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Objective To investigate the effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on the clinical efficacy and incidence of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in 379 patients with Ⅲb-Ⅳ NSCLC who received at least 2 times of ICIs treatment in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2019 to August 2021. According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2021 and diagnostic criteria of COPD by chest high-resolution CT scans, 184 patients were assigned into NSCLC combined with COPD group (NSCLC-COPD group) and 195 into the simple NSCLC group (NSCLC group). The efficacy indicators of end points included objective response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and incidence of CIP. The effects of COPD on the efficacy of ICIs and incidence of CIP were analyzed in these NSCLC patients. Results The ORR was significantly better in the NSCLC-COPD group than the NSCLC group (45.7% vs 35.4%, P=0.042). Multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment for confounding factors showed that complication of COPD was an independent prognostic factor of ORR (HR=0.587, 95%CI: 0.379~0.909, P=0.017). The median PFS of the NSCLC-COPD group was obviously longer than that of the NSCLC group (14.6 vs 10.9 months, P=0.023). Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that COPD might be a factor for good prognosis of PFS (HR=0.768, 95%CI: 0.581~1.015, P=0.064). No significant correlation was observed between COPD and OS. Among the 13 patients with CIP in all these patients, 9 patients (4.9%) were in the NSCLC-COPD group and 4 patients (2.1%) in NSCLC group. There was no statistical difference between the 2 groups (P=0.162). Conclusion ICIs result in better ORR and PFS in NSCLC-COPD patients than those only NSCLC, suggesting that COPD is a potential predictor of better response to ICIs. The presence of COPD does not increase the risk of CIP.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ADAP2 gene and immune infiltration in tumor microenvironment in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and to explore the prognostic values of ADAP2 in patients with LUSC. Methods The clinical information of patients with LUSC as well as the data of ADAP2 mRNA levels in cancer tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The association between ADAP2 gene and prognosis of patients was subsequently analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox risk model analyses. xCell database was adopted to analyze the correlation of ADAP2 expression with immune infiltration in tumor microenvironment. Immunofluorescence double-staining test was employed to observe the co-localization of ADAP2 protein and CD163 (a specific biomarker of M2 macrophage). Results Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the expression of ADAP2 was an independent prognostic factor for LUSC patients, and its high expression was closely associated with the poor prognosis of patients (HR=1.533, 95%CI: 1.139~2.064, P=0.005). xCell analysis indicated that ADAP2 gene was positively correlated with both the tumor microenvironment score (r=0.609, 95%CI: 0.550~0.661, P < 0.001), and the immune infiltration score (r=0.596, 95%CI: 0.536~0.650, P < 0.001), and the expression of ADAP2 also showed a high positive association with mononuclear phagocyte system (macrophage, macrophage M1, macrophage M2 and monocyte) in LUSC (r=0.737, 0.718, 0.603 and 0.631, respectively, P < 0.001). Moreover, ADAP2 presented co-localization with CD163 and was mainly expressed in the cell membrane. Conclusion ADAP2 can act as a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy in LUSC.

High-performance p-B-n infrared photodetectors based on In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As / Ga 0.51 As 0.49 Sb type-II superlattices with an Al 0.85 Ga 0.15 AsSb barrier on an InP substrate have been demonstrated. These photodetectors exhibit 50% and 100% cutoff wavelengths of ∼ 2.1 μm and ∼ 2.6 μm, respectively. At a bias voltage of −100 mV bias voltage, the device exhibits a peak responsivity of 0.618 A/W at 2.1 μm, corresponding to a quantum efficiency of 36.5%. The device exhibits a saturated dark current shot noise limited specific detectivity (D*) of 4.12 × 10 10 cm · Hz 1 / 2 / W (at a peak responsivity of 2.1 μm) under −100 mV applied bias at 300 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving high operating temperature (HOT) plays a crucial role in miniaturizing type-II superlattice (T2SL) mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) focal plane arrays (FPAs). However, their full potential has yet to be realized due to a lack of complete understanding of their operation from the perspective of detection principles. Here, by investigating the photon transmission path and optoelectronic performance of the simulated devices, a detailed noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) model of the T2SL MWIR FPAs was established. The NETD limitations in the optics-limited and detector-limited modes were revealed by studying the effects of the source, optical system, and FPA-related parameters. Although NETD exhibits sensitivity to dark currents, improvements in the quantum efficiency and well capacity can further boost its performance. When the defects and carrier lifetimes are well controlled to completely suppress the dark current, the NETD of an MWIR system with optimized integration times, which operates between 150 K and 200 K, is predicted to be below 10 mK when detecting room-temperature targets. The results provide new insights into the model and sources contributing to the NETD and demonstrate the possibility of high-temperature operation of T2SLs MWIR FPAs.