Search

Introduction: Healthcare organizations are under increasing pressure from policymakers, payers, and advocates to screen for and address patients’ health-related social needs (HRSN). The emergency department (ED) presents several challenges to HRSN screening, and patients are frequently not screened for HRSNs. Predictive modeling using machine learning and artificial intelligence, approaches may address some pragmatic HRSN screening challenges in the ED. Because predictive modeling represents a substantial change from current approaches, in this study we explored the acceptability of HRSN predictive modeling in the ED.Methods: Emergency clinicians, ED staff, and patient perspectives on the acceptability and usage of predictive modeling for HRSNs in the ED were obtained through in-depth semi-structured interviews (eight per group, total 24). All participants practiced at or had received care from an urban, Midwest, safety-net hospital system. We analyzed interview transcripts using a modified thematic analysis approach with consensus coding.Results: Emergency clinicians, ED staff, and patients agreed that HRSN predictive modeling must lead to actionable responses and positive patient outcomes. Opinions about using predictive modeling results to initiate automatic referrals to HRSN services were mixed. Emergency clinicians and staff wanted transparency on data inputs and usage, demanded high performance, and expressed concern for unforeseen consequences. While accepting, patients were concerned that prediction models can miss individuals who required services and might perpetuate biases.Conclusion: Emergency clinicians, ED staff, and patients expressed mostly positive views about using predictive modeling for HRSNs. Yet, clinicians, staff, and patients listed several contingent factors impacting the acceptance and implementation of HRSN prediction models in the ED.

