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118 results on '"Shi XR"'

1. Complex reactions on a convertible catalyst surface: A study of the S-O-Cu system

Author

Dürrbeck, S, Shi, XR, Samadashvili, M, Redinger, J, Bertel, E, and Salmeron, M

Subjects
Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Quantum Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

The interaction of clean and partially oxidized Cu(110) with sulphur was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations in the low-coverage range. On the clean Cu surface individual S atoms adsorb in the troughs between the Cu atom rows. Hollow sites are preferred, but long-bridge sites are occasionally occupied as well. The majority of adsorbed S, however, seems to be involved in the formation of highly mobile CuxSy clusters of various sizes. The clusters preferentially attach to steps thus changing the step morphology completely. Some of the clusters form aggregates on the terraces. On the partially oxidized surface similar clusters form and cause long-range mass transport to steps. Additionally, nanowires form in [001] direction on and along the surface oxide stress domains. These nanowires have a complex composition, exhibit different corrugations and appear sometimes as three-dimensional needles. Occasionally they flip their direction by 90°, but doing so they partially decompose. Finally, annealing of the S-O-Cu surface leads to consumption of the surface oxide stripes indicating loss of oxygen presumably via SO2 formation. Simultaneously, linear sulphur chains suspended between the [001] –O-Cu-O- chains form in [11¯0] direction. The surprising multitude of processes and products even at low-pressure, low-temperature conditions in the comparatively simple S-O-Cu system highlights the difficulty of controlling reactivity and selectivity on such convertible catalyst surfaces.

Published
2018

4. The real experience of patients after liver transplantation in intensive care unit

Author

Shi, XR, Yang, XY, Zhong, J., Luo, WX, Yao, JM, Lian, RL, and Chen, WQ

Subjects
Adult, Male, China, psychological process, Observational Study, Middle Aged, Liver Transplantation, Retraction, Interviews as Topic, Intensive Care Units, ICU, Humans, Family, Female, qualitative research, Research Article
Abstract

We aimed to explore the real experience of patients after liver transplantation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Objective sampling method was used to select patients transferred to the ICU in 10 hospitals in Zhuhai from May 2018 to August 2020. Patients need liver transplantation due to advanced liver cancer and decompensated cirrhosis. The eligibility criteria of patients mainly included liver transplant patients who were clear-minded and willing to participate in the study and had stayed in ICU. Phenomenological research methods and in-depth interviews were used in this qualitative study. The results showed that the true experience of patients after liver transplantation during ICU stay was summarized into four themes. The strengths of our qualitative research are that we can find the trend from a phenomenon through interviews and other methods to provide a directional foundation for future quantitative research. Its limitations are that it requires a lot of manpower and time, and its objectivity and universality are limited. Hospitalization experience in the ICU may lead to many negative experiences for liver transplant patients. Nurses should fully understand and pay attention to the psychological changes in patients. Nurses should take effective targeted measures to reduce or eliminate patients’ fear of ICU stay and promote rehabilitation.

Published
2020

5. 'Making Cents' of the Eastern Australian Gas Market

Author

Quentin Grafton, R, Shi, XR, and Cronshaw, I

Abstract

© 2017 The Economic Society of Australia The paper reviews the causes of high domestic gas prices and possible future gas shortfalls in the Eastern Australian gas market. It explains the economics of gas pricing, the effects of long-term gas contracts on domestic supplies and prices, and examines the incentives faced by gas exporters. Policies to respond to concerns over gas supply and high domestic gas prices are explored and alternatives presented.

Published
2018

6. The prospect for an australian-asian power grid: A critical appraisal

Author

Halawa, E, James, G, Shi, XR, Sari, NH, Nepal, R, Halawa, E, James, G, Shi, XR, Sari, NH, and Nepal, R

Abstract

© 2018 MDPI AG. All rights reserved. Australia is an energy net self-sufficient country rich in energy resources, from fossil-based to renewable energy. Australia, a huge continent with low population density, has witnessed impressive reduction in energy consumption in various sectors of activity in recent years. Currently, coal and natural gas are two of Australia's major export earners, yet its abundant renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and tidal, are still underutilized. The majority of Asian countries, on the other hand, are in the middle of economic expansion, with increasing energy consumption and lack of energy resources or lack of energy exploration capability becoming a serious challenge. Electricity interconnection linking two or more independent grids within a country or at cross-border or regional levels has found its way into electricity markets worldwide. This concept allows for electricity exchanges that lead to optimized use and sharing of electricity generated from different sources. The interconnection also enables the long distance exploitation of renewable energy which would otherwise be physically impossible. ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and other regional groupings in Asia have initiated a number of interconnections to gain economic benefits. Asian's hunger for energy for its economic development, climate change that has become a global and urgent issue to be solved, and Australia's abundant renewable energy resources have all prompted increasing interest in a super-grid interconnection linking Australia to Asian grids, the Australian-Asian (Power) Grid (AAG). This paper overviews the existing grid interconnections as well as current initiatives at domestic, sub-regional, and regional levels worldwide, with a particular focus on Asia. The paper concludes with a critical appraisal on the benefits, potential, challenges and issues to be encountered by the AAG initiative.

Published
2018

7. A PRECISION EXPERIMENT ON ELECTRONS, PHOTONS AND MUONS AT LHC

Author

Felicitas Pauss, Y. Tang, E.L. Florian, G. Landi, M. Zhao, H. Hoorani, Wu Wm, Z. Wei, S. Zhang, Xu Zz, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Luciano Barone, Igor Vorobiev, H. Gao, Jin Bn, D. Luckey, A. Vorobiev, Qi An, A. Nippe, D. Richter, Hasan Ah, Alexander Malinin, Panos A Razis, G. Tsipolitis, L. Bragin, A. Gurtu, Manjit Kaur, G. Forconi, Yang Cy, Z. Guo, J. John, C. Qian, Liu Gl, P. Kapinos, S. Tzamarias, M. Gao, C. Neyer, E. Brambilla, Martin Jp, W. Chen, A. Klimentov, Wang Zm, Shi Xr, R. Desalvo, Streit, R. Eichler, M. Merk, P. G. Rancoita, Romeo Gc, P. Spillantini, W. Wang, Pierluigi Paolucci, N. E. Moulai, A. Hasan, Yonggang Wang, Péter Lévai, Lin Wl, Chen Hf, H. Vongunten, Wang Kl, F. Frasconi, Gong Zf, Zhang Yf, J. Bai, Carlos Willmott, J. Lampinen, Speranza Falciano, J. Berdugo, Zhang Xy, Zhao Gm, E. Shi, C. Williams, T. Ferguson, Yang Cg, Roberto Battiston, S. Kim, B. Borgia, Yu Cw, Y. Zeng, Chien Cy, A. Lebedev, Dong-Chul Son, T. Kramer, J. J. Blaising, Marco Meschini, H. Vogel, D. Kirkby, H. Anderhub, Xie Yy, D. Churakov, Zhou Mh, V. K. Gupta, V. Dratzig, C. Fang, Roberto Castello, Wei Cl, Ding Zs, Y. Yang, G. Liu, P. LeCoultre, W. Wallraff, J. Ulbricht, B. Springfellow, Chen Zhanying, D. Boscherini, J. Behrens, Gianpaolo Carlino, F. DeNotaristefani, Wang Yf, P. Lebrun, J. He, D. Goujon, L. Collaborat, C. Gu, S. K. Gupta, H. Shen, G. Lacommare, A. Rozjkov, Dova Mt, G. Ciancaglini, T. Ypsilantis, S. Banerjee, H. Yen, Salicio Jm, G. Bruni, S. Easo, A.H. Walenta, H. Li, V. Plyaskin, T. Pennington, S. Chen, G. Maccarone, K. Yang, X. Cui, Christopher George Tully, Springfellow Bc, Y.J. Pei, István T. Horváth, H. Elmamouni, Yan Ds, C. Delpapa, G. Laurenti, Samuel C.C. Ting, G. F. Sussino, Yen Hc, Yu Bt, Y. Zhang, Y. Ossipyan, Mariagrazia Alviggi, E. P. Velikhov, Sun Lz, J. P. Martin, L. Tauscher, Wang Jh, S. Chung, Chaturvedi Uk, Harvey B Newman, Dai Ts, K. Hilgers, G. Zhao, X. Zhang, J. Qu, P. Berges, Syed Aa, W. Wu, J. Riedlberger, G. Schwering, T. Lehmann, G. Terzi, S. Su, Alberto Aloisio, E. Dénes, R. Sehgal, Lin Zy, Sun Jy, Jung-Tsung Shen, M. Caria, S. Depasquale, Guo-Ming Chen, K. Freudenreich, Bolozdynya Ai, D. P. Stickland, Y. H. Chang, Cui Xt, E. Shumilov, X. Fang, K. Subhani, Ulf Roser, Rizvi Ha, F. Ciralli, L. Hsu, You Jm, Pei Yj, Zhu Gy, F. Wang, Y. Shabelski, I. Vetlitsky, Chen Wz, P. Koikkalainen, E. Klimenko, Dai Gl, V. Shoutko, Guo Zy, M. T. Dova, Wang Xx, M. Maity, W. Zhong, Egidio Longo, J. Sarvas, Malhotra Pk, P. Zemp, J. Han, He Hl, X. Hu, J. Salicio, I. Brock, Wu Sx, Nicanor Colino, Pozhidaev, Zhou Rm, S. Pensotti, X. Tang, Antonino Zichichi, D. Pandoulas, G. Zhu, Y. Mir, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, M. He, Q. Li, P. A. Piroué, B. Zhou, Y. Takahashi, Marta Felcini, Y. Mi, P. Ford, L. Kettunen, Chen Zm, Tariq Aziz, Ting Scc, M. Marino, J. Zimányi, He Jt, Ting Sm, D. Akimov, C. Grab, P. Vikas, H. He, N. Yunus, U. K. Chaturvedi, Zhao Yl, G. Zamora, Yin Cy, C. Maña, R. Li, A. Schulz, Chen Gm, J. Sun, A. Arefiev, Li Ht, Mingshui Chen, P. Gu, Li Pj, M. Zhou, Yeh Sc, M. Ge, R. Barillère, G. Romeo, G. Susinno, E. Gonzalez, Gao Hx, S. Lanzano, Adrian Biland, Rancoita Pg, H. F. Chen, J. D. Burger, B. Checcuci, G. Rahal-Callot, Shen Dz, Bencze Gl, M. Liang, Alviggi Mg, Ph Fisher, V. Koutsenko, H. Rykaczewski, Giovanni Organtini, Akimov Dy, Steven Ahlen, C. Li, Y. Zhao, Bai Jz, Zhang Cz, G. Gratta, Yuan-Pern Lee, A. Bykov, A. Engler, Federico Cindolo, N. Klassen, C. Yin, R. A. Khan, X. L. Wang, Hsu Ls, Lijun Sun, Zhou Sm, A. Malofeev, Feng Cd, Yang Ks, J.M. LeGoff, B. Xu, Hu Gq, Ye Sx, G. Alkahazov, Zhu Ry, W. Su, Kim Jk, L. Xu, P. Rosselet, Bryan R. Smith, D.H. Nan, Yang Yc, C. Ye, S. Zitzen, G. Faber, S. C. Tonwar, Z. Xue, H. Hillemanns, V. P. Andreev, R. Wang, M. Pauluzzi, M. Schoentag, Bragin La, C. Si, K. Sudhakar, D.D. Carmony, Khan Ra, Crisostomo Sciacca, Marco Pieri, Mao Yf, S. Wang, Liu Hm, Z. Qi, Y. Ye, R. Timellini, Gu Ch, M. Lenti, J. Seguinot, X. Xia, P. Arce, G. Coignet, W. Krenz, Anderson Al, Chen Zhang, D.W. Schmitz, Hu Xg, J. Ye, Yuehong Xie, Vincenzo Innocente, Fang Xl, B. Jin, W. Lu, Qureshi Kn, G. Zheng, C. Yu, Jiang Mh, H. Lan, L. Clare, D. Ren, L. J. Gutay, N. Shivarov, Claudio Luci, Gu Px, C. Spartiotis, Qu Yh, Chen Hc, U. Becker, B. Bencheick, Lin Wt, Lu Ys, P. Li, C. Nemoz, S. Hua, Joseph A. Paradiso, Robert Clare, H. Suter, G. Polivka, D. Duchesneau, L. Liu, V. Mokhnatuk, Xia Xm, S. Dutta, Kim Yg, M. Dhina, A. Rubbia, Legoff Jm, Dratzig, W. G. Ma, Paul Lecoq, M. Peiri, S. R. Chendvankar, H. Pan, C. Dionisi, Shi Ew, U. Vikas, Tamas Ferenc Csorgo, A. Contin, Z. Ren, M. Hansli, M. Capell, R. Nania, S. Zhou, Tang Xw, R. Siedling, N.A. Chernoplekov, R. Kraemer, D. DiBitonto, P. Bruni, A. L. Anderson, M. Lebeau, Pablo Garcia-Abia, X. Shi, Yuan Xl, Alain Hervé, Cui Xy, Giuseppe Iacobucci, D. Yan, H. Kalviainen, Churakov Dl, F. J. Eppling, S. Qian, M. Steuer, Zamora Gy, D. H. Wright, N. Gheordanescu, M. Schneegans, L. Servoli, J. Weber, Lee Yy, Zheng Wang, H. Larsen, Yi Jiang, L. Romero, J. F. Zhou, C. Wei, C. Coca, B. Yu, Anselmo Margotti, Howard A. Stone, A. Bujak, Oliver Kornadt, T.S. Dai, M. Toporowsky, Qi Zd, M. Pohl, R. Ayad, Kumar Ks, Cai Xd, I. Hosvatti, J.H. Wang, H. A. Rizvi, Q. Lin, D. Shen, J. Kim, M. MacDermott, Gerard Fernandez, J. Heikkonen, R. Zhou, D. Pop, Peter Denes, M. A. Niaz, Carlo Civinini, H. Liu, W. Yang, A. Kunin, Justin C.Y. Wu, M. Maolinbay, A. Koski, R. Mount, Moulai Ne, M. Bosetti, Chang Yh, S. Lelekhov, J. Field, J. Yan, M. Bourquin, K. Strauch, Zhou Jf, F. Cesaroni, S. Mangla, Gupta Sk, Wu Rj, P. Extermann, V. G. Timofeev, Yin Zw, Saverio D'Auria, Deshpande Pv, Davide Piccolo, Jozsef Toth, M. Jongmanns, M. Chiarini, X. Feng, S. N. Ganguli, M.E. Sarakinos, M. Aguilar-Benitez, G. Passaleva, W. Ni, B. Z. Yang, H. Hofer, F. Spurny, Yongsun Kim, G. M. Bilei, Z. F. Gong, M. Rattaggi, E. Geulig, Nan Dh, E. Oja, Emilio Leonardi, Elisabetta Gallo, M. Bocciolini, Su Wt, R. Bock, Z. Yin, S. Patricelli, F. Wittgenstein, Marcella Diemoz, D. Hatzifotiadou, Zheng Gr, P. Kozma, Piroue Pa, Blaising Jj, Valverde Jl, K. N. Qureshi, Chen Hs, Yu Zq, A. Tsaregorodtsev, F. Cotorobai, Gutay Lj, Ye Ch, Wang Cr, Lan Hb, Bolek Wyslouch, N. Xiao, Sau Lan Wu, A. Marin, Waclaw Karpinski, V. Kim, N. Ojala, Lu Wz, V. Gantmaher, Guo Jk, Shabelski Ym, Rodriguez Fj, F. Anselmo, Ge Mz, X. Yuan, R. Wu, S. Waldmeier, R. Mikkonen, A. Pevsner, L. Urbán, A. Bolozdynya, J. Valverde, S.W Ye, Ye Jb, Qu Js, Y. Qu, Zhang Nj, A. C. Weber, A. Chen, S. Shotkin, T. Angelescu, I. Karpushov, Q. Ye, E. Valente, C. Feng, T. Massam, G. Dai, D. McNally, M. Jin, B. Zhang, Kajari Mazumdar, X. D. Cai, S. Khokhar, T.R. McMahon, M. Zeng, G. Han, Y. Lu, M. Steinacher, Florian El, G. Viertel, Kim Sc, Xue Zl, Zhen Zhang, S. Xie, Mw Gruenewald, J. Perrier, J. Schwenke, Xie Pp, L. Martinez-Laso, G. Mirabelli, Zhang Zp, P. Marchesini, Feng Xq, M. Röhner, Z. Lin, Stickland Dp, Li Rb, K. Lübelsmeyer, J. You, P. Deguevera, Li Bm, Liu Lb, I. Scott, Y. Hu, G. Hu, Yu. Zalite, Lamberto Luminari, Vongunten Hp, W. Braunschweig, R. Deasmundis, G. Brugnola, Walenta Ah, Pierre Lecomte, G. Sartorelli, Chen Wy, G. Yang, Marco Schioppa, B. Delacruz, F. J. Rodriguez, V. Grazjilis, Yang Bz, Eppling Fj, Ma Wg, P. V. Deshpande, O. Adriani, Chunjie Wang, Z. Yu, Liang Yn, C. Y. Chien, C. Yang, J. Ma, K. Tung, K. Wang, P. Xie, Q. Gao, Zhong Wz, B. L. Betev, B. Li, N. J. Zhang, M. Priszuyak, Giuseppe Levi, Ma Jm, Luca Lista, D. Fernandez, Yanwen Liu, Liu Yy, Willis Lin, Chen Sn, A. M. Cartacci, R. Raghavan, Zhang Xs, M. Choi, R. Rickenbach, Z. Z. Xu, L. Cifarelli, Tonwar Sc, Yu. Kolotaev, V. Pojidaev, Han Gy, F. Palmonari, N. Scholz, M. Wadhwa, V. R. Krastev, F. Block, M. Vomacha, A. A. Syed, M. Rescigno, L. Votano, Fisher Ph, Bilei Gm, Jun Guo, B. Lindemann, Y. Mao, P. Giusti, M. Jiang, Wang Wm, H. Gerwig, Ganguli Sn, C. Burgos, Tung Kl, K. Shankar, F. Behner, Andrea Baschirotto, Ni Wt, Hua Sk, M. Zofka, Raffaello D'Alessandro, G. Anzivino, Wei Zy, Z. Ding, I. Schegelev, T. Paul, Marcos Cerrada, Sergei Petrovich Novikov, Yu. Galaktionov, Cartacci Am, J. Alcaraz, Choi Mt, Cheng Chen, A. Mihul, Hu Yl, W. J. Burger, C. Zaccardelli, Jian-Ping Chen, S. C. Yeh, T. Barillari, Aziz, T., Bock, R., Braunschweig, W., Geulig, E., Hilgers, K., Hillemanns, H., Karpinski, W., Kornadt, O., Krenz, W., Lehmann, T., Lindemann, B., Lubelsmeyer, K., Nippe, A., Pandoulas, D., Pei, Y. J., Rohner, M., Schmitz, D., Schoentag, M., Schulz, A., Dratzig, V., Schwenke, J., Schwering, G., Siedling, R., Subhani, K., Toporowsky, M., Wallraff, W., Weber, A., Xiao, N., Zeng, Y., Zhou, J. F., Zitzen, S., Blaising, J. J., Coignet, G., Lebeau, M., Schneegans, M., Chien, C. Y., Fisher, P. H., Paul, T., Pevsner, A., Spartiotis, C., Li, H., Wang, W. M., B. T., Yu, Zhou, S. M., Bai, J. Z., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. N., Dai, G. L., Fang, C., J. T., He, X. G., Hu, Jin, B. N., Lan, H. B., B. M., Li, H. T., Li, R. B., Li, Liu, H. M., Y. S., Lu, J. M., Ma, Mao, Y. F., Y. H., Qu, Shen, J., Tang, X. W., Tung, K. L., Wang, F., Wang, J. H., Wei, C. L., R. J., Wu, Xie, P. P., Yan, J., Yang, C. G., Yang, K. S., Z. Q., Yu, Zheng, G. R., Zhu, G. Y., Zhang, B., Chen, W. Z., Chen, Z. M., Guo, Z. Y., Liang, Y. N., Liu, G. L., Nan, D. H., J. S., Qu, Yin, C. Y., Zhang, C. Z., Block, F., Boscherini, D., Bruni, G., Bruni, P., Romeo, G. C., Chiarini, M., Cindolo, F., Ciralli, F., Dauria, S., Delpapa, C., Frasconi, F., Giusti, P., Iacobucci, G., Levi, G., Maccarone, G., Margotti, A., Massam, T., Nania, R., Palmonari, F., Sartorelli, G., Timellini, R., Tzamarias, S., Banerjee, S., Chendvankar, S. R., Deshpande, P. V., Ganguli, S. N., Gupta, S. K., Gurtu, A., Malhotra, P. K., Mazumdar, K., Raghavan, R., Shankar, K., Sudhakar, K., Tonwar, S. C., Ahlen, S., Marin, A., Zhou, B., Angelescu, T., Cotorobai, F., Gheordanescu, N., Mihul, A., Pop, D., Bencze, G. L., Csorgo, T., Denes, E., Hosvatti, I., Levai, P., Priszuyak, M., Toth, J., Urban, L., Zimanyi, J., Kumar, K. S., Kunin, A., Scott, I., Strauch, K., Anderson, A. L., Becker, U., Berges, P., Burger, J. D., Capell, M., Chang, Y. H., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chung, S., Clare, L., Clare, R., Dai, T. S., Eppling, F. J., Klimentov, A., Koutsenko, V., Kramer, T., Lebedev, A., Luckey, D., Rubbia, A., Sarakinos, M. S., Shotkin, S., Smith, B., Steuer, M., S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Wyslouch, B., Gantmaher, V., Grazjilis, V., Klassen, N., Ossipyan, Y., Schegelev, I., Timofeev, V., Chen, A., Lin, W. T., Barillari, T., Schioppa, M., Susinno, G., Adriani, O., Cartacci, A. M., Ciancaglini, G., Civinini, C., Dalessandro, R., Gallo, E., Meschini, M., Pojidaev, V., Spillantini, P., Wang, Y. F., Anzivino, G., Depasquale, S., Votano, L., Alcaraz, J., Anselmo, F., Barillere, R., Brugnola, G., Colino, N., Desalvo, R., Felcini, M., Ford, P., Gerwig, H., Herve, A., Innocente, V., Lacommare, G., Larsen, H., Laurenti, G., Lecoq, P., Legoff, J. M., Marino, M., Nemoz, C., Pieri, M., Salicio, J., Williams, C., Wittgenstein, F., Zichichi, A., Bourquin, M., Ayad, R., Bencheick, B., Cai, X. D., Chaturvedi, U. K., Chen, W. Y., Cui, X. T., Cui, X. Y., Dova, M. T., Gu, C., Hasan, A. H., Hatzifotiadou, D., H. L., He, Hu, G., Khan, R. A., Kaur, M., Khokhar, S., Valverde, J. L., Florian, E. L., Lin, Q., Liu, L. B., Mi, Y., Mir, Y., Moulai, N. E., Niaz, M. A., Qian, S., Qureshi, K. N., Ren, Z., Rizvi, H. A., Sehgal, R., Shabelski, Y. M., Sun, J. Y., Sun, L. Z., Syed, A. A., Vikas, P., Vikas, U., Wadhwa, M., Wang, K. L., Wang, Z. M., S. X., Wu, Xia, X. M., Yang, C. Y., Yang, G., C. H., Ye, Ye, Q., Ye, Y., You, J. M., Yunus, N., Zamora, G. Y., Zeng, M., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, M., Ding, Z. S., M. Z., Ge, Han, G. Y., Jin, M., Tang, Y., Wang, R., C. W., Yu, Zhang, X. S., An, Q., Chen, H. F., Gao, Q., Gong, Z. F., C. H., Gu, Jiang, Y., Li, C., Lin, Z. Y., Liu, Y. Y., W. Z., Lu, W. G., Ma, Wang, C. R., Wu, J., Z. Z., Xu, Yang, B. Z., J. B., Ye, S. X., Ye, Zhou, M. H., Su, S., Lee, Y. Y., W. T., Ni, Yang, Y. C., Yeh, S. C., Yen, H. C., Takahashi, Y., Chen, H. C., Han, J. R., He, M., Jiang, M. H., Li, Q., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Rosselet, P., Lebrun, P., Martin, J. P., Aguilarbenitez, M., Arce, P., Berdugo, J., Burgos, C., Cerrada, M., Fernandez, D., Fernandez, G., Garciaabia, P., Gonzalez, E., Mana, C., Martinezlaso, L., Rodriguez, F. J., Romero, L., Salicio, J. M., Willmott, C., Baschirotto, A., Bosetti, M., Castello, R., Pensotti, S., Rancoita, P. G., Rattaggi, M., Terzi, G., Akimov, D. Y., Arefiev, A., Bolozdynya, A. I., Churakov, D. L., Galaktionov, Y., Kolotaev, Y., Malinin, A., Plyaskin, V., Rozjkov, A., Shumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Vetlitsky, I., Vorobiev, I., Bragin, L. A., Chernoplekov, N., Karpushov, I., Klimenko, E., Lelekhov, S., Malofeev, A., Mokhnatuk, V., Novikov, S., Velikhov, E., Aloisio, Alberto, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Brambilla, E., Carlino, G., Deasmundis, R., Lanzano, S., Lista, L., Paolucci, P., Patricelli, Sergio, Piccolo, D., Sciacca, Crisostomo, Razis, P., Seguinot, J., Ypsilantis, T., Gratta, G., Gruenewald, M., Kirkby, D., Mount, R., Newman, H., Shi, X. R., Tully, C., Zaccardelli, C., Zhu, R. Y., Battiston, R., Bilei, G. M., Caria, M., Checcuci, B., Easo, S., Krastev, V., Pauluzzi, M., Servoli, L., Wang, S., Cifarelli, L., Denes, P., Gupta, V., Piroue, P. A., Stone, H., Stickland, D. P., Wright, D., Barone, L., Borgia, B., Cesaroni, F., Denotaristefani, F., Diemoz, M., Dionisi, C., Falciano, S., Leonardi, E., Longo, E., Luci, C., Luminari, L., Mirabelli, G., Organtini, G., Rescigno, M., Valente, E., Andreev, V., Alkahazov, G., Bykov, A., Kapinos, P., Kim, V., Tsaregorodtsev, A., Vorobiev, A., Zalite, Y., Shen, H., W. M., Wu, Pan, H., Qian, C., Si, C., Xie, S., Xu, B., Yang, W., Zhang, S., Fang, X. L., Feng, C. D., Feng, X. Q., Gao, H. X., Gao, M., P. X., Gu, Guo, J. K., G. Q., Hu, Y. L., Hu, Hua, S. K., P. J., Li, Z. D., Qi, Shen, D. Z., Shi, E. W., W. T., Su, Wang, X. X., Wei, Z. Y., Xie, Y. Y., Xu, L., Xue, Z. L., Yan, D. S., Yin, Z. W., Yuan, X. L., Zhang, Y. F., Zhao, G. M., Zhao, Y. L., Zhong, W. Z., Zhou, R. M., Walenta, A. H., Shivarov, N., Choi, M. T., Kim, J. K., Kim, Y. G., Kim, S. C., Son, D., Hsu, L. S., Lin, W. L., Dibitonto, D., Pennington, T., Bujak, A., Carmony, D. D., Gutay, L. J., Mcmahon, T., Springfellow, B. C., Anderhub, H., Behner, F., Behrens, J., Betev, B., Biland, A., Dhina, M., Faber, G., Freudenreich, K., Hansli, M., Hofer, H., Horvath, I., Jongmanns, M., Lecomte, P., Lecoultre, P., Macdermott, M., Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Mcnally, D., Nessitedaldi, F., Neyer, C., Paradiso, J., Pauss, F., Pohl, M., Rahalcallot, G., Ren, D., Scholz, N., Roser, U., Rykaczewski, H., Suter, H., Ulbricht, J., Viertel, G., Vongunten, H. P., Waldmeier, S., Weber, J., and Zemp, P.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Wire chamber, Photon, Large Hadron Collider, HADRON CALORIMETRY, LUND MONTE-CARLO, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM, BOUND-STATES, CERIUM FLUORIDE, Particle detector, Particle identification, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, Upgrade, PYTHIA VERSION 4.8, P COLLIDER, Physics::Accelerator Physics, GAS SAMPLING CALORIMETER, High Energy Physics::Experiment, POSITRON ANNIHILATIONS, Instrumentation, L3 EXPERIMENT
Abstract

