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Cultural tourism, which includes the values of cultural heritage, aims to contribute by focusing on the values of cultural heritage, its promotion and protection. Kosovo as a tourist region in terms of cultural heritage is divided into seven cultural heritage regions: Prishtina Region, consisting of 118 heritage cities, Prizren Region, consisting of 500 heritage monuments, Peja Region, consisting of 856 monuments of cultural and natural heritage; Mitrovica region, consisting of 64 assets; The region of Gjakova, consisting of 148 monuments of all categories; The region of Gjilan, consisting of 174 monuments placed under temporary protection; and the Ferizaj region consists of 130 assets on the list of Cultural Heritage for temporary protection. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of cultural heritage in the development of tourism as an economical asset in Kosovo. Kosovo has many attractions and natural beauty, presents special cultural values from different periods and a favorable climate, which contribute and have potential in the development of different types of selective tourism. In order to determine if and to what extent cultural heritage in Kosovo is a factor in attracting foreign tourists, this research includes 300 foreign tourists, as well as the coefficient of determination and correlation between the attractiveness of cultural heritage and the motivation of foreign tourists to visit Kosovo. The coefficient of determination of 0.687 and the correlation coefficient of 0.829 between the attractiveness of cultural heritage and the motivation of foreign tourists to visit Kosovo indicate a very strong direct relationship between these two variables. All of this represents a very significant factor for the development of an alternative type of tourism, i.e. cultural tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents the importance of risk management during the covid 19 pandemic in the health, economy and education sector in Kosovo.Since early times, man has begun to choose ways, methods, and tools to reduce or mitigate the material and non-material consequences that have been presented to him the various risks that we may encounter must be foreseen and managed so that they can be easily overcome.One of the unexpected things that we can encounter in life is various epidemics such as the covid 19 pandemic, which requires management and a series of commitments to overcome the crisis.The main purpose of this study is to look at the effect of the covid 19 pandemic and the importance of risk management in the health, economy, and education sector in Kosovo and how the government has reflected with its measures against this pandemic in Kosovo.The methodology of this study is descriptive methods to describe the measures undertaken by the Government of the Republic of Kosovo, which includes a response plan in three main areas, namely health, economy, and education.A secondary data collection methodology was used in this research.The data are taken from the results published by the Friedrich-EbertStiftung-Kosovo Office (FES). Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung office in Pristina.As for the impact of Covid-19, on the labor market in Kosovo, according to the (LFS) Labor Force Survey of 2019, the unemployment rate in Kosovo was 25.7%, or in absolute numbers 125,305 unemployed people. While the employment rate was around 30.1%, or in absolute numbers, the number of employees was 368,180 people.According to the obtained results, it appears that Covid-19 has harmed companies and all sectors in Kosovo.The research mainly has a descriptive nature of the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the health, economy, and education sector in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the gender equality in Kosovo. The data shows that there is a very high gender inequality in Kosovo in all aspects of the life. The main reasons for gender inequality in Kosovo are linked to gender stereotypes and patriarchal culture in society and the economy, unequal distribution of family responsibilities, lack of available and affordable childcare responsibilities and also low education levels among women. Although many measures have been taken to reduce gender inequality and empower women in Kosovo, however women empowerment in Kosovo is by far the lowest among the Western Balkan 6 and EU economies with a score of 25.4 out of 100, placing it last in the Women Empowerment Index (ranking in the last 33 th place). The study also contains proposed measures to reduce gender inequality in Kosovo and promote economic empowerment of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the motivation of managers and their impact on the performance of the tourism and hotel business in Kosovo.Motivation as a concept is a crucial element for almost any human activity, an individual, a group, a collective or a business organization. Without motivation, achieving a certain goal or task or strategy is impossible.Tourism in Kosovo is a growing sector with many tourists visiting the country every year. By tourism, we mean the movement of people for recreation, entertainment, healing, and expansion of cultural knowledge. Although Kosovo is a small geographical space, with the natural and human motives it has, it offers good opportunities for the development of several types of domestic, regional, international, stationary, and transit tourism.The quantitative method was used in this study. The study includes 50 managers from different hotel companies.The data of the study are provided through a closed questionnaire that measures the motivation of the managers and their impact on the performance of the enterprise in tourism and hospitality in Kosovo. The sample of the selection of participants was determined, where the data of this paper were collected through direct interviewing by means of a structured (printed) questionnaire. These data were analyzed and interpreted through the SPSS program. The influence of managers has a positive impact on the development of tourism and hospitality in Kosovo. Also, from the findings of the study, we understand that the male gender achieves a higher average than the female gender in the hotel tourism in Kosovo than the female gender. 