Aims and Objectives Methodological Design and Justification Ethical Issues and Approval Research Methods Results Study Limitations Conclusion To describe first‐line managers' (FLMs) views of the challenges faced by staff when encountering older people's existential concerns in home and residential care.This cross‐sectional study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (ref. number 2014/652 ) and followed the guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration.FLMs in home and residential care were randomly selected and invited to participate. A self‐administered questionnaire was distributed online to 467 managers, 136 (29%) of whom completed it.About 80% of the FLMs reported that their staff members sometimes or frequently had conversations with the older people in their care about existential concerns, including the following topics: thoughts and feelings about meaning in life; losses and longing for meaningful relations; death, fears and uncertainty and supporting meaningful everyday life. About 75% of the managers also reported that their staff sometimes or often had conversations about existential concerns with one another. Major hindrances to existential conversations were reportedly cognitive impairment and aphasia among the older people and insecurity and unwillingness among the staff. Most managers (73%) reported that their staff received support when encountering existential concerns, mostly as individual support from managers or registered nurses.The main limitation of this study is its low response rate, which is common for digital surveys. Nevertheless, the sample is considered to be representative; therefore, the study holds exploratory value.Regular conversations among staff, improved conversational skills and the ability to listen reflect on and perceive older people's perspective and life world are needed when encountering older people's existential concerns. FLMs play a crucial role in emphasising and planning staff support on a regular basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the internal mechanisms for resolving labour disputes between staff and administration within african international intergovernmental organisations, such as: African Union, Southern African Development Community, Economic Community of West African States. It is indicated that within the African Union there are informal and formal stages of dispute resolution -- an appeal for review to the chairperson or competent authority of any other body and an appeal to the Administrative Tribunal. It is noted that the Administrative Tribunal is competent to consider applications for violations of the Staff Rules and Regulations; non-observance of contracts of employment and any other acts of employment; and, in certain cases, complaints about disciplinary sanctions. It is emphasised that the feature of protection of labour rights of the African Union staff is the provision enshrined in the Staff Rules and Regulations, according to which a staff member may, under certain circumstances, appeal to the African Court of Justice and Human Rights. It is stated that the Southern African Development Community Administrative Tribunal has jurisdiction to hear and resolve labour disputes between the Community Secretariat and any of its institutions. The Tribunal has two levels: First Instance and Appeal Board. It is noted that the system of internal labour dispute resolution of the Economic Community of West African States provides for the submission of an application for review, hierarchical recourse, and referral of the case to the Committee for Conciliation of Staff and Dispute Resolution. An Inter-Institutional Appeals Committee is established to deal with disciplinary appeals in relation to the application of the Staff Regulations, to which employees or their next of kin can apply. It is stated that the staff of any institution may apply to the Court of Justice of the Community after the staff member has exhausted all appeal procedures available to the official under the ECOWAS Staff Rules and Regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAutism manifests in various progressive, fluctuating, or static differences that may be disabling. This requires healthcare staff to provide individualized, culturally competent care for autistic people (AP). However, staff are underprepared since disability curricula are not universally implemented, which may exacerbate health disparities for AP. The Alliance for Disability in Health Care Education (ADHCE) delineated staff competencies to address disparities. The purpose of this review was to describe what is known about disability education initiatives and health-related outcomes for AP. The review included published literature on disability education for any health personnel providing services to AP in any setting where healthcare services are delivered. In June 2023, six databases were queried. Of 3,396 screened reports, 42 were extracted. Most articles originated in the United States and reported various instructional strategies on child-focused educational content for small interprofessional groups in various settings. The biomedical and biopsychosocial disability models were prominent. The training covered few, if any, ADHCE competencies and rarely involved collaboration with AP. Positive outcomes included improved functional health, behavior, and communication. Patient-reported outcomes and physical and psychosocial health were underreported. Future initiatives should involve scaled-up global efforts, address core competencies for care across the lifespan, and establish community partnerships to ensure meaningful outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With ever-increasing training, match-play and travel demands in professional soccer, recovery is vital for athletic performance, a statement amplified in tournament and in-season scenarios. However, alongside supporting the tasks associated with these increased demands, the recovery and wellbeing strategies recommended for playing staff are often unavailable to their support staff counterparts, who routinely experience extended working hours over and above scheduled player attendance. Methods: Focusing on the contributions of nutrition to this undoubtedly multifactorial issue, this narrative review aimed to (1) identify potential strategies to enhance recovery and wellbeing in multi-disciplinary soccer support staff and (2) highlight future research opportunities exploring the benefits of nutrition for those staff in soccer performance-related support roles. Results: The potential health and wellbeing consequences of chronic sub-optimal practices suggest that chrononutrition strategies may be an area of future interest. Notably, nutritional strategies that enhance sleep hygiene and immune function warrant consideration. Individualizing such strategies to maximize recovery and wellbeing in multi-disciplinary soccer support staff should offer an adjunct and complementary strategy to the holistic performance-focused support provided to professional soccer players. Conclusions: Policymakers responsible for organizational and club structures aligned with soccer performance could consider 'Supporting the Support Staff' when seeking to improve overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The scarcity of evidence on how supervision in the child protection system (CPS) is developed, specifically in residential care, calls for further research on this issue. The aim of this study is to provide new insights on staff perceptions in residential care about supervision's strengths, opportunities, threats and weaknesses, as well as their conceptions about the impact of supervision in this context. A total of 94 professionals (Mage = 28.20, SD = 12.21) participated in this qualitative study. Participants completed an online survey consisting of six open‐ended questions and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Qualitative content analysis was performed using MAXQDA software and descriptive statistics using IBM SPSS. Participants perceived that supervision provided knowledge and interpersonal skills, allowing staff to receive support and guidance. Obtaining an external perspective was highlighted as a significant value of supervision, and the main constraints were related to economic and labour demands. Participants considered that supervision positively impacts mainly staff performance and the quality of intervention, with only residual references to the impacts on children or on the organizational structure. These findings can inform policies and practices aimed at improving supervisory mechanisms and structures. Changes in the recruitment and selection of supervisors, as well as guidelines outlining the roles and functions of supervision in care settings, are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farm land allocation in most cases use to be very complex as a result of human error especially when there is paucity of the farm lands. This research focus on the the problem and come with a hybrid solution by combining the Google earth imagery and Canny Edge detection. The Google earth will provide the imagery of the farm lands and the (CEDA) was be used for the allocation and a report will be printed with coordinate of each farm land. The final output of the research helps the three tertiary institutions; Federal University Gusau, Abdu Gusau Polytechnic T/Mafara & College of Agriculture Bakura, Zamfara state in allocating farm land to their staff and communities. Other importance includes: Increase financing income to the institutions, increase Agricultural commodity to the communities, increase capacity utilization of agricultural farms and reduce the level of poverty among the staff/farmers. So also increase efficiency in the records keeping to the institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Human rights, recovery, and value-based approaches are integral to strategic changes and development in mental health care. Successfully integrating such person-centred values in mental health services requires a paradigm shift from traditional biomedical models of care to a more human rights-based approach. An important aspect of this is shared decision making (SDM) between mental health staff and service users. Whilst it is widely acknowledged SDM leads to improved outcomes, there are barriers and challenges to implementing this approach effectively in clinical practice. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess existing empirical research exploring mental health service users and/or staff's attitudes towards and experiences of SDM in adult mental health care settings. Methods: The review and protocol were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023369472). Systematic searches were run on four databases. Search terms pertained to studies reporting on mental health staff or service users' experiences of SDM in adult mental health care. Initial searches yielded 721 results. Included studies were analysed using a meta-ethnographic approach. Results: Thirteen articles were included. Data were synthesised using meta ethnographic synthesis, which produced four higher order themes with related subthemes; the role of service user ownership, the influence of fluctuating capacity, the importance of therapeutic alliance and changing clinicians' behaviours and attitudes. Implications: Both staff and service users found SDM to be an important factor in delivering high quality, effective mental health care. Despite this, participants had very little experience of implementing SDM in practice due to several personal, professional, and organisational challenges. This suggests that differences exist between what services strive towards achieving, and the experience of those implementing this in practice. These findings suggest that further research needs to be conducted to fully understand the barriers of implementing SDM in mental health services with training delivered to staff and service users about SDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Introduction Aim Methods Results Conclusion Implications for Practice Intensive psychiatric care units can be challenging environments in which to build strong staff‐patient relationships. Attachment theory may provide a useful model for strengthening relationships in this setting.The aim of this study was to explore staff perceptions of the utility of attachment theory for understanding patient behaviour in the intensive psychiatric care setting.Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 11 multi‐disciplinary staff members. Interviews focused on the staff member's experience of learning about attachment theory and applying this perspective to their work on the ward. Transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.The analysis led to the development of three themes: engaging the reflective self, new perspective on others and cohesive ward culture.Staff reported that learning about attachment theory supported them to better understand patient distress and associated behaviours. Notably, staff also used attachment theory to reflect on both their own internal states and the internal states of their colleagues. These reflections were suggested to bolster staff wellbeing and improve the ward milieu.Integrating attachment theory into team formulation, ward rounds and reflective practice groups could have a benefit for clinical practice, staff wellbeing and team cohesion in this setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of veterinary emergency service pause systems (VESPSs) and describe aspects of implementation and perceived impact. Design: Electronic questionnaire Setting: Membership of the Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society (VECCS). Animals: None. Interventions: None. Measurement and Main Results: A questionnaire was distributed to 6176 VECCS members with 1168 responses. Seventy‐six percent of the respondents were veterinarians. Ninety‐one percent of respondents practice in the United States, with 74% of them working at 24/7 multispecialty practices. Eighty‐seven percent of respondents indicated patient volume had increased, and 75% reported that a VESPS had been implemented between September 2020 and December 2021. Sixty‐two percent reported that their emergency service had been paused or closed once per week or more. The top reasons for implementing a VESPS included excessive caseload and staffing shortages. A variety of methods were utilized to implement a pause. Sixty‐nine percent reported their VESPS was less than ideal for effectiveness. Pause systems were reported to be highly supported by medical staff. Seventy‐seven percent reported increased client frustration and complaints, and 57% reported staff were stressed from denying care. Of those who do not currently have a VESPS in place, 74% would prefer to have one. Conclusions: VESPSs were in widespread use at the time of this survey, and most have been implemented between September 2020 and December 2021. The majority of VESPSs were employed to mitigate increased caseload and staffing shortages. Although VESPSs are largely supported by medical staff, drawbacks may include staff stress and client frustrations, and improvements are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The general purpose of the study was to evolve the in-service training needs of hospitality industry staff in Nsukka, Enugu State. Specifically, the study determined the in-service training needs of staff in food and beverages, lodging, recreational, travel and tourism sections of the industry. The study adopted survey research design. Population was made up of 265 persons consisting of 82 staff in food/beverage, 102 staff in lodging, 21 staff in the recreation and 60 staff in the travel/tourism sections of the industry. Data were collected using questionnaire. Data were analyzed using weighted mean and improvement need index. Findings reveals that food and beverage staff need in-service training in 11 areas including, ability to: generate an attitude of trust among co-workers (x̄= 0.72) and others. Lodging staff need in-service training in 13 areas including, ability to: work as part of a team (x̄= 0.86), and others. Recreation staff need in-service training in 13 areas including, ability to: observe teamwork, cooperation and maximum support (x̄= 0.94), and others; while travel/tourism staff need in-service training in 12 areas which include, ability to: show good communication and language proficiency (x̄= 0.90), delivery information commentary (x̄= 0.79) and so on. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that restaurant owners should provide funds for in-service training of their staff in areas where they are deficient to enhance customer patronage which in turn leads to higher profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between intellectual capital, organizational learning, and organizational inertia.Methodology: A descriptive-correlation study was conducted with a statistical population of 623 employees at Kashan University. A sample of 150 employees was selected using Morgan's table. Three questionnaires were used to measure organizational inertia, intellectual capital, and organizational learning, with reliability assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.75 for organizational inertia, 0.87 for intellectual capital, and 0.90 for organizational learning).Findings: The results indicate that the mean scores for intellectual capital and organizational learning were higher than the criterion score, while the mean score for organizational inertia was lower. Path analysis revealed that both intellectual capital (Beta=-0.61) and organizational learning (Beta=-0.61) have negative and significant relationships with organizational inertia.Conclusion: Organizations facing technological complexity and competitive environments must avoid stagnation and resistance to change. By leveraging intellectual capital and enhancing organizational learning and knowledge sharing, managers can better prepare for organizational change and reduce inefficiencies.Value: The lack of organizational change and resistance to development pose significant risks to organizations. Overcoming organizational inertia is crucial for fostering creativity, innovation, and problem-solving capabilities within an organization.

