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2. Control Software for the SST-1M Small-Size Telescope prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Sliusar, V., Walter, R., Alispach, C., Samarai, I. Al, Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Coco, V., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ekoume, T. R. S. Njoh, Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Rajda, P., Rafalski, J., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., and Ziȩtara, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The SST-1M is a 4-m Davies--Cotton atmospheric Cherenkov telescope optimized to provide gamma-ray sensitivity above a few TeV. The SST-1M is proposed as part of the Small-Size Telescope array for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the first prototype has already been deployed. The SST-1M control software of all subsystems (active mirror control, drive system, safety system, photo-detection plane, DigiCam, CCD cameras) and the whole telescope itself (master controller) uses the standard software design proposed for all CTA telescopes based on the ALMA Common Software (ACS) developed to control the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). Each subsystem is represented by a separate ACS component, which handles the communication to and the operation of the subsystem. Interfacing with the actual hardware is performed via the OPC UA communication protocol, supported either natively by dedicated industrial standard servers (PLCs) or separate service applications developed to wrap lower level protocols (e.g. CAN bus, camera slow control) into OPC UA. Early operations of the telescope without the camera were already carried out. The camera is fully assembled and is capable to perform data acquisition using artificial light source., Comment: In Proceedings of the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2017), Busan, Korea. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1709.03483

Published
2017

3. Performance of a small size telescope (SST-1M) camera for gamma-ray astronomy with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Samarai, I. Al, Alispach, C., Cadoux, F., Coco, V., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Montaruli, T., Nagai, A., Ekoume, T. R. S. Njoh, Pujadas, I. Troyano, Lyard, E., Neronov, A., Walter, R., Sliusar, V., Mach, E., Michałowski, J., Niemiec, J., Rafalski, J., Skowron, K., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Bulik, T., Grudzińska, M., Jamrozy, M., Ostrowski, M., Stawarz, Ł., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., Paśko, P., Seweryn, K., Borkowski, J., Moderski, R., Kasperek, J., Rajda, P., Mandat, D., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., and Travnicek, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The foreseen implementations of the Small Size Telescopes (SST) in CTA will provide unique insights into the highest energy gamma rays offering fundamental means to discover and under- stand the sources populating the Galaxy and our local neighborhood. Aiming at such a goal, the SST-1M is one of the three different implementations that are being prototyped and tested for CTA. SST-1M is a Davies-Cotton single mirror telescope equipped with a unique camera technology based on SiPMs with demonstrated advantages over classical photomultipliers in terms of duty-cycle. In this contribution, we describe the telescope components, the camera, and the trigger and readout system. The results of the commissioning of the camera using a dedicated test setup are then presented. The performances of the camera first prototype in terms of expected trigger rates and trigger efficiencies for different night-sky background conditions are presented, and the camera response is compared to end-to-end simulations., Comment: All CTA contributions at arXiv:1709.03483

Published
2017

4. Development of a strategy for calibrating the novel SiPM camera of the SST-1M telescope proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Samarai, I. Al, Alispach, C., Cadoux, F., Coco, V., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Montaruli, T., Nagai, A., Ekoume, T. R. S. Njoh, Pujadas, I. Troyano, Lyard, E., Neronov, A., Walter, R., Sliusar, V., Mach, E., Michałowski, J., Niemiec, J., Rafalski, J., Skowron, K., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Bulik, T., Grudzińska, M., Jamrozy, M., Ostrowski, M., Stawarz, Ł., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., Paśko, P., Seweryn, K., Borkowski, J., Moderski, R., Kasperek, J., Rajda, P., Mandat, D., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., and Travnicek, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

CTA will comprise a sub-array of up to 70 small size telescopes (SSTs) at the southern array. The SST-1M project, a 4 m-diameter Davies Cotton telescope with 9 degrees FoV and a 1296 pixels SiPM camera, is designed to meet the requirements of the next generation ground based gamma-ray observatory CTA in the energy range above 3 TeV. Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) cameras of gamma-ray telescopes can achieve good performance even during high night sky background conditions. Defining a fully automated calibration strategy of SiPM cameras is of great importance for large scale production validation and online calibration. The SST-1M sub-consortium developed a software compatible with CTA pipeline software (CTApipe). The calibration of the SST-1M camera is based on the Camera Test Setup (CTS), a set of LED boards mounted in front of the camera. The CTS LEDs are operated in pulsed or continuous mode to emulate signal and night sky background respectively. Continuous and pulsed light data analysis allows us to extract single pixel calibration parameters to be used during CTA operation., Comment: All CTA contributions at arXiv:1709.03483

Published
2017

5. The Single Mirror Small Sized Telescope For The Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Heller, M., Schioppa, E. jr, Porcelli, A., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Zietara, K., della Volpe, D., Montaruli, T., Cadoux, F., Favre, Y., Aguilar, J. A., Christov, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Bilnik, W., Blocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Frankowski, A., Grudzinska, M., Idzkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszalek, A., Miranda, L. D. Medina, Michalowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pasko, P., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Sliusar, V., Skowron, K., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., Zagdanski, A., and consortium, the CTA

