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PURPOSE – The author aims to examine the psychology of investors and relationship between different Behavioral biases. Author also examines the impact of emotions influence the behaviour of investors. Author has also mentioned the principal concerns associated to investors. DESIGN – This study investigates the influence the influence of behavioral biases and emotions on investors. It also studied the relationship between biases through correlation. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – Prior studies focus merely on the aspect of emotions finance. Our study provides comprehensive outlook on both behavioral finance and emotional finance.

Plant ATP- binding cassette (ABC) protein family is the largest multifunctional highly conserved protein superfamily that transports diverse substrates across biological membranes by the hydrolysis of ATP and is also the part of the several other biological processes like cellular detoxification, growth and development, stress biology, and signaling processes. In the agriculturally important legume crop Cajanuscajan, a genome-wide identification and characterization of the ABC gene family was carried out. A total of 159 ABC genes were identified that belong to eight canonical classes CcABCA to CcABCG and CcABCI based on the phylogenetic analysis. The number of genes was highest in CcABCG followed by CcABCC and CcABCB class. A total of 85 CcABC genes were found on 11 chromosomes and 74 were found on scaffold. Tandem duplication was the major driver of CcABC gene family expansion. The dN/dS ratio revealed the purifying selection. The phylogenetic analysis revealed class specific eight superclades which reflect their functional importance. The largest clade was found to be CcABCG which reflects their functional significance. CcABC proteins were mainly basic in nature and found to be localized in the plasma membrane.The secondary structure prediction revealed the dominance of α-helix. The canonical transmembrane and nucleotide binding domain, signature motif LSSGQ, Walker A, Walker B region and Q loop were also identified. A class-specific exon- intron pattern was also observed. In addition to core elements, different cis-acting regulatory elements like stress, hormone, and cellular responsive were also identified. Expression profiling of CcABC genes at various developmental stages of different anatomical tissues was performed and it was noticed that CcABCF3, CcABCF4, CcABCF5, CcABCG66,and CcABCI3 had the highest expression. The results of the current study endow us with the further functional analysis of Cajanus ABC in the future.

UNSTRUCTURED On January 30, 2023, the Biden Administration announced its intention to end the existing COVID-19 public health emergency declaration. The transition to a “post-pandemic” landscape presents a unique opportunity to sustain and strengthen pandemic-era changes in care delivery. With this in mind, we present three critical lessons learned from a primary care perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic. Firstly, clinical workflows must support both in-person and virtual care delivery. Secondly, the integration of asynchronous care delivery is critical. Thirdly, planning for the future means planning for everyone, including those with potentially limited access to health care due to barriers in technology and communication. While these lessons are neither unique to primary care settings nor all-encompassing, they establish a grounded foundation on which to construct higher quality, more resilient, and more equitable health systems.

Background: People living with HIV have accounted for 38–50% of those affected in the 2022 multicountry mpox outbreak. Most reported cases were in people who had high CD4 cell counts and similar outcomes to those without HIV. Emerging data suggest worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality in people with more advanced HIV. We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of mpox in a cohort of people with HIV and low CD4 cell counts (CD4 Methods: A network of clinicians from 19 countries provided data of confirmed mpox cases between May 11, 2022, and Jan 18, 2023, in people with HIV infection. Contributing centres completed deidentified structured case report sheets to include variables of interest relevant to people living with HIV and to capture more severe outcomes. We restricted this series to include only adults older than 18 years living with HIV and with a CD4 cell count of less than 350 cells per mm3 or, in settings where a CD4 count was not always routinely available, an HIV infection clinically classified as US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stage C. We describe their clinical presentation, complications, and causes of death. Analyses were descriptive. Findings: We included data of 382 cases: 367 cisgender men, four cisgender women, and ten transgender women. The median age of individuals included was 35 (IQR 30–43) years. At mpox diagnosis, 349 (91%) individuals were known to be living with HIV; 228 (65%) of 349 adherent to antiretroviral therapy (ART); 32 (8%) of 382 had a concurrent opportunistic illness. The median CD4 cell count was 211 (IQR 117–291) cells per mm3, with 85 (22%) individuals with CD4 cell counts of less than 100 cells per mm3 and 94 (25%) with 100–200 cells per mm3. Overall, 193 (51%) of 382 had undetectable viral load. Severe complications were more common in people with a CD4 cell count of less than 100 cells per mm3 than in those with more than 300 cells per mm3, including necrotising skin lesions (54% vs 7%), lung involvement (29% vs 0%) occasionally with nodules, and secondary infections and sepsis (44% vs 9%). Overall, 107 (28%) of 382 were hospitalised, of whom 27 (25%) died. All deaths occurred in people with CD4 counts of less than 200 cells per mm3. Among people with CD4 counts of less than 200 cells per mm3, more deaths occurred in those with high HIV viral load. An immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome to mpox was suspected in 21 (25%) of 85 people initiated or re-initiated on ART, of whom 12 (57%) of 21 died. 62 (16%) of 382 received tecovirimat and seven (2%) received cidofovir or brincidofovir. Three individuals had laboratory confirmation of tecovirimat resistance. Interpretation: A severe necrotising form of mpox in the context of advanced immunosuppression appears to behave like an AIDS-defining condition, with a high prevalence of fulminant dermatological and systemic manifestations and death. Funding: None.

The extensive use of petro-based plastics, lack of suitable waste management and casual behaviour of communities to their proper disposal has posed a significant threat to the environment. Currently, single-use petro-based plastics are being banned all over the world due to their inherent non-degradability and problems with disposal. Worldwide, these bans have proved an impetus for increasing research on bio-based polymers as a substitute for conventional plastics. Use of greener or biodegradable polymeric materials would have immense socio-economic and ecological significance. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are eco-friendly alternatives to petrochemical plastics and are quickly biodegraded in aerobic or anaerobic environments such as a landfill, waste treatment facilities or oceans. PHAs have material and mechanical properties ranging from stiff and brittle crystalline to elastomeric and moulding, similar to petrochemical thermoplastics. In addition, they are hydrophobic, isotactic, biocompatible and have piezoelectric properties. PHAs in being environmentally friendly are seen as ideal candidates for replacing conventional petro-based plastics in numerous fields. This review focuses on the biochemistry along with in-vitro reaction mechanism of PHA synthases. In addition to the applications and modes of production of PHAs already mentioned a few factors governing PHA synthesis will be discussed. Scope for improving PHA synthesis is also mentioned and some of the tools for enhancing the properties of PHAs are discussed.

Amblyopia is a serious condition resulting in monocular impairment of vision. Although traditional treatment improves vision, we attempted to explore the results of perceptual learning in this study.This prospective cohort study included all patients with amblyopia who were subjected to perceptual learning. The presenting data on vision, stereopsis and contrast sensitivity were documented in a pretested online format, and the pre- and post-treatment information was compared using descriptive, cross-tabulation and comparative methods on SPSS 2.2. The mean values were obtained, and P0.05 was considered statistically significant.The cohort consisted of 47 patients (23 females and 24 males) with a mean age of 14.11 ± 7.13 years. A statistically significant improvement was detected in visual acuity after the perceptual learning session, and the median follow-up period was 17 days. Also, significant improvements were observed in stereopsis but not in the visual outcomes among the age groups.Perceptual learning with hand-eye coordination is an effective method for managing amblyopia. This approach can improve vision in all age groups. However, visual improvement is significantly influenced by ocular alignment.

