486 results on '"Sinularia"'
Search Results
2. The complete mitochondrial genome of Indo-Pacific soft coral Sinularia acuta Manuputty and van Ofwegen, 2007 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea)
- Author
-
Chaojie Yang, Farnaz Mahmoudi Shikhsarmast, Chunzheng Fu, and Chun-Yang Shen
- Subjects
sinularia acuta ,soft coral ,sinularia ,mitogenome ,phylogenetic status ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the soft coral Sinularia acuta Manuputty and van Ofwegen, 2007 was sequenced and annotated using Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS). The mitogenome of S. acuta was 18,730 bp in length and consisted of 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), and only one transfer RNA gene (tRNA-Met). The base composition was 30.18% A, 16.46% C, 19.35% G, and 34.00% T, with a total A + T content of 64.19%. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close evolutionary relationship among Sinularia acuta, Sinularia penghuensis, and Sinularia maxima.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Nanolobatone A, An Unprecedented Diterpenoid and Related New Casbanoids from the Hainan Soft Coral Sinularia nanolobata.
- Author
-
Liu, Jiao, Li, Song‐Wei, Zhao, Qing‐Min, Zhang, Zai‐Yong, Yao, Li‐Gong, Gu, Yu‐Cheng, Lan, Le‐Fu, and Guo, Yue‐Wei
- Subjects
- *
ALCYONACEA , *CIRCULAR dichroism , *TIME-dependent density functional theory , *STREPTOCOCCUS pyogenes - Abstract
Nanolobatone A, featuring an unprecedented tricyclo[10.3.0.01,2]pentadecane carbon skeleton, along with four new polyoxygenated and four unusual endoperoxide‐bridged casbane‐type diterpenoids were isolated from the Hainan soft coral Sinularia nanolobata. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, X‐ray diffraction analysis, and time‐dependent density functional theory/electronic circular dichroism calculations. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of new isolates was proposed. Bioassays revealed that nanolobatone A showed weak antibacterial activity against the Gram‐positive bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The complete mitochondrial genome of Indo-Pacific soft coral Sinularia acuta Manuputty and van Ofwegen, 2007 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea).
- Author
-
Yang, Chaojie, Shikhsarmast, Farnaz Mahmoudi, Fu, Chunzheng, and Shen, Chun-Yang
- Subjects
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ,ALCYONACEA ,OCTOCORALLIA ,RIBOSOMAL RNA ,TRANSFER RNA ,NUCLEOTIDE sequencing ,GENOMES - Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the soft coral Sinularia acuta Manuputty and van Ofwegen, 2007 was sequenced and annotated using Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS). The mitogenome of S. acuta was 18,730 bp in length and consisted of 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), and only one transfer RNA gene (tRNA-Met). The base composition was 30.18% A, 16.46% C, 19.35% G, and 34.00% T, with a total A + T content of 64.19%. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close evolutionary relationship among Sinularia acuta, Sinularia penghuensis, and Sinularia maxima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Genus and size-specific susceptibility of soft corals to 2020 bleaching event in the Philippines.
- Author
-
Baran, Christine C., Luciano, Rhea Mae A., Segumalian, Christine S., Valino, Darryl Anthony M., and Baria-Rodriguez, Maria Vanessa
- Subjects
- *
ALCYONACEA , *CORAL bleaching , *SESSILE organisms , *DEVIATORIC stress (Engineering) , *THERMAL stresses - Abstract
Soft corals are zooxanthellate sessile animals supporting various organisms in coral reefs. However, their populations are threatened by the impacts of ocean warming. Under thermal stress conditions, soft corals may experience mild to severe bleaching which may lead to death. Understanding soft coral bleaching responses highlights the importance in predicting how populations and diversity may be affected by changing climate scenarios. In this study, we examined the bleaching responses of the three dominant soft coral genera (Lobophytum, n = 1318; Sarcophyton, n = 116; Sinularia, n = 639 colonies) in the Bolinao-Anda Reef Complex (BARC), Pangasinan, north-western Philippines during the 2020 thermal stress event in terms of genus and colony size susceptibility, and zooxanthellae density. Degree heating week (DHW) data from 1986–2020 were obtained using remotely sensed data to determine thermal anomalies in the study sites. The maximum DHW (6.3) in 2020 occurred between July–August while bleaching surveys were done during October of the same year. The percentage of bleached portions in each colony was used to determine bleaching category: no bleaching (0%), moderately bleached (1–50%) and heavily bleached (>50%). Quantification of bleaching prevalence and susceptibility of colony sizes were determined by colony count and mean diameter measurements taken from quadrat photographs in October 2020. Haphazard tissue collection (∼3 cm) in each colony of three soft coral genera per bleaching category was done to quantify zooxanthellae density. Results showed that Lobophytum colonies had the lowest bleaching prevalence (41%), followed by Sinularia (66%) and Sarcophyton (78%). All colony size classes of the three genera were susceptible to bleaching. However, smaller colonies of Lobophytum (<15 cm), Sarcophyton (<5 cm) and Sinularia (<5 cm) showed less susceptibility than large colonies. Zooxanthellae density was significantly reduced in moderately and heavily bleached colonies. The results of this study highlight that bleaching susceptibility is genus specific, with Sarcophyton and Sinularia being more susceptible to bleaching than Lobophytum. Smaller colonies seemed to be less susceptible to bleaching than large-sized soft corals suggesting a differential thermal stress response. Spatial variations in bleaching prevalence were also found among reef sites with varying environmental conditions and thermal stress histories. This work provided initial observations on how bleaching affects soft corals. Further studies on soft coral community recovery are recommended to fully understand how these organisms perform after thermal stress events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Recovery of a symbiotic octocoral Sinularia heterospiculata after heat stress exposure.
- Author
-
Sikorskaya, Tatyana V., Ermolenko, Ekaterina V., and Boroda, Andrey V.