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Small Size Telescope with Single Mirror (SST-1M) is one of the proposed types of Small Size Telescopes (SST) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). About 70 SST telescopes will be part the CTA southern array which will also include Medium Sized Telescopes (MST) in its threshold configuration. Optimized for the detection of gamma rays in the energy range from 5 TeV to 300 TeV, the SST-1M uses a Davies-Cotton optics with a 4 m dish diameter with a field of view of 9 degrees. The Cherenkov light resulting from the interaction of the gamma-rays in the atmosphere is focused onto a 88 cm side-to-side hexagonal photo-detection plane. The latter is composed of 1296 hollow light guides coupled to large area hexagonal silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). The SiPM readout is fully digital readout as for the trigger system. The compact and lightweight design of the SST-1M camera offers very high performance ideal for gamma-ray observation requirement. In this contribution, the concept, design, performance and status of the first telescope prototype are presented., Comment: 7 pages, figure 6, Conference Gamma 2016 in Heildelberg

Published
2016
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6. Prototype of the SST-1M Telescope Structure for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Niemiec, J., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T ., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E. jr., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

A single-mirror small-size (SST-1M) Davies-Cotton telescope with a dish diameter of 4 m has been built by a consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions as a prototype for one of the proposed small-size telescopes for the southern observatory of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The design represents a very simple, reliable, and cheap solution. The mechanical structure prototype with its drive system is now being tested at the Institute of Nuclear Physics PAS in Krakow. Here we present the design of the prototype and results of the performance tests of the structure and the drive and control system., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

7. Using muon rings for the optical throughput calibration of the SST-1M prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Toscano, S., Prandini, E., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Rajda, P., Schioppa, E. jr., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziętara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are ground-based instruments devoted to the study of very high energy gamma-rays coming from space. The detection technique consists of observing images created by the Cherenkov light emitted when gamma rays, or more generally cosmic rays, propagate through the atmosphere. While in the case of protons or gamma-rays the images present a filled and more or less elongated shape, energetic muons penetrating the atmosphere are visualised as characteristic circular rings or arcs. A relatively simple analysis of the ring images allows the reconstruction of all the relevant parameters of the detected muons, such as the energy, the impact parameter, and the incoming direction, with the final aim to use them to calibrate the total optical throughput of the given IACT telescope. We present the results of preliminary studies on the use of images created by muons as optical throughput calibrators of the single mirror small size telescope prototype SST-1M proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

8. Software design for the control system for Small-Size Telescopes with single-mirror of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Porcelli, A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Rameez, M., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Schioppa, E. jr, Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., and Zychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Small-Size Telescope with single-mirror (SST-1M) is a 4 m Davies-Cotton telescope and is among the proposed telescope designs for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). It is conceived to provide the high-energy ($>$ few TeV) coverage. The SST-1M contains proven technology for the telescope structure and innovative electronics and photosensors for the camera. Its design is meant to be simple, low-budget and easy-to-build industrially. Each device subsystem of an SST-1M telescope is made visible to CTA through a dedicated industrial standard server. The software is being developed in collaboration with the CTA Medium-Size Telescopes to ensure compatibility and uniformity of the array control. Early operations of the SST-1M prototype will be performed with a subset of the CTA central array control system based on the Alma Common Software (ACS). The triggered event data are time stamped, formatted and finally transmitted to the CTA data acquisition. The software system developed to control the devices of an SST-1M telescope is described, as well as the interface between the telescope abstraction to the CTA central control and the data acquisition system., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

9. Development of the optical system for the SST-1M telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array observatory

Author

Seweryn, K., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Chruślińska, M., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Pueschel, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Rozwadowski, P., Schioppa, E. jr, Schovanek, P., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., Żychowski, P., Barciński, T., Karczewski, M., Kukliński, J. Nicolau, Płatos, Ł., Rataj, M., Wawer, P., and Wawrzaszek, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The prototype of a Davies-Cotton small size telescope (SST-1M) has been designed and developed by a consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions and proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory. The main purpose of the optical system is to focus the Cherenkov light emitted by extensive air showers in the atmosphere onto the focal plane detectors. The main component of the system is a dish consisting of 18 hexagonal mirrors with a total effective collection area of 6.47 m2 (including the shadowing and estimated mirror reflectivity). Such a solution was chosen taking into account the analysis of the Cherenkov light propagation and based on optical simulations. The proper curvature and stability of the dish is ensured by the mirror alignment system and the isostatic interface to the telescope structure. Here we present the design of the optical subsystem together with the performance measurements of its components., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

10. The SST-1M camera for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Schioppa, E. J., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Montaruli, T., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Bilnik, W., Blocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Curylo, M., Dyrda, M., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, L., Grudzinska, M., Idzkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszalek, A., Michaowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pasko, P., Pech, M., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowinski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., Zagdanski, A., Zietara, K., and Zychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The prototype camera of the single-mirror Small Size Telescopes (SST-1M) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) project has been designed to be very compact and to deliver high performance over thirty years of operation. The camera is composed of an hexagonal photo-detection plane made of custom designed large area hexagonal silicon photomultipliers and a high throughput, highly configurable, fully digital readout and trigger system (DigiCam). The camera will be installed on the telescope structure at the H. Niewodnicza{\'n}ski institute of Nuclear Physics in Krakow in fall 2015. In this contribution, we review the steps that led to the development of the innovative photo-detection plane and readout electronics, and we describe the test and calibration strategy adopted., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894; Full consortium author list at http://cta-observatory.org

