947 results on '"Task oriented"'
Search Results
2. F.O.T.T.: Motor Control and Motor Learning
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Gampp Lehmann, Karin, Nusser-Müller-Busch, Ricki, editor, and Gampp Lehmann, Karin, editor
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- 2021
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3. A New Look at the Supervisor Role in Performance Management
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Drawbaugh, Montana L., Williams, Jane R., (Ernie) Wang, Erzhuo, Steelman, Lisa A., editor, and Williams, Jane R., editor
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- 2019
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4. 面向任务的装备维修保障资源配置研究.
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吴莹, 彭轶轩, 郑婉文, 徐成成, 周献中, and 冯少冲
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DECISION support systems , *REAL numbers , *PROBLEM solving , *RESOURCE allocation , *CONCRETE analysis , *MAINTENANCE - Abstract
Resource allocation is an important part of equipment maintenance support. In order to optimize resource allocation reasonably after equipment failure, quickly repair the equipment failure and restore the battle effectiveness of the army, in this paper, a task-oriented equipment maintenance support resource allocation model is proposed and solved by the genetic algorithm. The algorithm adopts the real number coding form which is closer to the problem space. Through embedding the random substitution module with limited selection, it solves the problem of task and resource allocation under the condition of clear task requirement and maintenance resource, and avoids the repeated allocation of resource. This paper proves the feasibility, validity and applicability of the method through the analysis of concrete examples, and provides a train of thought for the design and development of this kind of decision support system, as well as an important reference for the equipment maintenance resource support decision-making in the future information battlefield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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5. 面向任务的装备维修保障资源配置研究.
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吴 莹, 彭轶轩, 郑婉文, 徐成成, 周献中, and 冯少冲
- Abstract
Copyright of Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2021
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6. Efeitos de um programa fisioterapêutico com terapia por tarefas orientadas e treino de marcha para trás na locomoção de pacientes após acidente vascular encefálico: série de casos.
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Guimarães Machado, Suzanne, Rosalva de Aguiar, Jaíne, Bispo, Gabriel Pacheco, de Oliveira Santana, Ricardo, Schiassi Hernandes, Raphaela, and Schneiberg, Sheila
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POSTURAL balance ,EXERCISE physiology ,EXERCISE therapy ,GAIT disorders ,HEMIPLEGIA ,LIFE skills ,CASE studies ,PHYSICAL therapy ,TASK performance ,BODY movement ,STROKE patients ,WALKING speed - Abstract
Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2020
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7. Effect of Group-Task-Oriented Training on Gross and Fine Motor Function, and Activities of Daily Living in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy.
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Ko, Eun Jae, Sung, In Young, Moon, Hye Jin, Yuk, Jin Sook, Kim, Heung-Su, and Lee, Nam Hyun
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CEREBRAL palsy treatment , *FISHER exact test , *JUMPING , *MOTOR ability , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RUNNING , *STATISTICAL sampling , *HEALTH self-care , *SITTING position , *STANDING position , *STATISTICS , *WALKING , *DATA analysis , *GROUP process , *ACTIVITIES of daily living , *TASK performance , *EFFECT sizes (Statistics) , *BODY movement , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MANN Whitney U Test , *CHILDREN - Abstract
Aims: To determine the effects of group-task-oriented training (group-TOT) on gross and fine motor function, activities of daily living (ADL) and social function of children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Eighteen children with spastic CP (4–7.5 years, gross motor function classification system level I–III) were randomly assigned to the Group-TOT (9 children received group-TOT for 1 hour, twice a week for 8 weeks) or the comparison group (9 children received individualized traditional physical and occupational therapy). The Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-88, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2nd edition (BOT-2), and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were administered before and after the intervention, and in the Group-TOT, 16 weeks after the intervention. Results: Children in the Group-TOT showed significant improvements in the GMFM-88 standing and walking/running/jumping subscales, the BOT-2 manual dexterity subscale, and the PEDI social function subscale (p < 0.05); changes were maintained 16 weeks after the intervention ended. In contrast, the comparison group improved in only the BOT-2 fine motor integration subscale (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings provide evidence of effectiveness of group-TOT in improving gross and fine motor function, and social function in children with CP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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8. 中加高校研究型实验室管理模式比较及思考.
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张乐, 孙淑强, 郭云飞, and 孔亚广
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OPERATIONS research , *STUDENT teaching , *LABORATORIES , *RESEARCH , *CONSTRUCTION , *EMPLOYEES - Abstract
The research laboratory is an important place for scientific research and personnel training in universities, and is based on the discipline construction and has the characteristics of subject advantages. It is also a main place for scientific research activities. The research laboratory is different from the public teaching laboratory. In general, it is highly specialized. The researchers are mobile, and the research task is complex and diverse. Through in-depth investigation of the same types of laboratories in Mcmaster University in Canada, Several specific measures are put forward, such as article claims to team leading, task oriented way, setting up a management tree structure, integrating resources based on the research subject unit, optimizing personnel and spatial layout, attaching importance to the examination and approval and the procedure of training, and strengthening management and sharing of professional instruments and equipment. At the same time, it should Improve the construction of the basic information of laboratory. In this way, we can standardize the daily operation mode of the research lab, perfect the resource utilization efficiency and achieve the goal of teamwork development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
9. When architecture meets RL+EA: A hybrid intelligent optimization approach for selecting combat system-of-systems architecture.
