1. Development of the photo-diode subsystem for the HERD calorimeter double-readout
- Author
-
Adriani, O., Antonelli, M., Basti, A., Berti, E., Betti, P., Bigongiari, G., Bonechi, L., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Brogi, P., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Casaus, J., Cui, X., Dong, Y., D'Alessandro, R., Detti, S., Giovacchini, F., Finetti, N., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Liu, X., Marin, J., Martinez, G., Mori, N., Pacini, L., Papini, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricciarini, S., Spillantini, P., Starodubtsev, O., Stiaccini, L., Tang, Z., Tiberio, A., Vannuccini, E., Velasco, M., Wang, R., Wang, Z., Xu, M., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zhang, L.
- Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The measurement of cosmic-ray individual spectra provides unique information regarding the origin and propagation of astro-particles. Due to the limited acceptance of current space experiments, protons and nuclei around the "knee" region ($\sim1\ PeV$) can only be observed by ground based experiments. Thanks to an innovative design, the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility will allow direct observation up to this energy region: the instrument is mainly based on a 3D segmented, isotropic and homogeneous calorimeter which properly measures the energy of particles coming from each direction and it will be made of about 7500 LYSO cubic crystals. The read-out of the scintillation light is done with two independent systems: the first one based on wave-length shifting fibers coupled to Intensified scientific CMOS cameras, the second one is made of two photo-diodes with different active areas connected to a custom front-end electronics. This photo-diode system is designed to achieve a huge dynamic range, larger than $10^7$, while having a small power consumption, few mW per channel. Thanks to a good signal-to-noise ratio, the capability of a proper calibration, by using signals of both non-interacting and showering particles, is also guaranteed. In this paper, the current design and the performance obtained by several tests of the photo-diode read-out system are discussed.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF