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We report the direct observations of the correlation of higher order modes (HOMs) generated by off-axis electron beam steering in TESLA-type SCRF cavities and sub-macropulse beam centroid shifts (with the concomitant effect on averaged beam size and emittance). The experiments were performed at the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility using its unique configuration of a PC rf gun injecting beam into two separated 9-cell cavities in series with corrector magnets and beam position monitors (BPMs) located before, between, and after them. The ~100-kHz oscillations with up to 300-μm amplitudes at downstream locations were observed in a 3-MHz micropulse repetition rate beam with charges of 500 and 1000 pC/b, although the effects were much reduced at 100 pC/b. The studies were based on HOM detector circuitry targeting the first and second dipole passbands, rf BPM bunch-by-bunch data, and imaging cameras viewing multi-slit images for emittance assessments at 33 MeV. Initial calculations reproduced a key feature of the phenomena. In principle, these results may be scaled to cryomodule configurations of major accelerator facilities., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Coherent Smith Purcell radiation allows the measurement of a beam longitudinal profile through the study of the emission spectrum of the radiation emitted when a grating is brought close from the beam. In order to increase the dynamic range of our measurements we have used several gratings and we report on the measured bunch form factor using this technique. We report on these measurements and on the background rejection used., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Recently a transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback kicker was installed in SPEAR3 to control beam instabilities, remove unwanted satellite bunches and test resonant bunch excitation schemes for short pulse x-ray production. In conjunction with DIMTEL processing electronics, the feedback system can successfully stabilize undesirable beam modes and opens up the potential for more advanced investigations of bunch-by-bunch beam dynamics. To streamline the process, a graphical user interface was developed that allows the user to 'script' beam physics measurements from a single panel. At the press of a button the panel automatically downloads the measurement parameters, acquires the raw data and provides graphical displays of the beam response with calculated metadata. In this paper we present the interface format and examples of automated measurements., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is a fast cycling hadron accelerator delivering protons with momenta of up to 450 GeV/c for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), fixed target experiments and other users such as the AWAKE plasma acceleration experiment, and also used to accelerate heavy ions. This paper presents the upgrade initiative for the SPS beam position measurement system in the frame of the CERN LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) project. The new SPS beam position read-out electronics will be based on logarithmic amplifiers, using signals provided by the 216 existing beam position monitors, the majority of which are based on split-plane 'shoebox' technology. It will need to cover a dynamic range sufficient to manage the wide range of SPS beam intensities and bunch formatting schemes to provide turn-by-turn and averaged beam orbits along the SPS acceleration cycles. In order to avoid long coaxial cables, the front-end electronics including the digitisation, will be located inside the accelerator tunnel, with optical transmission to surface processing electronics. This represents an additional challenge in terms of radiation tolerance of electronics components and materials., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Modern particle accelerators utilize photoinjectors and compression schemes to produce short high peak current electron bunches for various applications like x-ray free electron lasers, high gradient beam driven acceleration and others. Bunch length detection is a desired diagnostics for such machines. In this paper we describe a non-invasive, real-time detector which can be retrofitted into an existing beamline and measure the bunch length in real time using interferometric methods. Diffraction radiation is the mechanism to be used to produce a measurable signal without intercepting the beam. This became possible as sensitivity of pyrodetectors improved over the years, while peak beam power grew. For high peak current beams there is a possibility of a single shot measurement. This can be done with a pair of closely placed vacuum breaks that create a spatial correlation of the generated signals which can be measured by a pyro-detector array or a THz camera. The bunch length is determined from the correlation data using an iterative beam profile recovery algorithm., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

For the future Long Baseline Neutrino Facility at Fermilab, a new radiation-robust hadron beam profile monitor has been proposed consisting of an interface of gas-filled radiofrequency cavity detectors in the backward region of the LBNF decay pipe. A tailored monitor layout will be used along with the new RF instrumentation. Proposed designs for the detector configuration include a variety of radially symmetric arrangements of RF resonators located at the position of maximum gradient in the beam distribution across the monitor. Until the final detector cavities are available, a prototype tunable Q-factor RF cavity will provide functional emulation for studies of the monitor layout configurations presented here., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