ImportanceUnderstanding of the interplay between the electronic health record (EHR), health care team relations, and physician well-being is currently lacking. Approaches to cultivate interpersonal interactions may be necessary to complement advancements in health information technology with high-quality team function.ObjectiveTo examine ways in which the EHR, health care team functioning, and physician well-being intersect and interact.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsSecondary qualitative analysis of semistructured interview data from 2 studies used keyword-in-context approaches to identify excerpts related to teams. Thematic analysis was conducted using pattern coding, then organized using the relationship-centered organization model. Two health care organizations in California from March 16 to October 13, 2017, and February 28 to April 21, 2022, participated, with respondents including attending and resident physicians.Main Outcome and MeasuresAcross data sets, themes centered around the interactions between the EHR, health care team functioning, and physician well-being. The first study data focused on EHR-related distressing events and their role in attending physician and resident physician emotions and actions. The second study focused on EHR use and daily EHR irritants.ResultsThe 73 respondents included attending physicians (53 [73%]) and resident physicians (20 [27%]). Demographic data were not collected. Participants worked in ambulatory specialties (33 [45%]), hospital medicine (10 [14%]), and surgery (10 [14%]). The EHR was reported to be the dominant communication modality among all teams. Interviewees indicated that the EHR facilitates task-related communication and is well suited to completing simple, uncomplicated tasks. However, EHR-based communication limited the rich communication and social connection required for building relationships and navigating conflict. The EHR was found to negatively impact team function by promoting disagreement and introducing areas of conflict into team relationships related to medical-legal pressures, role confusion, and undefined norms around EHR-related communication. In addition, interviewees expressed that physician EHR-related distress affects interactions within the team, eroding team well-being.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, the EHR supported task-oriented and efficient communication among team members to get work done and care for patients; however, participants felt that the technology shifts attention away from the human needs of the care team that are necessary for developing relationships, building trust, and resolving conflicts. Interventions to cultivate interpersonal interactions and team function are necessary to complement the efficiency benefits of health information technology.

Cardiomyopathy (CMP) is a heritable disorder. Over 50% of cases are gene-elusive on clinical gene panel testing. The contribution of variants in non-coding DNA elements that result in cryptic splicing and regulate gene expression has not been explored. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data in a discovery cohort of 209 pediatric CMP patients and 1953 independent replication genomes and exomes. We searched for protein-coding variants, and non-coding variants predicted to affect the function or expression of genes. Thirty-nine percent of cases harbored pathogenic coding variants in known CMP genes, and 5% harbored high-risk loss-of-function (LoF) variants in additional candidate CMP genes. Fifteen percent harbored high-risk regulatory variants in promoters and enhancers of CMP genes (odds ratio 2.25, p = 6.70 × 10−7 versus controls). Genes involved in α-dystroglycan glycosylation (FKTN, DTNA) and desmosomal signaling (DSC2, DSG2) were most highly enriched for regulatory variants (odds ratio 6.7–58.1). Functional effects were confirmed in patient myocardium and reporter assays in human cardiomyocytes, and in zebrafish CRISPR knockouts. We provide strong evidence for the genomic contribution of functionally active variants in new genes and in regulatory elements of known CMP genes to early onset CMP. This project was supported by the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research (SM, JE), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT 175034) (SM, JE) and by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (ENP 161429), under the frame of ERA PerMed (SM). SM holds the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada & Robert M Freedom Chair in Cardiovascular Science. SWS holds the GlaxoSmithKline Endowed Chair in Genome Sciences at the Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto. PGM holds a Canada Research Chair Tier 2 in Non-coding Disease Mechanisms. PGM acknowledges the support of the Government of Canada’s New Frontiers in Research Fund (NFRF), [NFRFE-2018-01305]. EO holds the Bitove Family Professorship of Adult Congenital Heart Disease. MM holds a Ramon y Cajal grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC-2017-22249). WO is supported by funding from Fundació La Marató (321/C/2019). JB is funded by a Frans Van de Werf fellowship for clinical cardiovascular research, and by a senior clinical investigator fellowship of the FWO Flanders. KM was a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow under grant no. DGE1144152 during the majority of the project. CS is the recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Practitioner Fellowship (1154992). JI is the recipient of an NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (1162929). RDB is the recipient of a New South Wales Health Cardiovascular Disease Senior Scientist Grant. PSD is supported by the DBT/Wellcome Trust- Indian Alliance. We acknowledge the Labatt Family Heart Centre Biobank at the Hospital for Sick Children for access to DNA samples, and The Centre for Applied Genomics at the Hospital for Sick Children for performing WGS. We thank Xiucheng Cui and Emanuela Pannia for performing the zebrafish experiments at the SickKids Zebrafish Genetics and Disease Models Core (CRISPR-Cas9 and gRNA syntheses, zebrafish embryo microinjections, gRNA PCR validation, qRT-PCR, cardiac imaging). This research was made possible through access to the data and findings generated by the 100,000 Genomes Project. The 100,000 Genomes Project is managed by Genomics England Limited (a wholly owned company of the Department of Health and Social Care). The 100,000 Genomes Project is funded by the National Institute for Health Research and NHS England. The Wellcome Trust, Cancer Research UK and the Medical Research Council have also funded research infrastructure. The 100,000 Genomes Project uses data provided by patients and collected by the National Health Service as part of their care and support. We thank members of the ICGC/PCAWG working groups for generating the variant calls used in our case-control burden analyses. Peer Reviewed "Article signat per 38 autors/es: Robert Lesurf, Abdelrahman Said, Oyediran Akinrinade, Jeroen Breckpot, Kathleen Delfosse, Ting Liu, Roderick Yao, Gabrielle Persad, Fintan McKenna, Ramil R. Noche, Winona Oliveros, Kaia Mattioli, Shreya Shah, Anastasia Miron, Qian Yang, Guoliang Meng, Michelle Chan Seng Yue, Wilson W. L. Sung, Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram, Jane Lougheed, Erwin Oechslin, Tapas Mondal, Lynn Bergin, John Smythe, Shashank Jayappa, Vinay J. Rao, Jayaprakash Shenthar, Perundurai S. Dhandapany, Christopher Semsarian, Robert G. Weintraub, Richard D. Bagnall, Jodie Ingles, Genomics England Research Consortium, Marta Melé, Philipp G. Maass, James Ellis, Stephen W. Scherer & Seema Mital"

