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espanolObjetivo: Comparar la incidencia de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) en mujeres con tres o mas factores de riesgo para desarrollar DMG suplementadas con mioinositol mas probioticos versus mujeres sin suplementacion. Material y metodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, grupo 1, mujeres con suplementacion (mioinositol 2 g mas Bifidobacterium lactis y Lactobacillus rhamnosus 5x108unidades formadoras de colonias, dos veces al dia, de las 12-14 hasta las 28 semanas de gestacion); grupo 2, mujeres con control prenatal habitual sin suplementacion, pareadas por edad e indice de masa corporal (IMC). El resultado primario fue la incidencia de DMG utilizando los criterios de la Asociacion Internacional de Grupos de Estudio de Diabetes y Embarazo. Resultados: Grupo 1, n = 48, y grupo 2 n = 96. No hubo diferencias significativas en caracteristicas basales como edad, IMC, y numero de factores de riesgo entre los grupos. La incidencia de DMG en el grupo 1 fue n = 14 (29.2%) y en el grupo 2 n = 46 (47.9%); RR: 0.61 (IC 95%: 0.37-0.99; p = 0.03). Conclusiones: La suplementacion desde las 12-14 semanas de gestacion con mioinositol mas probioticos disminuye la incidencia de DMG en mujeres mexicanas. EnglishAim: To compare the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with three or more risk factor to developing GDM supplemented with myo-inositol plus probiotics versus women care without supplementation. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, group 1, women with supplementation (myo-inositol 2g plus Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 5x108 UFC, twice per day, from 12-14 to 28 weeks of gestation; group 2, women with prenatal care without supplementation, matched by age and body mass index (BMI). The primary outcome was the incidence of GDM using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. Results: Group 1 n=48, group 2 n=96. There were no significant baseline differences between groups in age, BMI and number of risk factors. The incidence of GDM in group 1 was n=14 (29.2%), and for group 2 n=46 (47.9%); RR: 0.61 (95% CI: 0.37-0.99; p = 0.03). Conclusions: Supplementation from 12-14 weeks of gestation with myo-inositol plus probiotics decrease the incidence of GDM in Mexican women.

PURPOSE To perform a systematic review comparing outcomes of segmental versus circumferential arthroscopic labral reconstruction as a treatment for symptomatic irreparable or unsalvageable acetabular labral pathology. METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study groups were divided into segmental and circumferential labral reconstructions. Studies with

Background. The general toxic effects of local anesthe­tics on vital organs are the most severe side effects of regional blockades. The purpose was to study the effectiveness and safety of combined solutions of local anesthetics in the brachial plexus block. Materials and methods. Forty-nine patients were divided into 2 study groups. The first group (controls) consisted of 24 individuals who received a solution of 0.5% bupivacaine 36 ml (180 mg) with adrenaline 1 : 200,000 as an adjuvant to block the brachial plexus. The second group (main) consisted of 25 patients, who were treated with a mixture of 2% lidocaine 12 ml (240 mg) and 0.5% bupivacaine 12 ml (60 mg) diluted with a solution of 0.9% NaCl 12 ml and adrenaline 1 : 200,000 as an adjuvant. Results. In the first group (bupivacaine), the onset time of sensory block averaged 11.3 ± 4.3 minutes, motor block — 21.0 ± 7.8 minutes. The motor block duration was 894 ± 237 minutes. In the second group (mixture), the onset time of sensory block averaged 8.0 ± 3.6 minutes, motor block — 14.0 ± 6.2 minutes, which was significantly less than in the first group. The duration of the motor block was 539 ± 186 minutes. The longest postoperative analgesia was registered in the bupivacaine group — 984 ± 263 minutes. The duration of postoperative analgesia in the main group was slightly shorter — 612 ± 210 minu­tes. Conclusions. The proposed combination of local anesthe­tics bupivacaine and lidocaine allows reducing the bupivacaine dose by three times, which decreases the toxic complications of conduction anesthesia. The clinical use of the proposed drug combination reduces the duration of the latent period and provides long-term postoperative analgesia., Актуальність. Найважчим проявом побічних ефектів при регіонарних блокадах є загальний токсичний вплив місцевих анестетиків на життєво важливі органи. Метою дослідження є вивчення ефективності й безпечності застосування комбінованих розчинів місцевих анестетиків при блокадах плечового сплетення. Матеріали та методи. 49 хворих було розподілено у 2 групи дослідження. Першу групу (контрольну) становили 24 хворі, яким для блокування плечового сплетення застосовувався розчин бупівакаїну 0,5% 36 мл (180 мг) з додаванням як ад’юванту адреналіну 1 : 200 000. Другу групу (основну) становили 25 хворих, яким для блокування плечового сплетення застосовувалась суміш розчинів лідокаїну 2% 12 мл (240 мг) і бупівакаїну 0,5% 12 мл (60 мг) з розведенням розчином NaCl 0,9% 12 мл і додаванням як ад’юванту адреналіну 1 : 200 000. Результати. У першій групі (бупівакаїн) час до початку сенсорної блокади в середньому становив 11,3 ± 4,3 хв, моторної блокади — 21,0 ± 7,8 хв. Тривалість моторного блоку — 894 ± 237 хв. У другій групі (суміш) час до початку сенсорної блокади в середньому становив 8,0 ± 3,6 хв, моторної блокади — 14,0 ± 6,2 хв, що було вірогідно меншим, ніж у першій групі. Тривалість моторного блоку — 539 ± 186 хв. Найбільшу тривалість післяопераційної аналгезії було зареєстровано в групі бупівакаїну — 984 ± 263 хв. В основній групі тривалість післяопераційного знеболювання була дещо меншою і становила 612 ± 210 хв. Висновки. Запропонована комбінація місцевих анестетиків бупівакаїну і лідокаїну дозволяє в три рази зменшити дозу бупівакаїну, що знижує імовірність токсичних ускладнень провідникової анестезії. Клінічне застосування запропонованої комбінації препаратів скорочує тривалість латентного періоду, забезпечує тривалу післяопераційну аналгезію.