We describe the upgrade of the L3 detector for running at LHC. The principle goals are the precise measurement of electrons, photons and muons.

Published
2016
Full Text
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10. SEARCH FOR ANOMALOUS Z-]GAMMA-GAMMA-GAMMA EVENTS AT LEP

Author

Acciarri, M, Adam, A, Adriani, O, Aguilarbenitez, M, Ahlen, S, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alverson, G, Alviggi, Mg, Ambrosi, G, An, Q, Anderhub, H, Anderson, Al, Andreev, Vp, Angelescu, T, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Alkhazov, G, Arce, P, Arefiev, A, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Baba, Pvks, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L, Ball, Rc, Banerjee, S, Banicz, K, Barillere, R, Barone, Luciano Maria, Baschirotto, A, Basile, M, Battiston, R, Bay, A, Becattini, F, Becker, U, Behner, F, Bencze, Gl, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Betev, Bl, Biasini, M, Biland, A, Bilei, Gm, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, Jj, Bobbink, Gl, Bock, R, Bohm, A, Borgia, B, Boucham, A, Bourilkov, D, Bourquin, M, Boutigny, D, Bouwens, B, Brambilla, E, Branson, Jg, Brigljevic, V, Brock, Ic, Brooks, M, Bujak, A, Burger, Jd, Burger, Wj, Burgos, C, Busenitz, J, Buytenhuijs, A, Bykov, A, Cai, Xd, Capell, M, Romeo, Gc, Caria, M, Carlino, G, Cartacci, Am, Casaus, J, Castello, R, Cavallo, N, Cerrada, M, Cesaroni, F, Chamizo, M, Chang, Yh, Chaturvedi, Uk, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, G, Chen, Gm, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, M, Chiefari, G, Chien, Cy, Choi, Mt, Chung, S, Cifarelli, L, Cindolo, F, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coan, Te, Cohn, Ho, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Commichau, V, Costantini, S, Cotorobai, F, Delacruz, B, Cui, Xt, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R, Deasmundis, R, Degre, A, Deiters, K, Denes, E, Denes, P, Denotaristefani, F, Dibitonto, D, Diemoz, M, Dimitrov, Hr, Dionisi, C, Dittmar, M, Dorne, I, Dova, Mt, Drago, E, Duchesneau, D, Duhem, F, Duinker, P, Duran, I, Dutta, S, Easo, S, Elmamouni, H, Engler, A, Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Extermann, P, Fabbretti, R, Fabre, M, Falciano, S, Favara, A, Fay, J, Felcini, M, Ferguson, T, Fernandez, D, Fernandez, G, Ferroni, Fernando, Fesefeldt, H, Fiandrini, E, Field, Jh, Filthaut, F, Fisher, Ph, Forconi, G, Fredj, L, Freudenreich, K, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Y, Gallo, E, Ganguli, Sn, Garciaabia, P, Gau, Ss, Gentile, Simonetta, Gerald, J, Gheordanescu, N, Giagu, Stefano, Goldfarb, S, Goldstein, J, Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E, Gougas, A, Goujon, D, Gratta, G, Gruenewald, Mw, Gu, C, Guanziroli, M, Gupta, Vk, Gurtu, A, Gustafson, Hr, Gutay, Lj, Hartmann, B, Hasan, A, Hauschildt, D, He, Jt, Hebbeker, T, Herbert, M, Herve, A, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hoorani, H, Hou, Sr, Hu, G, Ille, B, Ilyas, Mm, Innocente, V, Janssen, H, Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Dejong, P, Josamutuberria, I, Kasser, A, Khan, Ra, Kamyshkov, Y, Kapinos, P, Kapustinsky, Js, Karyotakis, Y, Kaur, M, Khokhar, S, Kienzlefocacci, Mn, Kim, D, Kim, Jk, Kim, Sc, Kim, Yg, Kinnison, Ww, Kirkby, A, Kirkby, D, Kirkby, J, Kirsch, S, Kittel, W, Klimentov, A, Konig, Ac, Koffeman, E, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V, Koulbardis, A, Kraemer, Rw, Kramer, T, Krastev, Vr, Krenz, W, Kuijten, H, Kunin, A, Deguevara, Pl, Landi, G, Lanzano, S, Laurikainen, P, Lebedev, A, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, P, Lecoultre, P, Lee, Dm, Lee, Js, Lee, Ky, Leedom, I, Leggett, C, Legoff, Jm, Leiste, R, Lenti, M, Leonardi, E, Levtchenko, P, Li, C, Lieb, E, Lin, Wt, Linde, Fl, Lindemann, B, Lista, L, Liu, Y, Lohmann, W, Longo, E, Lu, W, Lu, Ys, Lubbers, Jm, Lubelsmeyer, K, Luci, Claudio, Luckey, D, Ludovici, L, Luminari, L, Lustermann, W, Ma, Wg, Macdermott, M, Maity, M, Malgeri, L, Malik, R, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Mangla, S, Maolinbay, M, Marchesini, P, Marin, A, Martin, Jp, Marzano, F, Massaro, Ggg, Mazumdar, K, Mcmahon, T, Mcnally, D, Mele, S, Merk, M, Merola, L, Meschini, M, Metzger, Wj, Mi, Y, Mihul, A, Mills, Gb, Mir, Y, Mirabelli, G, Mnich, J, Moller, M, Monaco, V, Monteleoni, B, Morand, R, Morganti, S, Moulai, Ne, Mount, R, Muller, S, Nagy, E, Napolitano, M, Nessitedaldi, F, Newman, H, Niaz, Ma, Nippe, A, Nowak, H, Organtini, Giovanni, Ostonen, R, Pandoulas, D, Paoletti, S, Paolucci, P, Pascale, G, Passaleva, G, Patricelli, S, Paul, T, Pauluzzi, M, Paus, C, Pauss, F, Pei, Yj, Pensotti, S, Perretgallix, D, Pevsner, A, Piccolo, D, Pieri, M, Pinto, Jc, Piroue, Pa, Pistolesi, E, Plasil, F, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Pojidaev, V, Postema, H, Produit, N, Qian, Jm, Qureshi, Kn, Raghavan, R, Rahalcallot, G, Rancoita, Pg, Rattaggi, M, Raven, G, Razis, P, Read, K, Redaelli, M, Ren, D, Ren, Z, Rescigno, M, Reucroft, S, Ricker, A, Riemann, S, Riemers, Bc, Riles, K, Rind, O, Rizvi, Ha, Ro, S, Robohm, A, Rodriguez, Fj, Roe, Bp, Rohner, M, Rohner, S, Romero, L, Rosierlees, S, Rosmalen, R, Rosselet, P, Vanrossum, W, Roth, S, Rubbia, A, Rubio, Ja, Rykaczewski, H, Salicio, J, Salicio, Jm, Sanchez, E, Sanders, Gs, Santocchia, A, Sarakinos, Me, Sarkar, S, Sartorelli, G, Sassowsky, M, Sauvage, G, Schafer, C, Schegelsky, V, Schmitz, D, Schmitz, P, Schneegans, M, Scholz, N, Schopper, H, Schotanus, Dj, Shotkin, S, Schreiber, Hj, Shukla, J, Schulte, R, Schultze, K, Schwenke, J, Schwering, G, Sciacca, C, Sehgal, R, Seiler, Pg, Sens, Jc, Servoli, L, Sheer, I, Shevchenko, S, Shi, Xr, Shumilov, E, Shoutko, V, Son, D, Sopczak, A, Soulimov, V, Spartiotis, C, Spickermann, T, Spillantini, P, Steuer, M, Stickland, Dp, Sticozzi, F, Stone, H, Strauch, K, Sudhakar, K, Sultanov, G, Sun, Lz, Susinno, Gf, Suter, H, Swain, Jd, Syed, Aa, Tang, Xw, Taylor, L, Timellini, R, Ting, Scc, Ting, Sm, Toker, O, Tonutti, M, Tonwar, Sc, Toth, J, Trowitzsch, G, Tsaregorodtsev, A, Tsipolitis, G, Tully, C, Ulbricht, J, Urban, L, Uwer, U, Valente, E, Vandewalle, Rt, Vetlitsky, I, Viertel, G, Vikas, P, Vikas, U, Vivargent, M, Vogel, H, Vogt, H, Vorobiev, I, Vorobyov, Aa, Vuilleumier, L, Wadhwa, M, Wallraff, W, Wang, Jc, Wang, Xl, Wang, Yf, Wang, Zm, Weber, A, Weill, R, Willmott, C, Wittgenstein, F, Wright, D, Wu, Sx, Wynhoff, S, Zu, Zz, Yang, Bz, Yang, Cg, Yang, G, Yao, Xy, Ye, Ch, Ye, Jb, Ye, Q, Yeh, Sc, You, Jm, Yanus, N, Yzerman, M, Zaccardelli, C, Zemp, P, Zeng, M, Zeng, Y, Zhang, Dh, Zhang, Zp, Zhou, B, Zhou, Gj, Zhou, Jf, Zhu, Ry, Zichichi, A, Vanderzwaan, Bcc, Acciarri, M., Adam, A., Adriani, O., Aguilarbenitez, M., Ahlen, S., Alcaraz, J., Aloisio, Alberto, Alverson, G., Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Anderhub, H., Anderson, A. L., Andreev, V. P., Angelescu, T., Antonov, L., Antreasyan, D., Alkhazov, G., Arce, P., Arefiev, A., Azemoon, T., Aziz, T., P. V. K., Bagnaia, P., Bakken, J. A., Baksay, L., Ball, R. C., Banerjee, S., Banicz, K., Barillere, R., Barone, L., Baschirotto, A., Basile, M., Battiston, R., Bay, A., Becattini, F., Becker, U., Behner, F., Bencze, G. L., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Betev, B. L., Biasini, M., Biland, A., Bilei, G. M., Bizzarri, R., Blaising, J. J., Bobbink, G. L., Bock, R., Bohm, A., Borgia, B., Boucham, A., Bourilkov, D., Bourquin, M., Boutigny, D., Bouwens, B., Brambilla, E., Branson, J. G., Brigljevic, V., Brock, I. C., Brooks, M., Bujak, A., Burger, J. D., Burger, W. J., Burgos, C., Busenitz, J., Buytenhuijs, A., Bykov, A., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Romeo, G. C., Caria, M., Carlino, G., Cartacci, A. M., Casaus, J., Castello, R., Cavallo, N., Cerrada, M., Cesaroni, F., Chamizo, M., Chang, Y. H., Chaturvedi, U. K., Chemarin, M., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, G., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chiefari, Giovanni, Chien, C. Y., Choi, M. T., Chung, S., Cifarelli, L., Cindolo, F., Civinini, C., Clare, I., Clare, R., Coan, T. E., Cohn, H. O., Coignet, G., Colino, N., Commichau, V., Costantini, S., Cotorobai, F., Delacruz, B., Cui, X. T., Cui, X. Y., Dai, T. S., Dalessandro, R., Deasmundis, R., Degre, A., Deiters, K., Denes, E., Denes, P., Denotaristefani, F., Dibitonto, D., Diemoz, M., Dimitrov, H. R., Dionisi, C., Dittmar, M., Dorne, I., Dova, M. T., Drago, E., Duchesneau, D., Duhem, F., Duinker, P., Duran, I., Dutta, S., Easo, S., Elmamouni, H., Engler, A., Eppling, F. J., Erne, F. C., Extermann, P., Fabbretti, R., Fabre, M., Falciano, S., Favara, A., Fay, J., Felcini, M., Ferguson, T., Fernandez, D., Fernandez, G., Ferroni, F., Fesefeldt, H., Fiandrini, E., Field, J. H., Filthaut, F., Fisher, P. H., Forconi, G., Fredj, L., Freudenreich, K., Gailloud, M., Galaktionov, Y., Gallo, E., Ganguli, S. N., Garciaabia, P., Gau, S. S., Gentile, S., Gerald, J., Gheordanescu, N., Giagu, S., Goldfarb, S., Goldstein, J., Gong, Z. F., Gonzalez, E., Gougas, A., Goujon, D., Gratta, G., Gruenewald, M. W., Gu, C., Guanziroli, M., Gupta, V. K., Gurtu, A., Gustafson, H. R., Gutay, L. J., Hartmann, B., Hasan, A., Hauschildt, D., J. T., He, Hebbeker, T., Herbert, M., Herve, A., Hilgers, K., Hofer, H., Hoorani, H., Hou, S. R., Hu, G., Ille, B., Ilyas, M. M., Innocente, V., Janssen, H., Jin, B. N., Jones, L. W., Dejong, P., Josamutuberria, I., Kasser, A., Khan, R. A., Kamyshkov, Y., Kapinos, P., Kapustinsky, J. S., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, M., Khokhar, S., Kienzlefocacci, M. N., Kim, D., Kim, J. K., Kim, S. C., Kim, Y. G., Kinnison, W. W., Kirkby, A., Kirkby, D., Kirkby, J., Kirsch, S., Kittel, W., Klimentov, A., Konig, A. C., Koffeman, E., Kornadt, O., Koutsenko, V., Koulbardis, A., Kraemer, R. W., Kramer, T., Krastev, V. R., Krenz, W., Kuijten, H., Kunin, A., Deguevara, P. L., Landi, G., Lanzano, S., Laurikainen, P., Lebedev, A., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, P., Lee, D. M., Lee, J. S., Lee, K. Y., Leedom, I., Leggett, C., Legoff, J. M., Leiste, R., Lenti, M., Leonardi, E., Levtchenko, P., Li, C., Lieb, E., Lin, W. T., Linde, F. L., Lindemann, B., Lista, L., Liu, Y., Lohmann, W., Longo, E., Lu, W., Y. S., Lu, Lubbers, J. M., Lubelsmeyer, K., Luci, C., Luckey, D., Ludovici, L., Luminari, L., Lustermann, W., W. G., Ma, Macdermott, M., Maity, M., Malgeri, L., Malik, R., Malinin, A., Mana, C., Mangla, S., Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Marin, A., Martin, J. P., Marzano, F., G. G. G., Mazumdar, K., Mcmahon, T., Mcnally, D., Mele, S., Merk, M., Merola, Leonardo, Meschini, M., Metzger, W. J., Mi, Y., Mihul, A., Mills, G. B., Mir, Y., Mirabelli, G., Mnich, J., Moller, M., Monaco, V., Monteleoni, B., Morand, R., Morganti, S., Moulai, N. E., Mount, R., Muller, S., Nagy, E., Napolitano, Marco, Nessitedaldi, F., Newman, H., Niaz, M. A., Nippe, A., Nowak, H., Organtini, G., Ostonen, R., Pandoulas, D., Paoletti, S., Paolucci, P., Pascale, G., Passaleva, G., Patricelli, Sergio, Paul, T., Pauluzzi, M., Paus, C., Pauss, F., Pei, Y. J., Pensotti, S., Perretgallix, D., Pevsner, A., Piccolo, D., Pieri, M., Pinto, J. C., Piroue, P. A., Pistolesi, E., Plasil, F., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Pojidaev, V., Postema, H., Produit, N., Qian, J. M., Qureshi, K. N., Raghavan, R., Rahalcallot, G., Rancoita, P. G., Rattaggi, M., Raven, G., Razis, P., Read, K., Redaelli, M., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Rescigno, M., Reucroft, S., Ricker, A., Riemann, S., Riemers, B. C., Riles, K., Rind, O., Rizvi, H. A., Ro, S., Robohm, A., Rodriguez, F. J., Roe, B. P., Rohner, M., Rohner, S., Romero, L., Rosierlees, S., Rosmalen, R., Rosselet, P., Vanrossum, W., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Rubio, J. A., Rykaczewski, H., Salicio, J., Salicio, J. M., Sanchez, E., Sanders, G. S., Santocchia, A., Sarakinos, M. E., Sarkar, S., Sartorelli, G., Sassowsky, M., Sauvage, G., Schafer, C., Schegelsky, V., Schmitz, D., Schmitz, P., Schneegans, M., Scholz, N., Schopper, H., Schotanus, D. J., Shotkin, S., Schreiber, H. J., Shukla, J., Schulte, R., Schultze, K., Schwenke, J., Schwering, G., Sciacca, Crisostomo, Sehgal, R., Seiler, P. G., Sens, J. C., Servoli, L., Sheer, I., Shevchenko, S., Shi, X. R., Shumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Son, D., Sopczak, A., Soulimov, V., Spartiotis, C., Spickermann, T., Spillantini, P., Steuer, M., Stickland, D. P., Sticozzi, F., Stone, H., Strauch, K., Sudhakar, K., Sultanov, G., Sun, L. Z., Susinno, G. F., Suter, H., Swain, J. D., Syed, A. A., Tang, X. W., Taylor, L., Timellini, R., S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Toker, O., Tonutti, M., Tonwar, S. C., Toth, J., Trowitzsch, G., Tsaregorodtsev, A., Tsipolitis, G., Tully, C., Ulbricht, J., Urban, L., Uwer, U., Valente, E., Vandewalle, R. T., Vetlitsky, I., Viertel, G., Vikas, P., Vikas, U., Vivargent, M., Vogel, H., Vogt, H., Vorobiev, I., Vorobyov, A. A., Vuilleumier, L., Wadhwa, M., Wallraff, W., Wang, J. C., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Weber, A., Weill, R., Willmott, C., Wittgenstein, F., Wright, D., S. X., Wu, Wynhoff, S., Z. Z., Zu, Yang, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yao, X. Y., C. H., Ye, J. B., Ye, Ye, Q., Yeh, S. C., You, J. M., Yanus, N., Yzerman, M., Zaccardelli, C., Zemp, P., Zeng, M., Zeng, Y., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, Z. P., Zhou, B., Zhou, G. J., Zhou, J. F., Zhu, R. Y., Zichichi, A., and B. C. C.