- Subjects
- *
OCTOCORALLIA , *CAROTENOIDS , *SPECIFIC gravity , *LIGHT absorption , *CHLOROPHYLL , *CORAL bleaching - Abstract
Extending our knowledge about the bleaching and recovery processes in octocorals can offer valuable insights to predict future reef responses to continuing climate change. The octocoral Sinularia heterospiculata was exposed to a heat stress (32°C) for 2 days and then recovered within 205 days. The coral's response was assessed by measuring total lipids, chlorophylls , carotenoids, and relative endosymbiont density. During the bleaching period, the coral lost half of its dinoflagellate symbionts; during the recovery period, it could completely restore their population. Photosynthetic activity of dinoflagellate symbionts was reduced after 1 week of recovery. However, the level of lipids was stable. The contents of chlorophyll b after the 2-day bleaching period increased relative to their proportion in the endosymbionts, which may be associated with the chlorophyll repackaging and absorption of more light. The content of carotenoids increases, which is probably associated with the complementary function of carotenoids as antioxidants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Karang Lunak Asal Teluk Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia
- Author
-
Didit Kustantio Dewanto, Finarti Finarti, Roni Hermawan, Samliok Ndobe, Putut Har Riyadi, and Wendy Alexander Tanod
- Subjects
sarcophyton ,sinularia ,dampia ,dpph ,antioksidan ,Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ,SH1-691 ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Bioaktif antioksidan merupakan substansi yang penting bagi kesehatan manusia. Karang lunak telah diketahui memproduksi bioaktif dengan keragaman struktur dan aktivitas biologi, termasuk memproduksi bioaktif antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan bioprospeksi karang lunak dari perairan Teluk Palu sebagai penghasil antioksidan. Penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel, identifikasi, ekstraksi (maserasi) karang lunak, skrining konstituen kimia, pengujian aktivitas antioksidan (penangkapan radikal DPPH), dan penentuan IC50. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Teluk Palu, pesisir desa Kabonga Besar, Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Berdasarkan bentuk koloni monomorfik, tujuh sampel karang lunak yang digunakan pada penelitian ini termasuk dalam genus Sinularia, Dampia dan Sarcophyton. Analisis konstituen kimia mengindikasikan adanya senyawa saponin, fenolik, triterpenoid, dan alkaloid. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, menunjukkan ekstrak kasar karang lunak menunjukkan persentase inhibisi radikal DPPH yang lemah. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan (metode DPPH) dari fraksi hasil partisi tujuh ekstrak kasar karang lunak berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dengan kategori kuat sampai lemah. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak karang lunak asal Teluk Palu berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Karang lunak di pesisir Desa Kabonga Besar didominasi oleh genus Sinularia.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The complete mitochondrial genome of soft coral Sinularia penghuensis Ofwegen and Benayahu, 2012 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea): the analysis of mitogenome organization and phylogeny
- Author
-
Chun-Yang Shen, Pei-Zheng Wang, Wei Xue, Zhao-Hui Liu, Jing-Yi Zhao, Xiao-Bo Tong, Chunwei Liu, Xiao-Fang Wu, Xiaonan Mao, Sihan Tian, and Chunzheng Fu
- Subjects
sinularia ,soft coral ,sinularia penghuensis ,mitogenome ,phylogenetic analysis ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of Sinularia penghuensis was sequenced and analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The present mitochondrial genome was 18730 bp in length, containing 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (cox1-cox3.nad1-nad6, nad4L, atp6, atp8, cytb, and MutS), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) (12S and 16S), and one transfer RNA gene (Met-tRNA). The phylogenetic analysis of family Alcyoniidae revealed that S. penghuensis and Sinularia maxima cluster together. Five species in Sinularia reveals high identity in mitogenome sequences that the lowest variable sites (SNPs) were found between S. penghuensis and S. maxima.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Cembranoids of Soft Corals: Recent Updates and Their Biological Activities.
- Author
-
Nurrachma, Marsya Yonna, Sakaraga, Deamon, Nugraha, Ahmad Yogi, Rahmawati, Siti Irma, Bayu, Asep, Sukmarini, Linda, Atikana, Akhirta, Prasetyoputri, Anggia, Izzati, Fauzia, Warsito, Mega Ferdina, and Putra, Masteria Yunovilsa
- Subjects
ALCYONACEA ,MARINE natural products ,DITERPENES ,NATURAL products ,ECOSYSTEM health ,ENVIRONMENTAL health - Abstract
Soft corals are well-known as excellent sources of marine-derived natural products. Among them, members of the genera Sarcophyton, Sinularia, and Lobophytum are especially attractive targets for marine natural product research. In this review, we reported the marine-derived natural products called cembranoids isolated from soft corals, including the genera Sarcophyton, Sinularia, and Lobophytum. Here, we reviewed 72 reports published between 2016 and 2020, comprising 360 compounds, of which 260 are new compounds and 100 are previously known compounds with newly recognized activities. The novelty of the organic molecules and their relevant biological activities, delivered by the year of publication, are presented. Among the genera presented in this report, Sarcophyton spp. produce the most cembranoid diterpenes; thus, they are considered as the most important soft corals for marine natural product research. Cembranoids display diverse biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. As cembranoids have been credited with a broad range of biological activities, they present a huge potential for the development of various drugs with potential health and ecological benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Screening of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity from the Soft Corals Sinularia sp. and Sarcophyton sp. Origin Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Author
-
Wendy Alexander Tanod, Masteria Yunovilsa Putra, Didit Kustantio Dewanto, Samliok Ndobe, and Putut Har Riyadi
- Subjects
DPPH ,Escherichia coli ,Sarcophyton ,Sinularia ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Ocean engineering ,TC1501-1800 ,Naval Science - Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Sinulariasp. and Sarcophyton sp. from the Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soft corals were identified as Sinulariasp. (SC1), Sinularia sp. (SC2), andSarcophytonsp. (SC3). Antibacterial activity was examined using agar diffusion well method. Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH radical scavenging method. The samples were macerated in MeOH: DCM. The crude extracts were partitioned with DCM, EtOAc, and BuOH. The crude extract of Sinulariasp. (SC2) showed a very strong antibacterial activity as it was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coliup to 10 mg/mL. Sinularia sp. (SC1) crude extract showed strong activity againstS. aureus, whereas it showed moderate against E. coli.Sarcophyton sp. (SC3) crude extract showed moderate activity against S. aureus, whereas it showed weak against E. coli. The partition fractions of the three soft coral extracts had the potential to be a potent antioxidant agent.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The effect of sinularia on spinal cord trauma.
- Author
-
Kaya, Ismail, Cingoz, Ilker Deniz, Aydin, Hasan Emre, Ozen, Hulya, Kizmazoglu, Ceren, Atar, Murat, Uzunoglu, Inan, and Yuceer, Nurullah
- Subjects
- *
SPINAL cord injuries , *CENTRAL nervous system injuries , *METHYLPREDNISOLONE , *STEROIDS , *GLUCOCORTICOIDS - Abstract
Aim: Spinal cord traumas have become a serious health problem with the increase in the ageing population in society. The present study aimed to show the anti-inflammatory activity of methylprednisolone and sinularia administered following spinal cord trauma. Materials and Methods: Sea corals are widely found on earth. Sinularia is one of the 17 known active substances of sinularia flexibilis, and several studies have been conducted on its anti-inflammatory, anti-oedema and cytotoxic effects. Despite the recent scientific studies, discussions continue as there are no effective treatment methods in use apart from methylprednisolone; however, the test animals received methylprednisolone treatment to compareits effects with those of sinularia, a secondary active ingredient of s. flexibilis. Results: Paired comparisons for serum IL-1β and tissue TNF-α were made with Dunn's test. When serum IL-1β and tissue TNF-α levels were evaluated, a significant difference was detected in the group taking sinularia treatment compared to the trauma group Sinularia treatment was more efficient on different cytokines and compared to methylprednisolone treatment used routinely, it significantly affected both IL-1β level and TNF-α levels in serum Conclusion: Anti-edematous, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of sinularia have been shown in our study. Sinularia, which has no known harmful effect on the human body according to the literature, may be clinically used in the future; however, more detailed and supportive experimental studies should be conducted on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Isolation and Identification of Cyclooctasulfur From the Octocoral Sinularia humilis (van Ofwegen, 2008).
- Author
-
Jhao-Syuan Zeng, Yi-Hung Liu, San-Nan Yang, Su-Ying Chien, Zhi-Hong Wen, Hsin-Tzu Liu, Yu-Chi Tsai, and Ping-Jyun Sung
- Subjects
OCTOCORALLIA ,MARINE invertebrates ,X-ray diffraction - Abstract
Chemical examination of the octocoral Sinularia humilis, collected in the waters of Taiwan, led to the isolation of S
8 (1). Its structure was determined by a single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis and this is the first time that S8 has been reported from a marine invertebrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Corals
- Author
-
Khalesi, Mohammad Kazem and Kim, Se-Kwon, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Soft Coral Genus Sinularia since 2013
- Author
-
Xia Yan, Jing Liu, Xue Leng, and Han Ouyang
- Subjects
soft coral ,Sinularia ,secondary metabolites ,bioactivity ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Sinularia is one of the conspicuous soft coral species widely distributed in the world’s oceans at a depth of about 12 m. Secondary metabolites from the genus Sinularia show great chemical diversity. More than 700 secondary metabolites have been reported to date, including terpenoids, norterpenoids, steroids/steroidal glycosides, and other types. They showed a broad range of potent biological activities. There were detailed reviews on the terpenoids from Sinularia in 2013, and now, it still plays a vital role in the innovation of lead compounds for drug development. The structures, names, and pharmacological activities of compounds isolated from the genus Sinularia from 2013 to March 2021 are summarized in this review.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The complete mitochondrial genome of soft coral Sinularia penghuensis Ofwegen and Benayahu, 2012 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea): the analysis of mitogenome organization and phylogeny.