The objective of this study was to determine the immediate effects of transcutaneous electrical nervous stimulation (TENS) and semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises on acoustic parameters in teachers in the city of Chillan. The study was based on a quantitative methodological perspective, with a comparative descriptive scope and a quasi-experimental longitudinal design. The sample was composed of 30 teachers belonging to the Reyes de Espana School, who were evaluated using Praat software, pre and post treatment. The teachers were divided into 2 groups; control group (semi-occluded vocal tract therapy) and experimental group (semi-occluded vocal tract therapy and electrostimulation) who were treated during a single session of approximately 10 min. The values of the acoustic parameters were then compared [Jitter, Shimmer, Harmonic to Noise Ratio (HNR) and Maximum Phonation Time (MPT)] between both groups. The acoustic analysis showed statistically significant post-intervention changes in all the parameters evaluated for both study groups, however, in the experimental group the means showed a greater difference, with a p value less than .01. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises in resonance tubes combined with TENS have immediate positive effects on TMF, Jitter, Shimmer and HNR acoustic parameters in teachers without vocal pathology.

To evaluate and analyze the microbiomes component of the vagina in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS, and compare it with that of healthy females. A case- control study included 120 participants, 60 had been diagnosed as having PCOS according to the Rotterdam Criteria for diagnosis of PCOS and the other 60 are healthy females visiting the outpatient private clinics in Hay Aljameaa/ Al-Harthya in Baghdad from October 2020 till march 2021 for different medical problems, statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS computer application for statistical analysis. Both study groups had L. crispatus in their vagina, while for L. jensonii 93.33% of control group have this microbiota while only 66.66% of PCOS group have it, L. gasseri presents in the vagina of 80% of controls and only 38.33% of PCOS. S. aureus in 41.66% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, S. epidermidis presents in 25% of PCOS females while it not presents in control group. Str. Pyogenes presents in 36.67% of PCOS group and absent in control group (p< 0.0001), Str. Agalactiae presents in 26.67% of PCOS group and 1.67% of control group. Bacteroides presents in 30% of PCOS cases and only in 1.67% of controls (p< 0.0001). For other types of vaginal microbiota e.g. Gardnerella vaginalis we found that it presents in high percentage of PCOS group 66.67% and absent in females of control group, Prevotella spp presents in 55% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, Mobiluncus spp and Fusobacterium spp were absent in both study groups. For candida species, C. albicans presents in 30% and 6.67% of vagina of PCOS and control group respectively. There is large diversity in the vaginal microbiota with disruption to normal flora in PCOS affected patients so We need further studies to evaluate the relationship between the microbiota and different PCOS symptoms.

The Fast Friends Procedure (FFP) is a widely used experimental paradigm to induce emotional intimacy. Besides exploring the validity of a German translation of the paradigm (n = 46), we developed an extension of the FFP that induces sexual intimacy and assessed heart rate, high-frequency heart rate variability, and electrodermal activity responses to the FFP and its extension. Furthermore, we examined its applicability to individuals with childhood maltreatment (n = 56), who frequently suffer from intimacy-related difficulties. Intimacy, positive affect, liking, and attraction increased during the FFP and partly during the sexual intimacy extension in both study groups. Moreover, both groups showed physiological responses consistent with positive social interactions. The use of the German FFP and its sexual intimacy extension can thus be recommended for research in the general population and in individuals with childhood maltreatment, although more studies are needed to further validate the paradigms.