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, PHOTONS, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Particle Physics - Experiment, L3 EXPERIMENT
Abstract

We have searched for anomalous Z --> gamma gamma gamma events with the L3 detector at LEP. No significant deviations from the expected QED e(+)e(-)-->gamma gamma gamma events are observed. The branching ratio upper limit for a composite Z decaying directly into three photons is found to be 1.0 x 10(-1) at 95% C.L. The branching ratio upper limits for the process Z-->gamma X,X-->gamma gamma are in the range of 0.4 to 1.3 x 10(-5), depending on the mass and width of the scalar particle X. In the context of a model with magnetic monopoles coupling to the Z, we find BR(Z-->gamma gamma gamma) < 0.8 x 10(-5) at 95% C.L; this results in a lower mass limit of 510 GeV for a magnetic monopole.

Published
1995

11. Energy and Particle Flow in 3-Jet and Radiative 2-Jet Events from Hadronic Z-Decays

Author

Acciarri, M, Adam, A, Adriani, O, Aguilarbenitez, M, Ahlen, S, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alverson, G, Alviggi, Mg, Ambrosi, G, An, Q, Anderhub, H, Anderson, Al, Andreev, Vp, Angelescu, T, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Alkhazov, G, Arce, P, Arefiev, A, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Baba, Pvks, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L, Ball, Rc, Banerjee, S, Banicz, K, Barillere, R, Barone, Luciano Maria, Baschirotto, A, Basile, M, Battiston, R, Bay, A, Becattini, F, Becker, U, Behner, F, Bencze, Gl, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Betev, Bl, Biasini, M, Biland, A, Bilei, Gm, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, Jj, Bobbink, Gj, Bock, R, Bohm, A, Borgia, B, Boucham, A, Bourilkov, D, Bourquin, M, Boutigny, D, Bouwens, B, Brambilla, E, Branson, Jg, Brigljevic, V, Brock, Ic, Brooks, M, Bujak, A, Burger, Jd, Burger, Wj, Burgos, C, Busenitz, J, Buytenhuijs, A, Bykov, A, Cai, Xd, Capell, M, Romeo, Gc, Caria, M, Carlino, G, Cartacci, Am, Casaus, J, Castello, R, Cavallo, N, Cerrada, M, Cesaroni, F, Chamizo, M, Chang, Yh, Chaturvedi, Uk, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, G, Chen, Gm, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, M, Chiefari, G, Chien, Cy, Choi, Mt, Chung, S, Cifarelli, L, Cindolo, F, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coan, Te, Cohn, Ho, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Costantini, S, Cotorobai, F, Delacruz, B, Cui, Xt, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R, Deasmundis, R, Degre, A, Deiters, K, Denes, E, Denes, P, Denotaristefani, F, Dibitonto, D, Diemoz, M, Dimitrov, Hr, Dionisi, C, Dittmar, M, Djambazov, L, Dorne, I, Dova, Mt, Drago, E, Duchesneau, D, Duhem, F, Duinker, P, Duran, I, Dutta, S, Easo, S, Elmamouni, H, Engler, A, Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Extermann, P, Fabbretti, R, Fabre, M, Falciano, S, Favara, A, Fay, J, Felcini, M, Ferguson, T, Fernandez, D, Fernandez, G, Ferroni, Fernando, Fesefeldt, H, Fiandrini, E, Field, Jh, Filthaut, F, Fisher, Ph, Forconi, G, Fredj, L, Freudenreich, K, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Y, Gallo, E, Ganguli, Sn, Garciaabia, P, Gentile, Simonetta, Gerald, J, Gheordanescu, N, Giagu, Stefano, Goldfarb, S, Goldstein, J, Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E, Gougas, A, Goujon, D, Gratta, G, Gruenewald, Mw, Guanziroli, Cgm, Gupta, Vk, Gurtu, A, Gustafson, Hr, Gutay, Lj, Hasan, A, Hauschildt, D, He, Jt, Hebbeker, T, Hebert, M, Herve, A, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hoorani, H, Hou, Sr, Hu, G, Ille, B, Ilyas, Mm, Innocente, V, Janssen, H, Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Dejong, P, Josamutuberria, I, Kasser, A, Khan, Ra, Kamyshkov, Y, Kapinos, P, Kapustinsky, Js, Karyotakis, Y, Kaur, M, Khokhar, S, Kienzlefocacci, Mn, Kim, D, Kim, Jk, Kim, Sc, Kim, Yg, Kinnison, Ww, Kirkby, A, Kirkby, D, Kirkby, J, Kirsch, S, Kittel, W, Klimentov, A, Konig, Ac, Koffeman, E, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V, Koulbardis, A, Kraemer, Rw, Kramer, T, Krastev, Vr, Krenz, W, Kuijten, H, Kumar, Ks, Kunin, A, Deguevara, Pl, Landi, G, Lanske, D, Lanzano, S, Laurikainen, P, Lebedev, A, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, P, Lecoultre, P, Lee, Dm, Lee, Js, Lee, Ky, Leedom, I, Leggett, C, Legoff, Jm, Leiste, R, Lenti, M, Leonardi, E, Levtchenko, P, Li, C, 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Dp, Sticozzi, F, Stone, H, Strauch, K, Sudhakar, K, Sultanov, G, Sun, Lz, Susinno, Gf, Suter, H, Swain, Jd, Syed, Aa, Tang, Xw, Taylor, L, Timellini, R, Ting, Scc, Ting, Sm, Toker, O, Tonutti, M, Tonwar, Sc, Toth, J, Trowitzsch, G, Tsaregorodtsev, A, Tsipolitis, G, Tully, C, Ulbricht, J, Urban, L, Uwer, U, Valente, E, Vandewalle, Rt, Vetlitsky, I, Viertel, G, Vikas, P, Vikas, U, Vivargent, M, Vogel, H, Vogt, H, Vorobiev, I, Vorobyov, Aa, Vuilleumier, L, Wadhwa, M, Wallraff, W, Wang, Jc, Wang, Xl, Wang, Yf, Wang, Zm, Weber, A, Weber, J, Weill, R, Willmott, C, Wittgenstein, F, Wright, D, Wu, Sx, Wynhoff, S, Xu, Zz, Yang, Bz, Yang, Cg, Yang, G, Yao, Xy, Ye, Ch, Ye, Jb, Ye, Q, Yeh, Sc, You, Jm, Yunus, N, Yzerman, M, Zaccardelli, C, Zemp, P, Zeng, M, Zeng, Y, Zhang, Dh, Zhang, Zp, Zhou, B, Zhou, Gj, Zhou, Jf, Zhu, Ry, Zichichi, A, Vanderzwaan, Bcc, Acciarri, M., Adam, A., Adriani, O., Aguilarbenitez, M., Ahlen, S., Alcaraz, J., Aloisio, Alberto, Alverson, G., Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Anderhub, H., Anderson, A. 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N., Garciaabia, P., Gentile, S., Gerald, J., Gheordanescu, N., Giagu, S., Goldfarb, S., Goldstein, J., Gong, Z. F., Gonzalez, E., Gougas, A., Goujon, D., Gratta, G., Gruenewald, M. W., C. G. M., Gupta, V. K., Gurtu, A., Gustafson, H. R., Gutay, L. J., Hasan, A., Hauschildt, D., J. T., He, Hebbeker, T., Hebert, M., Herve, A., Hilgers, K., Hofer, H., Hoorani, H., Hou, S. R., Hu, G., Ille, B., Ilyas, M. M., Innocente, V., Janssen, H., Jin, B. N., Jones, L. W., Dejong, P., Josamutuberria, I., Kasser, A., Khan, R. A., Kamyshkov, Y., Kapinos, P., Kapustinsky, J. S., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, M., Khokhar, S., Kienzlefocacci, M. N., Kim, D., Kim, J. K., Kim, S. C., Kim, Y. G., Kinnison, W. W., Kirkby, A., Kirkby, D., Kirkby, J., Kirsch, S., Kittel, W., Klimentov, A., Konig, A. C., Koffeman, E., Kornadt, O., Koutsenko, V., Koulbardis, A., Kraemer, R. W., Kramer, T., Krastev, V. R., Krenz, W., Kuijten, H., Kumar, K. S., Kunin, A., Deguevara, P. L., Landi, G., Lanske, D., Lanzano, S., Laurikainen, P., Lebedev, A., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, P., Lee, D. M., Lee, J. S., Lee, K. Y., Leedom, I., Leggett, C., Legoff, J. M., Leiste, R., Lenti, M., Leonardi, E., Levtchenko, P., Li, C., Lieb, E., Lin, W. T., Linde, F. L., Lindemann, B., Lista, L., Liu, Y., Lohmann, W., Longo, E., Lu, W., Y. S., Lu, Lubbers, J. M., Lubelsmeyer, K., Luci, C., Luckey, D., Ludovici, L., Luminari, L., Lustermann, W., W. G., Ma, Macdermott, M., Maity, M., Malgeri, L., Malik, R., Malinin, A., Mana, C., Mangla, S., Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Marin, A., Martin, J. P., Marzano, F., G. G. G., Mazumdar, K., Mcbride, P., Mcmahon, T., Mcnally, D., Mele, S., Merk, M., Merola, Leonardo, Meschini, M., Metzger, W. J., Mi, Y., Mihul, A., Mills, G. B., Mir, Y., Mirabelli, G., Mnich, J., Moller, M., Monaco, V., Monteleoni, B., Morand, R., Morganti, S., Moulai, N. 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Subjects
PHYSICS, E+E ANNIHILATION, LUND MONTE-CARLO, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, QUARK, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, 3-JET EVENTS, High Energy Physics::Experiment, FRAGMENTATION MODELS, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), QCD, GLUON JETS, PARTON
Abstract

We report on a detailed study of the energy and particle flow in the event plane of three-jet events q(q) over barg$ and radiative two-jet events in hadronic Z decays recorded with the L3 detector. We find a significant decrease in particle and energy density in the angular region between quark and antiquark jets for q(q) over barg$ events as compared with events. Several QCD model predictions are compared with the observed effect.

Published
1995

12. A Direct Determination of the Number of Light Neutrino Families from E+E--]Nu-Nu-Bar-Gamma at Lep

Author

Adeva, B, Adriani, O, Aguilarbenitez, M, Akbari, H, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alverson, G, Alviggi, Mg, Ambrosi, G, An, Q, Anderhub, H, Anderson, Al, Andreev, Vp, Angelov, T, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Arce, P, Arefiev, A, Atamanchuk, A, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Baba, Pvks, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L, Ball, Rc, Banerjee, S, Bao, J, Barillere, R, Barone, Luciano Maria, Battiston, R, Bay, A, Becattini, F, Becker, U, Behner, F, Behrens, J, Beingessner, S, Bencze, Gl, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Betev, Bl, Biasini, M, Biland, A, Bilei, Gm, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, Jj, Blomeke, P, Blumenfeld, B, Bobbink, Gj, Bocciolini, M, Bock, R, Bohm, A, Borgia, B, Bourilkov, D, Bourquin, M, Boutigny, D, Bouwens, B, Brambilla, E, Branson, Jg, Brock, Ic, Brooks, M, Bruyant, F, Buisson, C, Bujak, A, Burger, Jd, Burger, Wj, Burq, Jp, Busenitz, J, Cai, Xd, Capell, M, Caria, M, Carminati, F, Cartacci, Am, Cerrada, M, Cesaroni, F, Chang, Yh, Chaturvedi, Uk, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, Gm, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, J, Chen, M, Chen, Ml, Chen, Wy, Chiefari, G, Chien, Cy, Chmeissani, M, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coan, Te, Cohn, Ho, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Contin, A, Crijns, F, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R, Deasmundis, R, Degre, A, Deiters, K, Denes, E, Denes, P, Denotaristefani, F, Dhina, M, Dibitonto, D, Diemoz, M, Dimitrov, Hr, Dionisi, C, Dova, Mt, Drago, E, Driever, T, Duchesneau, D, Duinker, P, Duran, I, Elmamouni, H, Engler, A, Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Extermann, P, Fabbretti, R, Fabre, M, Falciano, S, Fan, Q, Fan, Sj, Fackler, O, Fay, J, Felcini, M, Ferguson, T, Fernandez, D, Fernandez, G, Ferroni, Fernando, Fesefeldt, H, Fiandrini, E, Field, J, Filthaut, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fisher, Ph, Forconi, G, Foreman, T, Freudenreich, K, Friebel, W, Fukushima, M, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Y, Gallo, E, Ganguli, Sn, Garciaabia, P, Gau, Ss, Gele, D, Gentile, Simonetta, Goldfarb, S, Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E, Gordeev, A, Gottlicher, P, Goujon, D, Gratta, G, Grinnell, C, Gruenewald, M, Guanziroli, M, Guo, Jk, Gurtu, A, Gustafson, Hr, Gutay, Lj, Hangarter, K, Hasan, A, Hauschildt, D, He, Cf, Hebbeker, T, Hebert, M, Herten, G, Herten, U, Herve, A, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hoorani, H, Hu, G, Hu, Gq, Ille, B, Ilyas, Mm, Innocente, V, Janssen, H, Jezequel, S, Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Kasser, A, Khan, Ra, Kamyshkov, Y, Kapinos, P, Kapustinsky, Js, Karyotakis, Y, Kaur, M, Khokhar, S, Kienzlefocacci, Mn, Kinnison, Ww, Kirkby, D, Kirsch, S, Kittel, W, Klimentov, A, Konig, Ac, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V, Koulbardis, A, Kraemer, Rw, Kramer, T, Krastev, Vr, Krenz, W, Krivshich, A, Krizmanic, J, Kumar, Ks, Kumar, V, Kunin, A, Landi, G, Lanius, K, Lanske, D, Lanzano, S, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, P, Lecoultre, P, Lee, Dm, Leedom, I, Legoff, Jm, Leistam, L, Leiste, R, Lenti, M, Leonardi, E, Lettry, J, Leytens, X, Li, C, Li, Ht, Li, Jf, Li, Pj, Li, Q, Li, Xg, Liao, Jy, Lin, Wt, Lin, Zy, Linde, Fl, Lindemann, B, Linnhofer, D, Liu, R, Liu, Y, Lohmann, W, Longo, E, Lu, Ys, Lubbers, Jm, Lubelsmeyer, K, Luci, Claudio, Luckey, D, Ludovici, L, Luminari, L, Ma, Wg, Macdermott, M, Malhotra, Pk, Malik, R, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Mao, Dn, Mao, Yf, Maolinbay, M, Marchesini, P, Martin, Jp, Martinezlaso, L, Marzano, F, Massaro, Ggg, Matsuda, T, Mazumdar, K, Mcbride, P, Mcmahon, T, Mcnally, D, Meinholz, T, Merk, M, Merola, L, Meschini, M, Metzger, Wj, Mi, Y, Mills, Gb, Mir, Y, Mirabelli, G, Mnich, J, Moller, M, Monteleoni, B, Morand, R, Morganti, S, Moulai, Ne, Mount, R, Muller, S, Nadtochy, A, Nagy, E, Napolitano, M, Newman, H, Neyer, C, Niaz, Ma, Niessen, L, Nowak, H, Organtini, Giovanni, Pandoulas, D, Pauluzzi, M, Pauss, F, Passaleva, G, Paoletti, S, Patricelli, S, Pei, Yj, Perretgallix, D, Perrier, J, Pevsner, A, Pieri, M, Piroue, Pa, Plasil, F, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Pojidaev, V, Produit, N, Qian, Jm, Qureshi, Kn, Raghavan, R, Rahalcallot, G, Raven, G, Razis, P, Read, K, Ren, D, Ren, Z, Rescigno, M, Reucroft, S, Ricker, A, Riemann, S, Rind, O, Rizvi, Ha, Roe, Bp, 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Subjects
SINGLE PHOTONS, SUPERSYMMETRIC PARTICLES, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, SEARCH, SCATTERING, High Energy Physics::Experiment, E+E COLLISIONS, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, ANNIHILATION, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

The L3 detector at LEP has been used to determine the number of light neutrino families by measuring the cross section of single photon even in e+e- collisions at energies near the Z0 resonance. We have observed 61 single photon candidates with more than 1.5 GeV of deposited energy in the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter, for a total integrated luminosity of 3.0 pb-1. From a likelihood fit to the single photon cross sections, we determine N(nu) = 3.24 +/- 0.46 (statistical) +/- 0.22 (systematic).

Published
1992

13. Electroweak parameters of the Z$^0$ resonance and the standard model

Author

DECAMP, D, Deschizeaux, B, Goy, C, Lees, JP, Minard, MN, Alemany, R, Crespo, JM, Delfino, M, Fernandez, E, Gaitan, V, Garrido, LI, Mir, LLM, Pacheco, A, Catanesi, MG, Creanza, D, de Palma, M, Farilla, A, Iaselli, G, Maggi, G, Maggi, M, Natali, S, Nuzzo, S, Quattromini, M, Ranieri, A, Raso, G, Romano, F, Ruggieri, F, Selvaggi, G, Silvestris, L, Tempesta, P, Zito, G, Gao, Y, Hu, H, Huang, D, Huang, X, Lin, J, Lou, J, Qiao, C, Ruan, T, Wang, T, Xie, Y, Xu, D, Xu, R, Zhang, J, Zhao, W, Atwood, WB, Bauerdick, LAT, Bird, F, Blucher, E, Bonvicini, G, Bossi, F, Boudreau, J, Brown, D, Burnett, TH, Drevermann, H, Forty, RW, Grab, C, Hagelberg, R, Haywood, S, Hilgart, J, Jost, B, Kasemann, M, Knobloch, J, Lacourt, A, Lancon, E, Lehraus, I, Lohse, T, Lusiani, A, Marchioro, A, Martinez, M, Mato, P, Menary, S, Minten, A, Miotto, A, Miquel, R, Moser, HG, Nash, J, Palazzi, P, Ranjard, F, Redlinger, G, Roth, A, Rothberg, J, Rotscheidt, H, Saich, M, St Denis, R, Schlatter, D, Takashima, M, Talby, M, Tejessy, W, Wachsmuth, H, Wasserbaech, S, Wheeler, S, Wiedenmann, W, Witzeling, W, Wotschack, J, Ajaltouni, Z, Bardadin-Otwinowska, M, El Fellous, R, Falvard, A, Gay, P, Harvey, J, Henrard, P, Jousset, J, Michel, B, Montret, JC, Pallin, D, Perret, P, Proriol, J, Prulhiere, F, Stimpfl, G, Hansen, JD, Hansen, JR, Hansen, PH, Mollerud, R, Nilsson, BS, Efthymiopoulos, I, Simopoulou, E, Vayaki, A, Badier, J, Blondel, A, Bonneaud, G, Bourotte, J, Braems, F, Brient, JC, Fouque, G, Gamess, A, Guirlet, R, Orteu, S, Rosowsky, A, Rouge, A, Rumpf, M, Tanaka, R, Videau, H, Candlin, DJ, Veitch, E, Parrini, G, Corden, M, Georgiopoulos, C, Ikeda, M, Lannutti, J, Levinthal, D, Mermikides, M, Sawyer, L, Antonelli, A, Baldini, R, Bencivenni, G, Bologna, G, Campana, P, Capon, G, Cerutti, F, Chiarella, V, D'Ettorre-Piazzoli, B, Felici, G, Laurelli, P, Mannocchi, G, Murtas, F, Murtas, GP, Nicoletti, G, Passalacqua, L, Pepe-Altarelli, M, Picchi, P, Zografou, P, Altoon, B, Boyle, O, Halley, AW, ten Have, I, 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P, Von der Schmitt, H, Schreiber, S, Schwarz, J, Scott, WG, Settles, M, Shen, BC, Sherwood, P, Shypit, R, Simon, A, Singh, P, Siroli, GP, Skuja, A, Smith, AM, Smith, TJ, Snow, GA, Sobie, RJ, Springer, RW, Sproston, M, Stephens, K, Stier, HE, Strom, D, Takeda, H, Takeshita, T, Taras, P, Tarem, S, Teixeira-Dias, P, Thackray, NJ, Tsukamoto, T, Turner, MF, Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, G, Van den plas, D, Van Kooten, R, VanDalen, GJ, Vasseur, G, Virtue, CJ, Wagner, A, Wahl, C, Walker, JP, Ward, CP, Ward, DR, Watkins, PM, Watson, AT, Watson, NK, Weber, M, Weisz, S, Wells, PS, Wermes, N, Weymann, M, Whalley, MA, Wilson, GW, Wilson, JA, Wingerter, I, Winterer, VH, Wood, NC, Wotten, SA, Wyatt, TR, Yaari, R, Yang, Y, Yekutieli, G, Zacharov, I, Zeuner, W, Zorn, GT, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ALEPH, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bourquin, Maurice, Burger, William, Duchesneau, Dominique Robert, Extermann, Pierre, Field, John, Forconi, Gilles Raymond, Goujon, Didier, Hoorani, Hafeez-Ur-Rehman, Kienzle, Maria-Novella, Perrier, Jacques, Produit, Nicolas, Wenninger, Joerg Horst, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Wish, media, Context (language use), Temporality, ddc:500.2, temporalities, 01 natural sciences, elderly, Epistemology, Temporalities, Appropriation, Expression (architecture), 0103 physical sciences, Selection (linguistics), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Media system dependency theory, 010306 general physics, uses, Particle Physics - Experiment, time
Abstract

Media temporalities of the elderly : evolutions in stability This article shows the context of analysis and the first results of a research on media temporalities of the elderly. Several works have finely analysed the diversity of the media practices and studied meanings of media uses. I wish to continue these analyses by insisting on the evolutionary and dynamic aspect of the practices and temporalities of users having expanded, enhanced, so called "interactive" radio and especially television programming. A priori, the elderly, upon retirement, have a "full-time free time". Their media practices seem strongly influenced by their first experiments ; the appropriation of the various peripheral accessories which gradually came with the media, to the latest digital ones, seems to reinforce their habits of watching television. Their representations and relations with times and media are very far away from the image of television like omnipresent media or "devourer of time". Rather, their media practices are to be understood like a temporality of the occupation, according to the expression of Gerard Derèze, characterized by interest and utility. A particular glance at the users who do not carry out a systematic selection of the programs, accepting the unforeseen, highlights an approach of media and time that allow "useful encounter" which I would qualify in a first stage by : "chance and encounter" and "random and the following". The few points presented here make me assume that the global relation of the autonomous elderly persons to the media can evolve when confronted to their new temporal framework and the new program offer, whereas their representations and use of the media remain quite stable.

Published
1992

14. THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE L3 EXPERIMENT

Author

Adeva, B, Aguilarbenitez, M, Akbari, H, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alvareztaviel, J, Alverson, G, Alviggi, Mg, Anderhub, H, Anderson, Al, Angelov, Am, Angelov, Th, Antchev, Gh, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Arefiev, A, Atanasov, Ih, Auroy, B, Ayad, R, Ayranov, Ol, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Bachmann, U, Bahler, P, Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L, Baldinger, H, Ball, Rc, Ballansat, J, Banerjee, S, Bao, J, Barbier, G, Barone, L, Basti, G, Bay, A, Beauvais, F, Becker, U, Beissel, R, Bendig, S, Bene, P, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Berthet, M, Bertsch, Y, Betev, Bl, Biland, A, Bischoff, A, Bischops, M, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, Jj, Blanc, M, Blomeke, P, Blumenfeld, B, Bobbink, Gj, Bocciolini, M, Boffin, Kd, Bohlen, W, Bohm, A, Bohringer, T, Bonnefon, H, Bopp, C, Borgia, B, Bosseler, K, Bottolier, Jf, Bourquin, M, Boutigny, D, Bowditch, P, Branson, Jg, Braun, D, Brock, Jc, Bruyant, F, Buchholz, M, Bucken, B, Bulgeroni, W, Burel, R, Burger, Jd, Burgos, C, Burq, Jp, Caiazzo, L, Caillat, M, Camberlin, B, Campana, D, Camps, C, Canale, V, Capell, M, Carbonara, F, Carminati, F, Cartacci, Am, Cerrada, M, Cesaroni, F, Chang, Yh, Chapman, Jw, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, M, Chen, Ml, Chendvankar, Sr, Chevenier, G, Chidzik, S, Chiefari, G, Chien, Cy, Chollet, F, Chumakov, M, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Commichau, V, Conforto, G, Cristofori, P, Crijns, F, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R, Daniel, M, Debouard, X, Debye, B, Decreuse, G, Degre, A, Deiters, K, Denes, E, Denes, P, Denotaristefani, F, Deutschmann, M, Dhina, M, Didierjean, B, Diemoz, M, Dietrich, M, Dimitrov, Ha, Dionisi, C, Dittus, F, Dohmen, M, Dolin, R, Donahue, Jf, Donat, A, Drago, E, Dreger, Kh, Driever, T, Dromby, G, Duinker, P, Duran, I, Elkacimi, M, Elmamouni, H, Engler, A, Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Erne, I, Esser, H, Extermann, P, Fabbretti, R, Faber, G, Falciano, S, Falk, T, Fan, Sj, Favre, M, Fay, J, Feher, S, Fehlmann, J, Feldmann, M, Fenker, H, Ferguson, T, Fernandez, M, Ferroni, Fernando, Fesefeldt, H, Field, J, Figarola, Jm, Figueroa, Cf, Filipov, Ga, Foligne, B, Forconi, G, Foreman, T, Franzke, V, Frei, W, Freudenreich, K, Friebel, W, Fukushima, M, Gaillard, G, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Y, Gallo, E, Ganguli, Sn, Garelick, D, Gau, Ss, Gavrilov, G, Gennari, E, Gentile, Simonetta, Gettner, M, Girard, C, Glaubman, M, Goldfarb, S, Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E, Gordeev, A, Gorodkov, Y, Gottlicher, P, Goy, C, Goyot, M, Gratta, G, Grimes, A, Grinnell, C, Gruenewald, M, Guanziroli, M, Guerra, S, Guillon, C, Gurtu, A, Gusewell, D, Gustafson, Hr, Haensli, M, Haan, M, Haller, C, Hamacher, T, Hammers, H, Hangarter, K, Hancke, S, Harris, M, Harting, D, Hartjes, Fg, He, Cf, Heavey, A, Hebbeker, T, Hebert, M, Heller, R, Helmrath, C, Herrmann, J, Herten, G, Herten, U, Herve, A, Hesser, H, Hilgers, G, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hofer, M, Hofer, T, Hoffmann, F, Horisberger, U, Horvath, I, Hsu, Ls, Hu, Gq, Ille, B, Ilyas, Mm, Improta, G, Innocente, V, Isiksal, E, Jagel, E, Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Jongmanns, M, Jung, H, Kaaret, P, Kaelin, O, Kaestli, W, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaplan, D, Karpinski, W, Karyotakis, Y, Kertzer, W, Khoze, V, Kirchhoff, G, Kittel, W, Klimentov, A, Klok, Pf, Kollek, M, Koller, M, Konig, Ac, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V, Kraemer, Rw, Krastev, Vr, Kratel, A, Krenz, W, Kuhn, A, Kunin, A, Kwan, S, Lacotte, J, Lamarra, M, Landi, G, Lange, W, Lanius, K, Lanske, D, Lanzano, S, Legoff, Jm, Lemarec, Jc, Lea, D, Lebeau, M, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, J, Lecoq, P, Lecoultre, P, Leedom, I, Leger, A, Lehmann, F, Leistam, L, Leiste, R, Lejeune, E, Leoni, B, Lettry, J, Leytens, X, Li, C, Li, Ht, Li, L, Li, Pj, Li, Xg, Liao, Jy, Lin, Zy, Linde, Fl, Linnhofer, D, Loftin, E, Lohmann, W, Lokos, S, Longo, E, Lu, Ys, Lubbers, Jm, Lubelsmeyer, K, Luci, Claudio, Luckey, D, Lue, X, Luminari, L, Lunadei, G, Lurken, F, Ma, H, Ma, Wg, Macdermott, M, Madjar, N, Magahiz, R, Maire, M, Malhotra, Pk, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Manna, F, Manto, G, Mao, Yf, Maolinbay, M, Marchesini, P, Marchionni, A, Markwalder, M, Marsden, P, Martin, Jp, Martinez, L, Martyn, Hu, Marzano, F, Marzullo, V, Masciocchi, F, Massaro, Ggg, Massonnet, L, Matsuda, T, Maurelli, G, Mazumdar, K, Mcbride, P, Medici, G, Meier, H, Meinholz, T, Merk, M, Mermod, R, Merola, L, Meschini, M, Metzger, Wj, Micke, M, Micke, U, Mills, Gb, Mnich, J, Moeller, M, Molinero, A, Montanet, L, Monteleoni, B, Montino, R, Morand, G, Morand, R, Morganti, S, Morgunov, V, Mount, R, Moynot, M, Mugnier, P, Nageli, W, Nagy, E, Napolitano, M, Neboux, S, Newman, H, Neyer, C, Nguyen, K, Niessen, L, Nikitin, A, Nowak, Wd, Okle, M, Olmos, P, Onvlee, J, Osborne, D, Ossmann, J, Pandoulas, D, Paprotny, H, Parmentola, A, Passeggio, G, Paternoster, G, Patricelli, S, Pei, Yj, Peng, Y, Perretgallix, D, Perrier, J, Perrin, E, Perrot, G, Petitpas, P, Petschner, P, Pevsner, A, Pieramory, J, Pieri, M, Pieri, V, Pierschel, G, Piroue, Pa, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Pojidaev, V, Pols, Cla, Ponomareff, T, Potyka, J, Produit, N, Prokofiev, P, Pruja, F, Putz, G, Qian, Jm, Raghavan, R, Razis, P, Read, K, Reddick, P, Reissmann, K, Ren, D, Reucroft, S, Rey, D, Reynaud, M, Ricadonna, X, Richeux, Jp, Rippich, C, Rinsche, U, Rocco, R, Rodriguez, S, Roe, Bp, Rohner, M, Rohner, S, Rombach, T, Romero, L, Rose, J, Roser, U, Rosierlees, S, Rubio, Ja, Ruckstuhl, W, Rykaczewski, H, Sahuc, P, Salicio, J, Saran, S, Sauvage, G, Savin, A, Schaad, T, Schafheitle, B, Schegelsky, V, Schetkovsky, A, Schild, F, Schillsott, R, Schmitt, P, Schmitz, D, Schmitz, P, Schneegans, M, Schneider, M, Schneevogt, E, Schontag, M, Schotanus, Dj, Schuijlenburg, H, Schulte, R, Vondratzig, As, Schultze, K, Schwenke, J, Schwering, G, Sciacca, C, Seiler, Pg, Sens, Jc, Sheer, I, Shevchenko, V, Shevchenko, S, Shi, Xr, Shmakov, K, Shoutko, V, Shumilov, E, Siedling, R, Smirnov, N, Souvorov, V, Souyri, C, Spangler, I, Spickermann, T, Spiess, B, Spillantini, P, Starosta, R, Steuer, M, Stickland, Dp, Stohr, B, Stone, H, Strauch, K, Sudhakar, K, Sumner, Rl, Suter, H, Sutton, Rb, Szczesny, H, Tang, J, Tang, Xw, Tarkovsky, E, Tavenrath, A, Tchudakov, V, Thenard, Jm, Thomas, E, Thon, T, Thuerig, H, Thulen, M, Timmermans, C, Ting, Scc, Ting, Sm, Tonisch, F, Tong, Yp, Tonutti, M, Tonwar, Sc, Toth, J, Toth, W, Trowitzsch, G, Tung, Kl, Ulbricht, J, Urban, L, Valente, E, Vandewalle, Rt, Vandergraaf, H, Vanzanella, V, Vergain, M, Vetlitsky, I, Vey, H, Viertel, G, Vivargent, M, Vogel, H, Volkov, S, Vollmar, M, Vongunten, Hp, Vorobiev, I, Vorobyov, A, Vuilleumier, L, Waldmeier, S, Walk, W, Wallraff, W, Wang, Cy, Wang, Gh, Wang, Jh, Wang, Qf, Wang, Xl, Wang, Yf, Wang, Zm, Wassenberg, D, Wegmann, D, Weill, R, Wenaus, Tj, Wenger, P, Wenninger, J, White, M, Wilhelm, R, Willmott, C, Wirth, Hp, Wittgenstein, F, Wu, Rj, Wu, Sx, Wu, Yg, Wyslouch, B, Xi, Fy, Xu, Zz, Xue, Zl, Yan, Ds, Yanev, Kd, Yang, Bz, Yang, Cg, Yang, Ks, Yang, Qy, Yang, Zq, Ye, Ch, Yeh, Sc, Yin, Zw, Zabounidis, C, Zehnder, L, Zeng, Y, Zhang, Dh, Zhang, Sy, Zhang, Zp, Zhou, B, Zhou, Jf, Zhou, Zp, Zhu, Ry, Zichichi, A, Zofka, M, and Zoll, J.

