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The development of nanotechnology in the world is very rapid, and the applications of nanotechnology can be felt in various fields in everyday life. For instance, to control food, nanotechnology plays a role in creating early detection tools for food additives, which are known to be dangerous if consumed by humans in excess, such as the presence of colorants that are not permitted or food additives that exceed tolerance limits. Nanosensors based on screen print electrodes (SPE) are devices that can be used for detection with various notable properties such as fast, sensitive and portable. Seeing the importance of developing and down streaming nanotechnology to society, education regarding the role of nanotechnology needs to be carried out. In this activity, nanotechnology applied in the manufacture of nanosensor devices was introduced, especially to analysts at the drug and food control center and the health service. Apart from that, through this activity, sustainable collaboration can be established between the community service team who are researchers in the field of nanosensors and users in the field who are drug and food regulatory bodies, to develop nanosensor technology according to needs in the field. This activity will be carried out in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, specifically aimed at pharmacists and analysts in the drug and food control center, health service, and industry and trade service (Disperindag). This activity will include education about nanotechnology applications in various fields as well as a demonstration on the use of SPE-based naosensor devices. From this event, in future the analyst may do the analysis in field without waiting long time analysis in laboratory. From this community service activities, scientific articles and publications can be produced in print/electronic media, as well as videos of community service activities, in accordance with the main performance indicators determined nationally.

Cocrystal of p-Methoxycinnamate acid-succinic acid has been produced by microwave irradiation and solvent evaporation methods. Cocrystals are formed using succinic acid as the coformer at a molar ratio of 1:1. The formation of cocrystal can be done by solvent evaporation method and microwave radiation method. Physicochemical properties have been studied by FT-IR, DSC, PXRD, and SEM analysis. The solubility test was carried out with pH 6.8 phosphate buffer at a temperature of 25±0.5°C for 5 hours and the dissolution test was carried out with 900 mL pH 6.8 phosphate buffer at a temperature of 37±0.5°C with the speed of 75 rpm using a paddle-type dissolution test apparatus. The solubility of PMCA has increased its solubility in cocrystals by the solvent evaporation method by 1.19 times and by the microwave radiation method by 1.16 times compared to PMCA. The dissolution rate of the cocrystals of the solvent evaporation method increased by 3.50 times and the cocrystals of the microwave radiation method increased by 2.29 times compared to PMCA.

Leukemia is one of the ten types of cancer that causes the biggest death in the world. Compared to other types of cancer, leukemia has a low life expectancy, so an early diagnosis of the cancer is necessary. A new strategy has been developed to identify various leukemia biomarkers by making blood cancer biosensors, especially by developing nanomaterial applications so that they can improve the performance of the biosensor. Although many biosensors have been developed, the detection of leukemia by using nanomaterials with electrochemical and optical methods is still less carried out compare to other types of cancer biosensors. Even the acoustic and calorimetric testing methods for the detection of leukemia by utilizing nanomaterials have not yet been carried out. Most of the reviewed works reported the use of gold nanoparticles and electrochemical characterization methods for leukemia detection with the object of study being conventional cancer cells. In order to be used clinically by the community, future research must be carried out with a lot of patient blood objects, develop non-invasive leukemia detection, and be able to detect all types of blood cancer specifically with one biosensor. This can lead to a fast and accurate diagnosis thus allowing for early treatment and easy periodic condition monitoring for various types of leukemia based on its biomarker and future design controlable via internet of things (IoT) so that why would be monitoring real times.

The rich physical properties unveiled in a plethora of transition and rare-earth metal oxides have been attributed to the intricate interplays between the orbital, charge, and spin degrees of freedom. Among them, rare-earth manganites (RMnO3) have been attracting tremendous attention owing to the ionic size-induced lattice distortion dictated by the Goldschmidt tolerance factor and the substantial Jahn–Teller distortion unique to Mn3+ ions, which evidently have resulted in a variety of emergent characteristics in electronic, magnetic, and orbital ordering. In this work, we deliberately engineered the orientation of a series of orthorhombic YMnO3 (o-YMO) films grown on SrTiO3(100) [STO(100)] and SrTiO3(110) [STO(110)] substrates by means of pulsed laser deposition. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) and reciprocal space mapping revealed that o-YMO/STO(100) is c-axis-oriented and o-YMO/STO(110) is a-axis-oriented, respectively. The XRD ϕ-scans further indicate that both films have excellent in-plane crystallinity, allowing the exploration of anisotropies along the respective crystallographic orientations. Indeed, the x-ray absorption linear dichroism spectroscopy taken along the respective crystallographic orientations evidently exhibited substantial anisotropy. Theoretical fitting with configuration interaction cluster calculations suggests that the d3z2−r2 orbitals are parallel to YMO[001]/(100), leading to stronger electron scattering along the c-axis. Independent polarization-dependent Δ R/R spectra obtained using the femtosecond pump–probe method exhibited substantial anisotropic behaviors in carrier relaxation dynamics when probing along different crystallographic orientations, presumably due to orbital ordering anisotropies.