Abstract Background Human rights, recovery, and value-based approaches are integral to strategic changes and development in mental health care. Successfully integrating such person-centred values in mental health services requires a paradigm shift from traditional biomedical models of care to a more human rights-based approach. An important aspect of this is shared decision making (SDM) between mental health staff and service users. Whilst it is widely acknowledged SDM leads to improved outcomes, there are barriers and challenges to implementing this approach effectively in clinical practice. Objectives This systematic review aimed to assess existing empirical research exploring mental health service users and/or staff’s attitudes towards and experiences of SDM in adult mental health care settings. Methods The review and protocol were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023369472). Systematic searches were run on four databases. Search terms pertained to studies reporting on mental health staff or service users’ experiences of SDM in adult mental health care. Initial searches yielded 721 results. Included studies were analysed using a meta-ethnographic approach. Results Thirteen articles were included. Data were synthesised using meta ethnographic synthesis, which produced four higher order themes with related subthemes; the role of service user ownership, the influence of fluctuating capacity, the importance of therapeutic alliance and changing clinicians’ behaviours and attitudes. Implications Both staff and service users found SDM to be an important factor in delivering high quality, effective mental health care. Despite this, participants had very little experience of implementing SDM in practice due to several personal, professional, and organisational challenges. This suggests that differences exist between what services strive towards achieving, and the experience of those implementing this in practice. These findings suggest that further research needs to be conducted to fully understand the barriers of implementing SDM in mental health services with training delivered to staff and service users about SDM.

Staff perceptions of inpatient psychiatric hospitals ultimately impact a range of organisational and care‐related variables, including staff retention and quality of care for inpatients. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta‐review to synthesise themes reported by staff to influence their perceptions of inpatient psychiatric hospitals. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews. PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched. Reviews were eligible for inclusion if they examined the perception/experience of paid staff involved in caring for adults with mental illnesses admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital. Eligible reviews were assessed for methodological quality and bias. Thematic synthesis was used to merge thematically similar findings into an aggregate summary. Fifteen reviews were included, from which seven themes were reliably extracted: staff and patient safety, views on inpatients' experiences, relationships on the ward, ward rules, knowledge and experience, service delivery issues and coercive measures. Confidence in the evidence underlying each theme was analysed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation—Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (GRADE‐CERQual) criteria. Results indicate that staff perceptions of inpatient psychiatric hospitals overlap with inpatients' perspectives, particularly regarding the therapeutic relationship, coercive measures and ward safety, in addition to unique experiences. Factors identified can help guide ways to improve staff retention, satisfaction and quality of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The demand for ED services, both in terms of patient numbers and complexity has risen over the past decades. According to reports, there has been an increase in the ED patient presentation rate from 330 per 1000 to 334 per 1000 between 2018–2019 and 2022–2023. Consequently, new care models have been introduced to address this surge in demand, mitigate associated risks and improve overall safety. Among these models is the concept of 'front loading' clinical care, involving the initiation of interventions at the point of arrival. The present study evaluates the impact of introducing phlebotomists at triage. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional survey using purposive sampling at a single quaternary metropolitan ED with an annual census of greater than 90 000, encompassing all clinical staff in the ED. The survey data were analysed quantitatively and complemented by a thematic analysis. Results: The response rate for the questionnaire was 61% (n = 207), with good representation from all ED craft groups. Nearly all the staff (99.5%) reported being aware of the presence of phlebotomists in the ED, whereas only 57% of the staff reported working in triage (P = 0.05, 0.00 to 0.04). 'Valuable/vital resource' featured as a common response. Early decision‐making, patient safety, staff and patient satisfaction emerged as consistent themes. Conclusions: Staff expressed satisfaction that patient care now begins in the waiting room, especially after extended waiting periods prior to cubicle allocation. They assert that this improvement significantly enhances timely treatment and disposition decisions, as well as overall patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Some LTCFs performed better than others at slowing COVID-19 transmission. Emerging literature has mostly described infection prevention and control strategies implemented by LTCFs during the pandemic. However, there is a need for a comprehensive review of factors that influenced the performance of LTCFs in containing COVID-19 spread to inform public health policy. Objective To build on the existing literature, we conducted a scoping review of factors that influenced LTCF performance during the COVID-19 pandemic using a multidimensional conceptual framework of performance. Methods We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. We queried CINAHL, MEDLINE (Ovid), CAIRN, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed literature in English or French published between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2021. Retrieved records were screened for context (COVID-19 pandemic), population (LTCFs), interest (internal and external factors that influenced LTCF performance), and outcomes (dimensions of performance: equity, accessibility, reactivity, safety, continuity, efficacy, viability, efficiency). Descriptive characteristics of included articles were summarized. Dimensions of performance as well as internal (e.g., facility characteristics) and external (e.g., visitors) factors identified to have influenced LTCF performance were presented. Results We retained 140 articles of which 68% were classified as research articles, 47% originated in North America, and most covered a period between March and July 2020. The most frequent dimensions of performance were “efficacy” (75.7%) and “safety” (75.7%). The most common internal factors were “organizational context” (72.9%) and “human resources” (62.1%), and the most common external factors were “visitors” (27.1%) and “public health guidelines” (25.7%). Conclusions Our review contributes to a global interest in understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations residing and working in LTCFs. Though a myriad of factors were reported, a lack of randomized controlled trials makes it impossible to establish causality between the identified factors and LTCF performance. The use of a multidimensional framework can be recommended to evaluate healthcare system performance not merely in terms of efficacy and safety, but alongside other critical dimensions such as efficiency and equity. Trial registration Research Registry ID: researchregistry7026