- Author
-
Shen, Chun-Yang, Wang, Pei-Zheng, Xue, Wei, Liu, Zhao-Hui, Zhao, Jing-Yi, Tong, Xiao-Bo, Liu, Chunwei, Wu, Xiao-Fang, Mao, Xiaonan, Tian, Sihan, and Fu, Chunzheng
- Subjects
ALCYONACEA ,OCTOCORALLIA ,GENOMES ,MITOCHONDRIA ,RIBOSOMAL RNA ,TRANSFER RNA ,PHYLOGENY ,SHOTGUN sequencing - Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of Sinularia penghuensis was sequenced and analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The present mitochondrial genome was 18730 bp in length, containing 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (cox1-cox3.nad1-nad6, nad4L, atp6, atp8, cytb, and MutS), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) (12S and 16S), and one transfer RNA gene (Met-tRNA). The phylogenetic analysis of family Alcyoniidae revealed that S. penghuensis and Sinularia maxima cluster together. Five species in Sinularia reveals high identity in mitogenome sequences that the lowest variable sites (SNPs) were found between S. penghuensis and S. maxima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Characterization of bacterial community structure in two alcyonacean soft corals (Litophyton sp. and Sinularia sp.) from Chuuk, Micronesia
- Author
-
Seung Won Jung, Jeonghoon Han, Taek-Kyun Lee, Joon Sang Park, Sung-Suk Suh, and Hyun-Jung Kim
- Subjects
biology ,Spirochaeta ,Coral ,fungi ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Zoology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Vibrio ,Holobiont ,Microbial population biology ,Prochlorococcus ,Sinularia ,Rhodobacteraceae - Abstract
Microbes in the coral holobiont play important roles in nitrogen fixation, carbon supply, antibiotic production, mucus recycling, and food supply to maintain homeostasis in corals. However, microbes can also induce coral diseases in response to environmental changes under non-optimal conditions. Therefore, studies of microbial communities are needed to understand the health statuses of corals in response to environmental changes. In this study, we performed 16S rDNA metabarcoding to investigate the bacterial communities in two healthy alcyonacean soft coral species (Sinularia sp. and Litophyton sp.) inhabiting the coast of Weno Island (Chuuk, Micronesia) and in ambient seawater. We identified 18 bacterial phyla, 24 classes, 54 orders, 109 families, and 222 genera associated with the two corals and seawater. The bacterial communities differed in the corals and seawater. The bacterial community in Sinularia sp. was dominated by the genus Spirochaeta in Spirochaetaceae (63.9% relative abundance), followed by Endozoicomonas (10%). In Litophyton sp., the bacterial community also contained Spirochaeta (19.5%) and Endozoicomonas (4.7%), although Cellvibrionaceae (23.7%) was dominant and other groups such as Rhizobiales (11.5%) and Rhodospirillales (8.7%) were evenly distributed. In ambient seawater, the predominant bacteria were Pelagibacter (29.2%), Rhodobacteraceae (15.5%), Prochlorococcus (11.3%), and Vibrio (5.8%), which are distinct from the species in the two coral species. The microbial communities between the two alcyonacean soft corals and seawater were different, and the microbial community differences were coral species-specific.
- Published
- 2021
17. Two new cytotoxic steroids from the Chinese soft coral Sinularia sp.
- Author
-
Li, Song-Wei, Chen, Wen-Ting, Yao, Li-Gong, and Guo, Yue-Wei
- Subjects
- *
STEROIDS , *DIHYDROFURANS , *SPECTROMETRY , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity - Abstract
Two new steroids, ximaosteroid E ( 1 ) and ximaosteroid F ( 2 ), along with two known related compounds ( 3 and 4 ), were isolated from the Chinese soft coral Sinularia sp . Notably, 1 possesses an uncommon dihydrofuran group. Their structures were established from extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparisons of their spectral data with those reported in the literature. The absolute configuration of 2 was determined by applying the modified Mosher’s method. In bioassay, compounds 1 , 2 , and 4 showed significant cytotoxicity against the HL-60 tumor cell line with IC 50 values of 1.79, 4.03 and 0.69 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Uncommon Polycyclic Merosesquiterpenoids and Asteriscanoids from the Hainan Soft Coral Sinularia humesi †
- Author
-
Li-Gong Yao, Yue-Wei Guo, Zi-Hui Chen, and Qihao Wu
- Subjects
biology ,Chemistry ,Coral ,Botany ,General Chemistry ,Sinularia ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2021
19. Sinusiaetone A, an Anti-inflammatory Norditerpenoid with a Bicyclo[11.3.0]hexadecane Nucleus from the Hainan Soft Coral Sinularia siaesensis
- Author
-
Yue-Wei Guo, Zi-Rong Zeng, Zi-Hui Chen, Hai-Yan Zhang, Hui Luo, Bao Chen, Wang-Sheng Li, Xu-Wen Li, Jian-Rong Wang, and Zai-Yong Zhang
- Subjects
Quantum chemical ,Bicyclic molecule ,biology ,Stereochemistry ,Chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,Coral ,Organic Chemistry ,Carbon skeleton ,Hexadecane ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Anti-inflammatory ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Sinularia ,Nucleus - Abstract
A novel norditerpenoid, sinusiaetone A (1), featuring an uncommon bicyclo[11.3.0]hexadecane carbon skeleton, and four polyoxygenated cembranoids (2-5) were isolated from the Hainan soft coral Sinularia siaesensis. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction, quantum chemical computational approaches, and/or a modified Mosher's method. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 and its biogenetic relationship with 2-5 were proposed. New compounds 1-3 displayed an interesting inhibitory activity against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in BV-2 microglial cells.
- Published
- 2021
20. Sinularamides A–G, Terpenoid-Derived Spermidine and Spermine Conjugates with Casitas B-Lineage Lymphoma Proto-Oncogene B (Cbl-b) Inhibitory Activities from a Sinularia sp. Soft Coral
- Author
-
Emily A. Smith, Brice A P Wilson, Kirk R. Gustafson, Dongdong Wang, Wei Jiang, Stanley Lipkowitz, Heidi R. Bokesch, Donna Voeller, and Barry R. O'Keefe
- Subjects
Spermidine ,Palau ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Spermine ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl ,Sinularia ,Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,DNA ligase ,Molecular Structure ,biology ,Oncogene ,Terpenes ,010405 organic chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Anthozoa ,biology.organism_classification ,Terpenoid ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Molecular Medicine ,Conjugate - Abstract
An extract of a Sinularia sp. soft coral showed inhibitory activity against the E3-ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene B (Cbl-b). Subsequent bioassay-guided separation of the extract provided a series of terpenoid-derived spermidine and spermine amides that were named sinularamides A–G (1–7). Compounds 1–7 represent new natural products; however, sinularamide A (1) was previously reported as a synthetic end product. The structures of sinularamides A–G (1–7) were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data from NMR, IR, and HRESIMS experiments and by comparison with literature data. All of the isolated compounds showed Cbl-b inhibitory activities with IC(50) values that ranged from approximately 6.5 to 33 μM.