Published
2015

11. Performance of the SST-1M telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array observatory

Author

Moderski, R., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Chruślińska, M., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Pueschel, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Rozwadowski, P., Schioppa, E. jr, Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The single mirror small-size telescope (SST-1M) is one of the telescope projects being proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array observatory by a sub-consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions. The SST-1M prototype structure is currently being constructed at the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Cracow, Poland, while the camera will be assembled at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. This prototype enables measurements of parameters having a decisive influence on the telescope performance. We present results of numerical simulations of the SST-1M performance based on such measurements. The telescope effective area, the expected trigger rates and the optical point spread function are calculated., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

12. Camera calibration strategy of the SST-1M prototype of the Cherenokov Telescope Array

Author

Prandini, E., Heller, M., Lyard, E., Schioppa, E. jr., Neronov, A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Rajda, P., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziętara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The SST-1M telescope is one of the prototypes under construction proposed to be part of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array. It uses a standard Davis-Cotton design for the optics and telescope structure, with a dish diameter of 4 meters and a large field-of-view of 9 degrees. The innovative camera design is composed of a photo-detection plane with 1296 pixels including entrance window, light concentrators, Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), and pre-amplifier stages together with a fully digital readout and trigger electronics, DigiCam. In this contribution we give a general description of the analysis chain designed for the SST-1M prototype. In particular we focus on the calibration strategy used to convert the SiPM signals registered by DigiCam to the quantities needed for Cherenkov image analysis. The calibration is based on an online feedback system to stabilize the gain of the SiPMs, as well as dedicated events (dark count, pedestal, and light flasher events) to be taken during the normal operation of the prototype., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

13. DigiCam - Fully Digital Compact Read-out and Trigger Electronics for the SST-1M Telescope proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Rajda, P., Ziętara, K., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Rameez, M., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Schioppa, E. jr, Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The SST-1M is one of three prototype small-sized telescope designs proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, and is built by a consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions. The SST-1M will operate with DigiCam - an innovative, compact camera with fully digital read-out and trigger electronics. A high level of integration will be achieved by massively deploying state-of-the-art multi-gigabit transmission channels, beginning from the ADC flash converters, through the internal data and trigger signals transmission over backplanes and cables, to the camera's server link. Such an approach makes it possible to design the camera to fit the size and weight requirements of the SST-1M exactly, and provide low power consumption, high reliability and long lifetime. The structure of the digital electronics will be presented, along with main physical building blocks and the internal architecture of FPGA functional subsystems., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

Published
2015

14. Characterization and commissioning of the SST-1M camera for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Aguilar, J.A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Medina Miranda, L.D., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E.jr, Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Published
2017
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15. The front-end electronics and slow control of large area SiPM for the SST-1M camera developed for the CTA experiment

Author

Aguilar, J.A., Bilnik, W., Borkowski, J., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Kasperek, J., Lyard, E., Marszałek, A., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E., Jr., Troyano Pujadas, I., Ziȩtara, K., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Curyło, M., Dyrda, M., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Lalik, K., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Michałowski, J., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśsko, P., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., and Żychowski, P.

Published
2016
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16. An innovative silicon photomultiplier digitizing camera for gamma-ray astronomy

Author

Heller, M., Schioppa, E. jr, Porcelli, A., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Ziȩtara, K., Volpe, D. della, Montaruli, T., Cadoux, F., Favre, Y., Aguilar, J. A., Christov, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Frankowski, A., Grudzińska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Miranda, L. D. Medina, Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Sliusar, V., Skowron, K., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., and Zagdański, A.

Published
2017
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18. DOP29 The Normalization and Transition of J-Pouch Phenotype in the Chicago Classification of Pouchitis

Author

Akiyama, S, primary, Cohen, N, additional, Traboulsi, C, additional, Rai, V, additional, Glick, L, additional, Yi, Y, additional, Runde, J, additional, Cohen, R, additional, Skowron, K, additional, Hurst, R, additional, Umanskiy, K, additional, Shogan, B, additional, Hyman, N, additional, Rubin, M, additional, Dalal, S, additional, Sakuraba, A, additional, Pekow, J, additional, Chang, E, additional, Ollech, J, additional, and Rubin, D, additional

Published
2021
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21. The Single Mirror Small Sized Telescope For The Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Heller, M., Schioppa, E., Porcelli, A., Troyano Pujadas, I., Zietara, K., Della Volpe, D., Montaruli, T., Cadoux, F., Favre, Y., Aguilar, J. A., Christov, A., Elisa Prandini, Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Bilnik, W., Blocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Frankowski, A., Grudzinska, M., Idzkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszalek, A., Medina Miranda, L. D., Michalowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pasko, P., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Sliusar, V., Skowron, K., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., Zagdanski, A., Cta Consortium, The, Heller, M., Schioppa, E. J., Porcelli, A., Troyano Pujadas, I., Zietara, K., della Volpe, D., Montaruli, T., Cadoux, F., Favre, Y., Aguilar, J. A., Christov, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Bilnik, W., Blocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Frankowski, A., Grudzinska, M., Idzkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszalek, A., Medina Miranda, L. D., Michalowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pasko, P., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Sliusar, V., Skowron, K., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., and Zagdanski, A.