Background: Previous studies reported good awareness and knowledge but poor uptake of prostate cancer screening across various settings and countries. Additionally, previous studies reported positive willingness for prostate cancer screening based on questionnaire responses. Objective: The present study adopted an “active physical method” to study the willingness for prostate cancer screening among staff of two faculties in a College of Medicine in southeastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 66 participants out of 80 male staff in the two faculties. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data, willingness, and uptake history from male staff aged 36 years and above. Blood samples were collected immediately into lithium heparin tubes from those who declared willingness for prostate cancer screening. The blood samples were used for total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay. The assay was conducted in two steps. First, all the samples were subjected to a semi-qualitative assay using a rapid test kit. Second, the samples that reacted positively with the rapid test kit were subjected to the second quantitative assay for PSA, along with control samples selected from the negative results. Results: The results showed that the willingness was 57/66 (86.4%). The prevalence of positive results (PSA >4ng/mL) from the screening was 9/57 (15.8%) for both techniques combined. Additionally, 5/57 (8.8%) were found to be positive for both techniques. Conclusions: There is a high willingness for “active prostate cancer screening” among the the staff of the institution. The prevalence of positive results was slightly high. We recommend the implementation of effective prostate cancer screening programs in Nigeria.

Background: Human resource provision in the COVID-19 pandemic crisis is a challenge for nursing managers. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has made a major challenge of staff for health organizations.Aim: The present study was conducted with aim to provide managerial methods in crisis management in the field of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: This study was conducted during the COVID- 19 pandemic in Shariati Hospital. Facing the crisis was done in two steps: "reorganization of the physical environment of the hospital" and "reorganization and provision of the staff". Step 1: integrating the medical wards from 17 wards to 5 wards and classification of units into three levels of care. Step 2: “Transfer of high-risk staff from the hospital to other centers”, “Classification of operational and middle-level managers”, “Providing appropriate staff based on levels of patient care needs”, “Review of job descriptions of head nurses at the crisis stage”, “Working shift scheduling, reviewing the staff planning” and “Rehabilitation of the staff”.Results: Shariati Hospital had 151 beds, 88 of which were used during the COVID crisis. A total of 88 nurses resigned from the hospital because of high risk conditions, and 117 nurses began cooperating with the hospital on permanent shift or voluntary basis.Implications for Practice: Early response to the crisis in terms of reorganizing medical departments and predicting staff needs in the hospital could lead to staff protection and provision of appropriate staff ratio. Based on this study, crisis management can be done in similar situations.

Abstract College students report high psychological distress, mental health problems and anxiety. Research indicates that faculty and staff can help support these students in crisis, but there is limited trauma-informed training for higher education professionals who are not mental health counselors. This study explored an evidence-based online training program designed to help faculty/staff members facilitate well-being and resilience among college students. To test the training, a systematic program evaluation was conducted. Prior to completing the training, participants (n = 52) took a pretest. Then, after completing the training, they took a posttest. Results indicated a significant difference between pre and posttest. There were more positive attitudes toward trauma-informed approaches and resilience resources; stronger beliefs about prevalence and effects of psychological trauma; greater self-efficacy to perform trauma-informed approaches; and greater confidence in trauma-informed knowledge. Additionally, participants reported they were likely to use tools learned during the training. Thus, indicating that a self-paced, convenient, and culturally sensitive training may be beneficial for faculty and staff as they aid in student success. Practical implications, participant comments and specific suggestions for colleges are also discussed.