50 managers participated in the study, most of whom were 84% male and 16% female. So here we see a huge dominance in the male sample over the female.Finally, the findings of this study and the practical significance of these findings are discussed and recommendations are given regarding the findings of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite significant global investments in mobile government projects, the adoption of these services has been unsatisfactory, with low user acceptance levels reported by governments. Given the crucial role of user acceptance in the success of m-government, researchers specializing in this field should investigate the factors that influence users' willingness to use these services. This study aims to address this issue in the Republic of Kosovo context. In the study, the reasons for using the Mobile Document Management System (mDMS) were also investigated. The research gathers information from government officials in the Republic of Kosovo through structured questionnaires, and empirically tests the factors that influence the intention to use Mobile Government (m-Government)systems in Kosovo, by amalgamating two models: TAM& DOI, with the incorporation of two new constructs, namely Trustworthiness, and Image. The results have revealed that Perceived Usefulness and Observability were the sole factors that might influence the willingness of the Kosovars to use m-Government andthe mDMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term Inflation means a process of continuous increase in the prices of goods and services and a decrease in the purchasing power of people.The indicator that serves to measure inflation is the Consumer Price Index (CPI), that is, the consumer basket that includes the costs that people make to buy the most important products that are necessary for the family, monitored over time.The costs for this basket at a given time expressed relative to the base period represent the consumer price index (CPI). The percentage change in the CPI over the specified period relative to the base period is consumer price inflation.Inflation inevitably affects the operation of all activities and branches. Therefore, tourism and hospitality industry are no exception.Inflation affects the reduction of the purchasing power of the population, so in the conditions of inflation, people try to reduce the expenses in the family by completely giving up or reducing the purchase of products and services that are not necessary for them.All of this on the one hand, and on the other hand the increase in prices in accommodation and catering facilities, additionally influences people to reduce the number of tourist trips, to choose closer and cheaper destinations for tourist trips or to completely give up on tourist trips.In order to determine whether inflation in Kosovo affects the change in the tourist travel habits of the population, an online survey was conducted that included 200 residents of Kosovo. The data from the survey was processed with the SPSS system using the methods of linear regression and correlation, with inflation and the prices of hotel services as independent variables, and travel within the country and the use of hotel services in Kosovo as dependent variables.Applying the Chi-square test shows the existence of a significant difference between domestic tourism trips in Kosovo in 2015 and 2022 (Chi square value of 4.927; degree of freedom 1; two-sided asymptotic significance is 0.026), as well as the existence of a significant difference between the use of hotel services by the domicile population in Kosovo in 2015 and 2022 (the obtained Chi square value of 44,444;degree of freedom 1; the two-sided asymptotic significance is 0). The research also showed that inflation inevitably leads to an increase in the prices of hotel services (correlation coefficient 0.959; coefficient of determination 0.920, B = 0.617, p = 0), and an increase in the prices of hotel services leads to a decrease in the use of hotel services. by the domicile population (correlation coefficient - 0.807, coefficient of determination 0.651, B = - 0.568, p = 0).Inflation also affects the decrease in the number of domestic tourist trips (correlation coefficient - 0.859, coefficient of determination 0.738, B = - 0.389, p = 0). Based on that, it can be concluded that the negative impact of inflation on both domestic tourist trips and the use of hotel services by the resident population is huge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between organizational ethics and job performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), aiming to uncover how organizational ethics impacts employee performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: Employing various statistical analyses, the study explores the correlation between organizational ethics and job performance, utilizing a robust methodology to ascertain the influence of ethical practices on employee productivity. Findings: The study reveals a distinct negative correlation between organizational ethics and job performance in SMEs, indicating that higher organizational ethics levels are associated with lower employee job performance. Linear regression analysis confirms this negative influence, highlighting the significance of ethical considerations in shaping job performance outcomes. Conclusion: Despite the significant impact of organizational ethics on job performance, no significant gender differences in organizational ethics or job performance levels were identified in SMEs. Research Limitations/Implications: Acknowledging limitations such as sample size variations and industry-specific factors, the study proposes avenues for future research to delve deeper into these aspects and enhance the applicability of the