We have been studying a compact electron accelerator based on an S-band Cs-Te photocathode rf electron gun at Waseda University. We are applying this high quality electron beam to soft X-ray generation, coherent THz wave generation and pulse radiolysis experiment. In these applications, longitudinal parameters of the electron beam are important. Thus, we developed the RF deflecting cavity which can directly convert longitudinal distribution of the beam to transverse with high temporal resolution, and succeeded in measuring longitudinal profile of an electron beam from the RF gun. Encouraged by these successful results, we started to measure slice emittance. Slice emittance would be very useful for improving the RF electron gun cavity. Therefore, we tried to measure the slice emittance of the electron beam by applying the Q-scan method to deflected beam by RF deflecting cavity. In this conference, we will report the principle, experimental results of the slice emittance measurement, and future prospects., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

There are two X-ray diagnostic beamlines (XDB) developed at NSLS-II storage ring to measure emittance, energy spread, and other machine parameters. The first beamline utilizes a soft bending magnet radiation has been in operation since 2014. The tungsten pinhole originally located in the air had corrosion issue. The beamline has been improved by extending the vacuum to the imaging system. The second X-ray pinhole beamline using three-pole wiggler (TPW) radiation has been constructed and commissioned recently. Energy spread is able to be precisely measured due to large dispersion at the source point. A gated camera is equipped with the new beamline to acquire profiles within one turn. Recent operation experience and beam measurements will be presented in this paper., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

In the development of low charge, single-shot diagnostics for high brightness electron beams, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) grids present certain advantages compared to pepper pot masks due to higher beam transmission. In this paper, we developed a set of criteria to optimize the resolution of a point projection image. However, this configuration of the beam with respect to the grid and detector positions implies the measurement of a strongly correlated phase space which entails a large sensitivity to small measurement errors in retrieving the projected emittance. We discuss the possibility of an alternative scheme by inserting a magnetic focusing system in between the grid and the detector, similar to an electron microscope design, to reconstruct the phase space when the beam is focused on the grid., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A pixel ionization chamber for beam profile monitor (BPrM) is designed and manufactured by a new technology .The detector will be installed on the beam line just upstream of the target device of XiPAF. It has many advantages such as high resolution, high radiation hardness and it can work as a real-time monitor to show the distribution of the delivered relative dose. The physics design and construction of the detector are described in this paper, and its performances are tested offline., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The HLS-II storage ring is a crucial part of Hefei Light Source. Tune is one of the most important parameters of the electron storage ring, of which the tune measurement system is an integral component. In this paper, the design of a new tune measurement system based on BBQ (base band tune), is presented. Some experiments are performed to test this system. The new system is compared with the original system and the TBT (turn-by-turn) method respectively. The obtained results illustrate higher accuracy and higher stability for the new system. A new approach of calculating the betatron oscillation amplitude is proposed, and the betatron oscillation amplitudes in the normal running stage for the HLS-II storage ring are estimated at 95 nm (horizontal) and 60 nm (vertical)., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Based on an electro-optical intensity modulation detection scheme, a Bunch Arrival-time Monitor (BAM) is under study at Shanghai soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (SXFEL) to meet the high-resolution requirements of the measurement of bunch arrival time. The first BAM is installed and is being tested at the SXFEL upstream of the first short undulator (modulator) near the seed laser injection point. In this paper, we present the basic working principle, the design of the BAM system and report the preliminary test results., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics Gamma Beam Source (ELI-NP GBS) will be installed and commissioned starting within the next year in Magurele, Romania. It will generate gamma beam through Compton back-scattering of a recirculated laser and a multi-bunch electron beam, produced by a 720 MeV LINAC. In order to obtain bunch by bunch position measurements, four cavity beam position monitors (cBPM) near the two interaction points are foreseen. Extensive tests on the cBPM read-out electronics, recently developed by Instrumentation Technologies and acquired for ELI-NP GBS, were performed in laboratory at INFN-LNF and at FLASH in DESY, during the user operation. In the latter case, three cBPMs installed along the LINAC, with similar features as the ones of ELI-NP GBS, were used as measuring devices and signal sources for the read-out electronics under test. We present here the measurements collected and the related analysis, with a particular focus on the beam position measurement resolution., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A fast