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2. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Hay, Simon I, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adedeji, Isaac A, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Sutapa, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkaabi, Juma M, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Maskari, Fatma, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Althouse, Benjamin M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asgedom, Solomon W, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Awasthi, Shally, Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza, Azzopardi, Peter, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Bannick, Marlena S, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Battista, Robert, Battle, Katherine E, Baune, Bernhard T, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhansali, Anil, Bhatt, Samir, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Blyth, Fiona M, Boneya, Dube Jara, Bose, Dipan, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brainin, Michael, Brayne, Carol, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Briant, Paul S, Britton, Gabrielle, Brugha, Traolach S, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair R, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cameron, Ewan, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Carabin, Hélène, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Carvalho, Felix, Casey, Daniel, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castle, Chris D, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chen, Honglei, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Colombara, Danny, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cooper, Cyrus, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Cortinovis, Monica, Criqui, Michael H, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Cross, Marita, Crump, John A, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dalal, Koustuv, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, das Neves, José, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, De Leo, Diego, De Steur, Hans, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dhillon, Preet K, Dicker, Daniel, Djalainia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Dorsey, E Ray, dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Ebel, Beth E, Echko, Michelle, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eshetie, Setegn, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Farag, Tamer, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazeli, Mir Sohail, Feigin, Valery L, Feigl, Andrea B, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C, Ferrari, Alize J, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Franklin, Richard C, Frostad, Joseph J, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M, Futran, Neal D, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebre, Teshome, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Geleto, Ayele, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W, Ghajar, Alireza, Gibney, Katherine B, Gillum, Richard F, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Goel, Kashish, Goenka, Shifalika, Goldberg, Ellen M, Gona, Philimon N, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gosselin, Richard A, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Gupta, Rahul, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Haro, Josep Maria, Harun, Kimani M, Harvey, James, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Hendrie, Delia, Henry, Nathaniel J, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Howard J, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian G, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Huynh, Chantal, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, Ikeda, Chad, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, James, Peter, Jassal, Simerjot K, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, John, Denny, Johnson, Catherine O, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Kar, Chittaranjan, Karam, Nadim E, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimi, Seyed M, Karimkhani, Chante, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Keren, Andre, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Daniel, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivimaki, Mika, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotsakis, Georgios A, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lambert, Nkurunziza, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larsson, Anders, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Paul H, Leigh, James, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S, Linn, Shai, Liu, Patrick Y, Liu, Angela, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J, Lopez, Alan D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lucas, Timothy C D, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Maddison, Emilie R, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manguerra, Helena, Manhertz, Treh, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Mapoma, Chabila C, March, Lyn M, Marczak, Laurie B, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins, Paulo Henrique Viegas, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, März, Winfried, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGaughey, Madeline, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, Mehata, Suresh, Meier, Toni, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mitchell, Philip B, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Muktar Sano Kedir, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Murali B V, Mokdad, Ali H, Mollenkopf, Sarah K, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Morrison, Shane D, Moses, Mark, Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Mueller, Ulrich O, Muller, Kate, Murdoch, Michele E, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Murthy, Srinivas, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nachega, Jean B, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S, Nangia, Vinay, Nasher, Jamal T, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negasa, Dumessa Edessa, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Negoi, Ionut, Newton, Charles R, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Nyandwi, Alypio, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, O'Donnell, Martin J, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Okoro, Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osborne, Richard H, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Osman, Majdi, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O, PA, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E, Panda, Basant Kumar, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patil, Snehal T, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Paulson, Katherine, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perez, Krystle Marie, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie Beth, Petri, William Arthur, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Phipps, Geoffrey, Pigott, David M, Pillay, Julian David, Pinho, Christine, Piradov, Michael A, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Purwar, Manorama, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Rabiee, Rynaz H S, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rangaswamy, Thara, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Rao, Puja C, Rawaf, Salman, Ray, Sarah E, Reiner, Robert C, Reinig, Nikolas, Reitsma, Marissa, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Robinson, Stephen R, Rojas-Rueda, David, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Ambuj, Rubagotti, Enrico, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Saadat, Soheil, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salama, Joseph, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Salomon, Joshua A, Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, João Vasco, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schelonka, Kathryn, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaheen, Amira, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Sharma, Rajesh, Sharma, Jayendra, She, Jun, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shifa, Girma Temam, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shirude, Shreya, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Siabani, Soraya, Sibai, Abla Mehio, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silberberg, Donald H, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Om Prakash, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Smith, David L, Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H A, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soljak, Michael, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick J, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylte, Dillon, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Takala, Jukka S, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tarekegn, Yihunie L, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Taylor, Hugh R, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Tesssema, Belay, Thakur, JS, Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Theadom, Alice M, Theis, Andrew M, Thomas, Katie E, Thomas, Nihal, Thompson, Robert, Thrift, Amanda G, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach Xuan, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsoi, Derrick, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tymeson, Hayley, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Veerman, Lennert J, Venkatesh, S, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Violante, Francesco S, Vishnu, Abhishek, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Williams, Hywel C, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Woolf, Anthony D, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yihdego, Mahari Gidey, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhang, Xueying, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoeckler, Leo, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
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- 2017
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3. Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Wang, Haidong, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibthiel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akanda, Ali Shafqat, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alabed, Samer, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alasfoor, Deena, Aldridge, Robert William, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Aljunid, Syed M, Alkaabi, Juma M, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allam, Shalini D, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Assadi, Reza, Assaye, Ashagre Molla, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atre, Sachin R, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Baune, Bernhard T, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhansali, Anil, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Bjerregaard, Peter, Blosser, Christopher D, Boneya, Dube Jara, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Brugha, Traolach S, Bukhman, Gene, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair Randal, Burch, Michael, Butt, Zahid A, Cahill, Leah E, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Car, Josip, Car, Mate, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Franz F, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chen, Honglei, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Coresh, Josef, Criqui, Michael H, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Crump, John A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Diaz-Torné, Cesar, Ding, Eric L, Dixit, Priyanka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doku, David Teye, Donnelly, Christl Ann, dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Dwivedi, Laxmi Kant, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, El Bcheraoui, Charbel, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Eshetie, Setegn, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, 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4. Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Fullman, Nancy, Barber, Ryan M, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, 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Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Xueying, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Lim, Stephen S, and Murray, Christopher J L
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5. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Vos, Theo, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adamu, Abdu Abdullahi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Maskari, Fatma, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Andersen, Hjalte H, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W, Assadi, Reza, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Atre, Sachin R, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokphako, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Bannick, Marlena S, Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Battista, Bob, Battle, Katherine E, Baune, Bernhard T, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhansali, Anil, Bhatt, Samir, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, 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Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Setegn, Tesfaye, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaheen, Amira, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shi, Peilin, Shields, Chloe, Shifa, Girma Temam, Shigematsu, Mika, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shirude, Shreya, Shishani, Kawkab, Shrime, Mark G, Sibai, Abla Mehio, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Narinder Pal, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Skirbekk, Vegard, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Sligar, Amber, Smith, David L, Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H A, Sobngwi, Eugene, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Murray B, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Timothy J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick J, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylte, Dillon O, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Takala, Jukka S, Tandon, Nikhil, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Taylor, Hugh R, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Tesssema, Belay, Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thomas, Katie E, Thrift, Amanda G, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tollanes, Mette C, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathi, Suryakant, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsoi, Derrick, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venkatesh, S, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weaver, Marcia, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Woolf, Anthony D, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhang, Xueying, Zhou, Maigeng, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
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- 2017
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6. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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Gakidou, Emmanuela, Afshin, Ashkan, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Abyu, Gebre Yitayih, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afarideh, Mohsen, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Komal, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Ansari, Hossein, Antó, Josep M, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Arian, Nicholas, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Ballew, Shoshana H, Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Batis, Carolina, Battle, Katherine E, Baumgarner, Blair R, Baune, Bernhard T, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhansali, Anil, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Blosser, Christopher D, Boneya, Dube Jara, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R, Brauer, Michael, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Brugha, Traolach S, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cercy, Kelly, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Charlson, Fiona J, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Comfort, Haley, Cooper, Cyrus, Coresh, Josef, Cornaby, Leslie, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Criqui, Michael H, Crump, John A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Ding, Eric L, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Donkelaar, Aaron van, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Duncan, Sarah, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Kairsten, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C, Ferrari, Alize J, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Frostad, Joseph J, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M, Ganji, Morsaleh, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Geleto, Ayele, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W, Ghajar, Alireza, Gibney, Katherine B, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Gona, Philimon N, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goryakin, Yevgeniy, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guo, Jingwen, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hanson, Sarah Wulf, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hawley, Caitlin, Hay, Simon I, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Hendrie, Delia, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Hoek, Hans W, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Huang, Hsiang, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ikeda, Chad, Inoue, Manami, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Jackson, Maria Delores, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Jauregui, Alejandra, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Johansson, Lars R K, Johnson, Catherine O, Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Kemmer, Laura, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Jun Y, Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Daniel, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A, Kivimaki, Mika, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kromhout, Hans, Kumar, G Anil, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larsson, Anders, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Alexander, Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Linn, Shai, Liu, Patrick, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katherine J, Lopez, Alan D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manguerra, Helena, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Mapoma, Chabila C, Martin, Randall V, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mathur, Manu Raj, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J, Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mensah, George A, Mensink, Gert B M, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Murali B V, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morrison, Shane D, Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mullany, Erin C, Muller, Kate, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Nangia, Vinay, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Negoi, Ionut, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nomura, Marika, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O, PA, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E, Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Pereira, David M, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A, Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A, Polinder, Suzanne, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Rawaf, Salman, Rehm, Colin D, Rehm, Jürgen, Reiner, Robert C, Reitsma, Marissa B, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N, Resnikoff, Serge, Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rivera, Juan A, Roba, Kedir Teji, Rojas-Rueda, David, Roman, Yesenia, Room, Robin, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rushton, Lesley, Sadat, Nafis, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salama, Joseph, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaddick, Gavin, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shen, Jiabin, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Smith, David L, Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H A, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sur, Patrick J, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Takahashi, Ken, Takala, Jukka S, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanner, Marcel, Tarekegn, Yihunie L, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesssema, Belay, Thakur, JS, Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Theis, Andrew M, Thomas, Matthew Lloyd, Thomson, Alan J, Thrift, Amanda G, Tillmann, Taavi, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Tollanes, Mette C, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tran, Bach Xuan, Truelsen, Thomas, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Veerman, Lennert J, Venkateswaran, Vidhya, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Xueying, Zimsen, Stephanie Raman M, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Lim, Stephen S, and Murray, Christopher J L
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- 2017
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7. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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Naghavi, Mohsen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Ali, Syed Danish, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkaabi, Juma M, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla, Andersen, Hjalte H, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G, Awasthi, Ashish, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Baune, Bernhard T, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Bhatt, Samir, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Bisanzio, Donal, Bourne, Rupert R A, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair R, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cameron, Ewan, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Charlson, Fiona J, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Colombara, Danny, Cooper, Cyrus, Cowie, Benjamin C, Criqui, Michael H, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, José, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Dey, Subhojit, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doku, David Teye, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Echko, Michelle, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Enayati, Ahmadali, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C, Ferrari, Alize J, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Finegold, Samuel, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Foigt, Nataliya, Frank, Tahvi, Fraser, Maya, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebre, Teshome, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremichael, Delelegn Yilma, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W, Gillum, Richard F, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Gold, Audra L, Goldberg, Ellen M, Gona, Philimon N, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gouda, Hebe N, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Griswold, Max, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Gupta, Parkash C, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, He, Fei, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Henry, Nathaniel J, Heredia-Pi, Ileana 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8. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
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Barber, Ryan M, Fullman, Nancy, Sorensen, Reed J D, Bollyky, Thomas, McKee, Martin, Nolte, Ellen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abdurahman, Ahmed Abdulahi, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraham, Biju, Abreha, Girmatsion Fisseha, Adane, Kelemework, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Arnav, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Agarwal, Sunilkumar, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Kedir Yimam, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alexander, Lily, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Syed Danish, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amo-Adjei, Joshu, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anderson, Benjamin O, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Assadi, Reza, Astatkie, Ayalew, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atique, Suleman, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Atre, Sachin R, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Nebiyu Negussu, Azzopardi, Peter, Saleem, Huda Omer Ba, Bärnighausen, Till, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Baye, Kaleab, Bayou, Yibeltal Tebekaw, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bernal, Oscar Alberto, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beyene, Tariku Jibat, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bikbov, Boris, 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Shiri, Rahman, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G, Sibamo, Ephrem Lejore Sibamo, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Om Prakash, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Singh, Virendra, Sinke, Abiy Hiruye, Sinshaw, Aklilu Endalamaw, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Alison, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Soriano, Joan B, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Stranges, Saverio, Strong, Mark, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sturua, Lela, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sun, Jiandong, Sur, Patrick, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabb, Karen M, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Tarajia, Musharaf, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Teeple, Stephanie, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Shifa, Girma Temam, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Thakur, JS, Thomson, Alan J, Tillmann, Taavi, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tura, Abera Kenay, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Boven, Job F M, Van Dingenen, Rita, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagner, Joseph A, Wakayo, Tolassa, Waller, Stephen G, Walson, Judd L, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Watkins, David A, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Wen, Chi-Pang, Werdecker, Andrea, Wesana, Joshua, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Workie, Shimelash Bitew, Wubshet, Mamo, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, Zapata, Tomas, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoeckler, Leo, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
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- 2017
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9. Increased left hemisphere impairment in high-functioning autism: A tract based spatial statistics study
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Perkins, Thomas John, Stokes, Mark Andrew, McGillivray, Jane Anne, Mussap, Alexander Julien, Cox, Ivanna Anne, Maller, Jerome Joseph, and Bittar, Richard Garth
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- 2014
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10. Parent and child mental health trajectories April-October 2020: Strict lockdown versus no lockdown in Australia
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Westrupp, Elizabeth, primary, Greenwood, Christopher, additional, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, additional, Olsson, Craig, additional, Sciberras, Emma, additional, Mikocka-Walus, Antonina, additional, Melvin, Glenn. A, additional, Evans, Subhadra, additional, Stokes, Mark Andrew, additional, Wood, Amanda, additional, Karantzas, Gery, additional, Macdonald, Jacqui A, additional, Toumbourou, John, additional, Teague, Samantha, additional, Fernando, Julian, additional, Berkowitz, Tomer S, additional, Ling, Mathew, additional, and Youssef, George Joseph, additional
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- 2021
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11. Subjective wellbeing in parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia
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Westrupp, Elizabeth, primary, Stokes, Mark Andrew, additional, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, additional, Berkowitz, Tomer S, additional, Capic, Tanka, additional, Khor, Sarah, additional, Greenwood, Christopher, additional, Mikocka-Walus, Antonina, additional, Sciberras, Emma, additional, Youssef, George Joseph, additional, Olsson, Craig, additional, Hutchinson, Delyse, additional, and Cummins, Robert, additional
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- 2020
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12. Karantzas et al. (2020) COVID-19 Relationship Wellbeing & Loneliness
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Karantzas, Gery, primary, Chesterman, Susan, additional, Ferguson, Elizabeth, additional, Knox, Laura, additional, Lawless, Nicholas, additional, Mullins, Ellie, additional, Romano, Daniel, additional, Stokes, Mark Andrew, additional, Toumbourou, John, additional, and Westrupp, Elizabeth, additional
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- 2020
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13. Child, parent, and family mental health and functioning in Australia during COVID-19: Comparison to pre-pandemic data
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Westrupp, Elizabeth, primary, Bennett, Clair, additional, Berkowitz, Tomer S, additional, Youssef, George Joseph, additional, Toumbourou, John, additional, Tucker, Richard, additional, Andrews, Fiona, additional, Evans, Subhadra, additional, Teague, Samantha, additional, Karantzas, Gery, additional, Melvin, Glenn. A, additional, Olsson, Craig, additional, Macdonald, Jacqui A, additional, Greenwood, Christopher, additional, Mikocka-Walus, Antonina, additional, Hutchinson, Delyse, additional, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, additional, Stokes, Mark Andrew, additional, Olive, Lisa, additional, Wood, Amanda, additional, McGillivray, Jane, additional, and Sciberras, Emma, additional
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- 2020
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14. Finding the Power Within: Is Resilience Protective Against Symptoms of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Australian Parents During the COVID-19 Pandemic?
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Mikocka-Walus, Antonina, primary, Stokes, Mark Andrew, additional, Evans, Subhadra, additional, Olive, Lisa, additional, and Westrupp, Elizabeth, additional
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- 2020
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15. Study protocol for the COVID-19 Pandemic Adjustment Survey (CPAS): A longitudinal study of Australian parents of a child 0-18 years
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Westrupp, Elizabeth, primary, Karantzas, Gery, additional, Macdonald, Jacqui A, additional, Olive, Lisa, additional, Youssef, George Joseph, additional, Greenwood, Christopher, additional, Sciberras, Emma, additional, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, additional, Mikocka-Walus, Antonina, additional, Ling, Mathew, additional, Cummins, Robert, additional, Hutchinson, Delyse, additional, Melvin, Glenn. A, additional, Fernando, Julian, additional, Teague, Samantha, additional, Wood, Amanda, additional, Toumbourou, John, additional, Berkowitz, Tomer S, additional, Linardon, Jake, additional, Enticott, Peter Gregory, additional, Stokes, Mark Andrew, additional, McGillivray, Jane, additional, and Olsson, Craig, additional
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- 2020
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16. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adedeji, Isaac A, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Sutapa, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkaabi, Juma M, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Maskari, Fatma, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Althouse, Benjamin M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asgedom, Solomon W, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Awasthi, Shally, Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza, Azzopardi, Peter, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Bannick, Marlena S, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Battista, Robert, Battle, Katherine E, Baune, Bernhard T, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhansali, Anil, Bhatt, Samir, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Blyth, Fiona M, Boneya, Dube Jara, Bose, Dipan, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brainin, Michael, Brayne, Carol, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Briant, Paul S, Britton, Gabrielle, Brugha, Traolach S, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair R, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cameron, Ewan, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Carabin, Hélène, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Carvalho, Felix, Casey, Daniel, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castle, Chris D, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chen, Honglei, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Colombara, Danny, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cooper, Cyrus, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Cortinovis, Monica, Criqui, Michael H, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Cross, Marita, Crump, John A, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dalal, Koustuv, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, das Neves, José, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, De Leo, Diego, De Steur, Hans, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dhillon, Preet K, Dicker, Daniel, Djalainia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Dorsey, E Ray, dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Ebel, Beth E, Echko, Michelle, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eshetie, Setegn, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Farag, Tamer, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, 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Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Veerman, Lennert J, Venkatesh, S., Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Violante, Francesco S, Vishnu, Abhishek, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Williams, Hywel C, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Woolf, Anthony D, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Deni, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yihdego, Mahari Gidey, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, 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Johnson, C, Johnson, S, Jonas, J, Jürisson, M, Kabir, Z, Kadel, R, Kahsay, A, Kamal, R, Kar, C, Karam, N, Karch, A, Karema, C, Karimi, S, Karimkhani, C, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, G, Kassaw, N, Kassebaum, N, Kastor, A, Katikireddi, S, Kaul, A, Kawakami, N, Keiyoro, P, Kemmer, L, Kengne, A, Keren, A, Kesavachandran, C, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khang, Y, Khoja, A, Khosravi, A, Khubchandani, J, Kiadaliri, A, Kieling, C, Kim, Y, Kim, D, Kimokoti, R, Kinfu, Y, Kisa, A, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kissoon, N, Kivimaki, M, Knudsen, A, Kokubo, Y, Kolte, D, Kopec, J, Kosen, S, Kotsakis, G, Koul, P, Koyanagi, A, Kravchenko, M, Krohn, K, Kumar, G, Kumar, P, Kyu, H, Lager, A, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lambert, N, Lan, Q, Lansingh, V, Larsson, A, Leasher, J, Lee, P, Leigh, J, Leshargie, C, Leung, J, Leung, R, Levi, M, Li, Y, Liang, X, Liben, M, Lim, S, Linn, S, Liu, P, Liu, A, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lodha, R, Logroscino, G, Looker, K, Lopez, A, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lozano, R, Lucas, T, Lunevicius, R, Lyons, R, Macarayan, E, Maddison, E, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Magis-Rodriguez, C, Mahdavi, M, Majdan, M, Majdzadeh, R, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malhotra, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Manguerra, H, Manhertz, T, Mantovani, L, Mapoma, C, March, L, Marczak, L, Martinez-Raga, J, Martins, P, Martins-Melo, F, Martopullo, I, März, W, Mathur, M, Mazidi, M, Mcalinden, C, Mcgaughey, M, Mcgrath, J, Mckee, M, Mehata, S, Meier, T, Meles, K, Memiah, P, Memish, Z, Mendoza, W, Mengesha, M, Mengistie, M, Mengistu, D, Mensah, G, Meretoja, T, Meretoja, A, Mezgebe, H, Micha, R, Millear, A, Miller, T, Minnig, S, Mirarefin, M, Mirrakhimov, E, Misganaw, A, Mishra, S, Mitchell, P, Mohammad, K, Mohammadi, A, Mohammed, M, Mohammed, K, Mohammed, S, Mohan, M, Mokdad, A, Mollenkopf, S, Monasta, L, Montañez Hernandez, J, Montico, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Mori, R, Morrison, S, Moses, M, Mountjoy-Venning, C, Mruts, K, Mueller, U, Muller, K, Murdoch, M, Murray, C, Murthy, G, Murthy, S, Musa, K, Nachega, J, Nagel, G, Naghavi, M, Naheed, A, Naidoo, K, Nangia, V, Nasher, J, Natarajan, G, Negasa, D, Negoi, R, Negoi, I, Newton, C, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, T, Nguyen, G, Nguyen, M, Nichols, E, Ningrum, D, Nong, V, Norheim, O, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, Nyandwi, A, Obermeyer, C, O'Donnell, M, Ogbo, F, Oh, I, Okoro, A, Oladimeji, O, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olsen, H, Olusanya, B, Olusanya, J, Ong, K, Opio, J, Oren, E, Ortiz, A, Osborne, R, Osgood-Zimmerman, A, Osman, M, Ota, E, Owolabi, M, Pa, M, Pacella, R, Panda, B, Pandian, J, Papachristou, C, Park, E, Parry, C, Parsaeian, M, Patil, S, Patten, S, Patton, G, Paudel, D, Paulson, K, Pearce, N, Pereira, D, Perez, K, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Peterson, C, Petri, W, Petzold, M, Phillips, M, Phipps, G, Pigott, D, Pillay, J, Pinho, C, Piradov, M, Plass, D, Pletcher, M, Popova, S, Poulton, R, Pourmalek, F, Prabhakaran, D, Prasad, N, Purcell, C, Purwar, M, Qorbani, M, Quintanilla, B, Rabiee, R, Radfar, A, Rafay, A, 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S, Sibai, A, Sigfusdottir, I, Silberberg, D, Silva, D, Silva, J, Silveira, D, Singh, J, Singh, O, Singh, N, Singh, V, Sinha, D, Skiadaresi, E, Slepak, E, Smith, D, Smith, M, Sobaih, B, Sobngwi, E, Soljak, M, Sorensen, R, Sousa, T, Sposato, L, Sreeramareddy, C, Srinivasan, V, Stanaway, J, Stathopoulou, V, Steel, N, Stein, D, Steiner, C, Steinke, S, Stokes, M, Stovner, L, Strub, B, Subart, M, Sufiyan, M, Sunguya, B, Sur, P, Swaminathan, S, Sykes, B, Sylte, D, Szoeke, C, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tadakamadla, S, Taffere, G, Takala, J, Tandon, N, Tanne, D, Tarekegn, Y, Tavakkoli, M, Taveira, N, Taylor, H, Tegegne, T, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekelab, T, Terkawi, A, Tesfaye, D, Tesssema, B, Thakur, J, Thamsuwan, O, Theadom, A, Theis, A, Thomas, K, Thomas, N, Thompson, R, Thrift, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tobollik, M, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Tortajada, M, Touvier, M, Traebert, J, Tran, B, Troeger, C, Truelsen, T, Tsoi, D, Tuzcu, E, Tymeson, H, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, K, Undurraga, E, Uneke, C, Updike, R, Uthman, O, Uzochukwu, B, van Boven, J, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Veerman, L, Venkatesh, S, Venketasubramanian, N, Vidavalur, R, Vijayakumar, L, Violante, F, Vishnu, A, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vos, T, Wadilo, F, Wakayo, T, Wallin, M, Wang, Y, Weichenthal, S, Weiderpass, E, Weintraub, R, Weiss, D, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Whiteford, H, Wijeratne, T, Williams, H, Wiysonge, C, Woldeyes, B, Wolfe, C, Woodbrook, R, Woolf, A, Workicho, A, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yadgir, S, Yaghoubi, M, Yakob, B, Yan, L, Yano, Y, Ye, P, Yihdego, M, Yimam, H, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S, Yotebieng, M, Younis, M, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, Zaki, M, Zegeye, E, Zenebe, Z, Zhang, X, Zheng, Y, Zhou, M, Zipkin, B, Zodpey, S, Zoeckler, L, Zuhlke, L, Brayne, Carol [0000-0001-5307-663X], Chowdhury, Rajiv [0000-0003-4881-5690], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Male ,Dánarmein ,AUSTRALIA ,GBD, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) ,Heilsufar ,Lífslíkur ,Epidemiology ,Life expectancy ,Diseases ,Global Health ,THERAPY ,Global Burden of Disease ,Residence Characteristics ,Fullorðnir ,Cause of Death ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Psychology ,Konur ,Aged, 80 and over ,Tölfræði ,PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM ,Aldraðir ,Sjúkdómar ,Medicine (all) ,Fatlaðir ,Men ,Þjóðir ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,ASSOCIATION ,Middle Aged ,Health policy ,PREVALENCE ,Sálfræði ,disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) ,Female ,Lýðheilsa ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Global Health Metrics ,Adult ,AFRICA ,Quality of life ,People with disabilities ,GBD ,WEIGHTS ,Social ecology ,Lífsgæði ,Communicable Diseases ,World health/statistics ,Age Distribution ,Life Expectancy ,Medicine, General & Internal ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,General & Internal Medicine ,Heilbrigðisstefna ,Humans ,Adults ,Disabled Persons ,Women ,Sex Distribution ,Mortality ,Noncommunicable Diseases ,Aged ,Science & Technology ,Faraldsfræði ,MORTALITY ,Wounds and injuries ,EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION ,HIV ,Áverkar ,Karlar ,Wounds and Injuries ,Félagshagfræði ,Older people - Abstract