findings. Practical Implications: The findings emphasize the importance of promoting ethical behavior in SMEs to enhance overall job performance and productivity, highlighting the need for heightened awareness of organizational ethics in managerial practices. Contribution to Literature: This study contributes a new perspective to the understanding of organizational ethics and job performance in SMEs, offering insights for management practices and contributing to the literature on organizational ethics in small business contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to address the components, role and importance of cultural heritage in the cultural tourism development, analyzing Kosovo and its cultural heritage as a specific case. The favorable geostrategic position and natural resources have made Kosovo, although a small country, stand out with its rich cultural heritage. Currently, Kosovo has (23) cultural heritage assets under permanent protection and about 1590 more under temporary protection. A study has been carried out regarding the impact of Kosovo's potential for the cultural tourism development and knowledge of cultural heritage on the frequency of tourist visits for cultural purposes. The findings of this study have shown that Kosovo's potential for the cultural tourism development has an impact on tourist visits for cultural purposes and the higher the level of knowledge about Kosovo's cultural heritage, the more frequent the tourist visits for cultural purposes. It turned out that Kosovo has sufficient potential for the cultural tourism development and the level of knowledge of the respondents about the cultural heritage of Kosovo is sufficient. Also, it was found that in 70.0% of cases, the frequency of visits to monuments of the cultural and historical heritage of Kosovo is 1-5 times a year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Článek poskytuje teoretický přehled o udržitelném cestovním ruchu jako o systému cestovního ruchu, který se zaměřuje na kvalitativní rozvoj s ohledem na kvalitu života a prosperitu obyvatelstva, aniž by způsobil škodu v jiných aspektech. Udržitelný cestovní ruch je podskupinou udržitelného rozvoje. V článku jsou uvedeny rozdíly mezi těmito dvěma termíny a dalšími pojmy relevantními pro náš výzkum. Je analyzován rozvoj cestovního ruchu v Kosovu, včetně statistik o finanční podpoře cestovního ruchu kosovskou vládou. Na závěr je představena SWOT analýza současného stavu cestovního ruchu v Kosovu.

The internet's profound impact on the food industry, particularly in product promo-tion, is expected to continue growing. This study assesses the internet's role in promoting food products in Kosovo by examining internet usage trends and exploring the opportunities and challenges for food businesses in utilizing online platforms. The research employs various methods, including statistical and descriptive analyses, comparative assessments of internet us-age trends, and correlation analyses to understand how internet usage affects social network engagement and website development within the food industry. The results indicate that a substantial 87.24% of Kosovo's population actively uses the internet, highlighting a significant online market potential. Additionally, a remarkable 98.6% of food businesses in Kosovo embrace internet resources. Notably, internet usage positively correlates with higher engagement on social networks (r=0.580) and the establishment of an online presence in the food industry (r=0.369). The study encompasses 38 interviews with food industry specialists, which reveal that food businesses are increasingly investing in online marketing, leading to heightened customer awareness, improved product recognition, increased sales, and enhanced customer interaction. Effective strategies encompass social networks, website development, banner advertisements on popular platforms, and collaborations with influencers. Nevertheless, challenges include heightened online competition and a lack of technical expertise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer has a serious negative impact on the ability to consume and absorb nutrients, and hence on their functioning, so these patients are particularly at risk of malnutrition. Since one cytotoxic mechanism of cancer therapeutics is through the generation of reactive oxygen species, there is concern that the use of dietary supplements during treatment, especially antioxidants, may reduce treatment efficacy. This study aimed to determine the use of dietary supplements after cancer diagnosis. This research was performed in 23 male and 27 female patients from the University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Oncology Clinic. The developed questionnaire contains open and closed questions, as well as multiple-choice questions, which allow for multiple answers. Demographic and clinical data, such as diagnosis, time since diagnosis, tumor stage, treatment history, and comorbidities, were obtained. SPSS 25.0 was used for the descriptive and deductive statistics and other statistical analyses of tested parameters. The results show that almost half of the patients have changed eating habits, including preferences or avoidance of certain foods since the cancer diagnosis. Women and patients with an academic background as well as non-smokers reported using dietary supplements more frequently. All results from the chi-square test showed that it is not significant at p < .05, which means it is a relationship between the variables that calculations were made: family history of cancer and metastasis; family history of cancer and presence of co-morbidities; smoking status and presence of co-morbidities; smoking status and metastasis. It is concluded that the nutritionist must conduct consultations with patients to prevent potential interactions with anticancer therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postmenopausal women are at particular risk of experiencing osteoporosis-related fractures (hip, wrist, and spine fractures). Such fractures are associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality and a decrease in quality of life. Although the etiology of osteoporosis and fractures is multifactorial, dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K is important, and suggested supplementation influences bone mineral density, fracture, and fall outcomes. This research aimed to determine the usage of dietary supplements and, reasons for changing eating habits of patients with osteoporosis during the Covid-19 period. In this study, a dietary supplement questionnaire was administered to 50 male and female patients with rheumatic diseases and osteoporosis. The questionnaire included questions regarding demographic characteristics, anthropometric data, use, and type of nutritional supplements in patients. Various types of vitamins, minerals, and trace elements were listed, as well as botanical or herbal supplements, specialty teas, and immune-stimulating supplements. For the statistical analysis of descriptive statistics, correlations, statistical significance between the male and female patients, and other parameters, SPSS 25.0 was used. From a nutritional point of view, the obtained data on BMI is important, which for 11 men shows overweight values, and obese values for 14. 21 women have a BMI that is overweight, and 4 women are classified as obese. The average age of the respondents is 58.96 years, while the average weight for men is 74.04 kg, while for women it is 74.84 kg. Most of the respondents 30% consume calcium and vitamin D, and at least only 4% multivitamins and vitamin D as much as those who do not consume any supplements. As almost every second patient with osteoporosis reported a change in their eating habits and using dietary supplements, our findings highlight the need to implement routine nutritional consultations for osteoporosis care in outpatient settings, as well as to meet the needs of patients and to prevent potential interactions with anti-osteoporosis therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to provide a theoretical explanation for the continuous development of the tourism industry, following this with a comparison of the tourism development between the two Balkan states, namely Kosovo and Macedonia. this research is important to convey the development trends of tourism in different countries, also the countries and tourist destinations. In this study, a comparative method was used to distinguish Tourism Development Statistics in Kosovo and Macedonia. The data are provided by the state statistical office, Eurostat (online). The practical part of this study shows the total number of tourists in Kosovo and Macedonia for the period 2010-2018. Kosovo and Macedonia are two states of the Balkan Peninsula that have developed the tourism industry, due to the fact that their natural wealth, national, cultural, social values and so on. They are attractive factors for tourists in general, both domestic and foreign. Numbers of tourist in Kosovo in the period 2010 was 79,045 and in 2018 was 228,254, whereas numbers of tourist in Macedonia in the period 2010 was 586, 241 and in 2018 was 1,126,935. The development of rural tourism in these countries enables the development of livestock. There is a higher number of cattle and dairy cows in Kosovo than in Macedonia. Whereas in Macedonia there are more pigs, especially sheep and goats. Mountainous natural resources have made the forest area a considerable part of the surface in the Kosovo and Macedonia. Comparing 2012 and 2017 we can notice that there is not much difference in figures, there has been a significant increase in mountainous area. From the findings of this study, we can say that Kosovo and Macedonia, as explained in the empirical analysis section, have sufficient potential to develop rural and mountain tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify consumers knowledge about the quality and safety of food products. The quality and safety of food are the main concern of consumers, so it is very important to know about the safety of food and the quality of food products to avoid serious problems that we can encounter from food products because the consequences of unsafe food bring great consequences and can be serious. Food safety is important as it helps protect the consumer from the risk of foodborne illness. One of the factors that influence the choice of a food product is the price as an element or determinant of a quality product. Knowing the importance of food safety and food product quality, such a study should be done first. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify consumers' knowledge about the quality and safety of food products. The methodology of this study is the quantitative method. The sample of the selection of participants was random, where the data of this paper were collected through direct interviewing by means of a structured (printed) questionnaire. The sample size consisted of 100 citizens of the Republic of Kosovo in 3 different cities (Prizren, Pristina, Ferizaj). The questionnaire consisted of two sections. The first section contained questions aimed at basic data on the respondents (age, gender, place of residence). The second section focused on citizens' perception of food quality and safety. These data were then analyzed and interpreted through the analysis method and the SPSS program. The results of this study show that a significant part of the respondents 35% think they have knowledge regarding the topic of food safety and 60% of the respondents think that the price plays a role in determining a quality product and being for sure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating employee performance is one of the most important activities in human resource management in all enterprises. Under the term performance evaluation is meant a continuous process of monitoring, valuing and directing the behavior of the employees and their achieved results in the work. The evaluation of the employees' performance is carried out in order to determine their contribution to the