photodetector is used to monitor the bunch duration in the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR). The Bunch Duration Monitor (BDM) diagnostic provides an accurate measure of the PAR bunch length. PAR BDM data show good agreement with streak camera measurements. The BDM is based on the metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector Hamamatsu G4176-03 MSM with specified rise and fall times of 30 ps. The BDM has sufficient frequency response to resolve the PAR bunch near extraction where, under low-charge conditions, minimum rms pulse durations of 200-300 ps are observed. Beam from the PAR is injected into the Booster; for efficient capture, injected rms bunch duration from the PAR must be less than 600 ps. The MSM detector exhibits a ringing response to fast input signals. To overcome this, the BDM output is de-convolved with the impulse response function of the detector-amplifier circuit. Turn-by-turn bunch duration data is presented versus charge and time in the PAR cycle. Charge calibration is used to determine fit parameters for bunch duration measurements in peak-detection mode. Observations relevant to APS Upgrade high-charge studies are presented., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is a research electron and proton storage ring currently being commissioned at Fermilab's Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility. An extensive beam physics research program is planned, including tests of novel techniques for improving beam intensity, stability, and emittance. A key part of IOTA beam diagnostics suite are synchrotron light beam monitors, mounted onto each dipole. In this paper, we present the hardware and software design of this system. Mechanical layout and actuator control electronics are described. High throughput image acquisition and analysis architecture is outlined, and its preliminary performance is explored. Integration of the system within accelerator control network and possible user applications, such as camera auto-focusing, are discussed., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Filling pattern affects various operation performance of a synchrotron light source. A new diagnostic beam charge monitor (BCM) with high bandwidth multi-channels digitizer was developed to perform bunch-by-bunch charge measurement and record filling pattern for SSRF storage ring. Signals picked up from button elec-trodes were sampled synchronously with RF frequency, and IQ (In-phase and Quadrature phase) sampling meth-od was employed for noise-filtering and phase independ-ence calibration. Layout and evaluation experiment of the system are presented in this paper., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A non-interceptive beam current monitor has been developed to investigate the measurement possibilities of low-intensity beams down to 1 nA for proton therapy machines without the drawback of interceptive monitors. This works on the principle of a reentrant cavity resonator such that its fundamental mode resonance frequency of 145.7 MHz matches the second harmonic of the pulse repetition rate of the cyclotron beam i.e. 72.85 MHz. The Driven Modal analysis from the simulation tool ANSYS HFSS was used for parametric model development and to optimize design parameters such as e.g. the position of the inductively coupled pick-ups. A ceramic plate has been inserted in the resonator gap to relax the precision required during manufacturing. A test bench has been designed and constructed for the characterization tests of the prototype. Comparison of the simulated and the experimental scattering parameter from the test bench shows a good agreement., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A tilted bunch traversing a button beam profile monitor will produce signals on opposite pickup electrodes that will have different degrees of distortion depending on the tilt angle. In particular, the zero-crossing time difference between the two signals will be approximately proportional to the tilt angle. We perform simulations to study this effect as a possible diagnostic tool for measuring the crabbing angles in a future electron-ion collider., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Determination of the properties of a beam during transport is a vital process for most accelerator-related experiments; for example Fermilab's Muon g-2 experiment requires large numbers of muons to be stored in a storage ring of 7 meter radius, and the transmission fraction has been shown to depend strongly on the properties of the beam, specifically the Twiss parameters. The current equipment in the muon campus beamlines allows only measurement of beam profiles which limits how well propagation can be predicted, however by using the well-studied quad-scan technique it is possible to obtain all of the Twiss parameters at a point using these profiles. Experimental quad-scans of muon beams have not yet been reported, this paper introduces the quad-scan technique and then goes on to discuss the analysis of one such experiment and the results obtained, showing that such a technique is applicable in the muon g-2 experiment to obtain the Twiss parameters without requiring installation of new equipment., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Optical methods for non-invasive beam diagnostics of high current H⁻ ion accelerators have been developed in recent years*, **. Such laserwires typically measure a 1D beam profile and/or 2D transverse emittance from the products of photo-detached ions as a laser beam is scanned across the H⁻ beam. For laser pulse durations (~80ns) longer than the RF period (~3ns), the detector integrates many complete bunches, enabling only transverse beam monitoring. This paper presents a new technique to capture a series of time resolved