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Context: Doxorubicin is an anticancer drug that can adversely affect the liver. Therefore, seeking medical attention to manage pain and minimize side effects is crucial. Aims: To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of Vitis gracilis Wall. nanoherbs against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: The study included five treatment groups: T0 (negative control), T+ (positive control with doxorubicin alone), TC (doxorubicin + vitamin C at 0.2 mg/kg body weight/day), T125 (doxorubicin + V. gracilis at 125 mg/kg body weight/day), and T150 (doxorubicin + V. gracilis at 150 mg/kg body weight/day). Doxorubicin, administered intraperitoneally at 0.0019 mg/kg body weight once a week for three weeks, induced hepatotoxicity in the T+ group. Results: Serum transaminases were significantly reduced in the T125 and T150 groups, indicative of the hepatoprotective effects of V. gracilis. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the modulation of key markers, with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α and increased levels of anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 in the T125 and T150 groups. The activities of oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase and caspase 3, were favorably influenced by V. gracilis nanoherb treatment. Conclusions: These findings suggest that V. gracilis nanoherbs may effectively attenuate doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity, evidenced by biochemical and immunohistochemical changes. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of V. gracilis nanoherbs as a potential adjunctive therapy in preventing chemotherapy-associated liver damage.

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an acute functional kidney disorder that increases morbidity and mortality in children. The mortality rate for critically ill patients accompanied by AKI is quite high and is influenced by the degree of AKI, the severity of the disease, and organ function disorders. Understanding the risk factors of developing AKI in children with critical illness can help prevent AKI. Objective To determine the risk factors for AKI in children with critical illness. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 255 children aged 1 month to 18 years admitted at the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional Public Hospital, Banda Aceh, Aceh, from January to December 2022 using medical record data. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Acute kidney injury occurred in 68 (26.7%) patients. Based on pRIFLE criteria, 34 (50%) patients had AKI in the failure stage. Risk factors for AKI in children with critical illness were in descending order of RR: sepsis (RR 14.3; 95%CI 11.68 to 18.66; P=0.000), mechanical ventilation (RR 12.13; 95%CI 8.75 to 15.98; P=0.000), respiratory disorders (RR 2.51; 95%CI 2.06 to 4.02; P=0.003), congenital heart disease (RR 2.08; 95%CI 2.00 to 3.05; P=0.004), CNS disorders (RR 1.24; 95%CI 1.02 to 2.49; P=0.048), nephrotoxic drug use (RR 1.41; 95%CI 1.24 to 3.08; P=0.000), and age 1 month to 5 years (RR 0.072; 95%CI 0.16 to 0.32; P=0.010). Conclusion Sepsis is a risk factor for AKI in children with critical illness, followed by mechanical ventilation use, respiratory disorders, nephrotoxic drug use. Age

Latar belakang. Insiden sepsis pada negara berkembang sampai saat ini masih tinggi. Banyaknya faktor risiko yang memengaruhi, menjadikan sepsis sebagai penyumbang tingginya angka kematian pada bayi. Diagnosis yang seringkali terlambat ditegakkan karena pemeriksaan kultur darah sebagai Gold Standard baru bisa didapatkan hasilnya setelah beberapa hari. Deteksi dini sepsis neonatorum dapat diltegakkan salah satunya dengan pemeriksaan rasio neutrofil limfosit dan red cell distribution width. Tujuan. Menilai rasio neutrofil limfosit, red cell distribution width, dan faktor risiko pada neonatus dengan diagnosis sepsis di neonatal intensive care unit - NICU Rumah Sakit Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh dengan luaran kematian. Metode. Penelitian desain kohort retrospektif dengan data rekam medis neonatus di NICU Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh, dari Februari hingga Oktober 2023. Sebanyak 43 neonatus dengan diagnosis sepsis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik demografis, hasil laboratorium, serta luaran klinis. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan analisis multivariat dengan SPSS versi 20.0. Hasil. Diperoleh 88,3% neonatus menunjukkan peningkatan NLR, dan 86,05% mengalami peningkatan RDW. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara metode persalinan sectio caesaria (p

The long-term purpose of this community service is to support the autonomy of the university through independent income generation and to encourage the development of a culture of utilizing university research results for the community through the mobile veterinary clinic business carried out by Prof. Noerjanto Teaching Veterinary Hospital. To achieve above objectives, it was necessary to modify the existing clinic vehicle to include an operating room, mini-laboratory and pharmacy. The implementation of activities was carried out for five working days a week, by actively visiting smallholder livestock centers per village per day in the Aceh Besar areas. Services provided included livestock health consultation, treatment, vaccination (an effective measure as a form of protection for animals, synchronization of heat and artificial insemination, and assistance during birth. The diagnosis methods utilize the latest techniques, namely diagnosis and therapy techniques used in the field of veterinary medicine, which were the results of previous research. Mobile Clinic of Prof. Noerjanto's Teaching Veterinary Hospital had been modified by providing an operating table, mini laboratory, pharmacy, and repainting the car, thus increased the attractiveness of the community during the activities were carried out. Mass treatment of livestock in Aceh Besar district had reached the target which services covered five sub-districts. In conclusion, the mobile veterinary clinic in 2017 has successfully modified the clinic car and provided health services in 5 sub-districts in Aceh Besar District.

Latar belakang. Kelahiran bayi dengan risiko tinggi mendapat pelayanan dan perawatan di Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Berbagai faktor risiko dapat memengaruhi kematian neonatus, dan berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan mengenali secara dini masalah yang dihadapi. Salah satunya dengan sistem skoring Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology with Perinatal Extension-II (SNAPPE-II) yang merupakan sistem penilaian untuk memprediksi mortalitas dan morbiditas di unit perawatan intensif neonatal pada 12 jam pertama setelah lahir. Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor risiko mortalitas pada neonatus kurang bulan yang sakit kritis menggunakan skoring SNAPPE-II Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional retrospektif. Data penelitian diambil dari data rekam medis berupa bayi dengan penyakit kritis, yang dinilai menggunakan skoring SNAPPE-II dimulai sejak Oktober 2023- Desember 2023. Hasil. Terdapat 37 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi penelitian. Hasil analisis faktor risiko mortalitas neonatus pada penyakit kritis menggunakan SNAPPE III didapatkan bahwa pH serum darah, rasio PO2/FiO2 dan Berat Badan Lahir (BBL) berhubungan dengan mortalitas neonatus dengan p-value

Objectives The use of technology has rapidly increased in the past century. Artificial intelligence (AI) and information technology (IT) are now applied in healthcare and medical education. The purpose of this study was to assess the readiness of Indonesian teaching staff and pediatric residents for AI integration into the curriculum. Methods An anonymous online survey was distributed among teaching staff and pediatric residents from 15 national universities. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: demographic information and questions regarding the use of IT and AI in child health education. Responses were collected using a 5-point Likert scale: strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, and highly agree. Results A total of 728 pediatric residents and 196 teaching staff from 15 national universities participated in the survey. Over half of the respondents were familiar with the terms IT and AI. The majority agreed that IT and AI have simplified the process of learning theories and skills. All participants were in favor of sharing data to facilitate the development of AI and expressed readiness to incorporate IT and AI into their teaching tools. Conclusions The findings of our study indicate that pediatric residents and teaching staff are ready to implement AI in medical education.