Background: To retrospectively investigate scatter radiation (SCR) exposure among staff in the endourology operating theatre. Methods: During surgeries under fluoroscopic guidance, five professional groups (urological surgeon [US], surgical nurse [SN], assistant surgical nurse [ASN], anaesthetist [A], and anaesthesia care [AC]) wore real-time dosimeters (Philips DoseAware System) on their head and chest over lead aprons between July 2023 and February 2024. The SCR data were analysed and correlated with procedural and patient factors. Results: In total, 249 procedures were performed, including 86 retrograde intrarenal surgeries and 10 percutaneous nephrolithotomies. Median SCR exposure was 38.81, 17.20, 7.71, 11.58, 0.63, 0.23, 0.12, and 0.15 Microsievert (µSv) for US chest (USC), US head (USH), SN chest (SNC), SN head (SNH), A chest (AC), AC chest (ACC), ASN chest (ASNC), and ASN head (ASNH), respectively. There was a significant correlation between DAP and SCR doses detected by USC, USH, SNC, SNH, AC, and ACC dosimeters (p < 0.05). The median chest-to-eye conversion factor (CECF) was 2.11 for the US and 0.71 for the SN. Conclusions: This study, using real-time dosimetry, is among the first to assess staff occupational SCR exposure in endourology. It highlights a substantial SCR exposure, indicating an occupational health hazard that warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Some LTCFs performed better than others at slowing COVID-19 transmission. Emerging literature has mostly described infection prevention and control strategies implemented by LTCFs during the pandemic. However, there is a need for a comprehensive review of factors that influenced the performance of LTCFs in containing COVID-19 spread to inform public health policy. Objective: To build on the existing literature, we conducted a scoping review of factors that influenced LTCF performance during the COVID-19 pandemic using a multidimensional conceptual framework of performance. Methods: We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews. We queried CINAHL, MEDLINE (Ovid), CAIRN, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed literature in English or French published between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2021. Retrieved records were screened for context (COVID-19 pandemic), population (LTCFs), interest (internal and external factors that influenced LTCF performance), and outcomes (dimensions of performance: equity, accessibility, reactivity, safety, continuity, efficacy, viability, efficiency). Descriptive characteristics of included articles were summarized. Dimensions of performance as well as internal (e.g., facility characteristics) and external (e.g., visitors) factors identified to have influenced LTCF performance were presented. Results: We retained 140 articles of which 68% were classified as research articles, 47% originated in North America, and most covered a period between March and July 2020. The most frequent dimensions of performance were "efficacy" (75.7%) and "safety" (75.7%). The most common internal factors were "organizational context" (72.9%) and "human resources" (62.1%), and the most common external factors were "visitors" (27.1%) and "public health guidelines" (25.7%). Conclusions: Our review contributes to a global interest in understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable populations residing and working in LTCFs. Though a myriad of factors were reported, a lack of randomized controlled trials makes it impossible to establish causality between the identified factors and LTCF performance. The use of a multidimensional framework can be recommended to evaluate healthcare system performance not merely in terms of efficacy and safety, but alongside other critical dimensions such as efficiency and equity. Trial registration: Research Registry ID: researchregistry7026 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regardless of the type of residential care context, entering in care is an impactful event that involves the separation of young people from their relatives, as well as the need to adapt to a new context. This adaptation might be facilitated by the quality of relationships with professionals in these settings, which in turn may positively impact young people's psychological adjustment. Purpose: The current systematic review aims to identify the factors that might be associated with quality relationships in residential homes (i.e., generalist care, therapeutic care, juvenile justice settings) at different ecological levels. Method: A systematic electronic search was conducted in eight databases: Academic Search Complete, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, ERIC, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus, using a combination of words related with quality relationship, residential care, children, and adolescent. Based on the PRISMA statement, 919 manuscripts were yielded, and thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Child (e.g., gender or age), professionals (e.g., professionals' characteristics, behaviors, and skills), organizational (e.g., Ratios of children to professionals on staff) and cross-cutting factors (e.g., time spent together, length of relationship) were found to be associated with quality relationships between professionals and young people in care. Discussion: The residential care settings should be able to provide appropriate resources and services which address young people's complex needs. Practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childcare providers experience a variety of mental and physical challenges that impact their personal wellbeing as well as the quality of care they provide for children. Rural family childcare (FCCH) providers—an individual who professionally provides care to children within their home—may especially need resources to support their physical and mental wellbeing. An existing program, Here For You, For Them (HERE), may be able to support these providers; however, previous testing of the program has only been conducted in childcare centers. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the HERE program for rural FCCH providers. 27 rural FCCH providers took part in a 16-week pilot study of the HERE program focused on mindfulness techniques and practices. Participants attended a monthly virtual training and received an activity pack consisting of different activity ideas including breathing techniques, mantras, yoga poses, and yoga stories. Participants completed bi-weekly implementation surveys and a post-intervention survey and semi-structured interview. Overall, the breathing activities were one of the most implemented activities and took the least amount of time (< 5 min). Providers stated they enjoyed the flexibility of the program and the activities but felt some of the yoga poses and stories were difficult to implement. Common barriers included challenges with children's behavior and the age of children as well as time constraints. Overall, the HERE program appeared feasible and acceptable for rural FCCH providers. Future efforts should consider providing additional wellbeing support for FCCH providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main capitals of creative industries are thought, creativity and a suitable opportunity for creating innovations. In this century, media organizations are considered as one of the most effective entities among the rest of organizations out there. The news department in media organizations and news networks play a very important and decisive role in informing and interpreting news stories in today’s world. Working in such an environment encompasses high stress and work pressure, which directly affects the health of the IRINN’s news staff and reduces their life quality. As its main goal, the Islamic Republic of Iran News Network (IRINN) covers the most important daily news-based events both for domestic and regional Farsi-speaking audiences all under the policy framework introduced by the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). Considering the importance of workplace health and the important role of the IRINN in the news industry, this issue was investigated. Therefore, by using the Ground Theory method and by conducting 17 independent interviews with the in-house editors and managers of different departments of this news network, the health pattern of the working environment of the employees of this news channel had come into investigation from September 2021 to August 2022. The results of the research were explained at the levels of effective factors, axial category, causal factors, strategies, intervening factors, contextual factors, and consequences, and in the next step, the modeling was completed in this regard [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