- Published
- 2021
21. A Brief Review on New Naturally Occurring Cembranoid Diterpene Derivatives from the Soft Corals of the Genera Sarcophyton, Sinularia, and Lobophytum Since 2016
- Author
-
Inna Glibka Rodrigues, Maria Graça Miguel, and Wissem Mnif
- Subjects
Sarcophyton ,Sinularia ,Lobophytum ,anti-microbial ,anti-inflammatory ,anti-tumoral ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
This work reviews the new isolated cembranoid derivatives from species of the genera Sarcophyton, Sinularia, and Lobophytum as well as their biological properties, during 2016⁻2018. The compilation permitted to conclude that much more new cembranoid diterpenes were found in the soft corals of the genus Sarcophyton than in those belonging to the genera Lobophytum or Sinularia. Beyond the chemical composition, the biological properties were also reviewed, namely anti-microbial against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral against several types of cancer cells. In spite of the biological activities detected in almost all samples, there is a remarkable diversity in the results which may be attributed to the chemical variability that needs to be deepened in order to develop new molecules with potential application in medicine.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Metabolites from the Paracel Islands Soft Coral Sinularia cf. molesta
- Author
-
Mei-Jun Chu, Xu-Li Tang, Xiao Han, Tao Li, Xiang-Chao Luo, Ming-Ming Jiang, Leen van Ofwegen, Lian-Zhong Luo, Gang Zhang, Ping-Lin Li, and Guo-Qiang Li
- Subjects
Marine soft coral ,Sinularia ,terpenoids ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Five new oxygenated sesquiterpenes, molestins A⁻D (1, 3⁻5) and epi-gibberodione (2), three new cyclopentenone derivatives, ent-sinulolides C, D, and F ((+)-9⁻(+)-11), one new butenolide derivative, ent-sinulolide H ((+)-13), and one new cembranolide, molestin E (14), together with 14 known related metabolites (6⁻8, (⁻)-9⁻(⁻)-11, (±)-12, (⁻)-13, 15⁻19) were isolated from the Paracel Islands soft coral Sinularia cf. molesta. The structures and absolute configurations were elucidated based on comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, quantum chemical calculations, and comparison with the literature data. Compound 5 is the first example of a norsesquiterpene with a de-isopropyl guaiane skeleton isolated from the genus Sinularia. Molestin E (14) exhibited cytotoxicities against HeLa and HCT-116 cell lines with IC50 values of 5.26 and 8.37 μM, respectively. Compounds 4, 5, and 8 showed significant inhibitory activities against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with IC50 values of 218, 344, and 1.24 μM, respectively.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Uncommon Diterpenoids from the South China Sea Soft Coral Sinularia humilis and Their Stereochemistry
- Author
-
Jie Li, Li-Gong Yao, Xu-Wen Li, Yue-Wei Guo, Hai-Yan Zhang, Li-Li Sun, Hui Luo, and Wang-Sheng Li
- Subjects
Circular dichroism ,South china ,biology ,Stereochemistry ,Coral ,Organic Chemistry ,Ether ,Ring (chemistry) ,biology.organism_classification ,Oxirene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Sinularia ,Optical rotatory dispersion - Abstract
The chemical investigation of the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia humilis has resulted in the isolation of a library of diverse diterpenoids, including four new cembranoids, namely, humilisins A-D (1-4), two new uncommon diterpenoids possessing a tetradecahydrocyclopenta[3',4']cyclobuta[1',2':4,5]cyclonona[1,2-b]oxirene ring system, namely, humilisins E and F (5 and 6), and eight known related compounds (7-14). Humilisin A (1) is the first cembranoid with an ether linkage between C-3 and C-7. The structures and absolute configurations of 1-8 were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analyses, chemical reactions, and a series of quantum chemical calculations including quantum mechanical-nuclear magnetic resonance (QM-NMR), time-dependent density functional theory-electronic circular dichroism (TDDFT-ECD), and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) methods. In bioassay, compound 6 displayed anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells.
- Published
- 2021
24. Secondary Metabolites from the Leather Coral-Derived Fungal Strain Xylaria sp. FM1005 and Their Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitory Activity
- Author
-
Kh Ahammad Uz Zaman, Hyung Sik Kim, Xiaohua Wu, Lela DeVine, Shugeng Cao, Jae Hyeon Park, and Zhenquan Hu
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,biology ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,HEK 293 cells ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,Phenylacetic acid ,biology.organism_classification ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Tyrosine ,Sinularia ,Cytotoxicity ,Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa ,Quinazolinone - Abstract
Five new tyrosine derivatives (1-5), one new phenylacetic acid derivative (6), two new quinazolinone analogues (7 and 8), one new naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (9), and one new 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin derivative (10), together with seven known compounds, were isolated from the fungus Xylaria sp. FM1005, which was isolated from Sinularia densa (leather coral) collected in the offshore region of the Big Island, Hawaii. The structures of compounds 1-10 were elucidated by extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS, and ECD data. Due to their structure similarity to the antiplatelet drug tirofiban, compounds 1-5 together with 6 were investigated for their antithrombotic activities. Compounds 1 and 2 strongly inhibited the binding of fibrinogen to purified integrin IIIb/IIa in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 values of 0.89 and 0.61 μM, respectively, and compounds 1 and 2 did not show any cytotoxicity against A2780 and HEK 293 at 40 μM.
- Published
- 2021
25. Chemical constituents from the South China sea soft coral Sinularia humilis
- Author
-
Bao Chen, Xia-Juan Huan, Yue-Wei Guo, Xu-Wen Li, Jie Li, Meng-Jun Wu, Zi-Hui Chen, and Ze-Hong Miao
- Subjects
Quantum chemical ,South china ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Coral ,Organic Chemistry ,Adenocarcinoma cell ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Terpenoid ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Chemical constituents ,Sinularia ,Human colon - Abstract
A new diterpenoid with an unusual capnosane skeleton, sinuhumilol A (1), alone with twelve known diverse compounds (2-13), were isolated from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia humilis. Their structures and stereochemistry were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations, and/or by the comparison of the spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. In bioassay, compound 11 exhibited interesting specific cytotoxicity against the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 with IC50 value of 12.5 µM.
- Published
- 2020
26. Comparison of Symbiotic Bacterial Community of Soft Corals Sarcophyton and Sinularia of the Hainan Province, (South China Sea, China)
- Author
-
Weidong Li, Hao Lu, Lu Wang, Alireza Asem, and Pei-Zheng Wang
- Subjects
South china ,biology ,Sarcophyton ,Ecology ,fungi ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Genetics ,natural sciences ,Microbiome ,Sinularia ,China ,geographic locations - Abstract
Changes in the microbial community associated with environmental impacts can lead to opportunistic infections, coral disease and death. Diversity analysis and community comparison were performed on 23 collected soft Coral specimens from South China See surrounding Hainan Province (China) based on Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that Proteobacteria was the main symbiotic bacteria in soft corals. In the same geographical location, the diversity and abundance of symbiotic bacteria in the genus Sinularia are higher than genus Sarcophyton. Unlike Sinularia, the genus Sarcophyton is more inclined to Tenericutes. Furthermore, the same coral species has different bacterial community structure in different environments. The temperature difference between sampling points at 2 ℃ is the main factor affecting the results. A large number of Endozoicomonas found in stone corals have not become the dominant bacteria associated with soft corals. Coral-related pathogenic bacteria were not found in this investigation. This study provided a baseline for future studies of soft coral microbiomes, and assessment of functions of host metabolites and soft coral holobionts. Our result documented that same coral species in each locality represent identical pattern of bacterial diversity and community.
