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This paper examines the influence of class on migrants' social positioning strategies in transnational spaces. It contributes to debates about the processes of transnational class-making and class formation. Going beyond an analysis of class in socio-economic terms, the paper focuses on peoples' (changing) subjective understandings of middle-class membership as a relevant factor in migrants' transnational social positioning strategies. Based on qualitative interview data with middle-class migrants in Germany, the presentation relates their experiences with downward social mobility before and after migration to their subjective perspectives on middle-class membership over time and in different places. The findings show that middle-class performance is shaped by migration experiences but also shapes peoples' mobility trajectories and therefore influences and promotes different transnational lifestyles.

International audience; Using a mixed methods approach, this paper analyses the nexus between migration and social positions drawing on recent survey data on migrants who have arrived in Germany after 1994 (Socio-Economic Panel, SOEP) as well as qualitative interviews with 26 respondents to the survey. Drawing on a Bourdieu’s forms-of-capital approach (Bourdieu, 1986), and applying the method of Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to the survey data, we highlight two dimensions structuring the nexus between migration and social positions in Germany: 1) capital related to legal status and multiple migration; and 2) (trans)national cultural capital. Through a cluster analysis based on the MCA results, we then identify and describe four profiles of migrants characterised by distinct configurations of cultural capital (social class background, education and linguistic skills before and after settlement), legal status (citizenship and status at migration), experiences of multiple cross-border movements and social positions: The ‘Foreign Working-Class’, the ‘Foreign Middle-Class’, the ‘Adapted German Migrants’, and the ‘Young Highly Educated Urbans’. The complementary analysis of the qualitative data allows us to go further in understanding some of the factors that may play a role in shaping migrants’ social position(ing) in the four clusters. In particular, we show that resources such as determination and perseverance can be crucial for some migrants to counter structural constraints related to their legal status in transferring or accessing cultural capital, and that linguistic skills are also used by some migrants as a marker of social distinction.

This paper discusses the influence of European migration externalisation policies on civil society initiatives promoting migrants' rights in Morocco. By looking at the nature of NGOs' interventions that aim to benefit migrants' social and economic rights, the paper attempts to uncover the contradictions inherent in the implementation of so-called rights-based approaches to migration management in a context marked by inequality, uneven social development and authoritarian rule. The Moroccan example shows how the EU's efforts have promoted a juridical, administrative and discursively justifiable policy framework in Morocco, in which NGOs could successfully deliver humanitarian aid and advocate for vulnerable migrants' rights to life. At the same time, however, the underlying rationale of distinguishing between the rights of legal and irregular migrants hampers NGOs in promoting a more inclusive approach concerning migrants as target populations of social development policies in the country. This is compounded by a national political context marked by limited opportunities for civil society participation in policy-making processes. By describing the dilemmas created through these tensions, this paper aims to draw attention to overlooked connections between development policies and externalisation measures in the Global South.

International audience; How does spatial mobility influence social mobility and vice versa? Often, the 'objective' structural positions on the one hand, and the 'subjective' definition of social positions on the other hand, are not considered together. Yet this is necessary in order to gauge the consequences of mobility trajectories reaching across borders. This framing editorial asks how we can study the interplay of perceptions of one's own social position and one's objective social position to better understand how spatial mobility influences social mobility and vice versa. In short, this means an exploration of the nexus of spatial mobility and social mobility. Exploring that nexus requires attention to objective social positions, subjective social positioning strategies, transnational approaches to the study of social positions and self-positioning, and social boundary theory. Overall, the complexity of the nexus between social and spatial mobilities calls for a multifaceted research approach that covers various levels of analysis. Some of the contributions feature a mixed-methods approach that allows drawing a multifaceted picture of the interrelation between the perceptions of social positions and their structural features.

This article discusses the role of social comparisons in the processes through which migrants make sense of their own social position from a transnational perspective. Migrants are often involved in transnational forms of life which influence their forms of belonging, their economic strategies, their moral values and their political actions. There is also evidence to suggest that migrants use transnational frames of reference to evaluate their social positioning within their origin and host countries. In this article, we offer a methodological approach to the study of social positions in transnational spaces which aims to account for the interplay between the markers of objectively verifiable social positions and their subjective assessment by migrants. Concretely, we focus on social comparison as a mechanism for symbolic boundary drawing processes, which help migrants to make sense of their (often differing) social positions within host and origin countries. Social comparisons help migrants to evaluate how they are seen and positioned by others and subsequently bring these assessments into line with their own social categories and evaluations of their social position in different places. These findings highlight the importance of social comparisons as a tool to investigate the interaction between social and spatial mobility.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.

This document forms part of the full report This record is a placeholder for a future version of Haßler, et al., (2020). Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape - see https://opendeved.net/lib/ZEDIHF57. The document is available under Creative Commons Attribution, and both a PDF and a Word document are avaialable.