Correction in: LANCET Volume: 390 Issue: 10106 Pages: E38-E38 Published: OCT 28 2017, Background Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. Findings The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75.2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71.9-78.6) for females and 72.0 years (68.8-75.1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45.6 years [42.0-49.5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41.5 years [39.0-44.0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6.24 years (5.97-6.48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6.04 years (5.74-6.27) for males and 6.49 years (6.08-6.77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1.78 years (1.61-1.93) for males and 1.96 years (1.69-2.13) for females. Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2016 (-2.3% [-5.9 to 0.9]), with decreases in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disease DALYs offset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The exemplars, calculated as the five lowest ratios of observed to expected age-standardised DALY rates in 2016, were Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Peru, and Israel. The leading three causes of DALYs globally were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lower respiratory infections, comprising 16.1% of all DALYs. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most CMNN causes decreased from 1990 to 2016. Conversely, the total DALY burden rose for most NCDs; however, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined globally. Interpretation At a global level, DALYs and HALE continue to show improvements. At the same time, we observe that many populations are facing growing functional health loss. Rising SDI was associated with increases in cumulative years of life lived with disability and decreases in CMNN DALYs offset by increased NCD DALYs. Relative compression of morbidity highlights the importance of continued health interventions, which has changed in most locations in pace with the gross domestic product per person, education, and family planning. The analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework with which to benchmark location-specific health performance. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform health policies, health system improvement initiatives, targeted prevention efforts, and development assistance for health, including financial and research investments for all countries, regardless of their level of sociodemographic development. The presence of countries that substantially outperform others suggests the need for increased scrutiny for proven examples of best practices, which can help to extend gains, whereas the presence of underperforming countries suggests the need for devotion of extra attention to health systems that need more robust support., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
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17. Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E., Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O., Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibthiel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akanda, Ali Shafqat, Akinyemiju, Tomi F., Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alabed, Samer, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alasfoor, Deena, Aldridge, Robert William, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Aljunid, Syed M., Alkaabi, Juma M., Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allam, Shalini D., Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T., Ameh, Emmanuel A., Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Assadi, Reza, Assaye, Ashagre Molla, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atre, Sachin R., Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M., Barboza, Miguel A., Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H., Baune, Bernhard T., Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L., Bello, Aminu K., Bennett, Derrick A., Bennett, James R., Bensenor, Isabela M., Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhansali, Anil, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Bjerregaard, Peter, Blosser, Christopher D., Boneya, Dube Jara, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R. A., Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J. 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Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumsa, Fekede Asefa, Kutz, Michael, Lachat, Carl, Lagat, Abraham K., Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lambert, Nkurunziza, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C., Larson, Heidi J., Larsson, Anders, Laryea, Dennis Odai, Lavados, Pablo M., Laxmaiah, Avula, Lee, Paul H., Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yongmei, Liao, Yu, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S, Linn, Shai, Lipshultz, Steven E.., Liu, Shiwei, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D., Lorch, Scott A., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A., Ma, Stefan, Macarayan, Erlyn RachelleKing, Machado, Isis Eloah, Mackay, Mark T., Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C., Marczak, Laurie B., Marks, Guy B., Martin, Elena Alvarez, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Massano, João, Maulik, Pallab K., Mayosi, Bongani M., Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGarvey, Stephen Theodore, McGrath, John J., McKee, Martin, Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehta, Kala M., Meier, Toni, Mekonnen, Tefera Chane, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menon, Geetha R., Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Tuomo J., Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Mikesell, Joseph, Miller, Ted R., Mills, Edward J., Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Murali B. 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Geleijnse, J, Gemechu, B, Gemechu, K, Genova-Maleras, R, Gesesew, H, Gething, P, Gibney, K, Gill, P, Gillum, R, Giref, A, Girma, B, Giussani, G, Goenka, S, Gomez, B, Gona, P, Gopalani, S, Goulart, A, Graetz, N, Gugnani, H, Gupta, P, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Gupta, V, Haagsma, J, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haghparast Bidgoli, H, Hakuzimana, A, Halasa, Y, Hamadeh, R, Hambisa, M, Hamidi, S, Hammami, M, Hancock, J, Handal, A, Hankey, G, Hao, Y, Harb, H, Hareri, H, Harikrishnan, S, Haro, J, Hassanvand, M, Havmoeller, R, Hay, R, Hay, S, He, F, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Hilawe, E, Hoek, H, Horita, N, Hosgood, H, Hostiuc, S, Hotez, P, Hoy, D, Hsairi, M, Htet, A, Hu, G, Huang, H, Huang, J, Iburg, K, Igumbor, E, Ileanu, B, Inoue, M, Irenso, A, Irvine, C, Islam, N, Jacobsen, K, Jaenisch, T, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, M, Javanbakht, M, Jayatilleke, A, Jeemon, P, Jensen, P, Jha, V, Jin, Y, John, D, John, O, Johnson, S, Jonas, J, Jürisson, M, Kabir, Z, Kadel, R, Kahsay, A, Kalkonde, Y, Kamal, R, Kan, H, Karch, A, Karema, C, Karimi, S, Karthikeyan, G, Kasaeian, A, Kassaw, N, Kassebaum, N, Kastor, A, Katikireddi, S, Kaul, A, Kawakami, N, Kazanjan, K, Keiyoro, P, Kelbore, S, Kemp, A, Kengne, A, Keren, A, Kereselidze, M, Kesavachandran, C, Ketema, E, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khan, G, Khang, Y, Khera, S, Khoja, A, Khosravi, M, Kibret, G, Kieling, C, Kim, C, Kim, D, Kim, P, Kim, S, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kinfu, Y, Kishawi, S, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kissoon, N, Kivimaki, M, Knudsen, A, Kokubo, Y, Kopec, J, Kosen, S, Koul, P, Koyanagi, A, Kravchenko, M, Krohn, K, Kuate Defo, B, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kuipers, E, Kulikoff, X, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, G, Kumar, P, Kumsa, F, Kutz, M, Lachat, C, Lagat, A, Lager, A, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lambert, N, Lan, Q, Van Lansingh, C, Larson, H, Larsson, A, Laryea, D, Lavados, P, Laxmaiah, A, Lee, P, Leigh, J, Leung, J, Leung, R, Levi, M, Li, Y, Liao, Y, Liben, M, Lim, S, Linn, S, Lipshultz, S, Liu, S, Lodha, R, Logroscino, G, Lorch, S, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lozano, R, 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Rahman, S, Rai, R, Rajsic, S, Ram, U, Rana, S, Ranabhat, C, Rao, P, Rawaf, S, Ray, S, Rego, M, Rehm, J, Reiner, R, Remuzzi, G, Renzaho, A, Resnikoff, S, Rezaei, S, Rezai, M, Ribeiro, A, Rokni, M, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Roth, G, Rothenbacher, D, Roy, A, Rubagotti, E, Ruhago, G, Saadat, S, Sabde, Y, Sachdev, P, Sadat, N, Safdarian, M, Safi, S, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Sahathevan, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Salama, J, Salamati, P, Salomon, J, Salvi, S, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanchez-Niño, M, Santos, I, Santric Milicevic, M, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Sawhney, M, Saxena, S, Saylan, M, Schmidt, M, Schneider, I, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Seedat, S, Seid, A, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Shackelford, K, Shaheen, A, Shahraz, S, Shaikh, M, Shamsipour, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Islam, S, Sharma, J, Sharma, R, She, J, Shen, J, Shetty, B, Shi, P, Shibuya, K, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shiue, I, Shrime, M, Sigfusdottir, I, Silberberg, D, Silpakit, N, Silva, D, Silva, J, Silveira, D, Sindi, S, Singh, A, Singh, J, Singh, P, Singh, V, Sinha, D, Skiadaresi, E, Sligar, A, Smith, D, Sobaih, B, Sobngwi, E, Soneji, S, Soriano, J, Sreeramareddy, C, Srinivasan, V, Stathopoulou, V, Steel, N, Stein, D, Steiner, C, Stöckl, H, Stokes, M, Strong, M, Sufiyan, M, Suliankatchi, R, Sunguya, B, Sur, P, Swaminathan, S, Sykes, B, Szoeke, C, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tadakamadla, S, Tadese, F, Tandon, N, Tanne, D, Tarajia, M, Tavakkoli, M, Taveira, N, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekelab, T, Tekle, D, Temam Shifa, G, Temsah, M, Terkawi, A, Tesema, C, Tesssema, B, Theis, A, Thomas, N, Thompson, A, Thomson, A, Thrift, A, Tiruye, T, Tobe-Gai, R, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Topouzis, F, Tortajada, M, Tran, B, Truelsen, T, Trujillo, U, Tsilimparis, N, Tuem, K, Tuzcu, E, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, K, Undurraga, E, Uthman, O, Uzochukwu, B, Van Boven, J, Varakin, Y, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Vasconcelos, A, Venketasubramanian, N, Vidavalur, R, Violante, F, Vishnu, A, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vos, T, Waid, J, Wakayo, T, Wang, Y, Weichenthal, S, Weiderpass, E, Weintraub, R, Werdecker, A, Wesana, J, Wijeratne, T, Wilkinson, J, Wiysonge, C, Woldeyes, B, Wolfe, C, Workicho, A, Workie, S, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yaghoubi, M, Yakob, B, Yalew, A, Yan, L, Yano, Y, Yaseri, M, Ye, P, Yimam, H, Yip, P, Yirsaw, B, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S, Yotebieng, M, Younis, M, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zeeb, H, Zenebe, Z, Zerfu, T, Zhang, A, Zhang, X, Zodpey, S, Zuhlke, L, Lopez, A, Murray, C, Erasmus MC other, Emergency Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Public Health, and Neurology
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Dánarmein ,Heilsufar ,Dánartíðni ,Lífslíkur ,Epidemiology ,Aldurshópar ,ALCOHOL ,Börn ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Psychology ,DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES ,Children ,Konur ,Ungbörn ,Tölfræði ,Educational status ,Aldraðir ,Medicine (all) ,Global burden of disease/statistics and numerical data ,DEATH ,Men ,Þjóðir ,Staðtölur ,Stillbirth ,Sálfræði ,World health ,SURVIVAL ,Income ,CHILD-MORTALITY ,HEALTH ,Burðarmálsdauði ,Infants ,Age distribution ,HIV infections ,Child mortality ,Alnæmi ,Menntun ,GBD ,Fæðingartíðni ,RUSSIAN MORTALITY ,Birth rate ,Life Expectancy ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Women ,Mortality ,METAANALYSIS ,Faraldsfræði ,HIV ,Frjósemi ,Fertility ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Karlar ,Barnadauði ,Félagshagfræði ,Tekjur ,Older people ,Cause of death/trends ,RA - Abstract
Correction in: Group Author(s): GBD 2016 Mortality Collaborators LANCET Volume: 390 Issue: 10106 Pages: E38-E38 Published: OCT 28 2017, Background Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality between 1970 and 2016 for 195 countries and territories and at the subnational level for the five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016. Methods We have evaluated how well civil registration systems captured deaths using a set of demographic methods called death distribution methods for adults and from consideration of survey and census data for children younger than 5 years. We generated an overall assessment of completeness of registration of deaths by dividing registered deaths in each location-year by our estimate of all-age deaths generated from our overall estimation process. For 163 locations, including subnational units in countries with a population greater than 200 million with complete vital registration (VR) systems, our estimates were largely driven by the observed data, with corrections for small fluctuations in numbers and estimation for recent years where there were lags in data reporting (lags were variable by location, generally between 1 year and 6 years). For other locations, we took advantage of different data sources available to measure under-5 mortality rates (U5MR) using complete birth histories, summary birth histories, and incomplete VR with adjustments; we measured adult mortality rate (the probability of death in individuals aged 15-60 years) using adjusted incomplete VR, sibling histories, and household death recall. We used the U5MR and adult mortality rate, together with crude death rate due to HIV in the GBD model life table system, to estimate age-specific and sex-specific death rates for each location-year. Using various international databases, we identified fatal discontinuities, which we defined as increases in the death rate of more than one death per million, resulting from conflict and terrorism, natural disasters, major transport or technological accidents, and a subset of epidemic infectious diseases; these were added to estimates in the relevant years. In 47 countries with an identified peak adult prevalence for HIV/AIDS of more than 0.5% and where VR systems were less than 65% complete, we informed our estimates of age-sex-specific mortality using the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP)-Spectrum model fitted to national HIV/AIDS prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance systems. We estimated stillbirths, early neonatal, late neonatal, and childhood mortality using both survey and VR data in spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression models. We estimated abridged life tables for all location-years using age-specific death rates. We grouped locations into development quintiles based on the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and analysed mortality trends by quintile. Using spline regression, we estimated the expected mortality rate for each age-sex group as a function of SDI. We identified countries with higher life expectancy than expected by comparing observed life expectancy to anticipated life expectancy on the basis of development status alone. Findings Completeness in the registration of deaths increased from 28% in 1970 to a peak of 45% in 2013; completeness was lower after 2013 because of lags in reporting. Total deaths in children younger than 5 years decreased from 1970 to 2016, and slower decreases occurred at ages 5-24 years. By contrast, numbers of adult deaths increased in each 5-year age bracket above the age of 25 years. The distribution of annualised rates of change in age-specific mortality rate differed over the period 2000 to 2016 compared with earlier decades: increasing annualised rates of change were less frequent, although rising annualised rates of change still occurred in some locations, particularly for adolescent and younger adult age groups. Rates of stillbirths and under-5 mortality both decreased globally from 1970. Evidence for global convergence of death rates was mixed; although the absolute difference between age-standardised death rates narrowed between countries at the lowest and highest levels of SDI, the ratio of these death rates-a measure of relative inequality-increased slightly. There was a strong shift between 1970 and 2016 toward higher life expectancy, most noticeably at higher levels of SDI. Among countries with populations greater than 1 million in 2016, life expectancy at birth was highest for women in Japan, at 86.9 years (95% UI 86.7-87.2), and for men in Singapore, at 81.3 years (78.8-83.7) in 2016. Male life expectancy was generally lower than female life expectancy between 1970 and 2016, and the gap between male and female life expectancy increased with progression to higher levels of SDI. Some countries with exceptional health performance in 1990 in terms of the difference in observed to expected life expectancy at birth had slower progress on the same measure in 2016. Interpretation Globally, mortality rates have decreased across all age groups over the past five decades, with the largest improvements occurring among children younger than 5 years. However, at the national level, considerable heterogeneity remains in terms of both level and rate of changes in age-specific mortality; increases in mortality for certain age groups occurred in some locations. We found evidence that the absolute gap between countries in age-specific death rates has declined, although the relative gap for some age-sex groups increased. Countries that now lead in terms of having higher observed life expectancy than that expected on the basis of development alone, or locations that have either increased this advantage or rapidly decreased the deficit from expected levels, could provide insight into the means to accelerate progress in nations where progress has stalled., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health.
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18. Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Eleonora, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Echko, Michelle, Edessa, Dumessa, Edvardsson, David, Ehrlich, Joshua R, Eldrenkamp, Erika, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Endres, Matthias, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Fakhar, Mahdi, Farag, Tamer, Faramarzi, Mahbobeh, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fatusi, Adesegun, Fazeli, Mir Sohail, Feigin, Valery L, Feigl, Andrea B, Fentahun, Netsanet, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fernandes, João C, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Frostad, Joseph J, Fürst, Thomas, Futran, Neal D, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gallus, Silvano, Gambashidze, Ketevan, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Ganji, Morsaleh, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Geremew, Demeke, Gething, Peter W, Ghadimi, Reza, Ghasemi Falavarjani, Khalil, Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Goli, Srinivas, Gomez-Dantes, Hector, Gona, Philimon N, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goryakin, Yevgeniy, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Grada, Ayman, Griswold, Max, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Tarun, Gupta, Vipin, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J, Harb, Hilda L, Harewood, Heather C, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hawley, Caitlin, Hay, Simon I, He, Jiawei, Hearps, Stephen J C, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Mohsen, Hendrie, Delia, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herrera Ballesteros, Victor Hugo, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Hiluf, Molla Kahssay, Hoek, Hans W, Homaie Rad, Enayatollah, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseini, Seyed Reza, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Idris, Fachmi, Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, Ikeda, Chad, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Innos, Kaire, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Irvine, Caleb M S, Islami, Farhad, Jacobs, Troy A, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jain, Rajesh, Jain, Sudhir Kumar, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Jalu, Moti Tolera, Jamal, Amr A, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Jóúwiak, Jacek, John, Oommen, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B, Joshua, Vasna, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Rizwan, Kar, Chittaranjan, Karanikolos, Marina, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimi, Seyed M, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Dessalegn Haile, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Kebede, Seifu, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemp, Grant Rodgers, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kereselidze, Maia, Ketema, Ezra Belay, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khajavi, Alireza, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Muhammad Ali, Khanal, Mukti Nath, Khang, Young-Ho, Khater, Mona M, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Kiirithio, Daniel Ngari, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kinra, Sanjay, Kisa, Adnan, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kutz, Michael, Kuzin, Igor, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lad, Deepesh Pravinkumar, Lafranconi, Alessandra, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lang, Justin J, Lansingh, Van C, Lansky, Sonia, Larsson, Anders, Latifi, Arman, Lazarus, Jeffrey Victor, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Paul H, Legesse, Yirga, Leigh, James, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Leta, Samson, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Juan, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S, Lind, Margaret, Linn, Shai, Listl, Stefan, Liu, Patrick, Liu, Shiwei, Lodha, Rakesh, Lopez, Alan D, Lorch, Scott A, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lucas, Timothy C D, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lurton, Grégoire, Lyons, Ronan A, Maalouf, Fadi, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Mackay, Mark T, Maddison, Emilie R, Madotto, Fabiana, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manhertz, Trey, Manguerra, Helena, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C, Margono, Christopher, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins, Sheila Cristina Ouriques, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, März, Winfried, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maulik, Pallab K, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, Mehata, Suresh, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mehta, Kala M, Mehta, Varshil, Meier, Toni, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Melku, Mulugeta, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengiste, Degu Abate, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Micha, Renata, Milam, Robert, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Minnig, Shawn, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mitchell, Philip B, Mlashu, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammed, Ebrahim, Mohammed, Mohammed A, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen Liddell, Molokhia, Mariam, Momeniha, Fatemeh, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Moreno Velasquez, Ilais, Mori, Rintaro, Morrison, Shane D, Moses, Mark, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mueller, Ulrich O, Murhekar, Manoj, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Murthy, Srinivas, Musa, Jonah, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagata, Chie, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naik, Gurudatta A, Naik, Nitish, Najafi, Farid, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie Njingang, Narayan, KM Venkat, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Newton, Charles R, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Long, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nolte, Ellen, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Nyandwi, Alypio, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R, Oliveira, Patricia Pereira Vasconcelos de, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V, Ortiz, Alberto, Ozdemir, Raziye, PA, Mahesh, Pain, Amanda W, Palone, Marcos Roberto Tovani, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Park, Eun-Kee, Parsian, Hadi, Patel, Tejas, Pati, Sanghamitra, Patil, Snehal T, Patle, Ajay, Patton, George C, Paturi, Vishnupriya Rao, Paudel, Deepak, Pedroso, Marcel de Moares, Pedroza, Sandra P, Pereira, David M, Perico, Norberto, Peterson, Hannah, Petzold, Max, Peykari, Niloofar, Phillips, Michael Robert, Piel, Frédéric B, Pigott, David M, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Postma, Maarten J, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prakash, Swayam, Prakash, V, Prasad, Narayan, Prasad, Noela Marie, Purcell, Caroline, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintana, Hedley Knewjen, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Raju, Sree Bhushan, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M, Rankin, Zane, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Ray, Sarah E, Razo-García, Christian Aspacia, Reddy, Priscilla, Reiner, Robert C, Reis, Cesar, Reitsma, Marissa B, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rios Blancas, Maria Jesus, Rivera, Juan A, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Ambuj, Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sachdev, Perminder S, Sadat, Nafis, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, Haniye Sadat, Salama, Joseph, Salamati, Payman, Saldanha, Raphael de Freitas, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sancheti, Parag K, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sarker, Abdur Razzaque, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Saylan, Mete I, Schaeffner, Elke, Schmidhuber, Josef, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schumacher, Austin E, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Sekerija, Mario, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakh-Nazarova, Marina, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Sharafi, Heidar, Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Meenakshi, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shfare, Mebrahtu Teweldemedhin, Shi, Peilin, Shields, Chloe, Shigematsu, Mika, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G, Shukla, Sharvari Rahul, Siabani, Soraya, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silberberg, Donald H, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Lavanya, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sinke, Abiy Hiruye, Sisay, Mekonnen, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Alison, Soares Filho, Adauto Martins, Sobaih, Badr H A, Somai, Melek, Soneji, Samir, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soriano, Joan B, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Sturua, Lela, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick J, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylaja, PN, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Tadesse, Andualem Henok, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Tandon, Nikhil, Tariku, Amare Tariku, Taveira, Nuno, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temam Shifa, Girma, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Tessema, Belay, Thakur, JS, Thomas, Nihal, Thompson, Matthew J, Tillmann, Taavi, To, Quyen G, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Fotis, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tripathi, Avnish, Tripathy, Srikanth Prasad, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsoi, Derrick, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Ullah, Irfan, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, Valdez, Pascual Rubén, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagnew, Fasil, Waheed, Yasir, Wallin, Mitchell T, Walson, Judd L, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wassie, Molla Mesele, Weaver, Marcia R, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Jordan, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T Eoin, Westerman, Ronny, White, Richard G, Whiteford, Harvey A, Widecka, Justyna, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles DA, Wondimkun, Yohanes Ayele, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Wyper, Grant M A, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimer, Nigus Bililign, Yin, Peng, Yip, Paul, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yonga, Gerald, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zadnik, Vesna, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Jun, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Murray, Christopher J L, and Lozano, Rafael
- Subjects
ddc - Published
- 2018
19. Global mortality from firearms, 1990-2016
- Author
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Naghavi, M, Marczak, LB, Kutz, M, Shackelford, KA, Arora, M, Miller-Petrie, M, Aichour, MTE, Akseer, N, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alam, K, Alghnam, SA, Antonio, CAT, Aremu, O, Arora, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Assadi, R, Atey, TM, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Barker-Collo, SL, Bärnighausen, TW, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Behzadifar, M, Bennett, JR, Bhalla, A, Bhutta, ZA, Bilal, AI, Borges, G, Borschmann, R, Brazinova, A, Campuzano Rincon, JC, Carvalho, F, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargan, PI, De Leo, D, Dharmaratne, SD, Ding, EL, Phuc Do, H, Doku, DT, Doyle, KE, Driscoll, TR, Edessa, D, El-Khatib, Z, Endries, AY, Esteghamati, A, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Feigin, VL, Fischer, F, Foreman, KJ, Franklin, RC, Fullman, N, Futran, ND, Gebrehiwot, TT, Gutiérrez, RA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haghparast Bidgoli, H, Hailu, GB, Haro, JM, Hassen, HY, Hawley, C, Hendrie, D, Híjar, M, Hu, G, Ilesanmi, OS, Jakovljevic, M, James, SL, Jayaraman, S, Jonas, JB, Kahsay, A, Kasaeian, A, Keiyoro, PN, Khader, Y, Khalil, IA, Khang, Y-H, Khubchandani, J, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A, Kieling, C, Kim, YJ, Kosen, S, Krohn, KJ, Kumar, GA, Lami, FH, Lansingh, VC, Larson, HJ, Linn, S, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Malekzadeh, R, Carvalho Malta, D, Mason-Jones, AJ, Matzopoulos, R, Memiah, PTN, Mendoza, W, Meretoja, TJ, Mezgebe, HB, Miller, TR, Mohammed, S, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Mori, R, Nand, D, Tat Nguyen, C, Le Nguyen, Q, Ningrum, DNA, Akpojene Ogbo, F, Olagunju, AT, Patton, GC, Phillips, MR, Polinder, S, Pourmalek, F, Qorbani, M, Rahimi-Movaghar, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rai, RK, Ranabhat, CL, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rowhani-Rahbar, A, Safdarian, M, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Salama, JS, Sanabria, J, Santric Milicevic, MM, Sarmiento-Suárez, R, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Schwebel, DC, Seedat, S, Sepanlou, SG, Shaikh, MA, Sharew, NT, Shiue, I, Singh, JA, Sisay, M, Skirbekk, V, Soares Filho, AM, Stein, DJ, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Sufiyan, MB, Swaroop, M, Sykes, BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tadese, F, Tran, BX, Thanh Tran, T, Ukwaja, KN, Vasankari, TJ, Vlassov, V, Werdecker, A, Ye, P, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Hay, SI, Lim, SS, Lopez, AD, Mokdad, AH, Vos, T, Murray, CJL, Naghavi, M, Marczak, LB, Kutz, M, Shackelford, KA, Arora, M, Miller-Petrie, M, Aichour, MTE, Akseer, N, Al-Raddadi, RM, Alam, K, Alghnam, SA, Antonio, CAT, Aremu, O, Arora, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Assadi, R, Atey, TM, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Barker-Collo, SL, Bärnighausen, TW, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Behzadifar, M, Bennett, JR, Bhalla, A, Bhutta, ZA, Bilal, AI, Borges, G, Borschmann, R, Brazinova, A, Campuzano Rincon, JC, Carvalho, F, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargan, PI, De Leo, D, Dharmaratne, SD, Ding, EL, Phuc Do, H, Doku, DT, Doyle, KE, Driscoll, TR, Edessa, D, El-Khatib, Z, Endries, AY, Esteghamati, A, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Feigin, VL, Fischer, F, Foreman, KJ, Franklin, RC, Fullman, N, Futran, ND, Gebrehiwot, TT, Gutiérrez, RA, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haghparast Bidgoli, H, Hailu, GB, Haro, JM, Hassen, HY, Hawley, C, Hendrie, D, Híjar, M, Hu, G, Ilesanmi, OS, Jakovljevic, M, James, SL, Jayaraman, S, Jonas, JB, Kahsay, A, Kasaeian, A, Keiyoro, PN, Khader, Y, Khalil, IA, Khang, Y-H, Khubchandani, J, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A, Kieling, C, Kim, YJ, Kosen, S, Krohn, KJ, Kumar, GA, Lami, FH, Lansingh, VC, Larson, HJ, Linn, S, Lunevicius, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Malekzadeh, R, Carvalho Malta, D, Mason-Jones, AJ, Matzopoulos, R, Memiah, PTN, Mendoza, W, Meretoja, TJ, Mezgebe, HB, Miller, TR, Mohammed, S, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Mori, R, Nand, D, Tat Nguyen, C, Le Nguyen, Q, Ningrum, DNA, Akpojene Ogbo, F, Olagunju, AT, Patton, GC, Phillips, MR, Polinder, S, Pourmalek, F, Qorbani, M, Rahimi-Movaghar, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Rai, RK, Ranabhat, CL, Rawaf, DL, Rawaf, S, Rowhani-Rahbar, A, Safdarian, M, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Salama, JS, Sanabria, J, Santric Milicevic, MM, Sarmiento-Suárez, R, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Schwebel, DC, Seedat, S, Sepanlou, SG, Shaikh, MA, Sharew, NT, Shiue, I, Singh, JA, Sisay, M, Skirbekk, V, Soares Filho, AM, Stein, DJ, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Sufiyan, MB, Swaroop, M, Sykes, BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tadese, F, Tran, BX, Thanh Tran, T, Ukwaja, KN, Vasankari, TJ, Vlassov, V, Werdecker, A, Ye, P, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, MZ, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Hay, SI, Lim, SS, Lopez, AD, Mokdad, AH, Vos, T, and Murray, CJL
- Published
- 2018
20. Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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Fullman, N, Yearwood, J, Abay, S, Abbafati, C, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Abebe, Z, Abebo, T, Aboyans, V, Abraha, H, Abreu, D, Abu-Raddad, L, Adane, A, Adedoyin, R, Adetokunboh, O, Adhikari, T, Afarideh, M, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agius, D, Agrawal, A, Agrawal, S, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A, Aichour, M, Akibu, M, Akinyemi, R, Akinyemiju, T, Akseer, N, Al Lami, F, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, T, Alasfoor, D, Albittar, M, Alene, K, Al-Eyadhy, A, Ali, S, Alijanzadeh, M, Aljunid, S, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Allen, C, Alomari, M, Al-Raddadi, R, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amenu, K, Ammar, W, Amoako, Y, Anber, N, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Antonio, C, Araújo, V, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Artaman, A, Aryal, K, Asayesh, H, Asfaw, E, Asgedom, S, Asghar, R, Ashebir, M, Asseffa, N, Atey, T, Atre, S, Atteraya, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Avokpaho, E, Awasthi, A, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayalew, A, Ayele, H, Ayer, R, Ayuk, T, Azzopardi, P, Azzopardi-Muscat, N, Babalola, 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Sayed, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Jun, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Murray, Christopher J L, and Lozano, Rafael
- Abstract
Background: A key component of achieving universal health coverage is ensuring that all populations have access to quality health care. Examining where gains have occurred or progress has faltered across and within countries is crucial to guiding decisions and strategies for future improvement. We used the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) to assess personal health-care access and quality with the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index for 195 countries and territories, as well as subnational locations in seven countries, from 1990 to 2016. Methods: Drawing from established methods and updated estimates from GBD 2016, we used 32 causes from which death should not occur in the presence of effective care to approximate personal health-care access and quality by location and over time. To better isolate potential effects of personal health-care access and quality from underlying risk factor patterns, we risk-standardised cause-specific deaths due to non-cancers by location-year, replacing the local joint exposure of environmental and behavioural risks with the global level of exposure. Supported by the expansion of cancer registry data in GBD 2016, we used mortality-to-incidence ratios for cancers instead of risk-standardised death rates to provide a stronger signal of the effects of personal health care and access on cancer survival. We transformed each cause to a scale of 0–100, with 0 as the first percentile (worst) observed between 1990 and 2016, and 100 as the 99th percentile (best); we set these thresholds at the country level, and then applied them to subnational locations. We applied a principal components analysis to construct the HAQ Index using all scaled cause values, providing an overall score of 0–100 of personal health-care access and quality by location over time. We then compared HAQ Index levels and trends by quintiles on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary measure of overall development. As derive
- Published
- 2018
21. Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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Fullman, Nancy, primary, Yearwood, Jamal, additional, Abay, Solomon M, additional, Abbafati, Cristiana, additional, Abd-Allah, Foad, additional, Abdela, Jemal, additional, Abdelalim, Ahmed, additional, Abebe, Zegeye, additional, Abebo, Teshome Abuka, additional, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, additional, Abreu, Daisy M X, additional, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, additional, Adane, Akilew Awoke, additional, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, additional, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, additional, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, additional, Afarideh, Mohsen, additional, Afshin, Ashkan, additional, Agarwal, Gina, additional, Agius, Dominic, additional, Agrawal, Anurag, additional, Agrawal, Sutapa, additional, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, additional, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, additional, Akibu, Mohammed, additional, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, additional, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, additional, Akseer, Nadia, additional, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, additional, Alahdab, Fares, additional, Al-Aly, Ziyad, additional, Alam, Khurshid, additional, Alam, Tahiya, additional, Alasfoor, Deena, additional, Albittar, Mohammed I, additional, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, additional, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, additional, Ali, Syed Danish, additional, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, additional, Aljunid, Syed M, additional, Alkerwi, Ala'a, additional, Alla, François, additional, Allebeck, Peter, additional, Allen, Christine, additional, Alomari, Mahmoud A, additional, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, additional, Alsharif, Ubai, additional, Altirkawi, Khalid A, additional, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, additional, Amare, Azmeraw T, additional, Amenu, Kebede, additional, Ammar, Walid, additional, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, additional, Anber, Nahla, additional, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, additional, Androudi, Sofia, additional, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, additional, Araújo, Valdelaine E M, additional, Aremu, Olatunde, additional, Ärnlöv, Johan, additional, Artaman, Al, additional, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, additional, Asayesh, Hamid, additional, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, additional, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, additional, Asghar, Rana Jawad, additional, Ashebir, Mengistu Mitiku, additional, Asseffa, Netsanet Abera, additional, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, additional, Atre, Sachin R, additional, Atteraya, Madhu S, additional, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, additional, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, additional, Awasthi, Ashish, additional, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, additional, Ayalew, Animut Alebel, additional, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, additional, Ayer, Rakesh, additional, Ayuk, Tambe Betrand, additional, Azzopardi, Peter, additional, Azzopardi-Muscat, Natasha, additional, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, additional, Badali, Hamid, additional, Badawi, Alaa, additional, Banach, Maciej, additional, Banerjee, Amitava, additional, Banstola, Amrit, additional, Barber, Ryan M, additional, Barboza, Miguel A, additional, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, additional, Bärnighausen, Till, additional, Barquera, Simon, additional, Barrero, Lope H, additional, Bassat, Quique, 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Demeke, additional, Gething, Peter W, additional, Ghadimi, Reza, additional, Ghasemi Falavarjani, Khalil, additional, Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam, additional, Gill, Paramjit Singh, additional, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, additional, Giroud, Maurice, additional, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, additional, Giussani, Giorgia, additional, Godwin, William W, additional, Goli, Srinivas, additional, Gomez-Dantes, Hector, additional, Gona, Philimon N, additional, Goodridge, Amador, additional, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, additional, Goryakin, Yevgeniy, additional, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, additional, Grada, Ayman, additional, Griswold, Max, additional, Grosso, Giuseppe, additional, Gugnani, Harish Chander, additional, Guo, Yuming, additional, Gupta, Rahul, additional, Gupta, Rajeev, additional, Gupta, Tanush, additional, Gupta, Tarun, additional, Gupta, Vipin, additional, Haagsma, Juanita A, additional, Hachinski, Vladimir, additional, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, additional, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, additional, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, additional, Hamidi, Samer, additional, Hankey, Graeme J, additional, Harb, Hilda L, additional, Harewood, Heather C, additional, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus, additional, Hawley, Caitlin, additional, Hay, Simon I, additional, He, Jiawei, additional, Hearps, Stephen J C, additional, Hegazy, Mohamed I, additional, Heibati, Behzad, additional, Heidari, Mohsen, additional, Hendrie, Delia, additional, Henry, Nathaniel J, additional, Herrera Ballesteros, Victor Hugo, additional, Herteliu, Claudiu, additional, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, additional, Hiluf, Molla Kahssay, additional, Hoek, Hans W, additional, Homaie Rad, Enayatollah, additional, Horita, Nobuyuki, additional, Hosgood, H Dean, additional, Hosseini, Mostafa, additional, Hosseini, Seyed Reza, additional, Hostiuc, Mihaela, additional, Hostiuc, Sorin, additional, Hoy, Damian G, additional, Hsairi, Mohamed, additional, Htet, 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- 2018
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22. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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- Abstract
Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined. Findings Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were
- Published
- 2017
23. Erratum: Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (The Lancet (2017) 390(10100) (1423–1459) (S014067361732336X) (10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32336-X))
- Author
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- Abstract
GBD 2016 SDG Collaborators. Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017; 390: 1423–59—The full-text version of this Article has been updated so that the list of authors is displayed in the correct order, in line with the pdf version, rather than in alphabetical order. This correction has been made to the online version as of Oct 12, 2017.
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- 2017
24. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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- Abstract
Background: Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Methods: We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE difered from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. Findings: The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75·2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71·9-78·6) for females and 72·0 years (68·8-75·1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45·6 years [42·0-49·5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41·5 years [39·0-44·0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6·24 years (5·97-6·48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6·04 years (5·74-6·27) for males and 6·49 years (6·08-6·77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1·78 years (1·61-1·93) for males
- Published
- 2017
25. Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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- Abstract
Background: The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "leaving no one behind". Understanding today's gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 health-related SDG indicators over the period 1990-2016 for 188 countries, and then on the basis of these past trends, we projected indicators to 2030. Methods: We used standardised GBD 2016 methods to measure 37 health-related indicators from 1990 to 2016, an increase of four indicators since GBD 2015. We substantially revised the universal health coverage (UHC) measure, which focuses on coverage of essential health services, to also represent personal health-care access and quality for several non-communicable diseases. We transformed each indicator on a scale of 0-100, with 0 as the 25th percentile estimated between 1990 and 2030, and 100 as the 975th percentile during that time. An index representing all 37 health-related SDG indicators was constructed by taking the geometric mean of scaled indicators by target. On the basis of past trends, we produced projections of indicator values, using a weighted average of the indicator and country-specific annualised rates of change from 1990 to 2016 with weights for each annual rate of change based on out-of-sample validity. 24 of the currently measured health-related SDG indicators have defined SDG targets, against which we assessed attainment. Findings Globally, the median health-related SDG index was 567 (IQR 319-668) in 2016 and country-level performance markedly varied, with Singapore (868, 95% uncertainty interval 846-889), Iceland (860, 841-876), and Sweden (856, 818-878) having the highest levels in 2016 and Afghanistan (109, 96-119), the Central African Republic (110, 88-138), and Somalia (113, 95-131) recording the lowest. Between
- Published
- 2017
26. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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K., Johnson, Catherine O., Jonas, Jost B., Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Kemmer, Laura, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Jun Y., Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Kivimaki, Mika, Knibbs, Luke D., Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J., Kromhout, Hans, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kumar, G. Anil, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H., Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C., Larsson, Anders, Lee, Alexander, Lee, Paul H., Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Linn, Shai, Liu, Patrick, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katherine J., Lopez, Alan D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manguerra, Helena, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Mapoma, Chabila C., Martin, Randall V., Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mathur, Manu Raj, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J., Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mensah, George A., Mensink, Gert B. M., Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R., Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohan, Murali B. V., Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morrison, Shane D., Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mueller, Ulrich O., Mullany, Erin C., Muller, Kate, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Nangia, Vinay, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nomura, Marika, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F., Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R., Olsen, Helen E., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Pa, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E., Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D., Patten, Scott B., Patton, George C., Pereira, David M., Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A., Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A., Polinder, Suzanne, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Rawaf, Salman, Rehm, Colin D., Rehm, Jürgen, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa B., Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M. 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K., Johnson, Catherine O., Jonas, Jost B., Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Kemmer, Laura, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Jun Y., Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Kivimaki, Mika, Knibbs, Luke D., Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J., Kromhout, Hans, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kumar, G. 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M., Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R., Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohan, Murali B. V., Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morrison, Shane D., Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mueller, Ulrich O., Mullany, Erin C., Muller, Kate, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Nangia, Vinay, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nomura, Marika, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F., Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R., Olsen, Helen E., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Pa, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E., Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D., Patten, Scott B., Patton, George C., Pereira, David M., Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A., Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A., Polinder, Suzanne, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Rawaf, Salman, Rehm, Colin D., Rehm, Jürgen, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa B., Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Rivera, Juan A., Roba, Kedir Teji, Rojas-Rueda, David, Roman, Yesenia, Room, Robin, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rushton, Lesley, Sadat, Nafis, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salama, Joseph, Salomon, Joshua A., Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G., Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S., Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schaeffner, Elke, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J. C., Schutte, Aletta E., Schwebel, David C., Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E., Shaddick, Gavin, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamah Levy, Teresa, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shen, Jiabin, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Smith, David L., Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H. A., Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Sposato, Luciano A., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Srinivasan, Vinay, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J., Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sur, Patrick J., Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L., Szoeke, Cassandra E. I., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Takahashi, Ken, Takala, Jukka S., Tandon, Nikhil, Tanner, Marcel, Tarekegn, Yihunie L., Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesssema, Belay, Thakur, J. S., Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Theis, Andrew M., Thomas, Matthew Lloyd, Thomson, Alan J., Thrift, Amanda G., Tillmann, Taavi, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Tollanes, Mette C., Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tran, Bach Xuan, Truelsen, Thomas, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A., Van Boven, Job F. M., Van Donkelaar, Aaron, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Veerman, Lennert J., Venkateswaran, Vidhya, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S., Vladimirov, Sergey K., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T., Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G., Weiss, Daniel J., Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A., Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Woodbrook, Rachel, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L., Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z., Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Xueying, Zimsen, Stephanie Raman M., Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Lim, Stephen S., and Murray, Christopher J. L.
- Abstract
Background: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods: We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined. Findings: Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men w
- Published
- 2017
27. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), dIRAS RA-2, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Abyu, Gebre Yitayih, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Komal, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Ansari, Hossein, Antó, Josep M., Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Arian, Nicholas, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G.Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Ballew, Shoshana H., Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Batis, Carolina, Battle, Katherine E., Baumgarner, Blair R., Baune, Bernhard T., Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhansali, Anil, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Blosser, Christopher D., Boneya, Dube Jara, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R., Brauer, Michael, Breitborde, Nicholas J.K., Brenner, Hermann, Brugha, Traolach S, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Butt, Zahid A., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cercy, Kelly, Chang, Hsing Yi, Charlson, Fiona J, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Comfort, Haley, Cooper, Cyrus, Coresh, Josef, Cornaby, Leslie, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Criqui, Michael H, Crump, John A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Ding, Eric L, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Donkelaar, Aaron van, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Duncan, Sarah, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farinha, Carla Sofia e.Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Kairsten, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C., Ferrari, Alize J, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Frostad, Joseph J, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ganji, Morsaleh, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Geleto, Ayele, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W., Ghajar, Alireza, Gibney, Katherine B, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W., Gona, Philimon N., Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goryakin, Yevgeniy, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guo, Jingwen, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Handal, Alexis J., Hankey, Graeme J., Hanson, Sarah Wulf, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hawley, Caitlin, Hay, Simon I, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Hendrie, Delia, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Hoek, Hans W, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Huang, Hsiang, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ikeda, Chad, Inoue, Manami, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Jackson, Maria Delores, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Jauregui, Alejandra, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Johansson, Lars R.K., Johnson, Catherine O., Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Kemmer, Laura, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Jun Y., Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Daniel, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Kivimaki, Mika, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J., Kromhout, Hans, Kumar, G Anil, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larsson, Anders, Lee, Paul H., Lee, Alexander, Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S, Linn, Shai, Liu, Patrick, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katherine J., Lopez, Alan D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manguerra, Helena, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Mapoma, Chabila C., Martin, Randall V, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mathur, Manu Raj, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John W, Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mensah, George A, Mensink, Gert B.M., Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Murali B.V., Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morrison, Shane D., Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mullany, Erin C, Muller, Kate, Murray, Christopher J L, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Nangia, Vinay, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Negoi, Ionut, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh Hao, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nomura, Marika, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R., Olsen, Helen E., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O., PA, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E., Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C., Pereira, David M, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A., Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A., Polinder, Suzanne, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Rawaf, Salman, Rehm, Colin D., Rehm, Jürgen, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa B., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Resnikoff, Serge, Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rivera, Juan A., Roba, Kedir Teji, Rojas-Rueda, David, Roman, Yesenia, Room, Robin, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rushton, Lesley, Sadat, Nafis, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salama, Joseph, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schutte, Aletta E., Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaddick, Gavin, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shen, Jiabin, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Smith, David L., Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H.A., Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J.D., Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J., Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sur, Patrick J., Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Szoeke, Cassandra E.I., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Takahashi, Ken, Takala, Jukka S., Tandon, Nikhil, Tanner, Marcel, Tarekegn, Yihunie L., Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesssema, Belay, Thakur, J. S., Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Theis, Andrew M., Thomas, Matthew Lloyd, Thomson, Alan J., Thrift, Amanda G, Tillmann, Taavi, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Tollanes, Mette C., Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tran, Bach Xuan, Truelsen, Thomas, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A., van Boven, Job F.M., Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi J, Veerman, Lennert J, Venkateswaran, Vidhya, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J., Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Xueying, Zimsen, Stephanie Raman M., Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), dIRAS RA-2, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Abyu, Gebre Yitayih, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Komal, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Ansari, Hossein, Antó, Josep M., Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Arian, Nicholas, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G.Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Ballew, Shoshana H., Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Batis, Carolina, Battle, Katherine E., Baumgarner, Blair R., Baune, Bernhard T., Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhansali, Anil, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Blosser, Christopher D., Boneya, Dube Jara, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R., Brauer, Michael, Breitborde, Nicholas J.K., Brenner, Hermann, Brugha, Traolach S, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Butt, Zahid A., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cercy, Kelly, Chang, Hsing Yi, Charlson, Fiona J, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Comfort, Haley, Cooper, Cyrus, Coresh, Josef, Cornaby, Leslie, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Criqui, Michael H, Crump, John A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Ding, Eric L, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Donkelaar, Aaron van, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Duncan, Sarah, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farinha, Carla Sofia e.Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Kairsten, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C., Ferrari, Alize J, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Frostad, Joseph J, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ganji, Morsaleh, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Geleto, Ayele, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W., Ghajar, Alireza, Gibney, Katherine B, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W., Gona, Philimon N., Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goryakin, Yevgeniy, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guo, Jingwen, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Handal, Alexis J., Hankey, Graeme J., Hanson, Sarah Wulf, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hawley, Caitlin, Hay, Simon I, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Hendrie, Delia, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Hoek, Hans W, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Huang, Hsiang, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ikeda, Chad, Inoue, Manami, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Jackson, Maria Delores, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Jauregui, Alejandra, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Johansson, Lars R.K., Johnson, Catherine O., Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Kemmer, Laura, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Jun Y., Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Daniel, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Kivimaki, Mika, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J., Kromhout, Hans, Kumar, G Anil, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larsson, Anders, Lee, Paul H., Lee, Alexander, Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S, Linn, Shai, Liu, Patrick, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katherine J., Lopez, Alan D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manguerra, Helena, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Mapoma, Chabila C., Martin, Randall V, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mathur, Manu Raj, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John W, Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mensah, George A, Mensink, Gert B.M., Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Murali B.V., Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morrison, Shane D., Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mullany, Erin C, Muller, Kate, Murray, Christopher J L, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Nangia, Vinay, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Negoi, Ionut, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh Hao, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nomura, Marika, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R., Olsen, Helen E., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O., PA, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E., Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C., Pereira, David M, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A., Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A., Polinder, Suzanne, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Rawaf, Salman, Rehm, Colin D., Rehm, Jürgen, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa B., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Resnikoff, Serge, Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rivera, Juan A., Roba, Kedir Teji, Rojas-Rueda, David, Roman, Yesenia, Room, Robin, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rushton, Lesley, Sadat, Nafis, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salama, Joseph, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schutte, Aletta E., Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaddick, Gavin, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shen, Jiabin, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Smith, David L., Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H.A., Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J.D., 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S., Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Theis, Andrew M., Thomas, Matthew Lloyd, Thomson, Alan J., Thrift, Amanda G, Tillmann, Taavi, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Tollanes, Mette C., Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Tran, Bach Xuan, Truelsen, Thomas, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A., van Boven, Job F.M., Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi J, Veerman, Lennert J, Venkateswaran, Vidhya, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J., Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Xueying, Zimsen, Stephanie Raman M., Zipkin, Ben, and Zodpey, Sanjay
- Published
- 2017
28. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators, Hay, Simon I, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Stokes, Mark Andrew, GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators, Hay, Simon I, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, and Stokes, Mark Andrew
- Published
- 2017
29. Healthcare access and quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
- Author
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Barber, Ryan M., Stokes, Mark Andrew, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Bollyky, Thomas, McKee, Martin, Nolte, Ellen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abdurahman, Ahmed Abdulahi, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraham, Biju, Abreha, Girmatsion Fisseha, Adane, Kelemework, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O., Fullman, Nancy, GBD 2015 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators, Barber, Ryan M., Stokes, Mark Andrew, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Bollyky, Thomas, McKee, Martin, Nolte, Ellen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abdurahman, Ahmed Abdulahi, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraham, Biju, Abreha, Girmatsion Fisseha, Adane, Kelemework, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O., Fullman, Nancy, and GBD 2015 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators
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- 2017
30. Erratum: Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (The Lancet (2017) 390(10100) (1423–1459) (S014067361732336X) (10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32336-X))
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Fullman, Nancy, Fullman, N, Barber, R, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abbafati, C, Abbas, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulkader, R, Abdulle, A, Abera, S, Aboyans, V, Abu-Raddad, L, Abu-Rmeileh, N, Adedeji, I, Adetokunboh, O, Afshin, A, Agrawal, A, Agrawal, S, Ahmad Kiadaliri, A, Ahmadieh, H, Ahmed, M, Aichour, M, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aiyar, S, Akinyemi, R, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alasfoor, D, Alene, K, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Allen, C, Al-Raddadi, R, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amini, E, Ammar, W, Ansari, H, Antonio, C, Anwari, P, Arora, M, Artaman, A, Aryal, K, Asayesh, H, Asgedom, S, Assadi, R, Atey, T, Atre, S, Avila-Burgos, L, Avokpaho, E, Awasthi, A, Azzopardi, P, Bacha, U, Badawi, A, Balakrishnan, K, Bannick, M, Barac, A, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Barrero, L, Basu, S, Battle, K, Baune, B, Beardsley, J, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Béjot, Y, Bell, M, Bennett, D, Bennett, J, Bensenor, I, Berhane, A, Berhe, D, Bernabé, E, Betsu, 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A, Farzadfar, F, Fazeli, M, Feigin, V, Feigl, A, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, J, Ferrari, A, Feyissa, T, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fitzmaurice, C, Flaxman, A, Foigt, N, Foreman, K, Frank, T, Franklin, R, Friedman, J, Frostad, J, Fürst, T, Furtado, J, Gakidou, E, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Gebrehiwot, T, Geleijnse, J, Geleto, A, Gemechu, B, Gething, P, Gibney, K, Gill, P, Gillum, R, Giref, A, Gishu, M, Giussani, G, Glenn, S, Godwin, W, Goldberg, E, Gona, P, Goodridge, A, Gopalani, S, Goryakin, Y, Griswold, M, Gugnani, H, Gupta, R, Gupta, T, Gupta, V, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hailu, G, Hamadeh, R, Hammami, M, Hankey, G, Harb, H, Hareri, H, Hassanvand, M, Havmoeller, R, Hawley, C, Hay, S, He, J, Hendrie, D, Henry, N, Heredia-Pi, I, Hoek, H, Holmberg, M, Horita, N, Hosgood, H, Hostiuc, S, Hoy, D, Hsairi, M, Htet, A, Huang, J, Huang, H, Huynh, C, Iburg, K, Ikeda, C, Inoue, M, Irvine, C, Jacobsen, K, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, M, Jauregui, A, Javanbakht, M, Jeemon, P, Jha, V, John, D, Johnson, C, Johnson, S, 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João Vasco, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Saylan, Mete I, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schneider, Matthew T, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shifa, Girma Temam, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shirude, Shreya, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G, Silberberg, Donald H, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Sligar, Amber, Smith, David L, Smith, Alison, Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H A, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soljak, Michael, Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Strub, Bryan, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick J, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylte, Dillon O, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Tandon, Nikhil, Tao, Tianchan, Tarekegn, Yihunie L, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tessema, Gizachew Assefa, Thakur, J. S., Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thrift, Amanda G, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Tran, Bach Xuan, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsoi, Derrick, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Ye, Pengpeng, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Xueying, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Lim, Stephen S, and Murray, Christopher J L
- Abstract
GBD 2016 SDG Collaborators. Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017; 390: 1423–59—The full-text version of this Article has been updated so that the list of authors is displayed in the correct order, in line with the pdf version, rather than in alphabetical order. This correction has been made to the online version as of Oct 12, 2017.
