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Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of rectal ozone on the histopathological healing of the colonic mucosa, tissue oxidative stress, and bacterial translocation in the experimental colitis model. Materials and Methods: Three groups of rats were randomly formed [Group 1: Sham group, group 2: Control group, group 3: Ozone treatment group]. Microscopic and macroscopic scoring were done histopathologically in all groups. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the colon and liver tissue. Blood cultures were taken for the detection of bacterial translocation. Results: Microscopic damage scores were found as 0.0 (0.0-2.0) in the sham group, 3.0 (3.0-3.0) in the control group, 2.0 (0.0-2.0) in the ozone treatment group (p=0.001). Macroscopic damage scores were found as 0.0 (0.0-1.0) in the sham group, 3.0 (0.0-4.0) in the control group, 0.0 (0.0-1.0) in the ozone treatment group; the scores of ozone treatment and sham groups were found to be statistically different (p=0.004). Compared to the control group, the bacterial translocation in the liver, mesenteric lymph node, portal vein, spleen, and systemic blood was fewer in the ozone treatment group. Statistically significant differences were also observed between the groups’ SOD and GST levels in colon tissue and MDA, SOD, and GST levels in liver tissue. Regarding MDA values in the liver tissue of the groups, it was 1.95±0.43 in Group I, 3.63±0.81 in Group II, and 1.19±0.72 U/mg in Group III (p=0.017). When the liver tissue SOD levels of the groups were examined, it was 8.21±0.76 U/mg in Group I, 4.57±0.58 U/mg in Group II, and 8.62±1.13 U/mg in Group III (p=0.029). When GST values in liver tissue belonging to the groups were examined, 0.35±0.16 in Group 1, 0.23±0.03 in Group II, 0.49±0.13 U/mg in Group III (p=0.036). Conclusion: Rectal ozone application plays a role in increasing the organism’s antioxidant activity and has an effective role in increasing the enzyme activities of antioxidant defenses. In addition, rectal ozone application has a positive effect on wound healing at a histopathological level and reduces bacterial translocation in various tissues.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a multifactorial disease characterized by chronic diffuse pain. Genetic factors are also involved in the etiology. However, there is not enough information on the genetic factors that play a role in the pathogenesis of FMS. This study aims to investigate the relationship between estrogen receptor 1 gene (ESR1) 594G>A (rs2228480) and 325C>G (rs2295190) polymorphisms and FMS. A total of 294 women, 146 of who were FMS patients and 148 of whom were healthy controls, were enrolled in the study. The instruments used to collect data from patients included patient follow-up forms, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Genotyping of ESR1 594G>A and 325C>G polymorphisms in the extracted DNA samples was performed using an RT-PCR device and TaqMan hydro lysis probes. It was found that, for rs2295190 polymorphism, patients with CG and GG genotypes versus CC genotypes showed a decreased risk for FMS (OR: 0.442; 95% CI: 0.234-0.833). But there were no significant differences were found in the genotype distribution of rs2228480 polymorphism between the FMS patients and controls. The intragroup evaluation of FMS patients revealed no significant association between symp toms, pain score, FIQ score, and polymorphisms (p>0.05). We believe that there is a significant association between ESR1 rs2295190 polymorphism and FMS and that this polymorphism may be protective against FMS. However, there is a need for comprehensive studies on different populations to obtain clearer data as well as further studies to elucidate the possible mechanism of association., This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University (Project No: 2019/4-BAGEP).

Objectives This study aims to compare the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene polymorphisms of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) with those of healthy control subjects, and to investigate the possible relationship between symptoms of FMS and polymorphisms of the ADRB2 gene. Patients and methods The study included 170 females (mean age 47.8±10.3 years; range, 21 to 75 years) diagnosed with FMS according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria and 170 healthy females (mean age 47.2±8.8 years; range, 20 to 72 years) as the control group. Several clinical symptoms of the participants related to FMS were questioned and recorded. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) scores of the fibromyalgia group were recorded. In both groups, the ADRB2 (rs1042717) single-nucleotide polymorphism was detected by way of a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The wild-type (Guanine/Guanine), the mutant type (Adenine/Adenine) and heterozygous type (Adenine/Guanine) were detected. The sample power was calculated considering the minor allele frequency. Results The comparison of the ADRB2 gene polymorphism between patients with FMS and the control subjects showed that the groups were similar in terms of ADBR2 gene polymorphism and genotype (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of genotype when the ADRB2 gene polymorphisms in patients with FMS were compared in terms of clinical symptoms, VAS and FIQ scores (p>0.05). Conclusion Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (rs1042717) gene polymorphisms and genotype distribution are no different between patients with FMS and healthy individuals. ADRB2 gene polymorphisms in patients with FMS have no effect on clinical symptoms and VAS and FIQ scores. The results of the present study will light the way for future research into ADRB2 gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of FMS.