achievement of the organizational goals in a certain period of time, and is based on a system of appropriate criteria and assessment methods that can be both objective and subjective. In order to determine whether the hotels in Kosovo has a system for evaluating the performance of employees and whether employee performance evaluation affects the salary of employees, rewards, advancement in the organization, motivation, as well as on the successful operation of the enterprise and its financial result, it was carried out research in 100 hotels on the territory of Kosovo. The research was conducted with an online survey in which 100 general managers in hotels in Kosovo were surveyed, so that one answer given by one general manager refers to one hotel. The research data were processed with the computer system SPSS version 23.0, using the linear regression method. Based on the conducted research, it was determined that there is a very strong and directly proportional relationship between evaluating employee performance as an independent variable on the one hand and separate variables as dependent variables on the other hand: salary (R = 0.836; R2 = 0.699; p = 0; B = 1,490); rewards (R = 0.943; R2 = 0.890; p = 0; B = 0.989); advancement within the organization (R = 0.938; R2 = 0.879; p = 0; B = 0.889); employee motivation (R = 0.869; R2 = 0.756; p = 0; B = 1.512); and the success of hotel operations and their financial result (R = 0.941; R2 = 0.884; p = 0; B = 1.444). Accordingly, in order to be able to successfully and timely achieve the goals of the work in an organization, to achieve good performance, to motivate employees and to reward them properly and advance in the system of the organization itself, there must be an evaluation of the performance of employees, which is one of the basic tasks of human resources management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the interconnection between professional training and employee performance in hotel organizations. Considering that the professional training in our country is not at appropriate levels and in some companies they are not even present and knowing the importance and impact that training has on work performance, such a study should be carried out first. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to show the interconnection between professional training and employee performance among the employees of the Dukagjini hotel in Peja and the Grand hotel in Pristina. 100 employees of the Dukagjini hotel and the Grand hotel from the municipalities of Pristina and Peja participated in this study. Quantitative methods were used in the methodology of this study. In this study, two instruments were used, the one that measures the receipt of professional training and the instrument that measures performance at work, both of these instruments give us quantitative data. The sample of the selection of participants was random, where the data of this paper were collected through direct interviewing by means of a structured (printed) questionnaire. These data were analyzed and interpreted through the SPSS program. The findings of this study shows that an employee's job performance depends on several factors such as motivation, dedication, and commitment, but several types of research have brought back the fact that training and development play the most important role in improving employee performance in hotel organizations. From this study we can conclude that out of 100 respondents, 60 of them declared that they received professional training and the other 40 did not receive professional training. Finally, the findings of the study and the practical significance of the findings to employees in the hotel organizations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practicing the concept of sustainable development is the only viable solution to minimize the negative effects of economic development, aiming to preserve human health and increase the well-being of current and future generations, and simultaneously emphasizing the protection of the environment. In this context, one of the areas that should be given special attention is waste management. In order to protect human health and the environment from pollution and destruction, waste should be properly handled or managed. The term 'waste management' refers to the process of collecting, transporting, processing, recycling or depositing and monitoring waste materials. In order to protect people and the environment, waste management must meet sustainability criteria. When analyzing the situation in Kosovo from this aspect, it can be said that although efforts are being made to manage waste in Kosovo, the management is not sustainable at all. Therefore, numerous measures should be taken both by the central government and by the local authorities in order to introduce sustainable measures for waste management to achieve sustainable development in this sphere, preserve human health and protect the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the study was to investigate the impact of motivation on employee performance in the hospitality enterprises in Kosovo. For that purpose, the paper uses primary data obtained through a survey of 130 employees in several hospitality enterprises in Kosovo. The survey questionnaire consisted of 4 close-ended questions. The data were analysed using regression model statistical tools. First, cross-tabular analyses were performed where each motivation tool was crossed with the employee performance and the coefficient of determination and the correlation coefficient were calculated in order to determine the individual impact of each motivation tool on employee performance This research argues that each motivation tool affects the increase of employee performance in the hospitality industry in Kosovo. The strongest motivational tool for employees in the hospitality enterprises in Kosovo is the salary, followed by the opportunities for advancement and working conditions. Then, multiple linear regression was calculated in order to determine