Context: Cellular abnormalities in the ducts and breast tissue cause breast cancer to invade nearby tissues like the liver. The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signals are sent to its receptor and regulate various cellular processes to maintain liver homeostasis. However, this condition has few and inefficient treatments. Breast cancer is characterized by the development of cellular abnormalities within the ducts and breast tissue, leading to the invasion of adjacent tissues, such as the liver. Aims: To examine the impact of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa administration on the expression of the FGF family in cancer animal models, with a specific focus on the liver. Methods: Cancer model rats were administered at dosages of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW for 30 days. Liver tissue and blood serum samples were extracted from the rat. Liver tissue was stained for immunohistochemistry using FGF1, FGF15, FGF19, and FGF21, and blood samples were collected for ELISA analysis. Results: The study found that DMBA in hepatocyte cells degrades parenchyma, making it hydrophilic and necrosating. Hepatocyte cell function improved with the greatest dose of R. tomentosa. The elevation was associated with an area around the portal vein where recently dividing hepatocytes form clusters. Conclusions: The promise of R. tomentosa as a candidate for the development of hepatoprotective medicines in cancer treatment arises from its ability to influence the expression of crucial liver health markers, including FGF1, FGF15, FGF19, and FGF21.

Latar belakang. Respiratory Distress Syndrome merupakan penyebab gangguan pernapasan, sering terjadi pada bayi baru lahir dan juga menjadi penyebab paling umum terjadinya morbiditas dan mortalitas pada neonatus. Salah satu komplikasi yang sering terjadi adalah Acute Kidney Injury. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Respiratory Distress Syndrome dengan kejadian Acute kidney injury pada neonatus di Rumah Sakit dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analitik obervasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan dari pasien yang dirawat dalam periode Januari 2021-Desember 2021. Sampel penelitian adalah populasi terjangkau yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Besar sampel penelitian adalah total populasi. Penelitian bersifat retrospektif dengan variabel dependen dan independen yang diamati secara sekaligus. Hasil. Selama penelitian berlangsung didapatkan 50 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi penelitian, jumlah neonatus berjenis kelamin laki-laki (50%) sebanding dengan perempuan (50%). Usia neonatus terbanyak pada kelompok 3 hari yakni 36 subjek (72%). Mayoritas jenis persalinan dijumpai pada kelompok sectio caesarea yakni 45 subjek (90%). Kelompok usia gestasi 34-36 minggu (preterm) terbanyak yakni 32 subjek (64%). Subjek kelompok Berat badan lahir 1000-7 berhubungan dengan kejadian Acute Kidney Injury. Mayoritas subjek penelitian dengan Respiratory Distress Syndrom tidak dijumpai Acute Kidney Injury, sebanyak 39 subjek (78%) dengan hasil normal. Kesimpulan. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan terdapat hubungan antara Respiratory Distress Syndrom dengan kejadian Acute Kidney Injury (p

This study investigates the unresolved issue of how fertilizer subsidies affect paddy production and farmer income, a critical aspect of Indonesia's agricultural policy that has not been fully understood. By analyzing panel data from 33 provinces between 2019 and 2022 using the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method, the research explores both income dynamics and productivity. Results reveal that NPK and SP36 fertilizers boost paddy yields by 0.198% and 0.155%, respectively, while UREA and ZA have no significant impact on production. Additionally, rising wages reduce production by 1.343% but increase farmer income by 0.332%. These findings highlight the complexity of balancing productivity with farmer welfare, suggesting that while fertilizer subsidies can enhance yields, they are not a universal solution. Policymakers must consider multifaceted approaches that address both productivity and sustainable income growth to ensure long-term welfare improvements for Indonesian farmers.

The invasive plant, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) J. F. Pruski, has been known for its bioactivities and used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Nonetheless, previous research has not directly compared the effectiveness of the plant parts in producing the AuNPs. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the flower and leaf of S. trilobata in synthesizing AuNPs. S. trilobata leaves and flowers were separately extracted using distilled water at 60°C for 30 min. The leaf and flower extracts were mixed with the HAuCl. 3H2O and heated to 60°C for 30 min to yield AuNPs-ALSt and AuNPs-AFSt, respectively. AuNPs were also prepared using trisodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7) as a control. The resultant AuNPs were characterized using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer, and scanning electron microscope. Antioxidant activity was evaluated based on 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition and anticancer activity– 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay against MCF-7 cells. The AuNPs-ALSt and AuNPs-AFSt were revealed to have better stability and smaller particle diameters. AuNPs-ALSt and AuNPs-AFSt had average particle diameters of 11.86 ± 3.37 and 34.86 ± 23.56 nm, respectively. Agglomeration was predominantly observed in AuNPs synthesized using the flower or leaf extract as stipulated to be affected by the insufficient capping agent and intense hydrolytic reaction. AuNPs-AFSt had higher DPPH antioxidant activity than AuNPs-ALSt with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of IC50 123.44 and 168.83 ppm, respectively. Both AuNPs-ALSt and AuNPs-AFSt could inhibit 80% growth of the MCF-7; however, at lower concentrations, inhibitory effects were more pronounced in AuNPs-AFSt. Aqueous extracts of S. trilobata flowers and leaves could be used to synthesize AuNPs, whereas the former yielded AuNPs with higher biological activities.

This research explores a contemporary approach to managing Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) by integrating nano-technology into herbal production, combining Bischofia javanica leaves and Phaleria macrocarpa fruits. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced OSCC rats were treated with nano herbals from Bischofia javanica leaves, Phaleria macrocarpa fruits, a combination of both, and Vitamin C as a control. Blood and organ analyses were compared with negative and positive controls. BaP induction in OSCC revealed cell transformation into carcinoma, confirmed by Papanicolaou staining. OSCC induction also caused significant changes in Complete Blood Count (CBC) and serum lipid profile. Nano herbals from both plants showed potential in reducing hematological and lipid damage in OSCC, especially in white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets. Statistical analysis also indicated that the combination of nano herbals was more effective in reducing (Low-Density Lipoprotein) LDL and total cholesterol levels than uncombined use while increasing (High-Density Lipoprotein) HDL levels comparable to Vitamin C. Liver and kidney functions were also significantly affected by OSCC, with nano herbals showing potential in normalizing albumin levels and positively impacting liver enzymes. In conclusion, both individually and in combination, nano herbals from Bischofia javanica leaves, and Phaleria macrocarpa fruits have the potential to be a promising treatment strategy for OSCC.

The Medan Denai Locale Government has as of late been currently moving towards a spotless climate. Medan Denai Locale will be a model for other sub-regions in their endeavors to work on the nature of a perfect climate. The deterrent faced by individuals of Medan Denai Locale is an absence of inspiration and mindfulness regarding the significance of ecological tidiness. The arrangement that should be possible to conquer these obstructions is by holding a strengthening program completed by the Medan Region government for the local area with the exercises of the Drape Program, the Night Squander Apportioning Project (persami), the Denai Quick Waste Help (persad), and the Waste Development Program for Denai hindering (Denai guardians). The point of this program is to engage the local area by imparting local area mindfulness and worry as well as being straightforwardly associated with molding the climate through related programs. The strategy involved is to gather information through direct perception in the encompassing Medan Denai Locale region by focusing on the treatment of moved squander and keeping up with tidiness over the day. This community empowerment program has allowed Medan Denai District to improve, maintain, and even develop its environmental cleanliness. The results of the research show that the activities of the Curtain Program, the Night Waste Disposal Program (persami), the Denai Fast Waste Service (persad), and the Waste Movement Program for stunting Denai (Denai caregivers) have improved environmental cleanliness and health in the Medan Denai District area. Apart from that, the district government and the community are committed to carrying out the program in a sustainable manner.