- Published
- 2020
27. Habitat preferences of the Pteroclava krempfi-alcyonaceans symbiosis: inner vs outer coral reefs.
- Author
-
Montano, Simone, Allevi, Virginia, Seveso, Davide, Maggioni, Davide, and Galli, Paolo
- Abstract
Herein, we provide observation on the ecological relationships between the hydrozoan species Pteroclava krempfi and three alcyonacean genera: Lobophytum, Sarcophyton and Sinularia from protected and exposed reef habitats in the Maldives. The associations were found to be widespread in the investigated area with both an overall and taxon-specific symbiosis prevalence higher in the exposed reef sites. Pteroclava krempfi most frequently occurred with Lobophytum, followed by Sinularia and Sarcophyton. The prevalence of P. krempfi with soft corals was also positively correlated to percent host cover, which was higher in the outer reef sites, suggesting a host-reliant relationship for the hydrozoan. However, the nature of these relationships, as as well as the factors that drive their establishment, requires further investigation. The widespread degradation of coral reef ecosystems endangers the existence of many poorly understood, but intimate relationships that often go unrecognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A New 5α,8α-Epidioxysterol from the Soft Coral Sinularia gaweli
- Author
-
Ping-Jyun Sung, Zhi-Hong Wen, Chan-Shing Lin, Yung-Husan Chen, Jyh-Horng Sheu, Yu-Chia Chang, Yu-Hsin Chen, Yin-Di Su, Jui-Hsin Su, Chang-Feng Dai, Mei-Chin Lu, Ching-Hsiao Cheng, Wei-Hsuan Yen, and Wu-Fu Chen
- Subjects
Sinularia ,epidioxysterol ,cytotoxicity ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
A new sterol, (22R,23R,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-22,23-methylene-24-methyl-cholest-6,9(11)-dien-3β-ol (1), and two known sterols, (22R,23R,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-22,23-methylene-24-methylcholest-6-en-3β-ol (2) and 24-methylenecholestane-1α,3β,5α, 6β,11α-pentol (3), were isolated from the soft coral Sinularia gaweli. The structure of sterol 1 was established by spectroscopic methods and by comparison of the spectral data with those of known analogues. The cytotoxicity of sterols 1–3 towards various tumor cells is reported.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. New Casbane Diterpenoids from a South China Sea Soft Coral, Sinularia sp.
- Author
-
Xinxiang Lei, Jianyong Dong, Yuepiao Cai, Zheng Xiang, Yuping Xu, Minshan Ma, Min Zhao, Jian Yin, Kexin Huang, and Pengcheng Yan
- Subjects
soft coral ,Sinularia ,casbane diterpenoids ,cytotoxicity ,NO inhibition ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Six new casbane diterpenoids, named as sinularcasbanes A–F (1–6), along with six known analogues 7–12, were isolated from a South China Sea soft coral, Sinularia sp. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with data reported in the literature. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines and the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Norcembranoidal Diterpenes from a Formosan Soft Coral Sinularia sp.
- Author
-
Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Ping-Jyun Sung, Ching-Feng Weng, Chia-Hung Lee, Show-Ying Yang, Yung-Chi Kuo, Wen-Hung Twan, Mei-Chin Lu, Jui-Hsin Su, Wei-Hsuan Yen, and Li-Chung Hu
- Subjects
Sinularia ,norcembranoidal diterpene ,cytotoxicity ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Two norcembranoidal diterpenes, 5-episinuleptolide acetate (1) and scabrolide D (2), were isolated from a Formosan octocoral identified as Sinularia sp. The structures of norcembranoids 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic methods and by comparison of the spectral data with those of known analogues and 1 was proven to be a new natural product. Norcembranoid 1 was found to exhibit cytotoxicity toward a panel of tumor cells.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. GC-MS analysis of bioactive components in six different crude extracts from the Soft Coral (Sinularia maxim) collected from Ras Mohamed, Aqaba Gulf, Red Sea, Egypt
- Author
-
Khalied A. El-Damhougy, Hamdy A. Abo-Taleb, Mansour A.E. Bashar, Mohamed Ashour, Amir S. Metwally, and Hussein A. El-Naggar
- Subjects
Coral ,Botany ,Maxim ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Sinularia ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2020
32. New approaches to species delimitation and population structure of anthozoans: Two case studies of octocorals using ultraconserved elements and exons
- Author
-
Andrea M. Quattrini, Alicia Pentico, Katie L. Erickson, and Catherine S. McFadden
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Octocorallia ,Range (biology) ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,DNA barcoding ,DNA sequencing ,Population genomics ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetics ,Animals ,14. Life underwater ,Sinularia ,Phylogeny ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Alcyonium ,biology ,Exons ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Anthozoa ,biology.organism_classification ,Biological Evolution ,Genetics, Population ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Conservation status ,Biotechnology - Abstract
As coral populations decline worldwide in the face of ongoing environmental change, documenting their distribution, diversity and conservation status is now more imperative than ever. Accurate delimitation and identification of species is a critical first step. This task, however, is not trivial as morphological variation and slowly evolving molecular markers confound species identification. New approaches to species delimitation in corals are needed to overcome these challenges. Here, we test whether target enrichment of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exons can be used for delimiting species boundaries and population structure within species of corals by focusing on two octocoral genera, Alcyonium and Sinularia, as exemplary case studies. We designed an updated bait set (29,181 baits) to target-capture 3,023 UCE and exon loci, recovering a mean of 1,910 ± 168 SD per sample with a mean length of 1,055 ± 208 bp. Similar numbers of loci were recovered from Sinularia (1,946 ± 227 SD) and Alcyonium (1,863 ± 177 SD). Species-level phylogenies were highly supported for both genera. Clustering methods based on filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms delimited species and populations that are congruent with previous allozyme, DNA barcoding, reproductive and ecological data for Alcyonium, and offered further evidence of hybridization among species. For Sinularia, results were congruent with those obtained from a previous study using restriction site associated DNA sequencing. Both case studies demonstrate the utility of target-enrichment of UCEs and exons to address a wide range of evolutionary and taxonomic questions across deep to shallow timescales in corals.