the overall cumulative impact of all motivation tools (motivational package) on employee performance. This research argues that there is a very strong direct relationship between the whole motivational package and employee performance in the hospitality industry in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article was designed to make the communication process as clear as possible, while knowing that communication is an essential process in the lives of both individuals and organizations. Individuals as natural persons and organizations as legal entities find it impossible to exist without effective communication. On the one hand, individuals communicate with others in order to meet their needs, desires and requirements. On the other hand, the communication process in the internal environment of the organization, depending on the direction of flow, enables the distribution of power and authority, clarification of tasks and responsibilities, cooperation between members of groups and work teams, while in the external environment, communication enables organizations to share experiences, to collaborate, to create strategic alliances, etc. So, this article presents a theoretical and practical overview of the communication process in organizations, and it is related to the study of this process in enterprises in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism has now become an integral part of humanity’s life, which is directly affecting the economic, social, cultural development of the world and individually of each country. Tourism has now become a very important economic and attractive field for mankind, which is characterized by massive tourist trips, involving different layers and social groups, for the purposes of scientific research, vacations and recreation, as well as the enrichment of knowledge with their natural beauty, historical, cultural monuments, habits, mentalities, languages, and so on in different countries and people of the world. The development of the tourism and hotel industry enables individuals to have access to tourist destinations, where they are offered accommodation opportunities in those countries by using their respective hotel capacities. Thus, the purpose of this article is to present an overview or a framework related to the tourism and hotel industry, respectively definitions, concepts and developments of this field are given. To illustrate the meaning of this issue the case of Kosovo has been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present a summary of knowledge on the behavior of consumers towards tourist offers and its impact on the development of mountain tourism in the territory of Kosovo, given the great importance of this industry in economic development. We know that methods in the social sciences are essential research tools that enable us to achieve new results and knowledge, or to correct existing ones. To study consumers and their behaviors can be based on some basic methodological directions such as: observation, interviews and observations, experimentation, through which I have tried to determine the behaviors of consumers towards mountain tourist offers in the country. People all over the world organize tourist trips with the aim of relaxing, having fun, doing various activities so that they get away from their work routine and their work responsibilities. Therefore, this paper provides a theoretical approach to consumer behavior towards tourism offers, as well as the impact of effective and efficient management in increasing the number of tourists and visitors and increasing the use of mountain tourism capacity in Kosovo. Based on the available data, local and foreign tourists show a special interest to visit the natural beauties that our country has, in all seasons, which enables the development of tourism in the country as a reference point in the absence of the sea. Investing in the further development and promotion of these tourism products, would be of particular importance, as it would inform the public about the natural beauties of Kosovo, which should be visited. Based on the available data on the topic in question, we can conclude that the development of tourism depends on the promotion of products and the attitude of consumers towards them, so our recommendation is that local institutions pay more attention to the strict implementation of long-term strategy of tourism development, thus investing in mountain infrastructure and its promotion to be done through various cultural and artistic activities, as well as informing the general population about them through various media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present a summary of knowledge on cultural heritage and its impact on the development of tourism in the territory of Kosovo, with a special focus on the Prizren region, given the great importance of these industries in economic development. We know that methods in the social sciences are indispensable research tools that enable us to achieve new results and knowledge, or to correct existing ones. In this paper we have applied almost all the methods little by little, but we will single them out: the historical method which consists of techniques and instructions by which historians use primary sources and other data, such as: archaeological data, for to make studies on the histories of the past for the cultural heritage and the descriptive or descriptive method, through which we have described the various historical monuments, as an important part of the cultural heritage as well as as a basis for the development of tourism in the country. People all over the world organize tourist trips with the aim of relaxing, having fun, doing various activities so that they get away from their work routine and their work responsibilities. This paper provides a theoretical approach to cultural heritage and tourism, as well as the impact of effective and efficient management in increasing the number of tourists and visitors and increasing the use of cultural heritage capacities in