The rice yield gap (YG) is a global concern, requiring more detailed studies spatially and temporally. As a staple food in Indonesia, rice was produced from 7.4 Mha paddy fields in 2019. Better insight into the YG helps assess measures to boost rice production. However, the information on YG variation among regions scale is limited. This study aimed to identify the rice YG based on 295 historical trial datasets from 23 provinces in Indonesia. We surveyed published trial results from 2012 to 2022 and analyzed YGs, expressed as the percentage of farmer yield (FY). The potential yield (PY) was estimated from field trial results using introduced rice cultivation technology package, whereas FY from results using existing farmer practices. Our study showed that the average YG was 62% in rainfed, 54% in tidal, and 32% in irrigated paddy fields. The YG was significantly high in the paddy fields of Kalimantan (74%) and Maluku-Papua (49%), while the lowest was in Sulawesi (27%) and Java (31%). The YG varied significantly with geo-regions, rice varieties, and cultivation technology packages. Closing the YG and ensuring sustainable rice production requires the implementation of sustainable intensification through applying site-specific technology packages, reallocation of agricultural interventions to a higher YG region, and rice variety improvement to increase PY.

This article aims to explore the moderating dimension of Ahmad Sonhadji's interpretation in his Tafsir, 'Abru al-Aṡīr. This work is based on Sonhadji's lecture on Singapore radio. Some scholars claimed that he was an influential commentator, an icon of commentator and social reformer, and a proponent of the principle of moderation in Singapore. This literature research was carried out using qualitative methods and heuristic analysis. The researchers examined Sonhadji's interpretation of popular verses in the study of moderation. The data were classified based on Gadamer's hermeneutic principles. This research revealed that the meaningful sense of Sonhadji's interpretation gave birth to objective moderate principles, such as upholding justice, obeying the leader's rules, not considering one's own religion as the most correct that leads to humiliation of other religions, not being excessive, and understanding religion proportionally.

This study aims to determine the effect of chronic administration of amphetamine-type stimulants at varying doses on inflammation and oxidative stress in Wistar rats. They were given methylphenidate and divided into 4 treatment groups. Furthermore, simple random grouping was carried out to divide the samples into 5 groups, each consisting of 9 rats. These groups included rats given only distilled water as the controls, as well as those given methylphenidate at doses of 10 mg/kg BW, 20 mg/kg BW, and 40 mg/kg BW for 4 weeks as the experimental groups. Statistical analysis was then performed using GraphPad Prism to compare the effects of oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, BDNF, and spatial memory of the Wistar rats. Chronic administration of stimulants led to a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase levels as well as an increase in the release of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α compared to the control group. Based on the results, the pathways involved in cognitive impairment, which were related to the use of amphetamine-type stimulants played a role in addressing the detrimental effect of substance abuse and their comorbidities

Cancer refers to the proliferation and multiplication of aberrant cells inside the human body, characterized by their capacity to proliferate and infiltrate various anatomical regions. Numerous biochemical pathways and signaling molecules have an impact on the cancer auto biogenesis process. The regulation of crucial cellular processes necessary for cell survival and proliferation, which are triggered by phytochemicals, is significantly influenced by signaling pathways. These pathways or components are regulated by phytochemicals. Medicinal plants are a significant reservoir of diverse anticancer medications employed in chemotherapy. The anticancer effects of phytochemicals are mediated by several methods, including induction of apoptosis, cessation of the cell cycle, inhibition of kinases, and prevention of carcinogenic substances. This paper analyzes the phytochemistry of seven prominent plant constituents, namely, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins, focusing on the involvement of the MAPK/ERK pathway, TNF signaling, death receptors, p53, p38, and actin dynamics. Hence, this review has examined a range of phytochemicals, encompassing their structural characteristics and potential anticancer mechanisms. It has underscored the significance of plant-derived bioactive compounds in the prevention of cancer, utilizing diverse molecular pathways. In addition, this endeavor also seeks to incentivize scientists to carry out clinical trials on anticancer medications derived from plants.

Context: With recent biochemical studies, inflammation has been considered a therapeutic target. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a therapeutic option because of the immunomodulatory effects of their bioactive factors, the secretome. Aims: To systematically review the potential of mesenchymal stem cell secretome therapy on inflammation through its effects on biomarker characteristics, organ damage, and survival rate. Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. A literature search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest, and through citation searching for records published in the last ten years. The eligibility criteria of the identified study as follows: Population (P): Human, animal, or in vitro models with inflammatory disease; Intervention (I): Stem cell secretome administration; (C): Healthy human, animal, or in vitro models; and Outcome (O): Inflammatory biomarker statistics, organ injury, or survival rate. AXIS tool was used to assess the quality of the records. Results: 3,258 records were found. The duplicates and undesired articles were excluded with automation tools. 38 relevant records were further identified through citation searching. The screening and exclusion of records based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria left 24 eligible studies. The studies show that secretome improves the biomarker characteristics by reducing proinflammatory cytokines levels while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines levels. Many studies show that secretome also improved organ injury and survival rate. Conclusions: Secretome alleviates inflammation with its immunomodulatory effects, which may be associated with improvements in organ injury and overall outcome.

The Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (GSADF) technique is performed to resolve whether the Indonesian Rupiah/US exchange rate has experienced multiple explosive bubbles. The GSADF uncovers that the Indonesian Rupiah/US exchange rate deviates from the fundamental values by six times from January 1985 to September 2023, periodically indicating the presence of numerous explosive behaviors. Once the full-sample period separates into the managed-floating regime and the free-floating regime, the GSADF still detects multiple bubbles. Of particular curiosity on uncertainty trinity, this study underlines that global geopolitical risk negatively drives explosive actions in the ratio of exchange rates for non-traded and traded goods. The global economic policy uncertainty negatively affects speculative bubbles in the exchange rate and the ratio of exchange rates for non-traded. The country's geopolitical risks negatively strike only speculative bubbles in the exchange rate. Further, we find heterogeneity in our results by examining different exchange rate systems. The robustness checks further firmly ascertain across baseline empirical findings.

