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We report here a longitudinal study of a 3.8 year old female child diagnosed as having Landau Kleffner Syndrome (LKS). Speech-language analysis was carried out over a two-year period while the child was on medical treatment regime. The result of the language evaluation suggests that this child demonstrated exacerbation and remission in accordance with the regime of medication. However, the recovery was significant during the exacerbation phase although not complete. At the end of the two-year period, she was found to have a lag of over one-and-half year in the language function as against the chronological age. Detailed conversational sample from the child is reproduced at the end of this paper. (Contains 3 tables.)

Psychogenic dysphonia refers to the loss of voice, in the absence of apparent structural or neurological pathology. It is a disorder seen more often in women and is usually associated with significant life events and emotional difficulties that may lead to conflict over speaking. Therapeutic interventions in voice disorders recommend the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. The following is a case illustration of a 50-year-old married lady with dysphonia and significant marital difficulties. Learning outcomes: The case demonstrates the psychological issues in the onset and maintenance of psychogenic voice disorders. It also emphasizes the use of a multidisciplinary approach consisting of cognitive behavioural strategies, pharmacological inputs and voice therapy. The case illustration will also help the reader to focus on cultural issues relevant in the development of problems and the need to address these in psychotherapeutic interventions, as well as difficulties that are likely to be encountered in therapeutic interventions.

The present investigation was aimed at studying the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in reducing the symptoms of stuttering and dysfunctional cognitions and in enhancing assertiveness and quality of life in clients with stuttering. Five clients with stuttering who met the inclusion criteria (male clients with diagnosis of stuttering) and exclusion criteria (clients with brian damage), substance abuse or mental retardation were enrolled for the study. A single-case design was adopted. The pre-, mid- and post-assessment were carried out using Stuttering Severity Scale (SSI), Perception of Stuttering Inventory (PSI), Beck′s Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Dysfunctional Attitude (DAS), Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE), Assertiveness Scale (AS), Rosenberg′s Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and World Health Organization - Quality of Life Scale (WHO-QOL). Five clients received cognitive behavioral intervention comprising of psycho-education, relaxation, deep breathing, humming, prolongation, cognitive restructuring, problem-solving strategies and assertiveness. At post-treatment assessment, there was improvement. The findings of the study are discussed in the light of available research work, implications, limitations of the study and suggestions for future research.

Cortical deafness occurs following lesions of the Heshcl′s gyri or the subcortical auditory pathways. Stroke is the commonest etiology. The clinical, audiological, electrophysiological and radiological observations of a patient with cortical deafness secondary to ischemic stroke involving bilateral Heschl′s gyri, with long term follow up is being reported. He had profound degree of hearing loss, poor auditory verbal comprehension, poor auditory repetition, inability to take dictation and poor response to other non-linguistic sounds despite having adequate hearing assessed by objective audiological tests. He was advised to adopt speech reading techniques and resort to gestural and written modalities to augment his communication skills. He has shown only a marginal improvement over the last six years.

An emerging body of research on Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) supports the presence of several comorbid psychiatric disorders and symptoms, including anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and behavioral problems [...], Children with communication disorders present with a range of comorbid conditions. Occasionally one of the comorbid conditions manifests so strongly that the primary condition goes unnoticed by the clinician. This tendency to overlook comorbid health problems in the presence of a disability is referred to as diagnostic overshadowing. This is a five-year follow up case study of a 9-year-old female child. The child was initially diagnosed to have Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD), but during the course of follow up she began to exhibit features of pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). This case report throws light on the severity of SAD which overshadowed PDD-NOS. Importance of follow-up and the need for a multidisciplinary team to be sensitive to the phenomenon of diagnostic overshadowing is discussed. Keywords Diagnostic overshadowing * Separation anxiety disorder * Pervasive developmental disorder * Speech language pathologist * Follow-up

TDCS, with its advantage of being domiciliary friendly, SP sp [12] SP sp can be a feasible treatment option for degenerative disorders with no approved treatment. Another treatment modality is language intervention, e.g., utilizing residual semantic knowledge to provide personalized language training. SP sp [1] SP sp The role of noninvasive brain stimulation, which includes transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been studied. Dear Editor, Semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) is a language variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). [Extracted from the article]

Objective: Pilocytic astrocytoma commonly occurs in children and depending on the extension of the lesion may cause varied audiovestibular dysfunctions. However, audiovestibular findings are scarcely reported in the literature. Design: Audiovestibular testing was performed on a single subject on two occasions pre-surgically. Study sample: A 6 year old girl with pilocytic astrocytoma. Results: All audiological tests revealed normal findings except for the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing (cVEMP). The amplitude of cVEMP was higher in the lesion side indicating a hypersensitive vestibulocollic reflex pathway functioning. Conclusions: This case study reported a unique finding of hypersensitive cVEMP findings in the lesion side in a patient with pilocytic astrocytoma. The pathophysiological basis for this hypersensitivity is attributed to anatomical connections between the cerebellum and the vestibular nuclei through the inferior cerebellar peduncle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Production of quality raw silk has become National priority in Indian Sericulture. Through cluster development approach based on participatory extension mode with Research-Extension-Farmer (R-E-F) linkage, Cluster Promotion Programme (CPP) is being implemented in India including Karnataka for quality bivoltine raw silk production. Presently 46 clusters are functioning for the purpose and Y. N. Hosakote in Tumkur district is one among them. A cluster of villages were selected with families rearing bivoltine hybrid rearing was identified to test-verity the effectiveness of proven bivoltine sericulture technologies. Bench mark survey in this cluster revealed that overall 28.34% of farmers were rearing bivoltine hybrids with an average yield of 45.5 kg/100 dfls; while majority (71.66%) of the farmers are rearing polyvoltine x bivoltine hybrids (CB). The present CPP impact was such that mulberry acreage which is 1405 acres during the 2008-09 were increased to 1785 by the year 2015-16 with bivoltine hybrid layings consumption of 27,225 dfls increased to 9,77,500. The average cocoon yield/100 dfls was 53.50 kgs in the initial implementation of CPP increased to 68.18 kgs. The number of bivoltine farmers is roused from 125 to 4247. The bivoltine hybrids bruslr'ng by the end of XI plan period (2007-2012) is 2.16 lakh, increased to an un-precedent 9.77Iakh by 2015-16 shows that the area has become a major hub of activity for sericulture. Thus, the success can be attributed to coordinated and close working with different agencies, commitment of the farmers and sincere efforts of Scientists and extension personnel. The cluster approach helped to pool the limited resources and utilize them effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with communication disorders present with a range of comorbid conditions. Occasionally one of the comorbid conditions manifests so strongly that the primary condition goes unnoticed by the clinician. This tendency to overlook comorbid health problems in the presence of a disability is referred to as diagnostic overshadowing. This is a five-year follow up case study of a 9-year-old female child. The child was initially diagnosed to have Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD), but during the course of follow up she began to exhibit features of pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). This case report throws light on the severity of SAD which overshadowed PDD-NOS. Importance of follow-up and the need for a multidisciplinary team to be sensitive to the phenomenon of diagnostic overshadowing is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]