Effect of Vitis gracilis Wall. administration on maximal swimming exercise apoptosis via cytochrome c in rat lung cells

Context: The high mortality rate in people with lung disease indicates that this disorder requires immediate attention. It is established that excessive swimming can reduce the ability of lung cells to function and cause respiratory problems. Vitis gracilis Wall. is a traditional medicinal plant used by the Karo people of North Sumatra to improve stamina. Aims: To analyze apoptosis via cytochrome c in serum and lung tissue after V. gracilis administration. Methods: Rats that experienced excessive physical activity received six different treatments: two groups as negative and positive control groups, one vitamin C control group, and three groups orally administered with ethanolic extract of V. gracilis leaves at different doses. Immunohistochemistry, ELISAs, and TUNEL assays were used to assess study parameters. Results: There were significant differences (p