Published
1990

15. MEASUREMENT OF GAMMA-B(B)OVER-BAR/GAMMA(HAD) FROM HADRONIC DECAYS OF THE Z

Author

Adriani, O, Aguilarbenitez, M, Ahlen, S, Alcaraz, J, Aloisio, A, Alverson, G, Alviggi, Mg, Ambrosi, G, An, Q, Anderhub, H, Anderson, Al, Andreev, Vp, Antonov, L, Antreasyan, D, Arce, P, Arefiev, A, Atamanchuk, A, Azemoon, T, Aziz, T, Baba, Pvks, Bachmann, S, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L, Ball, Rc, Banerjee, S, Bao, J, Barillere, R, Barone, Luciano Maria, Baschirotto, A, Battiston, R, Bay, A, Becattini, F, Becker, U, Behner, F, Behrens, J, Bencze, Gl, Berdugo, J, Berges, P, Bertucci, B, Betev, Bl, Biasini, M, Biland, A, Bilei, Gm, Bizzarri, R, Blaising, Jj, Bobbink, Gj, Bock, R, Bohm, A, Borgia, B, Bosetti, M, Bourilkov, D, Bourquin, M, Boutigny, D, Bouwens, B, Brambilla, E, Branson, Jg, Brock, Ic, Brooks, M, Bujak, A, Burger, Jd, Burger, Wj, Busenitz, J, Buytenhuijs, A, Cai, Xd, Capell, M, Caria, M, Carlino, G, Cartacci, Am, Castello, R, Cerrada, M, Cesaroni, F, Chang, Yh, Chaturvedi, Uk, Chemarin, M, Chen, A, Chen, C, Chen, Gm, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, M, Chen, Wy, Chiefari, G, Chien, Cy, Choi, Mt, Chung, S, Civinini, C, Clare, I, Clare, R, Coan, Te, Cohn, Ho, Coignet, G, Colino, N, Contin, A, Cui, Xt, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R, Deasmundis, R, Degre, A, Deiters, K, Denes, E, Denes, P, Denotaristefani, F, Dhina, M, Dibitonto, D, Diemoz, M, Dimitrov, Hr, Dionisi, C, Djambazov, L, Dova, Mt, Drago, E, Duchesneau, D, Duinker, P, Duran, I, Easo, S, Elmamouni, He, Engler, A, Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Extermann, P, Fabbretti, R, Fabre, M, Falciano, S, Fan, Sj, Fackler, O, Fay, J, Felcini, M, Ferguson, T, Fernandez, D, Fernandez, G, Ferroni, Fernando, Fesefeldt, H, Fiandrini, E, Field, J, Filthaut, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fisher, Ph, Forconi, G, Foreman, T, Freudenreich, K, Friebel, W, Fukushima, M, Gailloud, M, Galaktionov, Y, Gallo, E, Ganguli, Sn, Garciaabia, P, Gele, D, Gentile, Simonetta, Goldfarb, S, Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E, Gougas, A, Goujon, D, Gratta, G, Gruenewald, M, Gu, C, Guanziroli, M, Guo, Jk, Gupta, Vk, Gurtu, A, Gustafson, Hr, Gutay, Lj, Hangarter, K, Hasan, A, Hauschildt, D, He, Cf, He, Jt, Hebbeker, T, Hebert, M, Herten, G, Herve, A, Hilgers, K, Hofer, H, Hoorani, H, Hu, G, Hu, Gq, Ille, B, Ilyas, Mm, Innocente, V, Janssen, H, Jezequel, S, Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Kasser, A, Khan, Ra, Kamyshkov, Y, Kapinos, P, Kapustinsky, Js, Karyotakis, Y, Kaur, M, Khokhar, S, Kienzlefocacci, Mn, Kim, Jk, Kim, Sc, Kim, Yg, Kinnison, Ww, Kirkby, A, Kirkby, D, Kirsch, S, Kittel, W, Klimentov, A, Konig, Ac, Koffeman, E, Kornadt, O, Koutsenko, V, Koulbardis, A, Kraemer, Rw, Kramer, T, Krastev, Vr, Krenz, W, Krivshich, A, Kuijten, H, Kumar, Ks, Kunin, A, Landi, G, Lanske, D, Lanzano, S, Lebrun, P, Lecomte, P, Lecoq, P, Lecoultre, P, Lee, Dm, Leedom, I, Leggett, C, Legoff, Jm, Leiste, R, Lenti, M, Leonardi, E, Leytens, X, Li, C, Li, Ht, Li, Pj, Liao, Jy, Lin, Wt, Lin, Zy, Linde, Fl, Lindemann, B, Lista, L, Liu, Y, Lohmann, W, Longo, E, Lu, Ys, Lubbers, Jm, Lubelsmeyer, K, Luci, Claudio, Luckey, D, Ludovici, L, Luminari, L, Lustermann, W, Ma, Jm, Ma, Wg, Macdermott, M, Malhotra, Pk, Malik, R, Malinin, A, Mana, C, Maolinbay, M, Marchesini, P, Marion, F, Marin, A, Martin, Jp, Martinezlaso, L, Marzano, F, Massaro, Ggg, Mazumdar, K, Mcbride, P, Mcmahon, T, Mcnally, D, Merk, M, Merola, L, Meschini, M, Metzger, Wj, Mi, Y, Mills, Gb, Mir, Y, Mirabelli, G, Mnich, J, Moller, M, Monteleoni, B, Morand, R, Morganti, S, Moulai, Ne, Mount, R, Muller, S, Nadtochy, A, Nagy, E, Napolitano, M, Nessitedaldi, F, Newman, H, Neyer, C, Niaz, Ma, Nippe, A, Nowak, H, Organtini, Giovanni, Pandoulas, D, Paoletti, S, Paolucci, P, Pascala, G, Passaleva, G, Patricelli, S, Paul, T, Pauluzzi, M, Paus, C, Pauss, F, Pei, Yj, Pensotti, S, Perretgallix, D, Perrier, J, Pevsner, A, Piccolo, D, Pieri, M, Piroue, Pa, Plasil, F, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Pojidaev, V, Postema, H, Qi, Zd, Qian, Jm, Qureshi, Kn, Raghavan, R, Rahalcallot, G, Rancoita, Pg, Rattaggi, M, Raven, G, Razis, P, Read, K, Ren, D, Ren, Z, Rescigno, M, Reucroft, S, Ricker, A, Riemann, S, Riemers, Bc, Riles, K, Rind, O, Rizvi, Ha, Rodriguez, Fj, Roe, Bp, Rohner, M, Rohner, S, Romero, L, Rose, J, Rosierlees, S, Rosmalen, R, Rosselet, P, Vanrossum, W, Roth, S, Rubbia, A, Rubio, Ja, Rykaczewski, H, Sachwitz, M, Salicio, J, Salicio, Jm, Sanders, Gs, Santocchia, A, Sarakinos, Ms, Sartorelli, G, Sassowsky, M, Sauvage, G, Schafer, C, Schegelsky, V, Schmitz, D, Schmitz, P, Schneegans, M, Schopper, H, Schotanus, Dj, Shotkin, S, Schreiber, Hj, Shukla, J, Schulte, R, Schulte, S, Schultze, K, Schwenke, J, Schwering, G, Sciacca, C, Scott, I, Sehgal, R, Seiler, Pg, Sens, Jc, Servoli, L, Sheer, I, Shen, Dz, Shevchenko, S, Shi, Xr, Shumilov, E, Shoutko, V, Son, D, Sopczak, A, Spartiotis, C, Spickermann, T, Spillantini, P, Starosta, R, Steuer, M, Stickland, Dp, Sticozzi, F, Stone, H, Strauch, K, Stringfellow, Bc, Sudhakar, K, Sultanov, G, Sun, Lz, Suter, H, Swain, Jd, Syed, Aa, Tang, Xw, Taylor, L, Terzi, G, Ting, Scc, Ting, Sm, Tonutti, M, Tonwar, Sc, Toth, J, Tsaregorodtsev, A, Tsipolitis, G, Tully, C, Tung, Kl, Ulbricht, J, Urban, L, Uwer, U, Valente, E, Vandewalle, Rt, Vetlitsky, I, Viertel, G, Vikas, P, Vikas, U, Vivargent, M, Vogel, H, Vogt, H, Vorobiev, I, Vorobyov, Aa, Vuilleumier, L, Wadhwa, M, Wallraff, W, Wang, C, Wang, Cr, Wang, Gh, Wang, Xl, Wang, Yf, Wang, Zm, Weber, A, Weber, J, Weill, R, Wenaus, Tj, Wenninger, J, White, M, Willmott, C, Wittgenstein, F, Wright, D, Wu, Sx, Wynhoff, S, Wyslouch, B, Xie, Yy, Xu, Jg, Xu, Zz, Xue, Zl, Yan, Ds, Yang, Bz, Yang, Cg, Yang, G, Ye, Ch, Ye, Jb, Ye, Q, Yeh, Sc, Yin, Zw, You, Jm, Yunus, N, Yzerman, M, Zaccardelli, C, Zemp, P, Zeng, M, Zeng, Y, Zhang, Dh, Zhang, Zp, Zhou, B, Zhou, Gj, Zhou, Jf, Zhu, Ry, Zichichi, A, Vanderzwaan, Bcc, Adriani, O., Aguilarbenitez, M., Ahlen, S., Alcaraz, J., Aloisio, Alberto, Alverson, G., Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Anderhub, H., Anderson, A. L., Andreev, V. P., Antonov, L., Antreasyan, D., Arce, P., Arefiev, A., Atamanchuk, A., Azemoon, T., Aziz, T., P. V. K., Bachmann, S., Bagnaia, P., Bakken, J. A., Baksay, L., Ball, R. C., Banerjee, S., Bao, J., Barillere, R., Barone, L., Baschirotto, A., Battiston, R., Bay, A., Becattini, F., Becker, U., Behner, F., Behrens, J., Bencze, G. L., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Betev, B. L., Biasini, M., Biland, A., Bilei, G. M., Bizzarri, R., Blaising, J. J., Bobbink, G. J., Bock, R., Bohm, A., Borgia, B., Bosetti, M., Bourilkov, D., Bourquin, M., Boutigny, D., Bouwens, B., Brambilla, E., Branson, J. G., Brock, I. C., Brooks, M., Bujak, A., Burger, J. D., Burger, W. J., Busenitz, J., Buytenhuijs, A., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Caria, M., Carlino, G., Cartacci, A. M., Castello, R., Cerrada, M., Cesaroni, F., Chang, Y. H., Chaturvedi, U. K., Chemarin, M., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Chen, W. Y., Chiefari, Giovanni, Chien, C. Y., Choi, M. T., Chung, S., Civinini, C., Clare, I., Clare, R., Coan, T. E., Cohn, H. O., Coignet, G., Colino, N., Contin, A., Cui, X. T., Cui, X. Y., Dai, T. S., Dalessandro, R., Deasmundis, R., Degre, A., Deiters, K., Denes, E., Denes, P., Denotaristefani, F., Dhina, M., Dibitonto, D., Diemoz, M., Dimitrov, H. R., Dionisi, C., Djambazov, L., Dova, M. T., Drago, E., Duchesneau, D., Duinker, P., Duran, I., Easo, S., Elmamouni, H. E., Engler, A., Eppling, F. J., Erne, F. C., Extermann, P., Fabbretti, R., Fabre, M., Falciano, S., Fan, S. J., Fackler, O., Fay, J., Felcini, M., Ferguson, T., Fernandez, D., Fernandez, G., Ferroni, F., Fesefeldt, H., Fiandrini, E., Field, J., Filthaut, F., Finocchiaro, G., Fisher, P. H., Forconi, G., Foreman, T., Freudenreich, K., Friebel, W., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, M., Galaktionov, Y., Gallo, E., Ganguli, S. N., Garciaabia, P., Gele, D., Gentile, S., Goldfarb, S., Gong, Z. F., Gonzalez, E., Gougas, A., Goujon, D., Gratta, G., Gruenewald, M., Gu, C., Guanziroli, M., Guo, J. K., Gupta, V. K., Gurtu, A., Gustafson, H. R., Gutay, L. J., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hauschildt, D., C. F., He, J. T., He, Hebbeker, T., Hebert, M., Herten, G., Herve, A., Hilgers, K., Hofer, H., Hoorani, H., Hu, G., G. Q., Hu, Ille, B., Ilyas, M. M., Innocente, V., Janssen, H., Jezequel, S., Jin, B. N., Jones, L. W., Kasser, A., Khan, R. A., Kamyshkov, Y., Kapinos, P., Kapustinsky, J. S., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, M., Khokhar, S., Kienzlefocacci, M. N., Kim, J. K., Kim, S. C., Kim, Y. G., Kinnison, W. W., Kirkby, A., Kirkby, D., Kirsch, S., Kittel, W., Klimentov, A., Konig, A. C., Koffeman, E., Kornadt, O., Koutsenko, V., Koulbardis, A., Kraemer, R. W., Kramer, T., Krastev, V. R., Krenz, W., Krivshich, A., Kuijten, H., Kumar, K. S., Kunin, A., Landi, G., Lanske, D., Lanzano, S., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, P., Lee, D. M., Leedom, I., Leggett, C., Legoff, J. M., Leiste, R., Lenti, M., Leonardi, E., Leytens, X., Li, C., H. T., Li, P. J., Li, Liao, J. Y., Lin, W. T., Lin, Z. Y., Linde, F. L., Lindemann, B., Lista, L., Liu, Y., Lohmann, W., Longo, E., Y. S., Lu, Lubbers, J. M., Lubelsmeyer, K., Luci, C., Luckey, D., Ludovici, L., Luminari, L., Lustermann, W., J. M., Ma, W. G., Ma, Macdermott, M., Malhotra, P. K., Malik, R., Malinin, A., Mana, C., Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Marion, F., Marin, A., Martin, J. P., Martinezlaso, L., Marzano, F., G. G. G., Mazumdar, K., Mcbride, P., Mcmahon, T., Mcnally, D., Merk, M., Merola, Leonardo, Meschini, M., Metzger, W. J., Mi, Y., Mills, G. B., Mir, Y., Mirabelli, G., Mnich, J., Moller, M., Monteleoni, B., Morand, R., Morganti, S., Moulai, N. E., Mount, R., Muller, S., Nadtochy, A., Nagy, E., Napolitano, Marco, Nessitedaldi, F., Newman, H., Neyer, C., Niaz, M. A., Nippe, A., Nowak, H., Organtini, G., Pandoulas, D., Paoletti, S., Paolucci, P., Pascala, G., Passaleva, G., Patricelli, Sergio, Paul, T., Pauluzzi, M., Paus, C., Pauss, F., Pei, Y. J., Pensotti, S., Perretgallix, D., Perrier, J., Pevsner, A., Piccolo, D., Pieri, M., Piroue, P. A., Plasil, F., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Pojidaev, V., Postema, H., Z. D., Qi, Qian, J. M., Qureshi, K. N., Raghavan, R., Rahalcallot, G., Rancoita, P. G., Rattaggi, M., Raven, G., Razis, P., Read, K., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Rescigno, M., Reucroft, S., Ricker, A., Riemann, S., Riemers, B. C., Riles, K., Rind, O., Rizvi, H. A., Rodriguez, F. J., Roe, B. P., Rohner, M., Rohner, S., Romero, L., Rose, J., Rosierlees, S., Rosmalen, R., Rosselet, P., Vanrossum, W., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Rubio, J. A., Rykaczewski, H., Sachwitz, M., Salicio, J., Salicio, J. M., Sanders, G. S., Santocchia, A., Sarakinos, M. S., Sartorelli, G., Sassowsky, M., Sauvage, G., Schafer, C., Schegelsky, V., Schmitz, D., Schmitz, P., Schneegans, M., Schopper, H., Schotanus, D. J., Shotkin, S., Schreiber, H. J., Shukla, J., Schulte, R., Schulte, S., Schultze, K., Schwenke, J., Schwering, G., Sciacca, Crisostomo, Scott, I., Sehgal, R., Seiler, P. G., Sens, J. C., Servoli, L., Sheer, I., Shen, D. Z., Shevchenko, S., Shi, X. R., Shumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Son, D., Sopczak, A., Spartiotis, C., Spickermann, T., Spillantini, P., Starosta, R., Steuer, M., Stickland, D. P., Sticozzi, F., Stone, H., Strauch, K., Stringfellow, B. C., Sudhakar, K., Sultanov, G., Sun, L. Z., Suter, H., Swain, J. D., Syed, A. A., Tang, X. W., Taylor, L., Terzi, G., S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Tonutti, M., Tonwar, S. C., Toth, J., Tsaregorodtsev, A., Tsipolitis, G., Tully, C., Tung, K. L., Ulbricht, J., Urban, L., Uwer, U., Valente, E., Vandewalle, R. T., Vetlitsky, I., Viertel, G., Vikas, P., Vikas, U., Vivargent, M., Vogel, H., Vogt, H., Vorobiev, I., Vorobyov, A. A., Vuilleumier, L., Wadhwa, M., Wallraff, W., Wang, C., Wang, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Weber, A., Weber, J., Weill, R., Wenaus, T. J., Wenninger, J., White, M., Willmott, C., Wittgenstein, F., Wright, D., S. X., Wu, Wynhoff, S., Wyslouch, B., Xie, Y. Y., J. G., Xu, Z. Z., Xu, Xue, Z. L., Yan, D. S., Yang, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., C. H., Ye, J. B., Ye, Ye, Q., Yeh, S. C., Yin, Z. W., You, J. M., Yunus, N., Yzerman, M., Zaccardelli, C., Zemp, P., Zeng, M., Zeng, Y., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, Z. P., Zhou, B., Zhou, G. J., Zhou, J. F., Zhu, R. Y., Zichichi, A., and B. C. C.

Subjects
PHYSICS, Z-RESONANCE, JETS, TOP, NEURAL NETWORKS, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

We report a measurement of R(b) = GAMMA(bbBAR)GAMMA(had) from Z --> qqBAR events at LEP. Z --> bbBAR events are identified using a multidimensional analysis based on a neural network approach. We obtain 60% sample purity with an efficiency of 35%. Our measured value of R(b) is 0.222 +/- 0.003 +/- 0.007.