transverse emittance measurements along the bunch train. A fast (~10ps) pulsed laser photo-detaches ions within each bunch and is synchronized to sample consecutive bunches at certain longitudinal positions along each bunch. A fast detector records the spatial distribution and time-of-flight of the neutralized H⁰, thus both the transverse and longitudinal emittance are reconstructed. We present simulations of a time varying pulsed laser field interacting within an H⁻ bunch, and estimate the yield, spatial and time distributions of H⁰ arriving at the detector. We summarise the design of a recently funded longitudinal laserwire being installed in FETS at RAL, UK., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The iPipe project consists in the instrumentation, with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs), of the beam pipe of the CMS experiment, which is part of the LHC. Being spectrally encoded, the FBGs are not sensitive to electromagnetic interference and broadband-radiation-induced losses. These characteristics allow to realize long distance punctual sensing systems, capable to operate in harsh environments like the underground experimental and accelerator facilities at CERN. The iPipe secures the measurement of any deformation induced on the central beam pipe by any motion in the CMS detector due to element displacement or to magnetic field induced deformations. Moreover, the iPipe FBG temperature sensors represent a unique solution to monitor the beam pipe thermal behavior during the various operational and maintenance phases. This paper reports the use of the iPipe to measure the beam induced heating on the CMS vacuum chamber throughout 2016 and 2017. A first comparison between the measurements and the heat load predicted from beam induced RF heating due to the coupling impedance of the CMS pipe is also reported., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The emittance of a field emission cathode can be difficult to measure close to the emitter, due to the high average current density of the beam and the potential for desorbed material from an imaging screen to contaminate the cathode. We present the design for a dual fixed-slit emittance measurement system for a field emitter cathode, implemented using electrostatic deflecting plates. Results from fabrication and initial testing will be presented., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A high brightness electron Linac is being built in the Compton Gamma Source at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania. To achieve the design luminosity, a train of 32 bunches, 16 ns spaced, with a nominal charge of 250 pC will collide with the laser beam in the interaction point. Electron beam spot size is measured with optical transition radiation (OTR) profile monitors. Furthermore, OTR angular distribution strongly depends on beam energy. Since OTR screens are typically placed in several positions along the Linac to monitor beam envelope, one may perform a distributed energy measurement along the machine. This will be useful, for instance, during the commissioning phase of the GBS in order to verify the correct functionality of the C-Band accelerating structures, due to the fact that there are OTR screens after each accelerating module. This paper deals with the studies of different optic configurations to achieve the field of view, resolution and accuracy in order to measure the energy of the beam. Several configurations of the optical detection line will be studied with simulation tools (e.g. Zemax)., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The Tune Shift With Amplitude (TSWA) does not only determine the position of the stable fix points for the Transverse Resonant Island Buckets (TRIBs) but also represents a global observable for the nonlinear optics in general. For theoretical investigations of the TRIBs a reliable nonlinear optics of the machine is required and thus all measurable global observables for the nonlinear optics are of great interest. The measurement of the TSWA for the BESSY II standard optics was performed using an injection kicker to excite high amplitude betatron oscillations and then extract the amplitude dependant frequency from the synchrotron radiation damped oscillation with a Hilbert transformation. With TRIBs optics the injection kicker was not able to sufficienty excite the beam. The impact and correctability of the BPM nonlinearity at the reached amplitudes and the reason for the failure of the excitation method for our TRIBs optics shall be looked onto in this paper., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The high repetition-rate and high peak brilliance of X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) allow studying many scientific experiments that have not been feasible. To realize such high performance, a sub-micron beam transverse position measurement is required. The cavity-type beam position monitor (CBPM), as a non-destructive diagnostics tool with high potential in resolution performance, has been applied in different free electron laser facilities (FELs). In this research, an X-band high bandwidth CBPM has been studied and used for pre-research on bunch-by-bunch diagnostic for the pulsed FEL with high repetition-rate. Its bandwidth reaches 300 MHz. Design considerations and simulation results of the CBPM have been discussed and presented in this paper., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

