23 results on '"Tapia, M. O."'
Search Results
2. Fosfomycin residues in colostrum: Impact on morpho-physiology and microbiology of suckling piglets
- Author
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Fernández Paggi, M. B., primary, Martínez, G., additional, Diéguez, S. N., additional, Pérez Gaudio, D. S., additional, Decundo, J. M., additional, Riccio, M. B., additional, Amanto, F. A., additional, Tapia, M. O., additional, and Soraci, A. L., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Penetration of fosfomycin in intestinal culture explants
- Author
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Martínez, Guadalupe, Pérez, D. S., Soraci, Alejandro Luis, and Tapia, M. O.
- Subjects
Farmacocinética ,Ciencias Veterinarias ,Fosfomicina ,fosfomycin ,deoxynivalenol ,intestinal explants ,pigs ,fosfomicina ,deoxinivalenol ,explantes intestinales ,cerdos ,Porcinos - Abstract
Fosfomicina (FOS) es un antibiótico utilizado en producción porcina para el tratamiento y prevención de infecciones causadas por bacterias resistentes durante el post destete. En la dieta de los animales es frecuente encontrar antibióticos y concentraciones subtóxicas de micotoxinas como el deoxinivalenol (DON). Estos compuestos pueden establecer interacciones en el tracto intestinal afectando y/o modificando la penetración de FOS a los enterocitos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar un cultivo de explantes de intestino procedentes de yeyuno de cerdos y aplicar este modelo para estudiar la penetración intracelular de FOS en presencia o ausencia de DON. El uso de explantes intestinales disminuye el sacrificio de animales por experimento y preservan la estructura histológica intestinal normal en condiciones in vitro. Los resultados mostraron que no existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la concentración intracelular de FOS entre los explantes incubados con 580 ppm FOS y los explantes incubados con 580 ppm FOS y 1 ppm DON. Se obtuvo un Cmax de 12 ppm y tmax de 2 h. Nuestro estudio demostró que solo el 2% del antibiótico se acumula intracelularmente y que la concentración intracelular de FOS no es afectada por la presencia de concentraciones subtóxicas de DON. Fosfomycin (FOS) is an antibiotic used in pig farms for treatment and prevention of infections caused by resistant bacteria during post-weaning period. Antibiotics and non-toxic concentrations of such mycotoxins as deoxynivalenol (DON) are frequently found in the diet of animals. These compounds can establish interactions in the intestinal tract which affect and/or modify the penetration of FOS to enterocytes. The aim of this study was to culture intestinal explants from jejuna of pigs and to apply this model to the study of intracellular penetration of FOS in presence or absence of DON. The use of intestinal explants reduces the number of animals sacrificed per experiment and preserves normal intestinal histological structure in vitro. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the intracellular concentration of FOS between explants incubated with 580 ppm FOS and explants incubated with 580 ppm FOS and 1 ppm DON. The Cmax was 12 ppm and the tmax was 2 h. Our study proved that only the 2% of the antibiotic is intracellularly accumulated and that the intracellular concentration of FOS is not affected by the presence of non-toxic concentrations of DON. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
- Published
- 2012
4. Penetración de fosfomicina en explantes intestinales
- Author
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Martínez, Guadalupe, Pérez, D. S., Soraci, Alejandro Luis, and Tapia, M. O.