16. ISOLATED HARD PHOTON-EMISSION IN HADRONIC Z0 DECAYS

Author

Adriani, O., Aguilarbenitez, M., Ahlen, S., Akbari, H., Alcaraz, J., Aloisio, A., Alverson, G., Alviggi, Mg, Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Anderhub, H., Anderson, Al, Andreev, Vp, Angelov, T., Antonov, L., Antreasyan, D., Arce, P., Arefiev, A., Atamanchuk, A., Azemoon, T., Aziz, T., Baba, Pvks, Bagnaia, P., Bakken, Ja, Baksay, L., Ball, Rc, Banerjee, S., Bao, J., Barillere, R., Barone, L., Battiston, R., Bay, A., Becattini, F., Becker, U., Behner, F., Behrens, J., Beingessner, S., Bencze, Gl, Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Betev, Bl, Biasini, M., Biland, A., Bilei, Gm, Bizzarri, R., Blaising, Jj, Blumenfeld, B., Bobbink, Gj, Bocciolini, M., Bock, R., Bohm, A., Borgia, B., Bourilkov, D., Bourquin, M., Boutigny, D., Bouwens, B., Brambilla, E., Branson, Jg, Brock, Ic, Brooks, M., Buisson, C., Bujak, A., Burger, Jd, Burger, Wj, Burq, Jp, Busenitz, J., Cai, Xd, Capell, M., Caria, M., Carlino, G., Carminati, F., Cartacci, Am, Cerrada, M., Cesaroni, F., Chang, Yh, Chaturvedi, Uk, Chemarin, M., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, Gm, Chen, Hf, Chen, Hs, Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, Ml, Chen, Wy, Chiefari, G., Chien, Cy, Chmeissani, M., Chung, S., Civinini, C., Clare, I., Clare, R., Coan, Te, Cohn, Ho, Coignet, G., Colino, N., Contin, A., Crijns, F., Cui, Xt, Cui, Xy, Dai, Ts, Dalessandro, R., Deasmundis, R., Degre, A., Deiters, K., Denes, E., Denes, P., Denotaristefani, F., Dhina, M., Dibitonto, D., Diemoz, M., Dimitrov, Hr, Dionisi, C., Dova, Mt, Drago, E., Driever, T., Duchesneau, D., Duinker, P., Duran, I., Elmamouni, H., Engler, A., Eppling, Fj, Erne, Fc, Extermann, P., Fabbretti, R., Fabre, M., Falciano, S., Fan, Sj, Fackler, O., Fay, J., Felcini, M., Ferguson, T., Fernandez, D., Fernandez, G., Ferroni, F., Fesefeldt, H., Fiandrini, E., Field, J., Filthaut, F., Finocchiaro, G., Fisher, Ph, Forconi, G., Foreman, T., Freudenreich, K., Friebel, W., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, M., Galaktionov, Y., Gallo, E., Ganguli, Sn, Garciaabia, P., Gau, Ss, Gele, D., Gentile, S., Goldfarb, S., Gong, Zf, Gonzalez, E., Gottlicher, P., Gougas, A., Goujon, D., Gratta, G., Grinnell, C., Gruenewald, M., Gu, C., Guanziroli, M., Guo, Jk, Gupta, Vk, Gurtu, A., Gustafson, Hr, Gutay, Lj, Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hauschildt, D., He, Cf, Hebbeker, T., Hebert, M., Herten, G., Herten, U., Herve, A., Hilgers, K., Hofer, H., Hoorani, H., Hu, G., Hu, Gq, Ille, B., Ilyas, Mm, Innocente, V., Janssen, H., Jezequel, S., Jin, Bn, Jones, Lw, Kasser, A., Khan, Ra, Kamyshkov, Y., Kapinos, P., Kapustinsky, Js, Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, M., Khokhar, S., Kienzlefocacci, Mn, Kinnison, Ww, Kirkby, D., Kirsch, S., Kittel, W., Klimentov, A., Konig, Ac, Koffeman, E., Kornadt, O., Koutsenko, V., Koulbardis, A., Kraemer, Rw, Kramer, T., Krastev, Vr, Krenz, W., Krivshich, A., Kuijten, H., Kumar, Ks, Kunin, A., Landi, G., Lanske, D., Lanzano, S., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, P., Lee, Dm, Leedom, I., Legoff, Jm, Leiste, R., Lenti, M., Leonardi, E., Lettry, J., Leytens, X., Li, C., Li, Ht, Li, Pj, Li, Xg, Liao, Jy, Lin, Wt, Lin, Zy, Linde, Fl, Lindemann, B., Linnhofer, D., Lista, L., Liu, Y., Lohmann, W., Longo, E., Lu, Ys, Lubbers, Jm, Lubelsmeyer, K., Luci, C., Luckey, D., Ludovici, L., Luminari, L., Lustermann, W., Ma, Jm, Ma, Wg, Macdermott, M., Malhotra, Pk, Malik, R., Malinin, A., Mana, C., Mao, Dn, Mao, Yf, Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Marion, F., Marin, A., Martin, Jp, Martinezlaso, L., Marzano, F., Massaro, Ggg, Matsuda, T., Mazumdar, K., Mcbride, P., Mcmahon, T., Mcnally, D., Meinholz, T., Merk, M., Merola, L., Meschini, M., Metzger, Wj, Mi, Y., Mills, Gb, Mir, Y., Mirabelli, G., Mnich, J., Moller, M., Monteleoni, B., Morand, R., Morganti, S., Moulai, Ne, Mount, R., Muller, S., Nadtochy, A., Nagy, E., Napolitano, M., Newman, H., Neyer, C., Niaz, Ma, Nippe, A., Nowak, H., Organtini, G., Pandoulas, D., Paoletti, S., Paolucci, P., Passaleva, G., Patricelli, S., Paul, T., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Pei, Yj, Perretgallix, D., Perrier, J., Pevsner, A., Piccolo, D., Pieri, M., Piroue, Pa, Plasil, F., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Pojidaev, V., Produit, N., Qian, Jm, Qureshi, Kn, Raghavan, R., Rahalcallot, G., Raven, G., Razis, P., Read, K., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Rescigno, M., Reucroft, S., Ricker, A., Riemann, S., Rind, O., Rizvi, Ha, Rodriguez, Fj, Roe, Bp, Rohner, M., Rohner, S., Romero, L., Rose, J., Rosierlees, S., Rosmalen, R., Rosselet, P., Rubbia, A., Rubio, Ja, Rykaczewski, H., Sachwitz, M., Sajan, E., Salicio, J., Salicio, Jm, Sanders, Gs, Santocchia, A., Sarakinos, Ms, Sartorelli, G., Sassowsky, M., Sauvage, G., Schegelsky, V., Schmiemann, K., Schmitz, D., Schmitz, P., Schneegans, M., Schopper, H., Schotanus, Dj, Shotkin, S., Schreiber, Hj, Shukla, J., Schulte, R., Schulte, S., Schultze, K., Schutte, J., Schwenke, J., Schwering, G., Sciacca, C., Scott, I., Sehgal, R., Seiler, Pg, Sens, Jc, Servoli, L., Sheer, I., Shen, Dz, Shevchenko, S., Shi, Xr, Shumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Soderstrom, E., Sopczak, A., Spartiotis, C., Spickermann, T., Spillantini, P., Starosta, R., Steuer, M., Stickland, Dp, Sticozzi, F., Stone, H., Strauch, K., Stringfellow, Bc, Sudhakar, K., Sultanov, G., Sumner, Rl, Sun, Lz, Suter, H., Sutton, Rb, Swain, Jd, Syed, Aa, Tang, Xw, Taylor, L., Timmermans, C., Ting, Scc, Ting, Sm, Tonutti, M., Tonwar, Sc, Toth, J., Tsaregorodtsev, A., Tsipolitis, G., Tully, C., Tung, Kl, Ulbricht, J., Urban, L., Uwer, U., Valente, E., Vandewalle, Rt, Vetlitsky, I., Viertel, G., Vikas, P., Vikas, U., Vivargent, M., Vogel, H., Vogt, H., Vorobiev, I., Vorobyov, Aa, Vuilleumier, L., Wadhwa, M., Wallraff, W., Wang, Cr, Wang, Gh, Wang, Jh, Wang, Qf, Wang, Xl, Wang, Yf, Wang, Zm, Weber, A., Weber, J., Weill, R., Wenaus, Tj, Wenninger, J., White, M., Willmott, C., Wittgenstein, F., Wright, D., Wu, Rj, Wu, Sx, Wu, Yg, Wyslouch, B., Xie, Yy, Xu, Yd, Xu, Zz, Xue, Zl, Yan, Ds, Yan, Xj, Yang, Bz, Yang, Cg, Yang, G., Yang, Ks, Yang, Qy, Yang, Zq, Ye, Ch, Ye, Jb, Ye, Q., Yeh, Sc, Yin, Zw, You, Jm, Yunus, N., Yzerman, M., Zaccardelli, C., Zemp, P., Zeng, M., Zeng, Y., Zhang, Dh, Zhang, Zp, Zhou, B., Zhou, Jf, Zhu, Ry, Zhuang, Hl, Zichichi, A., Vanderzwaan, Bcc, Adriani, O., Aguilarbenitez, M., Ahlen, S., Akbari, H., Alcaraz, J., Aloisio, Alberto, Alverson, G., Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Anderhub, H., Anderson, A. L., Andreev, V. P., Angelov, T., Antonov, L., Antreasyan, D., Arce, P., Arefiev, A., Atamanchuk, A., Azemoon, T., Aziz, T., P. V. K., Bagnaia, P., Bakken, J. A., Baksay, L., Ball, R. C., Banerjee, S., Bao, J., Barillere, R., Barone, L., Battiston, R., Bay, A., Becattini, F., Becker, U., Behner, F., Behrens, J., Beingessner, S., Bencze, G. L., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Betev, B. L., Biasini, M., Biland, A., Bilei, G. M., Bizzarri, R., Blaising, J. J., Blumenfeld, B., Bobbink, G. J., Bocciolini, M., Bock, R., Bohm, A., Borgia, B., Bourilkov, D., Bourquin, M., Boutigny, D., Bouwens, B., Brambilla, E., Branson, J. G., Brock, I. C., Brooks, M., Buisson, C., Bujak, A., Burger, J. D., Burger, W. J., Burq, J. P., Busenitz, J., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Caria, M., Carlino, G., Carminati, F., Cartacci, A. M., Cerrada, M., Cesaroni, F., Chang, Y. H., Chaturvedi, U. K., Chemarin, M., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. F., Chen, H. S., Chen, J., Chen, M., Chen, M. L., Chen, W. Y., Chiefari, Giovanni, Chien, C. Y., Chmeissani, M., Chung, S., Civinini, C., Clare, I., Clare, R., Coan, T. E., Cohn, H. O., Coignet, G., Colino, N., Contin, A., Crijns, F., Cui, X. T., Cui, X. Y., Dai, T. S., Dalessandro, R., Deasmundis, R., Degre, A., Deiters, K., Denes, E., Denes, P., Denotaristefani, F., Dhina, M., Dibitonto, D., Diemoz, M., Dimitrov, H. R., Dionisi, C., Dova, M. T., Drago, E., Driever, T., Duchesneau, D., Duinker, P., Duran, I., Elmamouni, H., Engler, A., Eppling, F. J., Erne, F. C., Extermann, P., Fabbretti, R., Fabre, M., Falciano, S., Fan, S. J., Fackler, O., Fay, J., Felcini, M., Ferguson, T., Fernandez, D., Fernandez, G., Ferroni, F., Fesefeldt, H., Fiandrini, E., Field, J., Filthaut, F., Finocchiaro, G., Fisher, P. H., Forconi, G., Foreman, T., Freudenreich, K., Friebel, W., Fukushima, M., Gailloud, M., Galaktionov, Y., Gallo, E., Ganguli, S. N., Garciaabia, P., Gau, S. S., Gele, D., Gentile, S., Goldfarb, S., Gong, Z. F., Gonzalez, E., Gottlicher, P., Gougas, A., Goujon, D., Gratta, G., Grinnell, C., Gruenewald, M., Gu, C., Guanziroli, M., Guo, J. K., Gupta, V. K., Gurtu, A., Gustafson, H. R., Gutay, L. J., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Hauschildt, D., C. F., He, Hebbeker, T., Hebert, M., Herten, G., Herten, U., Herve, A., Hilgers, K., Hofer, H., Hoorani, H., Hu, G., G. Q., Hu, Ille, B., Ilyas, M. M., Innocente, V., Janssen, H., Jezequel, S., Jin, B. N., Jones, L. W., Kasser, A., Khan, R. A., Kamyshkov, Y., Kapinos, P., Kapustinsky, J. S., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, M., Khokhar, S., Kienzlefocacci, M. N., Kinnison, W. W., Kirkby, D., Kirsch, S., Kittel, W., Klimentov, A., Konig, A. C., Koffeman, E., Kornadt, O., Koutsenko, V., Koulbardis, A., Kraemer, R. W., Kramer, T., Krastev, V. R., Krenz, W., Krivshich, A., Kuijten, H., Kumar, K. S., Kunin, A., Landi, G., Lanske, D., Lanzano, S., Lebrun, P., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Lecoultre, P., Lee, D. M., Leedom, I., Legoff, J. M., Leiste, R., Lenti, M., Leonardi, E., Lettry, J., Leytens, X., Li, C., H. T., Li, P. J., Li, X. G., Li, Liao, J. Y., Lin, W. T., Lin, Z. Y., Linde, F. L., Lindemann, B., Linnhofer, D., Lista, L., Liu, Y., Lohmann, W., Longo, E., Y. S., Lu, Lubbers, J. M., Lubelsmeyer, K., Luci, C., Luckey, D., Ludovici, L., Luminari, L., Lustermann, W., J. M., Ma, W. G., Ma, Macdermott, M., Malhotra, P. K., Malik, R., Malinin, A., Mana, C., Mao, D. N., Mao, Y. F., Maolinbay, M., Marchesini, P., Marion, F., Marin, A., Martin, J. P., Martinezlaso, L., Marzano, F., G. G. G., Matsuda, T., Mazumdar, K., Mcbride, P., Mcmahon, T., Mcnally, D., Meinholz, T., Merk, M., Merola, Leonardo, Meschini, M., Metzger, W. J., Mi, Y., Mills, G. B., Mir, Y., Mirabelli, G., Mnich, J., Moller, M., Monteleoni, B., Morand, R., Morganti, S., Moulai, N. E., Mount, R., Muller, S., Nadtochy, A., Nagy, E., Napolitano, Marco, Newman, H., Neyer, C., Niaz, M. A., Nippe, A., Nowak, H., Organtini, G., Pandoulas, D., Paoletti, S., Paolucci, P., Passaleva, G., Patricelli, Sergio, Paul, T., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Pei, Y. J., Perretgallix, D., Perrier, J., Pevsner, A., Piccolo, D., Pieri, M., Piroue, P. A., Plasil, F., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Pojidaev, V., Produit, N., Qian, J. M., Qureshi, K. N., Raghavan, R., Rahalcallot, G., Raven, G., Razis, P., Read, K., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Rescigno, M., Reucroft, S., Ricker, A., Riemann, S., Rind, O., Rizvi, H. A., Rodriguez, F. J., Roe, B. P., Rohner, M., Rohner, S., Romero, L., Rose, J., Rosierlees, S., Rosmalen, R., Rosselet, P., Rubbia, A., Rubio, J. A., Rykaczewski, H., Sachwitz, M., Sajan, E., Salicio, J., Salicio, J. M., Sanders, G. S., Santocchia, A., Sarakinos, M. S., Sartorelli, G., Sassowsky, M., Sauvage, G., Schegelsky, V., Schmiemann, K., Schmitz, D., Schmitz, P., Schneegans, M., Schopper, H., Schotanus, D. J., Shotkin, S., Schreiber, H. J., Shukla, J., Schulte, R., Schulte, S., Schultze, K., Schutte, J., Schwenke, J., Schwering, G., Sciacca, Crisostomo, Scott, I., Sehgal, R., Seiler, P. G., Sens, J. C., Servoli, L., Sheer, I., Shen, D. Z., Shevchenko, S., Shi, X. R., Shumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Soderstrom, E., Sopczak, A., Spartiotis, C., Spickermann, T., Spillantini, P., Starosta, R., Steuer, M., Stickland, D. P., Sticozzi, F., Stone, H., Strauch, K., Stringfellow, B. C., Sudhakar, K., Sultanov, G., Sumner, R. L., Sun, L. Z., Suter, H., Sutton, R. B., Swain, J. D., Syed, A. A., Tang, X. W., Taylor, L., Timmermans, C., S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Tonutti, M., Tonwar, S. C., Toth, J., Tsaregorodtsev, A., Tsipolitis, G., Tully, C., Tung, K. L., Ulbricht, J., Urban, L., Uwer, U., Valente, E., Vandewalle, R. T., Vetlitsky, I., Viertel, G., Vikas, P., Vikas, U., Vivargent, M., Vogel, H., Vogt, H., Vorobiev, I., Vorobyov, A. A., Vuilleumier, L., Wadhwa, M., Wallraff, W., Wang, C. R., Wang, G. H., Wang, J. H., Wang, Q. F., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z. M., Weber, A., Weber, J., Weill, R., Wenaus, T. J., Wenninger, J., White, M., Willmott, C., Wittgenstein, F., Wright, D., R. J., Wu, S. X., Wu, Y. G., Wu, Wyslouch, B., Xie, Y. Y., Y. D., Xu, Z. Z., Xu, Xue, Z. L., Yan, D. S., Yan, X. J., Yang, B. Z., Yang, C. G., Yang, G., Yang, K. S., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, Z. Q., C. H., Ye, J. B., Ye, Ye, Q., Yeh, S. C., Yin, Z. W., You, J. M., Yunus, N., Yzerman, M., Zaccardelli, C., Zemp, P., Zeng, M., Zeng, Y., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, Z. P., Zhou, B., Zhou, J. F., Zhu, R. Y., Zhuang, H. L., Zichichi, A., B. C. C., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L3, and IHEF (IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, E+E ANNIHILATION, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, LUND MONTE-CARLO, ENERGIES, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, QUARK, 01 natural sciences, QCD, Photon emission, SEARCH, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a study of energetic, isolated photons in a sample of approximately 320 000 Z0 hadronic decays. Energetic isolated photons probe the short-distance structure of QCD. We compare our data with the prediction of several QCD-based calculations. A search for new processes with one or two photons in the hadronic final state is also presented. No evidence for physics beyond the standard model is found.

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17. Positional Isomerism of Aromatic Heterocyclic Spacer Cations in Two-Dimensional Dion-Jacobson Hybrid Perovskites.

Author

Tang XM, Ou Q, Wang ZY, Shi XR, Tong CJ, and Long M

Abstract

Ligand engineering of aromatic heterocyclic cations in two-dimensional (2D) Dion-Jacobson (DJ) perovskites has been widely explored in recent years. In this study, how the positional isomers of aromatic heterocyclic cations tune the lattice of 2D perovskites, thereby influencing the transport and recombination dynamics of charge carriers, has been investigated through nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations. We demonstrate that the meta -substituted 3-(aminomethyl)pyridinium (3AMPY) cations greatly reduce the strength of electron-vibration coupling since the strong hydrogen-bonding network introduced by the changes in the arrangement of spacer cations significantly suppresses the structural thermal fluctuations. Compared to the para -substituted 4-(aminomethyl)pyridinium (4AMPY) cation, using the asymmetric 3AMPY as a spacer cation can achieve improved in-plane transport performance, enhanced thermal stability, and suppressed charge carrier recombination through weakening electron-vibration interactions. Our results explain the observed lifetime difference between the two types of DJ-phase perovskites in experiments and provide new guidance for optimizing the performance of perovskite devices.

Published
2024
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18. Structural engineering evoked multifunctionality in molybdate nanosheets for industrial oxygen evolution and dual energy storage devices inspired by multi-method calculations.

Author

Huang M, Yao H, Cao F, Wang P, Shi XR, Zhang M, and Xu S

Abstract

Structural engineering, including electronic and geometric modulations, is a good approach to improve the activity of electrocatalysts. Herein, we employed FeOOH and the second metal center Ni to modulate the electronic structure of CoMoO 4 and used a low temperature solvothermal route and a chemical etching method to prepare the special hollow hierarchical structure. Based on the prediction of multi-method calculations by density functional theory (DFT) and ab initial molecular dynamics (AIMD), a series of materials were fabricated. Among them, the optimal hollow FeOOH/(Ni 1 Co 1 )MoO 4 by coating (NiCo)MoO 4 nanosheets on FeOOH nanotubes showed excellent performances toward high current density oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline and simulated seawater solutions, hybrid supercapacitor (HSC), and aqueous battery due to the well-controlled electronic and geometric structures. The optimal FeOOH/(Ni 1 Co 1 )MoO 4 required overpotentials of 225 and 546 mV to deliver 10 and 1000 mA cm -2 current densities toward alkaline OER, and maintained a good stability for 100 h at 200 mA cm -2 with negligible attenuation. The FeOOH/(Ni 1 Co 1 )MoO 4 //Pt/C electrolyzer exhibited a low cell voltage of 1.52 and 1.79 V to drive 10 and 200 mA cm -2 and retained a long-term durability nearly 100 h at 1.79 V. As the electrode of energy storage devices, it possessed a specific capacity of 342 mA h g -1 at 1 A g -1 . HSC and SC-type battery devices were fabricated. The assembled HSC kept a capacitance retention of 94 % after 10,000 cycles. This work provided a way to fabricate effective and stable multifunctional materials for energy storage and conversion with the aid of multi-method calculations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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19. Clinical applications of superb microvascular imaging and virtual touch imaging quantification in pediatric mesenteric lymphadenitis diagnosis: A promising pathway to enhanced precision.

Author

Zhu YC, Zhou L, Zu DM, Deng SH, Zhang Y, Shan J, Shi XR, and Jiang Q

Abstract

Background: Mesenteric lymphadenitis (ML) demonstrates a distinctive inclination for the pediatric and adolescent demographic and the diagnosis of ML in young children poses a substantial challenge., Objective: This prospective study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) and Virtual Touch Tissue Imaging quantification (VTIQ) in distinguishing pediatric mesenteric lymphadentitis., Methods: We examined 82 mesentric lymph node (MLN) in pediatric patients with mesenteric lymphadentitis and 50 MLN in a healthy group. SMI was utilized to evaluate vascularity within the MLN, while MLN stiffness, quantified as shear wave velocity (SWV) in meters per second (m/s), was assessed using VTIQ. We compared the diagnostic performance of greyscale Ultrasound, US combined with SMI, US combined with VTIQ, and US combined with both SMI and VTIQ., Results: SMI revealed a significant distinction between mesenteric lymphadentitis and normal MLN (p <  0.001). MLN affected by mesenteric lymphadentis exhibited increased vascularity (marked vascularity: 13/82, 15.85%) compared to normal MLN (marked vascularity: 1/50, 2.00%). Statistically significant differences were observed in SWV values beween mesenteric lymphadentitis and normal MLN (all p-values <0.001). The mean and minimum SWV values for MLN with mesenteric lymphadentitis were 1.66±0.77 m/s and 1.51±0.53 m/s, respectively. Control group SWV values were approximately three times higher than those in the mesenteric lymphadenitis group. The highest area under the curve values were achieved with the combination of all three modalities (0.837, 95% confidence interval: 0.763- 0.896), followed by US + VTIQ (0.795, 0.716- 0.860), US + SMI (0.753, 0.670- 0.824) and US alone (0.642, 0.554- 0.724)., Conclusion: SMI and VTIQ offer a promising noninvasive adjunct to grayscale ultrasound for identifying mesenteric lymphadentitis in pediatric patients.

Published
2024
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20. Study on the impact of comprehensive geriatric assessment on anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Author

Shi XR, Wu WL, Li CY, Ao J, Xiong HX, Guo J, and Fang Y

Abstract

Background: Psychological factors such as anxiety and depression will not only aggravate the symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and reduce the quality of life of patients, but also affect the treatment effect and long-term prognosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the clinical application of senile comprehensive assessment in the treatment of COPD and its influence on psychological factors such as anxiety and depression., Aim: To explore the clinical application of comprehensive geriatric assessment in COPD care and its impact on anxiety and depression in elderly patents., Methods: In this retrospective study, 60 patients with COPD who were hospitalized in our hospital from 2019 to 2020 were randomly divided into two groups with 30 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given comprehensive assessment. Clinical symptoms, quality of life [COPD assessment test (CAT) score], anxiety and depression Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) were compared between the two groups., Results: CAT scores in the observation group decreased from an average of 24.5 points at admission to an average of 18.3 points at discharge, and in the control group from an average of 24.7 points at admission to an average of 18.3 points at discharge. The average score was 22.1 ( P < 0.05). In the observation group, HAMA scores decreased from 14.2 points at admission to 8.6 points at discharge, and HAMD scores decreased from 13.8 points at admission to 7.4 points at discharge. The mean HAMD scores in the control group decreased from an average of 14.5 at admission to an average of 12.3 at discharge, and from an average of 14.1 at admission to an average of 11.8 at discharge., Conclusion: The application of comprehensive geriatric assessment in COPD care has a significant effect on improving patients' clinical symptoms and quality of life, and can effectively reduce patients' anxiety and depression., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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21. Carbon-Based Composites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts: Design, Fabrication, and Application.

Author

Gao C, Yao H, Wang P, Zhu M, Shi XR, and Xu S

Abstract

The four-electron oxidation process of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) highly influences the performance of many green energy storage and conversion devices due to its sluggish kinetics. The fabrication of cost-effective OER electrocatalysts via a facile and green method is, hence, highly desirable. This review summarizes and discusses the recent progress in creating carbon-based materials for alkaline OER. The contents mainly focus on the design, fabrication, and application of carbon-based materials for alkaline OER, including metal-free carbon materials, carbon-based supported composites, and carbon-based material core-shell hybrids. The work presents references and suggestions for the rational design of highly efficient carbon-based OER materials.

Published
2024
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22. Value of conventional ultrasound and shear‑wave elastography in the assessment of mesenteric lymphadenitis in a paediatric population.

Author

Zhou L, Shan J, Zu DM, Deng SH, Zhang Y, Shi XR, Zhu YC, and Jiang Q

Abstract

The present retrospective study was designed to explore the value of conventional ultrasound (US) and Virtual Touch Tissue Imaging and Quantification (VTIQ) in the assessment of mesenteric lymphadenitis (ML) in a paediatric population. A total of 103 patients with ML and 60 healthy paediatric patients were examined. VTIQ was performed to assess mesenteric lymph node (MLN) stiffness via shear-wave velocity (SWV). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to reveal independent variables for the identification of ML. The diagnostic performance of US, and US combined with VTIQ, were compared. All the quantitative VTIQ parameters (including the SWV Mean , SWV Max and SWV Min ) were significantly greater for MLNs in the control group than for MLNs in the ML group (all P<0.001). The SWV values in the control group were nearly 2-fold greater than that in the ML group. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the longest diameter [odds ratio (OR)=6.042; P=0.046] was revealed to be the strongest independent predictor for ML, followed by the CRP level (OR=2.310; P<0.001) and the SWV Mean (OR=0.106; P<0.001). According to the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for US combined with VTIQ was 0.890 (95% CI: 0.831-0.949) with a greater sensitivity of 91.26% and a greater specificity of 86.67% than that for US alone (AUC: 0.798; 95% CI: 0.724-0.872; sensitivity: 79.61%; specificity: 80.00%). A significant negative correlation between increased VTIQ parameters and ML was observed. Utilizing VTIQ to assess MLN stiffness offers a non-invasive, convenient, reliable and reproducible approach for identifying mesenteric lymphadenopathy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © 2024 Zhou et al.)

Published
2024
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23. Recent progress in hierarchical nanostructures for Ni-based industrial-level OER catalysts.

Author

Yao H, Wang P, Zhu M, and Shi XR

Abstract

Exploring efficient and low-cost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts reaching the industrial level current density is crucial for hydrogen production via water electrolysis. In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in hierarchical nanostructures for the industrial-level OER. The contents mainly concern (i) the design of a hierarchical structure; (ii) a Ni-based hierarchical structure for the industrial current density OER; and (iii) the surface reconstruction of the hierarchical structure during the OER process. The work provides valuable guidance and insights for the manufacture of hierarchical nanomaterials and devices for industrial applications.

Published
2024
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24. The controllable and efficient synthesis of two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets for heterogeneous catalysis.

Author

Yun LX, Zhang C, Shi XR, Dong YJ, Zhang HT, Shen ZG, and Wang JX

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) MOFs exhibit unique periodicity in surface structures and thus have attracted much interest in the fields of catalysis, energy, and sensors. However, the expanded production scale of 2D MOFs had remained a great challenge in most previous studies. Herein, a controllable and efficient crystallization method for synthesizing 2D MOF nanosheets using high-gravity reactive precipitation is proposed, significantly improving heterogeneous catalysis efficiency. The two-dimensional ZIF-L nanosheets prepared in a rotating packed bed (RPB) reactor show a smaller lateral and lamellar thickness and a higher BET surface area compared to ZIF-L nanosheets prepared in a conventional stirred tank reactor (STR), with a greatly shortened reaction time. Applying the ZIF-L-RPB nanosheets as a catalyst, the catalytic Knoevenagel condensation as a probe reaction displays a high conversion rate of benzaldehyde (99.3%) within 2 h at room temperature, greatly exceeding that displayed by ZIF-L-STR and other reported catalysts. Furthermore, ZIL-L-RPB nanosheets of only 0.2 wt% enhanced the catalytic activity for the glycolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with a PET conversion and a monomer yield of 90% in a short period of 15 min at 195 °C and almost completely depolymerized PET with a monomer yield of 94% in 30 min, which was far above that achieved by ZIL-L-STR. These results indicate the promising prospects of a high-gravity reactive precipitation strategy with precise size control in an economical way to prepare high-activity 2D MOF nanosheets for a wide range of heterogeneous catalysis.

Published
2024
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25. Dual-mode tunable absorber based on quasi-bound states in the continuum.

Author

Xu W, Zhang D, Shi XR, Meng HY, Yue J, Zhai X, Xia SX, Li HJ, and Wang LL

Abstract

In this Letter, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, dual-mode tunable absorber that utilizes quasi-bound states in the continuum (q-BIC) based on the periodically arranged silicon cylinders tetramer. By introducing asymmetry perturbation through manipulating the diameters of diagonal cylinders in the all-dielectric structure, the symmetry-protected BIC (SP-BIC) transforms into q-BIC, leading to the emergence of one transmission and one reflection Fano-like resonant mode. The relationship between the quality factor of each mode and the asymmetry parameter α is analyzed, revealing an exponential dependence with an exponent of -1.75, i.e., Q ∝ α -1.75 . To explain the underlying physics, multipole decomposition analysis and Aleksandra's theory are applied. Subsequently, a monolayer graphene is introduced to the all-dielectric structure to demonstrate the application of the dual-mode tunable absorber. When the critical coupling condition is satisfied, each mode can achieve the theoretical maximum absorption, demonstrating the distinctive capability of our proposed absorber for tuning and efficient light absorption. This research provides valuable insights into light-matter interactions and opens up possibilities for optical modulation and the development of graphene-based devices.

Published
2023
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26. Bio-inspired design of NiFeP nanoparticles embedded in (N,P) co-doped carbon for boosting overall water splitting.

Author

Zhang X, Shi XR, Wang P, Bao Z, Huang M, Xu Y, and Xu S

Abstract

The design and synthesis of cost-effective and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting via a green and sustainable fabrication way remain a challenging problem. Herein, a bio-inspired method was used to synthesize NiFeP nanoparticles embedded in (N,P) co-doped carbon with the added carbon nanotubes. The obtained Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 P-C catalyst displayed excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances in both alkaline and alkaline simulated seawater solutions. The optimal Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 P-C/NF only needs overpotentials of 45 and 242 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm -2 under HER and OER working conditions in 1.0 M KOH solution, respectively. First-principles calculations revealed the presence of a strong interaction between the carbon layer and metal phosphide nanoparticles. Benefiting from this and carbon nanotubes modification, the fabricated Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 P-C presents impressive stability, working continuously for 100 h without collapse. A low alkaline cell voltage of 1.56 V for the assembled Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 P-C/NF//Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 P-C/NF electrocatalyzer could afford a current density of 10 mA cm -2 . Moreover, when integrated with a photovoltaic device, the bifunctional Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 P-C electrocatalyst demonstrates application potential for sustainable solar-driven water electrolysis.

Published
2023
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27. Effects of elevated CO 2 concentration on cell structure and stress resistance physiology of Setaria italica under drought stress.

Author

Li JL, Wang SB, Li YJ, Hao XY, Zong YZ, Zhang DS, Shen J, Shi XR, and Li P

Subjects
Carbon Dioxide, Antioxidants, Droughts, Proline, Starch pharmacology, Setaria Plant physiology
Abstract

The frequency of drought will increase under further warming. The increase in atmospheric CO 2 concentration, along with more frequent drought, will affect crop growth. We examined the changes of cell structure, photosynthetic physiology, antioxidant enzymes, osmotic regulatory substances, and yield of foxtail millet ( Setaria ita-lica ) leaves under different CO 2 concentrations (ambient air CO 2 concentration and ambient atmospheric CO 2 concentration + 200 μmol·mol -1 ) and water treatment (soil moisture content maintained at 45%-55%, and 70%-80% of field capacity, representing mild drought and normal water condition, respectively). The results showed that elevated CO 2 concentration increased the number of starch grains, the area of single starch grains, and the total area of starch grains in the chloroplast of millet mesophyll cells. Under mild drought condition, elevated CO 2 concentration increased net photosynthetic rate of millet leaves at the booting stage by 37.9%, but did not affect water use efficiency at this stage. Elevated CO 2 concentration increased net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of millet leaves under mild drought condition at the filling stage by 15.0% and 44.2%, respectively. Under mild drought condition, elevated CO 2 concentration increased the content of peroxidase (POD) and soluble sugar in millet leaves at the booting stage by 39.3% and 8.0%, respectively, but decreased proline content by 31.5%. It increased the content of POD in millet leaves at the filling stage by 26.5% but decreased the content of MDA and proline by 37.2% and 39.3%, respectively. Under mild drought condition, elevated CO 2 concentration significantly increased the number of grain spikes by 44.7% and yield by 52.3% in both years compared with normal water condition. The effect of elevated CO 2 concentration on grain yield under mild drought conditions was higher than that under normal water condition. Under mild drought conditions, elevated CO 2 concentration increased leaf thickness, vascular bundle sheath cross-sectional area, net photosynthetic rate, and water use efficiency of millet, improved the antioxidant oxidase activity, and changed the concentration of osmotic regulatory substances, alleviated the nega-tive effect of drought on foxtail millet, and finally increased the number of grains per ear and yield of foxtail millet. This study would provide a theoretical basis for millet production and sustainable agricultural development in arid areas under future climate change.

Published
2023
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28. An IL-6/STAT3/MR/FGF21 axis mediates heart-liver cross-talk after myocardial infarction.

Author

Sun JY, Du LJ, Shi XR, Zhang YY, Liu Y, Wang YL, Chen BY, Liu T, Zhu H, Liu Y, Ruan CC, Gan Z, Ying H, Yin Z, Gao PJ, Yan X, Li RG, and Duan SZ

Subjects
Humans, STAT3 Transcription Factor metabolism, Liver metabolism, Receptors, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Myocardial Infarction metabolism
Abstract

The liver plays a protective role in myocardial infarction (MI). However, very little is known about the mechanisms. Here, we identify mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) as a pivotal nexus that conveys communications between the liver and the heart during MI. Hepatocyte MR deficiency and MR antagonist spironolactone both improve cardiac repair after MI through regulation on hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), illustrating an MR/FGF21 axis that underlies the liver-to-heart protection against MI. In addition, an upstreaming acute interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway transmits the heart-to-liver signal to suppress MR expression after MI. Hepatocyte Il6 receptor deficiency and Stat3 deficiency both aggravate cardiac injury through their regulation on the MR/FGF21 axis. Therefore, we have unveiled an IL-6/STAT3/MR/FGF21 signaling axis that mediates heart-liver cross-talk during MI. Targeting the signaling axis and the cross-talk could provide new strategies to treat MI and heart failure.

Published
2023
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29. Base-Controlled Synthesis of Fluorescent Acridone Derivatives via Formal (4 + 2) Cycloaddition.

Author

Liu FC, Si MJ, Shi XR, Zhuang SY, Cai Q, Liu Y, and Wu AX

Abstract

A transition-metal-free formal (4 + 2) cycloaddition for the direct assembly of acridone derivatives has been developed from simple and easily accessible o -aminobenzamides and 2-(trimethylsilyl)aryl triflates. The base played an important role in the selective controlled synthesis of N -H and N -aryl acridones. A preliminary study on the fluorescence properties of N -aryl acridones demonstrated that they could be used as fluorescent materials with a broad emission range.

Published
2023
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30. S-Species-Evoked High-Valence Ni 2+ δ of the Evolved β-Ni(OH) 2 Electrode for Selective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural.

Author

Liu C, Shi XR, Yue K, Wang P, Zhan K, Wang X, Xia BY, and Yan Y

Abstract

An efficient NiS x -modified β-Ni(OH) 2 electrode is reported for the selective oxidation reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMFOR) with excellent electrocatalytic 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) selectivity (99.4%), conversion (97.7%), and Faradaic efficiency (98.3%). The decoration of NiS x will evoke high-valence Ni 2+ δ species in the reconstructed β-Ni(OH) 2 electrode, which are the real active species for HMFOR. The generated NiS x /Ni(OH)O modulates the proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) process of HMFOR, where the electrocatalytically generated Ni(OH)O can effectively trap the protons from the CHO end in HMF to realize electron transfer. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) competes with the HMFOR when NiS x /Ni(OH)O continues to accumulate, to generate the NiS x /NiO x (OH) y intermediate. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results verify that the adsorption energy of HMF can be optimized through the increased NiS x composition for more efficient capture of protons and electrons in the HMFOR., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2023
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31. The adsorption of single Au atom and nucleation on γ-Al 2 O 3 surfaces.

Author

Hu S, Wang P, Gao R, Bi F, and Shi XR

Abstract

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) in heterogeneous catalysts have attracted increasing attention and the adsorption and nucleation of single atom on the surface are closely related to the performance of the catalyst. The present work employed density functional theory calculations to examine the adsorption of single Au atom and nucleation on γ-Al 2 O 3 surfaces at the atomic level. The effect of surface hydroxyls group on the adsorption and nucleation of single Au atom on γ-Al 2 O 3 surfaces is explored. It was found that the spillover reactions of surface hydroxyls H atoms with the deposited Au - are not available on the hydroxylated surface. The interaction of Au to the clean surface is the stronger than to the hydroxylated surface. The even-odd alternations of Au x and weak binding of single Au atoms to γ-Al 2 O 3 leads to large even-numbered Au cluster on the surface. Density of states and electron density difference analysis show that the electronic structure of Au/γ-Al 2 O 3 is quite different from the reported Cu and Pd on Al 2 O 3 ., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2023
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32. Ncor1 Deficiency Promotes Osteoclastogenesis and Exacerbates Periodontitis.

Author

Ma XX, Meng XQ, Wang YL, Liu Y, Shi XR, Shao S, Duan SZ, and Lu HX

Subjects
Mice, Animals, Osteogenesis, PPAR gamma metabolism, X-Ray Microtomography, Osteoclasts metabolism, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 genetics, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 metabolism, Periodontitis metabolism, Alveolar Bone Loss metabolism
Abstract

Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 ( Ncor1 ) has been reported to regulate different transcription factors in different biological processes, including metabolism, inflammation, and circadian rhythms. However, the role of Ncor1 in periodontitis has not been elucidated. The aims of the present study were to investigate the role of Ncor1 in experimental periodontitis and to explore the underlying mechanisms through an experimental periodontitis model in myeloid cell-specific Ncor1 -deficient mice. Myeloid cell-specific Ncor1 knockout (MNKO) mice were generated, and experimental periodontitis induced by ligation using 5-0 silk sutures was established. Ncor1 flox/flox mice were used as littermate controls (LC). Histological staining and micro-computed tomography scanning were used to evaluate osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone resorption. Flow cytometry was conducted to observe the effect of Ncor1 on myeloid cells. RNA sequencing was used to explore the differentially targeted genes in osteoclastogenesis in the absence of Ncor1 . Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments, and dual luciferase assays were performed to explore the relationship between NCoR1 and the targeted gene. Alveolar bone resorption in the MNKO mice was significantly greater than that in the LC mice after periodontitis induction and osteoclastogenesis in vitro. The percentage of CD11b+ cells, particularly CD11b+ Ly6G+ neutrophils, was substantially higher in gingival tissues in the MNKO mice than in the LC mice. Results of RNA sequencing demonstrated that CCAAT enhancer binding protein α ( Cebpα ) was one of the most differentially expressed genes between the MNKO and LC groups. Mechanistically, Co-IP assays, ChIP experiments, and dual luciferase assays revealed that NCOR1 interacted with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and cooperated with HDAC3 to control the transcription of Cebpα . In conclusion, Ncor1 deficiency promoted osteoclast and neutrophil formation in mice with experimental periodontitis. It regulated the transcription of Cebpα via PPARγ to promote osteoclast differentiation.

Published
2023
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33. Rational design of 3D N-doped graphene with a holey structure as a bifunctional electrode for sensitive methyl parathion detection and supercapacitors.

Author

Xu S, Wang P, Huang M, Hong M, Zhang Y, Su C, and Shi XR

Abstract

N-doped graphene with nano-sized holes possesses abundant electrochemically active sites at the exposed edge and an open porous structure, leading to a better electrochemical performance and faster electron and ion transport than the basal planes in graphene. In this study, three-dimensional graphene with a porous structure and abundant doped N (3d-NHG) were synthesized as bifunctional electrodes for methyl parathion (MP) detection and supercapacitors. The roles of N-doping and the holey construction in the electrochemical performance of the 3d-NHG were systematically investigated through a combined theory-experiment strategy. The 3d-NHG-based electrochemical sensor successfully detected methyl parathion in the range of 38 nm-380 μM with a low detection limit (2.27 nM) and superior sensitivity. Furthermore, the 3d-NHG also demonstrated potential for use in supercapacitors with a specific capacitance of 207 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 and excellent rate capability (76% capacitance retention at 10 A g -1 ). Density functional theory calculations revealed that the exposed carbon sites at the edge are the reactive sites for species adsorption. Moreover, the holey structure in 3d-NHG plays a dominating role in electrochemical processes and in the enhanced electrocatalysis. This work provides guidance for the rational design of high-performance bifunctional electrodes for MP detection and supercapacitors by defect engineering.

Published
2022
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34. Carbon-incorporated bimetallic phosphide nanospheres derived from MOFs as superior electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution.

Author

Shao X, Xu S, Wang P, Wen Y, Sun X, Hong M, Wu K, and Shi XR

Abstract

Preparing low-cost and highly efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction using a simple strategy still faces challenges. In this work, we proposed a facile phosphating process to successfully transform CoFe-BTC (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) precursors into carbon-incorporated bimetallic phosphide (CoFe-P/C) nanospheres. Due to the synergistic effect between bimetals and uniformly covered carbon shells outside, the as-synthesized porous bimetallic phosphide nanospheres exhibit superior HER activity, enhanced kinetics, and excellent cycle durability in both acidic and alkaline solutions. The optimized material could afford a current density of 10 mA cm -2 with overpotentials of 138 and 193 mV for the HER in acidic and alkaline solutions, respectively. Meanwhile, it delivered small Tafel slopes of 84 and 78 mV dec -1 for the HER in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 and 1.0 M KOH, respectively. Moreover, an assembled alkaline electrolyzer enabled a low voltage of 1.62 V to drive a current density of 10 mA cm -2 for overall water splitting. DFT calculations indicate that the CoP-Fe 2 P composite is supposed to exhibit better HER performance than each component, revealing the vital role of the interfacial site in catalyzing the HER.

Published
2022
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35. The prognostic role of albumin-bilirubin grade in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Author

Shi XR, Xu XY, Zhang GL, Jiang JY, and Cao DD

Subjects
Humans, Bilirubin, Prognosis, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Albumins, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy
Abstract

Objective: Our aim was to explore the prognostic role of baseline albumin-bilirubin levels (ALBI) on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)., Patients and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 58 cases of advanced NSCLC patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy from January 2019 to February 2022 in People's Hospital of Macheng. Patients were grouped according to the levels of baseline ALBI. The corresponding cut-off values ​​were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We also assessed potential predictive models for predicting efficacy of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC., Results: The median overall survival (OS) was not reached. The median OS of patients with PS ≤ 1 after immunotherapy was significantly longer than that of PS ≥ 2, which was NR vs. 6.67 months (HR=0.14, 95% CI: 0.05-0.46; p<0.01). The risk of death for patients with low ALBI (<-2.52) was significantly lower than that of patients with high ALBI (HR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.08-0.94; p=0.03). Univariate analysis showed that baseline ALBI and PS were factors significantly affecting OS in patients with advanced NSCLC after immunotherapy (p<0.05 for all). The combination of ALBI and PS showed a good predictive value in prognosis of these patients after immunotherapy (p<0.01)., Conclusions: The baseline ALBI and PS may serve as prognostic factors for advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy.

Published
2022
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36. Macrophage Nuclear Receptor Corepressor 1 Deficiency Protects Against Ischemic Stroke in Mice.

Author

Shao S, Chen YL, Du LJ, Liu Y, Zhu H, Zhou LJ, Liu T, Lin WZ, Yu F, Ma XX, Shi XR, Meng XQ, Liu Y, Wang YL, Bai L, Zhang XH, Jia F, and Duan SZ

Subjects
Mice, Animals, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Macrophages metabolism, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery genetics, Mice, Knockout, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 genetics, Brain Ischemia, Ischemic Stroke, Stroke genetics, Stroke prevention & control
Abstract

Microglia/macrophage activation plays an essential role in Ischemic stroke (IS). Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) has been identified as a vital regulator in macrophages. The present study aims to explore the functions of macrophage NCoR1 in IS. Macrophage NCoR1 knockout (MNKO) mice and littermate control mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Our data showed that macrophage NCoR1 deficiency significantly reduced the infarct size and infarct volume as well as brain edema after MCAO. Additionally, MNKO induced less microglia/macrophage infiltration and activation, neuroinflammation, apoptosis of neuronal cells, and BBB disruption in brains after IS. Mechanistic studies revealed that NCoR1 interacted with LXRβ in microglia and MNKO impaired the activation of the Nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway in brains after IS. Our data demonstrated that macrophage NCoR1 deficiency inhibited microglia/macrophage activation and protected against IS. Targeting NCoR1 in microglia/macrophage may be a potential approach for IS treatment., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2022
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37. Machine Learning Assisted Doppler Features for Enhancing Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: A Multi-Cohort Study.

Author

Zhu YC, Du H, Jiang Q, Zhang T, Huang XJ, Zhang Y, Shi XR, Shan J, and AlZoubi A

Subjects
Cohort Studies, Humans, Machine Learning, Pilot Projects, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonography methods, Thyroid Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Thyroid Neoplasms pathology, Thyroid Nodule diagnostic imaging, Thyroid Nodule pathology
Abstract

Background: This pilot study aims at exploiting machine learning techniques to extract color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) features and to build an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on these CDUS features for improving the diagnostic performance of thyroid cancer classification., Methods: A total of 674 patients with 712 thyroid nodules (TNs) (512 from internal dataset and 200 from external dataset) were randomly selected in this retrospective study. We used ANN to build a model (TDUS-Net) for classifying malignant and benign TNs using both the automatically extracted quantitative CDUS features (whole ratio, intranodular ratio, peripheral ratio, and number of vessels) and gray-scale ultrasound (US) features defined by the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). Then, we compared the diagnostic performance of the model, the performance of another ANN model based on the gray-scale US features alone (TUS-Net), and that of radiologists., Results: The TDUS-Net (0.898, 95% CI: 0.868-0.922) achieved a higher area under the curve (AUC) than that of TUS-Net (0.881, 95% CI: 0.850-0.908) in the internal tests. Compared with radiologists, TDUS-Net (AUC: 0.925, 95% CI: 0.880-0.958) performed better than radiologists (AUC: 0.810, 95% CI: 0.749-0.862) in the external tests., Conclusions: Applying a machine learning model by combining both gray-scale US features and CDUS features can achieve comparable or even higher performance than radiologists in classifying TNs., (© 2021 American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.)

Published
2022
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38. The surface structure, stability, and catalytic performances toward O 2 reduction of CoP and FeCoP 2 .

Author

Huang M, Sun C, Zhang X, Wang P, Xu S, and Shi XR

Abstract

The systematic atomistic level investigation of low-index surface structures, stabilities, and catalytic performances of CoP and FeCoP 2 towards the O 2 reduction reaction (ORR) is vital for their applications. Employing first-principles calculations, it is revealed that CoP and FeCoP 2 present the same surface stability in the order of (101) ≈ (011) > (111) > (001) > (110) > (010) > (100). They also possess a similar Wulff equilibrium crystal shape with (101) and (011) exposing the largest surface area. From the electronic view, FeCoP 2 presents improved electronic conductivity compared with CoP. From the energy view, whether FeCoP 2 delivers improved electrocatalytic activity toward the ORR with respect to CoP depends on the reactive surfaces and sites. Among the 4 surfaces considered, only CoP(101), FeCoP 2 (101) and FeCoP 2 (011) delivered ORR performances theoretically when the bridge metal-metal site acts as the reactive center, which makes CoP(011) the only exception. CoP(101)-b Co-Co and FeCoP 2 (011)-b Fe-Co exhibit a larger thermodynamic limiting potential than FeCoP 2 (101)-b Co-Co , suggesting their higher performances toward the ORR. The last step of HO* desorption as the rate-limiting step accounts for 3/4. The third step of transformation from O* to HO* as the most sluggish step accounts for 1/4. The work function, d-band center, Bader charge, and electronic localization function calculations are performed to reveal the HO adsorption nature. The present work provides fundamental insight into the effect of Fe doping into CoP, the determination of the catalyst surface and the key species adsorption nature to guide the rational design of high-performance materials.