Since ancient times, coffee has been one of the widely consumed beverages all over the world. It is renowned for its refreshing, body stimulating effect and unique taste. It belongs to the genus Coffea, class Dicotyledoneae, order Rubiales and family Rubiaceae. Coffee is a natural complex chemical mixture constituted of several compounds. It is accountable for numerous bioactivities and a number of compounds exhibit these effects. Some of the significant bioactivities documented are anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic and anti-obesity properties. The varying constituents of coffee responsible for the chemo-protective effects are mainly polyphenols including chlorogenic acids and their degradation products. Others include caffeine, diterpenoid alcohols such as kahweol, cafestol and other phenolics. Coffee has been reported to exhibit both protective and adverse effects on various body systems such as skeletal (bone), reproductive, nervous and cardiovascular systems; homocysteine and cholesterol levels and so on. The present review provides an overview of the coffee and its constituents; and their relationship with various diseases. Recent investigations on its health benefits, with focus on their anti-cancer, anti-obesity properties and effect on cardiovascular diseases have also been discussed.

Bio-plastics are either bio-based polymers or capable of degradation into simple compounds. The rising development in the production and use of bio-plastics has globally revolutionized the dependency on traditional plastics. The conventional plastics prepared from petroleum, coal and natural gas have been extensively used by humans since antiquity as a prime component of almost all the materials used in day to day life. Since, these plastics are non-biodegradable; they cause serious impact on the environment. Recent years have witnessed the introduction of a wide variety of bio-plastics derived from natural polymers such as starch, cellulose, chitin etc. These bio-plastics are now being utilised in packaging materials, electronics, medical devices; holding immense potential for utility in future. This mini-review confers about types of bio-plastics, their utility in different sectors and their future prospective.