Kosovo. Based on the data of the cultural heritage in the country, such as various historical monuments built centuries ago, for which local and foreign tourists show special interest to visit, through which the development of tourism in the country is enabled, Investing in the further development and promotion of these tourist products, would be of particular importance, as it would inform the public about the monuments of historical and heritage importance of our country, which should be visited. Therefore, based on the available data on the topic in question, we can conclude that the development of tourism depends on the promotion of products, so our recommendation is that local institutions pay great attention to the strict implementation of long-term tourism development strategy, thus investing in the preservation of the rich cultural heritage that our country has and its promotion through various cultural and artistic activities, as well as informing the general population about them through the media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizing as a managerial function is very important in the process of enterprise management, due to the fact that this function divides the tasks, responsibilities, appoints the persons who will perform the tasks and so on. For the work to be carried out effectively, each enterprise must have an organizational structure that enables the division of jobs at different managerial and operational levels. We can say that managers accomplish their mission by defining the organizational structure. Only a well-defined organizational structure is a guarantee of achieving organizational goals. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to explain the organization as a function of management and the types of organizational structures that apply in small and medium-sized enterprises in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to provide a theoretical and practical overview of decision-making and decision-making techniques applied to small and medium-sized enterprises in Kosovo. This was made possible through the survey of a sample of 50 enterprises of this type throughout the territory of Kosovo, which enabled direct observations to be obtained from the managers of these enterprises. The objective of this article is to provide original results on the extent to which employees are allowed to participate in decision-making, which decision-making techniques are most commonly applied in SMEs, and how effective the is the application of these decision-making techniques within enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to provide a professional analysis and reflection of the quality of meat and its products and its impact on consumer selection, we should also mention that meat and its products as one of the main elements in the consumer table has a special importance in economic analysis both in terms of quality and customer satisfaction as well as in terms of price and economic well-being. We should also mention that it is not in vain to say that regular and quality food is the safest guarantee for a consolidated health, but not to forget that it can not always be taken into account and added care that what we consume in different places like in social organizations or different parties. But food safety should be a vital issue and a priority over priority because the food quality refers to some specific characteristics such as nutrient content as well as organoleptic properties mainly related to the taste and processing of food, packaging and others. Also, do not forget to mention that the food must be suitable for consumption and not to result in any way in the consequences and to harm the health of the consumer. So it is primary to pay special attention to the risks we may encounter in food products in advance to be attentive and prepared for the risks and consequences or diseases born of food, a regular nutrition and quality food reflects half of the health of the human body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is an economic activity which is oriented towards the use of tourism potentials. With the difficulties it had, the development of tourism in the Republic of Kosovo has gone through different phases and this development has occurred alongside the economic development of the country. Although the Republic of Kosovo has sufficient tourist potential, it still does not treat this activity in the right place for the economic development of the country. Its development will affect the increase of the gross domestic product. In this way it will be ranked in the deserved place in the economic development strategy of the country. Tourism in our country is not the most developed but it is less identified and less developed and it needs a lot to provide a national, state marketing, and to be organized by a state commission in order to develop and identify as ideal tourism to influence visits and attract local and foreign visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter aims to provide an overview on the importance of cultural heritage of various countries endowed with such assets. Cultural heritage is also important for the development of tourism by attracting tourists and visitors. Given the development of tourism sector worldwide, issues affecting this will be discussed, focusing on the importance of cultural heritage. Special attention is paid to the case study on Kosovo, focusing on the city of Prizren and its cultural heritage. This paper clarified the importance of cultural heritage and its preservation for Kosovo in general, and for the city of Prizren in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management competencies are a key factor for creating effective and attractive hotel offer for hotels that will be competitive in the international tourism market. Managers, as holders of the entire process of planning, organizing, motivating and controlling of hotel activities have been placed in front of the challenge to productively use their knowledge, skills, attitudes and