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1. Al doped graphene: A promising material for hydrogen storage at room temperature

Author

Ao, Z. M., Jiang, Q., Zhang, R. Q., Tan, T. T., and Li, S.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

A promising material for hydrogen storage at room temperature-Al doped graphene was proposed theoretically by using density functional theory calculation. Hydrogen storage capacity of 5.13 wt% was predicted at T = 300 K and P = 0.1 Gpa with adsorption energy Eb = -0.260 eV/H2. This is close to the target of 6 wt% and satisfies the requirement of immobilization hydrogen with Eb of -0.2 ~ -0.4 eV/H2 at ambient temperature and modest pressure for commercial applications specified by U.S. Department of Energy. It is believed that the doped Al varies the electronic structures of both C and H2. The bands of H2 overlapping with those of Al and C synchronously are the underlying mechanism of hydrogen storage capacity enhancement., Comment: 20 pages, 2 tables, and 5 figures

Published
2008
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7. Loss-of-function mutations in UDP-Glucose 6-Dehydrogenase cause recessive developmental epileptic encephalopathy

Author

Hengel, H. (Holger), Bosso-Lefèvre, C. (Célia), Grady, G. (George), Szenker-Ravi, E. (Emmanuelle), Li, H. (Hankun), Pierce, S. (Sarah), Lebigot, É. (Élise), Tan, T.-T. (Thong-Teck), Eio, M.Y. (Michelle Y.), Narayanan, G. (Gunaseelan), Utami, K.H. (Kagistia Hana), Yau, M. (Monica), Handal, N. (Nader), Deigendesch, W. (Werner), Keimer, R. (Reinhard), Marzouqa, H.M. (Hiyam M.), Gunay-Aygun, M. (Meral), Muriello, M.J. (Michael J.), Verhelst, H. (H.), Weckhuysen, S. (Sarah), Mahida, S. (Sonal), Naidu, S. (Sakkubai), Thomas, T.G. (Terrence G.), Lim, J.Y. (Jiin Ying), Tan, E.S. (Ee Shien), Haye, D. (Damien), Willemsen, M.A. (Michél), Oegema, R. (Renske), Mitchell, W.G. (Wendy G.), Pierson, T.M. (Tyler Mark), Andrews, M.V. (Marisa V.), Willing, M.C. (Marcia C.), Rodan, L.H. (Lance H.), Barakat, T.S. (Tahsin Stefan), Slegtenhorst, M.A. (Marjon) van, Gavrilova, R.H. (Ralitza H.), Martinelli, D. (Diego), Gilboa, T. (Tal), Tamim, A.M. (Abdullah M.), Hashem, M.O. (Mais O.), AlSayed, M.D. (Moeenaldeen D.), Abdulrahim, M.M. (Maha M.), Al-Owain, M. (Mohammed), Awaji, A. (Ali), Mahmoud, A.A.H. (Adel A. H.), Faqeih, E.A. (Eissa A.), Asmari, A.A. (Ali Al), Algain, S.M. (Sulwan M.), Jad, L.A. (Lamyaa A.), Aldhalaan, H.M. (Hesham M.), Helbig, I. (Ingo), Koolen, D.A. (David), Rieß, A. (Angelika), Kraegeloh-Mann, I. (Ingeborg), Bauer, P. (Peter), Gulsuner, S. (Suleyman), Stamberger, H. (Hannah), Ng, A.Y.J. (Alvin Yu Jin), Tang, S. (Sha), Tohari, S. (Sumanty), Keren, B. (Boris), Schultz-Rogers, L.E. (Laura E.), Klee, E.W. (Eric W.), Barresi, S. (Sabina), Tartaglia, M. (Marco), Mor-Shaked, H. (Hagar), Maddirevula, S. (Sateesh), Begtrup, A. (Amber), Telegrafi, A. (Aida), Pfundt, R. (Rolph), Schüle, R. (Rebecca), Ciruna, B. (Brian), Bonnard, C. (Carine), Pouladi, M.A. (Mahmoud A.), Stewart, J.C. (James C.), Claridge-Chang, A. (Adam), Lefeber, D.J. (Dirk J.), Alkuraya, F.S. (Fowzan S), Mathuru, A.S. (Ajay S.), Venkatesh, B. (Byrappa), Barycki, J.J. (Joseph J.), Simpson, M.A. (Melanie A.), Jamuar, S.S. (Saumya S.), Schöls, L. (Ludger), Reversade, B. (Bruno), Hengel, H. (Holger), Bosso-Lefèvre, C. (Célia), Grady, G. (George), Szenker-Ravi, E. (Emmanuelle), Li, H. (Hankun), Pierce, S. (Sarah), Lebigot, É. (Élise), Tan, T.