College students report high psychological distress, mental health problems and anxiety. Research indicates that faculty and staff can help support these students in crisis, but there is limited trauma-informed training for higher education professionals who are not mental health counselors. This study explored an evidence-based online training program designed to help faculty/staff members facilitate well-being and resilience among college students. To test the training, a systematic program evaluation was conducted. Prior to completing the training, participants (n = 52) took a pretest. Then, after completing the training, they took a posttest. Results indicated a significant difference between pre and posttest. There were more positive attitudes toward trauma-informed approaches and resilience resources; stronger beliefs about prevalence and effects of psychological trauma; greater self-efficacy to perform trauma-informed approaches; and greater confidence in trauma-informed knowledge. Additionally, participants reported they were likely to use tools learned during the training. Thus, indicating that a self-paced, convenient, and culturally sensitive training may be beneficial for faculty and staff as they aid in student success. Practical implications, participant comments and specific suggestions for colleges are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Health-promoting environments are a key focus of the Ottawa Strategic Charter, which aims to enhance health in the workplace and reduce unhealthy behaviors among employees. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of health-promoting interventions on the habits of university staff in Southeastern Iran. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted from 2020 to 2021 in Zahedan, Southeastern Iran. A total of 254 administrative staff from the University of Medical Sciences and Sistan & Balochistan University were selected using available randomized methods and divided into control and intervention groups. The study instrument was a researcher-designed questionnaire, which demonstrated a content validity ratio (CVR) of 0.8, a Content Validity Index (CVI) ranging from 0.83 to 0.97, and an internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.85. The questionnaire was distributed online via the Porsline platform. For the intervention, training sessions were conducted online, and the session files and training booklet were made available to intervention group staff through the university's education system. A post-test was administered one month after the pretest. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software, with pretest results adjusted using chi-square and ANCOVA statistical tests. Results: The study found that the mean age of participants was 40.5 ± 7.4 years. Scores for employee knowledge, attitude, and behavior were 80.0 ± 16.4, 86.6 ± 22.8, and 80.8 ± 17.6, respectively. The most significant factors influencing attitudes were education (P < 0.001) and health status (P = 0.001). Type of employment (P = 0.025), work experience (P = 0.017), and health status (P = 0.037) were also significantly associated with behavior. After adjusting for pretest results, there were significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of scores for knowledge, attitude, and behavior (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The study concluded that employees with correct attitudes and healthy behaviors reported better health outcomes. Additionally, educational interventions effectively improved staff knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. To enhance health status, reduce employee disability, decrease absenteeism, and increase organizational productivity, it is recommended to plan and implement workplace health promotion programs focused on employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue Addressed: People with a mental health condition are at risk of developing chronic physical disease due to smoking tobacco, inadequate nutrition, high alcohol consumption, low physical activity and poor sleep (SNAPS). Community managed organisations (CMOs) represent an opportune setting to support mental health consumers to improve their health behaviours through providing preventive care. Reporting of methods used to co‐develop implementation strategies to assist CMO staff to deliver preventive care for SNAPS are scarce yet warranted. Objectives: This study aims to: (1) describe a co‐development workshop involving CMO staff and researchers to identify preferred implementation support strategies to help staff routinely provide preventive care; (2) describe the strategies that emerged from the workshop; and (3) report staff ratings of the workshop on four co‐development principles. Methods: A three‐hour co‐development workshop was conducted on two occasions with staff of one CMO in New South Wales, Australia. Twenty staff participated in the workshops. Results: Participants generated and ranked a total of seven discrete implementation strategies within five categories (training, point of care prompts, guidelines, continuous quality improvement and consumer activation). Training for staff to have difficult conversations about behaviour change was ranked highest in both workshops. Participants rated the workshops positively across four co‐development principles. Conclusions: The co‐development workshop enabled implementation strategies to be developed within the context in which they were to be delivered and tested, potentially increasing their feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness and impact. So What?: Implementation strategies selected from the workshops will inform a pilot implementation support trial to assist CMO staff to provide preventive care to people with mental health conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Celal Bayar University Health Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research abstract focuses on investigating the correlation between job-related stress and employee performance within both private and public sector banks. The study aims to discern potential differences in stress levels and performance outcomes between these two sectors. By employing comparative analysis, the research seeks to shed light on how varying organizational structures and work environments influence the relationship between job-related stress and employee performance. Understanding these dynamics can offer valuable insights for policymakers and organizational leaders to develop effective strategies for enhancing employee well-being and productivity in the banking industry. The research included a total 60 participants from both public and private banks located in Thrissur, Kerala. Data collection involved using the Census method to gather responses from individual employees, and statistical analyses such as correlation, and independent t-sample tests were conducted using SPSS version 26.0 to examine the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Potestas: Estudios del Mundo Clásico e Historia del Arte is the property of Potestas Estudios del Mundo Clasico e Historia del Arte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: An underground workplace (UGW) is a complex system with multiple subsystems that interact with each other. However, the research on UGW from a systemic perspective has not received due attention. OBJECTIVE: This study constructs an evaluation approach to the orderliness of UGW and systematically evaluates the UGW with Guangzhou and Chengdu metro depots as case studies. METHODS: First, the evaluation index system is established based on occupational ergonomics. Second, the system entropy model is constructed based on information entropy. Third, a dissipative structure judgment model is built based on the Brusselator. Fourth, the orderliness evaluation model is constructed based on information entropy and synergetics. RESULTS: The UGW of the metro depot has not yet reached the dissipative structure and is in a medium-order state. But the system is in the trend of orderly development. The entropy increase caused by the physical environment and health status is the main obstacle for the system to move toward order. The equipment configuration is an essential source of system negative entropy. The coordination between equipment configuration, health status, and physical environment is low, and that of work effectiveness, equipment aging and failure, and organizational environment is high. CONCLUSIONS: Equipment configuration cannot fully cope with the harsh physical environment and meet the needs of underground workers. Safety security equipment has more room for improvement. Humanized support facilities can introduce more negative entropy to the system. Organizational intervention can reduce the negative impact of adverse factors on the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positive behaviour support (PBS) has been receiving increased attention recently but has not been studied from the perspectives of staff and students in Sweden. This article presents an integrative and systematic literature review focusing on international research concerning staff and student perspectives on the effects of PBS. The aim was to describe staff and student perspectives regarding PBS and its effects, between 2000 and 2022. The findings indicate that there is a lack of empirical research involving the combination of staff and student perspectives of the effects of PBS. The existing research is mostly from elementary schools age range 6 to 13. However, the findings suggest that there have been several studies that aim to gain a better understanding of teachers' and students' perspectives of how PBS enhances student social relationships, lowers problem behaviour and increases academic performance. According to the current findings, the success of the PBS approach is greatly influenced by the efficacy of execution and the leadership of the school's support for implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banyak pegawai menghadapi tantangan motivasi yang berpotensi menghambat produktivitas dan kinerja dalam lingkungan madrasah. Kepala madrasah perlu menemukan strategi motivasi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan antusiasme kerja dan komitmen pegawai terhadap tugas-tugas mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran kepala madrasah sebagai motivator dalam mendorong minat dan semangat kerja di MI PSM Batumarta X. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini melibatkan kepala madrasah, tenaga pendidik, dan tenaga kependidikan administrasi sebagai informan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang diterapkan meliputi wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sementara analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi metode dan sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala madrasah menjalankan lima tugas utama yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan motivasi tenaga pendidik di MI PSM Batumarta X. Pertama, pengaturan lingkungan fisik yang bersih dan ergonomis menciptakan kenyamanan dan fokus. Kedua, suasana kerja yang harmonis dibangun melalui komunikasi terbuka dan kolaboratif, memperkuat rasa saling menghargai. Ketiga, disiplin yang konsisten menjadi kunci dalam budaya kerja yang produktif, meskipun terdapat tantangan ketepatan waktu. Keempat, kepala madrasah memberikan motivasi melalui bimbingan dan perhatian personal, membuat tenaga pendidik merasa dihargai. Kelima, penghargaan sederhana, seperti ucapan selamat, terbukti efektif mendorong prestasi. Terakhir, Kepala madrasah di MI PSM Batumarta X secara efektif memanfaatkan sumber belajar, seperti pelatihan dan diskusi, untuk memotivasi dan meningkatkan semangat kerja tenaga pendidik, yang berdampak positif terhadap kualitas pengajaran dan kolaborasi di lingkungan madrasah. Secara keseluruhan, peran aktif kepala madrasah dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung dan memberikan penghargaan berkontribusi besar terhadap semangat kerja tenaga pendidikan, dengan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan sistem penghargaan yang lebih terstruktur.