BACKGROUND Study groups are multicenter collaborations aimed at improving orthopaedic decision-making through higher-powered, more generalizable studies. New research is disseminated through peer-reviewed literature and academic meetings, including the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) annual meeting, which brings together academic and medical professionals in pediatric orthopaedics. The goal of this study was to identify patterns in podium presentations (PP) at the POSNA annual meeting resulting from multicenter study groups during a 15-year period. METHODS A total of 2065 PP from the 2006 to 2020 POSNA annual meetings were identified. The abstracts of each PP were reviewed to determine if they resulted from a multicenter study group and for characteristics including subspecialty focus. PP from 2006 to 2018 were further reviewed for publication in academic journals. Pearson correlation was used to assess change in the number of PP resulting from study groups overtime. Univariate analysis was used to compare characteristics of PP based on study group involvement (significance P

This study explored the effect of active learning on developing imagination skills among students with learning disabilities in English language in Irbid city, Jordan. The study used the experimental approach and was applied to a sample of 60 female and male students, who were chosen purposefully. The sample was divided into two groups, an experimental, which was taught using the active learning method, and a control group, which was taught according to the traditional method. The results revealed the existence of significant differences between the performance of the experimental group and the control group on the post-imagination test in favor of the experimental group. The findings also showed statistically significant differences between the scores of the two study groups on the post-imagination test due to the gender variable, and the difference was in favor of males. In light of the findings of the study, the researcher recommended preparing training programs on active learning and preparing a guide for teachers, which can be used to teach and learn reading, writing, and imagination skills in the basic stage.

The Technical Committee on Biological and Medical Measurements (TC-25) aims at establishing, developing, promoting and supporting cooperation among researchers in the different fields of biological and medical measurements. Sensors for the measurement of clinical and/ or biological parameters, instrument and procedure characterization, instrument interoperability and interconnection, and data processing are some of the topics of interest to the TC-25. To those aims, the technical committee designs and realizes joint activities, like study groups aimed at standardization, such as the Subcommittee on Blood Pressure Measurement (SCOBPM); conferences or special sessions, such as the IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA); and several special sessions during the annual IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technical Conferences. TC-25 is also continuously engaged to maintain liaisons with other committees, groups, societies and organizations working on topics related to the TC scope. This paper presents the latest updates about the main activities of the TC-25. Some information about the TC-25 activities and targets is briefly presented, then the objectives and the efforts of the SCOBPM are summarized, and finally, the history and latest updates of our main conference, the MeMeA Symposium, are reported.

O presente artigo tem o intuito de apresentar um breve panorama acerca do grupo Apophatiké: Estudos interdisciplinares em Mística. O grupo congrega pesquisadores de diversas áreas acadêmicas, especialmente de Filosofia, Teologia, Letras, Psicologia e Ciências da Religião, de várias Instituições do Brasil, que têm suas pesquisas vinculadas aos temas da Mística e da Ascese. Iniciado em Março de 2010, mantém reuniões periódicas, no decurso das quais os membros do grupo apresentam internamente suas pesquisas e decidem os encaminhamentos das atividades do grupo. Além da realização de grupos de estudos e eventos acadêmicos, o grupo tem como objetivo produzir textos que representem as conclusões de suas pesquisas. Os temas principais pesquisados são: Relações entre Mística e Literatura na contemporaneidade; a Mística Neoplatônica (Plotino, Proclo e Pseudo-Dionísio); Mística dos Primeiros Padres (Orígenes, Evágrio, Agostinho), Mística e Psicanálise (Freud, Fichte) Místicos Contemporâneos (Simone Weil, Christian de Chergé, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, etc). Palavras-chave: mística, literatura, filosofia, interdisciplinariedade, antiguidade, contemporaneidade

Objectives: The aim of this qualitative study was to examine orthodontic patients’ thoughts and experiences about the invisible orthodontic treatment options – lingual braces and Invisalign – through the analysis of Twitter posts’ content. Materials and Methods: A software program was written for the data collection. The program consecutively collected the tweets posted over an 8-month period from Twitter’s publicly accessible database. Tweets that were written in the English language and contained any of the four keywords “Invisalign,” “lingualorthodontics,” “lingualbraces,” and “invisiblebraces” were collected. The tweets that included irrelevant or incoherent posts, professional advertisements, unclear/not applicable content, and reposts were excluded from the study. Two authors, with different experiences, independently read, and analyzed the tweets. Each applicable tweet was classified into one of the three categories: Positive, negative, and neutral for two study groups (Invisalign and lingual braces). Pearson Chi-square test was used to analyze the negative and positive tweet rates of the groups. Results: 1176 of 2407 tweets were selected as applicable and analyzed by the authors. There was a statistically significant very good agreement between the two observers (Kappa = 0.933, P < 0.001). The negative comment rate (39%) and neutral comment rate (31.1%) in the lingual group were statistically higher than the Invisalign group (27.2% and 21.7%, respectively; P < 0.001). The positive comment rate in the Invisalign group was significantly higher (51.1%) compared to the lingual group (29.9%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Orthodontic patients use social media to share their experiences and feelings about their treatment process. The applicable Tweet number and the positive Tweet rate in the Invisalign group were higher than the lingual braces group.