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Hexagonal crystal system, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, Telescope, Silicon photomultiplier, Optics, law, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The Small Size Telescope with Single Mirror (SST-1M) is one of the proposed types of Small Size Telescopes (SST) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). About 70 SST telescopes will be part the CTA southern array which will also include Medium Sized Telescopes (MST) in its threshold configuration. Optimized for the detection of gamma rays in the energy range from 5 TeV to 300 TeV, the SST-1M uses a Davies-Cotton optics with a 4 m dish diameter with a field of view of 9 degrees. The Cherenkov light resulting from the interaction of the gamma-rays in the atmosphere is focused onto a 88 cm side-to-side hexagonal photo-detection plane. The latter is composed of 1296 hollow light guides coupled to large area hexagonal silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). The SiPM readout is fully digital readout as for the trigger system. The compact and lightweight design of the SST-1M camera offers very high performance ideal for gamma-ray observation requirement. In this contribution, the concept, design, performance and status of the first telescope prototype are presented., Comment: 7 pages, figure 6, Conference Gamma 2016 in Heildelberg

Published
2017

24. The small size telescope projects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Seweryn, K., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Chruślińska, M., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Pueschel, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Rozwadowski, P., Enrico Junior Schioppa, Schovanek, P., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., Żychowski, P., Barciński, T., Karczewski, M., Nicolau Kukliński, J., Płatos, Ł., Rataj, M., Wawer, P., Wawrzaszek, R., Seweryn, K., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Chruślińska, M., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Pueschel, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Rozwadowski, P., Schioppa, E. J., Schovanek, P., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., Żychowski, P., Barciński, T., Karczewski, M., Nicolau Kukliński, J., Płatos, Ł., Rataj, M., Wawer, P., and Wawrzaszek, R.

Subjects
astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The small size telescopes (SSTs), spread over an area of several square km, dominate the CTA sensitivity in the photon energy range from a few TeV to over 100 TeV, enabling for the detailed exploration of the very high energy gamma-ray sky. The proposed telescopes are innovative designs providing a wide field of view. Two of them, the ASTRI (Astrophysics con Specchi a Tecnologia Replicante Italiana) and the GCT (Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope) telescopes, are based on dual mirror Schwarzschild-Couder optics, with primary mirror diameters of 4 m. The third, SST-1M, is a Davies-Cotton design with a 4 m diameter mirror. Progress with the construction and testing of prototypes of these telescopes is presented. The SST cameras use silicon photomultipliers, with preamplifier and readout/trigger electronics designed to optimize the performance of these sensors for (atmospheric) Cherenkov light. The status of the camera developments is discussed. The SST sub-array will consist of about 70 telescopes at the CTA southern site. Current plans for the implementation of the array are presented.

Published
2015

26. Effect of electron beam and gamma radiation on drug‐susceptible and drug‐resistant Listeria monocytogenes strains in salmon under different temperature.

Author

Skowron, K., Grudlewska, K., Gryń, G., Skowron, K. J., Świeca, A., Paluszak, Z., Zimek, Z., Rafalski, A., and Gospodarek‐Komkowska, E.

Subjects
*LISTERIA monocytogenes, *DRUG resistance in bacteria, *ELECTRON beams, *GAMMA rays, *ANTIBIOTICS, *MEROPENEM
Abstract

Abstract: Aims: To investigate the effect of gamma radiation and high energy electron beam doses on the inactivation of antibiotic‐susceptible and antibiotic‐resistant Listeria monocytogenes strains inoculated on the surface of raw salmon fillets stored at different temperature (−20, 4 and 25°C). Methods and Results: The population of bacteria strains resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, meropenem, erythromycin and trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole was generated. When using gamma irradiation, the theoretical lethal dose ranged from 1·44 to 5·68 kGy and for electron beam the values ranged from 2·99 to 6·83 kGy. The theoretical lethal dose for both radiation methods was higher for antibiotic‐resistant strains. Gamma radiation proved to be a more effective method for extending salmon fillet shelf‐life. The evaluation of pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis electrophoregram revealed that the repair of radiation‐caused DNA damage occurred faster in antibiotic‐resistant L. monocytogenes strains. The number of live L. monocytogenes cells, 40 h after irradiation, also was higher in antibiotic‐resistant strain suspension. Conclusions: The present study showed that gamma radiation was more effective in the elimination of the tested micro‐organisms and food preservation, than a high energy electron beam. The antibiotic‐resistant L. monocytogenes strains were more resistant to both radiation methods. Significance and Impact of the Study: There are a lot of research on the effect of radiation on the number of bacteria in food products. However, there is almost no information about the effect of strain properties, such as drug susceptibility, virulence, etc., on their resistance to ionizing radiation. An increasing number of drug resistant bacterial strains isolated from food, encourages to take up this research subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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29. Control Software for the SST-1M Small-Size Telescope prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Sliusar, Vitalii, primary, Walter, Roland, additional, Lyard, Étienne, additional, Neronov, Andrii, additional, Alispach, Cyril Martin, additional, Al Samarai, Imen, additional, Cadoux, Frank Raphael, additional, Coco, Victor, additional, Della Volpe, Domenico, additional, Favre, Yannick, additional, Heller, Matthieu, additional, Montaruli, Teresa, additional, Njoh Ekoume, Theodore Rodrigue, additional, Troyano Pujadas, Isaac, additional, Pasko, Pawel, additional, Seweryn, Karol, additional, Mandat, Dusan, additional, Pech, Miroslav, additional, Schovanek, Petr, additional, Frankowski, A., additional, Janiak, M., additional, Moderski, Rafal, additional, Bulik, Tomek, additional, Grudzinska, M., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Ostrowski, Michal, additional, Stawarz, L., additional, Zagdanski, A., additional, Zietara, Krzystof, additional, Bilnik, W., additional, Kasperek, Jerzy, additional, Lalik, Krzysztof, additional, Rajda, Pawel, additional, Wiecek, M., additional, Blocki, J., additional, Mach, Emil, additional, Michalowski, Jerzy, additional, Niemiec, Jacek, additional, Rafalski, J., additional, Skowron, K., additional, Stodulska, Magdalena, additional, and Stodulski, Marek, additional