- Published
- 2020
33. A Great Barrier Reef Sinularia sp. Yields Two New Cytotoxic Diterpenes
- Author
-
Cherie A. Motti, Catherine H. Liptrot, Anthony D. Wright, Jonathan L. Nielson, and Dianne M. Tapiolas
- Subjects
Sinularia ,Alcyoniidae ,anticancer activity ,lobane ,cembrane ,diterpene ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The methanol extract of a Sinularia sp., collected from Bowden Reef, Queensland, Australia, yielded ten natural products. These included the new nitrogenous diterpene (4R*,5R*,9S*,10R*,11Z)-4-methoxy-9-((dimethylamino)-methyl)-12,15-epoxy-11(13)-en-decahydronaphthalen-16-ol (1), and the new lobane, (1R*,2R*,4S*,15E)-loba-8,10,13(14),15(16)-tetraen-17,18-diol-17-acetate (2). Also isolated were two known cembranes, sarcophytol-B and (1E,3E,7E)-11,12-epoxycembratrien-15-ol, and six known lobanes, loba-8,10,13(15)-triene-16,17,18-triol, 14,18-epoxyloba-8,10,13(15)-trien-17-ol, lobatrientriol, lobatrienolide, 14,17-epoxyloba-8,10,13(15)-trien-18-ol-18-acetate and (17R)-loba-8,10,13(15)-trien-17,18-diol. Structures of the new compounds were elucidated through interpretation of spectra obtained after extensive NMR and MS investigations and comparison with literature values. The tumour cell growth inhibition potential of 1 and 2 along with loba-8,10,13(15)-triene-16,17,18-triol, 14,17-epoxyloba-8,10,13(15)-trien-18-ol-18-acetate, lobatrienolide, (1E,3E,7E)-11,12-epoxycembratrien-15-ol and sarcophytol-B were assessed against three human tumour cell lines (SF-268, MCF-7 and H460). The lobanes and cembranes tested demonstrated 50% growth inhibition in the range 6.8–18.5 µM, with no selectivity, whilst 1 was less active (GI50 70–175 µM).
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Terpenoids of Sinularia soft corals: chemistry and bioactivity
- Author
-
Wen-ting Chen, Yan Li, and Yue-wei Guo
- Subjects
Sinularia ,Secondary metabolites ,Terpenoids ,Bioactivity ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Soft corals of the genus Sinularia are one of the most widespread soft corals. They are a rich source of bioactive substances with intriguing and unique structural features. The present paper reviews the latest progress in the chemistry and pharmacological activities of terpenoids from Sinularia soft corals and provides a perspective on future areas of research interest.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Bioactive Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Genus Sinularia sp. in Borneo
- Author
-
Takashi Kamada, Min-Cheol Kang, Chin-Soon Phan, Intan Irna Zanil, You-Jin Jeon, and Charles S. Vairappan
- Subjects
cembrane ,terpenoid ,soft coral ,Sinularia ,anti-inflammation ,apoptosis ,structure-activity relationship ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Soft corals are known to be prolific producers of a wide spectrum of biologically active cembranoids. One new cembranoid, sinularolide F (2), along with three known compounds, cembranolide (1), (E,E,E)-6,10,14-trimethyl-3-methylene-cis-3α,4,5,8,9,12,13,15α-octahydrocyclo tetradeca[β]furan-2(3H)-one (3), and denticulatolide (4), were isolated from the Bornean soft coral Sinularia sp. Compounds 2 and 4 showed potential anti-inflammatory activities against lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 with IC50 values less than 6.25 µg/mL and anticancer activity against HL60 cell lines. The compounds’ mechanisms of action were investigated via the Western blot evaluation of their protein markers. These activities could be attributed to the presence of tertiary methyl at C-8 and the compounds’ 3D configurations.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The complete mitochondrial genome of soft coral Sinularia penghuensis Ofwegen and Benayahu, 2012 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea): the analysis of mitogenome organization and phylogeny
- Author
-
Zhao-Hui Liu, Jing-Yi Zhao, Wei Xue, Chunzheng Fu, Pei-Zheng Wang, Xiaonan Mao, Chunwei Liu, Chun-Yang Shen, Xiao-Fang Wu, Sihan Tian, and Xiao-Bo Tong
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Mitochondrial DNA ,mitogenome ,Octocorallia ,biology ,phylogenetic analysis ,Coral ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Alcyonacea ,Phylogenetics ,Evolutionary biology ,soft coral ,Genetics ,Sinularia penghuensis ,Sinularia ,Molecular Biology ,Mitogenome Announcement ,Research Article - Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of Sinularia penghuensis was sequenced and analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The present mitochondrial genome was 18730 bp in length, containing 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (cox1-cox3.nad1-nad6, nad4L, atp6, atp8, cytb, and MutS), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) (12S and 16S), and one transfer RNA gene (Met-tRNA). The phylogenetic analysis of family Alcyoniidae revealed that S. penghuensis and Sinularia maxima cluster together. Five species in Sinularia reveals high identity in mitogenome sequences that the lowest variable sites (SNPs) were found between S. penghuensis and S. maxima.
- Published
- 2021
37. 1H NMR Reassignment for Z/E-Benzomalvins B and Absolute Configuration of Benzomalvin C
- Author
-
Ling Lu, Wei-Feng Xu, Rong Chao, Chang-Lun Shao, Yan-Wei Wu, and Chang-Yun Wang
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,South china ,biology ,Double bond ,Chemistry ,Absolute configuration ,Plant Science ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Single Crystal Diffraction ,Crystallography ,Proton NMR ,Sinularia - Abstract
Benzomalvins B, C, and E (1, 2, and 3) were simultaneously obtained from the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. isolated from the soft coral Sinularia sp., collected from South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data and by comprehensive comparison with those previously reported in the literature. The stability of the double bond of E-benzomalvin B (1) under different light conditions was investigated, and 1 was transformed to Z-benzomalvin B (1′) with UV 365 nm irradiation. In particular, the incorrect 1H NMR data of 1′ in the literature was reassigned for the first time. Moreover, the absolute configuration of benzomalvin C (2) was also reported for the first time by X-ray single crystal diffraction.
- Published
- 2021
38. The impacts of climate change and post bleaching effects on the octocoral communities of Gulf of Mannar, India
- Author
-
J.K. Patterson Edward, P. K. Dinesh Kumar, and Mahalakshmi Boopathi
- Subjects
food.ingredient ,genetic structures ,biology ,Ecology ,Sarcophyton ,Climate change ,Context (language use) ,biology.organism_classification ,Lobophytum ,food ,Tissue degradation ,Subergorgia ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,sense organs ,Sinularia - Abstract
The objective of the present study is to assess the status of the octocoral communities, and the extent of bleaching they suffered in 2016 (in line with the third Global Bleaching Event). Bleaching survey was carried out in the permanently fixed study sites in the 21 island of Gulf of Mannar. A focused study was carried out in Kariyachalli Island to monitor post-bleaching effects on octocorals. The overall octocoral cover in 2015 was 1.59±0.29%, and octocoral genera such as Sinularia, Sarcophyton, Lobophytum and Subergorgia were observed predominantly in GoM (Gulf of Mannar). Temperature reached a maximum of 32.5°C (March) during 2016 bleaching. The extent of bleaching in 2016 was 1.05±0.65% and the overall octocoral cover was reduced to 1.16±0.22%. Multiple paired t-test results indicate a significant variation in the octocoral covers between 2015 and 2016 (t = 3.173, p
- Published
- 2021
39. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of some soft corals inhabiting the red sea, Egypt
- Author
-
Alaa G. M. Osman, Abdallah Ahmed Alian, Abo Bakr Abdel Shakor, and Khaled Mohammed Geba
- Subjects
biology ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Dendronephthya ,medicine ,Sinularia ,Cytotoxicity ,Antibacterial activity ,IC50 - Abstract
Cancer and infectious diseases are notoriously known as deleterious health threats for the world, especially in the developing countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extracts of the soft corals Nephthea elatensis, Heteroxenia fuscescens, Ellisella juncea, Dendronephthya mollis, and Sinularia hirta, that are native to the Red Sea in Egypt. The cytotoxicity assay was carried out by the enzymatic reduction of 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549). Moreover, the antimicrobial activity was carried out against 11 human pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains using well-cut diffusion technique, while the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were determined by microdilution method. Nephthea elatensis showed potent cytotoxicity [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 11.9 ± 1.2 µg/mL]. Also, it exhibited a potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(MIC 1.0 µg/mL). Sinularia hirta exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against Salmonella typhimurium and S. aureus (MIC 5.0 and 10.0 µg/mL, respectively). The results recommended N. elatensis and S. hirta as promising sources for new anticancer and antibiotic natural candidates.