Objective: Dementia is a common aging-related neurodegenerative disease in the elderly worldwide. Alterations in neurogenesis and angiogenesis factors have been linked to cognitive impairment in neurological disorders. However, synthetic drugs to improve memory disorders have uncomfortable side effects. The purpose of this study is to explore the neuroprotective potential of the fruit ethanol extract of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) [Andaliman fruit ethanol extract (AEE)] on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and spatial memory in rat models of aging. Materials and Methods: This study had an experimental design with AEE. The 4 groups were treated as follows: N (normal), M (served as positive control), P1 (AEE 150 mg/kg bw), and P2 (AEE 300 mg/kg BW) for 8 weeks. Aged model rats (M, P1, and P2) were obtained by inducing D-galactose (150 mg/kg bw). BDNF and VEGF expression were determined by RT-PCR, and spatial memory was assessed using the test of the Moris Water Maze (MWM). The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used to assess the statistical analysis. Results: AEE had a tendency to increase BDNF in P2 compared to the normal group (1.98 versus 1). VEGF expression increased in P1 and P2 compared to the normal group (1.14 and 1.29 versus 1). AEE at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw significantly improved spatial memory (p = 0.026). Conclusion: For eight weeks, AEE at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw considerably increased the potential to enhance VEGF and BDNF expression as well as spatial memory. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10(4.000): 587-592]

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) in sepsis is associated with an inflammatory process in kidney microcirculation and may increase morbidity and mortality in children. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory biomarker of the inflammatory process in sepsis. Objective To determine the role of NLR in predicting the severity of AKI and to describe the demographic and laboratory characteristics, as they relate to outcomes of pediatric patients with AKI and sepsis. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the PICU at Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital (RSUDZA), Banda Aceh, Aceh. Medical record data were obtained from critically ill children with sepsis and AKI. Chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of each variable. We also calculated odds ratios to evaluate the AKI severity, PELOD-2 score, and patient outcomes. Spearman's analysis was used to look for a possible correlation between NLR and AKI severity in septic children. Results Seventy-one subjects with sepsis and AKI were included. Subject characteristics were as follows: 63.4% males, 63.4% < 1 year of age, 56.3% with respiratory problems as a primary disease, 38% with AKI injury stage, and 54.9% subjects with PELOD-2 score ?10. There was no significant correlation between AKI severity and mortality (OR 3.04; 95%CI 0.990 to 9.378; P=0.052). Subjects with a PELOD-2 score ?10 had a 47.6 times higher chance of mortality in septic children with AKI compared to those with PELOD-2 scores

Through an in-depth literature review, this literature study aims to analyze the role of innovative leadership in supporting educational management transformation. This research is qualitative research that uses a literature study approach. The main data sources are scientific literature, books, journal articles, and academic documents related to the role of innovative leadership in transforming educational management. Library studies collect data through searches for relevant literature using academic databases, digital libraries, and trusted sources. Data analysis in this study involved the synthesis and interpretation of relevant literature. The researcher identified major themes, key concepts, and significant findings from the literature. The analysis process includes compiling data, grouping information, and interpreting the meaning of the literature accessed. The research results state that innovative leadership plays a vital role in shaping and directing the transformation of educational management amidst the dynamics of development and change in the contemporary era. Innovative leadership has a very important role in driving the transformation of educational management. By creating a culture of innovation, developing adaptive management strategies, taking measured risks, motivating those around them, and managing change wisely, innovative leaders shape the future of education that is more dynamic, inclusive, and relevant.

Numerous experts recommend the adoption of evidence-based policy concepts to ensure the high quality of policy decisions and practices. Research plays a crucial role in this context, serving as an instrumental process to inform policy decisions at various levels. In contrast to some countries that have established independent, autonomous, and decentralized research institutions, Indonesia's recent shift towards centralization through the creation of the National Research and Innovation Agency has raised concerns about potential politicization of research. This article seeks to analyze the risk of research politicization and explore prospects for future research management to support the implementation of evidence-based policies. Employing a qualitative approach, this study relies on a thorough literature review, drawing from reputable journals, books, and other credible references. The results indicate that the existence of the National Research and Innovation Agency offers a dual perspective: while it enables government control over research implementation aligned with political agendas, it also opens avenues for utilizing research findings in diverse policy decisions and practices. Emphasizing objectivity is essential as research must remain impartial. Therefore, future research management should prioritize objectivity, and the format of the National Research and Innovation Agency presents an opportunity to promote evidence-based policies and policy practices grounded in unbiased research outcomes.

This study examines the improvement of the quality of education management, education personnel, and social studies subject educators. The study focuses on improving the quality of education management, educators, and education personnel, specifically in social studies subjects. The method used in this research is Library Research. The research stages include 1) Data collection, which is carried out by collecting written data from books, journals, and articles relevant to the model being analyzed, and 2) Data analysis, namely content analysis, where data obtained from literary reading materials is analyzed in depth. The result of this research is that improving the quality of Management is needed to improve the quality of educators in social studies subjects and education staff so that implementing activities in an educational institution runs optimally, effectively, and efficiently. Compared to the preceding years, the Management of educators and education workers at the school or institution that was visited has started showing signs of improvement in their overall performance. The use of certification and the supply of benefits as a mechanism to increase educator welfare is beginning to function even though there are still specific inadequacies in the system.

Obesity-related deaths continue to rise, and thus losing weight in overweight and obese patients is critical to prevent complications. Anredera cordifolia (Ten,) Steenis, species of succulent plant of the genus Basellaceae, is widely used in herbal medicine to decrease body weight. This study evaluated the potential benefits of Anredera cordifolia ethanol extract to reduce body weight in high-fat diet-induced obesity rat model. This was an experimental with post-test only control group design study involving 36 obese rats. They were divided into two groups: three control groups (K1, K2, K3) and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3). All the groups were induced with high-fat diet, except K1 control group that received a standard diet. K2 group received no treatment, and K3 group was given orlistat. Whereas, treatment group received Anredera cordifolia ethanol extract at different dose, such as 50 mg/kg BW (P1), 100 mg/kg BW (P2), and 150 mg/kg BW (P3). After 4 weeks of treatment, all groups of rats were sacrificed. ERK levels and PPARγ in abdominal visceral adipose tissue were measured using ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Body weight and abdominal circumference were measured through anthropometric examination. Weight loss was observed in the groups that received 100 and 150 mg/kg BW Anredera cordifolia ethanol extract, followed by the decrease in ERK levels and PPAR expression. Ethanol extract of Anredera cordifolia used as an antiobesity in this study decreased PPARγ transcription factor and reduced ERK levels to inhibit adipogenesis.

Effective speaking skills are a crucial aspect in the world of education, especially for teachers as learning facilitators. However, there is a problem in terms of the lack of speaking skills that can attract the attention of the public and students in the class. This Community Service aims to overcome this problem by organizing formal emcee training for teachers. The solving method is carried out through intensive training that focuses on developing persuasive speaking skills, setting clear presentation structures, and increasing confidence when speaking in public. The training involves the active participation of teachers who wish to improve their speaking skills. The results of the service activities showed a significant increase in the speaking skills of the teachers after attending the training. They are able to captivate the public's attention with an attractive presentation style, deliver messages more effectively, and maintain positive interactions with listeners. In addition, the teachers also experienced an increase in self-confidence when appearing in public. In conclusion, formal presenter training is an effective method of improving speaking skills for teachers. Public speaking skills help create a more interactive learning environment and inspire students. It is hoped that the development of speaking skills will have a positive impact on the learning process and enhance the school's reputation in the educational community.