Purpose Herein, we compared the efficacy among the OTS, POTS, and TOTS for prognosis prediction in Indian children who had mechanical ocular conditions causing traumatic cataract. Methods This prospective, interventional study recruited consecutive children undergoing operation for traumatic cataracts caused by mechanical eye injuries at Drashti Netralaya. The following details were obtained from medical files: the circumstance and time of injuries, penetrating injury type, initial and final visual acuity (VA), time of operation, and associated eye diseases. Specific variables were employed to determine the OTS, TOTS, and POTS. For all patients, the final and predicted VA determined using all scores were compared using Fischer’s exact test; the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity were evaluated for all scores by using the AUROC. Results We enrolled 124 eyes. Patients’ mean value for age was 4.6 ± 1.29 years; 44 (35.41%) and 74 (64.5%) were female and male patients, respectively. Visual outcomes significantly improved after operation, and the outcomes did not differ between closed- and open-globe injuries (P = 0.162). The actual and predicted VA did not exhibit a statistically significant difference among the three scores. The TOTS and POTS were more suitable for evaluating low-risk injuries, whereas the OTS could more efficiently examine high-risk cases. Conclusion The TOTS and POTS were more accurate than the OTS in VA prediction after operation in toddlers with traumatic cataracts caused by mechanical globe injury. All the examined scores can be helpful in estimating VA following treatment.

Aim: To examine whether change in retinal structure can improve vision and stereoacuity following strabismus management.Methods: We recruited patients who presented with strabismus from 2017 to 2019. Information on demographics, posterior and anterior segment findings, and strabismus surgery was collected using a pretested online form. Patients’ stereoacuity was examined by employing the Titmus test. The central macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of all the eyes were evaluated through SD-OCT. Stereoacuity examination and OCT were performed again 3 months postoperatively. Result: We recruited 54 patients (mean age: 19.74 ± 9.2 years). Stereoacuity and vision exhibited significant improvements after treatment. Both eyes showed improvement in RNFL thickness but not CMT. Conclusion: Functional stereoacuity changes and structural RNFL changes were noted following appropriate treatment for strabismus.

Introduction: Complicated cataract having poor prognosis, because of comorbidities. We tried to study visual outcomes in all clinical conditions. Methods: This is prospective cohort study to develop scoring system to predict visual outcome in case of complicated cataracts. We enrolled all complicated cataracts fulfilling inclusion criteria between august 2019 to 2020.For All enrolled cases data collected in pre tested online format in Electronic medical records. All data exported and analysed with SPSS 22 using descriptive, cross tabulation and One sample T test functions.Results: Our cohort was consisted of 230 eyes of 230 patients with mean age 44+/-21.22 years with 121/230(52.6%) female and 109/230(47.4%) male.Traumatic cataracts (64/230) Cataract with Corneal opacity (45/230) Post uveitic cataract (43/230) Neglected cataract (39/230).We had 37/230 (16.1%) pediatric population with significant poor outcome. We found significant difference in pre and post-operative visual outcome. Conclusion: Complicated cataracts with different co morbidities has significant improvement in visual outcome following comprehensive management. Neglected cataracts has better outcome than other categories.

Aim: This study investigated visual outcomes and factors that impact vision in children receiving secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implants.Methods: Children who had traumatic or congenital cataracts and underwent secondary lens implantation for aphakia at Drashti Netralaya between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively examined. We included all the eyes with secondary implants for aphakia correction with placement either in the bag or sulcus or through scleral fixation. We obtained data from electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS 22 through descriptive analysis, cross tabulation, and t test.We evaluated visual outcomes among different patients.Results: Our cohort consisted of 84 eyes (mean age: 7.88 ± 6.07 years). Of the 84 eyes, 24 (28.6%) and 60 (71.4%) were female and male patients, respectively, and 32 (38.1%) had traumatic cataract. We observed significant improvements in vision following lens implantation (p=0.000). Those with nontraumatic cataracts exhibited better outcomes that did the traumatic cataract group (p = 0.004). Corneal opacity caused comorbidities in the traumatic group (14/52,14.29%). Visual outcomes significantly improved in young patients and were not affected by other variables.Conclusion: Secondary lens implantation significantly improved vision in aphakic children. Young patients and those with nontraumatic cataracts demonstrated more favorable visual outcomes.