- Published
- 2017
31. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
- Author
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Barber, Ryan M, Fullman, Nancy, Sorensen, Reed J D, Bollyky, Thomas, McKee, Martin, Nolte, Ellen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abdurahman, Ahmed Abdulahi, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraham, Biju, Abreha, Girmatsion Fisseha, Adane, Kelemework, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Arnav, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Agarwal, Sunilkumar, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Kedir Yimam, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alexander, Lily, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Syed Danish, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amo-Adjei, Joshu, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anderson, Benjamin O, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Assadi, Reza, Astatkie, Ayalew, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atique, Suleman, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Atre, Sachin R, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Nebiyu Negussu, Azzopardi, Peter, Saleem, Huda Omer Ba, Bärnighausen, Till, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Baye, Kaleab, Bayou, Yibeltal Tebekaw, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bernal, Oscar Alberto, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beyene, Tariku Jibat, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bikbov, Boris, Birlik, Sait Mentes, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Bose, Dipan, Brainin, Michael, Brauer, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Butt, Zahid A, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Casey, Daniel, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cecilio, Pedro, Cercy, Kelly, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Alan Z, Chew, Adrienne, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Coggeshall, Megan S, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cortinovis, Monica, Crump, John A, Dalal, Koustuv, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, Jose, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, De Leo, Diego, Del Gobbo, Liana C, del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E Ray, Doyle, Kerrie E, Dubey, Manisha, Ehrenkranz, Rebecca, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Elyazar, Iqbal, Enayati, Ahmadali, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fürst, Thomas, Faghmous, Imad D A, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farid, Talha A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, Andre, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Feigl, Andrea B, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Fernandes, João C, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Fleming, Thomas D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Franklin, Richard C, Frostad, Joseph, G/hiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gambashidze, Ketevan, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gao, Wayne, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebre, Teshome, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gebremichael, Mengistu Welday, Gebru, Alemseged Aregay, Gelaye, Amha Admasie, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Gibney, Katherine B, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Gold, Audra, Goldberg, Ellen M, Gona, Philimon N, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goto, Atsushi, Graetz, Nicholas, Greaves, Felix, Griswold, Max, Guban, Peter Imre, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hakuzimana, Alex, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Hay, Simon I, Hendrie, Delia, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Hoek, Hans W, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Hsiang, Huang, John J, Huntley, Bethany M, Huynh, Chantal, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Innos, Kaire, Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, James, Peter, James, Spencer Lewis, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, John, Denny, Johnson, Catherine, Johnson, Sarah C, Jonas, Jost B, Juel, Knud, Kabir, Zubair, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Karch, Andre, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimi, Seyed M, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kerbo, Amene Abebe, Kereselidze, Maia, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim, Khan, Abdur Rahman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khonelidze, Irma, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Pauline, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivipelto, Miia, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolk, Anneli, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Krohn, Kristopher J, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G Anil, Kumsa, Fekede Asefa, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Lal, Aparna, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Langan, Sinead M, Lansingh, Van C, Larson, Heidi J, Larsson, Anders, Laryea, Dennis Odai, Latif, Asma Abdul, Lawrynowicz, Alicia Elena Beatriz, Leasher, Janet L, Leigh, James, Leinsalu, Mall, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lind, Margaret, Linn, Shai, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Patrick, Liu, Yang, Lo, Loon-Tzian, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D, Lorch, Scott A, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Mackay, Mark T, El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C, Marcenes, Wagner, Marks, Guy B, Marquez, Neal, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Marzan, Melvin Barrientos, Massano, João, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maulik, Pallab K, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J, McNellan, Claire, Meaney, Peter A, Mehari, Alem, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Mekonnen, Alemayehu B, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memish, Ziad A, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengiste, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Mills, Edward J, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mock, Charles N, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohanty, Sanjay K, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen Liddell D, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Moses, Mark, Mueller, Ulrich O, Murthy, Srinivas, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nachega, Jean B, Nagata, Chie, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Negoi, Ionut, Neupane, Sudan Prasad, Newton, Charles R, Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Grant, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nolte, Sandra, Nomura, Marika, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Okoro, Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olivares, Pedro R, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osborne, Richard H, Osman, Majdi, Owolabi, Mayowa O, PA, Mahesh, Pain, Amanda W, Pakhale, Smita, Castillo, Elizabeth Palomares, Pana, Adrian, Papachristou, Christina, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patel, Tejas, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Paul, Vinod K, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pigott, David M, Pillay, Julian David, Pinho, Christine, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Prakash, V, Purwar, Manorama, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quistberg, D Alex, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Rao, Puja C, Rawaf, Salman, Rego, Maria Albertina Santiago, Reitsma, Marissa, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Nawal K, Sachdev, Perminder S, Sackey, Ben Benasco, Saeedi, Mohammad Yahya, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S, Santos, João Vasco, Milicevic, Milena M Santric, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete I, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Seedat, Soraya, Seid, Abdulbasit Musa, Seifu, Canaan Negash, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Setegn, Tesfaye, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakh-Nazarova, Marina, Shamsipour, Mansour, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shen, Jiabin, Shi, Peilin, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G, Sibamo, Ephrem Lejore Sibamo, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Om Prakash, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Singh, Virendra, Sinke, Abiy Hiruye, Sinshaw, Aklilu Endalamaw, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Alison, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Soriano, Joan B, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Stranges, Saverio, Strong, Mark, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sturua, Lela, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sun, Jiandong, Sur, Patrick, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabb, Karen M, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Tarajia, Musharaf, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Teeple, Stephanie, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Shifa, Girma Temam, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Thakur, JS, Thomson, Alan J, Tillmann, Taavi, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tura, Abera Kenay, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Boven, Job F M, Van Dingenen, Rita, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagner, Joseph A, Wakayo, Tolassa, Waller, Stephen G, Walson, Judd L, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Watkins, David A, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Wen, Chi-Pang, Werdecker, Andrea, Wesana, Joshua, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Workie, Shimelash Bitew, Wubshet, Mamo, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, Zapata, Tomas, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoeckler, Leo, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
- Abstract
National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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Naghavi, Mohsen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Arnlov, Johan, Afshin, Ashkan, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aiyar, Sneha, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Syed Danish, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkaabi, Juma M., Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, Francois, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T., Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla, Andersen, Hjalte H., Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Anwari, Palwasha, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W., Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Paulina, Beatriz, Quintanilla, Ayala, Bejot, Yannick, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A., Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H., Baune, Bernhard T., Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L., Bennett, James R., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabe, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Bhatt, Samir, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Bisanzio, Donal, Bourne, Rupert R. A., Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Negesa, Lemma, Bulto, Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair R., Butt, Zahid A., Cardenas, Rosario, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cameron, Ewan, Cesar Campuzano, Julio, Car, Josip, Jesus Carrero, Juan, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C., Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Catala-Lopez, Ferran, Charlson, Fiona J., Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J., Colombara, Danny, Cooper, Cyrus, Cowie, Benjamin C., Criqui, Michael H., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I., das Neves, Jose, Davitoiu, Dragos V., Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Dey, Subhojit, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L., Djalalinia, Shirin, Huyen Phuc Do, Huyen Phuc Do, Doku, David Teye, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Driscoll, Tim R., Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Echko, Michelle, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Enayati, Ahmadali, Erskine, Holly E., Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Ermakov, Sergey P., Estep, Kara, E Sa Farinha, Carla Sofia, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L., Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Joao C., Ferrari, Alize J., Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Finegold, Samuel, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D., Foigt, Nataliya, Frank, Tahvi, Fraser, Maya, Fullman, Nancy, Furst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gebre, Teshome, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremichael, Delelegn Yilma, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W., Gillum, Richard F., Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W., Gold, Audra L., Goldberg, Ellen M., Gona, Philimon N., Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gouda, Hebe N., Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Griswold, Max, Gupta, Prakash C., Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Haagsma, Juanita A., Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Handal, Alexis J., Hankey, Graeme J., Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L., Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I., He, Fei, Hedayati, Mohammad T., Henry, Nathaniel J., Beatriz Heredia-Pi, Ileana, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hoek, Hans W., Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hotez, Peter J., Hoy, Damian G., Huynh, Chantal, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ikeda, Chad, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Jurisson, Mikk, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P., Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, John, Denny, Johnson, Catherine O., Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, Andre, Karimi, Seyed M., Karimkhani, Chante, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kieling, Christian, Kievlan, Daniel, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivimaki, Mika, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H., Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lambert, Nkurunziza, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C., Larsson, Anders, Lee, Paul H., Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yongmei, Kappe, Darya Li, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S., Liu, Angela, Liu, Patrick Y., Liu, Yang, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Rafael, Lucas, Timothy C. D., Ma, Stefan, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Maddison, Emilie R., Abd el Razek, Mohammed Magdy, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Manguerra, Helena, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C., Marczak, Laurie B., Markos, Desalegn, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio, Martopullo, Ira, McAlinden, Colm, McGaughey, Madeline, McGrath, John J., Mehata, Suresh, Meier, Toni, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A., Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R., Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Mola, Glen Liddell D., Mollenkopf, Sarah K., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montanez Hernandez, Julio C., Montico, Marcella, Mooney, Meghan D., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morrison, Shane D., Morozoff, Chloe, Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Muller, Kate, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nachega, Jean B., Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Nasher, Jamal T., Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ionut, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Grant Nguyen, Grant Nguyen, Minh Nguyen, Minh Nguyen, Quyen Le Nguyen, Quyen Le Nguyen, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Vuong Minh Nong, Vuong Minh Nong, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Okoro, Anselm, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olsen, Helen E., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osman, Majdi, Ota, Erika, Pa, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E., Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Patten, Scott B., Patton, George C., Paudel, Deepak, Paulson, Katherine, Pereira, David M., Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pigott, David M., Pinho, Christine, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A., Polinder, Suzanne, Postma, Maarten J., Pourmalek, Farshad, Purcell, Caroline, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Puja C., Rath, Goura Kishor, Rawaf, Salman, Ray, Sarah E., Rehm, Jurgen, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa B., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rezaei, Satar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Saadat, Rizwan S. A. Soheil, Sachdev, Perminder S., Sadat, Nafis, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salama, Joseph, Salamati, Payman, Salomon, Joshua A., Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Dolores Sanchez-Nino, Maria, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S., Milicevic, Milena M. Santric, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Shahraz, Saeid, Schmidt, Maria Ines, Schneider, Ione J. C., Schulhofer-Wohl, Sam, Schutte, Aletta E., Schwebel, David C., Schwendicke, Falk, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shey, Muki, Shi, Peilin, Shields, Chloe, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirude, Shreya, Shiue, Ivy, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silpakit, Naris, Silva, Joao Pedro, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A., Skiadaresi, Eirini, Sligar, Amber, Smith, Alison, Smith, David L., Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H. A., Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Soriano, Joan B., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J., Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Strong, Mark, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F., Sur, Patrick J., Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L., Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Takahashi, Ken, Takala, Jukka S., Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Thakur, J. S., Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thomas, Katie E., Thompson, Alex H., Thomson, Alan J., Thrift, Amanda G., Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Towbin, Jeffrey Allen, Bach Xuan Tran, Bach Xuan Tran, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsoi, Derrick, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Undurraga, Eduardo A., Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A., Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi, van Boven, Job F. M., Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T., Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G., Weiss, Daniel J., Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whetter, Brian, Whiteford, Harvey A., Wijeratne, Tissa, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Woodbrook, Rachel, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xiao, Qingyang, Xu, Gelin, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z., Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Anthony Lin, Zhang, Xueying, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Lopez, Alan D., Murray, Christopher J. L., Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Alahdab, Fare, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alene, Kefyalew Addi, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Ali, Syed Danish, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkaabi, Juma M, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, Françoi, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla, Andersen, Hjalte H, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G, Awasthi, Ashish, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lar, Barrero, Lope H, Baune, Bernhard T, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Bhatt, Samir, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Bori, Bisanzio, Donal, Bourne, Rupert R A, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair R, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cameron, Ewan, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesu, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Charlson, Fiona J, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesuda, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Colombara, Danny, Cooper, Cyru, Cowie, Benjamin C, Criqui, Michael H, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, José, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Dey, Subhojit, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doku, David Teye, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Driscoll, Tim R, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Echko, Michelle, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Enayati, Ahmadali, Erskine, Holly E, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C, Ferrari, Alize J, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Finegold, Samuel, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Foigt, Nataliya, Frank, Tahvi, Fraser, Maya, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thoma, Furtado, Joao M, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebre, Teshome, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremichael, Delelegn Yilma, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W, Gillum, Richard F, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Gold, Audra L, Goldberg, Ellen M, Gona, Philimon N, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gouda, Hebe N, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Griswold, Max, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmu, Hay, Simon I, He, Fei, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Henry, Nathaniel J, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hoek, Hans W, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian G, Huynh, Chantal, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ikeda, Chad, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, John, Denny, Johnson, Catherine O, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kamal, Ritul, Karch, André, Karimi, Seyed M, Karimkhani, Chante, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kieling, Christian, Kievlan, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Daniel, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohanne, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivimaki, Mika, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lambert, Tea Lallukka Nkurunziza, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larsson, Ander, Lee, Paul H, Leigh, Jame, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yongmei, Li Kappe, Darya, Liang, Xiaofeng, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Patrick Y, Liu, Angela, Liu, Yang, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lucas, Timothy C D, Ma, Stefan, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Maddison, Emilie R, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Manguerra, Helena, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C, Marczak, Laurie B, Markos, Desalegn, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, McAlinden, Colm, McGaughey, Madeline, McGrath, John J, Mehata, Suresh, Meier, Toni, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mohamed, Ibrahim Abdelmageem, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen Liddell D, Mollenkopf, Sarah K, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez, Julio C, Montico, Marcella, Mooney, Meghan D, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Morozoff, Chloe, Morrison, Shane D, Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Muller, Kate, Murray, Christopher J L, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nachega, Jean B, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Nascimento, Bruno Ramo, Nasher, Jamal T, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negoi, Ionut, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nong, Vuong Minh, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Okoro, Anselm, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osman, Majdi, Ota, Erika, PA, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E, Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda, Basant Kumar, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Paulson, Katherine, Pereira, David M, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pigott, David M, Pinho, Christine, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A, Polinder, Suzanne, Postma, Maarten J, Pourmalek, Farshad, Purcell, Caroline, 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Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Deni, Xiao, Qingyang, Xu, Gelin, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Anthony Lin, Zhang, Xueying, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Rafay, Anwar, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Shi, Peilin, Gupta, Parkash C, Erasmus MC other, Public Health, Neurosciences, Viðskiptadeild (HR), School of Business (RU), Háskólinn í Reykjavík, Reykjavik University, Mohsen, Naghavi, Amanuel, Alemu, Abajobir, Cristiana, Abbafati, Kaja, M, Abbas, Foad, Abd Allah, Semaw, Ferede, Abera, Victor, Aboyan, Olatunji, Adetokunboh, Johan, Ärnlöv, Ashkan, Afshin, Anurag, Agrawal, Aliasghar, Ahmad, Kiadaliri, Alireza, Ahmadi, Muktar, Beshir, Ahmed, Amani, Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud, Taki, Eddine, Aichour, Sneha, Aiyar, Ayman, Al Eyadhy, Fares, Alahdab, Ziyad, Al Aly, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alam, Kefyalew, Addi, Alene, Syed, Danish, Ali, Reza, Alizadeh Navaei, Juma, M, Alkaabi, Ala’A, Alkerwi, François, Alla, Peter, Allebeck, Christine, Allen, Rajaa, Al Raddadi, Ubai, Alsharif, Khalid, A, Altirkawi, Nelson, Alvis Guzman, Azmeraw, T, Amare, Erfan, Amini, Walid, Ammar, Yaw, Ampem, Amoako, Nahla, Anber, Hjalte, H, Andersen, Catalina, Liliana, Andrei, Sofia, Androudi, Hossein, Ansari, Carl, Abelardo, T, Antonio, Palwasha, Anwari, Megha, Arora, Al, Artaman, Krishna, Kumar, Aryal, Hamid, Asayesh, Solomon, W, Asgedom, Tesfay, Mehari, Atey, Leticia, Avila Burgo, Euripide, Frinel, G, Arthur, Avokpaho, Ashish, Awasthi, Beatriz, Paulina, Ayala, Quintanilla, Yannick, Béjot, Tesleem, Kayode, Babalola, Umar, Bacha, Kalpana, Balakrishnan, Aleksandra, Barac, Miguel, A, Barboza, Suzanne, L, Barker, Collo, Simon, Barquera, Lars, Barregard, 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Dánarmein ,Male ,Heilsufar ,Dánartíðni ,Newborn infants ,Lífslíkur ,Life expectancy ,Communicable diseases ,Global Health ,Global Burden of Disease ,Disasters ,Pregnancy ,Cause of Death ,Psychology ,Child ,Konur ,Aged, 80 and over ,Ungbörn ,CLIMATE-CHANGE ,PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM ,Kransæðasjúkdómar ,Global burden of disease/statistics and numerical data ,Medicine (all) ,Men ,Þjóðir ,Öndunarfærasjúkdómar ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,Middle Aged ,Nutrition Disorders ,PREVALENCE ,Coronary heart disease ,Smitsjúkdómar ,Death ,Suicide ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Sálfræði ,World health ,Child, Preschool ,Nýburar ,Female ,GBD, mortality ,Infants ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Age distribution ,Global Health Metrics ,Adult ,Diarrhea ,AFRICA ,HUMAN HEALTH ,Adolescent ,GBD ,UNITED-STATES ,Socioeconomic factors ,Communicable Diseases ,Young Adult ,Age Distribution ,Heilbrigðisvísindi ,Medicine, General & Internal ,General & Internal Medicine ,Humans ,QUALITY ,Women ,Nutrition disorders ,INCOME COUNTRIES ,Mortality ,Noncommunicable Diseases ,Aged ,Science & Technology ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Respiratory infections ,Næringarskortur ,ALCOHOL POLICY ,mortality ,Malaria ,Pregnancy Complications ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Áverkar ,Karlar ,Wounds and Injuries ,Félagshagfræði ,Accidental Falls ,Cause of death/trends ,RESISTANCE - Abstract
Correction: Group Author(s): GBD 2016 Causes Death LANCET Volume: 390 Issue: 10106 Pages: E38-E38 Published: OCT 28 2017 Group Author(s): GBD 2016 Dis Injury Incidence LANCET Volume: 390 Issue: 10106 Pages: E38-E38 Published: OCT 28 2017, Background Monitoring levels and trends in premature mortality is crucial to understanding how societies can address prominent sources of early death. The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 264 causes in 195 locations from 1980 to 2016. This assessment includes evaluation of the expected epidemiological transition with changes in development and where local patterns deviate from these trends. Methods We estimated cause-specific deaths and years of life lost (YLLs) by age, sex, geography, and year. YLLs were calculated from the sum of each death multiplied by the standard life expectancy at each age. We used the GBD cause of death database composed of: vital registration (VR) data corrected for under-registration and garbage coding; national and subnational verbal autopsy (VA) studies corrected for garbage coding; and other sources including surveys and surveillance systems for specific causes such as maternal mortality. To facilitate assessment of quality, we reported on the fraction of deaths assigned to GBD Level 1 or Level 2 causes that cannot be underlying causes of death (major garbage codes) by location and year. Based on completeness, garbage coding, cause list detail, and time periods covered, we provided an overall data quality rating for each location with scores ranging from 0 stars (worst) to 5 stars (best). We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to generate estimates for each location, year, age, and sex. We assessed observed and expected levels and trends of cause-specific deaths in relation to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator derived from measures of average income per capita, educational attainment, and total fertility, with locations grouped into quintiles by SDI. Relative to GBD 2015, we expanded the GBD cause hierarchy by 18 causes of death for GBD 2016. Findings The quality of available data varied by location. Data quality in 25 countries rated in the highest category (5 stars), while 48, 30, 21, and 44 countries were rated at each of the succeeding data quality levels. Vital registration or verbal autopsy data were not available in 27 countries, resulting in the assignment of a zero value for data quality. Deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represented 72.3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 71.2-73.2) of deaths in 2016 with 19.3% (18.5-20.4) of deaths in that year occurring from communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases and a further 8.43% (8.00-8.67) from injuries. Although age-standardised rates of death from NCDs decreased globally between 2006 and 2016, total numbers of these deaths increased; both numbers and age-standardised rates of death from CMNN causes decreased in the decade 2006-16-age-standardised rates of deaths from injuries decreased but total numbers varied little. In 2016, the three leading global causes of death in children under-5 were lower respiratory infections, neonatal preterm birth complications, and neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma, combined resulting in 1.80 million deaths (95% UI 1.59 million to 1.89 million). Between 1990 and 2016, a profound shift toward deaths at older ages occurred with a 178% (95% UI 176-181) increase in deaths in ages 90-94 years and a 210% (208-212) increase in deaths older than age 95 years. The ten leading causes by rates of age-standardised YLL significantly decreased from 2006 to 2016 (median annualised rate of change was a decrease of 2.89%); the median annualised rate of change for all other causes was lower (a decrease of 1.59%) during the same interval. Globally, the five leading causes of total YLLs in 2016 were cardiovascular diseases; diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and other common infectious diseases; neoplasms; neonatal disorders; and HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. At a finer level of disaggregation within cause groupings, the ten leading causes of total YLLs in 2016 were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, lower respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, road injuries, malaria, neonatal preterm birth complications, HIV/AIDS, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma. Ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of total YLLs in 113 countries for men and 97 countries for women. Comparisons of observed levels of YLLs by countries, relative to the level of YLLs expected on the basis of SDI alone, highlighted distinct regional patterns including the greater than expected level of YLLs from malaria and from HIV/AIDS across sub-Saharan Africa; diabetes mellitus, especially in Oceania; interpersonal violence, notably within Latin America and the Caribbean; and cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, particularly in eastern and central Europe. The level of YLLs from ischaemic heart disease was less than expected in 117 of 195 locations. Other leading causes of YLLs for which YLLs were notably lower than expected included neonatal preterm birth complications in many locations in both south Asia and southeast Asia, and cerebrovascular disease in western Europe. Interpretation The past 37 years have featured declining rates of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases across all quintiles of SDI, with faster than expected gains for many locations relative to their SDI. A global shift towards deaths at older ages suggests success in reducing many causes of early death. YLLs have increased globally for causes such as diabetes mellitus or some neoplasms, and in some locations for causes such as drug use disorders, and conflict and terrorism. Increasing levels of YLLs might reflect outcomes from conditions that required high levels of care but for which effective treatments remain elusive, potentially increasing costs to health systems., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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33. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manguerra, Helena, Manhertz, Treh, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Mapoma, Chabila C, March, Lyn M, Marczak, Laurie B, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins, Paulo Henrique Viegas, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, März, Winfried, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGaughey, Madeline, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, Mehata, Suresh, Meier, Toni, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Mitchell, Philip B, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Muktar Sano Kedir, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Murali B V, Mokdad, Ali H, Mollenkopf, Sarah K, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Morrison, Shane D, Moses, Mark, Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Mueller, Ulrich O, Muller, Kate, Murdoch, Michele E, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Murthy, Srinivas, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nachega, Jean B, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S, Nangia, Vinay, Nasher, Jamal T, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Negasa, Dumessa Edessa, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Negoi, Ionut, Newton, Charles R, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Minh, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Nyandwi, Alypio, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, O'Donnell, Martin J, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Okoro, Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osborne, Richard H, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Osman, Majdi, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa O, PA, Mahesh, Pacella, Rosana E, Panda, Basant Kumar, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patil, Snehal T, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Paulson, Katherine, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perez, Krystle Marie, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie Beth, Petri, William Arthur, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Phipps, Geoffrey, Pigott, David M, Pillay, Julian David, Pinho, Christine, Piradov, Michael A, Plass, Dietrich, Pletcher, Martin A, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Narayan, Purcell, Carrie, Purwar, Manorama, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Rabiee, Rynaz H S, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rangaswamy, Thara, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Rao, Puja C, Rawaf, Salman, Ray, Sarah E, Reiner, Robert C, Reinig, Nikolas, Reitsma, Marissa, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Robinson, Stephen R, Rojas-Rueda, David, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Ambuj, Rubagotti, Enrico, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Saadat, Soheil, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salama, Joseph, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Salomon, Joshua A, Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, João Vasco, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Schelonka, Kathryn, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaheen, Amira, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsipour, Mansour, Sharma, Rajesh, Sharma, Jayendra, She, Jun, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shields, Chloe, Shifa, Girma Temam, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shirude, Shreya, Shishani, Kawkab, Shoman, Haitham, Siabani, Soraya, Sibai, Abla Mehio, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silberberg, Donald H, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Om Prakash, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Smith, David L, Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr H A, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soljak, Michael, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Strub, Bryan, Subart, Michelle, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick J, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylte, Dillon, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Takala, Jukka S, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tarekegn, Yihunie L, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Taylor, Hugh R, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Tesssema, Belay, Thakur, JS, Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Theadom, Alice M, Theis, Andrew M, Thomas, Katie E, Thomas, Nihal, Thompson, Robert, Thrift, Amanda G, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Touvier, Mathilde, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach Xuan, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsoi, Derrick, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tymeson, Hayley, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, van Boven, Job F M, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Veerman, Lennert J, Venkatesh, S, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Violante, Francesco S, Vishnu, Abhishek, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wadilo, Fiseha, Wakayo, Tolassa, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Williams, Hywel C, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Woodbrook, Rachel, Woolf, Anthony D, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadgir, Simon, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yihdego, Mahari Gidey, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhang, Xueying, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoeckler, Leo, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
- Subjects
1. No poverty ,3. Good health
34. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- Author
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Salama, Joseph, Miller, Ted R., Touvier, Mathilde, Ali, Raghib, Undurraga, Eduardo A., Owolabi, Mayowa O., März, Winfried, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Petzold, Max, Lotufo, Paulo A., Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Sagar, Rajesh, Varughese, Santosh, Setegn, Tesfaye, Monasta, Lorenzo, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Naldi, Luigi, Malekzadeh, Reza, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Olsen, Helen E., Popova, Svetlana, Kamal, Ritul, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Jensen, Paul N., Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Servan-Mori, Edson E., Safi, Sare, Zaidi, Zoubida, Panda, Basant Kumar, Mitchell, Philip B., Li, Yichong, Sharma, Rajesh, Estep, Kara, Barregard, Lars, Mendoza, Walter, Zodpey, Sanjay, Saxena, Sonia, Gillum, Richard F., Kieling, Christian, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Topor-Madry, Roman, Steiner, Caitlyn, Mori, Rintaro, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Carapetis, Jonathan R., Dalal, Koustuv, Deiparine, Selina, Shiri, Rahman, Nagel, Gabriele, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Mokdad, Ali H., Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Faro, André, Mohammadi, Alireza, Al-Maskari, Fatma, Violante, Francesco S., Truelsen, Thomas, O'Donnell, Martin J., Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Ärnlöv, Johan, Lozano, Rafael, Liu, Patrick Y., Amini, Erfan, Wijeratne, Tissa, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Mills, Edward J., Cameron, Ewan, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Sibai, Abla Mehio, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, De Leo, Diego, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Sposato, Luciano A., Vos, Theo, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Naghavi, Mohsen, Badawi, Alaa, Sobngwi, Eugene, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Oren, Eyal, Agrawal, Sutapa, Rahimi, Kazem, McAlinden, Colm, Foigt, Nataliya, Wakayo, Tolassa, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Ye, Pengpeng, Kabir, Zubair, Adamu, Abdu Abdullahi, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Skirbekk, Vegard, Sanabria, Juan R., Bedi, Neeraj, Agrawal, Anurag, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Lim, Stephen S., Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Casey, Daniel C., Shinohara, Yukito, Aiyar, Sneha, Asayesh, Hamid, Akseer, Nadia, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Mazidi, Mohsen, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Steiner, Timothy J., Al-Aly, Ziyad, Tollanes, Mette C., Alkerwi, Ala'a, Gibney, Katherine B., Jayaraman, Sudha P., Saadat, Soheil, Hernandez, Julio Montañez, Stein, Dan J., Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Salomon, Joshua A., Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Tandon, Nikhil, Yano, Yuichiro, Afarideh, Mohsen, Resnikoff, Serge, Thrift, Amanda G., McKee, Martin, Beghi, Ettore, Henry, Nathaniel J., Van Boven, Job F.M., Low, Nicola, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Satpathy, Maheswar, Parry, Charles D., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Fernandes, João C., Xu, Gelin, Ammar, Walid, Sykes, Bryan L., Younis, Mustafa Z., Bennett, Derrick A., Prasad, Noela M., Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, London, Stephanie J., Moraga, Paula, Rajsic, Sasa, Franklin, Richard C., Brazinova, Alexandra, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Basu, Sanjay, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Crump, John A., Mohammed, Shafiu, Steel, Nicholas, Safdarian, Mahdi, Hao, Yuantao, Barber, Ryan M., Birungi, Charles, Papachristou, Christina, Sartorius, Benn, Martopullo, Ira, Kyu, Hmwe H., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Dharmaratne, Samath D., Kim, Pauline, Kahsay, Amaha, Caso, Valeria, Godwin, William W., Ray, Sarah E., Anwari, Palwasha, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Aichour, Ibtihel, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Micha, Renata, Purcell, Carrie, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Alam, Tahiya, Shirude, Shreya, Muller, Kate, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Banerjee, Amitava, Vladimirov, Sergey K., Altirkawi, Khalid A., Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Goto, Atsushi, Murdoch, Michele E., Shrime, Mark G., Ikeda, Chad, Gold, Audra L., Hostiuc, Sorin, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Abbas, Kaja M., Chang, Jung-Chen, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Ellerstrand, Jerisha, Hoffman, Howard J., Hankey, Graeme J., Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Lan, Qing, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Reinig, Nikolas, Lalloo, Ratilal, Ganji, Morsaleh, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Shi, Peilin, Naheed, Aliya, Bensenor, Isabela M., Criqui, Michael H., Lambert, Nkurunziza, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Foreman, Kyle J., Misganaw, Awoke, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Pillay, Julian David, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Schöttker, Ben, Poulton, Richie G., Prasad, Narayan, Brugha, Traolach S., Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Leigh, James, Boufous, Soufiane, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Werdecker, Andrea, Nangia, Vinay, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Wadilo, Fiseha, Htet, Aung Soe, Cirillo, Massimo, Dicker, Daniel, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Shields, Chloe, Giussani, Giorgia, Furtado, Joao M., Djalalinia, Shirin, Kisa, Adnan, Majeed, Azeem, Allebeck, Peter, Boneya, Dube Jara, Rabiee, Rynaz H.S., Barac, Aleksandra, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Ba Saleem, Huda Omer, Reitsma, Marissa B., Khader, Yousef Saleh, Carpenter, David O., Kim, Yun Jin, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Karch, André, Gupta, Rahul, Enayati, Ahmadali, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Carabin, Hélène, Dorsey, E. Ray, Jürisson, Mikk, Moses, Mark, Takala, Jukka S., Assadi, Reza, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Erskine, Holly E., Goodridge, Amador, Alam, Khurshid, John, Denny, Subart, Michelle, Nolte, Sandra, Seedat, Soraya, Dandona, Rakhi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Kosen, Soewarta, Pa, Mahesh, Pana, Adrian, Malhotra, Rajesh, Meretoja, Atte, Berhane, Adugnaw, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Aboyans, Victor, Mueller, Ulrich O., Mekonnen, Tefera Chane, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Bhala, Neeraj, Béjot, Yannick, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Kumar, Sanjiv, Millear, Anoushka, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hay, Simon I., Thomas, Katie E., Sur, Patrick J., Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Tesssema, Belay, Lodha, Rakesh, Looker, Katharine J., Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Johnson, Catherine O., Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Ferrari, Alize J., Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Allen, Christine, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Carter, Austin, Lee, Jong-Tae, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Karam, Nadim E., Lopez, Alan D., Butt, Zahid A., Li, Yongmei, Kivimaki, Mika, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Battista, Bob, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Carvalho, Felix, Gething, Peter W., Phillips, Michael Robert, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Marczak, Laurie B., Temam Shifa, Girma, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Whiteford, Harvey A., Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Liu, Yang, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Pourmalek, Farshad, Leasher, Janet L., Deribe, Kebede, Santos, João Vasco, Alla, François, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Pinho, Christine, Dhillon, Preet Kaur, Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Negasa, Dumessa Edessa, Mathur, Manu Raj, Woodbrook, Rachel, Taveira, Nuno, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sunguya, Bruno F., Quansah, Reginald, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Zipkin, Ben, Qorbani, Mostafa, Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Haro, Josep Maria, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, She, Jun, Mehata, Suresh, Bienhoff, Kelly, Driscoll, Tim R., Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Dubey, Manisha, Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Huang, Hsiang, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Pesudovs, Konrad, McNellan, Claire, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Rafay, Anwar, Fischer, Florian, Hotez, Peter J., Naidoo, Kovin S., Osman, Majdi, Beardsley, Justin, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Khang, Young-Ho, Samy, Abdallah M., Yakob, Bereket, Paulson, Katherine, Atre, Sachin R., Hosgood, H. Dean, Dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Bourne, Rupert R.A., Khalil, Ibrahim A., Jha, Vivekanand, Kastor, Anshul, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Montico, Marcella, Updike, Rachel, Taylor, Hugh R., Roth, Gregory A., Kinfu, Yohannes, Koyanagi, Ai, Mollenkopf, Sarah K., Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Sawhney, Monika, Pigott, David M., Asgedom, Solomon W., Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Oh, In-Hwan, Zhou, Maigeng, Woolf, Anthony D., Ding, Eric L., Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Weaver, Marcia, Baune, Bernhard T., Yotebieng, Marcel, Artaman, Al, Beuran, Mircea, Plass, Dietrich, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Troeger, Christopher, Reiner, Robert C., Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Smith, David L., Keren, Andre, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Sobaih, Badr H.A., Khubchandani, Jagdish, Newton, Charles R., Kasaeian, Amir, Bhatt, Samir, Safiri, Saeid, Smith, Mari, Shirkoohi, Reza, Hu, Guoqing, Liu, Shiwei, Des Jarlais, Don C., Battle, Katherine E., Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Yip, Paul, Kan, Haidong, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Fullman, Nancy, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Liang, Xiaofeng, Geleto, Ayele, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Filip, Irina, Farzadfar, Farshad, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Sadat, Nafis, Alahdab, Fares, Sligar, Amber, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Giref, Ababi Zergay, Zhang, Xueying, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, McGaughey, Madeline, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Kawakami, Norito, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Jassal, Simerjot K., Mamun, Abdullah A., Gebre, Teshome, Kumar, Pushpendra, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Cárdenas, Rosario, Stein, Murray B., Fazeli, Mir Sohail, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Lavados, Pablo M., Opio, John Nelson, Flaxman, Abraham D., Tripathi, Suryakant, Hawley, Caitlin, Jahanmehr, Nader, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Abd-Allah, Foad, Li Kappe, Darya, Vasankari, Tommi, De Courten, Barbora, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Pearce, Neil, Tonelli, Marcello, Futran, Neal D., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Patton, George C., Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Harb, Hilda L., Radfar, Amir, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Singh, Narinder Pal, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Rezaei, Satar, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Jonas, Jost B., Santomauro, Damian, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Srinivasan, Vinay, Awasthi, Ashish, Dey, Subhojit, Kopec, Jacek A., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Morozoff, Chloe, Bell, Michelle L., Doyle, Kerrie E., Colombara, Danny, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Linn, Shai, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Memish, Ziad A., Kimokoti, Ruth W., Mensah, George A., Tsoi, Derrick, Nachega, Jean B., Castle, Chris D., Biryukov, Stan, Nichols, Emma, Mirarefin, Mojde, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Barrero, Lope H., Ronfani, Luca, Santos, Itamar S., Rankin, Zane, Ortiz, Alberto, Kim, Daniel, Bhansali, Anil, Huynh, Chantal, Lee, Paul H., Yoon, Seok-Jun, Rubagotti, Enrico, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Bikbov, Boris, Nguyen, Minh, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Shamsipour, Mansour, Hoy, Damian G., Rao, Puja C., Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Tortajada, Miguel, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Mantilla, Ana, Sylte, Dillon O., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Negoi, Ionut, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Schneider, Ione J.C., Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Krohn, Kristopher J., Stovner, Lars Jacob, Xavier, Denis, Barquera, Simon, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Dellavalle, Robert P., Abbafati, Cristiana, Park, Eun-Kee, Dandona, Lalit, Swaminathan, Soumya, Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa, Morrison, Shane D., Nong, Vuong Minh, Strub, Bryan, Silva, João Pedro, Ram, Usha, Degenhardt, Louisa, Shishani, Kawkab, Goldberg, Ellen M., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Bacha, Umar, Gupta, Vipin, Majdan, Marek, Mohanty, Sanjay K., Okoro, Anselm, Ong, Kanyin, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Manguerra, Helena, Hoek, Hans W., Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Benson, Jennifer, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Steinke, Sabine, McGrath, John J., Uthman, Olalekan A., Yadgir, Simon, Perico, Norberto, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Weintraub, Robert G., Peterson, Carrie Beth, Bärnighausen, Till, Griswold, Max, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Bumgarner, Blair R., Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. 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- Subjects
1. No poverty ,10. No inequality ,3. Good health - Abstract
As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016.
35. Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Mereta, Seid Tiku, Shahraz, Saeid, Swaminathan, Soumya, Cooper, Cyrus, Fazeli, Mir Sohail, Majeed, Azeem, Dandona, Lalit, Smith, Mari, Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Samy, Abdallah M., Faro, André, Ram, Usha, Sur, Patrick J., Bikbov, Boris, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Schwebel, David C., Franklin, Richard C., Kinfu, Yohannes, Ahmadieh, Hamid, John, Denny, Zipkin, Ben, Lazarus, Jeffrey Victor, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Sofia E Sa Farinha, Carla, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Ferrari, Alize J., Tandon, Nikhil, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Djalalinia, Shirin, Driscoll, Tim R., Geleto, Ayele, Das Neves, José, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E., Dubey, Manisha, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Steiner, Caitlyn, Yano, Yuichiro, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Silberberg, Donald H., Naheed, Aliya, McGaughey, Madeline, Aboyans, Victor, Santos, João Vasco, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Leung, Janni, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Miller, Ted R., Yadgir, Simon, Flaxman, Abraham D., Chang, Hsing-Yi, Shifa, Girma Temam, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Mirarefin, Mojde, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Breitborde, Nicholas J.K., Reiner, Robert C., DeVeber, Gabrielle A., Huynh, Chantal, Blancas, Maria Jesus Rios, Mokdad, Ali H., Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Alam, Khurshid, Schutte, Aletta E., Whiteford, Harvey A., Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Larsson, Anders, Kastor, Anshul, Manguerra, Helena, Frostad, Joseph J., Radfar, Amir, Meretoja, Atte, Farzadfar, Farshad, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Allebeck, Peter, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Lotufo, Paulo A., Avila-Burgos, Leticia, He, Jiawei, Nguyen, Grant, Amare, Azmeraw T., Musa, Kamarul Imran, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Kasaeian, Amir, Hankey, Graeme J., Beghi, Ettore, Frank, Tahvi, Lodha, Rakesh, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Thrift, Amanda G., Tao, Tianchan, Yan, Lijing L., Malhotra, Rajesh, Reinig, Nikolas, Nguyen, Minh, Goryakin, Yevgeniy, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Furtado, Joao M., Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Satpathy, Maheswar, Foigt, Nataliya, Sligar, Amber, Pigott, David M., Dargan, Paul I., Paulson, Katherine, Ye, Pengpeng, Sartorius, Benn, Holmberg, Mollie, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Roba, Kedir Teji, Zhang, Xueying, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Stokes, Mark Andrew, El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd, Smith, Alison, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Sunguya, Bruno F., Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, McKee, Martin, Enayati, Ahmadali, Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz, Lopez, Alan D., Majdan, Marek, Bilal, Arebu I., Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Mollenkopf, Sarah K., Jahanmehr, Nader, Kumar, G. Anil, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Khang, Young-Ho, Memish, Ziad A., Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Koul, Parvaiz A., Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Lansingh, Van C., Salama, Joseph, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Ding, Eric L., Pana, Adrian, Schneider, Matthew T., Park, Eun-Kee, Alsharif, Ubai, Cárdenas, Rosario, Kutz, Michael J., Santos, Itamar S., Kim, Daniel, Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Meier, Toni, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Bhansali, Anil, Shrime, Mark G., Alla, François, Kivimaki, Mika, Nong, Vuong Minh, Pourmalek, Farshad, Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Singh, Jasvinder A., Sylte, Dillon O., Bennett, Derrick A., Gupta, Tanush, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Shirkoohi, Reza, Vos, Theo, Kravchenko, Michael, Minnig, Shawn, Schneider, Ione J.C., Renzaho, Andre M.N., Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Lim, Stephen S., Linn, Shai, De Steur, Hans, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Van Donkelaar, Aaron, Bensenor, Isabela M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Asayesh, Hamid, Truelsen, Thomas, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, McGrath, John J., Dandona, Rakhi, Lozano, Rafael, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Looker, Katharine J., Horita, Nobuyuki, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Eshrati, Babak, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Resnikoff, Serge, Gibney, Katherine B., Levi, Miriam, Gupta, Vipin, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Kemmer, Laura, Soljak, Michael, Kawakami, Norito, Hostiuc, Sorin, Oren, Eyal, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Safiri, Saeid, Tran, Bach Xuan, Rafay, Anwar, Servan-Mori, Edson E., Abd-Allah, Foad, Feigl, Andrea B., Jha, Vivekanand, Tortajada, Miguel, Pillay, Julian David, Charlson, Fiona J., Thakur, Awasthi, Ashish, Carabin, Hélène, Bell, Michelle L., Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Filip, Irina, Pinho, Christine, Tarekegn, Yihunie L., Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Fullman, Nancy, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Mazidi, Mohsen, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Weiss, Daniel J., Majdzadeh, Reza, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Brauer, Michael, Birungi, Charles, Kieling, Christian, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Liu, Patrick Y., Tuem, Kald Beshir, Stein, Dan J., Nangia, Vinay, Safi, Sare, Foreman, Kyle J., Shibuya, Kenji, Perico, David Norberto, Phillips, Michael Robert, Sykes, Bryan L., Alam, Noore, De Courten, Barbora, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Deiparine, Selina, Inoue, Manami, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Esteghamati, Alireza, Li, Yongmei, Cameron, Ewan, Misganaw, Awoke, Santomauro, Damian, Shaheen, Amira, Millear, Anoushka, Karch, André, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Criqui, Michael H., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Shields, Chloe, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Smith, David L., Soneji, Samir, Sadat, Nafis, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Reidy, Patrick, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Deribe, Kebede, Szoeke, Cassandra E.I., Negoi, Ionut, Shishani, Kawkab, Yaseri, Mehdi, Kim, Yun Jin, Goodridge, Amador, Roy, Ambuj, Agrawal, Anurag, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Ammar, Walid, Hammami, Mouhanad, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Brugha, Traolach S., Shin, Min-Jeong, Nichols, Emma, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Jonas, Jost B., Roth, Gregory A., Griswold, Max, Micha, Renata, Steinke, Sabine, Fischer, Florian, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Chew, Adrienne, Mohammed, Shafiu, Arora, Megha, Kahsay, Amaha, Younis, Mustafa Z., Sagar, Rajesh, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Hosgood, H. Dean, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Woodbrook, Rachel, Wakayo, Tolassa, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tessema, Gizachew Assefa, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Werdecker, Andrea, Schwendicke, Falk, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Kamal, Ritul, Abbafati, Cristiana, Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Karema, Corine Kakizi, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Doku, David Teye, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Ebel, Beth E., Chang, Jung-Chen, Dokova, Klara, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Barrero, Lope H., Javanbakht, Mehdi, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Papachristou, Christina, Lalloo, Ratilal, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Wadilo, Fiseha, Mensink, Gert B.M., Piradov, Michael A., Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Oh, In-Hwan, Butt, Zahid A., Anwari, Palwasha, Yip, Paul, Akseer, Nadia, Saxena, Sonia, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Amini, Erfan, Zaidi, Zoubida, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Violante, Francesco S., Beardsley, Justin, Afshin, Ashkan, Panda, Basant Kumar, Huang, John J., Friedman, Joseph, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Muller, Kate, Do, Huyen Phuc, Leung, Ricky, Martopullo, Ira, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R., Bannick, Marlena S., Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Fernandes, João C., Jauregui, Alejandra, Béjot, Yannick, Yotebieng, Marcel, Sawhney, Monika, Mensah, George A., Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Cirillo, Massimo, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Malekzadeh, Reza, Koyanagi, Ai, Ong, Kanyin, Jürisson, Mikk, Arthur Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G., Bernabé, Eduardo, Basu, Sanjay, Safdarian, Mahdi, Topor-Madry, Roman, Carter, Austin, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Casey, Daniel C., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Mamun, Abdullah A., Alasfoor, Deena, Abbas, Kaja M., Battle, Katherine E., Mishra, Shiva Raj, Troeger, Christopher, Blosser, Christopher D., Singh, Virendra, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Gething, Peter W., Gona, Philimon N., Gill, Paramjit Singh, Silva, João Pedro, Davitoiu, Dragos V., Sobngwi, Eugene, Schöttker, Ben, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Hay, Simon I., Khalil, Ibrahim A., McAlinden, Colm, Dorsey, E. Ray, Naidoo, Kovin S., Montico, Marcella, Hoek, Hans W., Johnson, Catherine O., Hsairi, Mohamed, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Henry, Nathaniel J., Weichenthal, Scott, Poulton, Richie G., Vladimirov, Sergey K., Kimokoti, Ruth W., Torre, Anna, Htet, Aung Soe, Olivares, Pedro R., Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Boneya, Dube Jara, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Rawaf, Salman, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Bärnighausen, Till, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Ortiz, Alberto, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Hendrie, Delia, Mitchell, Philip B., Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Sobaih, Badr H.A., Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, She, Jun, Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Sharma, Jayendra, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Reitsma, Marissa B., Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Seedat, Soraya, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Shiri, Rahman, Aiyar, Sneha, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Sposato, Luciano A., Bacha, Umar, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Rao, Puja C., Khosravi, Ardeshir, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Godwin, William W., Kopec, Jacek A., Mueller, Ulrich O., Gillum, Richard F., Shi, Peilin, Berhane, Adugnaw, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Morawska, Lidia, Mohan, Murali B.V., Yakob, Bereket, Bhatt, Samir, Sharma, Rajesh, Tsoi, Derrick, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Nomura, Marika, Glenn, Scott D., Barber, Ryan M., Shirude, Shreya, Feigin, Valery L., Strub, Bryan, Weintraub, Robert G., Crump, John A., Atre, Sachin R., Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Baune, Bernhard T., Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Mathur, Manu Raj, Cercy, Kelly, Marks, Guy B., Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Xu, Gelin, Pishgar, Farhad, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Bose, Dipan, Giussani, Giorgia, Srinivasan, Vinay, Olsen, Helen E., Gupta, Rajeev, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Rajsic, Sasa, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Kabir, Zubair, Qorbani, Mostafa, Kim, Jun Y., Goldberg, Ellen M., Moraga, Paula, Westerman, Ronny, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Hawley, Caitlin, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Beuran, Mircea, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Leigh, James, Ansari, Hossein, Monasta, Lorenzo, Huang, Hsiang, Lorkowski, Stefan, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Shamsipour, Mansour, Varughese, Santosh, Patton, George C., Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Agrawal, Sutapa, Erskine, Holly E., Maddison, Emilie R., Petzold, Max, Xavier, Denis, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Rojas-Rueda, David, Rubagotti, Enrico, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Mackay, Mark T., Naghavi, Mohsen, Artaman, Al, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wallin, Mitchell T., Liu, Shiwei, Mehata, Suresh, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Sorensen, Reed J.D., Biryukov, Stan, Salomon, Joshua A., Lee, Paul H., Shigematsu, Mika, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Saylan, Mete I., Aichour, Ibtihel, Kyu, Hmwe H., Ikeda, Chad, Martin, Randall V., Krohn, Kristopher J., Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Bedi, Neeraj, Zodpey, Sanjay, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Cromwell, Elizabeth A., Kadel, Rajendra, Mapoma, Chabila C., Morrison, Shane D., Rahman, Mahfuzar, Vasankari, Tommi, Azzopardi, Peter, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Kosen, Soewarta, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Vollset, Stein Emil, Fürst, Thomas, Pesudovs, Konrad, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Shoman, Haitham, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Degenhardt, Louisa, Pereira, David M., Badawi, Alaa, Taveira, Nuno, Norheim, Ole F., El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Kisa, Adnan, Rezaei, Satar, Estep, Kara, Bennett, James R., Uthman, Olalekan A., Mendoza, Walter, Hoy, Damian G., Harb, Hilda L., Barac, Aleksandra, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Christensen, Hanne, Lucas, Timothy C.D., Assadi, Reza, Allen, Christine, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Van Boven, Job F.M., Moses, Mark W., Mahesh, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murray, Christopher J.L., and Updike, Rachel
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1. No poverty ,10. No inequality ,3. Good health - Abstract
The UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of “leaving no one behind”. Understanding today’s gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 health-related SDG indicators over the period 1990–2016 for 188 countries, and then on the basis of these past trends, we projected indicators to 2030.
36. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Estep, Kara, Petzold, Max, Negoi, Ionut, Horino, Masako, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Agrawal, Anurag, Takala, Jukka S., Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Malekzadeh, Reza, Panda, Basant Kumar, Farzadfar, Farshad, Nichols, Emma, Hoy, Damian G., Mehata, Suresh, Maddison, Emilie R., Tsoi, Derrick, Awasthi, Ashish, Asayesh, Hamid, Montico, Marcella, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Criqui, Michael H., Pakhale, Smita, Vasankari, Tommi, Ermakov, Sergey P., Yotebieng, Marcel, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dey, Subhojit, Gupta, Tanush, Nachega, Jean B., Millear, Anoushka, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Fullman, Nancy, Tortajada, Miguel, Paulson, Katherine, Leigh, James, Kumar, Pushpendra, Santos, Itamar S., Karimi, Seyed M., Shirude, Shreya, Ding, Eric L., Roth, Gregory A., Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Mahesh, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Majeed, Azeem, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Updike, Rachel, Jayaraman, Sudha P., Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Postma, Maarten J., Nangia, Vinay, Henry, Nathaniel J., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Van Boven, Job F.M., Dandona, Rakhi, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Dandona, Lalit, Beuran, Mircea, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lotufo, Paulo A., Troeger, Christopher, Cowie, Benjamin C., Arora, Megha, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Topor-Madry, Roman, Salama, Joseph, Murray, Christopher J.L., Ciobanu, Liliana G., Liu, Yang, Molokhia, Mariam, Wallin, Mitchell T., Kivimaki, Mika, Rehm, Jürgen, Gold, Audra L., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Echko, Michelle, Taveira, Nuno, Meier, Toni, Alam, Khurshid, Gillum, Richard F., Roshandel, Gholamreza, Andersen, Hjalte H., Bensenor, Isabela M., Mountjoy-Venning, Clif, Papachristou, Christina, Barboza, Miguel A., Singh, Abhishek, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Hankey, Graeme J., Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Sartorius, Benn, Koyanagi, Ai, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Deiparine, Selina, Mohammadi, Alireza, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Bumgarner, Blair R., Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Lozano, Rafael, McGaughey, Madeline, Charlson, Fiona J., Kim, Daniel, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Subart, Michelle, Morozof, Chloe, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Undurraga, Eduardo A., Javanbakht, Mehdi, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Mooney, Meghan D., Kemmer, Laura, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Fischer, Florian, Plass, Dietrich, Cirillo, Massimo, Kosen, Soewarta, Zaidi, Zoubida, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Okoro, Anselm, Salomon, Joshua A., Ikeda, Chad, Liu, Patrick Y., Yaseri, Mehdi, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Aboyans, Victor, He, Fei, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Car, Josip, Carter, Austin, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Cárdenas, Rosario, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Majdzadeh, Reza, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Kinfu, Yohannes, Davletov, Kairat, Asgedom, Solomon W., Xiao, Qingyang, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Aiyar, Sneha, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Radfar, Amir, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Shiri, Rahman, Sadat, Nafs, Thompson, Alex H., Zhang, Xueying, Pereira, David M., Dicker, Daniel, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Silpakit, Naris, Filip, Irina, Ma, Stefan, Markos, Desalegn, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Westerman, Ronny, Strub, Bryan, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Sorensen, Reed J.D., Nong, Vuong Minh, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Shi, Peilin, Smith, David L., Kimokoti, Ruth W., Smith, Alison, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Faro, André, Weiss, Daniel J., Lan, Qing, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Barrero, Lope H., Gething, Peter W., Colombara, Danny, Johnson, Catherine O., Barquera, Simon, Alkaabi, Juma M., Deribew, Amare, Godwin, William W., Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Zodpey, Sanjay, Bell, Michelle L., Ärnlöv, Johan, Hammami, Mouhanad, Malhotra, Rajesh, Dargan, Paul I., Ammar, Walid, Santomauro, Damian, Bedi, Neeraj, Meretoja, Atte, Bennett, James R., Baune, Bernhard T., Alam, Noore, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Beghi, Ettore, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Furtado, Joao M., Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Lim, Stephen S., Kulikof, Xie Rachel, Finegold, Samuel, Lorkowski, Stefan, Naldi, Luigi, Kissoon, Niranjan, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Bikbov, Boris, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Steinke, Sabine, Naheed, Aliya, Shrime, Mark G., Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Mapoma, Chabila C., Schmidt, Maria Inês, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Barac, Aleksandra, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Frank, Tahvi, Kasaeian, Amir, Memish, Ziad A., Milicevic, Milena M. Santric, Swaminathan, Soumya, Weintraub, Robert G., Sharma, Jayendra, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Gupta, Rajeev, Hay, Simon I., Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Fraser, Maya, Leung, Janni, Fernandes, João C, Purcell, Caroline, Enayati, Ahmadali, Perico, Norberto, Wakayo, Tolassa, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, John, Denny, Cameron, Ewan, Strong, Mark, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Schutte, Aletta E., Alam, Tahiya, Whiteford, Harvey A., Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rafay, Anwar, Lambert, Tea Lallukka Nkurunziza, Djalalinia, Shirin, Hoek, Hans W., Esteghamati, Alireza, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Thrift, Amanda G., Kawakami, Norito, Vos, Theo, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Fürst, Thomas, Jha, Vivekanand, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Nasher, Jamal T., Gebremichael, Delelegn Yilma, Muller, Kate, Kyu, Hmwe H., Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Sharma, Rajesh, Sur, Patrick J., Manguerra, Helena, Soneji, Samir, Lee, Paul H., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Lalloo, Ratilal, Hotez, Peter J., Amini, Erfan, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Pervaiz, Aslam, Osman, Majdi, Pletcher, Martin A., Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Sufyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Liu, Angela, Erskine, Holly E., Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Ansari, Hossein, Anwari, Palwasha, Cooper, Cyrus, Gupta, Vipin, Morawska, Lidia, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Schneider, Ione J.C., Sagar, Rajesh, Androudi, Sofa, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Srinivasan, Vinay, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Bourne, Rupert R.A., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Pigott, David M., Horita, Nobuyuki, Abbas, Kaja M., Karimkhani, Chante, Goldberg, Ellen M., Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Kappe, Darya Li, Ray, Sarah E., Flaxman, Abraham D., Alsharif, Ubai, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Bisanzio, Donal, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Shahraz, Saeid, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Schwebel, David C., Jonas, Songhomitra, Das Neves, José, Abd-Allah, Foad, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Sligar, Amber, Shiue, Ivy, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Harb, Hilda L., Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Alla, François, Reiner, Robert C., Kievlan, Daniel, Marczak, Laurie B., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., De Courten, Barbora, Qorbani, Mostafa, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Karch, André, Salamati, Payman, Safiri, Saeid, Whetter, Brian, Takahashi, Ken, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kim, Yun Jin, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Wijeratne, Tissa, Levi, Miriam, Saadat, Soheil, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Hostiuc, Sorin, Zipkin, Ben, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Gona, Philimon N., Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Ronfani, Luca, Abbafati, Cristiana, Ali, Syed Danish, Xu, Gelin, McAlinden, Colm, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Liang, Xiaofeng, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Kabir, Zubair, Jonas, Jost B., Patton, George C., Pana, Adrian, Sykes, Bryan L., Shigematsu, Mika, Handal, Alexis J., Abera, Semaw Ferede, Nguyen, Minh, Yakob, Bereket, Patten, Scott B., Shackelford, Katya Anne, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Shey, Muki, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Ferrari, Alize J., Allebeck, Peter, Younis, Mustafa Z., Moraga, Paula, Mirarefn, Mojde, Sobaih, Badr H.A., Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Towbin, Jefrey Allen, Uthman, Olalekan A., Jürisson, Mikk, Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy, Ota, Erika, Rath, Goura Kishor, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Deribe, Kebede, Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Gouda, Hebe N., Cohen, Aaron J., Naghavi, Mohsen, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Herteliu, Claudiu, Thomas, Katie E., Hamidi, Samer, Martopullo, Ira, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Doku, David Teye, She, Jun, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Li, Yongmei, Rankin, Zane, Tran, Bach Xuan, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Torre, Anna, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Casey, Daniel C., Gupta, Prakash C., Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alahdab, Fares, Berhane, Adugnaw, Larsson, Anders, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Foigt, Nataliya, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Xavier, Denis, Barregard, Lars, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Giussani, Giorgia, Koul, Parvaiz A., Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Soriano, Joan B., Oh, In-Hwan, Werdecker, Andrea, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Griswold, Max, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Dubey, Manisha, Sachdev, Perminder S., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Safdarian, Mahdi, Rao, Puja C., Kahsay, Amaha, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Kumar, G. Anil, Morrison, Shane D., Monasta, Lorenzo, Haagsma, Juanita A., Truelsen, Thomas, Saf, Sare, Artaman, Al, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Shields, Chloe, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Bienhof, Kelly, Ortiz, Alberto, Phillips, Michael Robert, Yano, Yuichiro, Hao, Yuantao, Kieling, Christian, Hancock, Jamie, Oren, Eyal, Shoman, Haitham, Pacella, Rosana E., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Polinder, Suzanne, Pinho, Christine, Steiner, Caitlyn, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Vollset, Stein Emil, Schwendicke, Falk, Zegeye, Elias Asfaw, Anber, Nahla, Kadel, Rajendra, Hedayati, Mohammad T., Memiah, Peter, Gebre, Teshome, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Shamsipour, Mansour, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Béjot, Yannick, Huynh, Chantal, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Lopez, Alan D., Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Sunguya, Bruno F., Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Pourmalek, Farshad, Paudel, Deepak, Miller, Ted R., Davitoiu, Dragos V., Lucas, Timothy C.D., Rezaei, Satar, Minnig, Shawn, Driscoll, Tim R., Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Thakur, Lodha, Rakesh, Hosgood, H. Dean, Schulhofer-Wohl, Sam, Kamal, Ritul, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Rawaf, Salman, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Bernabé, Eduardo, Mola, Glen Liddell D., Stein, Dan J., Bhatt, Samir, Steel, Nicholas, Smith, Mari, Rizwan, Bacha, Umar, Park, Eun-Kee, Hernandez, Julio C. Montañez, Woodbrook, Rachel, McGrath, John J., Stanaway, Jefrey D., Afshin, Ashkan, Sa Farinha, Carla Sofae, Butt, Zahid A., Lansingh, Van C., Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Kopec, Jacek A., Aichour, Ibtihel, Zhang, Anthony Lin, Nguyen, Grant, Thomson, Alan J., Breitborde, Nicholas J.K., Khang, Young-Ho, Olsen, Helen E., Feigin, Valery L., Silva, João Pedro, Amare, Azmeraw T., Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Kutz, Michael, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Mokdad, Ali H., Giroud, Maurice, Singh, Jasvinder A., Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Violante, Francesco S., Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Mollenkopf, Sarah K., Reitsma, Marissa B., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Allen, Christine, Samy, Abdallah M., Majdan, Marek, Mensah, George A., Mohammed, Shafu, Ahmadi, Alireza, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfh Abdullah, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, and Do, Huyen Phuc
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2. Zero hunger ,3. Good health - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Monitoring levels and trends in premature mortality is crucial to understanding how societies can address prominent sources of early death. The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 264 causes in 195 locations from 1980 to 2016. This assessment includes evaluation of the expected epidemiological transition with changes in development and where local patterns deviate from these trends. METHODS: We estimated cause-specific deaths and years of life lost (YLLs) by age, sex, geography, and year. YLLs were calculated from the sum of each death multiplied by the standard life expectancy at each age. We used the GBD cause of death database composed of: vital registration (VR) data corrected for under-registration and garbage coding; national and subnational verbal autopsy (VA) studies corrected for garbage coding; and other sources including surveys and surveillance systems for specific causes such as maternal mortality. To facilitate assessment of quality, we reported on the fraction of deaths assigned to GBD Level 1 or Level 2 causes that cannot be underlying causes of death (major garbage codes) by location and year. Based on completeness, garbage coding, cause list detail, and time periods covered, we provided an overall data quality rating for each location with scores ranging from 0 stars (worst) to 5 stars (best). We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to generate estimates for each location, year, age, and sex. We assessed observed and expected levels and trends of cause-specific deaths in relation to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator derived from measures of average income per capita, educational attainment, and total fertility, with locations grouped into quintiles by SDI. Relative to GBD 2015, we expanded the GBD cause hierarchy by 18 causes of death for GBD 2016. FINDINGS: The quality of available data varied by location. Data quality in 25 countries rated in the highest category (5 stars), while 48, 30, 21, and 44 countries were rated at each of the succeeding data quality levels. Vital registration or verbal autopsy data were not available in 27 countries, resulting in the assignment of a zero value for data quality. Deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represented 72·3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 71·2-73·2) of deaths in 2016 with 19·3% (18·5-20·4) of deaths in that year occurring from communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases and a further 8·43% (8·00-8·67) from injuries. Although age-standardised rates of death from NCDs decreased globally between 2006 and 2016, total numbers of these deaths increased; both numbers and age-standardised rates of death from CMNN causes decreased in the decade 2006-16-age-standardised rates of deaths from injuries decreased but total numbers varied little. In 2016, the three leading global causes of death in children under-5 were lower respiratory infections, neonatal preterm birth complications, and neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma, combined resulting in 1·80 million deaths (95% UI 1·59 million to 1·89 million). Between 1990 and 2016, a profound shift toward deaths at older ages occurred with a 178% (95% UI 176-181) increase in deaths in ages 90-94 years and a 210% (208-212) increase in deaths older than age 95 years. The ten leading causes by rates of age-standardised YLL significantly decreased from 2006 to 2016 (median annualised rate of change was a decrease of 2·89%); the median annualised rate of change for all other causes was lower (a decrease of 1·59%) during the same interval. Globally, the five leading causes of total YLLs in 2016 were cardiovascular diseases; diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and other common infectious diseases; neoplasms; neonatal disorders; and HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. At a finer level of disaggregation within cause groupings, the ten leading causes of total YLLs in 2016 were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, lower respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, road injuries, malaria, neonatal preterm birth complications, HIV/AIDS, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma. Ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of total YLLs in 113 countries for men and 97 countries for women. Comparisons of observed levels of YLLs by countries, relative to the level of YLLs expected on the basis of SDI alone, highlighted distinct regional patterns including the greater than expected level of YLLs from malaria and from HIV/AIDS across sub-Saharan Africa; diabetes mellitus, especially in Oceania; interpersonal violence, notably within Latin America and the Caribbean; and cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, particularly in eastern and central Europe. The level of YLLs from ischaemic heart disease was less than expected in 117 of 195 locations
37. Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Stöckl, Heidi, Anwari, Palwasha, Agrawal, Sutapa, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Kim, Daniel, Graetz, Nicholas, Ali, Raghib, Jonas, Jost B., Gibney, Katherine B., Coresh, Josef, Kaul, Anil, Majdzadeh, Reza, Franklin, Richard C., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Silva, João Pedro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Kuipers, Ernst J., Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Massano, João, Saxena, Sonia, Yip, Paul, Majdan, Marek, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Castillo Rivas, Jacqueline, Gankpé, Fortuné Gbètoho, Kadel, Rajendra, Soriano, Joan B., Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Karch, André, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Esteghamati, Alireza, Pourmalek, Farshad, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Das Neves, José, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Baune, Bernhard T., Mazidi, Mohsen, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gillum, Richard F., Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Silberberg, Donald H., Kishawi, Sami, Rawaf, Salman, Resnikoff, Serge, Allebeck, Peter, Bärnighausen, Till, Bennett, James R., Tarajia, Musharaf, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Barregard, Lars, Cirillo, Massimo, Alahdab, Fares, McGrath, John J., Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Petri, William Arthur, Lachat, Carl, Sagar, Rajesh, Zeeb, Hajo, Alsharif, Ubai, Deribew, Amare, Herteliu, Claudiu, Xu, Gelin, Patel, Tejas, Ding, Eric L., Shibuya, Kenji, Davey, Gail, Misganaw, Awoke, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Schwendicke, Falk, Barrero, Lope H., Mekonnen, Tefera Chane, Leigh, James, Lee, Paul H., Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Bell, Michelle L., Car, Josip, Balalla, Shivanthi, Pishgar, Farhad, Kastor, Anshul, Feigin, Valery L., Dubey, Manisha, Uthman, Olalekan A., Gupta, Rajeev, Alkaabi, Juma M., Nachega, Jean B., Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Sharma, Jayendra, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Lipshultz, Steven E., Bhala, Neeraj, Mohammadi, Alireza, Menon, Geetha R., Sobaih, Badr H.A., Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Kamal, Ritul, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Vollset, Stein Emil, Barac, Aleksandra, Vasankari, Tommi, Lorch, Scott A., Meier, Toni, Vladimirov, Sergey K., Rubagotti, Enrico, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Horita, Nobuyuki, Polinder, Suzanne, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales, Kim, Pauline, Bisanzio, Donal, Dandona, Rakhi, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Lansingh, Van C., Larsson, Anders, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Mooney, Meghan D., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Laryea, Dennis Odai, Deribe, Kebede, Shigematsu, Mika, Jensen, Paul N., Brenner, Hermann, Nong, Vuong Minh, Nagel, Gabriele, Gambashidze, Ketevan, Stein, Dan J., Gona, Philimon N., Htet, Aung Soe, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Dandona, Lalit, Shiue, Ivy, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Haghparast Bidgoli, Hassan, Bumgarner, Blair Randal, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Okoro, Anselm, Frank, Tahvi, Irvine, Caleb M.S., Asayesh, Hamid, Mackay, Mark T., Kahsay, Amaha, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Mokdad, Ali H., Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Park, Eun-Kee, Pereira, David M., Satpathy, Maheswar, Yan, Lijing L., Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Islam, Nazrul, Djalalinia, Shirin, Donnelly, Christl Ann, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Topor-Madry, Roman, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Bacha, Umar, Rajsic, Sasa, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Varughese, Santosh, Alla, François, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Kabir, Zubair, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Afshin, Ashkan, Lodha, Rakesh, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Lotufo, Paulo A., Endries, Aman Yesuf, Nomura, Marika, Gupta, Vipin, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Ameh, Emmanuel A., Swaminathan, Soumya, Popova, Svetlana, Krohn, Kristopher J., Anber, Nahla, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Seid, Abdulbasit Musa, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Thomson, Alan J., Rezaei, Satar, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Carpenter, David O., Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Sur, Patrick J., Mohammed, Kedir Endris, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Farzadfar, Farshad, Aichour, Ibthiel, Hammami, Mouhanad, Gemechu, Kasiye Shiferaw, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Hao, Yuantao, Dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Nguyen, Grant, Hostiuc, Sorin, Sligar, Amber, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Safdarian, Mahdi, Brazinova, Alexandra, Rabiee, Rynaz H.S., Sahathevan, Ramesh, Cromwell, Elizabeth A., Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Perico, Norberto, Renzaho, Andre M.N.N., Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rana, Saleem M., Bensenor, Isabela M., Pervaiz, Aslam, Ronfani, Luca, Weintraub, Robert G., Zhang, Anthony Lin, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Strong, Mark, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Kissoon, Niranjan, Mills, Edward J., Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Li, Yongmei, Mehta, Kala M., Thrift, Amanda G., Moore, Ami R., Driscoll, Tim R., Poulton, Richie G., Yalew, Ayalnesh Zemene, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Castro, Franz F., Yotebieng, Marcel, Pakhale, Smita, Kulkarni, Veena S., Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Machado, Isis Eloah, Malekzadeh, Reza, Silpakit, Naris, Hosgood, H. Dean, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Marczak, Laurie B., Gebrekidan, Kahsu Gebrekirstos, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Foreman, Kyle J., Hamidi, Samer, Pana, Adrian, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Zodpey, Sanjay, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Estep, Kara, Ketema, Ezra Belay, Mirarefin, Mojde, Karimi, Seyed M., Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Akanda, Ali Shafqat, Murthy, Srinivas, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A., Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Micha, Renata, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Meretoja, Atte, Amare, Azmeraw T., Piel, Frédéric B., Norrving, Bo, Wang, Haidong, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Leung, Ricky, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Levi, Miriam, Undurraga, Eduardo A., Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Allam, Shalini D., Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Tadese, Fentaw, Soneji, Samir, Weichenthal, Scott, Doku, David Teye, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Varakin, Yuri Y., Deiparine, Selina, Barquera, Simon, Mahesh, Foigt, Nataliya, Saylan, Mete I., Shiri, Rahman, Van Boven, Job F.M., Des Jarlais, Don C., Dwivedi, Laxmi Kant, Gupta, Tanush, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Dherani, Mukesh K., Lalloo, Ratilal, Artaman, Al, Davletov, Kairat, Kutz, Michael, Mollenkopf, Sarah K., Haagsma, Juanita A., Salamati, Payman, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, De Courten, Barbora, Wilkinson, James D., Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Assadi, Reza, Sunguya, Bruno F., Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Schneider, Ione J.C., Oh, In-Hwan, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Nangia, Vinay, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Cahill, Leah E., Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Bourne, Rupert R.A., Tesema, Cheru Leshargie, Mullany, Erin, Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Aljunid, Syed M., Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Fürst, Thomas, Davitoiu, Dragos V., Montico, Marcella, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Hay, Simon I., Hoek, Hans W., Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Cárdenas, Rosario, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Liao, Yu, Ota, Erika, Hay, Roderick J., Leung, Janni, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Boufous, Soufiane, Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Khera, Sahil, Smith, David L., Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Mehata, Suresh, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Patton, George C., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Mohanty, Sanjay K., Temam Shifa, Girma, Ye, Pengpeng, Oren, Eyal, Plass, Dietrich, Mohan, Murali B.V., Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Khan, Gulfaraz, Degenhardt, Louisa, Frostad, Joseph J., Alam, Khurshid, Nagata, Chie, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Filip, Irina, Radfar, Amir, Dellavalle, Robert P., Kopec, Jacek A., Hotez, Peter J., Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, McAlinden, Colm, Waid, Jillian L., Majeed, Azeem, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Morrison, Shane D., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Singh, Abhishek, Amini, Erfan, Criqui, Michael H., Singh, Prashant Kumar, Topouzis, Fotis, Shetty, Balakrishna P., Kieling, Christian, Boneya, Dube Jara, Bennett, Derrick A., Meretoja, Tuomo J., Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Zaidi, Zoubida, Petzold, Max, Abbafati, Cristiana, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Maulik, Pallab K., Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Lim, Stephen S., Jha, Vivekanand, Mendoza, Walter, Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, Singh, Jasvinder A., Sharma, Rajesh, Harb, Hilda L., Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Salama, Joseph, Kivimaki, Mika, Lagat, Abraham K., Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Dargan, Paul I., Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Alam, Noore, Lan, Qing, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Biryukov, Stan, Purwar, Manorama, Younis, Mustafa Z., Workie, Shimelash Bitew, Qorbani, Mostafa, Fernandes, Jefferson G., Androudi, Sofia, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Carter, Austin, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Wijeratne, Tissa, Lorkowski, Stefan, Inoue, Manami, Kan, Haidong, Gupta, Prakash C., Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beuran, Mircea, Shen, Jiabin, Keren, Andre, Arora, Megha, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Futran, Neal D., Gebremichael, Mengistu Welday, Shaheen, Amira, Mensah, George A., Safi, Sare, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Bernabé, Eduardo, Sindi, Shireen, Bukhman, Gene, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Moraga, Paula, Seedat, Soraya, Schwebel, David C., Asghar, Rana Jawad, Steiner, Caitlyn, Shamsipour, Mansour, Jahanmehr, Nader, Kravchenko, Michael, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Akinyemiju, Tomi F., Hilawe, Esayas Haregot, Faro, André, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Singh, Virendra, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O., Kumar, G. Anil, Phillips, Michael Robert, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Monasta, Lorenzo, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Bjerregaard, Peter, Negoi, Ionut, Moreno Velasquez, Ilais, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Kumsa, Fekede Asefa, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Fernandes, João C., Brugha, Traolach S., Hoy, Damian G., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Panda, Basant Kumar, Minnig, Shawn, Safiri, Saeid, Rego, Maria Albertina Santiago, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Oyekale, Abayomi Samuel, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Bhansali, Anil, Gething, Peter W., Barber, Ryan M., Zhang, Xueying, Kim, Yun Jin, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Samy, Abdallah M., Bedi, Neeraj, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Kosen, Soewarta, Mapoma, Chabila C., Agrawal, Anurag, Ortiz, Alberto, Burch, Michael, Barboza, Miguel A., Naidoo, Kovin S., McGarvey, Stephen Theodore, Sachdev, Perminder S., Aldridge, Robert William, Awasthi, Ashish, Lambert, Nkurunziza, Mori, Rintaro, Tran, Bach Xuan, Reiner, Robert C., Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Thomas, Nihal, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Prasad, Narayan, Ram, Usha, Yano, Yuichiro, Roth, Gregory A., Miller, Ted R., Thompson, Alex H., Badawi, Alaa, Malhotra, Rajesh, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Jaenisch, Thomas, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Rehm, Jürgen, Salomon, Joshua A., Theis, Andrew, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E., Lavados, Pablo M., Pesudovs, Konrad, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Saadat, Soheil, Ansari, Hossein, Alasfoor, Deena, Furtado, Joao M., Butt, Zahid A., Aggarwal, Rakesh, Haro, Josep Maria, Tesssema, Belay, Paudel, Deepak, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Birungi, Charles, Santos, Itamar S., Yakob, Bereket, Sartorius, Benn, Vishnu, Abhishek, Koyanagi, Ai, El Bcheraoui, Charbel, Shahraz, Saeid, Nanda, Lipika, Beghi, Ettore, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Tuem, Kald Beshir, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Do, Huyen Phuc, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Vos, Theo, Peterson, Carrie Beth, Rafay, Anwar, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Hancock, Jamie, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Abd-Allah, Foad, McKee, Martin, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Giussani, Giorgia, Linn, Shai, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Xavier, Denis, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Dixit, Priyanka, Akseer, Nadia, Murray, Christopher J.L., Gelaye, Amha Admasie, Duan, Leilei, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Girma, Bedilu Weji, Sadat, Nafis, Laxmaiah, Avula, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Larson, Heidi J., Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Fullman, Nancy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Werdecker, Andrea, Tanne, David, Molokhia, Mariam, De Leo, Diego, John, Oommen, Halasa, Yara A., Kim, Cho-Il, Kereselidze, Maia, Eshrati, Babak, Berhane, Adugnaw, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lozano, Rafael, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Gomez, Beatriz, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Kumar, Pushpendra, John, Denny, Hsairi, Mohamed, Marks, Guy B., Khader, Yousef Saleh, Koul, Parvaiz A., Khang, Young-Ho, Servan-Mori, Edson E., Goenka, Shifalika, Patten, Scott B., Farvid, Maryam S., Fischer, Florian, Benson, Jennifer, Blosser, Christopher D., Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Wesana, Joshua, Steel, Nicholas, Alabed, Samer, Ärnlöv, Johan, Kawakami, Norito, Memish, Ziad A., Huang, John J., Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Fraser, Maya, Violante, Francesco S., Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, O'Donnell, Martin J., Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Jürisson, Mikk, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Molla Assaye, Ashagre, Mohammed, Shafiu, Ma, Stefan, Friedman, Joseph, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Lyons, Ronan A., Sawhney, Monika, Bello, Aminu K., Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Gupta, Rahul, Bikbov, Boris, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Yoon, Seok-Jun, Alhabib, Samia, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Dey, Subhojit, Yaseri, Mehdi, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Postma, Maarten J., Shi, Peilin, Aiyar, Sneha, Pacella, Rosana E., Hankey, Graeme J., Sykes, Bryan L., Kengne, Andre Pascal, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mayosi, Bongani M., Lopez, Alan D., Kasaeian, Amir, Handal, Alexis J., Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Eshetie, Setegn, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Mueller, Ulrich O., Tortajada, Miguel, Schutte, Aletta E., Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Szoeke, Cassandra E.I., Mishra, Shiva Raj, Breitborde, Nicholas J.K., Abera, Semaw Ferede, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Car, Mate, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Diaz-Torné, Cesar, Hakuzimana, Alex, Shrime, Mark G., Taveira, Nuno, Trujillo, Ulises, Sobngwi, Eugene, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Béjot, Yannick, Tonelli, Marcello, Christensen, Hanne, Truelsen, Thomas, Morawska, Lidia, Kim, Sungroul, Ray, Sarah E., Tandon, Nikhil, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Mikesell, Joseph, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Muller, Kate, Jin, Ye, Ammar, Walid, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Colquhoun, Samantha M., Altirkawi, Khalid A., Crump, John A., Hu, Guoqing, Roy, Ambuj, Abbas, Kaja M., Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Wakayo, Tolassa, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Huang, Hsiang, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Norheim, Ole F., Kinfu, Yohannes, Gakidou, Emmanuela, He, Fei, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Srinivasan, Vinay, Enayati, Ahmadali, Memiah, Peter, Pigott, David M., Atre, Sachin R., Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Chen, Honglei, Cohen, Aaron J., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Liu, Shiwei, and She, Jun