-T. (Thong-Teck), Eio, M.Y. (Michelle Y.), Narayanan, G. (Gunaseelan), Utami, K.H. (Kagistia Hana), Yau, M. (Monica), Handal, N. (Nader), Deigendesch, W. (Werner), Keimer, R. (Reinhard), Marzouqa, H.M. (Hiyam M.), Gunay-Aygun, M. (Meral), Muriello, M.J. (Michael J.), Verhelst, H. (H.), Weckhuysen, S. (Sarah), Mahida, S. (Sonal), Naidu, S. (Sakkubai), Thomas, T.G. (Terrence G.), Lim, J.Y. (Jiin Ying), Tan, E.S. (Ee Shien), Haye, D. (Damien), Willemsen, M.A. (Michél), Oegema, R. (Renske), Mitchell, W.G. (Wendy G.), Pierson, T.M. (Tyler Mark), Andrews, M.V. (Marisa V.), Willing, M.C. (Marcia C.), Rodan, L.H. (Lance H.), Barakat, T.S. (Tahsin Stefan), Slegtenhorst, M.A. (Marjon) van, Gavrilova, R.H. (Ralitza H.), Martinelli, D. (Diego), Gilboa, T. (Tal), Tamim, A.M. (Abdullah M.), Hashem, M.O. (Mais O.), AlSayed, M.D. (Moeenaldeen D.), Abdulrahim, M.M. (Maha M.), Al-Owain, M. (Mohammed), Awaji, A. (Ali), Mahmoud, A.A.H. (Adel A. H.), Faqeih, E.A. (Eissa A.), Asmari, A.A. (Ali Al), Algain, S.M. (Sulwan M.), Jad, L.A. (Lamyaa A.), Aldhalaan, H.M. (Hesham M.), Helbig, I. (Ingo), Koolen, D.A. (David), Rieß, A. (Angelika), Kraegeloh-Mann, I. (Ingeborg), Bauer, P. (Peter), Gulsuner, S. (Suleyman), Stamberger, H. (Hannah), Ng, A.Y.J. (Alvin Yu Jin), Tang, S. (Sha), Tohari, S. (Sumanty), Keren, B. (Boris), Schultz-Rogers, L.E. (Laura E.), Klee, E.W. (Eric W.), Barresi, S. (Sabina), Tartaglia, M. (Marco), Mor-Shaked, H. (Hagar), Maddirevula, S. (Sateesh), Begtrup, A. (Amber), Telegrafi, A. (Aida), Pfundt, R. (Rolph), Schüle, R. (Rebecca), Ciruna, B. (Brian), Bonnard, C. (Carine), Pouladi, M.A. (Mahmoud A.), Stewart, J.C. (James C.), Claridge-Chang, A. (Adam), Lefeber, D.J. (Dirk J.), Alkuraya, F.S. (Fowzan S), Mathuru, A.S. (Ajay S.), Venkatesh, B. (Byrappa), Barycki, J.J. (Joseph J.), Simpson, M.A. (Melanie A.), Jamuar, S.S. (Saumya S.), Schöls, L. (Ludger), and Reversade, B. (Bruno)

Abstract

Developmental epileptic encephalopathies are devastating disorders characterized by intractable epileptic seizures and developmental delay. Here, we report an allelic series of germline recessive mutations in UGDH in 36 cases from 25 families presenting with epileptic encephalopathy with developmental delay and hypotonia. UGDH encodes an oxidoreductase that converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid, a key component of specific proteoglycans and glycolipids. Consistent with being loss-of-function alleles, we show using patients’ primary fibroblasts and biochemical assays, that these mutations either impair UGDH stability, oligomerization, or enzymatic activity. In vitro, patient-derived cerebral organoids are smaller with a reduced number of proliferating neuronal progenitors while mutant ugdh zebrafish do not phenocopy the human disease. Our study defines UGDH as a key player for the production of extracellular matrix components that are essential for human brain development. Based on the incidence of variants observed, UGDH mutations are likely to be a frequent cause of recessive epileptic encephalopathy.