Objective: This study examines how collaborative public innovation, transformational leadership, knowledge acquisition, employee competencies, innovative climate, and organizational performance affect service quality at the Regional Planning Agency of Aceh. Methods/Analysis: The study used quantitative analysis, qualitative interviews, and surveys. The data were analyzed using the SERVQUAL model and scatter analysis approaches. The correlation between variables was analyzed by Spearman rho correlation, while Kruskal-Wallis analyzed the significance between variables. Finding: The SERVQUAL model shows the Regional Planning Agency of Aceh provides good quality services; 98% of respondents gave an excellent rating, and 12% were good. Scatter analysis shows that the agency consistently meets expectations. Spearman rho correlation analysis shows that all determinant factor variables have a strong relationship with improving service quality and are also significant between variables (p

This study explores the chronic toxicity of nano-formulated Bischofia javanica leaves, a plant with pharmacological significance in Indonesia, following OECD guidelines 452. Graded doses (2, 4, 6, and 8 g/kg BW) of nano-formulated Bischofia javanica were administered to the treatment groups for 60 days, while the control group (K-) received only water. On the 61st day, the mice were euthanized, and samples for biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analysis were collected. Statistical analysis involved one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Graded doses of nano-formulated Bischofia javanica leaves caused significant alterations in liver function. Doses between 2 and 4 g/kg BW improved liver histology and physiological markers. Higher doses (6 to 8 g/kg BW) led to liver dysfunction and histological degeneration, characterized by substantial fatty alterations, intracellular fat accumulation in hepatocytes, and compromised central blood vessels and sinusoids. The lungs showed signs of alveolar inflammation, epithelial exfoliation, debris, and the accumulation of inflammatory cells in alveolar spaces. Lower doses showed uniformly distributed cardiac blood vessels, while higher doses resulted in heart hemorrhages and amorphous exudates. Except for high doses, which significantly elevated specific liver damage indicators, no other levels of Bischofia javanica caused treatment-related mortality or significant alterations in hematological and biochemical parameters. Blood sugar levels remained stable across the dose range. In conclusion, moderate doses of nano-formulated Bischofia javanica leaf extracts can enhance physiological functions positively. However, caution is necessary when contemplating high doses, as they can cause dysfunction or damage vital organ systems.

Context: Swimming is a common form of exercise; however, excessive exercise might reduce sperm count by lowering testosterone levels and increasing the production of free radicals, commonly known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). In Indonesia, Vitis gracilis Wall. is a traditional remedy for increasing stamina. Aims: To assess the concentration of spermatozoa after vigorous physical activity and V. gracilis administration, as well as the histological and apoptotic changes in testicular histology that occur via caspase-3 expression. Methods: This study was conducted on six groups of rats: the control group (G+), a group of rats subjected to vigorous swimming then administered 0.2 mg/kg BW vit C (GVitC), and three groups of rats subjected to vigorous swimming then administered 100, 125, or 150 mg/kg BW V. gracilis (G100, G125, and G150). Testicular tissue and blood serum samples were extracted from the rats subjected to vigorous swimming. Testicular tissue was immunohistochemically stained using caspase-3 antibody and TUNEL assays, while blood samples were analysed using ELISA. Results: V. gracilis administration significantly affected IL-6 and testosterone levels (p

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendiskusikan implementasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga untuk membentuk karakter Ulul Albab. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis literatur yang terkait dengan implementasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga serta pembentukan karakter Ulul Albab. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga dapat menjadi sarana efektif dalam membentuk karakter Ulul Albab dengan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Islam dalam setiap kegiatan olahraga. Nilai-nilai Islam seperti kejujuran, disiplin, kerja keras, dan tanggung jawab dapat diterapkan dalam kegiatan olahraga sebagai sarana untuk membangun karakter yang kuat. Dengan demikian, implementasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga dapat menjadi alternatif strategi dalam membentuk karakter Ulul Albab yang memiliki moralitas dan etika Islam yang baik. Kesimpulannya, pentingnya implementasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga sebagai salah satu upaya untuk membentuk karakter Ulul Albab yang berkualitas dan bermoral. Keywords: Nilai-Nilai Islam, Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga, Ulul Albab

Sektor pertanian merupakan satu-satunya sektor yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangan, yang merupakan elemen dasar untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Salah satu pangan strategis bagi masyarakat Indonesia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan karbohidratnya adalah padi. Usahatani menjadi lebih produktif, efektif dan efisien ketika penyuluh pertanian dilibatkan. Penyuluh memberikan bimbingan langsung dan bertindak sebagai penentu perubahan perilaku petani dalam mengembangkan usahataninya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Belopa Utara Kabupaten Luwu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis persepsi petani terhadap peran penyuluh dan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik petani dan kegiatan penyuluh terhadap persepsi petani pada peran penyuluh di Kecamatan Belopa Utara Kabupaten Luwu. Penentuan responden menggunakan rumus slovin dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 114 responden. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) yang digunakan untuk hubungan kasualitas antar variabel yang di teliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor rata-rata persepsi petani terhadap peran penyuluh adalah 7,43 dalam skala penilaian 1 sampai 10. Karakteristik petani berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap persepsi sementara kegiatan penyuluhan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peran penyuluh dalam penyuluhan pertanian di Kecamatan Belopa Utara, Kab. Luwu. Dengan demikian, maka penyuluh perlu meningkatkan perannya dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada petani sehingga petani memperoleh manfaat dalam kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh penyuluh pertanian di Kecamatan Belopa Utara.

This study aims to understand the histopathological changes in the pseudo-pregnant rabbit uterus concerning the duration of ovaries inside the uterus during ovarian transplantation. The study used nine New Zealand White (NZW) pseudo-pregnant female rabbits aged 3-5 years, weighed 1.5-2.9 kg. After a 30-day adaptation period, all rabbits were divided into three treatment groups: K1 (n=3) underwent ovarian transplantation for 3 days, K2 (n=3) for 5 days, and K3 (n=3) for 7 days. Pseudo-pregnant was induced using PMSG and hCG. The rabbits were intramuscularly injected with 100 IU of PMSG, followed by intravenous injection of 75 IU of hCG three days later. Ovary transplantation was performed on the 8th day (day 0 being the day of hCG injection). Uterus was collected after the transplantation procedure according to the respective treatment groups. The results showed that in K1, K2 and K3, there was hyperemia in the endometrial epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Hyperemia and necrosis were more severe in K1 compared to K2 and K3. In K3, the histopathological appearance of the endometrium tended to be normal, with less damage. In conclusion, the histopathological findings of hyperemia and necrosis in the uterus undergoing ovarian transplantation lasted for 3 days compared to 5 and 7 days.

Background Parents usually make the decisions on COVID-19 vaccinations for their children under the age of 18. Objective To explore parents' perceptions and expectations of COVID-19 vaccination for children in Banda Aceh. Methods This study used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews of 36 parents in Banda Aceh. The data were analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis. Results Three themes were studied: (1) perceptions of parents willing to have their children vaccinated against COVID-19, (2) perceptions of parents who refused or delayed their children’s vaccination against COVID-19, and (3) parents' expectations regarding COVID-19 vaccination in children. Benefits of the vaccine and government policy were among the reasons that parents were willing to have their children vaccinated. Vaccine safety concerns, lack of information, strong immunity, healthy lifestyle, and religious beliefs were the main reasons for parental refusal or delay in vaccinating their children. Reduced cases of COVID-19 and the end of the pandemic, not being infected, developing immunity, and no adverse events following immunization, face-to-face learning in schools, as well as increased education and socialization from the government, society that was critical and selective in receiving information were the expectation of parents regarding COVID-19 vaccination in children. Conclusion The perception of vaccine benefits and government policy influence parents to have their children vaccinated, while perception of vaccine safety concerns, lack of information, strong immunity, healthy lifestyle, and religious beliefs influence parents to refuse or delay their children being vaccinated. Parents' expectations regarding COVID-19 illness, their children’s response to the vaccine and education, as well as the government’s and society’s roles during the pandemic are qualitatively elucidated.