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1. No poverty ,3. Good health - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality between 1970 and 2016 for 195 countries and territories and at the subnational level for the five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016. METHODS: We have evaluated how well civil registration systems captured deaths using a set of demographic methods called death distribution methods for adults and from consideration of survey and census data for children younger than 5 years. We generated an overall assessment of completeness of registration of deaths by dividing registered deaths in each location-year by our estimate of all-age deaths generated from our overall estimation process. For 163 locations, including subnational units in countries with a population greater than 200 million with complete vital registration (VR) systems, our estimates were largely driven by the observed data, with corrections for small fluctuations in numbers and estimation for recent years where there were lags in data reporting (lags were variable by location, generally between 1 year and 6 years). For other locations, we took advantage of different data sources available to measure under-5 mortality rates (U5MR) using complete birth histories, summary birth histories, and incomplete VR with adjustments; we measured adult mortality rate (the probability of death in individuals aged 15-60 years) using adjusted incomplete VR, sibling histories, and household death recall. We used the U5MR and adult mortality rate, together with crude death rate due to HIV in the GBD model life table system, to estimate age-specific and sex-specific death rates for each location-year. Using various international databases, we identified fatal discontinuities, which we defined as increases in the death rate of more than one death per million, resulting from conflict and terrorism, natural disasters, major transport or technological accidents, and a subset of epidemic infectious diseases; these were added to estimates in the relevant years. In 47 countries with an identified peak adult prevalence for HIV/AIDS of more than 0·5% and where VR systems were less than 65% complete, we informed our estimates of age-sex-specific mortality using the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP)-Spectrum model fitted to national HIV/AIDS prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance systems. We estimated stillbirths, early neonatal, late neonatal, and childhood mortality using both survey and VR data in spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression models. We estimated abridged life tables for all location-years using age-specific death rates. We grouped locations into development quintiles based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and analysed mortality trends by quintile. Using spline regression, we estimated the expected mortality rate for each age-sex group as a function of SDI. We identified countries with higher life expectancy than expected by comparing observed life expectancy to anticipated life expectancy on the basis of development status alone. FINDINGS: Completeness in the registration of deaths increased from 28% in 1970 to a peak of 45% in 2013; completeness was lower after 2013 because of lags in reporting. Total deaths in children younger than 5 years decreased from 1970 to 2016, and slower decreases occurred at ages 5-24 years. By contrast, numbers of adult deaths increased in each 5-year age bracket above the age of 25 years. The distribution of annualised rates of change in age-specific mortality rate differed over the period 2000 to 2016 compared with earlier decades: increasing annualised rates of change were less frequent, although rising annualised rates of change still occurred in some locations, particularly for adolescent and younger adult age groups. Rates of stillbirths and under-5 mortality both decreased globally from 1970. Evidence for global convergence of death rates was mixed; although the absolute difference between age-standardised death rates narrowed between countries at the lowest and highest levels of SDI, the ratio of these death rates-a measure of relative inequality-increased slightly. There was a strong shift between 1970 and 2016 toward higher life expectancy, most noticeably at higher levels of SDI. Among countries with populations greater than 1 million in 2016, life expectancy at birth was highest for women in Japan, at 86·9 years (95% UI 86·7-87·2), and for men in Singapore, at 81·3 years (78·8-83·7) in 2016. Male life expectancy was generally lower than female life expectancy between 1970 and 2016, and
38. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Nguyen, Grant, Alahdab, Fares, Yu, Chuanhua, Jassal, Simerjot K., Mori, Rintaro, Sylte, Dillon, Foreman, Kyle J., Hankey, Graeme J., Goenka, Shifalika, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Li, Yichong, Olsen, Helen E., Poulton, Richie G., Mueller, Ulrich O., Truelsen, Thomas, Okoro, Anselm, Jayaraman, Sudha P., Sawhney, Monika, Nasher, Jamal T., Driscoll, Tim R., Lucas, Timothy C. D., Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Murdoch, Ray, Sarah E., Berhane, Adugnaw, Millear, Anoushka, Soljak, Michael, Ronfani, Luca, Karam, Nadim E., Kim, Daniel, Takala, Jukka S., Linn, Shai, Smith, David L., Bikbov, Boris, Pinho, Christine, Amare, Azmeraw T., Asgedom, Solomon W., Reitsma, Marissa, Mokdad, Ali H., Montico, Marcella, Nichols, Emma, Harb, Hilda L., Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Schutte, Aletta E., Tanne, David, Frostad, Joseph J., Fischer, Florian, Majdan, Marek, Gebre, Teshome, Newton, Charles R., Mathur, Manu Raj, Hofman, Howard J., Mendoza, Walter, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Srinivasan, Vinay, Negasa, Dumessa Edessa, Werdecker, Andrea, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Lotufo, Paulo A., Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Tobollik, Myriam, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Sartorius, Benn, Pacella, Rosana E., Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Fazeli, Mir Sohail, Béjot, Yannick, Moses, Mark, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Birungi, Charles, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Geleto, Ayele, Leigh, James, Kisa, Adnan, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Phillips, Michael Robert, Haro, Josep Maria, Stein, Dan J., Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Zipkin, Ben, Pletcher, Martin A., Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Leung, Janni, Thrift, Amanda G., Battista, Robert, Liang, Xiaofeng, Singh, Jasvinder A., Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Amini, Erfan, Rojas-Rueda, David, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Huynh, Chantal, Nachega, Jean B., Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Williams, Hywel C., Uthman, Olalekan A., Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Bannick, Marlena S., Artaman, Al, Liu, Yang, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Arora, Megha, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Ortiz, Alberto, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Papachristou, Christina, El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad, Rubagotti, Enrico, Santos, Itamar S., Flaxman, Abraham D., Naidoo, Kovin S., Panda, Basant Kumar, Kopec, Jacek A., Rankin, Zane, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Oren, Eyal, Petzold, Max, Djalalinia, Shirin, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Brugha, Traolach S., Dandona, Lalit, Bryane, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Zheng, Yingfeng, Dokova, Klara, Murthy, Srinivas, Johnson, Catherine O., Reinig, Nikolas, Lee, Paul H., Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Patil, Snehal T., Godwin, William W., Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Smith, Mari, Enayati, Ahmadali, Stanaway, Jefrey D., Hendrie, Delia, Mehata, Suresh, Tymeson, Hayley, Azzopardi, Peter, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Rajsic, Sasa, John, Denny, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Biryukov, Stan, Alam, Tahiya, Opio, John Nelson, Alam, Khurshid, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Safri, Saeid, Kahsay, Amaha, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Majdzadeh, Reza, Alam, Noore, Yihdego, Mahari Gidey, Gupta, Tanush, March, Lyn M., Mensah, George A., Handal, Alexis J., Hotez, Peter J., Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Wadilo, Fiseha, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Rabiee, Rynaz H. S., Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Kumar, Pushpendra, Hoy, Damian G., Ammar, Walid, Baune, Bernhard T., Szoeke, Cassandra E. I., Aichour, Ibtihel, Phipps, Geofrey, Kemmer, Laura, Kolte, Dhaval, Karimkhani, Chante, Schwendicke, Falk, Henry, Nathaniel J., Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Cromwell, Elizabeth A., Battle, Katherine E., Allen, Christine, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Ärnlöv, Johan, Beardsley, Justin, Kotsakis, Georgios A., Muller, Kate, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Dhillon, Preet K., Naghavi, Mohsen, Siabani, Soraya, Nagel, Gabriele, De Courten, Barbora, Mudoch, Michele E., Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Adedji, Cárdenas, Rosario, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Li, Yongmei, Kieling, Christian, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Farinha, Carla Sofa E Sa, Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Faro, André, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Vishnu, Abhishek, Bacha, Umar, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Damasceno, Albertino, Mirarefn, Mojde, Chen, Honglei, Servan-Mori, Edson E., Roba, Hirbo Shore, Hay, Roderick J., Kastor, Anshul, Sobaih, Badr H. A., Mohan, Murali B. V., Rangaswamy, Thara, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Shiri, Rahman, Thakur, Basu, Sanjay, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Lopez, Alan D., Pigott, David M., Graetz, Nicholas, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Morawska, Lidia, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Foigt, Nataliya, Schelonka, Kathryn, Gosselin, Richard A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sibai, Abla Mehio, Mruts, Kalayu Birhane, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Plass, Dietrich, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Violante, Francesco S., Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Subart, Michelle, Das Jarlais, Don C., Degenhardt, Louisa, Arthur Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G., Gibney, Katherine B., Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Tsoi, Derrick, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Majeed, Azeem, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Kivimaki, Mika, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Benson, Jennifer, Briant, Paul S., Woodbrook, Rachel, Woolf, Anthony D., Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Fernandes, João C., Do, Huyen Phuc, Xavier, Denis, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. 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M., Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Norrving, Bo, Leasher, Janet L., Silberberg, Donald H., Butt, Zahid A., Salama, Joseph, Larsson, Anders, Troeger, Christopher, Keren, Andre, Morrison, Shane D., Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, McAlinden, Colm, Bärnighausen, Till, Jahanmehr, Nader, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Yip, Paul, Sagar, Rajesh, Abbas, Kaja M., Tonelli, Marcello, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Whiteford, Harvey A., Theis, Andrew M., Hostiuc, Sorin, Barrero, Lope H., Koyanagi, Ai, Koul, Parvaiz A., Wallin, Mitchell T., Naheed, Aliya, Carpenter, David O., Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Doku, David Teye, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Malekzadeh, Reza, Furtado, Joao M., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Undurraga, Eduardo A., Thamsuwan, Ornwipa, Martopullo, Ira, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R., Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Malhotra, Rajesh, Futran, Neal D., Boneya, Dube Jara, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mishra, Shiva Raj, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Charlson, Fiona J., Thomas, Nihal, Temam Shifa, Girma, Deribe, Kebede, Norheim, Ole F., Althouse, Benjamin M., Pourmalek, Farshad, Hosgood, H. Dean, Venkatesh, Steinke, Sabine, Nguyen, Minh, Al-Maskari, Fatma, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Petri, William Arthur, Ram, Usha, Akseer, Nadia, Harun, Kimani M., Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Radfar, Amir, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Hoek, Hans W., Mohammadi, Alireza, Bhansali, Anil, Deiparine, Selina, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Nyandwi, Alypio, Marczak, Laurie B., Kumar, G. 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L., Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sykes, Bryan L., Saxena, Sonia, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Shirkoohi, Reza, Eshetie, Setegn, Tran, Bach Xuan, Singh, Narinder Pal, Parry, Charles D., Logroscino, Giancarlo, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Yakob, Bereket, Giussani, Giorgia, Karimi, Seyed M., Sur, Patrick J., Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Rezaei, Satar, Hedayati, Mohammad T., James, Peter, Chang, Jung-Chen, Liu, Patrick Y., Ghajar, Alireza, Jonas, Jost B., Carter, Austin, Badawi, Alaa, Sorensen, Reed J. 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1. No poverty ,3. Good health - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). METHODS: We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. FINDINGS: The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75·2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71·9-78·6) for females and 72·0 years (68·8-75·1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45·6 years [42·0-49·5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41·5 years [39·0-44·0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6·24 years (5·97-6·48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6·04 years (5·74-6·27) for males and 6·49 years (6·08-6·77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1·78 years (1·61-1·93) for males and 1·96 years (1·69-2·13) for females. Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2016 (-2·3% [-5·9 to 0·9]), with decreases in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disease DALYs offset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The exemplars, calculated as the five lowest ratios of observed to expected age-standardised DALY rates in 2016, were Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Peru, and Israel. The leading three causes of DALYs globally were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lower respiratory infections, comprising 16·1% of all DALYs. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most CMNN causes decreased from 1990 to 2016. Conversely, the total DALY burden rose for most NCDs; however, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined globally. INTERPRETATION: At a global level, DALYs and HALE continue to show improvements. At the same time, we observe that many populations are facing growing functional health loss. Rising SDI was associated with increases in cumulative years of life lived with disability and decreases in CMNN DALYs offset by increased NCD DALYs. Relative compression of morbidity highlights the importance of continued health interventions, which has changed in most locations in pace with the gross domestic product per person, education, and family planning. The analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework with which to benchmark location-specific health performance. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform health policies, health system improvement initiatives, targeted prevention efforts, and development assistance for health, including financial and research investments for all countries, regardless of their level of sociodemographic development. The presence of countries that substantially outperform others suggests the need for increased scrutiny for proven examples of best practices, which can help to extend gains, whereas the presence of underperforming countries suggests the need for devotion of extra attention to health systems that need more robust support. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
39. Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
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Dean, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseini, Seyed Reza, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoy, Damian G., Hsairi, Mohamed, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J., Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Idris, Fachmi, Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, Ikeda, Chad, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S., Innos, Kaire, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Irvine, Caleb M.S., Islami, Farhad, Jacobs, Troy A., Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jahanmehr, Nader, Jain, Rajesh, Jain, Sudhir Kumar, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo M., Jalu, Moti Tolera, Jamal, Amr A., Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Józwiak, Jacek, John, Oommen, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B., Joshua, Vasna, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Rizwan, Kar, Chittaranjan, Karanikolos, Marina, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimi, Seyed M., Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Dessalegn Haile, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Kebede, Seifu, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemp, Grant Rodger, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kereselidze, Maia, Ketema, Ezra Belay, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khajavi, Alireza, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Muhammad Ali, Khanal, Mukti Nath, Khang, Young-Ho, Khater, Mona M., Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Kiirithio, Daniel Ngari, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinfu, Yohanne, Kinra, Sanjay, Kisa, Adnan, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kristopher J., Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kutz, Michael, Kuzin, Igor, Kyu, Hmwe H., Lad, Deepesh Pravinkumar, Lafranconi, Alessandra, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lang, Justin J., Lansingh, Van C., Lansky, Sonia, Larsson, Ander, Latifi, Arman, Lazarus, Jeffrey Victor, Leasher, Janet L., Lee, Paul H., Legesse, Yirga, Leigh, Jame, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Leta, Samson, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Juan, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S., Lind, Margaret, Linn, Shai, Listl, Stefan, Liu, Patrick Y., Liu, Shiwei, Lodha, Rakesh, Lopez, Alan D., Lorch, Scott A., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lucas, Timothy C.D., Lunevicius, Raimunda, Lurton, Grégoire, Lyons, Ronan A., Maalouf, Fadi, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Mackay, Mark T., Maddison, Emilie R., Madotto, Fabiana, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manguerra, Helena, Manhertz, Treh, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C., Margono, Christopher, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins, Sheila Cristina Ourique, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, März, Winfried, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maulik, Pallab K., Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J., McKee, Martin, Mehata, Suresh, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mehta, Kala M., Mehta, Varshil, Meier, Toni, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Melku, Mulugeta, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Mengiste, Degu Abate, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Micha, Renata, Milam, Robert, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R., Mini, G.K., Minnig, Shawn, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mitchell, Philip B., Mlashu, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammed, Ebrahim, Mohammed, Mohammed A., Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Mola, Glen Liddell D., Molokhia, Mariam, Momeniha, Fatemeh, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Moreno Velasquez, Ilai, Mori, Rintaro, Morrison, Shane D., Moses, Mark, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mueller, Ulrich O., Murhekar, Manoj, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Murthy, Sriniva, Musa, Jonah, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagata, Chie, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naik, Gurudatta A., Naik, Nitish, Najafi, Farid, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie Njingang, Narayan, K.M. Venkat, Nascimento, Bruno Ramo, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Newton, Charles R., Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Long, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nichols, Emma, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nolte, Ellen, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F., Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N., Nyandwi, Alypio, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi, Olivares, Pedro R., De Oliveira, Patricia Pereira Vasconcelo, Olsen, Helen E., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Kanyin, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V., Ortiz, Alberto, Ozdemir, Raziye, Pa, Mahesh, Pain, Amanda W., Palone, Marcos Roberto Tovani, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Park, Eun-Kee, Parsian, Hadi, Patel, Teja, Pati, Sanghamitra, Patil, Snehal T., Patle, Ajay, Patton, George C., Paturi, Vishnupriya Rao, Paudel, Deepak, De Moares Pedroso, Marcel, Pedroza, Sandra P., Pereira, David M., Perico, Norberto, Peterson, Hannah, Petzold, Max, Peykari, Niloofar, Phillips, Michael Robert, Piel, Frédéric B., Pigott, David M., Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A., Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D., Postma, Maarten J., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prakash, Swayam, Prakash, V., Prasad, Narayan, Prasad, Noela Marie, Purcell, Caroline, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintana, Hedley Knewjen, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Raju, Sree Bhushan, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M., Rankin, Zane, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Ray, Sarah E., Razo-García, Christian Aspacia, Reddy, Priscilla, Reiner, Robert C., Reis, Cesar, Reitsma, Marissa B., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Rios Blancas, Maria Jesu, Rivera, Juan A., Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Ambuj, Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sachdev, Perminder S., Sadat, Nafi, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, Haniye Sadat, Salama, Joseph, Salamati, Payman, De Freitas Saldanha, Raphael, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Salomon, Joshua A., Samy, Abdallah M., Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sancheti, Parag K., Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolore, Santomauro, Damian, Santos, Itamar S., Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Sarker, Abdur Razzaque, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Saylan, Mete I., Schaeffner, Elke, Schmidhuber, Josef, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Schneider, Ione J.C., Schumacher, Austin E., Schutte, Aletta E., Schwebel, David C., Schwendicke, Falk, Sekerija, Mario, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakh-Nazarova, Marina, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Sharafi, Heidar, Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi, Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed, Sharma, Meenakshi, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shfare, Mebrahtu Teweldemedhin, Shi, Peilin, Shields, Chloe, Shigematsu, Mika, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G., Shukla, Sharvari Rahul, Siabani, Soraya, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silberberg, Donald H., Silva, Diego Augusto Santo, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alve, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Lavanya, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sinke, Abiy Hiruye, Sisay, Mekonnen, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Alison, Soares Filho, Adauto Martin, Sobaih, Badr H.A., Somai, Melek, Soneji, Samir, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J.D., Soriano, Joan B., Soyiri, Ireneous N., Sposato, Luciano A., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nichola, Stein, Dan J., Stokes, Mark Andrew, Sturua, Lela, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sunguya, Bruno F., Sur, Patrick J., Sykes, Bryan L., Sylaja, P.N., Szoeke, Cassandra E.I., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Tadesse, Andualem Henok, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Tandon, Nikhil, Tariku, Amare Tariku, Taveira, Nuno, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temam Shifa, Girma, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Tesfaye, Dawit Jember, Tessema, Belay, Thakur, J.S., Thomas, Nihal, Thompson, Matthew J., Tillmann, Taavi, To, Quyen G., Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Foti, Torre, Anna, Tortajada, Miguel, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tripathi, Avnish, Tripathy, Srikanth Prasad, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thoma, Tsoi, Derrick, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Tyrovolas, Stefano, Uchendu, Uche S., Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Updike, Rachel, Uthman, Olalekan A., Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi, Valdez, Pascual Rubén, Van Boven, Job F.M., Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S., Vladimirov, Sergey K., Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagnew, Fasil, Waheed, Yasir, Wallin, Mitchell T., Walson, Judd L., Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wassie, Molla Mesele, Weaver, Marcia R., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G., Weiss, Jordan, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, West, T. Eoin, Westerman, Ronny, White, Richard G., Whiteford, Harvey A., Widecka, Justyna, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Wondimkun, Yohanes Ayele, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Wyper, Grant M.A., Xavier, Deni, Xu, Gelin, Yan, Lijing L., Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimer, Nigus Bililign, Yin, Peng, Yip, Paul, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yonga, Gerald, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z., Yu, Chuanhua, Zadnik, Vesna, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Jun, Zimsen, Stephanie R.M., Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Murray, Christopher J.L., Lozano, Rafael, Viðskiptadeild (HR), School of Business (RU), Háskólinn í Reykjavík, Reykjavik University, Abay, Sm, Abebo, Ta, Abraha, Hn, Abreu, Dmx, Abu-Raddad, Lj, Adane, Aa, Adedoyin, Ra, Adhikari, Tb, Aichour, Mte, Akinyemi, Ro, Akinyemiju, Tf, Al Lami, Fh, Albittar, Mi, Alene, Ka, Ali, Sd, Aljunid, Sm, Alomari, Ma, Altirkawi, Ka, Amare, At, Amoako, Ya, Andrei, Cl, Antonio, Cat, Araújo, Vem, Aryal, Kk, Asfaw, Et, Asgedom, Sw, Asghar, Rj, Ashebir, Mm, Asseffa, Na, Atey, Tm, Atre, Sr, Avokpaho, Efga, Ayala Quintanilla, Bp, Ayalew, Aa, Ayele, Ht, Ayuk, Tb, Babalola, Tk, Barber, Rm, Barboza, Ma, Barker-Collo, Sl, Barrero, Lh, Baune, Bt, Bekele, Bb, Belachew, Ab, Belay, Sa, Belay, Ya, Bell, Ml, Bello, Ak, Bennett, Da, Bennett, Jr, Bensenor, Im, Berhe, Df, Bhutta, Za, Bolliger, Iw, Bou-Orm, Ir, Brady, Oj, Breitborde, Njk, Butt, Za, Campos-Nonato, Ir, Campuzano, Jc, Carrero, Jj, Castañeda-Orjuela, Ca, Chang, Hy, Chang, Jc, Chiang, Pp, Chisumpa, Vh, Choi, Jj, Christopher, Dj, Chung, Sc, Ciobanu, Lg, Cortesi, Pa, Criqui, Mh, Cromwell, Ea, Crump, Ja, Daba, Ak, Dachew, Ba, Dadi, Af, Dargan, Pi, Das, Sk, De Neve, Jw, Dellavalle, Rp, Des Jarlais, Dc, Dharmaratne, Sd, Doku, Dt, Dorsey, Er, Dos Santos, Kpb, Doyle, Ke, Driscoll, Tr, Duncan, Bb, Ehrlich, Jr, El-Khatib, Zz, Endries, Ay, Faraon, Eja, Feigin, Vl, Feigl, Ab, Fereshtehnejad, Sm, Fernandes, Jc, Fijabi, Do, Flaxman, Ad, Foreman, Kj, Frostad, Jj, Futran, Nd, Gebre, Ak, Gebrehiwot, Tt, Gebremedhin, At, Gelaw, Ya, Geleijnse, Jm, Gething, Pw, Giref, Az, Gishu, Md, Godwin, Ww, Gona, Pn, Gopalani, Sv, Goulart, Ac, Gugnani, Hc, Haagsma, Ja, Hailu, Gb, Hamadeh, Rr, Hankey, Gj, Harb, Hl, Harewood, Hc, Haro, Jm, Hassen, Hy, Hay, Si, Hearps, Sjc, Hegazy, Mi, Henry, Nj, Herrera Ballesteros, Vh, Hibstu, Dt, Hiluf, Mk, Hoek, Hw, Hosgood, Hd, Hosseini, Sr, Hoy, Dg, Huang, Jj, Iburg, Km, Igumbor, Eu, Ileanu, Bv, Irvani, Ssn, Irvine, Cm, Jacobs, Ta, Jacobsen, Kh, Jain, Sk, Jakovljevic, Mb, Jalu, Mt, Jamal, Aa, Jayatilleke, Au, Jha, Rp, Johnson, Sc, Jonas, Jb, Karema, Ck, Karimi, Sm, Kassa, Dh, Kassa, Gm, Kassa, Td, Kassebaum, Nj, Katikireddi, Sv, Keiyoro, Pn, Kemp, Gr, Kengne, Ap, Ketema, Eb, Khafaie, Ma, Khalil, Ia, Khan, Ea, Khan, Mn, Khan, Ma, Khanal, Mn, Khang, Yh, Khater, Mm, Khoja, Ata, Kibret, Gd, Kiirithio, Dn, Kim, Yj, Kimokoti, Rw, Kopec, Ja, Koul, Pa, Krohn, Kj, Kumar, Ga, Kyu, Hh, Lad, Dp, Lal, Dk, Lang, Jj, Lansingh, Vc, Lazarus, Jv, Leasher, Jl, Lee, Ph, Leshargie, Ct, Liben, Ml, Lim, Ll, Lopez, Ad, Lorch, Sa, Lotufo, Pa, Lucas, Tcd, Lyons, Ra, Macarayan, Erk, Mackay, Mt, Maddison, Er, Malta, Dc, Mamun, Aa, Mansournia, Ma, Mantovani, Lg, Mapoma, Cc, Martins, Sco, Martins-Melo, Fr, Massenburg, Bb, Mathur, Mr, Maulik, Pk, Mcgrath, Jj, Mehta, Km, Meles, Kg, Memish, Za, Mengiste, Da, Mengistu, Dt, Menota, Bg, Mensah, Ga, Meretoja, Tj, Mezgebe, Hb, Miller, Tr, Mini, Gk, Mirrakhimov, Em, Mitchell, Pb, Mlashu, Fw, Mohammad, Ka, Mohammed, Ma, Mokdad, Ah, Mola, Gl, Montañez Hernandez, Jc, Morrison, Sd, Mousavi, Sm, Mueller, Uo, Murthy, Gv, Musa, Ki, Naik, Ga, Nansseu, Jrn, Narayan, Kv, Nascimento, Br, Negoi, Ri, Newton, Cr, Ngunjiri, Jw, Nguyen, Th, Ningrum, Dna, Nong, Vm, Norheim, Of, Noubiap, Jjn, Obermeyer, Cm, Ogbo, Fa, Oh, Ih, Olagunju, At, Olagunju, To, Olivares, Pr, Oliveira, Ppv, Olsen, He, Olusanya, Bo, Olusanya, Jo, Opio, Jn, Ortega-Altamirano, Dv, Pain, Aw, Palone, Mrt, Pandian, Jd, Park, Ek, Patil, St, Patton, Gc, Paturi, Vr, Pedroso, Mm, Pedroza, Sp, Pereira, Dm, Phillips, Mr, Piel, Fb, Pigott, Dm, Pillay, Jd, Piradov, Ma, Pond, Cd, Postma, Mj, Prasad, Nm, Quintana, Hk, Rahman, Ma, Rahman, Su, Rai, Rk, Raju, Sb, Rana, Sm, Rawaf, Dl, Ray, Se, Razo-García, Ca, Reiner, Rc, Reitsma, Mb, Renzaho, Amn, Ribeiro, Al, Rios Blancas, Mj, Rivera, Ja, Roth, Ga, Ruhago, Gm, Sabde, Yd, Sahraian, Ma, Saldanha, Rf, Salomon, Ja, Samy, Am, Sanabria, Jr, Sancheti, Pk, Sanchez-Niño, Md, Santric Milicevic, Mm, Sarker, Ar, Saylan, Mi, Schmidt, Mi, Schneider, Ijc, Schumacher, Ae, Schutte, Ae, Schwebel, Dc, Sepanlou, Sg, Servan-Mori, Ee, Shaikh, Ma, Shariful Islam, Sm, Shfare, Mt, Shrime, Mg, Shukla, Sr, Sigfusdottir, Id, Silberberg, Dh, Silva, Da, Silva, Jp, Silveira, Dga, Singh, Ja, Singh, Np, Sinha, Dn, Sinke, Ah, Soares Filho, Am, Sobaih, Bha, Sorensen, Rjd, Soriano, Jb, Soyiri, In, Sposato, La, Sreeramareddy, Ct, Stanaway, Jd, Stein, Dj, Stokes, Ma, Sufiyan, Mb, Suliankatchi, Ra, Sunguya, Bf, Sur, Pj, Sykes, Bl, Sylaja, Pn, Tadakamadla, Sk, Tadesse, Ah, Taffere, Gr, Tariku, At, Temsah, Mh, Tesema, Ag, Tesfaye, Dj, Thompson, Mj, To, Qg, Tran, Bx, Tran, Kb, Tripathy, Sp, Tuem, Kb, Ukwaja, Kn, Uthman, Oa, Uzochukwu, Bsc, Valdez, Pr, van Boven, Jfm, Vladimirov, Sk, Vlassov, Vv, Vollset, Se, Wallin, Mt, Walson, Jl, Wang, Yp, Wassie, Mm, Weaver, Mr, Weintraub, Rg, Weldegwergs, Kg, West, Te, White, Rg, Whiteford, Ha, Wolfe, Cd, Wondimkun, Ya, Wyper, Gma, Yan, Ll, Yimer, Nb, Yirsaw, Bd, Yoon, Sj, Younis, Mz, Zaki, Me, Zaman, Sb, Zenebe, Zm, Zimsen, Srm, Zuhlke, Lj, Murray, Cjl, and Lozano, R.