Introduction: Monocular elevation deficiency syndrome (MEDS) is a monocular elevation deficiency in abduction and adduction characterised by the hypofunction of superior rectus (SR) and inferior oblique muscles. Only a limited number of studies are published on the management of this problem. Herein, the indications and types of surgery for monocular elevation deficiency syndrome are reported.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all MEDS patients reported during 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from Electronic Medical Records after approval from the Hospital Ethical Committees. The data were exported in a pre-tested online format. The demographic and clinical information and data of surgeries, including strabismus and ptosis, were reported. The follow-up data were collected in a specific format. Strabismus was managed using Knapp procedure, Inferior Rectus recession and a combination of both approaches. Ptosis was corrected by Levator Palpebral Superioris (LPS) resection and brow suspension. The data were analysed using SPSS 22 based on descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation.Results: The cohort consists of 62 cases (females 26, males 36) of patients with mean age 17.00±12.31 years 40/62 cases comprised the paediatric age group. Knapp was carried out in 39, IR recession was carried out in 35, and combined Knapp+IR recession was performed in 17 cases based on FDT and FGT data. The comparative study found significant difference amongst these techniques (P=0.04). Ptosis correction was carried out by LPS resection in 21 and brow suspension in 23 cases depending on LPS function. This comparative study did not find any significant difference in the results (P=0.234).Conclusion: MEDS is a rare disease with various clinical features. The surgical management of strabismus may have more success for the combined technique than for those applied alone.

Non-operative management of appendicitis (NOMA) has recently gained popularity, but a concern is that NOMA might miss appendiceal neoplasms. We conducted a retrospective review of 1694 appendectomies done for acute appendicitis at our institution between January 2001 and December 2019 to study the incidence and distribution of appendiceal tumors. We identified 24 appendiceal neoplasms (1.43%), including 9 Low Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasms (LAMNs), 6 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), 6 mucoceles, and one each of adenocarcinoma, endometrioma, and neurofibroma. Tumor occurrence had two age peaks, with LAMNs prominent in the 5th and 6th decades of life and NETs in the 2nd and 3rd decades. All patients under age 40 had benign disease. Presence of appendicoliths was independent of the presence of neoplasms. All cases were managed per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, with twenty cases cured by appendectomy alone. Given these, we conclude that NOMA is safe for patients under 40.

The ability of the microbiota present in agricultural soil to recover post-flooding is not known. In the current project, sandy loam and planting soil were flooded for various time points and after flooding, incubated for three weeks. The bacterial communities in the soil samples were analyzed using the Illumina Miseq® platform. Statistical analysis of the microbiota between the control and flooded soil show that there is no statistical difference between the two (p > 0.05). Total richness in the control and flooded soil were also compared. Again, no statistical difference was observed (p > 0.05). Based on the observed results, we conclude that the microbiota in the soil is very resilient to flooding and can recover within three weeks of incubation.

Nowadays when conventional plastic is being looked as a menace, the possibility of it being replaced with polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) which are biodegradable, environment friendly and biocompatible thermoplastics is not remote. PHAs are a fascinating group of biopolyesters stored within the cytoplasm of numerous bacterial cells as energy and carbon reserves. PHAs signify the best promising biological substitute to certain conventional petrochemical plastics which have wide range of applications in different industries such as biomedical sector, packaging, toners for printing, and adhesives for coating, etc. In the present study, PHAs producing bacterial strains were screened by Sudan black B staining and confirmed by Nile blue A staining. Out of forty bacterial strains showing positive results, six bacterial strains exhibited comparatively higher PHAs production. The highest PHAs producing bacterial strain was identified using 16s rRNA sequencing. Optimization of process parameters was performed by using one factor at a time (OFAT) approach. The isolated bacterium was able to synthesize PHAs when various agro-industrial wastes such as domestic kitchen waste, mixed fruit pulp, sugarcane molasses, and waste flour from bread factory were screened as a carbon substrate in the growth medium. The results showed accumulation of 44.5% PHAs of cell dry weight using domestic kitchen waste as carbon substrate. The characterization of biopolymers was performed using FTIR and XRD analysis. The commercial exploitation of results of this study may serve twin purposes of addressing the challenge of high production cost of PHAs being the major constraint in replacing petro-based plastics as well as address the problem of disposal of recurring domestic kitchen waste and other agro-industrial waste.