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6 results on '"Subatomic Physics Institute"'

1. Fully-biobased UV-absorbing nanoparticles from ethyl cellulose and zein for environmentally friendly photoprotection

Author

Hayden, Douglas R., Kibbelaar, Heleen V.M., Imhof, Arnout, Velikov, Krassimir P., Sub Soft Condensed Matter, Subatomic Physics Institute, Soft Condensed Matter and Biophysics, IoP (FNWI), Soft Matter (WZI, IoP, FNWI), and Soft Condensed Matter (ITFA, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Chemistry(all), Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Retinol, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010501 environmental sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Absorbance, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ethyl cellulose, Photoprotection, Zeta potential, Chemical Engineering(all), Particle size, 0210 nano-technology, Quercetin, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

Effective photoprotection is a vital consumer issue. However, there are many concerns regarding the adverse environmental and health impacts associated with current organic and inorganic UV filters. Here, we prepare fully-biobased UV-absorbing nanoparticles from ethyl cellulose (ECNPs) and zein (ZNPs) with encapsulated biobased photoprotectants obtainable from plants and foods (quercetin, retinol, and p-coumaric acid), which have the potential to satisfy both environmental and health issues in photoprotection. We show the ability of ECNPs and ZNPs to be easily tuned compositionally to obtain uniform, broadband UV spectrum absorbance profiles, and prepare transparent UV-absorbing coatings from the ECNPs. We find that the maximum loadings for retinol, quercetin, and p-coumaric acid into the ECNPs are 31 wt%, 14 wt%, and 13 wt% respectively. The ECNP size remains constant (except for the largest loading of retinol, 31 wt%) and the absolute zeta potential increases upon increasing the loading of quercetin and retinol, whereas increasing the loading of p-coumaric acid results in increasing the particle size and a lower absolute zeta potential. We find that quercetin and retinol are effectively retained inside the ECNPs at 64-70% after 72 hours. These results have significant implications for the development of novel photoprotection technologies and functional nanoparticles.

Published
2018

3. Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module: KM3NeT Collaboration

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., de Asmundis, R., Balasi, K., Band, H., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Barbato, F., Baret, B., Baron, S., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A. M., Berkien, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Bianucci, S., Billault, M., Birbas, A., Boer Rookhuizen, H., Bormuth, R., Bouché, V., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Caruso, F., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Cereseto, R., Champion, C., Château, F., Chiarusi, T., Christopoulou, B., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Costa, M., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Curtil, C., Cuttone, G., D’Amato, C., D’Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., Deniskina, N., Destelle, J. J., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durand, D., Eberl, T., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Fusco, L. A., Gajana, D., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Gallo, F., Garufi, F., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, R., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hevinga, M. A., van der Hoek, M., Hofestädt, J., Hogenbirk, J., Hugon, C., Hößl, J., Imbesi, M., James, C., Jansweijer, P., Jochum, J., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Kappos, E., Katz, U., Kavatsyuk, O., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Koffeman, E., Kok, H., Kooijman, P., Koopstra, J., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, A., Koutsoukos, S., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Lattuada, D., Le Provost, H., Leisos, A., Lenis, D., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Löhner, H., Lo Presti, D., Louis, F., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulos, K., Margiotta, A., Mariş, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Masullo, R., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Mos, S., Moudden, Y., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolaou, C., Nicolau, C. A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papageorgiou, K., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălaş, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Pellegriti, M. G., Perrina, C., Petridou, C., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Popa, V., Pradier, Th, Priede, M., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P. A., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rovelli, A., Royon, J., Saldaña, M., Samtleben, D. F E, Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Savvidis, I., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Solazzo, M., Spitaleri, A., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stolarczyk, T., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Tézier, D., Théraube, S., Thompson, L. F., Timmer, P., Trapierakis, H. I., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tselengidou, M., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vernin, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Werneke, P., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., van Wooning, R. H L, Yatkin, K., Zachariadou, K., Zonca, E., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Zwart, A., Sub Subatomic Physics (SAP), Subatomic Physics Institute, Sub Subatomic Physics (SAP), Subatomic Physics Institute, Adrian-Martinez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., de Asmundis, R., Balasi, K., Band, H., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Barbato, F., Baret, B., Baron, S., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A. M., Berkien, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Bianucci, S., Billault, M., Birbas, A., Boer Rookhuizen, H., Bormuth, R., Bouche, V., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Caruso, F., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Cereseto, R., Champion, C., Chateau, F., Chiarusi, T., Christopoulou, B., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Costa, M., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Curtil, C., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., Deniskina, N., Destelle, J. -J., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durand, D., Eberl, T., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Fermani, P., Fusco, L. A., Gajana, D., Gal, T., Galata, S., Gallo, F., Garufi, F., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, R., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hevinga, M. A., van der Hoek, M., Hofestadt, J., Hogenbirk, J., Hugon, C., Hossl, J., Imbesi, M., James, C., Jansweijer, P., Jochum, J., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Kappos, E., Katz, U., Kavatsyuk, O., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Koffeman, E., Kok, H., Kooijman, P., Koopstra, J., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, A., Koutsoukos, S., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Lattuada, D., Le Provost, H., Leisos, A., Lenis, D., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Lohner, H., Lo Presti, D., Louis, F., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulos, K., Margiotta, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Masullo, R., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Mos, S., Moudden, Y., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolaou, C., Nicolau, C. A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papageorgiou, K., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Pellegriti, M. G., Perrina, C., Petridou, C., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Priede, M., Puhlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P. A., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rovelli, A., Royon, J., Saldana, M., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Savvidis, I., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Solazzo, M., Spitaleri, A., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stolarczyk, T., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Tezier, D., Theraube, S., Thompson, L. F., Timmer, P., Trapierakis, H. I., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tselengidou, M., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vernin, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Werneke, P., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., van Wooning, R. H. L., Yatkin, K., Zachariadou, K., Zonca, E., Zornoza, J. D., Zuniga, J., and Zwart, A.