- Subjects
Farmacocinética ,Ciencias Veterinarias ,Fosfomicina ,fosfomycin ,deoxynivalenol ,intestinal explants ,pigs ,fosfomicina ,deoxinivalenol ,explantes intestinales ,cerdos ,Porcinos - Abstract
Fosfomicina (FOS) es un antibiótico utilizado en producción porcina para el tratamiento y prevención de infecciones causadas por bacterias resistentes durante el post destete. En la dieta de los animales es frecuente encontrar antibióticos y concentraciones subtóxicas de micotoxinas como el deoxinivalenol (DON). Estos compuestos pueden establecer interacciones en el tracto intestinal afectando y/o modificando la penetración de FOS a los enterocitos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar un cultivo de explantes de intestino procedentes de yeyuno de cerdos y aplicar este modelo para estudiar la penetración intracelular de FOS en presencia o ausencia de DON. El uso de explantes intestinales disminuye el sacrificio de animales por experimento y preservan la estructura histológica intestinal normal en condiciones in vitro. Los resultados mostraron que no existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la concentración intracelular de FOS entre los explantes incubados con 580 ppm FOS y los explantes incubados con 580 ppm FOS y 1 ppm DON. Se obtuvo un Cmax de 12 ppm y tmax de 2 h. Nuestro estudio demostró que solo el 2% del antibiótico se acumula intracelularmente y que la concentración intracelular de FOS no es afectada por la presencia de concentraciones subtóxicas de DON., Fosfomycin (FOS) is an antibiotic used in pig farms for treatment and prevention of infections caused by resistant bacteria during post-weaning period. Antibiotics and non-toxic concentrations of such mycotoxins as deoxynivalenol (DON) are frequently found in the diet of animals. These compounds can establish interactions in the intestinal tract which affect and/or modify the penetration of FOS to enterocytes. The aim of this study was to culture intestinal explants from jejuna of pigs and to apply this model to the study of intracellular penetration of FOS in presence or absence of DON. The use of intestinal explants reduces the number of animals sacrificed per experiment and preserves normal intestinal histological structure in vitro. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the intracellular concentration of FOS between explants incubated with 580 ppm FOS and explants incubated with 580 ppm FOS and 1 ppm DON. The Cmax was 12 ppm and the tmax was 2 h. Our study proved that only the 2% of the antibiotic is intracellularly accumulated and that the intracellular concentration of FOS is not affected by the presence of non-toxic concentrations of DON., Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
- Published
- 2012
5. Strategic use of additives: impact ongastro-intestinal equilibrium-health in piglets
- Author
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Soraci, Alejandro Luis, Amanto, F., Harkes, R., Pérez, D. S., Martínez, Guadalupe, Diéguez, Susana Nelly, and Tapia, M. O.
- Subjects
salud gastrointestinal ,lechón ,aditivos ,Aditivos Alimentarios ,gastrointestinal health ,piglets ,additives ,Ciencias Veterinarias ,Sistema Digestivo ,Porcinos - Abstract
Durante mucho tiempo se pensó que el rol del intestino se limitaba solamente a la digestión de los alimentos y a la absorción de nutrientes. Numerosos trabajos de investigación han demostrado la contribución del intestino al plano metabólico e inmunológico general del animal En consecuencia, suministrar un alimento de excelente calidad, balanceado en su composición para una categoría de animal determinada, no garantiza el buen desarrollo de parámetros zootécnicos. El tubo digestivo debe encontrarse en condiciones fisiológicas óptimas para metabolizar los nutrientes aportados, como así también afrontar la continua e importante entrada de antígenos orales. El correcto equilibrio de las funciones intestinales representa la clave para el logro de una buena "perfomance" productiva. Los aditivos son incorporados a los alimentos con el objetivo de prevenir y/o tratar diferentes situaciones fisiopatológicas que atentan contra la salud y equilibrio gastrointestinal. El conocimiento de las acciones y efectos de los aditivos es esencial para el uso racional de los mismos., For a long time, it was considered that the role of the intestine was limited to food digestion and absorption of nutrients. Numerous scientific works have demonstrated the intestine contribution to the overall metabolic and immunological status of the animal. Administering a well-balanced excellent-quality diet for an animal's category does not guarantee a good development of zootechnic parameters. The digestive tube must be under optimal physiological conditions in order to metabolize the administered nutrients as well as to face the continuous and important income of oral antigens. The proper balance of the intestinal functions represents the key to achieve a good productive performance. Additives are incorporated to feed with the purpose of preventing and/or treating different physio-pathological conditions that adversely affect the gastro-intestinal equilibrium and health. The knowledge of additive's actions and effects is essential for the rational use of them., Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
- Published
- 2010
6. Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins: Role of microcistyns on human and animal health and their detection in water samples
- Author
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Pérez, D. S., Soraci, Alejandro Luis, and Tapia, M. O.