The transition from the pandemic period to normal again requires adaptation to habits, one of which is in learning, which was previously carried out online, now the learning model is offline again. Students are accustomed to using gadgets in their daily lives. Even in the current conditions, although the situation returns to its original state, adaptation is needed, one of which is in the learning model and making learning media to support teaching and learning activities. Therefore, in this study we propose the idea that the application of gamification in mobile learning using Case Based Learning is expected to make it easier for students to understand the material, increase students’ competitive spirit, and motivate students to learn. This research uses ADDIE which is an acronym for Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The trial was carried out by material and media tests, small group tests, and field tests. Data analysis in this study used descriptive statistical tests and qualitative analysis. On the results of the UEQ questionnaire test, the Attractiveness scale obtained a score of 1.60, the Perspicuity scale obtained a score of 2.00, the Efficiency scale obtained a score of 1.61, the Dependability scale obtained a score of 1.00, the Stimulation scale obtained a score of 1.14, and the Novelty scale obtained score 0.90. Based on the results of the UEQ questionnaire testing, the design improvement solution obtained a positive score and showed improvement compared to the initial evaluation. The development of mobile learning apps is expected to be a source of mathematics learning materials that are practical in nature and can be used anytime and anywhere by students.

BiFeO3 (BFO) is extensively studied multiferroic material that possible to be integrated in next generation spintronics device. In this present research, BFO has been epitaxially grown on SrTiO3 (STO) substrates having various crystal orientations; (100), (110), and (111). We found that the lattice matching hold a pivotal factor in the epitaxial stabilization of BFO thin film. We also found that the magnetic properties of BFO thin film having various crystal orientations at below room temperature are different due to several reason, such as strain effect and crystal orientations.

The unique properties of MXenes have been deemed to be of significant interest in various emerging applications. However, MXenes provide a major drawback involving environmentally harmful and toxic substances for its general fabrication in large-scale production and employing a high-temperature solid-state reaction followed by selective etching. Meanwhile, how MXenes are synthesized is essential in directing their end uses. Therefore, making strategic approaches to synthesize greener, safer, more sustainable, and more environmentally friendly MXenes is imperative to commercialize at a competitive price. With increasing reports of green synthesis that promote advanced technologies and non-toxic agents, it is critical to compile, summarize, and synthesize the latest development of the green-related technology of MXenes. We review the recent progress of greener, safer, and more sustainable MXene synthesis with a focus on the fundamental synthetic process, the mechanism, and the general advantages, and the emphasis on the MXene properties inherited from such green synthesis techniques. The emerging use of the so-called green MXenes in energy conversion and storage, environmental remediation, and biomedical applications is presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospects of greener MXene synthesis are discussed.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are becoming more prevalent in athletes. Anterior Cruciatum Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) surgery was used to treat ACL injuries and resulted in a recurrence rate of 94% due to the biomechanically repaired tissue being weaker than the original tissue. As a result, biodegradable artificial ligaments must be developed that can withstand mechanical stress during neoligament formation and stabilize the ACL. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of composition variations in polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) used as ACL nanofiber scaffolds on ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and modulus of elasticity, fiber diameter, cytotoxicity level, and degradation level, as well as the PLA-PCL concentration that provides the best value as an ACL scaffold. Electrospinning was used to fabricate the nanofiber scaffold with the following PLA-PCL compositions: A (100:0), B (85:15), C (80:20), D (70:30), and E (0:100) (wt%). The functional group test revealed no new peaks in any of the samples, and the ester group could be identified in the C-O bond at wave numbers 1300–1100 cm−1 and in the C=O bond at wave numbers 1750–1730 cm−1. The average fiber diameter, as determined by SEM morphology, is between 1000 and 2000 nm. The unbraided sample had a UTS range of 1.578–4.387 MPa and an elastic modulus range of 8.351–141.901 MPa, respectively, whereas the braided sample had a range of 0.879–1.863 MPa and 2.739–4.746 MPa. The higher the PCL composition, the lower the percentage of viable cells and the faster the sample degrades. All samples had a cell viability percentage greater than 60%, and samples C, D, and E had a complete degradation period greater than six months. The ideal scaffold, Sample C, was composed of PLA-PCL 80:20 (wt%), had an average fiber diameter of 827 ± 271 nm, a living cell percentage of 97.416 ± 5.079, and a degradation time of approximately 219 days.

To date, the search for creating stable ferrofluids with excellent properties for biomedical application is one of the challenging scientific and practical investigations. In this study, novel Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids from iron sand were synthesized using a double-layer method. The Fe3O4/Ag nanocomposites exhibited stable crystallite sizes of 11.8 12.1 nm and 36.8–37.2 nm for Fe3O4 and Ag, respectively. The lattice parameters of the spinel structure Fe3O4 and face-centered cubic Ag were respectively 8.344 Å and 4.091 Å. With increasing Ag amount, the crystallite phase of Ag in the nanocomposites increased from 40.2% to 77.2%. The XPS results confirmed that Fe3O4/Ag nanocomposites were successfully prepared, where Fe3O4 mixed well with Ag via strong ionic bonding. The FTIR results confirmed the presence of Fe3O4/Ag, oleic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide as the filler, first layer, and second layer, respectively. The as-prepared ferrofluids exhibited superparamagnetic behavior, where the saturation magnetization decreased with increasing Ag content. The Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids exhibited excellent antimicrobial performance against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. More importantly, the Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids decreased the progression of liver fibrosis-related inflammation and fibrogenic activity on hepatic stellate cells.