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Photocathode, Optics, KM3NeT, 0103 physical sciences, 14. Life underwater, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, business, Engineering (miscellaneous), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The first prototype of a photo-detection unit of the future KM3NeT neutrino telescope has been deployed in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea. This digital optical module has a novel design with a very large photocathode area segmented by the use of 31 three inch photomultiplier tubes. It has been integrated in the ANTARES detector for in-situ testing and validation. This paper reports on the first months of data taking and rate measurements. The analysis results highlight the capabilities of the new module design in terms of background suppression and signal recognition. The directionality of the optical module enables the recognition of multiple Cherenkov photons from the same $^{40}$K decay and the localization bioluminescent activity in the neighbourhood. The single unit can cleanly identify atmospheric muons and provide sensitivity to the muon arrival directions.

Published
2014

4. Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module: KM3NeT Collaboration

Author

Sub Subatomic Physics (SAP), Subatomic Physics Institute, Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., de Asmundis, R., Balasi, K., Band, H., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Barbato, F., Baret, B., Baron, S., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A. M., Berkien, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Bianucci, S., Billault, M., Birbas, A., Boer Rookhuizen, H., Bormuth, R., Bouché, V., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Caruso, F., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Cereseto, R., Champion, C., Château, F., Chiarusi, T., Christopoulou, B., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Costa, M., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Curtil, C., Cuttone, G., D’Amato, C., D’Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., Deniskina, N., Destelle, J. J., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durand, D., Eberl, T., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Fusco, L. A., Gajana, D., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Gallo, F., Garufi, F., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, R., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hevinga, M. A., van der Hoek, M., Hofestädt, J., Hogenbirk, J., Hugon, C., Hößl, J., Imbesi, M., James, C., Jansweijer, P., Jochum, J., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Kappos, E., Katz, U., Kavatsyuk, O., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Koffeman, E., Kok, H., Kooijman, P., Koopstra, J., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, A., Koutsoukos, S., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Lattuada, D., Le Provost, H., Leisos, A., Lenis, D., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Löhner, H., Lo Presti, D., Louis, F., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulos, K., Margiotta, A., Mariş, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Masullo, R., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Mos, S., Moudden, Y., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolaou, C., Nicolau, C. A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papageorgiou, K., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălaş, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Pellegriti, M. G., Perrina, C., Petridou, C., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Popa, V., Pradier, Th, Priede, M., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P. A., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rovelli, A., Royon, J., Saldaña, M., Samtleben, D. F E, Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Savvidis, I., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Solazzo, M., Spitaleri, A., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stolarczyk, T., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Tézier, D., Théraube, S., Thompson, L. F., Timmer, P., Trapierakis, H. I., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tselengidou, M., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vernin, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Werneke, P., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., van Wooning, R. H L, Yatkin, K., Zachariadou, K., Zonca, E., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Zwart, A., Sub Subatomic Physics (SAP), Subatomic Physics Institute, Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., de