Public Service Innovations (PSIs) have improved public services and increased public values. However, previous studies have shown that public servants saw PSIs as risky interventions because of the perceived uncertain outcomes, lack of support and recognition, opposition against incumbent culture, and negative public scrutiny in case of failure. These perceived risks have led to risk-averse behaviour in public service and incremental or discontinued innovations. Earlier studies on PSIs’ continuity have focused on leadership, engagement, collaborations, and organisational cultures in developed countries. However, the mechanism of engagements, collaborations, organisational culture, and leadership types remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of sustainable PSIs in Indonesia and how authorities are exercised. In doing so, 11 PSIs in Indonesian health services—facilitated by staff or leaders—are compared and contrasted. The findings indicate that staff-initiated PSIs are prompted by community needs, use routine visits as a collaboration mechanism, and engage more stakeholders. The shortcoming is that the staff-initiated PSIs need more formal team assignments. The advantage is that they strengthen social capital and decrease community health problems. On the other hand, PSIs that were initiated by formal leaders are stimulated by formal antecedents, such as low achievement of development targets. Leaders-initiated PSIs also use capacity development programs to collaborate and increase the achievement of development targets. A novel finding to add to previous studies is that collaborating with other existing programs contributes to PSIs’ continuity. The managerial implication of this study is to stimulate front-liners in initiating PSIs.

Corporate culture turns out to be especially important for companies during the wartime, when changes in the economic and social environment can be radical and rapid. Corporate culture determines the values, norms of behavior and ways in which employees respond to stressful situations that become critical in times of uncertainty and crisis. Culture fosters team cohesion by helping to counter internal conflicts and providing like-minded people in making important decisions for the company. A robust and supportive corporate culture can keep employees morale, motivated, and productive even in challenging environments. In addition, corporate culture influences the perception of the enterprise by external stakeholders, including customers, partners and investors, which can be of great importance in times of crisis. Corporate culture builds the image of the business, increases trust and helps to maintain positive relationships with stakeholders, which is important for maintaining stability and long-term success of the enterprise. The importance of corporate culture in the context of military conflicts and crisis management has been verified by the research of many scholars and researchers in the field of management and psychology of organizations. Research in the field of management and organizational behavior confirms that corporate culture can be transformed during crises and wars. For example, under the influence of stressful situations, the values and norms of the organization can be re-evaluated, the emphasis in communication and activities shifts depending on the circumstances. Such a transformation of corporate culture can reveal both positive and negative impact on the organization during crises and war. On the one hand, it can stimulate innovation, change of strategies and approaches to problems, which is important for the survival of an enterprise in difficult conditions. On the other hand, a change in corporate culture can generate internal conflicts, impair communication, and increase risks for the organization. Thus, management and control over the process of transformation of corporate culture is a key aspect of effective crisis management. However, this aspect requires further research and clarification of management strategies, since the impact of corporate culture during a crisis can be diverse and require specific approaches for each situation. Additional research will help unleash the potential of corporate culture in crisis management and develop effective strategies to ensure the stability and success of the organization even in the most difficult conditions.

Abstract Background Body worn cameras (BWC) are mobile audio and video capture devices that can be secured to clothing allowing the wearer to record some of what they see and hear. This technology is being introduced in a range of healthcare settings as part of larger violence reduction strategies aimed at reducing incidents of aggression and violence on inpatient wards, however limited evidence exists to understand if this technology achieves such goals. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of BWCs on two inpatient mental health wards, including the impact on incidents, the acceptability to staff and patients, the sustainability of the resource use and ability to manage the use of BWCs on these wards. Methods The study used a mixed-methods design comparing quantitative measures including ward activity and routinely collected incident data at three time-points before during and after the pilot implementation of BWCs on one acute ward and one psychiatric intensive care unit, alongside pre and post pilot qualitative interviews with patients and staff, analysed using a framework based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results Results showed no clear relationship between the use of BWCs and rates or severity of incidents on either ward, with limited impact of using BWCs on levels of incidents. Qualitative findings noted mixed perceptions about the use of BWCs and highlighted the complexity of implementing such technology as a violence reduction method within a busy healthcare setting Furthermore, the qualitative data collected during this pilot period highlighted the potential systemic and contextual factors such as low staffing that may impact on the incident data presented. Conclusion This study sheds light on the complexities of using such BWCs as a tool for ‘maximising safety’ on mental health settings. The findings suggest that BWCs have a limited impact on levels of incidents on wards, something that is likely to be largely influenced by the process of implementation as well as a range of contextual factors. As a result, it is likely that while BWCs may see successes in one hospital site this is not guaranteed for another site as such factors will have a considerable impact on efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility.

Abstract Background The population aging trend and the shortage of elderly care workers require the long-term care profession to become more attractive. However, the professional attractiveness among long-term care workers has yet to be extensively studied. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the attractiveness of the long-term care profession for nursing home (NH) care workers.. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in more than 50 NHs. Perception of professional attractiveness among long-term care workers and potential associated factors were measured using the Attractive Work Questionnaire (AWQ) and structural instruments including the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). A multiple linear regression method was employed to explore the influence of potential independent variables on professional attractiveness. Results The overall response rate was 99%. The results showed the score of professional attractiveness (185.37 ± 20.034), as well as the scores of each component (99.26 ± 11.258 for work condition, 30.13 ± 3.583 for work content, and 55.99 ± 7.074 for job satisfaction). Findings of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that age(β = 0.129, p

Abstract Background Patient health-related social needs (HRSN) complicate care and drive poor outcomes in emergency department (ED) settings. This study sought to understand what HRSN information is available to ED physicians and staff, and how HRSN-related clinical actions may or may not align with patient expectations. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews guided by HRSN literature, the 5 Rights of Clinical Decision Support (CDS) framework, and the Contextual Information Model. We asked ED providers, ED staff, and ED patients from one health system in the mid-Western United Stated about HRSN information availability during an ED encounter, HRSN data collection, and HRSN data use. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using modified thematic approach. Results We conducted 24 interviews (8 per group: ED providers, ED staff, and ED patients) from December 2022 to May 2023. We identified three themes: (1) Availability: ED providers and staff reported that HRSNs information is inconsistently available. The availability of HRSN data is influenced by patient willingness to disclose it during an encounter. (2) Collection: ED providers and staff preferred and predominantly utilized direct conversation with patients to collect HRSNs, despite other methods being available to them (e.g., chart review, screening questionnaires). Patients’ disclosure preferences were based on modality and team member. (3) Use: Patients wanted to be connected to relevant resources to address their HRSNs. Providers and staff altered clinical care to account for or accommodate HRSNs. System-level challenges (e.g., limited resources) limited provider and staff ability to address patients HRSNs. Conclusions In the ED, HRSNs information was inconsistently available, collected, or disclosed. Patients and ED providers and staff differed in their perspectives on how HSRNs should be collected and acted upon. Accounting for such difference in clinical and administrative decisions will be critical for patient acceptance and effective usage of HSRN information.