We proposed and tested the method that allows obtaining of an upper limit for an angle of the RF resonator axis inclination relative to a beam axis. Such disturbance gives an additional contribution to separation of electron and positron orbits due to action of the transverse component of the electric field. In the horizontal plane, this effect can lead to increase of the difference between electrons and positrons spin precession frequencies in a storage mono-ring collider. This effect can play a great role in FCC. At the angular disturbance of axis in the certain VEPP-4M RF resonators ~10⁻³ rad, the difference between the spin frequencies is about 10⁻⁸. Our method is based on resonant excitation of betatron oscillations using phase modulation of the master oscillator of the RF system. The maximal amplitude of the enforced oscillations is measured by the counting rate of the VEPP-4M Touschek polarimeter scintillation counters. Comparison of the obtained results with the data of the special calibration experiment allows estimating the value of the inclination angle. In this calibrated experiment the betatron oscillations excite using the VEPP-4M kicker., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

An ionization profile monitor has been recently installed in the CERN proton synchrotron. We design a novel and simple structure field cage that suppresses the secondary electrons that are induced by the ionized ions. We discuss a field cage design, and the systematic error on the basis of beam size and emittance, considering the non-uniformity of the fields, the space-charge effect of the beam, and the lattice parameter errors., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A wire scanner monitor using metallic wire is reliably employed for the beam profile measurement in the J-PARC linac. Because the loading of negative hydrogen (H⁻) ion beam on a wire increases under high-current beam operation, we focus on using a high-durability beam profile monitors by attaching another wire material. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are made of graphite in a cylindrical shape and have a tensile strength not less than 100 times that of steel. The electric conductivity has higher than that of metals, and hardness is endured thermally around 3000°C in a vacuum circumstance. We applied the CNT wires to WSM and measured transverse profiles with a 3-MeV and 191-MeV H⁻ beam. As a result, we obtained the equivalent signal levels taken by carbon wire made of polyacrylonitrile without any damage. In this paper, the signal response when the CNT is irradiated with an H⁻ beam and the result of beam profile measurement. In addition, the surface of CNT after 3-MeV beam operation was observed., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

For the electron accelerator, it is hoped that the trajec-tory of the beam can pass through the magnetic center of the quadrupole to minimize the orbital motion caused by the instability of the power supply. The relative deviation between the magnetic center of quadrupole and the elec-tric center of adjacent BPM is measured by electron beam usually in various accelerator facilities. But for the stripline BPM (SBPM) system, in order to achieve the best performance, the beam trajectory should also need to pass through the electrical center of the SBPM system. In this paper, a beam based method to optimize the SBPM system was proposed, the intensity of the magnet power was scanned to change the beam position in two-dimension and combine the change trend of the sum signal of adjacent SBPM to find out the relative deviation of BPM electric center and mechanical center. Relevant beam experiment work on the Shanghai Soft X-ray free electron laser (SXFEL) and the benefit of this method will be addressed as well., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a versatile tool for various accelerator diagnostics aspects. Amongst others it allows a precise determination of the filling pattern. At the visible light diagnostics port at the Karlsruhe Research Accelerator (KARA), the KIT storage ring, a Single-Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) in combination with a histogramming device (PicoHarp) is used. To compensate for possible dead-time effects, a correction scheme was developed and tested successfully. The compensation increases the dynamic range in which accurate measurements are possible and avoids distortion of the measured filling pattern. This contribution presents the experimental setup, as well as a series of benchmark measurements., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system is essential to beam diagnostics for almost all particle accelerators. However, a typical BPM system contains customized hardware and complicated processing electronics which considerably drive the cost for large facilities where hundreds of them may be used. It also limits its use in the small scale accelerator facilities. In the paper, we present a low cost BPM system which consists of a commercial available CF flange based signal pickup device, a low cost integrated circuit adjacent to the pickup to filter, sample, digitize, and broadcast the signals out of the pickup electrodes. The digital signal is transmitted out for post processing through noise-protected Wi-Fi router. We will briefly discuss the working principle and experimental progress to date., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A nitrogen gas sheet will measure the two dimensional transverse profile of the 2.5 MeV proton beam in IOTA. The beam lifetime is limited by the interaction with the gas, thus a minimally invasive instrument is required. To produce a gas sheet with the desired density and thickness, various nozzle types are being investigated, including rectangular capillary tubes for gas injection and skimmers for final shaping of the gas. It is essential to meet vacuum requirements in the interaction chamber while maintaining the precise thickness and density of the gas, without significantly affecting the beam lifetime. The current design of a gas sheet beam profile monitor and present status will be