Published
2020
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8. Loss-of-function mutations in UDP-Glucose 6-Dehydrogenase cause recessive developmental epileptic encephalopathy

Author

Reversade, Bruno, Hengel, H.; Bosso-Lefèvre, C.; Grady, G.; Szenker-Ravi, E.; Li, H.; Pierce, S.; Lebigot, É.; Tan, T.-T.; Eio, M.Y.; Narayanan, G.; Utami, K.H.; Yau, M.; Handal, N.; Deigendesch, W.; Keimer, R.; Marzouqa, H.M.; Gunay-Aygun, M.; Muriello, M.J.; Verhelst, H.; Weckhuysen, S.; Mahida, S.; Naidu, S.; Thomas, T.G.; Lim, J.Y.; Tan, E.S.; Haye, D.; Willemsen, M.A.A.P.; Oegema, R.; Mitchell, W.G.; Pierson, T.M.; Andrews, M.V.; Willing, M.C.; Rodan, L.H.; Barakat, T.S.; van Slegtenhorst, M.; Gavrilova, R.H.; Martinelli, D.; Gilboa, T.; Tamim, A.M.; Hashem, M.O.; AlSayed, M.D.; Abdulrahim, M.M.; Al-Owain, M.; Awaji, A.; Mahmoud, A.A.H.; Faqeih, E.A.; Asmari, A.A.; Algain, S.M.; Jad, L.A.; Aldhalaan, H.M.; Helbig, I.; Koolen, D.A.; Riess, A.; Kraegeloh-Mann, I.; Bauer, P.; Gulsuner, S.; Stamberger, H.; Ng, A.Y.J.; Tang, S.; Tohari, S.; Keren, B.; Schultz-Rogers, L.E.; Klee, E.W.; Barresi, S.; Tartaglia, M.; Mor-Shaked, H.; Maddirevula, S.; Begtrup, A.; Telegrafi, A.; Pfundt, R.; Schüle, R.; Ciruna, B.; Bonnard, C.; Pouladi, M.A.; Stewart, J.C.; Claridge-Chang, A.; Lefeber, D.J.; Alkuraya, F.S.; Mathuru, A.S.; Venkatesh, B.; Barycki, J.J.; Simpson, M.A.; Jamuar, S.S.; Schöls, L, School of Medicine, Reversade, Bruno, Hengel, H.; Bosso-Lefèvre, C.; Grady, G.; Szenker-Ravi, E.; Li, H.; Pierce, S.; Lebigot, É.; Tan, T.-T.; Eio, M.Y.; Narayanan, G.; Utami, K.H.; Yau, M.; Handal, N.; Deigendesch, W.; Keimer, R.; Marzouqa, H.M.; Gunay-Aygun, M.; Muriello, M.J.; Verhelst, H.; Weckhuysen, S.; Mahida, S.; Naidu, S.; Thomas, T.G.; Lim, J.Y.; Tan, E.S.; Haye, D.; Willemsen, M.A.A.P.; Oegema, R.; Mitchell, W.G.; Pierson, T.M.; Andrews, M.V.; Willing, M.C.; Rodan, L.H.; Barakat, T.S.; van Slegtenhorst, M.; Gavrilova, R.H.; Martinelli, D.; Gilboa, T.; Tamim, A.M.; Hashem, M.O.; AlSayed, M.D.; Abdulrahim, M.M.; Al-Owain, M.; Awaji, A.; Mahmoud, A.A.H.; Faqeih, E.A.; Asmari, A.A.; Algain, S.M.; Jad, L.A.; Aldhalaan, H.M.; Helbig, I.; Koolen, D.A.; Riess, A.; Kraegeloh-Mann, I.; Bauer, P.; Gulsuner, S.; Stamberger, H.; Ng, A.Y.J.; Tang, S.; Tohari, S.; Keren, B.; Schultz-Rogers, L.E.; Klee, E.W.; Barresi, S.; Tartaglia, M.; Mor-Shaked, H.; Maddirevula, S.; Begtrup, A.; Telegrafi, A.; Pfundt, R.; Schüle, R.; Ciruna, B.; Bonnard, C.; Pouladi, M.A.; Stewart, J.C.; Claridge-Chang, A.; Lefeber, D.J.; Alkuraya, F.S.; Mathuru, A.S.; Venkatesh, B.; Barycki, J.J.; Simpson, M.A.; Jamuar, S.S.; Schöls, L, and School of Medicine