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Huang, Yang, Luo, Aimin, Chen, Tao, Zhang, Mengmeng, Ren, Bangbang, and Song, Yanjie
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EVOLUTIONARY algorithms , *GENETIC algorithms , *REINFORCEMENT learning , *AIR defenses , *SUPPLY chains - Abstract
In recent decades, various domains such as military, aerospace and supply chain are becoming increasingly complex, forming system-of-systems (SoSs). The effectiveness of SoSs is mainly determined by their architecture, thus selecting proper architecture for SoSs is crucial to maximize their effectiveness. While most studies focus on specific issues, such as mission planning and SoSs meta-architecture selection, few papers deal with the two issues together. This paper introduces the task oriented SoSs architecture selection problem (TSASP) and proposes an combination of reinforcement learning (RL) and evolutionary algorithm (EA) (CRE) to address this problem. CRE comprises two layers: the inner layer utilizes a DQN-based algorithm to solve the mission planning problem, and the outer layer with improved genetic algorithm optimizes the SoSs architecture selection based on the output of inner one. A synthetic air and missile defense (AMD) example is conducted to test the effectiveness of proposed method, and results show that CRE can improve the mission planning effect by select a feasible architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Interrelations between enhanced emotional intelligence, leadership self-efficacy and task-oriented leadership behaviour–a leadership coaching study
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Peter R. Halliwell, Brendan Boyle, and Rebecca Mitchell
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Self-efficacy ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,business.industry ,Emotional intelligence ,Applied psychology ,Task oriented ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,Psychology ,business ,Coaching - Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate interrelations between enhanced emotional intelligence, leadership self-efficacy and task-oriented leadership behaviour following participation in leadership coaching.Design/methodology/approachOrganisational leaders (coachees) (N = 70) and their subordinates (N = 175) completed online questionnaires pre- and post-coaching. To account for pre-coaching scores, construct latent change scores were assessed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsResults indicate a positive association between enhanced emotional intelligence and leadership self-efficacy, however, little support was found for leadership self-efficacy as a mediator explaining an association between enhanced emotional intelligence and task-oriented leadership behaviour.Practical implicationsOrganisations aiming to improve leader performance through enhancing emotional intelligence and leadership self-efficacy may find value in leadership coaching due to the intervention's positive effect on these constructs, and the positive association observed between developmental changes in these constructs.Originality/valueResearch on the interrelation between emotional intelligence and leadership self-efficacy is scarce. This study extends the literature by investigating the interrelation between developmental changes between these constructs brought about by leadership coaching using latent change scores and PLS-SEM. The study also assesses whether enhanced leadership self-efficacy mediates an association between enhanced emotional intelligence and task-oriented leadership behaviour building on the literature explaining coaching's effect mechanisms.
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- 2021
11. Relating supervisor interpersonal emotion management- and task-oriented leadership to adaptive performance: a moderated-mediation model incorporating trust and gender
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Jennica R. Webster and Gary A. Adams
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Cultural Studies ,Gender Studies ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Moderated mediation ,Supervisor ,Task oriented ,Interpersonal communication ,Psychology ,Adaptive performance ,Social psychology ,Emotion management - Abstract
PurposeThe authors incorporated leadership and gender theories with research on trust to propose a model relating interpersonal emotion management (IEM, a type of relational leadership) and task-oriented (T-O) leadership to follower adaptive performance. The authors also examine the indirect effect of IEM and T-O on adaptive performance via trust and the possible moderating role of gender on these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe authors tested this model using a sample of 314 workers who rated their direct leaders (supervisors).FindingsOverall, results supported the model for IEM as it was directly and indirectly related (via trust) to adaptive job performance (even after controlling for transformational leadership) and these relationships were more positive for women leaders. T-O leadership was related to adaptive job performance as expected but was unrelated to trust or, via trust, to adaptive performance. Findings also suggest that women direct leaders may garner more trust and adaptive performance from followers by engaging in higher levels of IEM, while also not experiencing backlash for engaging in the more agentic T-O behaviors during a crisis.Practical implicationsDespite an emphasis on women's relational leadership during a crisis, the authors findings show organizations are best served by ambidextrous leaders who can manage the emotions and tasks of their followers and that both women and men can engage in these leadership styles without penalty.Originality/valueMuch research regarding women's leadership advantage during a crisis is based on political leaders or has been conducted in lab settings. Further, it has focused on attitudes toward the women leaders rather than their performance. Research has also not considered both IEM along with the possible backlash women may experience for engaging in T-O leadership.
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- 2021
12. Effectiveness of Bilateral Task-Oriented Exercises and Mirror Therapy to Improve Hand Function in Hemiparetic Stroke
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B N Raju, Mary Margrett, and Ashok Chakravarthi
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hand function ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,Fugl meyer ,medicine.disease ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Mirror therapy ,Statistical significance ,Task oriented ,Medicine ,business ,Clinical syndrome ,Stroke - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Stroke is a clinical syndrome consisting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death with no apparent cause other than a vascular origin.” Some evidence-based studies proved that bilateral task-oriented exercise and Mirror therapy are effective in improving the hand function in hemiparetic stroke patient. But there is no comparative study of these two protocols. Hence the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of bilateral task-oriented exercises and Mirror therapy in improving hand function in hemiparetic stroke patient. Methods: A total of 67 subjects met selection criteria for the study among them 7 members are dropouts from group A and B and were divided into 2 groups, 30 members in group A (bilateral task-oriented exercises), 30 members in group B (Mirror therapy). Both groups performed intervention for 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. The outcomes were Fugl Meyer and Motor Activity Log for measuring functional disabilities. Results: Paired “T” test was used to access the statistical significance within the groups. Statistical analysis between two groups using independent “t” test revealed that there is no significant difference between Bilateral task-oriented exercises and Mirror therapy groups. Conclusion: In this study, 4 weeks of bilateral task-oriented exercises and Mirror therapy showed that both approaches are equally effective in improving hand function in hemi paretic stroke. Keywords: Hemiparetic stroke, Bilateral task-oriented exercises, Mirror therapy, Motor activity log, Fugl Meyer.