This study aims to determine the chronology of the contents of Jurisprudence Number 1/Yur/Ag/2018 which allows non-Muslim heirs to inherit by means of a mandatory will and the views of the judges of the Kisaran Religious Court and the Management of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of Asahan Regency. besides that, to describe it in the theory of Maqashid Asy-Syari'ah. This type of research is doctrinal research or juridical-normative research, using a case approach and a statute approach. The granting of obligatory wills to non-adopted children and adoptive parents has been consistently applied by the Supreme Court from 1998 to at least 2016. The views of the Religious Court judges and the Indonesian Ulema Council regarding non-Muslim heirs obtaining inheritance through the obligatory will are contradictory or mutually contradictory. each other. However, jurisprudence Number 1/Yur/Ag/2018 is a legal product that is decided for the benefit of humanity with legal justice.

Tujuan dalam penulisan ini adalah untuk menguraikan konsep dan rumusan aturan hukum diambilnya pajak pendapatan untuk pengusaha trucking pandangan siyasah maliyah.Hal ini disebabkan karena belum adanya peraturan pasti tentang ditetapkannya pajak untuk pengusaha trucking yang berdampak ketidak adilan pada diambilmnya pajak itu.Ketidak pastian itu menimbulkan maksud dari hukum sulit digapai pada sebuah bangsa. Penelitian ini menggunan metode penelitian deskritif. Penelitian deskriptif berupa jenis penelitian yang menghubungkan antara menomena social atau hubungan antara fenomena yang di uji dengan pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Undang-undang juga konseptual. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer, data sekunder, data tersier. Hasilnya memaparkan pentingnya guna dibuat hukum terkhusus bagi pengusaha trucking kemudian hilang ketidak adilan pada sebuah bangsa. Kosongnya norma pada diambilnya pajak pengusaha trucking mempersulit guna pemungutannya untuk pengusaha trucking. Perlunya norma sebagai landasan guna ditetapkannya wajib pengusaha truckinguntuk membayarkan pajaknya. Ditetapkannya hukum guna pengusaha trucking menimbulkan rasa adil juga manfaat. Diluar hal tersebut, terdapatnya kejelasan hukum dapat mempermudah pengusaha trucking guna dibayarkan pajaknya menurut pendapatannya.

Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal, telah diubah dengan Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, dimana dalam Pasal-Pasal yang diubah ada menyisipkan Pasal yang mewajibkan pelaku usaha mikro dan kecil untuk memiliki sertifikat halal bagi produk olahannya. Tujuan dalam penelitian in adalah untuk mengetahui 132 pengaturan produk halal dalam undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2020 tentang cipta kerja dan mengetahui 133 pengaturan produk halal dalam undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2020 tentang cipta kerja ditinjau dari Perspektif 134 fiqh siyasah. Metode penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam ini menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach). Sumber bahan hukum yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja pada klaster jaminan produk halal, dijalankan dengan tujuan memberikan kenyamanan, keamanan, keselamatan, dan kepastian ketersediaan produk halal bagi masyarakat dalam mengkonsumsi dan menggunakan produk, serta meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi pelaku usaha untuk memproduksi dan menjual produknya. Hal ini sejalan dengan hukum Islam yang memerintahkan umat muslim mengkonsumsi setiap produk yang terjamin kehalalannya. Meskipun pemberian sertifikasi dipermudah dan waktu proses sertifikasi yang dipersingkat.

Extracts of Phaleria macrocarpa have been used for years in traditional medicine and have been evaluated scientifically as well. This study aimed to evaluate the chronic toxicity level of nano herbal Phaleria macrocarpa and its effect on the changes in hematology, biochemistry, electrolytes, and organ histopathology. High Energy Milling (HEM) produced nano herbal Phaleria macrocarpa. By giving nano herbal Phaleria macrocarpa at doses of 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg BW for 56 days, the mice’s blood was collected for the hematological and electrolyte parameters. The kidney and liver were assessed for biochemical parameters. As a result, the nano herbal Phaleria macrocarpa affected the histopathological organs, hematological, biochemical, and electrolyte parameters at an appropriate dose of 300–600 mg/kg BW. The maximum period of the administration this herbal medicine is one month. Therefore, with the correct dose and period of administration, this plant can be used as herbal medicine in the future.

Latar belakang. Sindrom rubela kongenital adalah kumpulan gejala akibat infeksi virus rubela selama kehamilan, ditandai trias klasik manifestasi klinis berupa sensory neural hearing loss, abnormalitas ocular, dan penyakit jantung bawaan. Pendekatan diagnosis ditegakkan melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Diagnosis pasti berdasarkan hasil serologi anti rubela. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penyakit jantung bawaan dengan konfirmasi serologi positif antibodi rubela pada sangkaan sindrom rubela kongenital. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Rekam Medis anak usia

The prevalence of breast cancer among patients in Indonesia is significant. Indonesian individuals maintain the belief that cancer cannot be cured alone by pharmaceuticals and treatment; herbal remedies must be used in conjunction. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, also known as Haramonting, is an indigenous Indonesian medicinal plant renowned for its copious antioxidant properties. The objective of study was to assess the impact of haramonting on breast cancer by examining the expression of various biomarker proteins associated with breast cancer. Haramonting was administered to breast cancer model mice at different doses over a period of 30 days. Subsequently, blood and breast samples were obtained for immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Authors have discovered that there has been a notable rise in the proliferation of epithelial cells in the duct lobes, resulting in the formation of ducts and lobules. Additionally, the researchers discovered that the breasts exhibited distinct clinical and histological alterations. Haramonting possesses the capacity to restore the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to normal levels in the blood serum of rats afflicted with cancer. The histopathological analysis of the breast tissue revealed elevated levels of Her2, IL33, EGFR, and MUC1. The authors also discovered a notable increase in the growth of epithelial cells, with two or more layers of cells reaching towards the centre of the duct. The size of the epithelial cells exhibits variability; however, this state ameliorates with the administration of a dosage of 300 mg/kgBW of this botanical specimen. This study proposes that Haramonting may be effective in treating breast cancer.