Abstract

Developmental epileptic encephalopathies are devastating disorders characterized by intractable epileptic seizures and developmental delay. Here, we report an allelic series of germline recessive mutations in UGDH in 36 cases from 25 families presenting with epileptic encephalopathy with developmental delay and hypotonia. UGDH encodes an oxidoreductase that converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid, a key component of specific proteoglycans and glycolipids. Consistent with being loss-of-function alleles, we show using patients’ primary fibroblasts and biochemical assays, that these mutations either impair UGDH stability, oligomerization, or enzymatic activity. In vitro, patient-derived cerebral organoids are smaller with a reduced number of proliferating neuronal progenitors while mutant ugdh zebrafish do not phenocopy the human disease. Our study defines UGDH as a key player for the production of extracellular matrix components that are essential for human brain development. Based on the incidence of variants observed, UGDH mutations are likely to be a frequent cause of recessive epileptic encephalopathy., German Research Foundation (DFG); European Union (European Union); NEUROMICS Network; International Coordination Action (ICA); Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (ZONMW VIDI); National Medical Research Council, Singapore; A Strategic Positioning Fund on Genetic Orphan Diseases (GODAFIT); Industry Alignment Fund on Singapore Childhood Undiagnosed Diseases Program (SUREKids); Biomedical Research Council, A*STAR; Diana and Steve Marienhoff Fashion Industries Guild Endowed Fellowship in Pediatric Neuromuscular Diseases; Fondazione Bambino Gesù (Vite Coraggiose); Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Eurocores Program EuroEPINOMICS; University of Antwerp Research Fund; FRAXA Foundation; Brain & Behavior Research Foundation, NARSAD Young Investigator Grant

Published
2020

15. Al doped graphene: A promising material for hydrogen storage at room temperature.

Author

Ao, Z. M., Jiang, Q., Zhang, R. Q., Tan, T. T., and Li, S.

Subjects
HYDROGEN, ADSORPTION (Chemistry), BINDING energy, ELECTRONIC structure, DENSITY functionals
Abstract

A promising material for hydrogen storage at room temperature–Al doped graphene is proposed theoretically by using density functional theory calculation. Hydrogen storage capacity of 5.13 wt % is predicted at T=300 K and P=0.1 GPa with an adsorption energy Eb=-0.260 eV/H2. This is close to the target specified by U.S. Department of Energy with a storage capacity of 6 wt % and a binding energy of -0.2 to -0.4 eV/H2 at ambient temperature and modest pressure for commercial applications. It is believed that the doped Al alters the electronic structures of both C and H2. The bands of H2 overlapping with those of Al and C simultaneously are the underlying mechanism of hydrogen storage capacity enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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21. NLRP3 inflammasome pathway has a critical role in the host immunity against clinically relevant Acinetobacter baumanniipulmonary infection

Author

Dikshit, N, Kale, S D, Khameneh, H J, Balamuralidhar, V, Tang, C Y, Kumar, P, Lim, T P, Tan, T T, Kwa, A L, Mortellaro, A, and Sukumaran, B

Abstract

The opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii(AB) is a leading cause of life-threatening nosocomial pneumonia. Outbreaks of multidrug resistant (MDR)-AB belonging to international clones (ICs) I and II with limited treatment options are major global health threats. However, the pathogenesis mechanisms of various AB clonal groups are understudied. Although inflammation-associated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and IL-1 receptor antagonist polymorphisms were previously implicated in MDR-AB-related pneumonia in patients, whether inflammasomes has any role in the host defense and/or pathogenesis of clinically relevant A. baumanniiinfection is unknown. Using a sublethal mouse pneumonia model, we demonstrate that an extensively drug-resistant clinical isolate (ICII) of A. baumanniiexhibits reduced/delayed early pulmonary neutrophil recruitment, higher lung persistence, and, most importantly, elicits enhanced IL-1β/IL-18 production and lung damage through NLRP3 inflammasome, in comparison with A. baumannii-type strain. A. baumanniiinfection-induced IL-1β/IL-18 production is entirely dependent on NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1/caspase-11 pathway. Using Nlrp3−/−mice infection models, we further show that while NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to host defense against A. baumanniiclinical isolate, it is dispensable for protection against A. baumannii-type strain. Our study reveals a novel differential role for NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in the immunity against clinically relevant A. baumanniiinfections, and highlights inflammasome pathway as a potential immunomodulatory target.

Published
2018
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23. Intense vortex pinning enhanced by semicrystalline defect traps in self-aligned nanostructured MgB2

Author

Li, S., White, T., Laursen, K., Tan, T. T., Sun, C. Q., Dong, Z. L., Li, Y., Zho, S. H., Horvat, J., Dou, S. X., Li, S., White, T., Laursen, K., Tan, T. T., Sun, C. Q., Dong, Z. L., Li, Y., Zho, S. H., Horvat, J., and Dou, S. X.

Abstract

In this work, we report the discovery of a vortex pinning source: semicrystalline defect wells in self-aligned nanostructured MgB2. It is demonstrated that these aperiodic regions trap numerous crystal defects migrating along nanodomain boundaries during self-alignment and act as intense vortex pinning centers that significantly enhance the high-field performance of MgB2. This suggests that the density of trapped defects in the wells is much greater than that found in other vortex pinning sources.

Published
2003

29. Intrinsic nanostructural domains: Possible origin of weaklinkless superconductivity in the quenched reaction product of Mg and amorphous B

Author

Li, S., Prabhakar, O., Tan, T. T., Sun, C. Q., Wang, Xiaolin, Soltanian, Saeid, Horvat, J., Dou, S. X., Li, S., Prabhakar, O., Tan, T. T., Sun, C. Q., Wang, Xiaolin, Soltanian, Saeid, Horvat, J., and Dou, S. X.

Abstract

Smooth modulation structure of Mg–B alloy in the quenched reaction product of Mg and amorphous B was studied. It indicates that the MgB2 formed possibly in spinodal decomposition, thus resulting in MgB2 nanodomains. It was found that the nanodomains with small angle boundaries of atomic-scale width were distributed within the subgrains that constitute the clusters in MgB2 grains. This nanostructural characteristic may be intrinsic in the quenched reaction product of Mg and amorphous B. It makes the nanodomain boundaries not act as barriers to the current percolation path, thus exhibiting no weak-link problem in the MgB2.

Published
2002

35. An Automated Security Response Robot

Author

SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA, Ciccimaro, D. A., Everett, H. R., Gilbreath, G. A., Tan, T. T., SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA, Ciccimaro, D. A., Everett, H. R., Gilbreath, G. A., and Tan, T. T.

Abstract

ROBART III is intended as an advanced demonstration platform for non-lethal response measures, extending the concepts of reflexive teleoperation into the realm of coordinated weapons control (i.e., sensor-aided control of mobility, camera, and weapon functions) in law enforcement and urban warfare scenarios. A rich mix of ultrasonic and optical proximity and range sensors facilitates remote operation in unstructured and unexplored buildings with minimal operator supervision. Autonomous navigation and mapping of interior spaces is significantly enhanced by an innovative algorithm which exploits the fact that the majority of man-made structures are characterized by (but not limited to) parallel and orthogonal walls. Extremely robust intruder detection and assessment capabilities are achieved through intelligent fusion of a multitude of inputs from various onboard motion sensors. Intruder detection is addressed by a 360-degree staring array of passive-infrared motion detectors, augmented by a number of positionable head-mounted sensors (i.e., sonar, microwave, video). Automatic camera tracking of a moving target is accomplished using a video line digitizer. Non-lethal response systems include a six-barreled pneumatically-powered Gatling gun, high-powered strobe lights, and three ear-piercing 103-decibel sirens. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of ROBART III's supervised autonomous navigation, intruder tracking, and non-lethal weapon and control systems., Professional paper.

Published
1998

42. Mutation Analysis of theMEN1Gene in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1, Familial Acromegaly and Familial Isolated Hyperparathyroidism1

Author

Teh, B. T., primary, Kytölä, S., additional, Farnebo, F., additional, Bergman, L., additional, Wong, F. K., additional, Weber, G., additional, Hayward, N., additional, Larsson, C., additional, Skogseid, B., additional, Beckers, A., additional, Phelan, C., additional, Edwards, M., additional, Epstein, M., additional, Alford, F., additional, Hurley, D., additional, Grimmond, S., additional, Silins, G., additional, Walters, M., additional, Stewart, C., additional, Cardinal, J., additional, Khodaei, S., additional, Parente, F., additional, Tranebjærg, L., additional, Jorde, R., additional, Menon, J., additional, Khir, A., additional, Tan, T. T., additional, Chan, S. P., additional, Zaini, A., additional, Khalid, B. A. K., additional, Sandelin, K., additional, Thompson, N., additional, Brandi, M.-L., additional, Warth, M., additional, Stock, J., additional, Leisti, J., additional, Cameron, D., additional, Shepherd, J. J., additional, Öberg, K., additional, Nordenskjöld, M., additional, and Salmela, P., additional

Published
1998
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44. Severe adenovirus pneumonia requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support -- Serotype 7 revisited.

Author

Low, S. Y., Tan, T. T., Lee, C. H. K., Loo, C. M., and Chew, H. C.

Abstract

Introduction: Adenovirus causing severe fatal pneumonia has been well described in infants, children, and patients with immunocompromised function, but reports in previously healthy adults are rare. We report 3 cases of severe adenovirus pneumonia in whom conventional mechanical ventilation failed and required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Methods: Retrospective case records review of 3 patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit, Singapore General Hospital, a tertiary care university-affiliated hospital, with severe adenovirus pneumonia requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support from February to March 2013. Results: All 3 patients were previously healthy immunocompetent adults from the community with negative HIV serology. Duration prior to development of respiratory failure requiring intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation was 2, 8 and 3 days. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support as rescue ventilation was instituted in all 3 patients after 2, 16, and 5 days of conventional mechanical ventilator support. Duration on ECMO support was 16, 22, and 9 days and mechanical ventilation was 18, 62, and 19 days respectively. Length of stay in intensive care unit was 18, 68, and 21 days, and length of stay in hospital was 20, 70, and 31 days respectively. Two of the 3 patients died. Conclusion: The mainstay of treatment for patients with severe adenovirus pneumonia is still supportive, with the use of antivirals not apparently effective. Whilst ECMO support for rescue ventilation may be considered, the outcomes do not appear as promising as other viral pneumonias, mirroring that previously described in the paediatric population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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49. 31,781 cases of non-surgical female sterilisation with quinacrine pellets in Vietnam.

Author

Hieu, D T, Tan, T T, Tan, D N, Nguyet, P T, Than, P, and Vinh, D Q

Abstract

The quinacrine method of non-surgical female sterilisation involves transcervical intrauterine insertion of 252 mg quinacrine as pellets during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle; the drug causes inflammation and fibrosis of the proximal fallopian tube. We have carried out a field trial of 31,781 cases in twenty-four provinces of Vietnam from Jan 2, 1989, until October, 1992. There were 818 pregnancies after the procedure, of which 80 were carried to term. Some women received only one dose of quinacrine; the majority received two doses with an interval of one month. Cumulative life-table pregnancy rates per 100 women at 1 year (for studies of at least 50 cases followed for 12 months) were 2.63 (SE 0.17) among 9461 women who received two doses and 5.15 (0.48) among 2225 who received only one dose. Failure rates (pregnancies) were strongly affected by the skill of the doctor or midwife. There were no deaths and only 8 serious complications were reported (0.03%); by contrast, in a similar series of women undergoing surgical sterilisation, 30 deaths and between 540 and 1812 serious complications would be expected. All reported side-effects were minor and of short duration. There were 19 ectopic pregnancies and the incidence was 0.89 per 1000 woman-years of use. There was one birth defect (anencephaly), in a fetus conceived 2.5 months after quinacrine insertions; however, we believe it is not related to the procedure. An estimated 242 maternal deaths will be averted by these 31,781 sterilizations. This method is safe and acceptably effective for female sterilisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1993
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