Asmundis, R., Balasi, K., Band, H., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Barbato, F., Baret, B., Baron, S., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A. M., Berkien, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Bianucci, S., Billault, M., Birbas, A., Boer Rookhuizen, H., Bormuth, R., Bouché, V., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Caruso, F., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Cereseto, R., Champion, C., Château, F., Chiarusi, T., Christopoulou, B., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Costa, M., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Curtil, C., Cuttone, G., D’Amato, C., D’Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., Deniskina, N., Destelle, J. J., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durand, D., Eberl, T., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Fusco, L. A., Gajana, D., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Gallo, F., Garufi, F., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, R., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hevinga, M. A., van der Hoek, M., Hofestädt, J., Hogenbirk, J., Hugon, C., Hößl, J., Imbesi, M., James, C., Jansweijer, P., Jochum, J., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Kappos, E., Katz, U., Kavatsyuk, O., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Koffeman, E., Kok, H., Kooijman, P., Koopstra, J., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, A., Koutsoukos, S., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Lattuada, D., Le Provost, H., Leisos, A., Lenis, D., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Löhner, H., Lo Presti, D., Louis, F., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulos, K., Margiotta, A., Mariş, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Masullo, R., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Mos, S., Moudden, Y., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolaou, C., Nicolau, C. A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papageorgiou, K., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălaş, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Pellegriti, M. G., Perrina, C., Petridou, C., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Popa, V., Pradier, Th, Priede, M., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P. A., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rovelli, A., Royon, J., Saldaña, M., Samtleben, D. F E, Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Savvidis, I., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Solazzo, M., Spitaleri, A., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stolarczyk, T., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Tézier, D., Théraube, S., Thompson, L. F., Timmer, P., Trapierakis, H. I., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tselengidou, M., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vernin, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Werneke, P., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., van Wooning, R. H L, Yatkin, K., Zachariadou, K., Zonca, E., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., and Zwart, A.

Published
2014

5. Seven years of recent European net terrestrial carbon dioxide exchange constrained by atmospheric observations

Author

Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Dep Natuurkunde, Subatomic Physics Institute, Peters, W., Krol, M. C., van der Werf, G. R., Houweling, S., Jones, C. D., Hughes, J., Schaefer, K., Masarie, K. A., Jacobson, A. R., Miller, J. B., Cho, C. H., Ramonet, M., Schmidt, M., Ciattaglia, L., Apadula, F., Heltai, D., Meinhardt, F., di Sarra, A. G., Piacentino, S., Sferlazzo, D., Aalto, T., Hatakka, J., StröM, J., Haszpra, L., Meijer, H. A J, van Der Laan, S., Neubert, R. E M, Jordan, A., Rodó, X., Morguí, J. A., Vermeulen, A. T., Popa, Maria Elena, Rozanski, K., Zimnoch, M., Manning, A. C., Leuenberger, M., Uglietti, C., Dolman, A. J., Ciais, P., Heimann, M., Tans, P., Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Dep Natuurkunde, Subatomic Physics Institute, Peters, W., Krol, M. C., van der Werf, G. R., Houweling, S., Jones, C. D., Hughes, J., Schaefer, K., Masarie, K. A., Jacobson, A. R., Miller, J. B., Cho, C. H., Ramonet, M., Schmidt, M., Ciattaglia, L., Apadula, F., Heltai, D., Meinhardt, F., di Sarra, A. G., Piacentino, S., Sferlazzo, D., Aalto, T., Hatakka, J., StröM, J., Haszpra, L., Meijer, H. A J, van Der Laan, S., Neubert, R. E M, Jordan, A., Rodó, X., Morguí, J. A., Vermeulen, A. T., Popa, Maria Elena, Rozanski, K., Zimnoch, M., Manning, A. C., Leuenberger, M., Uglietti, C., Dolman, A. J., Ciais, P., Heimann, M., and Tans, P.