Inhaling Allethrin (C19H26O3) may induce oxidative stress in lung cells by causing the formation of free radi-cals. Interleukins (IL) are a group of secreted cytokines or proteins and signaling molecules initially produced as an immune response by leukocytes. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. (haramonting) contains antioxidants that may prevent lung damage induced by allethrin-containing electric mosquito repellents. In this study, six groups of rats were exposed to allethrin via an electric mosquito repellent, including positive, negative, and comparison control groups and three groups were administered Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk at 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW. After 30 days, the pulmonary tissue and the blood were taken for immunohisto-chemical and ELISA analysis. The accumulation of inflammatory cells causes the thickening of the alveolar wall structures. Injuries were more prevalent in the A+ group than in the other groups. The connection between the alveoli and blood capillaries, which can interfere with alveolar gas exchange, is not regulated, and the lu-minal morphology is aberrant, causing damage to the alveolar epithelial cells. Exposure to electric mosquito coils containing allethrin can increase the expression of interleukin-1, interleukin-8, interleukin-9, and interleu-kin-18 in blood serum and tissues while decreasing the expression of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. Like the Vitamin C group, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa can increase alveolar histological alterations by decreasing the ex-pression of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-18 while increasing IL-6 and IL-10. So that this plant can be developed in the future as a drug to prevent lung harm from exposure.

The obligations of parents are the rights of children, and vice versa, the obligations of children towards their parents are the rights of the children's parents. Namely, parents are obliged to care for and provide guidance to their children who are not old enough according to their respective abilities. Family law seeks to regulate relationships between families. In this research, the author conducted research on parental neglect at the Binjai Elderly Social Services UPTD in terms of Islamic Law and UUD No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage which the researcher took from the case study of Parental Neglect at the Binjai Elderly Social Service. Update. This legal research uses a normative-empirical approach. The type of research used is descriptive, namely research that generally aims to systematically, factually, and accurately describe a problem that has occurred. The data source that the author uses in this research is primary data obtained by the author directly from interviews. The data validity testing technique in this research uses data triangulation. Islam emphasizes the importance of caring for parents as a form of filial piety. The Qur'an commands children to be kind to their parents, even when they reach old age. Article 46 states the rights and obligations of children towards their parents, which states that children are obliged to respect and obey the good wishes of their parents, and when a child is an adult, they are obliged to support their parents and support family members at home. best, if they need help.

This research aimed to determine the accuracy of the progesterone test kit for milk and blood as means of early pregnancy diagnosis in Ettawa cross goats (PE). Five lactating PE goats were used in this study and were synchronized with PGF2α intramuscularly. The result is that all goats showed a sigh of estrus. Four goats were mated naturally, while one other was not mated. The determination of day-0 was when the females were standing heat. Early pregnancy diagnosis using dairy cow test strips performed 18-22 days after mating or post-estrus. The accuracy of the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound examination on day 35 after mating/post estrus. Diagnosis using the milk progesterone kit showed negative results for five days of examination in all goats, whereas using the blood progesterone kit showed positive results in four goats. When confirmed, using ultrasound showed one goat was diagnosed as not pregnant, and four other goats were diagnosed pregnant. It can be concluded that the use of progesterone dairy cow pregnancy test strip kits is effectively used to diagnose early pregnancy in PE goats with high accuracy in blood samples (100%) and low accuracy in milk samples (20%).

ABSTRACT. Bunting semu pada kelinci dapat terjadi karena adanya induksi secara hormonal dan stimulasi fisik yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan pada morfologi saluran reproduksi. Salah satu metode induksi bunting semu adalah melalui injeksi GnRH. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perubahan terhadap anatomi dan histologi saluran reproduksi pada kelinci lokal bunting semu yang diinduksi dengan penyuntikan GnRH. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sembilan ekor kelinci betina lokal, berumur 1-2 tahun dengan bobot badan 1,8-2,2 kg. Kelinci yang dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok perlakuan (n=3) yakni K1, K2, dan K3. Kelompok K1 (kontrol negatif), diinjeksi dengan 0,1 ml NaCl fisiologis tanpa perkawinan; K2 (kontrol positif), kelinci diinduksi dengan 100 IU PMSG, tiga hari kemudian dikawinkan dan diinjeksi 75 IU hCG; dan K3, kelinci diinduksi dengan penyuntikan 5 µg GnRH secara intravena. Pada hari ke-8 setelah perlakuan seluruh kelinci disembelih lalu saluran reproduksi diambil untuk pengamatan morfologi dan morfometri oviduk, kornua uteri, serviks uteri dan vagina lalu diproses secara histoteknik dan diwarnai dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin dan eosin untuk pengamatan histologi dan histomorfometri. Panjang oviduk, kornua, dan vagina kelinci memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05) antar K1 dan K2 dengan K3. Ketebalan lapisan muskularis ampula, lamina propia isthmus, lamina muskularis isthmus, tunika serosa isthmus memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05) antara K1 dan K2 dengan K3. Tebal lapisan endometrium kornua uterus K2 berbeda sangat nyata (P0,05) dengan K3, namun tidak berbeda nyata (P0,05) dibandingkan K1. Lapisan serosa serviks uteri K1 dan K2 berbeda sangat nyata (P0,05) dengan K3. Histomorfometri vagina kelinci menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa induksi GnRH tidak menyebabkan perubahan morfologi dan morfometri saluran reproduksi kelinci lokal pada hari ke-8 setelah induksi. (Morphology and morphometry changes of reproductive tract in the pseudo pregnant does using GnRH) ABSTRAK. Pseudopregnancy in rabbits can occur due to hormonal induction and physical stimulation that can cause changes in the morphology of the reproductive tract. One method of hormonal induction is GnRH injection. This study aimed to determine the anatomical and histological changes of the reproductive tract in pseudo pregnant local rabbits induced by injection of GnRH. In this study, nine local female rabbits, aged 1-2 years with a body weight of 1.8-2.2 kg, were divided into three treatment groups (n=3), namely, K1 (negative control): injected with 0.1 ml of physiological NaCl without mating, K2 (positive control): injected with 100 IU PMSG and then mated with male rabbits after three days of injection and followed by injection of 75 IU Hcg; K3 injection 5µg of GnRH intravena route. On the day-8 after treatment, all rabbits were slaughtered and the reproductive tract was collected for morphological and morphometric observation of the oviduct, uterine horn, uterine cervix, and vagina, and then processed histotechnically and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological and histomorphometric observation. The length of oviduct, uterine horn and vagina showed significant different (P0.05) between K1 and K2 with K3. The thickness of the lamina muscularis of ampulla, lamina propia of isthmus, lamina muscularis of isthmus, tunica serous of isthmus showed significant different (P0.05) between K1 and K2 with K3.The thickness of the endometrium of uterine horn was significant different (P0.05) between K2 and K3, but not significantly different (P0.05) with K1. The thickness of tunica serous of servical uterine K1 and K2 was significant different (P0.05) with K3. Vaginal histomorphometry of rabbits was not significantly different (P0.05). It can be concluded that the induction of GnRH did not changes the morphology and histology of the reproductive tract in the local rabbits on the day-8 after treatment.