- Published
- 2021
40. Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Potential of Two Steroids from the Indonesian Soft Coral Sinularia polydactila
- Author
-
Firmansyah Karim, Masteria Yunovilsa Putra, and Aji Nugroho
- Subjects
biology ,Chemistry ,Coral ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Brine shrimp ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,Steroid ,Microbiology ,Colon carcinoma ,medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Sinularia ,Antibacterial activity - Abstract
Background: Soft corals of the genus Sinularia are well recognized as a rich source of steroidal compounds. These constituents have been reported as possessing antitumor, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities. Objectives: This study was designed to isolate and elucidate antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the soft coral Sinularia polydactila. Methods: Structure elucidation of steroids was determined based on spectroscopic data through 1D and 2D NMR analyses and mass spectrometry, with the results compared to data in the literature. Antibacterial activity was determined using four human bacterial pathogens, namely B. subtilis (ATCC 6633), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), and E. coli (ATCC 25922). Cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the human colon cancer cell HCT 116 and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). Results: Two steroids (Compounds 1 - 2) were isolated from the Indonesian soft coral Sinularia polydactila. (22R,23R,24R)-22,23-methylene-24-methylcholest-6-en-5α,8α-epidioxy-3β-ol (1) and 5α,8α-Epidioxy-24(R)-methylcholesta-6,22-dien-3α-ol (2) showed moderate activity against colon carcinoma cancer HCT 116 at the concentrations of 24.8 and 27.3 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality assay with the concentrations of 57.1 and 121.3 3 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 2 showed moderate activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis at the 250 μg/mL concentration. Conclusions: Two steroids isolated from soft coral Sinularia polydactila were found to possess moderate cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.
- Published
- 2021
41. The complete mitochondrial genome of Indo-Pacific soft coral Sinularia acuta Manuputty and van Ofwegen, 2007 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea).
- Author
-
Yang C, Shikhsarmast FM, Fu C, and Shen CY
- Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the soft coral Sinularia acuta Manuputty and van Ofwegen, 2007 was sequenced and annotated using Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS). The mitogenome of S. acuta was 18,730 bp in length and consisted of 14 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), and only one transfer RNA gene ( tRNA-Met ). The base composition was 30.18% A, 16.46% C, 19.35% G, and 34.00% T, with a total A + T content of 64.19%. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close evolutionary relationship among Sinularia acuta , Sinularia penghuensis , and Sinularia maxima ., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Cubitanoids and Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Sinularia nanolobata.
- Author
-
Chih-Hua Chao, Chia-Yun Wu, Chiung-Yao Huang, Hui-Chun Wang, Chang-Feng Dai, Yang-Chang Wu, and Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Abstract
Two new cubitanoids, nanoculones A and B (1 and 2), and three new cembranoids, nanolobols A-C (3-5), as well as six known compounds, calyculone I (6), sinulariuol A (7), sinulariols C, D, H, and J (8-11), were isolated from the soft coral Sinularia nanolobata, collected off the coast of the eastern region of Taiwan. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Cytotoxicity of compounds 1-11 was evaluated. The nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity of selected compounds was further measured by assay of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NO production in activated RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that none of 1-11 exhibited cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines, whereas compound 8 was found to significantly reduce NO production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Endoperoxy and hydroperoxy cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids from an Okinawan soft coral, Sinularia sp.
- Author
-
Roy, Prodip, Ashimine, Runa, Miyazato, Haruna, Taira, Junsei, and Ueda, Katsuhiro
- Abstract
Three cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids, endoperoxide ( 1) and hydroperoxides ( 2, 3) together with three known sesquiterpenoids ( 4- 6) were isolated from an Okinawan soft coral, Sinularia species. Structures of these isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses (NMR, IR and MS) and molecular modeling. In addition, the isolates 1- 3 as new compounds were examined for biological activities, resulting that they have antibacterial activity and weak cytotoxicity against HCT116 cells as well as anti-inflammatory effect on LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Soft Coral Genus Sinularia since 2013
- Author
-
Jing Liu, Xia Yan, Xue Leng, and Han Ouyang
- Subjects
Steroidal glycosides ,QH301-705.5 ,Coral ,Secondary Metabolism ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Review ,01 natural sciences ,Biological Factors ,Drug Development ,Genus ,Drug Discovery ,Botany ,Animals ,Sinularia ,Biology (General) ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,biology ,Terpenes ,010405 organic chemistry ,secondary metabolites ,fungi ,Biological activity ,Anthozoa ,biology.organism_classification ,Terpenoid ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,bioactivity ,Chemical diversity ,soft coral ,Steroids ,Coral species - Abstract
Sinularia is one of the conspicuous soft coral species widely distributed in the world’s oceans at a depth of about 12 m. Secondary metabolites from the genus Sinularia show great chemical diversity. More than 700 secondary metabolites have been reported to date, including terpenoids, norterpenoids, steroids/steroidal glycosides, and other types. They showed a broad range of potent biological activities. There were detailed reviews on the terpenoids from Sinularia in 2013, and now, it still plays a vital role in the innovation of lead compounds for drug development. The structures, names, and pharmacological activities of compounds isolated from the genus Sinularia from 2013 to March 2021 are summarized in this review.
- Published
- 2021
45. Pharmacophore-Directed Retrosynthesis Applied to Rameswaralide: Synthesis and Bioactivity of Sinularia Natural Product Tricyclic Cores
- Author
-
Jun O. Liu, Safiat Ayinde, Khoi N. Van, Daniel Romo, and Nathanyal J. Truax
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Natural product ,Rameswaralide ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Sinularia ,Pharmacophore ,Retrosynthetic analysis ,Tricyclic - Abstract
A pharmacophore-directed retrosynthesis strategy applied to rameswaralide provided simplified precursors bearing the common 5,5,6 (red) and 5,5,7 (blue) skeleton present in several cembranoid and n...
- Published
- 2019
46. A next generation approach to species delimitation reveals the role of hybridization in a cryptic species complex of corals
- Author
-
Keryea Soong, Ming-Shiou Jeng, Yehuda Benayahu, Andrea M. Quattrini, Tiana Wu, and Catherine S. McFadden
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Species complex ,Coral reefs ,Octocorallia ,Evolution ,Morphology (biology) ,RADSeq ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,DNA barcoding ,Coalescent theory ,03 medical and health sciences ,Monophyly ,Species Specificity ,Phylogenetics ,Anthozoa ,QH359-425 ,Animals ,DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ,Sinularia ,Clade ,Hybridization ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogeny ,Taxonomy ,Likelihood Functions ,Principal Component Analysis ,biology ,Discriminant Analysis ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Hybridization, Genetic ,Research Article - Abstract
BackgroundOur ability to investigate processes shaping the evolutionary diversification of corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) is limited by a lack of understanding of species boundaries. Discerning species has been challenging due to a multitude of factors, including homoplasious and plastic morphological characters and the use of molecular markers that are either not informative or have not completely sorted. Hybridization can also blur species boundaries by leading to incongruence between morphology and genetics. We used traditional DNA barcoding and restriction-site associated DNA sequencing combined with coalescence-based and allele-frequency methods to elucidate species boundaries and simultaneously examine the potential role of hybridization in a speciose genus of octocoral,Sinularia.ResultsSpecies delimitations using two widely used DNA barcode markers,mtMutSand 28S rDNA, were incongruent with one another and with the morphospecies identifications, likely due to incomplete lineage sorting. In contrast, 12 of the 15 morphospecies examined formed well-supported monophyletic clades in both concatenated RAxML phylogenies and SNAPP species trees of >6,000 RADSeq loci. DAPC and Structure analyses also supported morphospecies assignments, but indicated the potential for two additional cryptic species. Three morphologically distinct species pairs could not, however, be distinguished genetically. ABBA-BABA tests demonstrated significant admixture between some of those species, suggesting that hybridization may confound species delimitation inSinularia.ConclusionsA genomic approach can help to guide species delimitation while simultaneously elucidating the processes generating diversity in corals. Results support the hypothesis that hybridization is an important mechanism in the evolution of Anthozoa, including octocorals, and future research should examine the contribution of this mechanism in generating diversity across the coral tree of life.