This work was supported by the Turkish Orthopedics Research Council (TORC) and the Turkish Society of Orthopedics and Traumatology (TSOT)., BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acrylamide (AA) on fracture healing histologically, biochemically, and radiologically in a rat femur fracture model. METHODS: Scanning electron microscopy imaging, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer examination were performed for AA characterization. In this study, after the femur fracture model was created, the groups were formed to include eight rats in each group (G) as follows: G1: 15th-day control, G2: 15th-day AA, G3: 30th-day control, and G4: 30th-day AA. In G2 and G4, 5 mg/kg AA was administered 3 times a week by gastric gavage. The fracture was evaluated radiologically according to Lane-Sandhu scoring and histologically according to Huo scoring. The weight changes of the rats were recorded. Albumin, total protein, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, vit. D, parathormone, calcium, phosphorus (P), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and Platelet values were examined in the blood samples. RESULTS: The characterization properties of AA were confirmed. No significant weight change was observed in the rats during the study. When blood values were compared, a statistically significant difference was determined between albumin, total protein, P, WBC, and Hb groups (p=0.41, p=0.00, p=0.003, p=0.019, and p=0.017, respectively). According to the histological score comparisons, G3 was significantly different from G1, G2, and G4 (p

Background: IL‑13 is the key cytokine in the regulation of inflammatory with an autoimmune disease and has an anti‑inflammatory effect. Aims: This study aimed to compare IL‑13 (‑1112 C/T and ‑1512 A/C) gene polymorphisms in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP), chronic periodontitis (CP), and periodontally healthy group (C) and evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) IL‑13 levels in patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty patients with AgP, 120 patients with CP, and 70 periodontally healthy subjects were included in this study. Clinical parameters were recorded (plaque and gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level), and GCF and blood samples were taken at baseline and 6‑week. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy was performed in patients with periodontitis. Gene analyses (IL‑13 − 1112C/T (rs1800925) and − 1512 A/C (rs1881457) were performed with real‑time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cytokine levels were determined by an enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: AgP and CP patients showed significant improvement in clinical parameters after periodontal therapy (P < 0.05). According to results, genotype distributions and allele frequencies in IL‑13 variants − 1112C/T and − 1512 A/C were found similarly in all groups (P > 0.05). In the AgP group, GCF IL‑13 cytokine level is statistically significant and increased in 6 weeks; however, in the CP group, there is no statistically significant difference between baseline and 6 week. In the AgP group, baseline GCF IL‑13 cytokine level is lower than those of the CP group and C group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, IL‑13 ‑1112 and ‑1512 gene polymorphisms have not been associated with AgP and CP, and GCF IL‑13 cytokine level is increased after treatment in the AgP group.

Although there is not yet full clarity of the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia syndrome (FM), central sensitization is considered to be responsible. The purpose of this study was to measure the plasma levels of potassium ion channel proteins (human KCNH2, KCNH6 and KCNH7) in FM patients and healthy control subjects. The study sample includes 76 newly diagnosed FM patients and 79 healthy individuals. Venous blood samples were taken to measure the plasma levels of KCNH2, KCNH6 and KCNH7. Pain severity in FM patients was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Bioinformatics analysis was performed using the STRING v 11 Protein interaction tool. Age, gender and body mass index were seen to be similar in both groups. In comparisons between FM and control groups, KCNH2 plasma levels was found to be significantly lower in the FM group. No significant correlation was found between plasma levels of KCNH2, KCNH6 and KCNH7 protein levels and VAS score of patients with FM. The KCNH2 protein had a high homology score with 9 proteins. The plasma levels of KCNH2 FM patients were found to be lower than those of the healthy control subjects, no difference was determined in respect of the plasma levels of KCNH6 and KCNH7. These results may be of use in guiding future studies on the pathogenesis of FM.