AIM:To assess the effect of Stelfrin supra (phenylephrine 2.5%) on the condition of accommodation, refraction and evaluate subjective comfort in instillation and adolescents with various refractive disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Examined 45 people with mild emmetropia and hyperopia with symptoms of habitual excess tension of accommodation (15 people), with mild myopia (15 people), with moderate myopia (15 people) at the age of 7 to 16 years. Visometry, autorefractometry, assessment of the volume of absolute accommodation (positive and negative parts), subjective assessment of asthenopic complaints according to the OSDI scale were carried out before and 1 month after daily instillations of Stelfrin supra (phenylephrine 2.5%). RESULTS:After 1 month of instillation of the Stelfrin supra, the manifestations of accommodative asthenopia in the vast majority of patients in the study groups decreased, the habitual tonus of accommodation decreased, the volume of absolute accommodation increased, most significantly its negative part. The uncorrected visual acuity increased by 31% in patients of group 1 with emmetropia and mild hyperopia with habitually excessive tension of accommodation. The uncorrected visual acuity increased by 23% in patients of group 2 with mild myopia. An increase in the margin of relative accommodation was noted in patients of groups 1 and 2. Instillation of the drug was not accompanied by severe discomfort in the vast majority of patients. CONCLUSIONS:Stelfrin supra has shown its effectiveness in accommodating and refractive disorders in childhood and can be recommended in the treatment of children with accommodation disorders, asthenopia and mild to moderate myopia.

Objectives To evaluate and compare the perception of different dental professionals and laypersons toward altered gingival characteristics (microesthetics) and to identify those characteristics that are most negatively and positively rated. Materials and Methods A smiling photograph of a female dental student was selected and digitally manipulated to create changes in different microesthetic parameters. These altered images were rated by the following five groups: 120 orthodontists, 45 periodontists, 49 prosthodontists, 130 general dentists, and 172 laypersons. Smile esthetics scores were calculated, and comparisons between groups were performed using the univariate general linear model. Results The presence of black triangles between the upper incisors was the most negatively rated, and the ideal smile was the most positively rated. Significant differences were detected in the rating scores among the different study groups (P < .05). Orthodontists, prosthodontists, and general dentists scored the presence of a black triangle in the smile as the least attractive, whereas periodontists and laypersons perceived the inflamed gingiva and pigmented gingiva as the least attractive, respectively. Dental specialists tended to give the altered smile images lower scores than the laypersons. Conclusions The ideal smile and that with black triangles between the upper incisors were rated as the most and the least attractive smiles, respectively. Orthodontists, prosthodontists, and general dentists scored the presence of black triangles in the smile as the least attractive, whereas periodontists and laypersons perceived the inflamed gingiva and pigmented gingiva as the least attractive smiles, respectively. Dental specialists tended to give the altered smile images lower scores than the laypersons.

Leishmaniasis is one of today's most neglected diseases. The emergence of new anti-leishmanial therapies emphasizes several study groups funded by the World Health Organization. The present investigation will focus on the research to determine a few new potential derivatives of β-carboline ester derivatives against leishmaniasis. The

Background Empathy is an important competence in the professional development of medical students. The purpose of our study was to compare the levels and scales of empathy in people studying in different educational strategies. Methods The study was conducted between April 2019 and March 2020. Medicine, nursing, midwifery, physiotherapy, psychology, pedagogy and sociology students were the participants of this study. University students preparing for medical professions (n = 1001) and students of programs unrelated to medicine (n = 700) underwent the Empathy Quotient test (EQ-40). We have compared results in both study groups with the use of the distribution of density, analysis of variance and student’s t-test. Results The average results received by students of the university preparing for medical professions were lower (M = 42.6) than those of the non-medical university students (M = 45.3) and the differences between the universities turned out to be statistically important (t = − 5.15, df = 1699, p n = 412) manifested the lowest empathy class. Our research has revealed that the students with Asperger profile (AP) and high-functioning autism (HFA) studied at universities preparing for medical professions (n = 18) more frequently than at non-medical universities (n = 5). Conclusions We have noticed a serious indicator of erosion in the levels of empathy in medical students and an increase in the number of people with AP and HFA. Empathy decreases in students after the third year of their studies, regardless of the kind of university. We recommend an introduction of career counselling when specialization is being chosen.