Published
2017
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31. Basal Tumor Cell Isolation and Patient-Derived Xenograft Engraftment Identify High-Risk Clinical Bladder Cancers

Author

Skowron, K. B., primary, Pitroda, S. P., additional, Namm, J. P., additional, Balogun, O., additional, Beckett, M. A., additional, Zenner, M. L., additional, Fayanju, O., additional, Huang, X., additional, Fernandez, C., additional, Zheng, W., additional, Qiao, G., additional, Chin, R., additional, Kron, S. J., additional, Khodarev, N. N., additional, Posner, M. C., additional, Steinberg, G. D., additional, and Weichselbaum, R. R., additional

Published
2016
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32. Front-end and slow control electronics for large area SiPMs used for the single mirror Small Size Telescope (SST-1M) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)

Author

Aguilar, J. A., additional, Bilnik, W., additional, Borkowski, J., additional, Cadoux, F., additional, Christov, A., additional, della Volpe, D., additional, Favre, Y., additional, Heller, M., additional, Kasperek, J., additional, Lyard, E., additional, Marszalek, A., additional, Moderski, R., additional, Montaruli, T., additional, Porcelli, A., additional, Prandini, E., additional, Rajda, P., additional, Rameez, M., additional, Schioppa, E. jr., additional, Troyano Pujadas, I., additional, Ziętara, K., additional, Blocki, J., additional, Bogacz, L., additional, Bulik, T., additional, Curyło, M., additional, Dyrda, M., additional, Frankowski, A., additional, Grudniki, Ł., additional, Grudzinska, M., additional, Idźkowski, B., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Janiak, M., additional, Lalik, K., additional, Mach, E., additional, Mandat, D., additional, Michalowski, J., additional, Neronov, A., additional, Niemiec, J., additional, Ostrowski, M., additional, Paśko, P., additional, Pech, M., additional, Schovanek, P., additional, Seweryn, K., additional, Skowron, K., additional, Sliusar, V., additional, Sowinski, M., additional, Stawarz, Ł., additional, Stodulska, M., additional, Stodulski, M., additional, Toscano, S., additional, Walter, R., additional, Więcek, M., additional, Zagdański, A., additional, and Żychowski, P., additional

Published
2016
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33. The single mirror small size telescope (SST-1M) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Aguilar, J. A., additional, Bilnik, W., additional, Borkowski, J., additional, Cadoux, F., additional, Christov, A., additional, della Volpe, D., additional, Favre, Y., additional, Heller, M., additional, Kasperek, J., additional, Lyard, E., additional, Marszałek, A., additional, Moderski, R., additional, Montaruli, T., additional, Porcelli, A., additional, Prandini, E., additional, Rajda, P., additional, Rameez, M., additional, Schioppa, E.jr, additional, Troyano Pujadas, I., additional, Ziętara, K., additional, Blocki, J., additional, Bogacz, L., additional, Bulik, T., additional, Frankowski, A., additional, Grudzinska, M., additional, Idźkowski, B., additional, Jamrozy, M., additional, Janiak, M., additional, Lalik, K., additional, Mach, E., additional, Mandat, D., additional, Michałowski, J., additional, Neronov, A., additional, Niemiec, J., additional, Ostrowski, M., additional, Paśko, P., additional, Pech, M., additional, Schovanek, P., additional, Seweryn, K., additional, Skowron, K., additional, Sliusar, V., additional, Stawarz, L., additional, Stodulska, M., additional, Stodulski, M., additional, Toscano, S., additional, Walter, R., additional, Wiȩcek, M., additional, and Zagdański, A., additional

Published
2016
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34. The effectiveness of radiant catalytic ionization in inactivation of <italic>Listeria monocytogenes</italic> planktonic and biofilm cells from food and food contact surfaces as a method of food preservation.