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- 2021
13. Task-Oriented Intervention for Improvement of Visuomotor Coordination and Fine Motor Coordination Functions in Developmental Delayed Child : A Single-Subject Design
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Eunkyoung Hong and Jiwon Song
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,Task oriented ,Fine motor coordination ,Single-subject design ,Psychology - Published
- 2021
14. Effect of Task-Oriented Training on Upper Extremity Function for Patients with Spinal Cord and Traumatic Brain Injuries: Systematic Review
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Gehan M. Ahmed and Mohamed A. Hassanin Maya G. Aly
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,Traumatic brain injury ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Spinal cord ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Quality of life ,medicine ,Task oriented ,Upper limb ,business ,Spinal cord injury ,Tetraplegia - Abstract
Background: Tetraplegia that results from cervical injury is the most frequent neurologic category after spinal cord injury (SCI) and causes substantial disability. Traumatic Brain injury (TBI) is a shock or a penetrating injury to the head that disrupts the brain function leading to various impairments including upper limb dysfunction. Improving arm and hand function after these injuries is a major priority of rehabilitation due to its reflect on mobility, independency and quality of life. Advances of treatment approaches and technology have been introduced in research work; one of these approaches is task-oriented training (TOT). Aim of Study: This systematic review aims to find out the evidence on the effectiveness of TOT to improve the upper limb functions among patients with SCI and TBI. Material and Methods: This systematic review performed using the PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and the Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB) search engines and the associated keywords. The methodological quality assessment was done by two reviewers using PEDro scale. Random effect model and standardized mean differences were used for meta-analyses. Results: The search identified 8,424 records, of which only two trials were selected as eligible. Quality appraisal revealed the trials were of good or fair quality. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests moderate level of evidence for non-significant effect of Task-oriented training in improving upper limb function and hand dexterity in patients with spinal cord injuries and further primary research is recommended for both SCI and TBI.
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- 2021
15. Proposing a task-oriented chatbot system for EFL learners speaking practice
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Pei-Shih Chen, Mei-Hua Hsu, and Chi-Shun Yu
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ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,Task oriented ,TheoryofComputation_GENERAL ,English as a foreign language ,Informal learning ,Psychology ,computer.software_genre ,Chatbot ,computer ,Linguistics ,Computer Science Applications ,Education - Abstract
Many learners of English as a foreign language often feel that learning spoken English is frustrating and quite difficult, especially when they have to talk to English-speaking foreigners. In gener...
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- 2021
16. Robust Cross-lingual Task-oriented Dialogue
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Yang Zhao, Yu Zhou, Junnan Zhu, Chengqing Zong, and Lu Xiang
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Cross lingual ,Globalization ,System deployment ,General Computer Science ,Machine translation ,Robustness (computer science) ,Computer science ,Human–computer interaction ,Task oriented ,Customer service ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Abstract
Cross-lingual dialogue systems are increasingly important in e-commerce and customer service due to the rapid progress of globalization. In real-world system deployment, machine translation (MT) services are often used before and after the dialogue system to bridge different languages. However, noises and errors introduced in the MT process will result in the dialogue system's low robustness, making the system's performance far from satisfactory. In this article, we propose a novel MT-oriented noise enhanced framework that exploits multi-granularity MT noises and injects such noises into the dialogue system to improve the dialogue system's robustness. Specifically, we first design a method to automatically construct multi-granularity MT-oriented noises and multi-granularity adversarial examples, which contain abundant noise knowledge oriented to MT. Then, we propose two strategies to incorporate the noise knowledge: (i) Utterance-level adversarial learning and (ii) Knowledge-level guided method. The former adopts adversarial learning to learn a perturbation-invariant encoder, guiding the dialogue system to learn noise-independent hidden representations. The latter explicitly incorporates the multi-granularity noises, which contain the noise tokens and their possible correct forms, into the training and inference process, thus improving the dialogue system's robustness. Experimental results on three dialogue models, two dialogue datasets, and two language pairs have shown that the proposed framework significantly improves the performance of the cross-lingual dialogue system.
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- 2021
17. Effect of task-oriented exercise training program on the functional performance of children with cerebral palsy
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Ade F Adeniyi, Omoyemi O. Ogwumike, and Umaru M. Badaru
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medicine.medical_specialty ,cerebral palsy ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,task-oriented exercise training ,medicine.disease ,mobility ,Cerebral palsy ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,functional performance ,Task oriented ,medicine ,Medicine ,Training program ,Psychology ,walking efficiency - Published
- 2021
18. Pengaruh Orientasi Hubungan Dan Orientasi Tugas Dalam Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pelaku Usaha
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Iwan Sidharta and Dina Lusyana
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relationship oriented ,task oriented ,performance ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 ,Business ,HF5001-6182 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
Effective leadership is a determining factor in the success of businesses, especially SMEs. By doing effective leadership will result in optimal performance for SME. the center of clothing in Bandung is one of the leading sectors of the local government of Bandung which is expected to provide economic impact for the community and the government. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of factors that affect leadership based on a relationship oriented and task oriented towards performance Sentra business communities in the center of clothing Bandung. Exploratory research methods of data analysis techniques using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), component-based Partial Least Squares (PLS). The number of respondents as many as 54 SMEs with data collection data collection technique purposive sampling. Results of the study indicate where relationship oriented and task oriented significant effect on the performance of SMEs in the center of clothing.
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- 2015
19. Task Oriented Training Activities Post Stroke Will Produce Measurable Alterations in Brain Plasticity Concurrent with Skill Improvement
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Khanitha Jitaree, Jerome Danoff, Suradej Tretriluxana, Narawut Pakaprot, Pagamas Piriyaprasarth, Jarugool Tretriluxana, and Somchanok Rungseethanakul
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Wrist ,Dreyfus model of skill acquisition ,Upper Extremity ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Neuroplasticity ,medicine ,Task oriented ,Humans ,Evoked potential ,Stroke ,Community and Home Care ,Neuronal Plasticity ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Stroke Rehabilitation ,Evoked Potentials, Motor ,Hand ,medicine.disease ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Post stroke ,Neurology (clinical) ,business - Abstract
Background Task-oriented training with upper extremity (UE) skilled movements has been established as a method to regain function post stroke. Although improved UE function has been shown after this type of therapy, there is minimal evidence that brain plasticity is associated with this training. The accelerated skill acquisition program (ASAP) is an example of an approach for promoting UE function using targeting movements. Objective To investigate the effects of a single 2-hour session of ASAP in individuals with stroke on measures of brain plasticity as represented by corticospinal excitability (CE) and determine associations with reach-to-grasp (RTG) performance. Methods Eighteen post-acute stroke patients were randomized to two groups. Experimental group (n = 9) underwent ASAP for 2 hours, while the control group (n = 9) received dose equivalent usual and customary care. Both groups were evaluated for CE and RTG performance prior to the session and then four times after training: immediately, 1 day, 6 days, and 12 days. Results Significant alterations in CE were found in the peak-to-peak of Motor Evoked Potential amplitude of elbow and wrist extensor muscles in the lesioned hemisphere. The experimental group also demonstrated improved execution (shortened total movement time, TMT), feed-forward mechanism (deceleration time, DT) and planning (lengthened relative time to maximum hand aperture, RTApmax) compared to the control group. Conclusion Alterations in brain plasticity occur concurrently with improvements in RTG performance in post-acute stroke patients with mild impairment after a single 2-hour session of task-oriented training and persist for at least 12 days.