discussed., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) is currently in the preliminary design phase for a multi-bend acromat (MBA) lattice upgrade. Beam stability is critical where the requirements are driven from the beam size which is expected to approach 4 microns vertically at the insertion device (ID) source points. AC rms beam stability requirements are defined as 10 % the minimum source size at the ID in the band 0.01-1000 Hz. The vertical plane stability goal is the most ambitious requiring a stability of 400 nm at the ID source point. In addition, long term drift defined as motion over a seven day timescale can be no more than 1 micron. In order to achieve these demanding beam stability requirements, a suite of beam diagnostics will be required including rf BPMs, X-ray BPMs, a mechanical motion measurement system, beam size monitors and a real time orbit feedback system. In addition, a tune measurement system, transverse multi-bunch feedback system and current monitors are planned for the upgrade. We report on the beam diagnostics design and APS storage ring R&D results used to inform the design., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Sizeable lifetime jumps have been observed sporadically since March 2016 at NSLS-II. These jumps were found to coincide with insertion device (ID) gap motions. Particularly, one of the in-vacuum undulators (IVUs) at Cell 17 was discovered to have large localized skew quadrupole component variation with gap. To allow the machine to operate stably in the low-emittance mode, a global coupling feedforward system has been recently implemented and successfully deployed. After installation of a new additional skew quadrupole, coupling compensation of this ID is now performed by a local coupling feedforward system. Furthermore, the maximum gap limit of all the existing IVUs has been decreased from 40 mm to 25 mm to limit the skew component variation during user operation., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Beam instability is a serious problem for physics in beam diagnosis technology. With regard to the evaluation of longitudinal phase oscillations during the transient injection process, bunch-by-bunch phase measurement is a useful tool for studying the behavior of the refilled bunches. A new upgraded beam phase monitor system with 1.2GHz bandwidth PXI waveform digitizer has been developed at Shanghai synchrotron radiation source (SSRF). Bunch-by-bunch phase information, retrieved from button pickup signals, is calculated by the zero-crossing detection method with the best phase resolution of 0.4ps. The refilled bunches can be separated from the stored ones, and the longitudinal offset of each refilled bunch has been measured. Several groups of experiments have been performed to verify the repeatability of bunch-by-bunch phase measurement, and some results regarding refilled bunches will be discussed in this paper., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

A distributed beam loss monitoring system, based on Cherenkov silica fibres, has been installed at the Australian Synchrotron. The fibres are installed parallel to the beam pipe and cover the majority of the injection system and storage ring. Relativistic charged particles from beam loss events that have a velocity above the Cherenkov threshold produce photons in the fibres. These photons are then guided along the fibres to detectors outside of the accelerator tunnels. Originally the system was installed to determine its suitability for measuring losses at a future linear collider, such as the Compact Linear Collider, with single pass 150 ns bunch trains. This study builds on these results and attempts to use the system to measure loss locations with a circulating beam. We present the preliminary results and describe how the system could be improved., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Since 2009 an X-ray pinhole camera that has been used to present the transverse beam size and emittance on diagnostic beam line of the storage ring at SSRF. The real beam size is a function of the image size of the CCD camera and point spread function (PSF) of the system. The performance of the measurement of the transverse electron beam size is given by the width of the PSF of X-ray pinhole camera. The contributions to the PSF width are the PSF of pinhole itself due to diffraction, and the PSF of the screen and camera. An X-ray monochromatic system has been established to measure the PSF accurately, and decrease the variation in the beam size between the theoretical values and the measured ones at SSRF. In this article, both calculated and measured PSF of quasi-monochromatic X-ray pinhole camera will be presented in detail., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Muons, Inc. proposes to develop a Residual-Gas Beam Profile Monitor for Transfer Lines with pulse-to-pulse precision of better than 0.1 mm in position and size that will operate over a wide range of proton beam intensities including those needed for multi-MW beams of future facilities. Traditional solid-based beam intercepting instrumentation produces unallowable levels of radiation at high powers. Our alternative approach is to use a low mass residual-gas profile monitor, where ionization electrons are collected along extended magnetic field lines and the gas composi-tion and pressure in the beam pipe are locally controlled to minimize unwanted radiation and to improve resolu-tion. Beam Induced Fluorescence profile monitor with micrascope light collection is proposed., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