The study "Quality of life and well-being of the very old in North Rhine-Westphalia NRW80+" aims at giving a representative picture of the quality of life (QoL) in this population. Conceptually, QoL research has rarely considered the values of older individuals themselves and societal values, and their relevance for successful life conduct. Empirically, comparisons of different age groups over the age of 80 years are rare and hampered by quickly decreasing numbers of individuals in oldest age groups in the population of very old individuals.This paper describes the population of the NRW80+ study and different age groups of very old individuals with respect to biographical background. Furthermore, using the challenges and potentials model of QoL in very old age (CHAPO), key aspects of QoL in late life are discussed and the importance of normative stipulations of what constitutes a successful life conduct are highlighted. In the NRW80+ study older age groups (i.e., 85-89 years, 90+ years) were deliberately overrepresented in the survey sample to enable robust cross-group comparison. Individuals willing to participate in the study but unable to participate in the interview themselves for health reasons were included by means of proxy interviews. The total sample included 1863 individuals and 176 individuals were represented by proxy interviews. Pronounced differences were observed between age groups 80-84 years (born 1933-1937, N = 1012), 85-89 years (born 1928-1932, N = 573), and 90 years or older (*born before 1927, N = 278) with respect to education, employment and the timing of major life events (e.g., childbirth).Different life courses and resulting living conditions should be considered when discussing QoL disparities in very old age.HINTERGRUND: Die Studie „Lebensqualität und Wohlbefinden hochaltriger Menschen in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW80+)“ zeichnet ein repräsentatives, differenziertes Bild der Lebensqualität (LQ) in der Hochaltrigkeit. Bisher vorgeschlagene LQ-Modelle berücksichtigen nur unzureichend sowohl individuelle Werthaltungen älterer Menschen als auch gesellschaftliche Werte bei der Diskussion von Konstellationen gelingender Lebensführung. Nur wenige empirische Studien erlauben gegenwärtig einen differenzierten Blick auf Altersunterschiede jenseits von 80 Jahren, nicht zuletzt wegen des geringen Anteils der Ältesten in der Population.Der Artikel beschreibt die NRW80+-Studienpopulation und Altersgruppen hinsichtlich ihres biografischen Hintergrunds. Die Nutzung des Challenges and Potentials Model of QoL in Very-Old Age (CHAPO) erlaubt es, Kernpunkte von LQ zu erörtern und die Relevanz von normativen Wertevorstellen über eine erfolgreiche Lebensführung herauszustellen. Ältere Hochaltrige wurden in der Stichprobe gezielt überrepräsentiert, um aussagekräftige Altersvergleiche zu erlauben. Informationen über Personen, die aufgrund ihres Gesundheitszustands das Interview nicht selbst führen konnten, wurden durch Stellvertreterinterviews mit einem nahen Angehörigen/Bekannten erhoben. Die Gesamtstichprobe umfasste 1863 Interviews; für 176 Personen wurden Stellvertreterinterviews geführt. Die betrachteten Kohorten 80–84 Jahre (geb. 1933–1937, N = 1012), 85–89 Jahre (geb. 1928–1932, N = 573) und 90 Jahre oder älter (geb. vor 1927, N = 278) unterschieden sich wesentlich mit Blick auf Lebensverlauf und grundlegende Lebensumstände.Unterschiedliche Lebensverläufe und resultierende Lebensbedingungen sollten bei der Diskussion von ungleicher LQ im sehr hohen Lebensalter berücksichtigt werden.

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of chitosan and formocresol as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars. Methods: Children of age 4-8 years old, who were physically and mentally healthy without any known medical history of systemic conditions contraindicating pulp therapy with at least one deep carious primary molars indicated for pulpotomy, were recruited. Pulpotomies were performed on 64 teeth divided into 2 groups, Group A (chitosan) and Group B (formocresol), followed by stainless steel crowns. Evaluation of clinical and radiological success was done at 1, 3 and 6 months follow up. Chi Square Test was used to compare the clinical and radiological parameters between study groups at different time intervals (p < 0.05) Results: Clinical success rate in both groups was 96.6% and radiographic success rate in chitosan was 96.6%, but formocresol was 89.6%. Conclusions: Chitosan was found to be an effective medicament for pulpotomy in primary molars. While chitosan also showed improved success rate compared to formocresol, it was not statistically significant.