Author

Skowron, K., Grudlewska, K., Krawczyk, A., and Gospodarek‐Komkowska, E.

Subjects
*BACTERICIDES, *CATALYSTS, *LISTERIA monocytogenes, *PLANKTON, *FOOD preservation, *BIOFILMS
Abstract

Abstract: Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbicidal effectiveness of radiant catalytic ionization (RCI) against Listeria monocytogenes strains in the form of planktonic cells and biofilm on food products and food contact surfaces as a method of food preservation. Methods and Results: The study material comprised six strains of L. monocytogenes, isolated from food. Samples of different types of food available by retail (raw carrot, frozen salmon filets, soft cheese) and the fragments of surfaces (stainless steel AISI 304, rubber, milled rock tiles, polypropylene) were used in the experiment. The obtained results showed the effectiveness of RCI in the inactivation of both forms of the tested L. monocytogenes strains on all the surfaces. The effectiveness of RCI for biofilm forms was lower as compared with planktonic forms. The PRR value ranged from 18·19 to 99·97% for planktonic form and from 3·92 to 70·10% for biofilm. Conclusions: The RCI phenomenon induces the inactivation of L. monocytogenes on surfaces of food and materials used in the processing industry to a varying degree, depending on the manner of surface contamination, the properties of the contaminated materials as well as on the origin of the strain and the properties of surrounding dispersive environment in which the micro‐organisms were suspended. Significance and Impact of the Study: Searching of new actions aimed at the reduction of the microbial contamination of food and food contact surfaces are extremely important. RCI method has been already described as an effective technique of microbial and abiotic pollution removal from air. However, our studies provide new, additional data related to evaluation the RCI efficacy against microbes on different surfaces, both in planktonic and biofilm form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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35. Orthohantavirus Spp. – Review Of Genus

Author

Leis Kamil, Kaczor Patryk, Baska Aleksandra, Kazik Jakub, Kolan Michalina, Grudlewska-Buda Katarzyna, Wiktorczyk Natalia, and Skowron Krzysztof

Subjects
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, hfrs, hps, orthohantavirus, gorączka krwotoczna z zespołem nerkowym, hantawirusowy zespół płucny, orthohantawirus, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

The infections caused by orthohantaviruses were already known in the Middle Ages as “English sweats.” There are two main diseases caused by these viruses – HPS (hantavirus pulmonary syndrome) and HFRS (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome). Rodents are the main reservoir of these microorganisms, and humans usually catch them by inhalation, as a result of contact with secretions and droppings of carriers. HPS is characterized by a sudden onset, and symptoms include primarily cough, fever and difficulty breathing, and in extreme cases – respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. HFRS begins suddenly and the main manifestation includes fever, renal failure, hemorrhage, hematuria and proteinuria, as well as shock. At present, anti-hantavirus therapy with proven effectiveness does not exist. A key role in the treatment is resting lifestyle, electrolyte control, fluid therapy and prevention of hypotension, and in harder cases – administration of oxygen. Deviations from normal values in laboratory analyzes of people infected with this pathogen depend on the organ affected by the disease process

Published
2021
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36. Front-end and slow control electronics for large area SiPMs used for the single mirror Small Size Telescope (SST-1M) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)

Author

Holland, Andrew D., Beletic, James, Aguilar, J. A., Bilnik, W., Borkowski, J., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Kasperek, J., Lyard, E., Marszalek, A., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E. jr., Troyano Pujadas, I., Ziętara, K., Blocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Curyło, M., Dyrda, M., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, Ł., Grudzinska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Lalik, K., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Michalowski, J., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowinski, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., and Żychowski, P.

Published
2016
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37. DigiCam - Fully digital compact read-out and trigger electronics for the SST-1M telescope proposed for the cherenkov telescope array

Author

Rajdak, P., Zietara, K., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, L., Grudzinska, M., Heller, M., Idzkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Dusan Mandat, Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Rameez, M., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pasko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Schioppa, E., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowinski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., Zagdanski, A., Zychowski, P., Rajda, P., Ziętara, K., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Rameez, M., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Schioppa, E. J., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Telescope, Physics, Optics, business.industry, law, FOS: Physical sciences, Electronics, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, law.invention
Abstract

The SST-1M is one of three prototype small-sized telescope designs proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, and is built by a consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions. The SST-1M will operate with DigiCam - an innovative, compact camera with fully digital read-out and trigger electronics. A high level of integration will be achieved by massively deploying state-of-the-art multi-gigabit transmission channels, beginning from the ADC flash converters, through the internal data and trigger signals transmission over backplanes and cables, to the camera's server link. Such an approach makes it possible to design the camera to fit the size and weight requirements of the SST-1M exactly, and provide low power consumption, high reliability and long lifetime. The structure of the digital electronics will be presented, along with main physical building blocks and the internal architecture of FPGA functional subsystems., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