Purpose: Stasis zone, the zone around the coagulation zone, is important for the prevention necrosis in burns. Various drugs were studied in literature to prevent necrosis in stasis zone. The previous researches have shown the effectiveness of Nacetylcysteine treatment on both remote organs and local side in thermal injury. Demonstration of the effectiveness of N acetylcysteine and Ozone on stasis zone prevention in thermal injury was the goal of this study. Methods: For this purpose, 24 4-month-old Wistar albino type female rats weighing 200±20 g were used in the study. Compound burning model was made in these rats. Next, the compound was applied to the combustion model to compare the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine and Ozone. To identfy histopathological destruction severity a scoring method was applied. Malondialdhyede (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Superoksid dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels were analyzed in serum samples of the rats to find out the alterations in the balance between oxidatitaion and antioxidation system. Results: While the highest MDA levels were observed in group I, the decrease was significant in group II and III (p=0.03 and p, Amaç: Pıhtılaşma bölgesi etrafındaki bölge olan durağanlık bölgesi, yanıklarda nekrozun önlenmesi için önemlidir. Literatürde staz bölgesinde nekrozu önlemek için çeşitli ilaçlar çalışılmıştır. Önceki araştırmalar, termal yaralanmada N-asetilsistein tedavisinin hem uzak organlarda hem de lokal tarafta etkinliğini göstermiştir. Buna bağlı olarak, N-asetilsistein ve Ozonun termal yaralanma durağan bölgesi önleme etkinliğinde gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu amaçla çalışmada, ağırlıkları 200±20 g olan 24 adet 4 aylık Wistar albino tipi dişi sıçan kullanıldı. Bu sıçanlarda bileşik yanma modeli yapıldı. Sonra N-asetilsistein ve Ozonun etkililiğini karşılaştırmak için bileşik yanma modeline uygulandı. Histopatolojik yıkım şiddetini belirlemek için bir skorlama yöntemi uygulandı. Oksidasyon ve antioksidasyon sistemi arasındaki dengede meydana gelen değişiklikleri saptamak için sıçanların serum örneklerinde Malondialdehid (MDA), Glutatyon Perpxidaz (GPx), Superoksid dismutaz (SOD) ve katalaz (CAT) seviyeleri analiz edildi. Bulgular: Grup I'de en yüksek MDA düzeyleri gözlenirken, grup II ve III'te azalma anlamlıydı (p=0.03 and p

Nanotechnology techniques are used in many applications, such as cancer treatment, radiological imaging methods, and pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the microbiology field, tissue regeneration, injury healing, treatment of some chronic diseases, and production of vaccines. Whereas products of nanotechnology have a lot of benefits mentioned in our life, they also have some systemic, genetic, and toxic effects in organisms. This study’s goal was to reveal the impacts of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on a number of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in the rat liver fraction. In the current research, adult Wistar albino rats having a weight of approximately 150-200 g and fed under normal conditions were utilized. The incubation of four various concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ppm) was performed in the liver fractions. We studied the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on some enzymes identified in the microsomal fraction, such as N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylase (cytochrome P4502E1), NADPH cytochrome c reductase, NADH cytochrome b5 reductase, and other enzymes found in the cytosolic fraction, e.g. glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and glutathione level (GSH). GST, G6PDH, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, and NADPH cytochrome c reductase levels decreased statistically significantly, whereas the GSH level increased significantly in comparison with controls (p 0.05). Accordingly, in this study, we have shown that TiO2 nanoparticles are capable of inhibiting xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Therefore, this inhibition can affect the detoxification system negatively.

Amaç: Öz-yeterlik algısı, kişinin bir işi yapmak için gerekli becerilere sahip olduğu konusundaki inancıdır (Bandura, 1997; Zimmerman, 1995; Kear, 2000; Gawith, 1995). Nitekim yine Bandura’ya göre (1997) başarı sadece bir işi yapmak için gerekli becerilere sahip olmaya bağlı değildir, başarı aynı zamanda bu becerilerin etkin şekilde ve güvenle kullanımını da gerektirir. Öğretmen öz-yeterlik algıları, öğretmenlerin öğrencilerin performanslarını etkileme kapasitelerine veya görevlerini başarılı bir şekilde yerine getirebilmek için gerekli davranışları gösterebilecekleri konusundaki algıları olarak tanımlanmaktadır (Aston, 1984; Atıcı, 2000). Bu açıklamalar göz önüne alındığında araştırmamızda öğretmen adaylarının kaynaştırmaya ilişkin yeterliklerini incelemek amaçlanmıştır.

