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4 results on '"Tamanna Kalam"'

1. Fencing Can Alter Gene Flow of Asian Elephant Populations within Protected Areas

Author

Jean-Philippe Puyravaud, Samuel A. Cushman, P. Anuradha Reddy, Durairaj Boominathan, Reeta Sharma, Neelakantan Arumugam, Kanagaraj Muthamizh Selvan, Nagarathinam Mohanraj, Sedupathy Arulmozhi, Abdul Rahim, Tamanna Kalam, Rahul De, Swati Udayraj, Andrea Luis, Muneer Ul Islam Najar, Kothandapani Raman, Bawa Mothilal Krishnakumar, Surendra Prakash Goyal, and Priya Davidar

Subjects
Asian elephant, slope, protected area, gene flow, connectivity, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

The Asian elephant is mostly confined to mountainous ranges and therefore risks population fragmentation if hard protected area (PA) boundaries near steep slopes prevent movement. We tested whether elephant gene flow is (i) controlled by slope and (ii) affected by the interplay between barriers and slope. We used 176 unique genotypes obtained non-invasively from fresh elephant dung to assess individual-by-individual genetic distance across the Western Ghats of India, a biodiversity hotspot. To assess landscape distance, 36 resistance models were produced by transforming a slope raster. Core areas and corridors were calculated from the raster that provided the best correlation between the genetic and distance matrices. The influence of the closure of PAs on gene flow was examined for one region, the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. The best resistance raster obtained by transforming the slope occupancy model was better than Euclidean distance for explaining genetic distance, indicating that slope partially controls gene flow. Fencing elephant PAs on hilly terrain reduces core areas and disrupts corridors. Consequently, hard PA boundaries abutting slopes can fragment elephant populations, but this can be ameliorated by protecting the adjacent flatter terrain.

Published
2022
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2. Spatial aggregation and specificity of incidents with wildlife make tea plantations in southern India potential buffers with protected areas

Author

Priya Davidar, Tamanna Kalam, Jean-Philippe Puyravaud, Rajeev K. Srivastava, and Tejesvini A. Puttaveeraswamy

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Geography, Agroforestry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Wildlife, Spatial aggregation, Animal Science and Zoology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Many wildlife species survive in human-modified landscapes and understanding the opinions of those who share space with wildlife will aid conservation efforts. Using a questionnaire, we assessed the presence of 12 mammal species in 78 tea plantations in the Nilgiris, southern India. We obtained data on (i) plantation size, location, and elevation, (ii) species presence over a year, (iii) type and number of wildlife incidents caused, (iv) financial cost of wildlife damage, and (v) support for wildlife conservation. We used a generalized linear model to assess whether the distance to protected areas, elevation, and plantation size influenced species presence and the effect of these variables and wildlife incidents on support for conservation. Among all species reported, Bonnet Macaque, Wild Boar, and Porcupine were the most widespread, and the former two and the Gaur reportedly caused >50% of damages. Crop damage was the most frequent (74%, n = 244), whereas livestock predation, attacks on people, and infrastructure damage constituted

Published
2020

4. Lethal Fence Electrocution: A Major Threat to Asian Elephants in Assam, India

Author

David Smith, Tamanna Kalam, and Hiten Kumar Baishya

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Fence (finance), education.field_of_study, Habitat fragmentation, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Population, musculoskeletal system, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, people.cause_of_death, Fishery, Electrocution, Food resources, Geography, Elephas, Habitat, Asian elephant, education, people, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

India has the largest population of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) worldwide. Habitat fragmentation and loss of habitat have diminished food resources, and wild elephants have resorted to raidin...

Published
2018

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