39. The SST-1M camera for the cherenkov telescope array

Author

Schioppa, E. J., Cadoux, F., Asen Christov, Della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Montaruli, T., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Troyano Pujadas, I., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Curyło, M., Dyrda, M., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, L., Grudzi Ńska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałekc, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Pech, M., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowínski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscanob, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdá Nski, A., Ziȩtara, K., Zychowski, P., Schioppa, E. J., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Montaruli, T., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Troyano Pujadas, I., Bilnik, W., Blocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Curylo, M., Dyrda, M., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, L., Grudzinska, M., Idzkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszalek, A., Michaowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pasko, P., Pech, M., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowinski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., Zagdanski, A., Zietara, K., and Zychowski, P.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The prototype camera of the single-mirror Small Size Telescopes (SST-1M) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) project has been designed to be very compact and to deliver high performance over thirty years of operation. The camera is composed of an hexagonal photo-detection plane made of custom designed large area hexagonal silicon photomultipliers and a high throughput, highly configurable, fully digital readout and trigger system (DigiCam). The camera will be installed on the telescope structure at the H. Niewodnicza{\'n}ski institute of Nuclear Physics in Krakow in fall 2015. In this contribution, we review the steps that led to the development of the innovative photo-detection plane and readout electronics, and we describe the test and calibration strategy adopted., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894; Full consortium author list at http://cta-observatory.org

40. Performance of the SST-1M telescope for the cherenkov telescope array observatory

Author

Moderski, R., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Chruń Sli Ńska, M., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, L., Grudzi Ńska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałekh, A., Michałowski, J., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Pechm, M., Porcelli, A., Elisa Prandini, Pueschel, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Rozwadowski, P., Schioppa, E., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowínski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdá Nski, A., Ziȩtara, K., Zychowski, P., Moderski, R., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Chruślińska, M., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Pueschel, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Rozwadowski, P., Schioppa, E. J., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The single mirror small-size telescope (SST-1M) is one of the telescope projects being proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array observatory by a sub-consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions. The SST-1M prototype structure is currently being constructed at the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Cracow, Poland, while the camera will be assembled at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. This prototype enables measurements of parameters having a decisive influence on the telescope performance. We present results of numerical simulations of the SST-1M performance based on such measurements. The telescope effective area, the expected trigger rates and the optical point spread function are calculated., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

41. Camera calibration strategy of the SST-1M prototype of the Cherenokov Telescope Array

Author

Prandini, E., Heller, M., Lyard, E., Schioppa, E., Neronov, A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, L., Grudzińska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałekc, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Miroslav Pech, Porcelli, A., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdanński, A., Ziȩtara, K., Zychowski, P., Prandini, E., Heller, M., Lyard, E., Schioppa, E., Neronov, A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Rajda, P., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziętara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The SST-1M telescope is one of the prototypes under construction proposed to be part of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array. It uses a standard Davis-Cotton design for the optics and telescope structure, with a dish diameter of 4 meters and a large field-of-view of 9 degrees. The innovative camera design is composed of a photo-detection plane with 1296 pixels including entrance window, light concentrators, Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), and pre-amplifier stages together with a fully digital readout and trigger electronics, DigiCam. In this contribution we give a general description of the analysis chain designed for the SST-1M prototype. In particular we focus on the calibration strategy used to convert the SiPM signals registered by DigiCam to the quantities needed for Cherenkov image analysis. The calibration is based on an online feedback system to stabilize the gain of the SiPMs, as well as dedicated events (dark count, pedestal, and light flasher events) to be taken during the normal operation of the prototype., In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

42. Using muon rings for the optical throughput calibration of the SST-1M prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Toscano, S., Prandini, E., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, L., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Marek Jamrozy, Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałekc, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiecek, M., Zagdański, A., Zietara, K., Zychowski, P., Toscano, S., Prandini, E., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Rameez, M., Rajda, P., Schioppa, E. J., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Więcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziętara, K., and Żychowski, P.

Subjects
Physics, Observatory, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Shevchenko, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Humanities, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are ground-based instruments devoted to the study of very high energy gamma-rays coming from space. The detection technique consists of observing images created by the Cherenkov light emitted when gamma rays, or more generally cosmic rays, propagate through the atmosphere. While in the case of protons or gamma-rays the images present a filled and more or less elongated shape, energetic muons penetrating the atmosphere are visualised as characteristic circular rings or arcs. A relatively simple analysis of the ring images allows the reconstruction of all the relevant parameters of the detected muons, such as the energy, the impact parameter, and the incoming direction, with the final aim to use them to calibrate the total optical throughput of the given IACT telescope. We present the results of preliminary studies on the use of images created by muons as optical throughput calibrators of the single mirror small size telescope prototype SST-1M proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array., Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.05894