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Microcistinas ,Ciencias Veterinarias ,cyanobacteria ,harmful algal bloom ,hepatotoxins ,detection methods ,cianobacterias ,florecimiento algal ,hepatotoxinas ,métodos de detección ,Cianobacterias ,Agua - Abstract
Las cianobacterias o algas azul verdosas poseen características tanto de algas como de bacterias. Ante condiciones favorables, tales como, aguas con altos contenidos de nutrientes o residuos químicos, entre otros, ocurre un fenómeno denominado “florecimiento o bloom algal”, durante el cual se advierte la formación de espuma y se alcanza una densidad celular sumamente elevada. Las cianobacterias producen una gran cantidad de efectos adversos sobre el recurso hídrico y los ecosistemas acuáticos, aunque lo más interesante, y a lo que se referirá fundamentalmente está revisión bibliográfica, es su capacidad de generar toxinas que se liberan durante la finalización del bloom y la muerte celular. Las cianotoxinas son consideradas las toxinas más importantes de los cuerpos de agua, y la microcistina LR, una hepatotoxina de toxicidad muy elevada, es la más frecuentemente hallada. La hepatotoxicosis aguda y muerte inducida por microcistinas sobre un gran número de especies han generado estudios sobre su toxicidad. Los métodos de detección con los que contamos actualmente para estudiar la presencia de las toxinas en agua son numerosos, siendo la Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Resolución (HPLC) la metodología más comúnmente utilizada con este propósito. Se han establecido límites provisionales de consumo para dicha hepatotoxina, aunque la mayoría de los países carece de una legislación firme al respecto., Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
- Published
- 2008
7. Effectiveness of sampling to detect prevalence of foot diseases in dairy cattle of Tandil County
- Author
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Confalonieri, O., Passucci, J. A., Rodríguez, E. M., West, Margarita, Tapia, M. O., and Soraci, Alejandro Luis
- Subjects
muestreo ,enfermedades podales ,prevalencia ,ganado lechero ,Ciencias Veterinarias ,sampling ,foot diseases ,prevalence ,dairy cattle ,Tandil (Buenos Aires, Argentina) ,Industria Lechera ,Bovinos - Abstract
Las enfermedades podales del ganado lechero, producen importantes pérdidas económicas. Fue evaluada la efectividad de un muestreo para estimar la prevalencia de enfermedades podales, comparando dicho estimador con el parámetro obtenido al revisar todos los animales. De una población de 12132 se muestrearon 369 animales en 24 tambos en Tandil, durante 2005, estratificados según tamaño. El método de selección fue al azar simple para las vacas en ordeñe y en forma sistemática para las vacas secas. El estimador y el parámetro de la prevalencia de enfermedades podales en general y de pietín en particular, fueron comparados mediante el test binomial. La prevalencia muestral de enfermedades podales fue 2.168% (IC95% 0,94-4,23), y el parámetro fue 2,703%, respecto al pietín, el estimador fue 0.813% (IC95% 0,17-2.36) y el parámetro 0,668%. En ambos casos la diferencia no fue significativa (P>0.05). El miembro más afectado fue el posterior derecho tanto en la muestra como en la población (46,95% y 62.,% respectivamente). El grado de claudicación 3 fue el más frecuente tanto en la población (60,37%), como en la muestra (75%). Los parámetros de prevalencia están incluídos dentro de los intervalos de confianza de los estimadores, validando la metodología de muestreo empleada.Las enfermedades podales del ganado lechero, producen importantes pérdidas económicas. Fue evaluada la efectividad de un muestreo para estimar la prevalencia de enfermedades podales, comparando dicho estimador con el parámetro obtenido al revisar todos los animales. De una población de 12132 se muestrearon 369 animales en 24 tambos en Tandil, durante 2005, estratificados según tamaño. El método de selección fue al azar simple para las vacas en ordeñe y en forma sistemática para las vacas secas. El estimador y el parámetro de la prevalencia de enfermedades podales en general y de pietín en particular, fueron comparados mediante el test binomial. La prevalencia muestral de enfermedades podales fue 2.168% (IC95% 0,94-4,23), y el parámetro fue 2,703%, respecto al pietín, el estimador fue 0.813% (IC95% 0,17-2.36) y el parámetro 0,668%. En ambos casos la diferencia no fue significativa (P>0.05). El miembro más afectado fue el posterior derecho tanto en la muestra como en la población (46,95% y 62.,% respectivamente). El grado de claudicación 3 fue el más frecuente tanto en la población (60,37%), como en la muestra (75%). Los parámetros de