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- 2021
20. Efficacy of task-oriented training vs proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on mobility and balance in spastic cerebral palsy
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P. Sivapragasam, P Swetha, R.N.V. Deepthi, Raja Sathya, V. Rajalaxmi, and S Omana
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Proprioception ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,General Medicine ,Timed Up and Go test ,medicine.disease ,Gait ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Spastic cerebral palsy ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Facilitation ,Task oriented ,Medicine ,business ,Balance (ability) - Abstract
Introduction and Aim:One of the most significant and common clinical finding in a majority of children with (CP)is difficulty in walking and exhibiting poor balance control which results in poor gait and reaching movements as maintenance of stability is critical. There are numerous approaches, protocols and treatment strategies to improve balance and gait control. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of task- oriented training and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises (PNF)on mobility and balance in spastic cerebral palsy. Methodology: This was a comparative study design with pre-post type 20 samples were selected based on the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups. Group A received task-oriented training and group B proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Pre & post measurements were done using paediatric balance scale and timed up and go test. Results:On comparing the post-test values of group A and group B both the group showed significant difference with the pre-test, on comparing the post-test values of group A and group B, group A showed better significance than group B. Conclusion: The present study concluded that there seems to be evidence that task-oriented training is more beneficial in training program for increasing the mobility and balance in spastic cerebral palsy comparing to proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.
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- 2021
21. A Systematic Review of Task-Oriented Training to Improve the Physical Function and Activities of Daily of Living of Children With Cerebral Palsy
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Ah-Ream Bak and Jae-Shin Lee
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine ,Task oriented ,Physical function ,Psychology ,medicine.disease ,Training (civil) ,Cerebral palsy - Published
- 2021
22. Transcranial direct current stimulation and repetitive functional task-oriented programme for upper limb functional rehabilitation in stroke survivors
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Olajide Ayinla Olawale, Caleb Ademola Gbiri, and Caleb Adewumi Adeagbo
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,Transcranial direct-current stimulation ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Stimulation ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Task oriented ,medicine ,Upper limb ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Stroke survivor ,business ,Stroke ,Motor cortex - Abstract
Recovery of upper limb motor function remains a major challenge to stroke rehabilitation experts and stroke survivors alike. Stimulation of the motor cortex by noninvasive brain stimulators and the...
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- 2021
23. On the performance of task-oriented branch-and-bound algorithms for workload smoothing in simple assembly line balancing
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Philipp Schulze and Rico Walter
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SIMPLE (military communications protocol) ,Branch and bound ,Computer science ,Strategy and Management ,Task oriented ,Workload ,Parallel computing ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Assembly line ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Smoothing - Abstract
Smoothing the workloads among the stations of an already installed assembly line is one of the major objectives in assembly line (re-)balancing. In order to find a feasible task-station assignment ...
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- 2021
24. Task-Oriented Reading: A Framework for Improving College Students’ Reading Compliance and Comprehension
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Kristin A. Ritchey and Alexandra List
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Variety (linguistics) ,Education ,Compliance (psychology) ,Comprehension ,Reading comprehension ,Reading (process) ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Mathematics education ,Task oriented ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Confusion ,media_common - Abstract
Undergraduates report a variety of reasons for not reading assigned text(s), including confusion regarding instructors’ expectations, while faculty report using reading as a major instructional too...
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- 2021
25. Task-Oriented and Imitation-Oriented Movements in Virtual Reality Exercise Performance and Design
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Ken Chen and Karen B. Chen
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Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,020207 software engineering ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,02 engineering and technology ,Kinematics ,Virtual reality ,computer.software_genre ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Match moving ,Human–computer interaction ,Virtual machine ,Exercise performance ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Task oriented ,Imitation ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Objective This study investigated the influence of game features and practice type on human kinematic and muscular performance in a virtual reality exercise (VRE). Participants demonstrated changes in shoulder flexion angle and muscle activation under different virtual scenarios. Background Conventional VRE studies often compared the outcomes between an experimental group that underwent exercise in VR and a real-world exercise control group, whereas comparisons between VRE programs are lacking. Besides, the attributes of VREs received little attention. Method Thirteen able-bodied participants performed upper extremity exercise movements in immersive VR using a head-mounted display. Participants performed task-oriented and imitation-oriented movements with different game features. Shoulder muscle activity (the deltoid, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus) and shoulder motion were collected. Results Practice type (task-oriented, imitation-oriented) significantly influenced the flexion angle of the shoulder complex ( F(1,11) = 9.53, p = .01), and the muscle activity of the supraspinatus ( F(1,9) = 12.61, p = .006) and the infraspinatus ( F(1,9) = 12.71, p = .006). Game features did not have a statistically significant effect on shoulder flexion angle or shoulder muscles’ activations. Conclusions Compared to imitation-oriented practice, task-oriented practice elicited more intensive shoulder movements and muscular efforts but also induced greater movement variations. Substantial differences across game features levels should be further investigated to have significant effects. Applications This research may help guide the design of future VREs. For strength training or rehabilitation where intensive practice is required, task-oriented practice should be considered; for movement learning where movement consistency is required, imitation oriented practice should be adopted.