- Published
- 2019
47. Asexual propagation of the soft corals Sinularia sp., Cladiella sp. and Sarcophyton sp. (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) using different methods of attachment in a recirculating seawater system
- Author
-
Nilnaj Chaitanawisuti and Sirusa Kritsanapuntu
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,food.ingredient ,Octocorallia ,biology ,Sarcophyton ,Coral ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cutting ,Horticulture ,food ,Alcyonacea ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Cladiella ,Seawater ,Sinularia ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Three soft coral cuttings (finger soft coral, Sinularia sp.; black finger soft coral, Cladiella sp. and leather mushroom soft coral, Sarcophyton sp.) were selected to distinguish among the effects of five methods of attachment (adhering, containing, impaling, tethering and a natural attachment method used as a control) in a recirculating seawater system on healing time, time of self‐attachment, development of the cuttings and final survival. Three replicate and 30 cuttings per replicate (n = 30) were used for each treatment and the experimental period was 70 days. The results showed that the cuttings of Sinularia sp., Sarcophyton sp. and Cladiella sp. had already healed the wound area with pigmentation between 7 and 12 days for all the methods of attachment. The shortest time of self‐attachment for the Sinularia sp., Sarcophyton sp., and Cladiella sp. cuttings was obtained in the impaling method, with average values of 8.2 ± 0.9 days, 6.1 ± 0.1 days and 9.00 ± 0.8 days respectively. At the end of the experiment, the highest average final survival values of the Sinularia sp., Sarcophyton sp. and Cladiella sp. cuttings were obtained in the impaling method (86.7 ± 5.7%), the containing method (93.3 ± 5.7%) and the containing method (53.3 ± 5.7%), respectively. It was concluded from the study that the suitable methods of attachment for each soft coral were different and these methods are available for use in targeted propagation farms for restoration purposes.
- Published
- 2019
48. Bacterial diversity and distribution in Soft Corals and Sponges in the Red Sea
- Author
-
M. A. Mahmoud, A. M. Sallam, M. El Hriri, and J. El-Jakee
- Subjects
biology ,Coral ,fungi ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Zoology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Ircinia strobilina ,Holobiont ,Sponge ,Callyspongia ,population characteristics ,Sinularia ,Spongia officinalis ,Didemnum ,geographic locations - Abstract
The Red Sea has high biodiversity, with at least 266 coral and sponge species. The coral/Sponge holobiont is comprised of the coral/sponge animal and its associated microorganisms consisting of bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses. It has been hypothesized that this interaction plays a role in coral/ sponge defense. This study aims to study the bio-diversity of some collected types of sponge and soft coral from Red Sea and to isolate associated bacteria from them. The result includes five types of sponges; Ircinia strobilina, Callyspongia viridis, Suberea spp., Spongia officinalis and Biemna ehrenbergi and five types of soft corals; Heteroxenia fuscescens, Didemnum moseleyi, Lobophytum pauciflorum, Sarcophyton trocheliophorum and Sinularia spp. Twenty two bacterial isolates were isolated from the sponges with 41 % and thirty two bacterial isolates were isolated from soft coral samples with 59 % collected from different Red Sea areas.
- Published
- 2019
49. Soft corals form aragonite-precipitated columnar spiculite in mesophotic reefs
- Author
-
Zahava Barkay, Yehuda Benayahu, Thomas Prohaska, Andreas Zitek, and Erez Shoham
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Water flow ,Coral ,Mineralogy ,lcsh:Medicine ,engineering.material ,Article ,Mass Spectrometry ,Calcium Carbonate ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,X-Ray Diffraction ,Animals ,Magnesium ,14. Life underwater ,Sinularia ,lcsh:Science ,Reef ,geography ,Multidisciplinary ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Coral Reefs ,Chemistry ,Aragonite ,lcsh:R ,Coral reef ,Anthozoa ,biology.organism_classification ,Amorphous calcium carbonate ,030104 developmental biology ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,engineering ,lcsh:Q ,Crystallite ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Surveys conducted in Eilat’s upper mesophotic coral ecosystem (MCE) revealed protruding columnar calcareous structures with a Sinularia octocoral colony growing atop of each. The current study addressed the hypothesis that these colonies produce spiculites, and sought to determine (a) the spatial occurrence and dimensions of the spiculite-forming colonies and their species affiliation; (b) their microstructural features; and (c) the elemental composition of the columnar spiculites in comparison to the sclerites of the colonies. All the spiculite-forming colonies were exclusively found in the upper MCEs and produced by S. vrijmoethi. This type of spiculite, including its elemental analysis, is reported here for the first time for coral reefs in general and for the MCE in particular. Examination of the spiculites by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed spindle shaped-sclerites cemented by crystallites. The elemental composition of the sclerites differed from that of the cementing crystallites, in featuring ~8% Mg in the former and none in the latter. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry revealed fragments of spiculite to be composed of 35% sclerites and 65% crystallites. X-ray powder diffraction analysis of individual sclerites indicated that they are composed exclusively of magnesium-calcite, and the spiculite fragments to also feature 9.3 ± 4% aragonite and 5–7% amorphous calcium carbonate. Consequently, it is proposed that the formation of the crystallites, which lithify the sclerites, is caused by a non-biogenic aragonite precipitation, and that the living colony might benefit from this protruding spiculite structure by means of enhanced exposure to water flow.
- Published
- 2019
50. A new 5α,8α-epidioxysterol with immunosuppressive activity from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia sp
- Author
-
Yue-Wei Guo, Heng Li, Wei Tang, Lin-Fu Liang, and Min Yang
- Subjects
South china ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Lymphocyte ,Coral ,Organic Chemistry ,Epidioxysterol ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Microbiology ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ic50 values ,medicine ,Bioassay ,Sinularia ,Cytotoxicity - Abstract
A new 5α,8α-epidioxysterol, namely yalongsterol A (1), along with two known related steroids 5α,8α-epidioxy-24-methyl-cholesta-6,24(28)-dien-3β-ol (2) and (22E,24S)-5α,8α-epidioxy-24-methyl-cholesta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (3), were isolated from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia sp. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparisons of the spectral data with those reported in the literature. In bioassay, compounds 1-3 showed moderate immunosuppressive activities against T and/or B lymphocyte cells with IC50 values ranging from 19.30 to 59.49 μM, and low cytotoxicity on murine splenocytes with CC50 values ranging from 40.88 to 62.29 μM.[Formula: see text].
- Published
- 2019
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.