prevalencia están incluídos dentro de los intervalos de confianza de los estimadores, validando la metodología de muestreo empleada., Foot diseases of dairy cattle produce significant economic losses. We evaluated the effectiveness of a sampling to estimate the prevalence of foot diseases. We compare the estimator with the parameter obtained by reviewing all animals. A sample of 369 animals was taken from a population of 12132 animals, in 2005 year and we considerer startes according animals size. The selection method was simple random for milking cows and dry cows in a systematic way. The estimator and the prevalence parameter of foot diseases in general and digital dermatitis in particular, were compared using the binomial test. The sample prevalence in foot diseases was 2,168% (95% CI 0.94 - 4.23), and the parameter was 2,703%, compared with the digital dermatitis, the estimator was 0.813% (95% CI 0.17 - 2. 36) and the parameter 0.668%. In both cases the difference were not significant (P> 0.05). As well in sample and in population the most affected member was right back (46.95% and 62.5% respectively). Claudication 3 degree was the most common in the population (60.37%) as in the sample (75%). We conclude that the prevalence parameters are included within the confidence intervals of the estimators, validating the sampling methodology employed., Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
- Published
- 2008
8. Prevalence and determination of risk factors of hoof pathologies and their influence in milk production in Tandil mar and sierras basin
- Author
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Confalonieri, O., Soraci, Alejandro Luis, Passucci, J. A., Rodríguez, E. M., Becaluba, H. M., and Tapia, M. O.
- Subjects
Ciencias Veterinarias ,Tandil (Buenos Aires, Argentina) ,patologías podales ,dermatitis digital ,laminitis ,factores de riesgo ,ganadolechero ,hoof diseases ,digital dermatitis ,risk factors ,dairy cattle ,Industria Lechera ,Bovinos - Abstract
Las patologías podales que afectan a los bovinos, tienen particular importancia en el ganado lechero. Ante la falta de antecedentes en rodeos de la Cuenca Lechera Mar y Sierras, fue realizado un estudio para determinar la prevalencia, su clasificación y detectar factores de riesgo como también la implicancia de las mismas en la producción láctea. Fueron examinados 24 tambos pertenecientes a dicha cuenca entre marzo y diciembre del 2005.El test de locomoción de Sprecher, D. J. y col.(1997)8, fue utilizado para determinar el grado de claudicación .El efecto de dichas patologías en la producción fue evaluado por medio de ANOVA y el análisis de riesgo uni y multivariado mediante regresión logística. La prevalencia poblacional de enfermedades podales fue de 2,71 %. Las principales patologías diagnosticadas fueron dermatitis interdigital, dermatitis digital y laminitas crónica. Los animales con mayor producción fueron los más afectados (p, In order to determine the prevalence of lameness, the type of the lesions and degree of cow`s lameness a study was carried out in 24 dairy farms. The farms were visited once each between March and December, 2005. In each visit all the cows milked at the time of the visit were observed during locomotion. In lame cows all four feet were examined. The degree of lameness was scored according to Sprecher et al.,1997 scoring of dairy cattle. The mean total prevalence was (2,71 %). The three most frequent lesions were interdigital dermatitis, digital dermatitis and chronic laminitis. In the area of Mar y Sierras dairy basin in Tandil. The univaried risk analysis detected that use of semen of bull improvers of feet and the kind of soil of the establishment are significant risk factors for the development of hoof pathologies., Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
- Published
- 2008
9. Fosfomycin concentrations in epithelial lining fluid in weaning piglets
- Author
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SORACI, A. L., primary, PÉREZ, D. S., additional, MARTÍNEZ, G., additional, AMANTO, F., additional, TAPIA, M. O., additional, DIEGUEZ, S., additional, and FERNÁNDEZ PAGGI, M. B., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Pharmacocinétique et biodisponibilité de fosfomycine chez le poulet de chair.
- Author
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SORACI, A. L., PEREZ, D. S., TAPIA, M. O., MARTÍNEZ, G., DIEGUEZ, S., BURONFOSSE-ROQUE, F., HARKES, R., COLUSI, A, and ROMANO, O.
- Published
- 2011
11. Experimental combined aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A intoxication in pigs.
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TAPIA, M. O. and SEAWRIGHT, A. A.