Background and Aim: The increase in the levels of the cortisol hormone caused by the stress conditions generated by an ovary transplantation procedure can damage the uterus of the transplant recipient as well as the transplanted ovaries. This study aimed to analyze the histopathological changes that occur in the uterine horn of pseudopregnant local rabbits (recipients), as well as the ovarian follicular integrity of the donor Aceh cattle after transplantation. Materials and Methods: After 30 days of adaptation, all rabbits were divided into three treatment groups: R1 (the group of rabbits that underwent ovarian transplantation for 3 days, n = 5), R2 (the group of rabbits that underwent ovarian transplantation for 5 days, n = 5), and R3 (the group of rabbits that underwent ovarian transplantation for 7 days, n = 5). Pseudopregnancy induction was performed using the pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) methods. The rabbits were injected with 100 IU of PMSG intramuscularly, followed by an injection of 75 IU of hCG intravenously 3 days later. Ovarian transplantation was performed on day 8 (day 0 was the day of hCG injection). The concentration of cortisol hormone metabolites was measured from fecal samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The uterus and ovaries were collected for histopathological and follicular dynamics examination after the transplantation process was completed. Results: The mean cortisol levels (ng/g) recorded before versus after the transplant in the R1, R2, and R3 groups were 146.23 ± 17.60 versus 338.84 ± 302.79, 128.97 ± 81.56 versus 174.79 ± 101.70, and 124.88 ± 43.61 versus 321.91 ± 221.63 (p < 0.05), respectively. The examination of the histopathological appearance of the uterus revealed edema in the uterine lumen, hyperemia and hemorrhage in the endometrium, necrosis of the epithelium, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Hemorrhage and hyperemia were severe and filled the endometrium in the R1 compared with the R2 and R3 animals. Ovarian follicle development occurred in all treatment groups, although some histopathological features were observed. The number of tertiary follicles in R1, R2, and R3 animals was 24.67 ± 7.37, 20.67 ± 7.57, and 9.67 ± 3.79 (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the transplantation of ovaries from Aceh cattle into pseudopregnant local rabbits triggered an increase in the levels of the cortisol hormone and uterine histological changes; however, follicles were still detected at various stages of development in the transplanted Aceh cattle ovaries. The results of this study are valuable for clinicians and researchers because they provide information regarding an alternative in vivo ovarian preservation technique using pseudopregnant rabbits.

There is a correlation between the occurrence of anxiety and the production of inflammatory mediators, and red ginger rhizome is a well-known herbal product with a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that can be used as anti-inflammatories and antioxidants. The aim of study to evaluate the effect of red ginger as antianxiety in mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain by measuring levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10. Anxiety model mice were carried out by giving treatment with the Forced Swimming Test (FST) for 7 days then assessed by carrying out the Elevated Plus Maze for Mice (EPM) test for one day. After the treatment, the anxiety mice model was made, followed by administration of red ginger ethanol extract therapy for 14 days. The distribution of the experimental animal model groups was divided into control groups (KN, K-, K+) and treatment groups (P, P2, P3).There was a significant difference the decreased of the TNF-α levels at the all of treatment groups with red ginger rhizome extract (P1, P2, P3) compared with the control groups (KN, K-) (p0.05).In overall, this study suggests that FST stimulation will create anxiety symptoms and behavior as well as impact cytokine levels, namely elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Giving red ginger ethanol extract has the potential to be researched further for reducing anxiety symptoms because it can block pro-inflammatory cytokines by significantly decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and increased IL-10 cytokines a brief abstract about your paper’s subject of study.

Context: The high mortality rate in people with lung disease indicates that this disorder requires immediate attention. It is established that excessive swimming can reduce the ability of lung cells to function and cause respiratory problems. Vitis gracilis Wall. is a traditional medicinal plant used by the Karo people of North Sumatra to improve stamina. Aims: To analyze apoptosis via cytochrome c in serum and lung tissue after V. gracilis administration. Methods: Rats that experienced excessive physical activity received six different treatments: two groups as negative and positive control groups, one vitamin C control group, and three groups orally administered with ethanolic extract of V. gracilis leaves at different doses. Immunohistochemistry, ELISAs, and TUNEL assays were used to assess study parameters. Results: There were significant differences (p

Salah satu teknologi yang memberikan kemudahan bagi para pengguna smartphone adalah speech recognition atau pengenalan ucapan. Speech recognition adalah fitur yang terdapat pada sistem operasi android untuk melakukan input suara yaitu Google Android Speech recognition, Android merupakan salah satu operating system yang mengalami kemajuan sangat cepat. Namun ditinjau dari segi penggunaannya, penggunaan smartphone berbasis android saat ini belum begitu optimal. Pencahayaan mempunyai pengaruh cukup besar terhadap segala aktivitas manuasia, baik aktivitas di rumah, perkantoran, kampus dan segala sesuatu yang membutuhkan cahaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini perangkat yang dapat dioperasikan dengan sistem kendali Speech Recognation, kendali via button On/Off, dan Sistem pengontrol Intensitas cahaya pada Lampu dapat dihubungkan ke smartphone android dengan memanfaatkan fasilitas Wi Fi.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of TPACK in microteaching mathematics education students in terms of differences in online learning platforms. The type of research used in this study is Mixed Method with a Sequential Explanatory design by starting with quantitative data collection and then continuing with qualitative data collection.. The subjects in this study consisted of 12 mathematics students. Subjects were given a TPACK ability test and the opportunity to simulate learning using an online learning platform, then conducted in-depth interviews regarding the implementation results. The results showed that there were differences in the ability to implement student TPACK in microteaching consisting of PCK components including basic skills of explaining and asking, TPK components covering basic skills of explaining and providing reinforcement, TCK components covering basic skills of explaining and providing variations, and TPACK components covering basic skills of opening and closing as well as essential skills of managing small groups. Based on the two platforms used, Moodle is better when compared to Google Classroom in supporting and making it easier for students to implement TPACK when compared to using Google Classroom. Especially in terms of appearance, features, integration with other applications, and storage limits. It can be stated that Moodle is more effective when compared to Google Classroom in implementing TPACK in microteaching.

Context: Excessive swimming can reduce the ability of hippocampus cells and memory function. When hippocampus volume is lost in late adulthood, aerobic exercise can help recover it. This improvement in memory performance is beneficial, but excessive aerobic exercise can harm the hippocampal structure. Vitis gracilis Wall. is a traditional medicinal plant of North Sumatra’s Karo people that works well as a stamina booster. Aims: To analyze apoptosis via cytochrome c in serum and brain tissue (hippocampal cells) after oral administration of V. garcilis. Methods: Six treatments were given to rats that were given excessive physical exercise consisting of G-: negative control; G+: Swim rats; G.Vit.C: Swim rats +Vitamin C 0.02 mg/kg BW; G100: Swim rats + V. gracilis 100/kg, G125; Swim rats + V. gracilis 125 mg/kg; G150: Swim rats + V. gracilis 150 mg/kg. Immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Tunel Assay were used to assess study parameters. Results: There were significant differences (p

The results of the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) study released by The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) show that the numeracy literacy skills of Indonesian students are at a low level, namely getting a score of 379 out of the OECD average score of 487 (OECD, 2019). As a result, students tend not to be able to solve problems correctly, and the cause is a need for mathematical connection skills. This study aims to describe the mathematical connections based on numeracy literacy in geometry. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The participants in this study were 38 grade 7 students from 3 different Madrasas in Maluku. Two students will take the research subjects from saturated data after being given a numeracy literacy-based test. In this study, students were asked to state the results of their thoughts on solving geometry concept problems given orally. Analyzing the research data was carried out through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings in this study of mathematical connections within the Polya framework can be divided into two: structured analytics and unstructured analytics.