43. Software design for the control system for small-size telescopes with single-mirror of the cherenkov telescope array

Author

Porcelli, A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, L., Grudzi Ńska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Rameez, M., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Pech, M., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Schioppa, E., Petr Schovánek, Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowínski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Troyano Pujadas, I., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdá Nski, A., Ziȩtara, K., Zychowski, P., Porcelli, A., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, Ł., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Rameez, M., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Paśko, P., Pech, M., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Schioppa, E. J., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, Ł., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Troyano Pujadas, I., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., and Zychowski, P.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Observatory, Shevchenko, ComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATION, FOS: Physical sciences, Généralités, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Humanities, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Small-Size Telescope with single-mirror (SST-1M) is a 4 m Davies-Cotton telescope and is among the proposed telescope designs for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). It is conceived to provide the high-energy (> few TeV) coverage. The SST-1M contains proven technology for the telescope structure and innovative electronics and photosensors for the camera. Its design is meant to be simple, low-budget and easy-to-build industrially. Each device subsystem of an SST-1M telescope is made visible to CTA through a dedicated industrial standard server. The software is being developed in collaboration with the CTA Medium-Size Telescopes to ensure compatibility and uniformity of the array control. Early operations of the SST-1M prototype will be performed with a subset of the CTA central array control system based on the Alma Common Software (ACS). The triggered event data are time stamped, formatted and finally transmitted to the CTA data acquisition. The software system developed to control the devices of an SST-1M telescope is described, as well as the interface between the telescope abstraction to the CTA central control and the data acquisition system., SCOPUS: cp.p, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

44. Prototype of the SST-1M telescope structure for the cherenkov telescope array

Author

Niemiec, J., Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Borkowski, J., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudnik, L., Grudzi Ńska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Dusan Mandat, Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Montaruli, T., Neronov, A., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowinski, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Troyanoujadas, I., Toscano, S., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdá Nski, A., Ziȩtara, K., Zychowski, P., Kłaczýnski, M., Kocierz, R., Kuras, P., Kurowski, P., Ortyl, L., and Owerko, T.

45. The small size telescope projects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Teresa Montaruli, Bilnik, W., Błocki, J., Bogacz, L., Bulik, T., Cadoux, F., Christov, A., Curyło, M., Della Volpe, D., Dyrda, M., Favre, Y., Frankowski, A., Grudniki, L., Grudzińska, M., Heller, M., Idźkowski, B., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, M., Kasperek, J., Lalik, K., Lyard, E., Mach, E., Mandat, D., Marszałek, A., Michałowski, J., Moderski, R., Neronov, A., Niemiec, J., Ostrowski, M., Pásko, P., Pech, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Rajda, P., Rameez, M., Schioppa, E., Schovanek, P., Seweryn, K., Skowron, K., Sliusar, V., Sowiński, M., Stawarz, L., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Toscano, S., Troyano Pujadas, I., Walter, R., Wiȩcek, M., Zagdanński, A., Ziȩtara, K., Zychowski, P., Abchiche, A., Amans, J. -P, Armstrong, T., Balzer, A., Berge, D., Bousquet, J. J., Brown, A., Bryan, M., Buchholtz, G., Chadwick, P., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Daniel, M., Frondat, F., Dournaux, J. L., Dumas, D., Ernenwein, J. P., Fasola, G., Franco, A., Gaudemard, J., Hinton, J., Huet, J. -M, Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Nolan, S. J., Osborne, J., Rosen, S., Ross, D., Sol, H., Rowell, G., Schmoll, J., Stuik, R., Sutcliffe, P., Sykes, J., Tajima, H., White, R., and Zech, A.

50. Development of a strategy for calibrating the novel SiPM camera of the SST-1M telescope proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Samarai, I. Al, Alispach, C., Pujadas, I. Troyano, Lyard, E., Neronov, A., Walter, R., Sliusar, V., Mach, E., Michałowski, J., Niemiec, J., Rafalski, J., Skowron, K., Cadoux, F., Stodulska, M., Stodulski, M., Bulik, T., Grudzińska, M., Jamrozy, M., Ostrowski, M., Stawarz, Ł., Zagdański, A., Ziȩtara, K., Paśko, P., Coco, V., Seweryn, K., Borkowski, J., Moderski, R., Kasperek, J., Rajda, P., Mandat, D., Pech, M., Schovanek, P., Travnicek, P., CTA SST-1M Collaboration, della Volpe, D., Favre, Y., Heller, M., Montaruli, T., Nagai, A., and Ekoume, T. R. S. Njoh

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Pixel, Cherenkov detector, business.industry, FOS: Physical sciences, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Silicon photomultiplier, Optics, Software, law, Observatory, Calibration, ddc:530, business, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

35th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Bexco, Busan, Korea, 12 Jul 2017 - 20 Jul 2017; Proceedings of Science (ICRC2017), 800 (2017)., CTA will comprise a sub-array of up to 70 small size telescopes (SSTs) at the southern array. The SST-1M project, a 4 m-diameter Davies Cotton telescope with 9 degrees FoV and a 1296 pixels SiPM camera, is designed to meet the requirements of the next generation ground based gamma-ray observatory CTA in the energy range above 3 TeV. Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) cameras of gamma-ray telescopes can achieve good performance even during high night sky background conditions. Defining a fully automated calibration strategy of SiPM cameras is of great importance for large scale production validation and online calibration. The SST-1M sub-consortium developed a software compatible with CTA pipeline software (CTApipe). The calibration of the SST-1M camera is based on the Camera Test Setup (CTS), a set of LED boards mounted in front of the camera. The CTS LEDs are operated in pulsed or continuous mode to emulate signal and night sky background respectively. Continuous and pulsed light data analysis allows us to extract single pixel calibration parameters to be used during CTA operation., Published by SISSA, Trieste

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