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- 1985
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12. Experimental ochratoxicosis A in pigs.
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TAPIA, M. O. and SEAWRIGHT, A. A.
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- 1984
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13. Effects of paraquat on rumen microbial function in vitro
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Roige, M. B., Tapia, M. O., and Rubio, R.
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- 1998
- Full Text
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14. Experimental combined aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A intoxication in pigs
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TAPIA, M. O., primary and SEAWRIGHT, A. A., additional
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- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Fosfomycin: Uses and potentialities in veterinary medicine.
- Author
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Pérez DS, Tapia MO, and Soraci AL
- Abstract
Fosfomycin (FOS) is a natural bactericidal broad-spectrum antibiotic which acts on proliferating bacteria by inhibiting cell wall and early murein/peptidoglycan synthesis. Bactericidal activity is evident against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and can also act synergistically with other antibiotics. Bacterial resistance to FOS may be natural or acquired. Other properties of this drug include inhibition of bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells, exopolysaccharide biofilm penetration, immunomodulatory effect, phagocytosis promotion and protection against the nephrotoxicity caused by other drugs. FOS has chemical characteristics not typically observed in organic phosphoric compounds and its molecular weight is almost the lowest of all the antimicrobials. It tends to form salts easily due to its acidic nature (disodium salt, for intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) administration; calcium and trometamol salt: for oral (PO) administration). FOS has a very low protein binding (<0.5%) which, along with its low molecular weight and water solubility, contributes to its good diffusion into fluids (cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous and vitreous humor, interstitial fluid) and tissues (placenta, bone, muscle, liver, kidney and skin/fat). In all species, important differences in the bioavailability have been found after administration in relation to the various derivatives of FOS salts. Pharmacokinetic profiles have been described in humans, chickens, rabbits, cows, dogs, horses and weaning piglets. The low toxicity and potential efficacy of FOS are the main factors that contribute to its use in humans and animals. Thus, it has been used to treat a broad variety of bacterial infections in humans, such as localized peritonitis, brain abscesses, severe soft tissue infections, cystitis and other conditions. In veterinary medicine, FOS is used to treat infectious diseases of broiler chickens and pigs. In broilers, it is administered for the treatment of E. coli and Salmonella spp. infections. In piglets, the drug is prescribed to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. FOS penetration is demonstrated in phagocytic, respiratory (HEP-2) and intestinal (IPEC-J2) cells. Although not widely used in animals, the drug has shown good results in human medicine. The potentialities of FOS suggest that this drug is a promising candidate for the treatment of infections in veterinary medicine. For these reasons, the aim of this work is to provide animal health practitioners with information on a drug that is not extensively recognized.
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- 2014
16. Efficacy of free glutathione and niosomal glutathione in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in cats.
- Author
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Vulcano LA, Confalonieri O, Franci R, Tapia MO, and Soraci AL
- Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) administration results in hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in cats. The response to three different treatments against APAP poisoning was evaluated. Free glutathione (GSH) (200mg/kg), niosomal GSH (14 mg/kg) and free amino acids (180 mg/kg of N-acetylcysteine and 280 mg/kg of methionine) were administered to cats that were intoxicated with APAP (a single dose of 150 mg/kg, p.o.). Serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) along with serum, liver and erythrocyte concentration of GSH and methemoglobin percentage were measured before and 4, 24 and 72 hours after APAP administration. Free GSH (200 mg/kg) and niosomal GSH (14 mg/kg) were effective in reducing hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in cats intoxicated with a dose of 150 mg/kg APAP. We conclude that both types of treatments can protect the liver and haemoglobin against oxidative stress in APAP intoxicated cats. Furthermore, our results showed that treatment with niosomal GSH represents an effective therapeutic approach for APAP poisoning.