This study aimed to find out the effect of the blended learning strategy on the achievement of the fourth-grade students in the basic science subject in the Basira Basira Directorate of Education in Tafila Governorate. The study members were selected by intentional method, and they numbered (52) students from fourth grade students in Al-Harith Basic School for Boys, and the two divisions were randomly assigned and distributed into two divisions. One of them is a control group, which was (27) students who were taught the traditional strategy, and the other is (25) students as an experimental one who learned the blended learning strategy. Its validity and reliability were verified and then applied to the study sample. The results of the study showed a statistically significant difference in the achievement of the study sample at the level of significance )α≤0.05) between the averages of the scores of the two study groups in favor of the experimental group that learned with the blended learning strategy. Achieving science among fourth-grade students in Tafila Governorate by securing the necessary infrastructure to facilitate the application of blended learning by equipping laboratories and ensuring the validity of the Internet.

Summary Objectives This study aimed to compare the immediate influence of four commonly used retainer wires on tooth mobility following orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and Methods Eighty patients after orthodontic treatment were assigned to four study groups (n = 20 in each group). Groups were provided with directly bonded fixed retainers—0.0150″ (group A), 0.0175″ (group B), 0.016 × 0.022″ (group C), and 0.0215″ (group D). Tooth mobility was measured using the Periotest device at two times—after removal of fixed appliance (T1) and after bonding of the retainer (T2). Values of tooth mobility, ‘Periotest values’, were analysed between groups and compared with the physiologic tooth mobility in a control group of untreated patients (n = 65). Kruskal–Wallis H, Mann–Whitney U, Dunn’s test, Fisher’s exact test, and binary logistic regression tests were used to analyze the data. Results Tooth mobility after orthodontic treatment was significantly increased. While canines remained within normal range of tooth mobility, values for incisors increased on average to the first degree of tooth mobility (slight mobility). Logistic regression analysis identified age as a significant predictor for increased tooth mobility (P = 0.032) with odds ratio 1.065 (95% CI 1.005–1.128), with mobility increasing with age. After bonding of the retainer in all four groups, the tooth mobility was reduced to values which were not significantly different form normal physiological values found in the control group (P > 0.05). There were no differences in the amount of change or in tooth mobility values at T2 between the different types of bonded retainers. Limitations Age of subjects in the control group was significantly higher than that in the study groups. An alternation method was used instead of randomization to distribute the four different types of retainers. Conclusions All of the retainer wires were able to successfully reduce the increased tooth mobility caused by orthodontic treatment to normal levels. The values of tooth mobility after placement of retainers were within the range of physiologic tooth mobility.

Objectives To assess the objective compliance levels in skeletal Class II patients with mandibular retrognathia wearing monoblock and twin-block appliances. Materials and Methods A prospective clinical study was conducted with 30 patients between 10 and 15 years old who were equally divided into two study groups. Group 1 was treated with monoblock, and group 2 was treated with twin-block appliances. The patients were instructed to wear their appliance for 15 hours per day. Wear times were monitored by a microsensor. (TheraMon; MCTechnology, Hargelsberg, Austria) for an average of six appointments. Patients were also instructed to record their wear times on a chart, and this record was admitted as subjective wear time. Statistical analysis was performed with the data derived from both the patients' charts and the monitoring records. Results The mean wear time by the patients was 10.67 ± 3.93 hours, which was less than the 15 hours prescribed by the orthodontist, with no difference between the two appliances (P > .05). The regular use rate, which included the days with a wear time of 8 hours or more per day, was 75%. Compliance levels decreased by 35% throughout the six control appointments. Patients declared that their wear time was more than their objective wear time by an average of 3.76 hours. Conclusions Despite their different designs, there was no significant difference between the monoblock and twin-block appliances in terms of compliance.

Objective This study explored self-reported experiences of alternate admission track plan (AATP) students who completed a chiropractic training program at a US chiropractic college. Methods Our institution conducted semistructured exit interviews with 16 graduating AATP students. Our consensus-drafted open-ended interview questions probed in-depth for these students' experience throughout the training program, with national board exams, their personal characteristics, their satisfaction with the training program generally, and with the AATP program specifically. We employed a content analysis to identify themes and patterns of responses across the blinded deidentified interview transcripts. We used a combination of deductive coding based on our interview guides, and inductive coding to identify newly emerging subthemes. Results Perceived facilitators of student success were strong commitment to chiropractic, cooperative, and supportive environment (eg, student study groups and a highly committed faculty), work ethic, and time management skills. Although many recommended that AATP entrants without science backgrounds take prerequisite courses in biology and chemistry, they also observed that a capable student could dedicate the time and effort to obtain the needed information via available college resources. Conclusion Graduating AATP students were positive about the AATP program overall, and their preparation for national board exams and for clinical practice. They greatly valued the opportunity to accelerate their entrance into chiropractic college. A major limitation of this study is that the perspectives of AATP students who did not complete the doctor of chiropractic program are not represented in these interviews of graduating students.