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- 2021
26. Task-Oriented Approaches to Improve Upper Limb Functions and Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Patients: Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Sang-Ki Park and Jae-Shin Lee
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Activities of daily living ,Stroke patient ,business.industry ,Meta-analysis ,Task oriented ,Medicine ,Upper limb ,business - Published
- 2021
27. Review of Taboada (2004): Building Coherence and Cohesion. Task-Oriented Dialogue in English and Spanish
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Eva González Melón
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Cohesion (linguistics) ,Linguistics and Language ,Task oriented ,Sociology ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,Education - Published
- 2021
28. Maintenance of retained carbon dioxide and its task-oriented usage
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L.M. Shikhiyeva, F.Z. Bayramova, F.N. Kerimov, Azerbaijan Republic Gas, and F.A. Kuliyev
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Carbon dioxide ,Task oriented ,Environmental science ,Process engineering ,business - Abstract
The research works justify negative impact of carbon dioxide (CO2), released into the atmosphere due to the burning of natural methane (CH4) used as a fuel in some large industrial enterprises of Azerbaijan and the ways of its task-oriented and cost-effective usage, particularly, in methanol, carbamide fertilisers production, which is top priority for Azerbaijan and in oil recovery increase of depleted reservoirs as well. The sources of large carbon dioxide emissions into the air in Azerbaijan have been revealed, the volume of burnt hydrocarbons and waste amount calculated as well. As a major investigation object, the methods of centralized gathering, transportation and utilization of wastes from the sources on the territory have been studied.
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- 2021
29. THE EFFECT OF TASK ORIENTED FUNCTIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMME IN ELDERLY WITH HEMORRHAGIC STROKE- A CASE STUDY
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Shiksha Yadav and Anuradha Pai
- Subjects
Functional training ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,business.industry ,Task oriented ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Stroke - Abstract
BACKGROUND- A 70 year old unknown male patient was found unconscious on road and was brought to tertiary care hospital. On investigations and clinical correlation, patient was diagnosed as a case of left hemiparesis secondary to acute middle cerebral artery infarct. Patient regained consciousness on next day and was in state of complete dependence for bed mobility and daily living activities. He was managed conservatively and was referred to occupational therapy department for further management. METHOD- Patient was evaluated by using uniform terminology. Modied Barthel index, Modied Rankin Scale, Basic MOCA scale and Stroke Specic QOL scales were administered. Patient was given intervention for 5 weeks. Enabling activities with self-care functional activities were practised. Accident prevention, activity promotion, Compensatory strategies and environmental modications were done. Scales were administered post intervention and comparative data was obtained. RESULT- Change of pre-intervention and post- intervention score indicates improvements in performing activities of daily living, reduced disability, improved cognition and quality of living. There were signicant improvement in activities like eating, drinking milk, in bed mobility dressing and coming to sit. Minimum to moderate improvement was seen in activities like toileting, walking, stair climbing and use of wheelchair. Despite his age and lack of family support, signicant functional improvements were documented in this elderly stroke patient, and he was discharged to old age home. CONCLUSION- Supplementing enabling activities with task oriented functional training is feasible and effective in improving independence for activity of daily living in elderly stroke
- Published
- 2021
30. Task-oriented Battlefield Situation Information Hybrid Recommendation Model
- Author
-
Guo Xiao Feng, Shen Jian Jing, Zhou Chun Hua, and Zhou Zhen Yu
- Subjects
Recommendation model ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Battlefield ,Artificial Intelligence ,Computer science ,Human–computer interaction ,Task oriented ,Software ,Theoretical Computer Science - Published
- 2021
31. Joint Linear Discrimination and Graph Regularization for Task-Oriented Cross- Modal Retrieval
- Author
-
Ying Chen and Jin Dai
- Subjects
Modal ,Computer science ,Task oriented ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Algorithm ,Joint (geology) ,Software ,Graph regularization - Published
- 2021
32. Task-Oriented Dialogue as Dataflow Synthesis
- Author
-
Machines, Semantic, Andreas, Jacob, Bufe, John, Burkett, David, Chen, Charles, Clausman, Josh, Crawford, Jean, Crim, Kate, DeLoach, Jordan, Dorner, Leah, Eisner, Jason, Fang, Hao, Guo, Alan, Hall, David, Hayes, Kristin, Hill, Kellie, Ho, Diana, Iwaszuk, Wendy, Jha, Smriti, Klein, Dan, Krishnamurthy, Jayant, Lanman, Theo, Liang, Percy, Lin, Christopher H, Lintsbakh, Ilya, McGovern, Andy, Nisnevich, Aleksandr, Pauls, Adam, Petters, Dmitrij, Read, Brent, Roth, Dan, Roy, Subhro, Rusak, Jesse, Short, Beth, Slomin, Div, Snyder, Ben, Striplin, Stephon, Su, Yu, Tellman, Zachary, Thomson, Sam, Vorobev, Andrei, Witoszko, Izabela, Wolfe, Jason, Wray, Abby, Zhang, Yuchen, and Zotov, Alexander
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Linguistics and Language ,Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer science ,Dataflow ,Programming language ,Communication ,computer.software_genre ,Computer Science Applications ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Artificial Intelligence ,Task oriented ,Graph (abstract data type) ,Computation and Language (cs.CL) ,computer ,Utterance - Abstract
We describe an approach to task-oriented dialogue in which dialogue state is represented as a dataflow graph. A dialogue agent maps each user utterance to a program that extends this graph. Programs include metacomputation operators for reference and revision that reuse dataflow fragments from previous turns. Our graph-based state enables the expression and manipulation of complex user intents, and explicit metacomputation makes these intents easier for learned models to predict. We introduce a new dataset, SMCalFlow, featuring complex dialogues about events, weather, places, and people. Experiments show that dataflow graphs and metacomputation substantially improve representability and predictability in these natural dialogues. Additional experiments on the MultiWOZ dataset show that our dataflow representation enables an otherwise off-the-shelf sequence-to-sequence model to match the best existing task-specific state tracking model. The SMCalFlow dataset, code for replicating experiments, and a public leaderboard are available at https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/dataflow-based-dialogue-semantic-machines .
- Published
- 2020
33. The Effects of Task-Oriented Exercise Program on Cognitive Function and Heart Rate Variability of Elderly Women
- Author
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Ickwon Kang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Exercise program ,medicine ,Task oriented ,Heart rate variability ,Cognition ,Psychology - Published
- 2020
34. Task-Oriented Self-Care: An Innovative Approach to Wellness for Counselors
- Author
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Melissa J. Fickling and Andrew M. Plath
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Applied psychology ,Burnout ,Creativity ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Order (business) ,Compassion fatigue ,Self care ,Task oriented ,Obligation ,Vicarious traumatization ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Self-care is an often-cited obligation of professional counselors in order to prevent compassion fatigue, vicarious traumatization, and burnout. Nearly all examples of counselor self-care in the pe...
- Published
- 2020
35. Optimizing Gait Ability after Task-oriented Circuit Class Training in Posttraumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report
- Author
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Anas R Alashram
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Class (computer programming) ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Gait (human) ,Computer science ,Task oriented ,medicine ,Training (meteorology) - Published
- 2020
36. Expressive Suppression Within Task-Oriented Dyads: The Moderating Role of Power
- Author
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Federica Biassoni, Stefania Balzarotti, Maria Rita Ciceri, and Stefano Cesana
- Subjects
expressive suppression ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Research Reports ,050105 experimental psychology ,BF1-990 ,Power (social and political) ,power ,Nonverbal behavior ,Feeling ,Task oriented ,Settore M-PSI/01 - PSICOLOGIA GENERALE ,nonverbal behavior ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Positive behavior ,Expressive Suppression ,Social psychology ,General Psychology ,Social effects ,Dyad ,media_common ,emotional experience - Abstract
Although research has so far consistently revealed that using suppression to regulate emotions has adverse personal and social effects, it has been argued that suppression may be less detrimental within non-close relationships. In the present work, we examined the effects of experimentally induced suppression on expressive behavior, emotional experience, and social outcomes within task-oriented interactions between individuals randomly assigned to high/low vs. equal power positions. Eighty-eight participants were randomly paired with a partner of the same gender (forty-four dyads). After being randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions created to manipulate suppression use and power, each dyad was asked to complete two problem-solving tasks. The results showed that the participants who were assigned to the subordinate (low-power) role and who used suppression to regulate their emotions reported more negative emotional experience than did individuals assigned to equal-power roles, as well as more inauthenticity and diminished feelings of rapport compared to subordinates who freely expressed their feelings. Moreover, we found that the use of suppression also influenced participants assigned to the manager (high-power) role, as they exhibited less positive behavior, reported less positive experience and lower feelings of rapport when interacting with a partner asked to suppress. When individuals were assigned to equal power roles, the participants instructed to use suppression reported lower levels of positive emotions than did their partners as well as higher feelings of inauthenticity compared to uninstructed participants. Overall, these findings seem to suggest that suppression may impair task-oriented interactions between high/low power individuals more than interactions between individuals sharing equal power.
- Published
- 2020
37. Leadership Styles of Medical Professionals.
- Author
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Nizami, Rahila, Latif, Muhammad Zahid, Hussain, Intzar, and Rashid, Khalid
- Abstract
Leadership is an obligatory inter-personal skill for executive positions and medical professionals are no exception. They play crucial roles in variety of scenarios including leading wards, camps, campaigns, open houses, seminars and symposiums as well as day-to-day bases dealing with clinical directors and managers. This study was conducted to study the leadership styles among the medical professionals. For this purpose, a cross sectional and non-probability convenient sampling was conducted involving 59 medical professionals of Azra Naheed Medical College, Lahore. The assessment of leadership-style (T-P leadership rating scale) was applied. The ages of subjects were 37.42±11.91 years, and 29 (49.15%) were male and 27 (45.76%) were female whereas 3 (5.1%) were of undisclosed gender. The mean age of males were 41.28±12.85 years and average age of females was 32.83±9.03 years. A total of 36 (61.02%) of participants were married and 17 (28.81%) were unmarried whereas 6 (10.2%) did not disclose their marital statuses. Regardless of the gender, age and character, no dominating leadership-style was identified among the medical professionals participated in this study, highlighting the need for leadership development in health professionals. This present a great challenge for health professionals to understand how their leadership behaviors affect the performance. Further research is required to provide more comparable evaluations in health sector leadership in diverse cohorts and the presented study provides the baseline to improve this feature in healthcare professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. A code-mixed task-oriented dialog dataset for medical domain.
- Author
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Dowlagar, Suman and Mamidi, Radhika
- Subjects
- *
CODE switching (Linguistics) , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *MONOLINGUALISM , *NATURAL language processing , *MEDICARE - Abstract
In the healthcare domain, medical and patient interactions form a crucial part of the diagnosis. Initially, the AI models developed for healthcare centered only on monolingual data. However, such models do not cater to the multilingual regions, where most conversations are Code-Mixed. We present the Code-Mixed Medical Task-Oriented Dialog Dataset to facilitate the research and development of Code-Mixed medical dialog systems. We analyzed the dataset using medical, conversational, and linguistic theories. The dataset contains 3005 Telugu–English Code-Mixed dialogs between patients and doctors with 29 k utterances covering ten specializations with an average code-mixing index (CMI) of 33.3%. We manually annotated the conversational dataset with intents and slot labels. We also present baselines to establish benchmarks on the dataset using existing state-of-the-art Natural Language Understanding (NLU) models. We improved the existing baselines using contextual ground truth intent labels and processing the slots as chunks. The data is made publically available. 1 1 https://github.com/suman101112/Code-Mixed-TOD-Medical-Dataset.git. [Display omitted] • It is the first corpus containing Code-Mixed medical conversations in the Telugu–English language. • The dialogs are taken from real-life conversations. • To understand the user's utterance, we annotated the corpus with intents and slots. • We ran the baseline NLU models to establish a benchmark on our task-oriented corpus. • We also proposed an improvement over the baseline NLU models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A Comprehensive Multi-Analyte Method for Hair Analysis: Substance-Specific Quantification Ranges and Tool for Task-Oriented Data Evaluation
- Author
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Clementine Scholz, Thomas Kraemer, Jürg Cabalzar, Markus R. Baumgartner, University of Zurich, and Scholz, Clementine
- Subjects
Analyte ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,340 Law ,610 Medicine & health ,Single sample ,Toxicology ,Mass spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Forensic Toxicology ,510 Mathematics ,Limit of Detection ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,2307 Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Calibration ,Task oriented ,Environmental Chemistry ,Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Multi analyte ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,Chemical Health and Safety ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,1504 Chemical Health and Safety ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Hair analysis ,3005 Toxicology ,10218 Institute of Legal Medicine ,Substance Abuse Detection ,Health ,2304 Environmental Chemistry ,Hair - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to quantify a large number of analytes including opioids, stimulants, benzodiazepines, z-drugs, antidepressants and neuroleptics within a single sample workup followed by a single analytical measurement. Expected drug concentrations in hair are strongly substance dependent. Therefore, three different calibration ranges were implemented: 0.5 to 600 pg/mg (group 1), 10 to 12,000 pg/mg (group 2) and 50 to 60,000 pg/mg (group 3). In order to avoid saturation effects, different strategies were applied for selected transitions including the use of parent mass ions containing one or two 13C-isotopes and detuning of the declustering potential and/or collision energy. Drugs were extracted from pulverized hair by a two-step extraction protocol and measured by liquid chromatrography--tandem mass spectrometry (LC--MS-MS) using Scheduled MRM™ Algorithm Pro. In total, 275 MRM transitions including 43 deuterated standards were measured. The method has been fully validated according to international guidelines. A MultiQuant™ software based tool for task-oriented data evaluation was established, which allows extracting selected information from the measured data sets. The matrix effects and recoveries were within the allowed ranges for the majority of the analytes. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) were for ∼72% of the analytes in the low-pg/mg range (0.5–5 pg/mg) and for ∼24% of the analytes between 10 and 50 pg/mg. These LLOQs considered cut-offs by the Society of Hair Testing (SoHT), if recommended. The herein established multi-analyte approach meets the specific requirements of forensic hair testing and can be used for the rapid and robust measurement of a wide range of psychoactive substances. The analyte-specific wide concentration ranges open up a wide field of applications.
- Published
- 2020
40. Task-oriented training and exer-gaming for improving mobility after stroke: a randomized trial
- Author
-
Arshad Nawaz Malik and Tahir Masood
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,Stroke Rehabilitation ,Training (meteorology) ,General Medicine ,Timed Up and Go test ,medicine.disease ,law.invention ,Stroke ,Video Games ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Time and Motion Studies ,Task oriented ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,General hospital ,business ,Postural Balance ,Balance (ability) - Abstract
To evaluate the effects of task-oriented training and to compare it with virtual reality training on the mobility, physical performance and balance in stroke patients.The randomised controlled trial was conducted from January 2016 to March 2017 at the Physical Rehabilitation Department of Pakistan Railways General Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised patients 40-70 years with stroke history of at least 3 months who had the ability to stand unaided. The subjects were randomised into virtual reality training group A and task-oriented training group B. Task oriented training was provided for 3 days per week over 8 weeks to both groups with each session lasting 40-45 minutes, while additional 15-20 minutes of exer-gaming was provided only to group A. Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity, Berg Balance Test, Timed Up and Go Test and Dynamic Gait Index were used for assessment which was done at baseline, and at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of training. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.Of the 52 subjects, there were 26(50%) in each of the two groups. The overall sample had 36(69.2%) males and 16(30.7%) females. Group A showed significant difference in Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity and Berg Balance Test scores at 04 weeks of training compared to group B (p0.05). Timed Up and Go Test significantly improved in group A at 6 weeks (p0.05). Both groups showed significant improvement in Dynamic Gait Index after 8 weeks of training (p0.05).Virtual reality combined with task-oriented training improved the physical performance, mobility and balance outcome in stroke patients. However, virtual reality and task-oriented trainings had similar effect on gait performance of the patients.
- Published
- 2020
41. Effect of Task-Oriented Bilateral Movements on Arm Global Synkinesis and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Stroke
- Author
-
Seung-Yun Baek and Kang Jeong Il
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Activities of daily living ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Muscle weakness ,Electromyography ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Synkinesis ,Muscle tension ,medicine ,Task oriented ,Upper limb ,In patient ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background: Stroke patients exhibit arm global synkinesis (GS), involuntary movement due to muscle weakness and irregular muscle tension. But currently there are few studies examined the effects of GS on activates of daily living in stroke patients. Objectives: To investigate the effects the effects of task-oriented bilateral movements, which promote brain plasticity and are based on neurological theory, using the unaffected arm and the affected arm. Design: Quasi-randomized trial. Methods: Twenty stroke patients were randomly assigned to experimental group I (n=10) and experimental group II (n=10). Before the intervention, arm GS was measured using surface electromyography, and the Motor Activity Log evaluated the quantitative and qualitative uses of the affected arm in daily life. The same items were measured four weeks later. Results: The changes in the GS of the arm of experimental group I showed statistically significant differences only in bending motions (P
- Published
- 2020
42. Recent advances and challenges in task-oriented dialog systems
- Author
-
Zheng Zhang, Ryuichi Takanobu, Qi Zhu, MinLie Huang, and XiaoYan Zhu
- Subjects
Computer science ,General Engineering ,Natural language understanding ,Natural language generation ,02 engineering and technology ,Ontology (information science) ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Data science ,0104 chemical sciences ,Domain (software engineering) ,Data efficiency ,Task oriented ,General Materials Science ,Dialog system ,Dialog box ,0210 nano-technology ,computer - Abstract
Due to the significance and value in human-computer interaction and natural language processing, task-oriented dialog systems are attracting more and more attention in both academic and industrial communities. In this paper, we survey recent advances and challenges in task-oriented dialog systems. We also discuss three critical topics for task-oriented dialog systems: (1) improving data efficiency to facilitate dialog modeling in low-resource settings, (2) modeling multi-turn dynamics for dialog policy learning to achieve better task-completion performance, and (3) integrating domain ontology knowledge into the dialog model. Besides, we review the recent progresses in dialog evaluation and some widely-used corpora. We believe that this survey, though incomplete, can shed a light on future research in task-oriented dialog systems.
- Published
- 2020
43. Effects of Motor Imagery Training and Task-oriented Training on Balance and Walking Function in Elderly : Case Series
- Author
-
Dong-Sik Oh
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Motor imagery ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Series (mathematics) ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Task oriented ,Training (meteorology) ,medicine ,Function (engineering) ,media_common ,Balance (ability) - Published
- 2020
44. The Effect of the Leader’s Relation and Task Oriented on Differentiation Organizational Performance: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Job Embeddedness of Airline Flight Crew Team
- Author
-
Byoung Won Min
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,Relation (database) ,business.industry ,Job embeddedness ,Crew ,Task oriented ,business ,Psychology ,Organizational performance - Published
- 2020
45. Effect of Progressive Task-oriented Lower Extremity Strength Exercise on Pulmonary Function, Gait Endurance, and Activities of Daily Living in Chronic Stroke Patients
- Author
-
Beom-Ryong Kim and Tae-Woo Kang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Gait (human) ,Activities of daily living ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,business.industry ,Task oriented ,Strength exercise ,Medicine ,business ,Chronic stroke ,Pulmonary function testing - Published
- 2020
46. Modeling and Task-Oriented Optimization of Contact-Aided Continuum Robots
- Author
-
Anzhu Gao, Hao Liu, Zhidong Wang, Yuanyuan Zhou, and Jianhua Li
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Continuum (measurement) ,Computer science ,Compliant mechanism ,Mechanical engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Computer Science Applications ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Reaction ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Deflection (engineering) ,Task oriented ,Robot ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Normal ,Confined space - Abstract
Steerable catheters, as one type of continuum robot, has been popularly used to reach targets to treat atrial fibrillation. Its tip orientation relative to the surface normal of anatomy affects the ablation efficiency and lesion volume. Traditional catheters with a constant deflection have to rely on the reaction force from the tissue to reach targets, and their tip orientation capability is always limited. To overcome this challenge, we propose a miniaturized tendon actuated continuum robot with asymmetric contact-aided compliant mechanisms (CCMs) to generate asymmetric bends. It can adapt to the confined space and improve the tip orientation capability. The general configuration with the customized contact-aided segments and spatial arrangements is investigated. A mechanical model considering self-contacts and tendon interactions is built to describe free bends and constrained bends. A task-oriented optimization based on the mechanical model is implemented to find the best asymmetric configuration with unevenly distributed CCMs. Experiments are carried out to validate the proposed design, model, and optimization. Comparisons of continuum robots with and without CCMs by experiments and simulation demonstrate its potential advantages to improve the deflection and tip orientation in the confined space.
- Published
- 2020
47. User Utterance Acquisition for Training Task-Oriented Bots: A Review of Challenges, Techniques and Opportunities
- Author
-
Fabio Casati, Moshe Chai Barukh, Boualem Benatallah, Shayan Zamanirad, and Mohammad-Ali Yaghoub-Zadeh-Fard
- Subjects
Grammar ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Semantics ,Training (civil) ,Human–computer interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Task oriented ,Quality (business) ,State (computer science) ,Utterance ,Natural language ,media_common - Abstract
Building conversational task-oriented bots requires large and diverse sets of annotated user utterances to learn mappings between natural language utterances and user intents. Given the complexity of human language as well as the recent advances on intent recognition (especially deep-learning-based approaches), bot developers now have faced a new challenge: efficiently and effectively collecting a large number of quality (e.g., diverse and unbiased) training samples. This article studies training user utterance acquisition along several important dimensions including cost and quality. We discuss state of the art techniques, identify open issues, and inform an outlook on future research directions.
- Published
- 2020
48. The Effect of Teratainment Task Oriented Activity on the Hemiplegia Weight Shifting of Stroke Patients
- Author
-
Won-Ho Choi and Sang-Mi Jung
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Stroke patient ,business.industry ,Task oriented ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Stroke ,Balance (ability) - Published
- 2020
49. Learning Task-Oriented Grasping From Human Activity Datasets
- Author
-
Jeannette Bohg, Mia Kokic, and Danica Kragic
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Control and Optimization ,Computer science ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Computer Science - Robotics ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Artificial Intelligence ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Task oriented ,Leverage (statistics) ,Computer vision ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Robotics ,Computer Science Applications ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Task analysis ,RGB color model ,Robot ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Robotics (cs.RO) - Abstract
We propose to leverage a real-world, human activity RGB dataset to teach a robot Task-Oriented Grasping (TOG). We develop a model that takes as input an RGB image and outputs a hand pose and configuration as well as an object pose and a shape. We follow the insight that jointly estimating hand and object poses increases accuracy compared to estimating these quantities independently of each other. Given the trained model, we process an RGB dataset to automatically obtain the data to train a TOG model. This model takes as input an object point cloud and outputs a suitable region for task-specific grasping. Our ablation study shows that training an object pose predictor with the hand pose information (and vice versa) is better than training without this information. Furthermore, our results on a real-world dataset show the applicability and competitiveness of our method over state-of-the-art. Experiments with a robot demonstrate that our method can allow a robot to preform TOG on novel objects.
- Published
- 2020
50. System-by-Design Multiscale Synthesis of Task-Oriented Reflectarrays
- Author
-
Andrea Massa, Alessandro Polo, Nicola Anselmi, Angelo Gelmini, Giacomo Oliveri, ELEDIA Research Center@DISI, University of Trento, via Sommarive 5, 38123 Trento, Italy (ELEDIA), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Set (abstract data type) ,[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism ,Scattering ,Computer science ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Task oriented ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Radiation ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Computational science - Abstract
International audience; The effective and computationally efficient task-oriented synthesis of wide reflectarray antennas (RAs) comprising arbitrarily complex unit cells (UCs) is addressed. A multiscale formulation of the reflectarray synthesis problem is proposed where:1) the degrees-of-freedom (DoFs) of the architecture are defined at the microscale in terms of the UC descriptors, while 2) the design objectives are stated at the macroscale as user-defined constraints on the RA radiation features. The arising task-oriented multiscale reflectarray design problem is then dealt with a customized instance of the system-by-design paradigm. A set of numerical examples is shown to illustrate the features of the proposed design approach and to assess, also comparatively, its effectiveness/computational efficiency.
- Published
- 2020
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