- Published
- 2013
17. Disodium-fosfomycin pharmacokinetics and bioavailability in post weaning piglets.
- Author
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Soraci AL, Perez DS, Martinez G, Dieguez S, Tapia MO, Amanto F, Harkes R, and Romano O
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- Animals, Animals, Newborn metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Bacterial Agents blood, Biological Availability, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid veterinary, Female, Fosfomycin administration & dosage, Fosfomycin blood, Injections, Intramuscular veterinary, Injections, Intravenous veterinary, Male, Swine, Weaning, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Fosfomycin pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Disodium-fosfomycin pharmacokinetics has been studied in different species after oral, intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration. At present there are neither documented clinical experiences of the use of fosfomycin in pigs nor any published studies in weaning piglets, although it is a period of high incidence of infectious diseases. The pharmacokinetics and the bioavailability of sodium fosfomycin were studied in post weaning piglets after intravenous and intramuscular administration of 15 mg/kg of body weight. Plasma concentrations were measured by a high-performance liquid ms/ms. After IV administration the area under the fosfomycin concentration:time curve in plasma was AUC(0-12) of 120.00 ± 23.12 μg h/ml and the volume of distribution (Vd) of 273.00 ± 40.70 ml/kg. The elimination was rapid with a plasma clearance of 131.50 ± 30.07 ml/kg/h and a T(1/2) of 1.54 ± 0.40 h. Peak serum concentration (Cmax), Tmax, AUC(0-12) and bioavailability for the IM administration were 43.00 ± 4.10 μg/ml, 0.75 ± 0.00 h, 99.00 ± 0.70 μg h/ml and 85.5 ± 9.90% respectively. Different authors have determined a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) ranging from 0.25 μg/ml for Streptococcus sp. and 0.5 μg/ml for Escherichia coli. Considering the above, and according to the values of plasma concentration vs time profiles observed in this study, effective plasma concentrations of fosfomycin for sensitive bacteria can be obtained following IV and IM administration of 15 mg/kg in piglets., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Disposition of suprofen enantiomers in the cat.
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Castro EF, Soraci AL, Franci R, Fogel FA, and Tapia MO
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- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal blood, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal urine, Bile metabolism, Isomerism, Male, Species Specificity, Suprofen blood, Suprofen urine, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacokinetics, Cats metabolism, Suprofen pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Suprofen (SPF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which belongs to the 2-arylpropionic acids subclass. As a result of their chiral characteristics, these compounds have shown a marked enantioselective behaviour with a high degree of interspecies variation. They are mainly eliminated by glucuronidation. Plasma, biliary and urine disposition of SPF was investigated in the cat after intravenous administration of the racemate (dose 2 mg/kg). Both enantiomers exhibited similar disposition profiles in plasma with no evidence of chiral inversion. During bile sampling time, recovered acylglucuronides of R (-) and S (+) SPF were less than 1% of the total dose administered. Only free SPF was recovered in the urine, representing 0.12% of the administered racemic SPF dose. The results indicate that neither chiral inversion nor glucuronidation predominate in SPF disposition in cats., (Copyright Harcourt Publishers Ltd.)
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- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Liver necrosis induced by Wedelia glauca in rats. A light and electron microscopy study.
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Tapia MO, Cravero A, Cadenazzi GE, and Koch O
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- Alanine Transaminase blood, Animals, Aspartate Aminotransferases blood, Chromatin metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Endoplasmic Reticulum drug effects, Endoplasmic Reticulum metabolism, Endoplasmic Reticulum ultrastructure, Injections, Intraperitoneal, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase blood, Liver ultrastructure, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Mitochondria, Liver drug effects, Mitochondria, Liver pathology, Mitochondria, Liver ultrastructure, Necrosis, Plant Extracts administration & dosage, Plant Extracts metabolism, Plant Poisoning etiology, Plant Poisoning pathology, Plant Poisoning veterinary, Plants, Toxic, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Ribosomes metabolism, Tissue Distribution, Liver pathology, Plant Extracts toxicity
- Abstract
Clinical, pathological and ultrastructural changes in rats injected ip with extracts of Wedelia glauca are described. Macroscopic changes were congested livers with accentuated centrilobular vascular patterns. Microscopic hepatic lesions had variable degrees of degeneration and lytic necrosis of centrilobular hepatocytes. Ultrastructural liver changes were condensation of nuclear chromatin with loss of perinuclear membranes, enlargement of mitochondria with alteration of limiting membranes, disappearance of cristae and matrical rarefaction. The endoplasmic reticulum was dilated with detachment of ribosomes. Serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were increased.
- Published
- 1996
20. Effects of long-term zearalenone administration on spermatogenesis and serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin values in male rats.