In order to mitigate the beam loss during a beam transportation in a high-brilliant accelerator facilities, wire-based profile monitors are used to measure by both transverse and longitudinal beam profiles using wire-scanner monitors (WSMs) and bunch-shape monitors (BSMs) for the tuning of quadrupole magnets and bunching cavities. Signals are come from the direct interaction between a metallic wire and beam. We have used the tungsten wire as a high melting-point material by estimation of heat loading during the impact of beam particles. In addition, a spring is applied for the relaxing a sag under wire's own weight. A tensile fracture test is conducted by supplying an electrical current as a simulated beam-heat loading. As the results, we obtained the relation between the thermal limit to break down and tension loading of tungsten wire., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

High-resolution bunch length measurement is of the utmost importance for current and future generations of light sources and linacs. It is also key to the optimisation of the final beam quality in plasma-based acceleration. We present progress in the development of a novel RMS bunch length monitor based on imaging the coherent diffraction radiation (CDR) produced by a non-invasive circular aperture. Due to the bunch lengths involved, the radiation produced is in the THz range. This has led to the development of a novel THz imaging system, which can be applied to low energy electron beams. For high energy beams the imaging system can be used as a single shot technique. Simulation results show that the profile of a CDR image of a beam is sensitive to bunch length and can thus be used as a diagnostic. The associated benefits of this imaging distribution methodology over the typical angular distribution measurement are discussed. Plans for experiments conducted at the SwissFEL (PSI, Switzerland), along with plans for future high energy single shot measurements are also presented., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Pulse magnets are used in storage ring injection kickers. The waveform of the the four kickers have strong relation with injection efficiency. A slightly offset of waveform may cause the four kickers mismatched, which would lead to storaged beam loss and decrease injection efficiency. In order to define the peak value and timing of the half-sine waveform which has noises interfering diagnosis, a curve-fitting method was introduced to monitor and fine-tuning the waveform. The waveforms' data are also archived for reference in case of replacing power supplies. By using this method, it helps to retain a consistent injection efficiency after the power supplies maintenance or replacement., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The Jefferson Lab Electron-Ion Collider (JLEIC) design relies on cooling of the ion beam with bunched electron beam. The bunched beam cooler complex consists of a high current magnetized electron source, an energy recovery linac, a circulating ring, and a pair of long solenoids where the cooling takes place. A non-invasive real time monitoring system is highly desired to quantify electron beam magnetization. The authors propose to use a passive copper RF cavity in TE011 mode as such a monitor. In this paper, we will show the mechanism and scaling law of this device, as well as the design and testing results of the prototype cavity., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Based on recent measurements of incoherent Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) performed on the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we present here a concept for the centering of charged particle beams when passing close to dielectric material. This would find applications as beam instrumentation in dielectric capillary tubes, typically used in novel accelerating technologies, as well as in collimators using bent crystals for high-energy, high-intensity hadron beams, such as the Large Hadron Collid-er or Future Circular Collider. As a charged particle beam travels at a distance of a few mm or less from the surface of a dielectric material, incoherent ChDR is produced inside the dielectric. The photons are emitted at a large and well-defined angle that allows their detection with a limited contribution of background light. A set of ChDR detectors distributed around a dielectric would enable both the beam position and tilt angle to be measured with a good resolution., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Proceedings of the 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2018, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr 2018 - 4 May 2018; JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland 2091-2094 (2018). doi:10.18429/JACOW-IPAC2018-WEPAK006, The existing GSI accelerator will become the injector for FAIR. To preserve and enhance the current experimental program at UNILAC, a new Linac is under development, which shall run in parallel to the FAIR injector, providing cw-beams of ions at energies from 3.5 - 7.3 MeV/u. For this cw-Linac a superconducting prototype cavity has been developed and was first operated with beam in summer 2017. The resonator is a cross-bar H-structure (CH) of 0.7 m length, with a resonant frequency of 216.8 MHz. It has been installed behind the GSI High Charge State Injector (HLI), which provided 10⁸ MHz bunches of 1.4 MeV/u Ar⁶⁺/9+/11+ ions at a duty cycle of 25 %. Due to the frequency jump and small longitudinal acceptance of the CH, proper matching of the HLI beam to the prototype was required. The bunch properties of the injected beam as well as the effect of different phase- and amplitude-settings of the cavity were measured in detail with a bunch shape monitor (BSM) fabricated at INR, Moscow, while the mean energy was analyzed by time of flight method. In this contribution, the bunch shape measurements are described and the capabilities of the used BSM measurement principle are discussed., Published by JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland

The Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment (AWAKE) is a project at CERN aiming to accelerate an electron bunch in a plasma wakefield driven by a proton bunch*. The plasma is induced in a 10 m long Rubidium vapour cell using a pulsed Ti:Sapphire laser, with the wakefield formed by a proton bunch from the CERN SPS. A 16 MeV electron bunch is simultaneously injected into the plasma cell to be accelerated by the wakefield to energies in GeV range over this short distance. After successful runs with the proton and laser beams, the electron beam line was installed and commissioned at the end of 2017 to produce and inject a suitable electron bunch into the plasma cell. To achieve the goals of the experiment, it is important to have reliable beam instrumentation measuring the various parameters of the proton, electron and laser beams such as transverse position, transverse profile as well as temporal synchronization. This contribution presents the status of the beam instrumentation in AWAKE, including the new instruments incorporated into the system for measurements with the electron beam line, and reports on the performance achieved during the AWAKE runs in 2017., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

We study the relative position of the electron and posi-tron closed orbits in the VEPP-4M single storage ring collider in experiments on orbit precision monitoring. A difference in the orbits can affect the accuracy of several fundamental experiments, e.g. precise comparison of the electron and positron spin frequencies (the CPT invari-ance test) [1]. In this case, the spin precession frequencies of particles should be compared within at least 5·10⁻⁹. The distinction of frequencies depends on the features of the radial orbits. Ideally, the difference in the electron and positron orbits is set only by distributed radiation losses of particle energy. The corresponding contribution to the total orbit distortions is called the Saw-Tooth effect orbit. Another example of possible precision experiment at VEPP-4M is search for the light speed anisotropy (LSA). In this case, it is necessary to ensure a stability of the difference in the radial orbits of electrons and positrons at a level of 1μm., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (SXFEL) is a test facility to study key technologies and new FEL physics. In order to deliver high quality electron beams to the undulator section, a high resolution (better than 10 microns with 200pC beam) Linac beam position monitor system has been developed. The system consists of stripline pickup and custom designed DBPM processor. The hardware and software architecture will be introduced in this paper. The online performance evaluation results will be presented as well., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The waveguide coupling is an important way to extract the signals of the specific eigenmodes required. The design of the waveguide coupler, including the waveguide-to-coaxial adapter behind it for the cavity bunch length monitor is presented. The influence of the dimension parameters is analyzed, which offers the theoretical support for the design and application of cavity bunch length monitor or cavity beam position monitor (CBPM). A series simulation based on CST is performed to verify the feasibility, and the simulation results show good performance., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

CNAO in Pavia is one of the first centers for hadrontherapy in Europe, treating patients since 2011. The center is an international reference for a whole new concept of machines being constructed for this purpose. The synchrotron BPM electronics is based on analog boards that compute the ratio between difference and sum signals from the shoebox pickup, later acquired by digital cards. Although the system operates reliably, it just calculates the position with 1kHz rate, while the revolution frequency ranges from 0.5 to 3 MHz. To extend the measurement possibilities for these new hadron synchrotrons, Instrumentation Technologies is developing a data acquisition system capable of acquiring the pickup signals with 125MSps ADCs and calculating bunchbybunch positions of the accelerated beam. The first prototype was tested at CNAO: the turnbyturn beam position was analyzed off line, at different energies and positions with both Protons and Carbon ions beam. This paper will presents the results achieved with the system and compares them with the measurements of the current system., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The exploitation of optical transition radiation (OTR) in imaging-based diagnostics for charged particle beams is a well-established technique. Simulations of the expected OTR transverse beam profiles are therefore important in both the design of such imaging systems and the analysis of the data. Simulating OTR images is relatively straightforward for low energy electron beams. However, in the near future electron machines will be using high-energy and low-emittance beams. Using such parameters can be challenging to simulate, and can be limiting in their account of practical factors, e.g. chromatic aberrations. In this work we show systematically that the use of low-energy parameters in high-energy OTR image simulations induces little deviation in the resulting transverse beam profiles. Simulations therefore become much easier to perform, and further analysis may be performed. This opens up exciting opportunities to perform simulations quicker and with reduced demands on the computation requirements. It will be shown in this contribution how this approach will enable enhanced ways to optimize OTR diagnostics., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada