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Lunar mare basalt is recognized as an important in situ resource on the lunar surface. However, the significant compositional variability of lunar mare basalts introduces uncertainties concerning the potential for their use in fabricating fibers and composite materials. This study investigates the impact of different components on the fiber-forming capabilities of mare basalts by simulating the compositions of basalts collected from several well-known lunar missions and then preparing simulated lunar mare basalt fibers. Raman spectroscopy is primarily employed for analysis and characterization, using "peak area normalization" to explore the impact of compositional fluctuations in the simulated lunar mare basalts on the glass network structure. The findings indicate that an increase in the Fe content raises the likelihood of basalt fibers crystallizing. Additionally, Fe3+ is shown to substitute for Si and Al in constructing bridging oxygen bonds in the network structure, albeit reducing the overall polymerization of the network. Meanwhile, Fe2+ acts as a network modifier to enhance the mechanical properties of the fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The light transmittance of greenhouse surface directly affects the illumination of greenhouse, and will eventually affect the indoor ground temperature, temperature, humidity and Photosynthesis of crops, thus affecting the growth of crops. As a modern greenhouse maintenance and cleaning equipment, greenhouse cleaning machine plays an active role in improving the light transmittance of greenhouse and improving the production efficiency of farmers. This paper mainly expounds the structure, principle and method of different kinds of greenhouse cleaning machines in China and abroad, analyzes the current development situation and prospects of greenhouse cleaning equipment, and puts forward some suggestions.

N-Dodecyl- N, N-di(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide (CDHEAO) and N-stearyl- N, N-di(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide (CDHEAO) were synthesized with N-alkyl-diethanolamine and hydrogen peroxide. Their chemical structures were confirmed using H-NMR spectra, mass spectral fragmentation and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. It was found that CDHEAO and CDHEAO reduced the surface tension of water to a minimum value of approximately 28.75 mN m at concentration of 2.48 × 10 mol L and 32.45 mN m at concentration of 5.21 × 10 mol L, respectively. The minimum interfacial tension (IFT) and the dynamic interfacial tension (DIT) of oil-water system were measured. When CDHEAO concentration was in the range of 0.1-0.5%, the IFT between liquid paraffin and CDHEAO solutions all reached the ultra-low interfacial tension. Furthermore, their foam properties were investigated by Ross-Miles method, and the height of foam of CDHEAO was 183 mm. It was also found that they showed strong emulsifying power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction of stable 3D networks directly on the inner wall of microchannels is of great importance for various microfluidic applications. 3D nest-like networks with large contact surface areas and excellent structural stability are fabricated via a facile, template-free, continuous fluid construction process directly in confined microchannels. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is chosen as a model albumin to test the adsorption of the network modified microchannel to the target albumin. The high structural stability of the networks is confirmed both by finite element analysis (FEA) simulation and recycling experiments for BSA enrichment. ZnS shells are fabricated based on the original 3D Zn(OH)F networks through in situ chemical conversion. The nest-like networks decorated with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) serve as 3D substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), exhibiting excellent sensitivity for rapid detection of trace 10−12 mol L−1 (1 pM) BSA. Three different gap sizes between Ag NPs in the 3D geometry create a large number of SERS hot spots that contribute to the high sensitivity of the networks. Furthermore, a transparent, flexible, microfluidic device containing the 3D nest-like structures exhibits excellent recyclability and flexible stability for trace BSA enrichment, showing potential for application in online SERS detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Highly dispersed Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/polypyrrole (CZFO/PPy) nanocomposites with enhanced electromagnetic properties and large surface area were rapidly and controllably prepared using microfluidic reactors. A novel magnetically controllable microdevice using the new adsorbent in a highly dispersed form was assembled and used for fluoride adsorption. Compared with traditional adsorption methods, the device displayed high adsorption efficiency and capacity. The adsorbents were regenerated with no significant loss in defluoridation ability, which indicates that the device is a realistic and highly efficient alternative way of removing fluoride pollution at low cost. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Zn1−x Ni x O (x=0–0.25) hierarchical microspheres were synthesized via a solvothermal process in ethylene glycol. The magnetic microspheres were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, room-temperature photoluminescence spectra, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The as-prepared samples take on a well-defined spherical architecture following the processes of spontaneous aggregation and localized Ostwald ripening. Dependence of the magnetization and morphology on Ni2+ content was observed. Magnetic hysteresis loops reveal that the Ni-doped ZnO microspheres exhibit ferromagnetic loops at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional (3D) quasi-vertical nanosheet (QVNS) architectures are of great importance in the application of electrochromic devices due to its 3D porous structures, large surface area and lamellar permeable space of nanosheets. In this study, we demonstrate successful preparing of WO 3 ·2H 2 O nanosheets via a novel and facile solution route and repurposing the typical electrodeposition technique to obtain 3D QVNS electrodes. The electrode was successfully assembled into an electrochromic device which exhibits good electrochromic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Transparent and surfactant-free TiO2 sols containing anatase nanocrystals were prepared by the hydrothermal treatment of water-soluble peroxotitanium acid (PTA) at a temperature of 120°C. The TiO2 nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM results indicated that the TiO2 nanocrystals were nanorod-like with diameters of less than 7nm after the subsequently hydrothermal treatment. A gradient layer between the transparent fluorine doped SnO2 (FTO) layer and the porous titanium dioxide nanocrystalline film for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) photoelectrodes, was made with the as-prepared TiO2 sols. The TiO2 gradient layers were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and UV–vis absorption spectrometry. After the gradient layer deposition on the FTO coated glass, the composite multilayer film exhibited the visible light transmittance of 80% which approached to that of bare FTO glass. The photo-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of the N719 dye-sensitized solar cell had significantly improved from 4.2% to 5.6% in the presence of the compact layer between FTO and the porous TiO2 nanocrystalline film under of AM1.5 illumination (100mW/cm2). The remarkable improvements in short-circuit current for the DSSCs was due to the effective gradient layer at the FTO–TiO2 interface which prevented direct contact of electrolytes with FTO and consequently reduced charge recombination losses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]