experiences in formulating effective development strategies that will enable realization of the objectives of the hotel. Proceeding from this, the goal of the paper is through theoretical and empirical research is to consider the management skills as a factor for the development of the hotel running in Kosovo. In addition, by applying the techniques of surveying and depth interview of managers and surveys of employees and hotel guests will see the positives, but also the shortcomings of the hotel offer in terms of managerial competence. Based on the findings, recommendations will be given for improving management competencies and through them the hotel offer in Kosovo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of training, human resource communication, and motivation of managers are shown to be statistically significant factors affecting managerial performance in health and hotel tourism in KosovoThe findings, which have been gathered by tourism and hotel sector managers, show that training, communication and motivation have a positive impact on the performance of managers, (p value = .000) which gives us the understanding that we need to continuously support trainings with managers, have a professional approach with human resources and be motivated. Also, organized trainings and proper communication with human resources, have a positive impact on enhancing the performance of managers in thermal and hotel centers in Kosovo (p value=.000). We say that the Hotest and Health Tourism sector are two sectors that are positively impacting on economic and social development in Kosovo and this provides opportunities for employment and professionalism in these sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proper management of thermal centres through human resource management has enabled the health tourism in Kosovo to be successful. Through training of staff and human resources, communication and working climate, job evaluation and employee motivation, we have achieved positive and satisfying effects on health tourism in Kosovo. This is evidenced by this research, where we find that the key factors that influence high standards are employee training, evaluation, communication and motivation. This was accomplished through the participation of a total of 4 thermal centres in Kosovo, of which there are 12 managers and 75 employees, while the analysis was performed through SPSS (version 25), and the analysis method was regression. On the basis of the results we see that proper human resource management leads to overall sustainability and satisfaction of employees in these enterprises and their performance at work (p value = .000 <1%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education has a key role in the development of a country, in the improvement of its economic welfare as well as the living standard of its citizens. The Republic of Macedonia is a developing country which constantly invests in its educational institutions as well as increasing their number in order to improve the quality of life of its citizens. In recent years the Republic of Macedonia has seen an increase in the number of institutions that offer higher education as well as an increase in the number of freshman year students enrolling in these institutions. The number of students has increased due to the fact that a large number of the companies in the technological and business sectors are requiring that their staff at least have a University degree. This paper researched the importance of separate factors of studying for the students in the Republic of Macedonia and the degree of their satisfaction from the administrative, academic and physical capacities and resources, as well as the level of satisfaction from the interpersonal communication and the general surrounding of the Universities The research showed that there are statistical differences in the level of satisfaction of students from public and private universities from academic activities and services at universities, physical facilities and resources at universities, and interpersonal relationships at universities, with students from private universities demonstrating higher levels of satisfaction in these areas. the concept of student satisfaction will be studied through a prism of consumer satisfaction. The analysis will contain implications of the results and recommendations for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case study: 5 star Hotel's in Kosovo. The impact of the professional management of the Hotelier sector by the management and the positive climate created by the workers has had a very positive positive impact on their performance at work, their satisfaction with the workplace and their motivation. This has affected the high satisfaction of tourists with the services provided by the latter. The survey involved a total of 21 managers and 100 employees, while 200 tourists were also surveyed where their satisfaction was measured. The research was conducted in the top 4 Hotels in Kosovo over a period of 2 months, were data performed by using SPSS (version 25), and correlation and regression were used to confirm the hypotheses. On the other hand, demographic data are presented by number of participation and their percentage. The results show that managers' motivation and employee satisfaction have a positive impact on enhancing employee performance (rho=.361**, p value =.001). On the other hand in the second hypothesis The selection and selection of managers has a positive impact on the motivation of Hotel Managers. (rho=.208*, p value =.049) and in the third hypothesis Hotel Workers performance depends directly on the training provided by the hotels themselves and their selection and selection at work. (R=.330, p value = .007 Finally we say that proper management has a significant impact on the working climate of the hotels and affects the performance of the employees, and this performance is reflected in the satisfaction of the tourists with the services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]