Objective We aimed to reveal the association of serum alarin level with POR status of the infertile women in the present study. Methods The eligibility criteria for this prospective cross-sectional study included a total of 92 infertile women attending the Hitit University Hospital, and all participant women were categorized into two main groups of ovarian reserve: (i) Poor ovarian reserve (POR) group (n = 40) based on ESHRE consensus and (ii) Control group (NOR) (n = 52). Results The mean adjusted-ages and BMI values of the NOR and POR groups were statistically comparable (p = .057 and p = .600, respectively). The mean E2, FSH, and LH levels were elevated in the POR group (p < .001, for all). The mean AFC and AMH concentration were significantly reduced in the POR group (p < .001, for both). In addition, there was a significant increase in the serum alarin level in the POR group (p < .001). Pearson's analysis revealed that the mean BMI value of the POR group had a weak and negative correlation (r = 0.318, p = .046). Also, there was no correlation between serum alarin with E2 and FSH levels in both study groups. A weak and positive correlation was found between serum alarin and LH concentration only in the POR group (r = 0.318, p = .045). The mean AMH and AFC values were not significantly correlated with serum alarin levels. Conclusion The circulating alarin level was significantly elevated in infertile women with POR patterns. In addition, the alarin level was significantly correlated with the serum LH concentration in the POR pattern. Scientific Research Unit of the Hitit University, Corum, Turkey This research was supported by The Scientific Research Unit of the Hitit University, Corum, Turkey. WOS:000671486700001 2-s2.0-85110319351 PubMed: 34241554

Considering the figures that the World Health Organization (WHO) draws attention almostevery year it is seen that child abuse and neglectis increasing day by day in the whole world.Similarly, TUIK, both of Ministry of Health and Security General Directorate's datas indicatesthat in Turkey; child abuse and neglect have seen more frequent every year. The aim of thisstudy is to evaluate the research done in the years between 1995-2020 that on the abusepreventing program. The model of the research is descriptive scanning model. It was concludedthat the study groups in the studies consisted mostly of children, the studies were conductedmostly to increase the level of knowledge and acquire skills, and the studies covering all typesof abuse were more intense than the others. Considering the distribution of the studies by yearsit was concluded that there was an increase in the number of studies between 2011-2015 and thehighest increase was between 2016-2020. On the other hand, it was concluded that 45.45% of theabuses showed a distribution as all types of abuse, 42.42% as sexual abuse and 12.12% asemotional abuse and neglect.

Background: Recently with the changes in population lifestyle, prediabetes is constantly on the rise. Management of prediabetes currently is with lifestyle modifications like weight loss, exercise and diet control. Better drugs with acceptable safety profile are needed for better control of prediabetes. This study was thus designed to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic effect of one such potential compound Syzygium cumini (SC) (Jamun)in comparison to conventional antidiabetic drug Metformin. Methods: Rats were divided into four study groups (SC 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, metformin 90 mg/kg and SC 200 mg/kg with metformin 90 mg/kg). The glycaemic changes were followed up for a period of 8 weeks. Results: Streptozotocin (STZ) induced significant rise in blood glucose levels in the rats. SC100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg caused a reduction in BSL (192.50 ± 6.189 & 175.00 ± 6.782 respectively). SC 200 mg/kg alone and in combination with metformin caused a significant reduction in HbA1C levels at the end of 8th week (8.84 ± 0.65 &6.86 ± 0.40 respectively) as compared to their baseline levels. Increase in dose had led to more significant reduction in BSL at the end of 8th week in groups A & B (p < 0.05). However, reduction of BSL was superior with Metforminalone (159.17 ± 13.060) compared to Syzygium cumini administered alone. Also antihyperglycemic effect of Syzygium cumini administered along with metformin was significant (p < 0.05) compared to either doses of Syzygium cumini given alone. Conclusions: Syzygium cumini demonstratedantihyperglycemic activity in diabetic rats but less significant when compared to metformin. Antihyperglycaemic effect of Syzygium cumini with metformin was significantly better than either drugsgiven alone. In prediabetic or diabeticindividuals Syzygium cumini seed powdercan be suggested as a potential add-on therapy with conventional antidiabetic drugs. However more non-clinical and clinical studies need to be conducted to confirm the findings.