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Peformance ,Coverage ,Dánartíðni ,Lífslíkur ,Life expectancy ,GBD ,Background A key component of achieving universal health coverage is ensuring that all populations have access to quality health care. Examining where gains have occurred or progress has faltered across and within countries is crucial to guiding decisions and strategies for future improvement. We used the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) to assess personal health-care access and quality with the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index for 195 countries and territories, as well as subnational locations in seven countries, from 1990 to 2016. Methods Drawing from established methods and updated estimates from GBD 2016, we used 32 causes from which death should not occur in the presence of effective care to approximate personal health-care access and quality by location and over time. To better isolate potential effects of personal health-care access and quality from underlying risk factor patterns, we risk-standardised cause-specific deaths due to non-cancers by location-year, replacing the local joint exposure of environmental and behavioural risks with the global level of exposure. Supported by the expansion of cancer registry data in GBD 2016, we used mortality-to-incidence ratios for cancers instead of risk-standardised death rates to provide a stronger signal of the effects of personal health care and access on cancer survival. We transformed each cause to a scale of 0–100, with 0 as the first percentile (worst) observed between 1990 and 2016, and 100 as the 99th percentile (best) ,universal health coverage ,Article ,access quality health care ,health care access and quality index ,Nations ,Healthcare Acce ,Cause-specific mortality ,Psychology ,Healthcare Access and Quality Index ,Mælitæki ,States ,Medicine (all) ,Health care ,Þjóðir ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,Quality ,Heilbrigðisþjónusta ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Sálfræði ,Indicator ,Amenable mortality ,Transition ,we set these thresholds at the country level, and then applied them to subnational locations. We applied a principal components analysis to construct the HAQ Index using all scaled cause values, providing an overall score of 0–100 of personal health-care access and quality by location over time. We then compared HAQ Index levels and trends by quintiles on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary measure of overall development. As derived from the broader GBD study and other data sources, we examined relationships between national HAQ Index scores and potential correlates of performance, such as total health spending per capita. Findings In 2016, HAQ Index performance spanned from a high of 97·1 (95% UI 95·8–98·1) in Iceland, followed by 96·6 (94·9–97·9) in Norway and 96·1 (94·5–97·3) in the Netherlands, to values as low as 18·6 (13·1–24·4) in the Central African Republic, 19·0 (14·3–23·7) in Somalia, and 23·4 (20·2–26·8) in Guinea-Bissau. The pace of progress achieved between 1990 and 2016 varied, with markedly faster improvements occurring between 2000 and 2016 for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia, whereas several countries in Latin America and elsewhere saw progress stagnate after experiencing considerable advances in the HAQ Index between 1990 and 2000. Striking subnational disparities emerged in personal health-care access and quality, with China and India having particularly large gaps between locations with the highest and lowest scores in 2016. In China, performance ranged from 91·5 (89·1–93·6) in Beijing to 48·0 (43·4–53·2) in Tibet (a 43·5-point difference), while India saw a 30·8-point disparity, from 64·8 (59·6–68·8) in Goa to 34·0 (30·3–38·1) in Assam. Japan recorded the smallest range in subnational HAQ performance in 2016 (a 4·8-point difference), whereas differences between subnational locations with the highest and lowest HAQ Index values were more than two times as high for the USA and three times as high for England. State-level gaps in the HAQ Index in Mexico somewhat narrowed from 1990 to 2016 (from a 20·9-point to 17·0-point difference), whereas in Brazil, disparities slightly increased across states during this time (a 17·2-point to 20·4-point difference). Performance on the HAQ Index showed strong linkages to overall development, with high and high-middle SDI countries generally having higher scores and faster gains for non-communicable diseases. Nonetheless, countries across the development spectrum saw substantial gains in some key health service areas from 2000 to 2016, most notably vaccine-preventable diseases. Overall, national performance on the HAQ Index was positively associated with higher levels of total health spending per capita, as well as health systems inputs, but these relationships were quite heterogeneous, particularly among low-to-middle SDI countries. Interpretation GBD 2016 provides a more detailed understanding of past success and current challenges in improving personal health-care access and quality worldwide. Despite substantial gains since 2000, many low-SDI and middle-SDI countries face considerable challenges unless heightened policy action and investments focus on advancing access to and quality of health care across key health services, especially non-communicable diseases. Stagnating or minimal improvements experienced by several low-middle to high-middle SDI countries could reflect the complexities of re-orienting both primary and secondary health-care services beyond the more limited foci of the Millennium Development Goals. Alongside initiatives to strengthen public health programmes, the pursuit of universal health coverage hinges upon improving both access and quality worldwide, and thus requires adopting a more comprehensive view—and subsequent provision—of quality health care for all populations ,Trends ,Inequalities - Abstract
Background A key component of achieving universal health coverage is ensuring that all populations have access to quality health care. Examining where gains have occurred or progress has faltered across and within countries is crucial to guiding decisions and strategies for future improvement. We used the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) to assess personal health-care access and quality with the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index for 195 countries and territories, as well as subnational locations in seven countries, from 1990 to 2016. Methods Drawing from established methods and updated estimates from GBD 2016, we used 32 causes from which death should not occur in the presence of effective care to approximate personal health-care access and quality by location and over time. To better isolate potential effects of personal health-care access and quality from underlying risk factor patterns, we risk-standardised cause-specific deaths due to non-cancers by location-year, replacing the local joint exposure of environmental and behavioural risks with the global level of exposure. Supported by the expansion of cancer registry data in GBD 2016, we used mortality-to-incidence ratios for cancers instead of risk-standardised death rates to provide a stronger signal of the effects of personal health care and access on cancer survival. We transformed each cause to a scale of 0-100, with 0 as the first percentile (worst) observed between 1990 and 2016, and 100 as the 99th percentile (best); we set these thresholds at the country level, and then applied them to subnational locations. We applied a principal components analysis to construct the HAQ Index using all scaled cause values, providing an overall score of 0-100 of personal health-care access and quality by location over time. We then compared HAQ Index levels and trends by quintiles on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary measure of overall development. As derived from the broader GBD study and other data sources, we examined relationships between national HAQ Index scores and potential correlates of performance, such as total health spending per capita. Findings In 2016, HAQ Index performance spanned from a high of 97.1 (95% UI 95.8-98.1) in Iceland, followed by 96.6 (94.9-97.9) in Norway and 96.1 (94.5-97.3) in the Netherlands, to values as low as 18.6 (13.1-24.4) in the Central African Republic, 19.0 (14.3-23.7) in Somalia, and 23.4 (20.2-26.8) in Guinea-Bissau. The pace of progress achieved between 1990 and 2016 varied, with markedly faster improvements occurring between 2000 and 2016 for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia, whereas several countries in Latin America and elsewhere saw progress stagnate after experiencing considerable advances in the HAQ Index between 1990 and 2000. Striking subnational disparities emerged in personal health-care access and quality, with China and India having particularly large gaps between locations with the highest and lowest scores in 2016. In China, performance ranged from 91.5 (89.1-936) in Beijing to 48.0 (43.4-53.2) in Tibet (a 43.5-point difference), while India saw a 30.8-point disparity, from 64.8 (59.6-68.8) in Goa to 34.0 (30.3-38.1) in Assam. Japan recorded the smallest range in subnational HAQ performance in 2016 (a 4.8-point difference), whereas differences between subnational locations with the highest and lowest HAQ Index values were more than two times as high for the USA and three times as high for England. State-level gaps in the HAQ Index in Mexico somewhat narrowed from 1990 to 2016 (from a 20.9-point to 17.0-point difference), whereas in Brazil, disparities slightly increased across states during this time (a 17.2-point to 20.4-point difference). Performance on the HAQ Index showed strong linkages to overall development, with high and high-middle SDI countries generally having higher scores and faster gains for non-communicable diseases. Nonetheless, countries across the development spectrum saw substantial gains in some key health service areas from 2000 to 2016, most notably vaccine-preventable diseases. Overall, national performance on the HAQ Index was positively associated with higher levels of total health spending per capita, as well as health systems inputs, but these relationships were quite heterogeneous, particularly among low-to-middle SDI countries. Interpretation GBD 2016 provides a more detailed understanding of past success and current challenges in improving personal health-care access and quality worldwide. Despite substantial gains since 2000, many low-SDI and middle-SDI countries face considerable challenges unless heightened policy action and investments focus on advancing access to and quality of health care across key health services, especially non-communicable diseases. Stagnating or minimal improvements experienced by several low-middle to high-middle SDI countries could reflect the complexities of re-orienting both primary and secondary health-care services beyond the more limited foci of the Millennium Development Goals. Alongside initiatives to strengthen public health programmes, the pursuit of universal health coverage upon improving both access and quality worldwide, and thus requires adopting a more comprehensive view and subsequent provision of quality health care for all populations., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Barbora de Courten is supported by a National Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship (100864). Ai Koyanagi’s work is supported by the Miguel Servet contract financed by the CP13/00150 and PI15/00862 projects, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII —General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research—and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER). Alberto Ortiz was supported by Spanish Government (Instituto de Salud Carlos III RETIC REDINREN RD16/0019 FEDER funds). Ashish Awasthi acknowledges funding support from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India through INSPIRE Faculty scheme Boris Bikbov has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 703226. Boris Bikbov acknowledges that work related to this paper has been done on the behalf of the GBD Genitourinary Disease Expert Group. Panniyammakal Jeemon acknowledges support from the clinical and public health intermediate fellowship from the Wellcome Trust and Department of Biotechnology, India Alliance (2015–20). Job F M van Boven was supported by the Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology of the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands. Olanrewaju Oladimeji is an African Research Fellow hosted by Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), South Africa and he also has honorary affiliations with Walter Sisulu University (WSU), Eastern Cape, South Africa and School of Public Health, University of Namibia (UNAM), Namibia. He is indeed grateful for support from HSRC, WSU and UNAM. EUI is supported in part by the South African National Research Foundation (NRF UID: 86003). Ulrich Mueller acknowledges funding by the German National Cohort Study grant No 01ER1511/D, Gabrielle B Britton is supported by Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación and Sistema Nacional de Investigación de Panamá. Giuseppe Remuzzi acknowledges that the work related to this paper has been done on behalf of the GBD Genitourinary Disease Expert Group. Behzad Heibati would like to acknowledge Air pollution Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran. Syed Aljunid acknowledges the National University of Malaysia for providing the approval to participate in this GBD Project. Azeem Majeed and Imperial College London are grateful for support from the Northwest London National Insititute of Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care. Tambe Ayuk acknowledges the Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies for office space provided. José das Neves was supported in his contribution to this work by a Fellowship from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal (SFRH/BPD/92934/2013). João Fernandes gratefully acknowledges funding from FCT–Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (grant number UID/Multi/50016/2013). Jan-Walter De Neve was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Kebede Deribe is funded by a Wellcome Trust Intermediate Fellowship in Public Health and Tropical Medicine (201900). Kazem Rahimi was supported by grants from the Oxford Martin School, the NIHR Oxford BRC and the RCUK Global Challenges Research Fund. Laith J Abu-Raddad acknowledges the support of Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP 9-040-3-008) who provided the main funding for generating the data provided to the GBD-IHME effort. Liesl Zuhlke is funded by the national research foundation of South Africa and the Medical Research Council of South Africa. Monica Cortinovis acknowledges that work related to this paper has been done on the behalf of the GBD Genitourinary Disease Expert Group. Chuanhua Yu acknowleges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81773552 and grant number 81273179) Norberto Perico acknowledges that work related to this paper has been done on behalf of the GBD Genitourinary Disease Expert Group. Charles Shey Wiysonge’s work is supported by the South African Medical Research Council and the National Research Foundation of South Africa (grant numbers 106035 and 108571). John J McGrath is supported by grant APP1056929 from the John Cade Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council and the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship). Quique Bassat is an ICREA (Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies) research professor at ISGlobal. Richard G White is funded by the UK MRC and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement that is also part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union (MR/P002404/1), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (TB Modelling and Analysis Consortium: OPP1084276/OPP1135288, CORTIS: OPP1137034/OPP1151915, Vaccines: OPP1160830), and UNITAID (4214-LSHTM-Sept15; PO 8477-0-600). Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos was supported in part by grant number PROMETEOII/2015/021 from Generalitat Valenciana and the national grant PI17/00719 from ISCIII-FEDER. Mihajlo Jakovljevic acknowleges contribution from the Serbian Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (grant OI 175 014). Shariful Islam is funded by a Senior Fellowship from Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University and received career transition grants from High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia. Sonia Saxena is funded by various grants from the NIHR. Stefanos Tyrovolas was supported by the Foundation for Education and European Culture, the Sara Borrell postdoctoral program (reference number CD15/00019 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII–Spain) and the Fondos Europeo de Desarrollo Regional. Stefanos was awarded with a 6 months visiting fellowship funding at IHME from M-AES (reference no. MV16/00035 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III). S Vittal Katikreddi was funded by a NHS Research Scotland Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the MRC (MC_UU_12017/13 & MC_ UU_12017/15) and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU13 & SPHSU15). Traolach S Brugha has received funding from NHS Digital UK to collect data used in this study. The work of Hamid Badali was financially supported by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. The work of Stefan Lorkowski is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (nutriCARD, Grant agreement number 01EA1411A). Mariam Molokhia’s research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. We also thank the countless individuals who have contributed to GBD 2016 in various capacities.
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- 2018
40. Global Mortality From Firearms, 1990-2016.
- Author
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Naghavi M, Marczak LB, Kutz M, Shackelford KA, Arora M, Miller-Petrie M, Aichour MTE, Akseer N, Al-Raddadi RM, Alam K, Alghnam SA, Antonio CAT, Aremu O, Arora A, Asadi-Lari M, Assadi R, Atey TM, Avila-Burgos L, Awasthi A, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Behzadifar M, Behzadifar M, Bennett JR, Bhalla A, Bhutta ZA, Bilal AI, Borges G, Borschmann R, Brazinova A, Campuzano Rincon JC, Carvalho F, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan PI, De Leo D, Dharmaratne SD, Ding EL, Phuc Do H, Doku DT, Doyle KE, Driscoll TR, Edessa D, El-Khatib Z, Endries AY, Esteghamati A, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Feigin VL, Fischer F, Foreman KJ, Franklin RC, Fullman N, Futran ND, Gebrehiwot TT, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haghparast Bidgoli H, Hailu GB, Haro JM, Hassen HY, Hawley C, Hendrie D, Híjar M, Hu G, Ilesanmi OS, Jakovljevic M, James SL, Jayaraman S, Jonas JB, Kahsay A, Kasaeian A, Keiyoro PN, Khader Y, Khalil IA, Khang YH, Khubchandani J, Ahmad Kiadaliri A, Kieling C, Kim YJ, Kosen S, Krohn KJ, Kumar GA, Lami FH, Lansingh VC, Larson HJ, Linn S, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek H, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Malekzadeh R, Carvalho Malta D, Mason-Jones AJ, Matzopoulos R, Memiah PTN, Mendoza W, Meretoja TJ, Mezgebe HB, Miller TR, Mohammed S, Moradi-Lakeh M, Mori R, Nand D, Tat Nguyen C, Le Nguyen Q, Ningrum DNA, Akpojene Ogbo F, Olagunju AT, Patton GC, Phillips MR, Polinder S, Pourmalek F, Qorbani M, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rai RK, Ranabhat CL, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rowhani-Rahbar A, Safdarian M, Safiri S, Sagar R, Salama JS, Sanabria J, Santric Milicevic MM, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Schwebel DC, Seedat S, Sepanlou SG, Shaikh MA, Sharew NT, Shiue I, Singh JA, Sisay M, Skirbekk V, Soares Filho AM, Stein DJ, Stokes MA, Sufiyan MB, Swaroop M, Sykes BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tadese F, Tran BX, Thanh Tran T, Ukwaja KN, Vasankari TJ, Vlassov V, Werdecker A, Ye P, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Zaidi Z, El Sayed Zaki M, Hay SI, Lim SS, Lopez AD, Mokdad AH, Vos T, and Murray CJL
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Global Health statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality trends, Sex Distribution, Young Adult, Firearms statistics & numerical data, Homicide statistics & numerical data, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Wounds, Gunshot mortality
- Abstract
Importance: Understanding global variation in firearm mortality rates could guide prevention policies and interventions., Objective: To estimate mortality due to firearm injury deaths from 1990 to 2016 in 195 countries and territories., Design, Setting, and Participants: This study used deidentified aggregated data including 13 812 location-years of vital registration data to generate estimates of levels and rates of death by age-sex-year-location. The proportion of suicides in which a firearm was the lethal means was combined with an estimate of per capita gun ownership in a revised proxy measure used to evaluate the relationship between availability or access to firearms and firearm injury deaths., Exposures: Firearm ownership and access., Main Outcomes and Measures: Cause-specific deaths by age, sex, location, and year., Results: Worldwide, it was estimated that 251 000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 195 000-276 000) people died from firearm injuries in 2016, with 6 countries (Brazil, United States, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guatemala) accounting for 50.5% (95% UI, 42.2%-54.8%) of those deaths. In 1990, there were an estimated 209 000 (95% UI, 172 000 to 235 000) deaths from firearm injuries. Globally, the majority of firearm injury deaths in 2016 were homicides (64.0% [95% UI, 54.2%-68.0%]; absolute value, 161 000 deaths [95% UI, 107 000-182 000]); additionally, 27% were firearm suicide deaths (67 500 [95% UI, 55 400-84 100]) and 9% were unintentional firearm deaths (23 000 [95% UI, 18 200-24 800]). From 1990 to 2016, there was no significant decrease in the estimated global age-standardized firearm homicide rate (-0.2% [95% UI, -0.8% to 0.2%]). Firearm suicide rates decreased globally at an annualized rate of 1.6% (95% UI, 1.1-2.0), but in 124 of 195 countries and territories included in this study, these levels were either constant or significant increases were estimated. There was an annualized decrease of 0.9% (95% UI, 0.5%-1.3%) in the global rate of age-standardized firearm deaths from 1990 to 2016. Aggregate firearm injury deaths in 2016 were highest among persons aged 20 to 24 years (for men, an estimated 34 700 deaths [95% UI, 24 900-39 700] and for women, an estimated 3580 deaths [95% UI, 2810-4210]). Estimates of the number of firearms by country were associated with higher rates of firearm suicide (P < .001; R2 = 0.21) and homicide (P < .001; R2 = 0.35)., Conclusions and Relevance: This study estimated between 195 000 and 276 000 firearm injury deaths globally in 2016, the majority of which were firearm homicides. Despite an overall decrease in rates of firearm injury death since 1990, there was variation among countries and across demographic subgroups.
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- 2018
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