Synthetic scaffolding for bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been widely utilized. The scaffold for BTE requires sufficient porosity as a template for bone cell development and growth so that it can be used in the treatment of bone defects and fractures. Nevertheless, the porosity significantly influences the compressive strength of the scaffold. Hence, controlling the porosity is a pivotal role to obtain a proper scaffold for practical BTE application. Herein, we fabricated the nanocomposite-based scaffold utilizing nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA). The scaffold was prepared in combination with chitosan (Ch) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The ratios of n-HA, Ch, and CMC used were 40:60:0, 40:55:5, 40:50:10, 40:45:15, and 40:40:20, respectively. By controlling the Ch and CMC composition, we can tune the porosity of the nanocomposite. We found that the interpolation of the CMC prevails, as a crosslinker reinforces the nanocomposite. In addition, the binding to Ch enhanced the compressive strength of the scaffold. Thermal characteristics revealed the coefficient of thermal expansion decreases with increasing CMC content. The nanocomposite does not expand at 25–75 °C, which is suitable for human body temperature. Therefore, this nanocomposite-based scaffold is feasible for BTE application.

Saat ini, konsep data mining semakin dikenal sebagai tools penting dalam manajemen informasi karena jumlah informasi yang semakin besar jumlahnya. Salah satu teknik yang dikenal dalam data mining adalah clustering, berupa proses pengelompokan sejumlah data atau objek ke dalam cluster (group) sehingga setiap dalam cluster tersebut akan berisi data yang semirip mungkin dan berbeda dengan objek dalam cluster yang lainnya. Clustering memiliki dua metode, yaitu partisi dan hierarki. Dua metode ini memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing, dan dengan menggabungkan keduanya dapat diperoleh hasil cluster yang lebih baik. Dari hasil cluster dengan menggunakan data problem Kerja Praktek Jurusan Teknik Industri ITS, maka diperoleh hasil bahwa gabungan metode Single Linkage Clustering dan K-means memberikan hasil cluster yang lebih baik dengan parameter uji cluster variance dan metode silhouette coefisien.

This is a study conducted on the works in the field of children's literature by Ferda Izbudak Akinci who has achieved important goals and created works in the field of children's literature. It has become necessary to conduct the study due to the fact that the author and her works had not been studied with a comprehensive analysis, and the element of water used frequently and functionally in her works has reached remarkable dimensions. We determined the sample group randomly selected among the works of the author in the field of children's literature, in order to determine with which functions the element of water appeared or did not. In the study, we used document analysis as a qualitative research method. We obtained various codes related to the element of water in the documents analysed. These are; rescue, revival, relief and entertainment. In the traditional sense, we observed that mother figure was created based on the element of water; missing parents were replaced with the nature. However, given that the mother figure is not just any random mother, her attributes reach up to supernal dimensions; we believe that the author intended to create a "mother goddess" from a species existing in the form of "Kybele". Since the works contain not only the good aspects of water, but also the destructive sides, we have concluded that god-like aspect of water is completed by using a punishing structure. Water's having protection and auxiliary elements bonded to it, and accepting the natural formations hosting water as sanctuaries can be listed among grounds of our conclusion. [Paper presented at Children's Literature Association Conference (2018).]

Food safety, particularly concerning foods contaminated by toxic chemicals, has emerged as a pervasive societal concern. The prevalence of food contaminants has spurred both scientific communities and industries to develop highly sensitive and selective sensors for rapid and precise food authentication. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered significant attention in this regard due to their exceptional properties, including high sensitivity, selectivity, stability, target binding affinity, and versatility for modification to detect specific contaminants. Moreover, the readout of such sensors is relatively straightforward, as their resulting color change can be observed with the naked eye. This Review aims to delve into the current strategies involving various noble metal NPs as colorimetric nanosensors in food safety monitoring applications. It begins by elucidating their working principles, encompassing localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), enzyme-based approaches, and other methodologies. Subsequently, the material properties of commonly utilized noble metal NPs, including those of gold, silver, palladium, platinum, and copper, are meticulously examined, providing comprehensive overviews of the benefits and drawbacks associated with each material. Furthermore, this Review summarizes the latest use cases of noble metal NPs in diverse food safety monitoring applications, ranging from the detection of heavy metal contaminants to veterinary and pesticide drug residues and foodborne pathogens. Lastly, it addresses the remaining challenges in this field and proposes feasible solutions, offering insights into future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]