Published
2022
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39. Osteoblast MR deficiency protects against adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Author

Wang YL, Bai L, Shi XR, Zhu H, Du LJ, Liu Y, Ma XX, Lin WZ, Liu T, Sun JY, Liu Y, Guo XG, Zhou LJ, Chen BY, Shao S, Meng XQ, Li YL, Li RG, and Duan SZ

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Mice, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists pharmacology, Osteoblasts metabolism, Spironolactone, Ventricular Remodeling, Heart Failure, Myocardial Infarction pathology
Abstract

Rationale: Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists have been clinically used to treat heart failure. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood., Methods and Results: Using osteoblast MR knockout (MR obko ) mouse in combination with myocardial infarction (MI) model, we demonstrated that MR deficiency in osteoblasts significantly improved cardiac function, promoted myocardial healing, as well as attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammatory response after MI. Gene expression profiling using RNA sequencing revealed suppressed expression of osteocalcin (OCN) in calvaria from MR obko mice compared to littermate control (MR fl/fl ) mice with or without MI. Plasma levels of undercarboxylated OCN (ucOCN) were also markedly decreased in MR obko mice compared to MR fl/fl mice. Administration of ucOCN abolished the protective effects of osteoblast MR deficiency on infarcted hearts. Mechanistically, ucOCN treatment promoted proliferation and inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages. Spironolactone, an MR antagonist, significantly inhibited the expression and secretion of OCN in post-MI mice. More importantly, spironolactone decreased plasma levels of ucOCN and inflammatory cytokines in heart failure patients., Conclusions: MR deficiency in osteoblasts alleviates pathological ventricular remodeling after MI, likely through its regulation on OCN. Spironolactone may work through osteoblast MR/OCN axis to exert its therapeutic effects on pathological ventricular remodeling and heart failure in mice and human patients., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2022
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40. Oxidative Coupling of Methane: Examining the Inactivity of the MnO x -Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 Catalyst at Low Temperature.

Author

Si J, Zhao G, Sun W, Liu J, Guan C, Yang Y, Shi XR, and Lu Y

Abstract

Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalyzed by MnO x -Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 has great industrial promise to convert methane directly to C 2-3 products, but its high light-off temperature is the most challenging obstacle to commercialization and its working mechanism is still a mystery. We report the discovery of a low-temperature active and selective MnO x -Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalyst enriched with Q 2 units in the SiO 2 carrier, being capable of converting 23 % CH 4 with 72 % C 2-3 selectivity at 660 °C. From experiments and theoretical calculations, a large number of Q 2 units in the MnO x -Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalyst is a trigger for markedly lowering the light-off temperature of the Mn 3+ ↔Mn 2+ redox cycle involved in the OCM reaction because of the easy formation of MnSiO 3 . Notably, the MnSiO 3 formation proceeds merely through the SiO 2 -involved reaction in the presence of Na 2 WO 4 : Mn 7 SiO 12 +6 SiO 2 ↔7 MnSiO 3 +1.5 O 2 . The Na 2 WO 4 not only drives the light-off of this cycle but also gets it working with substantial selectivity toward C 2-3 products. Our findings shine a light on the rational design of more advanced MnO x -Na 2 WO 4 based OCM catalysts through establishing new Mn 3+ ↔Mn 2+ redox cycles with lowered light-off temperature., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2022
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41. Added Value of Superb Microvascular Imaging and Virtual Touch Imaging Quantification in Assisting Thyroid Cancer Classification.

Author

Zhu YC, Zhang Y, Shan J, Deng SH, Shi XR, and Jiang Q

Subjects
Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Prospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Ultrasonography, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Thyroid Neoplasms, Thyroid Nodule diagnostic imaging
Abstract

This prospective study determined the value added by superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and Virtual Touch imaging quantification (VTIQ) to conventional ultrasonography in classifying malignant and benign thyroid nodules. One hundred eighty-three thyroid nodules (TNs) in 120 patients (112 benign and 71 malignant TNs) were evaluated. SMI revealed noticeable variance between benign and malignant TNs (p < 0.001). Malignant nodules tended to have rich vascularity (grade 3: 38/71, 53.5%) compared with benign nodules (grade 3: 33/112, 29.5%). There is a statistically significant difference between malignant and benign TNs with respect to shear-wave speed (SWS) values (all p values <0.001). The SWS mean, maximum and ratio of malignant nodules were 3.97 ± 1.34, 4.79 ± 1.70 and 1.25 ± 0.39, respectively. The SWS mean, maximum and ratio of benign nodules were 2.65 ± 0.42, 2.97 ± 0.46 and 1.15 ± 0.35, respectively. With respect to area under the curve values, the combined use of SMI or VTIQ improved the diagnostic performance of classifying malignant and benign TNs compared with that of ultrasonography alone. The combination of three modalities achieved the greatest area under the curve values (0.9811, 95% confidence interval: 0.95529-1.000), followed by US + VTIQ (0.9747, 0.94543-1.000), US + SMI (0.9032, 0.85345-0.95391) and ultrasonography (0.8291, 0.76417-0.89403)., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest disclosure The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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42. Single-metal-atom catalysts supported on graphdiyne catalyze CO oxidation.

Author

Sun C, Huang S, Huang M, Zhang X, Xu S, Wang H, Chen Y, and Shi XR

Abstract

Single-metal-atom catalysts supported on graphdiyne (GDY) exhibit great potential for catalyzing low temperature CO oxidation in solving the increasingly serious environmental problems caused by CO emissions due to the high catalytic activity, clear structure, uniform metal distribution and low cost. First principle calculations were employed to study CO oxidation activities of four M@GDY single-atom catalysts (M = Pt, Rh, Cu, and Ni). For each catalyst, five possible reaction mechanisms including bi-molecular and tri-molecular reactions were discussed. According to the calculated reaction barriers, the preferred reaction pathway is via the bi-molecular Langmuir-Hinshelwood (BLH) ((CO + O 2 )* → OCOO* → CO 2 + O*) route to yield the first CO 2 molecule with 0.55, 0.51, and 0.53 eV as the energy barriers of the rate-limiting steps of Pt@GDY, Rh@GDY, and Cu@GDY, respectively, whereas for Ni@GDY, it switches to the tri-molecular Eley-Rideal (TER1) ((2CO)* + O 2 → OCOOCO* → 2CO 2 ) mechanism with the reaction barrier of the rate-limiting step being 1.27 eV. Based on the energy difference in the initial states of the five reaction mechanisms, TER1 is generally viable. No matter it is based on the calculated reaction barrier or the energy of the initial state of each mechanism, the non-noble Cu@GDY is supposed to be an efficient catalyst as the noble ones. The electronic properties are calculated to explain the bonding strength and origin of the catalytic performance. The GDY support plays an important role in the electron transfer process.

Published
2021
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43. Oxygen-deficient metal oxides supported nano-intermetallic InNi 3 C 0.5 toward efficient CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol.

Author

Meng C, Zhao G, Shi XR, Chen P, Liu Y, and Lu Y

Abstract

Direct CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol using renewable energy-generated hydrogen is attracting intensive attention, but qualifying catalysts represents a grand challenge. Pure-/multi-metallic systems used for this task usually have low catalytic activity. Here, we tailored a highly active and selective InNi 3 C 0.5 /ZrO 2 catalyst by tuning the performance-relevant electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI), which is tightly linked with the ZrO 2 type-dependent oxygen deficiency. Highly oxygen-deficient monoclinic-ZrO 2 support imparts high electron density to InNi 3 C 0.5 because of the considerably enhanced EMSI, thereby enabling InNi 3 C 0.5 /monoclinic-ZrO 2 with an intrinsic activity three or two times as high as that of InNi 3 C 0.5 /amorphous-ZrO 2 or InNi 3 C 0.5 /tetragonal-ZrO 2 The EMSI-governed catalysis observed in the InNi 3 C 0.5 /ZrO 2 system is extendable to other oxygen-deficient metal oxides, in particular InNi 3 C 0.5 /Fe 3 O 4 , achieving 25.7% CO 2 conversion with 90.2% methanol selectivity at 325°C, 6.0 MPa, 36,000 ml g cat -1 hour -1 , and H 2 /CO 2 = 10:1. This affordable catalyst is stable for at least 500 hours and is also highly resistant to sulfur poisoning., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).)

Published
2021
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44. [Impacts of Meteorology and Emission Variations on PM 2.5 Concentration Throughout the Country During the 2020 Epidemic Period].

Author

Lu SZ, Shi XR, Xue WB, Lei Y, and Yan G

Subjects
Beijing, China, Cities, Environmental Monitoring, Meteorology, Particulate Matter analysis, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Epidemics
Abstract

This study analyzed the impacts of meteorological conditions and changes in air pollutant emissions on PM 2.5 across the country during the first quarter of 2020 based on the WRF-CMAQ model. Results showed that the variations in meteorological conditions led to a national PM 2.5 concentration decreased of 1.7% from 2020-01 to 2020-03, whereas it increased by 1.6% in January and decreased by 1.3% and 7.9% in February and March, respectively. The reduction of pollutants emissions led to a decrease of 14.1% in national PM 2.5 concentration during the first quarter of 2020 and a decrease of 4.0%, 25.7%, and 15.0% in January, February, and March, respectively. Compared to the same period last year, the PM 2.5 concentration measured in Wuhan City decreased more than in the entire country. This was caused by improved meteorological conditions and a higher reduction of pollutant emissions in Wuhan City. PM 2.5 in Beijing increased annually before the epidemic outbreak and during the strict control period, mainly due to unfavorable meteorological conditions. However, the decrease in PM 2.5 in Beijing compared to March 2019 was closely related to the substantial reduction of emissions. The measured PM 2.5 in the "2+26" cities, the Fenwei Plain and the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) decreased during the first quarter of 2020, with the largest drop occurring in the Yangtze River Delta due to higher YRD emissions reductions. The meteorological conditions of "2+26" cities and Fenwei Plain were unfavorable before the epidemic outbreak and greatly improved during the strict control period, whereas the Yangtze River Delta had the most favorable meteorological conditions in March. The decrease in PM 2.5 concentration caused by the reduction of pollutant emissions in the three key areas was highest during the strict control period.

Published
2021
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45. A Zeolitic-Imidazole Framework-Derived Trifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrazine Fuel Cells.

Author

Yan Y, Zhang JY, Shi XR, Zhu Y, Xia C, Zaman S, Hu X, Wang X, and Xia BY

Abstract

Hydrazine fuel cells are promising sustainable power sources. However, the high price and limited reserves of noble metal catalysts that promote the sluggish cathodic and anodic electrochemical reactions hinder their practical applications. Reflecting the enhanced diffusion and improved kinetics of nanostructured non-noble metal electrocatalysts, we report an efficient zeolitic-imidazole framework-derived trifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation, oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide reduction. Experimental results and theoretical calculations corroborate that the nanocarbon architecture with abundant Co-N species enhances the electronic interaction and optimizes the energy barriers of anodic hydrazine oxidation and cathodic oxygen reduction. The resulting assembled hydrazine-oxygen fuel cell yields a cell voltage and power density of 0.74 V and 20.5 mW cm -2 , respectively. Moreover, benefiting from the liquid-liquid diffusion, the hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide cell shows a boosted cell voltage and power density, corresponding to 1.68 V and 41.0 mW cm -2 . This work offers a highly active non-noble metal multifunctional electrocatalyst with a pioneering diffusion philosophy in the liquid electrochemical cells.

Published
2021
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46. Microbiota in Gut, Oral Cavity, and Mitral Valves Are Associated With Rheumatic Heart Disease.

Author

Shi XR, Chen BY, Lin WZ, Li YL, Wang YL, Liu Y, Huang JJ, Zhang WW, Ma XX, Shao S, Li RG, and Duan SZ

Subjects
Feces, Humans, Mitral Valve, Mouth, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Microbiota, Rheumatic Heart Disease
Abstract

Rheumatic heart disease refers to the long-term damage of heart valves and results from an autoimmune response to group A Streptococcus infection. This study aimed to analyze the microbiota composition of patients with rheumatic heart disease and explore potential function of microbiota in this disease. First, we revealed significant alterations of microbiota in feces, subgingival plaques, and saliva of the patients compared to control subjects using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Significantly different microbial diversity was observed in all three types of samples between the patients and control subjects. In the gut, the patients possessed higher levels of genera including Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium , and lower levels of genera including Lachnospira , Bacteroides , and Faecalibacterium . Coprococcus was identified as a super-generalist in fecal samples of the patients. Significant alterations were also observed in microbiota of subgingival plaques and saliva of the patients compared to control subjects. Second, we analyzed microbiota in mitral valves of the patients and identified microbes that could potentially transmit from the gut or oral cavity to heart valves, including Streptococcus . Third, we further analyzed the data using random forest model and demonstrated that microbiota in the gut, subgingival plaque or saliva could distinguish the patients from control subjects. Finally, we identified gut/oral microbes that significantly correlated with clinical indices of rheumatic heart disease. In conclusion, patients with rheumatic heart disease manifested important alterations in microbiota that might distinguish the patients from control subjects and correlated with severity of this disease., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Shi, Chen, Lin, Li, Wang, Liu, Huang, Zhang, Ma, Shao, Li and Duan.)

Published
2021
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47. FeCoP 2 Nanoparticles Embedded in N and P Co-doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

Author

Wang YN, Yang ZJ, Yang DH, Zhao L, Shi XR, Yang G, and Han BH

Abstract

The design and synthesis of low-cost and efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting are critical and challenging. Hereby, a bimetallic phosphide embedded in a N and P co-doped porous carbon (FeCoP 2 @NPPC) material was synthesized by using sustainable biomass-derived N- and P-containing carbohydrates and non-noble metal salts as precursors. The obtained material exhibits good catalytic activities in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and overall water splitting. The bimetallic alloy phosphide (FeCoP 2 ) is the active site for electrocatalysis. Theoretical calculation indicates that the sub-layer Fe atoms and top-layer Co atoms in FeCoP 2 exhibit a synergistic effect for enhanced electrocatalytic performance. The carbon matrix around the FeCoP 2 can prevent the corrosion during the catalytic reactions. The hierarchically porous structure of the FeCoP 2 @NPPC material can promote the transfer of electrons and electrolyte, and increase the contact area of the active sites and electrolytes. N- and P-containing functionalities improve the wetting and conductivity properties of the porous carbon. Due to the synergistic effects, FeCoP 2 @NPPC requires a low overpotential of 114 and 150 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm -2 for HER in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 and 1.0 M KOH, and an overpotential of 236 mV for OER in 1.0 M KOH solution, which are much lower than those of FeP@NPPC and CoP@NPPC. Based on the density functional theory calculation, FeCoP 2 yields the smallest Gibbs free energy change of rate-determining step among the samples, which leads to better electrochemical performances. In addition, when FeCoP 2 @NPPC was used as a bifunctional catalyst in water splitting, the electrolyzer needed a low voltage of 1.60 V to deliver the current density of 10 mA cm -2 . Furthermore, this work provides a strategy for preparing sustainable, stable, and highly active electrocatalysts for water splitting.

Published
2021
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48. [Mediating effect of milk intake between family socioeconomic status and body mass index of children and adolescents].

Author

Shi XR, An MJ, Chen TJ, and Ma J

Subjects
Adolescent, Animals, Body Mass Index, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Humans, Schools, Milk, Social Class
Abstract

Objective: To examine the association between family socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI) z -score of children and adolescents, and the mediating effect of milk intake in this association., Methods: In the study, 2 496 students and their parents were selected from 16 schools (4 urban middle schools, 4 rural middle schools, 4 urban primary schools, and 4 rural primary schools) using a stratified cluster sampling method. The frequency and amount of weekly milk intake from the 7-day Food Records reported by the students were extracted. The parents' education and household income were the indicators of family SES. The mediating effect of milk intake between family SES and BMI z -score of children and adolescents were tested using the PROCESS add-on SPSS software., Results: Parents' education level and household income were positively correlated with BMI z -score of children and adolescents ( P =0.001 and 0.038, respectively). The overall average daily intake of milk was (0.92±0.84) servings, and the frequency was (4.43±2.70) days per week. The students of primary school, in urban areas, with higher parents' education level, with higher household income, and being non-obese were likely to have higher frequency and amount of milk intake. Milk intake was one of the mediating factors in the relationship between family SES and BMI z -score of children and adolescents. Specifically, the mediating effect of the frequency of milk intake accounted for -6.57% and -10.21% of the total effects of the association between the parents' education and the household income with BMI z -score of children and adolescents, respectively. The mediating effect of the daily intake of milk accounted for -3.63% and -5.86% of the total effects of the association between the parents' education and the household income with BMI z -score of children and adolescents, respectively., Conclusion: The milk intake of Chinese children and adolescents still needs to be improved. High family SES was found to contribute to high BMI z -score, mediated by the milk intake which was the protective factors of BMI z -score. Further research is needed to study other dietary or physical exercise behaviors that mediate the relationship between family SES and BMI z -score of children and adolescents in order to adopt more targeted interventions.

Published
2021

49. Respiratory Variations in Peak Peripheral Artery Velocities and Waveforms for Rapid Assessment of Fluid Responsiveness in Traumatic Shock Patients.

Author

Zhang Q, Shi XR, Shan Y, Wan J, Ju X, Song X, Fan C, Lu X, Sun J, Duan L, Lin Z, and Liu J

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Carotid Arteries diagnostic imaging, Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity methods, Female, Femoral Artery diagnostic imaging, Fluid Therapy standards, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Respiration, Artificial methods, Shock, Traumatic diagnostic imaging, Shock, Traumatic therapy, Ultrasonography methods, Blood Flow Velocity, Fluid Therapy methods, Respiration, Shock, Traumatic diagnosis
Abstract

BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the correlation between the variability of the end-inspiratory and end-expiratory blood flow waveform and fluid responsiveness (FR) in traumatic shock patients who underwent mechanical ventilation by evaluating peripheral arterial blood flow parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of 60 patients with traumatic shock requiring mechanical ventilation-controlled breathing received ultrasound examinations to assess the velocity of carotid artery (CA), femoral artery (FA) and brachial artery (BA). A rehydration test was performed in which of 250 mL of 0.9% saline was administered within 30 min between the first and second measurement of cardiac output by echocardiography. Then, all patients were divided into 2 groups, a responsive group (FR+) and a non-responsive group (FR-). The velocity of end-inspiratory and end-expiratory peripheral arterial blood flow of all patients was ultrasonically measured, and the variability were measured between end-inspiratory and end-expiratory. RESULTS The changes in the end-inspiratory and end-expiratory carotid artery blood flow velocity waveforms of the FR+ groups were significantly different from those of the FR- group (P<0.001). A statistically significant difference in ΔVmax (CA), ΔVmax (BA), and ΔVmax (FA) between these 2 groups was found (all P<0.001). The ROC curve showed that DVmax (CA) and ΔVmax (BA) were more sensitive values to predict FR compared to ΔVmax (FA). The sensitivity of ΔVmax (CA), ΔVmax (FA), and ΔVmax (BA) was 70.0%, 86.7%, and 93.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that periodic velocity waveform changes in the end-inspiratory and end-expiratory peripheral arterial blood flow can be used for quick assessment of fluid responsiveness.

Published
2021
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50. [Effects of organic manure partial substitution for chemical fertilizer on the photosynthetic rate, nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice].

Author

Shi XR, Ren BB, Jiang LL, Fan SX, Cao YL, and Ma DR

Subjects
Agriculture, Manure, Nitrogen analysis, Soil, Fertilizers, Oryza
Abstract

Rational application of organic fertilizers is an effective approach to improve soil fertility, crop yield, and zero growth of chemical fertilizer in agricultural production. The rice variety 'Shennong9816' was planted in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, under seven different treatments: zero nitrogen fertilizer (CK), low nitrogen, 150 kg·hm -2 (LN), medium nitrogen, 240 kg·hm -2 (MN), high nitrogen, 330 kg·hm -2 (HN), medium nitrogen with replacement of chemical N by 10% organic manure (OMN 10 ), medium nitrogen with replacement of chemical N by 20% organic manure (OMN 20 ), and medium nitrogen with replacement of chemical N by 30% organic manure (OMN 30 ). The effects of different treatments on photosynthetic rate, nitrogen absorption, nitrogen use efficiency, and yield were examined and the optimal fertilization scheme was determined. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate, biomass and yield were increased with the increases of nitrogen application rate, while the nitrogen use efficiency was decreased significantly. Compared with the MN treatment, the photosynthetic rate of OMN 10 and OMN 20 in filling stage was increased by 22.9% and 9.9%, respectively. The yield of OMN 20 was increased by 3.8% compared to that of MN. The nitrogen agronomic efficiency and physiological efficiency of OMN 20 were significantly improved by 8.1% and 13.3%, respectively. Moreover, the nitrogen agronomic efficiency and physiological efficiency of OMN 20 were improved by 27.2% and 37.2% compared with the HN treatment. Thus, we concluded that the organic fertilizer replacement treatment could conserve soil fertility, achieve high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency, while reduce chemical nitrogen fertilizer application. The OMN 20 treatment was recommended as a fertilizer application model due to its superior performance among the seven treatments.

Published
2021
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