Published
2010

6. Seven years of recent European net terrestrial carbon dioxide exchange constrained by atmospheric observations

Author

Kevin Schaefer, Eliane R. Popa, Damiano Sferlazzo, Pieter P. Tans, R. E. M. Neubert, Juha Hatakka, Philippe Ciais, F. Apadula, M. Ramonet, Alex Vermeulen, Maarten Krol, L. Ciattaglia, Chris D. Jones, Andrés Jordán, Tuula Aalto, K. A. Masarie, J. A. Morguí, J. Hughes, Daniela Heltai, C. Uglietti, Harro A. J. Meijer, Andrew C. Manning, Miroslaw Zimnoch, Frank Meinhardt, A. di Sarra, Wouter Peters, Kazimierz Rozanski, Sander Houweling, Xavier Rodó, John B. Miller, Martina Schmidt, C. H. Cho, Andrew R. Jacobson, László Haszpra, S. van der Laan, Salvatore Piacentino, Markus Leuenberger, G. R. van der Werf, Martin Heimann, A. J. Dolman, Johan Ström, Hydrology and Geo-environmental sciences, Sub Atmospheric physics and chemistry, Dep Natuurkunde, Subatomic Physics Institute, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Meteorology and Air Quality Department [Wageningen] (MAQ), Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences [Amsterdam] (FALW), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Hungarian Meteorological Service (OMSZ), AGH University of Science and Technology [Krakow, PL] (AGH UST), Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE)-Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL), Isotope Research, Restoring Organ Function by Means of Regenerative Medicine (REGENERATE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hungarian Meteorological Service (OMSz), and Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern]

Subjects
Meteorologie en Luchtkwaliteit, carbon exchange, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, co2 inversions, transport models, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, TRANSPORT MODELS, complex terrain, Atmospheric CO, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental Science(all), emission, COMPLEX TERRAIN, SDG 13 - Climate Action, atmospheric CO(2), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Biosphere, NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION, fluxes, europa, kooldioxide, Climatology, Carbon dioxide, Terrestrial ecosystem, europe, schatting, SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, FLUXES, LAND, Meteorology and Air Quality, 530 Physics, Climate change, Carbon exchange, part 1, 550 Earth sciences & geology, CO2 INVERSIONS, Environmental Chemistry, PART 1, Ecosystem, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, climate, data assimilation, weather data, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WIMEK, climatic change, estimation, Ocean current, tracer transport, carbon dioxide, klimaatverandering, regional-scale, 15. Life on land, REGIONAL-SCALE, north-atlantic oscillation, land, CLIMATE, emissie, chemistry, 13. Climate action, North Atlantic oscillation, Data assimilation, Environmental science, weersgegevens, TRACER TRANSPORT
Abstract

We present an estimate of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 in Europe for the years 2001-2007. It is derived with a data assimilation that uses a large set of atmospheric CO2 mole fraction observations (∼70 000) to guide relatively simple descriptions of terrestrial and oceanic net exchange, while fossil fuel and fire emissions are prescribed. Weekly terrestrial sources and sinks are optimized (i.e., a flux inversion) for a set of 18 large ecosystems across Europe in which prescribed climate, weather, and surface characteristics introduce finer scale gradients. We find that the terrestrial biosphere in Europe absorbed a net average of -165 Tg C yr-1 over the period considered. This uptake is predominantly in non-EU countries, and is found in the northern coniferous (-94 Tg C yr-1) and mixed forests (-30 Tg C yr-1) as well as the forest/field complexes of eastern Europe (-85 Tg C yr-1). An optimistic uncertainty estimate derived using three biosphere models suggests the uptake to be in a range of -122 to -258 Tg C yr-1, while a more conservative estimate derived from the a-posteriori covariance estimates is -165±437 Tg C yr-1. Note, however, that uncertainties are hard to estimate given the nature of the system and are likely to be significantly larger than this. Interannual variability in NEE includes a reduction in uptake due to the 2003 drought followed by 3 years of more than average uptake. The largest anomaly of NEE occurred in 2005 concurrent with increased seasonal cycles of observed CO2. We speculate these changes to result from the strong negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation in 2005 that lead to favorable summer growth conditions, and altered horizontal and vertical mixing in the atmosphere. All our results are available through http://www.carbontracker.eu. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Published
2010
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