Introduction: Aircrew is exposed to harmful levels of gamma radiation with unknown effects. This study aims to investigate occupational exposure to cosmic gamma radiation and its associated health effects among the aircrew members of Iran Airlines. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on the crew from four internal flights departing from Mehrabad Airport in 2021. The participants were divided into two groups of 100 aircrew members flying on low-altitude and high-altitude routes, and the history of their illnesses in the past thres years was extracted from medical records. The average annual effective dose (ED) of gamma radiation for the aircrew was measured by dosimeter (CEM DT-9501), and data analysis was done using SPSS16 software. Results: This study found that the average annual ED of gamma rays was approximately 1.5 millisieverts higher in flight crews on high-altitude flights compared to the low-altitude ones. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between exposure to gamma and occupational disease in the studied subjects (P < 0.05). Therefore, the risk of gastrointestinal, skin, and cardiovascular diseases was 3.55, 3.63, and 12.4 times higher for the crew on high-altitude flights compared with those on low-altitude flights. Conclusion: High-altitude flights are associated with increased exposure to gamma radiation, leading to a threefold higher risk of occupational diseases such as gastrointestinal, skin, and cardiovascular conditions among aircrew members. These findings highlight the importance of reducing health risks of exposure to gamma rays in aviation industry and emphasize the need for preventive measures to protect the well-being of aircrew personnel.

Background: Due to the low consumption of fruits and vegetables in adults, most of them are employed in workplaces; this condition is a good opportunity to implement an intervention to influence the behavior of this group. This study aims to determine the effects of social marketing techniques in an intervention on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake among office staff. Methods: This descriptive study was a formative research. This study was conducted on 70 administrative staff in a government office in Ghaemshahr City, Mazandaran Province, Iran in two stages, formative research and developing intervention strategies according to social marketing techniques. Formative research consists of two distinct phases, qualitative and quantitative. The categories were extracted using the direct content analysis method by MAX QDA at the qualitative stage, and the questionnaire data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 22 using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple linear regression. Results: In the qualitative section, factors affecting F&V consumption were extracted into five main categories, including product, place, price, promotion, and organizational support. In the quantitative stage, the mean age of participants was 42.14±6.84 years, and the lowest percentage of mean scores related to the commitment to the action plan (29.16%) was related to the construct of Pender’s health promotion model (HPM). Previous related behaviors, behavioral outcomes, preferences, and immediate demand predicted 43% of F&V consumption behavior. The mean intake of F&V per day was 1.57±1.32 and 0.45±0.75 units, respectively. Conclusion: Although social marketing is a planning process, using theory can lead to the development of effective and accurate marketing strategies by covering all aspects of behavior to take more effective action to improve it.

BackgroundThe US Department of Agriculture granted waivers to allow flexibility in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) operations during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, research examining the associations between waiver introduction and changes in perceptions, practices, and challenges of WIC participants' and agency directors' experiences is limited.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess California WIC participants' and agency directors' perceptions and practices of remote WIC services during the COVID-19 pandemic. A secondary aim was to understand other COVID-19 challenges related to maintaining access to healthy foods by WIC participants.DesignA qualitative study that included semistructured interviews was conducted between June 2020 and March 2021.Participants and settingOne hundred eighty-two WIC participants with a child aged 0 to 5 years from three regions of California (Southern, Central, and Northern) and 22 local WIC agency directors across the state were interviewed.Main outcome measuresWIC participants' and agency directors' perceptions, practices, and other challenges during COVID-19.Statistical analyses performedInterviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a grounded theory approach.ResultsParticipants shared that they valued the information received from WIC and were very satisfied with remote WIC services. Participants reported that enrolling in WIC remotely was easier than coming in person. All waivers and changes to WIC operations, namely the physical presence, remote benefit issuance, and separation of duties waivers, and remote work and remote delivery of nutrition education, were largely viewed by WIC agency directors as options that should be continued postpandemic. Further, a majority (63%) of households reported experiencing food insecurity, and half of respondents received food from a food bank or pantry during the pandemic.ConclusionsFindings suggest WIC will attract and retain the most families by offering a hybrid model of services, incorporating both onsite services and remote options to work more efficiently and effectively.

Background: Body worn cameras (BWC) are mobile audio and video capture devices that can be secured to clothing allowing the wearer to record some of what they see and hear. This technology is being introduced in a range of healthcare settings as part of larger violence reduction strategies aimed at reducing incidents of aggression and violence on inpatient wards, however limited evidence exists to understand if this technology achieves such goals. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of BWCs on two inpatient mental health wards, including the impact on incidents, the acceptability to staff and patients, the sustainability of the resource use and ability to manage the use of BWCs on these wards. Methods: The study used a mixed-methods design comparing quantitative measures including ward activity and routinely collected incident data at three time-points before during and after the pilot implementation of BWCs on one acute ward and one psychiatric intensive care unit, alongside pre and post pilot qualitative interviews with patients and staff, analysed using a framework based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results: Results showed no clear relationship between the use of BWCs and rates or severity of incidents on either ward, with limited impact of using BWCs on levels of incidents. Qualitative findings noted mixed perceptions about the use of BWCs and highlighted the complexity of implementing such technology as a violence reduction method within a busy healthcare setting Furthermore, the qualitative data collected during this pilot period highlighted the potential systemic and contextual factors such as low staffing that may impact on the incident data presented. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the complexities of using such BWCs as a tool for 'maximising safety' on mental health settings. The findings suggest that BWCs have a limited impact on levels of incidents on wards, something that is likely to be largely influenced by the process of implementation as well as a range of contextual factors. As a result, it is likely that while BWCs may see successes in one hospital site this is not guaranteed for another site as such factors will have a considerable impact on efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effect of hospital staffing resources on medical practice in public versus private hospitals. We used exhaustive delivery data from a French district of 11 hospitals over an 11-year period, from 2008 to 2018, including 168,120 observations. We performed multilevel logistic regression models with hospital fixed or random effects, while controlling for factors known to influence obstetric practice. We found that hospital staff ratios of obstetricians and that of midwives affected caesarean rates, but with different effects depending on the hospital sector. In public hospitals, the higher the ratio of obstetricians and that of midwives, the lower the probability of planned caesareans. In private hospitals, the higher the ratio of obstetricians, the greater the probability of planned caesareans. Indeed, in public hospitals, obstetricians and midwives, both salaried employees, do not have financial or organizational incentives to perform more caesareans. In private hospitals, obstetricians, who are independent doctors, may have such incentives. Our results underline the importance of having an adequate supply of health professionals in healthcare facilities to ensure appropriate care, with specific regard to the different characteristics of the public and private sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]