- Author
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Milano GD, Becú-Villalobos D, and Tapia MO
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- Animals, Male, Organ Size, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Reference Values, Sertoli Cells physiology, Spermatids cytology, Spermatids drug effects, Spermatocytes cytology, Spermatocytes drug effects, Spermatogonia cytology, Spermatogonia drug effects, Spermatozoa drug effects, Testis drug effects, Time Factors, Zearalenone administration & dosage, Follicle Stimulating Hormone blood, Luteinizing Hormone blood, Prolactin blood, Sertoli Cells drug effects, Spermatogenesis drug effects, Spermatozoa cytology, Zearalenone pharmacology
- Abstract
Body and testis weights, serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin values and volume fractions of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, early and late primary spermatocytes, and round and long spermatids were evaluated in 70-day-old male rates treated orally with 20 mg of zearalenone/kg of body weight daily for 5 weeks. Significant (P < 0.05) increase in serum prolactin concentration was consistently observed during the 5 weeks of treatment with zearalenone. Significant changes were not observed in any of the other variables evaluated.
- Published
- 1995
21. An outbreak of hepatogenous photosensitization in sheep grazing Tribulus terrestris in Argentina.
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Tapia MO, Giordano MA, and Gueper HG
- Subjects
- Animals, Argentina epidemiology, Liver pathology, Liver Diseases epidemiology, Photosensitivity Disorders epidemiology, Plant Poisoning epidemiology, Sheep, Disease Outbreaks veterinary, Liver Diseases veterinary, Photosensitivity Disorders veterinary, Plant Poisoning veterinary, Sheep Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
An outbreak of hepatogenous photosensitization occurred in 40% of sheep grazing Tribulus terrestris in southern Buenos Aires province. Postmortem examinations revealed diffuse jaundice and ochre discoloration of the liver. Histopathological liver lesions consisted of fibroplasia, periductular lamellar fibrosis, hyperplasia of small bile ducts and diffuse swelling of hepatocytes. A crystalloid material was observed in some bile ducts. Aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltransferase serum activities were elevated in all tested animals while serum bilirubin content was elevated only in the most severely affected sheep. These findings are consistent with reports of geeldikkop, a photosensitivity of sheep which occurs in South Africa and Australia.
- Published
- 1994
22. [Identification of the mycotoxin zearalenone in Argentina].
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López TA and Tapia MO
- Subjects
- Argentina, Food Microbiology, Fusarium metabolism, Edible Grain analysis, Food Analysis, Resorcinols analysis, Zearalenone analysis
- Abstract
Zearalenone, an estrogenic toxin produced by several Fusarium sp., was detected by two chromatographic methods in grain and food samples from several farms of th Buenos Aires Province. Suspected zearalenone spots were identified by comparing their Rf against that of the pure substance, by their change of behaviour under ultraviolet light of different wavelengths, by comparing the Rf against a standard preparation after thin layer chromatography in four different solvent systems, and by color reactions obtained after spraying reagents on the thin layer chromatographic plates. Sixteen of 55 samples were positive, with concentrations of the toxin ranging from 200 ppb to 750 ppb. Only Fusarium graminearum was isolated from eleven of these samples, indicating that the fungus was inactivated by heat or antifungal treatments.
- Published
- 1980
23. A quantitative thin layer chromatography method for the analysis of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, T-2 toxin and sterigmatocystin in foodstuffs.
- Author
-
Tapia MO
- Subjects
- Aflatoxins analysis, Animals, Humans, Ochratoxins analysis, T-2 Toxin analysis, Zearalenone analysis, Animal Feed analysis, Chromatography, Thin Layer methods, Edible Grain analysis, Mycotoxins analysis
- Abstract
A simple multimycotoxin analytical method was devised for the assay of 8 mycotoxins in foodstuff samples. The procedure consisted in the extraction of the samples with acetonitrile-4% KCl with the addition of HCl, defating with hexane and final extraction with methylene chloride. The mycotoxins were separated by bidimensional thin layer chromatography. The recovery was higher than 80% for all the mycotoxins. The limits of detection were 1.2 micrograms aflatoxins, 5 micrograms ochratoxin A, 20 micrograms sterigmatocystin, 100 micrograms T-2 toxin and 100 micrograms zearalenone/kg.
- Published
- 1985
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