Objective: Symptomatic anastomotic leakage observed after colorectal surgery is one of the major complications. One of the factors affecting the anastomosis healing is the type of suture material used. This study aims to investigate the effects of the suture material polydioxanone (PDS, Ethicon), which is late absorbable and has a monofilament structure, and the suture material polyglactin 910 (Vicryl, Ethicon), which is absorbable and has a multifilament structure, on the healing of colonic anastomosis, and to compare the traditional forms of these sutures with their antibacterial effective triclosan-impregnated forms (PDS Plus, Ethicon and Vicryl Plus, Ethicon). Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into four equal groups consisting of 10 subjects each: Group I: Vicryl; Group II: Vicryl Plus; Group III: PDS; and Group IV: PDS Plus. The presence of wound infection, whether the integrity of the abdominal wall was maintained, intra-abdominal adhesion scoring, the presence of intra-abdominal abscess, and whether the macroscopic integrity of anastomosis was maintained were evaluated. Results: According to the results of this experimental study, while the highest ABP and hydroxyproline levels were observed in the PDS Plus group, the lowest values were observed in the Vicryl group. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Slowly absorbable and monofilament PDS suture material causes less tissue reaction and inflammatory response compared to the Vicryl suture material that is absorbable in the colonic anastomosis line and multifilament.

Fibromyalgiasyndrome (FMS) is a long-term common body pain and a defined chronic painsyndrome. Fibromyalgia syndrome is a difficult disease to diagnose. For thisreason, after many unnecessary treatments are applied to the patient, thediagnosis of FMS is usually delayed by clinical examination and evaluation ofthe patient's complaints. In this respect, there is a need for a decisionsupport system that will facilitate the diagnosis of FMS. In this study, byusing the questions asked 351 respondents, 175 FSM patients and 176 healthycontrol subjects and experimental data, FMS classification was performed withSupport Vector Machines which is one of machine learning methods and 85%success was achieved., Fibromiyalji sendromu (FMS), uzun süreli yaygın vücutağrısı ve tanımlanmış kronik bir ağrı sendromudur. Fibromiyalji Sendromu tanısıkonulması zor bir hastalıktır. Bu sebeple, genellikle FMS tanısı, hastayagereksiz birçok tedavi uygulandıktan sonra, klinik muayene ve hastanınyakınmalarının değerlendirilmesi ile geçikmeli olarak konulur. Bu açıdan FMSteşhisini kolaylaştıracak bir karar destek sistemine ihtiyaç vardır. Buçalışmada, 175 FSM hastası ve 176 sağlıklı kontrol bireyi olmak üzere toplam351 bireye sorulan sorular ve deneysel veriler kullanılarak makine öğrenmesiyöntemlerinden Destek Vektör Makineleri ile FMS sınıflaması yapılmış ve yüzde85 başarı elde edilmiştir.

Göz kapağı, konjunktival ve orbital tümörler dünya genelinde tüm kanser türleri arasında nadir görülen fakat optomolojide en yaygın tümör tiplerindendir. Göz kapağı birçok doku tipi içerdiğinden dolayı, benign ve malign tümörlerin çeşitli tipleri içerebilmektedir. Göz kapağı tümörlerinin % 90'dan fazlasını bazal hücre karsinomu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubumuzun büyük bir kısmı da bazal hücre karsinomu hastalarından oluşuyordu. BRCA1 ile ilişkili protein-1 (BAP1) bir tümör baskılayıcı gendir ve BRCA1 proteinin RING finger domaini etkileşime giren bir proteindir. O-bağlı N-asetil transferaz (OGT), N-asetilglikozaminin treonin ya da serin rezidülerine O-glikozidik bağla eklenmesini katalizler. Ying Yang1 (YY1), BAP1 ve OGT ile etkileşime giren bir transkripsiyon faktörüdür. Biz bu çalışmada göz kapağı, konjunktival ve orbital tümörlü 20 hastada BAP1, OGT ve YY1 ekspresyon düzeylerini Real Time PCR (RT-PCR), Enzim bağlı immünosorbent Analiz (ELİSA) ve immünohistokimya (IHK) gibi yöntemleri ile belirledik. RT-PCR yöntemiyle yapılan analizlerde BAP1, OGT ve YY1 ekspresyon düzeylerin artış gözlenmesine rağmen istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptamadı (p>0,05). Ancak ELİSA ve IHK gibi yöntemleriyle yapılan analizde BAP1ve YY1 ekspresyon düzeylerinde kontrol gruplarına göre anlamlı bir artış kaydedildi (p 0.05). However, a statistically significant correlation was found between BAP1 and YY1 expression levels in ELISA and IHK (p

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder which affects mostly women in the reproductive age (1/1000). In the present case report we aimed to emphasize the key points related to the anesthetic management for the cesarean delivery of a parturient with 4th grade nephropathy due to SLE.