هدف الدراسة: تمثل الهدف الرئيس للدراسة في عرض وتحليل الآثار الحالية والمحتملة لتداعيات جائحة فيروس کورونا المستجد (COVID-19) ببيئة التقارير المالية، وبيان محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات الجائحة في ضوء متطلبات معايير المحاسبة الدولية والمصرية والإصدارات والممارسات المهنية ذات الصلة، وتحديد أهم المشاکل والتحديات التي تعوق هذا الإفصاح وآليات مواجهتها. فضلا عن قياس أثر محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي على القيمة السوقية للأسهم بالبورصة المصرية. - التصميم والمنهجية: قام الباحث بإجراء مسح ميداني لبيان محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن جائحة فيروس کورونا وذلک لثلاثة فئات تضم معدي التقارير المالية، والمستثمرين بالبورصة، والأکاديميين بأقسام المحاسبة والمراجعة، وتم تحليل إجابات عينات الدراسة بواقع 153مفردة بنسبة 85% باستخدام أساليب برنامج التحليل الإحصائي SPSS. کما قام الباحث بإجراء دراسة تطبيقية لعدد 214 شرکة مقيده بالبورصة المصرية من خلال تحليل سلسلة زمنية يومية بلغت 243 يوم تداول عن عام 2020م بإستخدام منهجية تحليل الحدث، لقياس أثر الإفصاح عن معلومات الجائحة على القيمة السوقية للأسهم. - النتائج: کشفت نتائج المسح الميداني عن عدم وجود تمايز ذو دلالة معنوية بين فئات الدراسة بشأن محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات جائحة کورونا، في حين يوجد تمايز ذو دلالة معنوية بين فئات الدراسة بشأن مشاکل وتحديات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات جائحة کورونا والآليات المقترحة للتغلب عليها. کما کشفت الدراسة التطبيقية عن وجود تأثير ذو دلالة معنوية بين الإفصاح عن معلومات جائحة فيروس کورونا المستجد والقيمة السوقية لأسهم الشرکات المقيدة بالبورصة المصرية، وکذلک وجود تمايز ذو دلالة معنوية بين قطاعات سوق الأوراق المالية المصرية (18 قطاع) من حيث تأثر القيمة السوقية للسهم بتداعيات جائحة فيروس کورونا، وذلک باستخدام معدل العائد غير الطبيعي التراکمي CAR للأسهم. - الأصالة والإضافة: تسهم هذه الدراسة في بيان محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات جائحة فيـروس کورونا وقياس أثرها على القيمة السوقية للأسهم بالبورصة المصرية، من خلال إستخدام منهجية دراسة الحدث. Abstract: - Study objective: The main objective of the study was to present and analyze the current and potential impacts of the repercussions of the emerging corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic in the financial reporting environment, and to clarify the determinants of accounting disclosure of pandemic information in light of the requirements of international and Egyptian accounting standards, publications and relevant professional practices, and to identify the most important problems and challenges that hinder this disclosure and the mechanisms to confront them. As well as measuring the impact of accounting disclosure determinants on the market value of shares on the Egyptian Stock Exchange. - Design and methodology: The researcher conducted a field survey to clarify the determinants of accounting disclosure about Coronavirus pandemic for three categories, accountants, stock exchange investors, and academics in accounting and auditing departments. The researcher also conducted an applied study for 214 companies listed on (E.S.E) by analyzing a daily time series of 243 days for the year 2020, using the event analysis methodology, to measure the impact of disclosure of pandemic information on the market value of shares. - The study results: The results of the field survey revealed that there is no significant discriminants between the study categories regarding the determinants of the accounting disclosure of the Corona pandemic information, while there is a significant discriminants between the study groups regarding the problems and challenges of the accounting disclosure of the COVID-19 information and the proposed mechanisms to overcome them. The applied study also revealed that there is a significant impact between the disclosure of information about the emerging Coronavirus pandemic and the market value of the shares of companies listed on (E.S.E), as well as the existence of a significant discriminants between the Egyptian stock market sectors (18 sectors) in terms of the market value of the share affected by the repercussions of the pandemic Coronavirus, using the CAR. - Originality and addition: This study contributes to clarifying the determinants of the accounting disclosure of the Corona virus pandemic information and measuring its impact on the market value of stocks on (E.S.E), by using the event methodology analysis.

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la influencia del Programa Vela en la mejora de la responsabilidad social de los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo-Trujillo 2020. La metodología utilizada fue de una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo aplicado en un diseño cuasiexperimental. Teniendo como muestra a dos grupos de estudio: experimental y control con 30 estudiantes por grupo con las mismas características, a quienes se le aplicó un test a nivel pre y post. Se encontró en la prueba U de Mann-Whitney el valor de p = 0,000 y la diferencia de rangos promedios de los grupos: experimental y control fue 30 %, referida a su hipótesis general. Finalmente se concluye que existe una influencia altamente significativa del programa educativo Vela en el fortalecimiento de la Responsabilidad social en los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo.