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Aysever, Meriç Lütfi (Aksaray, Yazar) Aksoy, Adil (Aksaray, Yazar), Mycobacterial diseases still have a global impact on human and animal health as well as being the cause of great economic losses. Mycobacterium bovis is the most important tuberculosis agent in animal husbandry, especially in cattle farming. This bacterium also plays a significant role in human infections as it is the second most important tuberculosis agent after Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this work, internal organ samples of four cattle and two goats from six slaughterhouses in the Aegean region (Aydın, Manisa, Muğla, İzmir provinces) presented to the laboratory for tuberculosis diagnosis between 2010-2015 were used. Histopathologic examination and inoculations into Lowenstein-Jensen and BACTEC MGIT 960 liquid media were carried out from these samples. Genotypes of the isolates were determined by spoligotyping. All six isolates were M. bovis SIT 685, BOV. This genotype was previously reported from Argentina, Brazil, Germany, France, Ireland and Great Britain at a low frequency and is considered to be uncommon throughout the world. However, this pattern (SIT 685, BOV) from M. bovis isolated from farm animals in the Aegean region of Turkey shows homology with M. bovis isolates’spoligotyping results from humans in the same region. This result might indicate a possible animal to human transmission of M. bovis. On the other hand, this spoligotype (SIT 685, BOV) was also reported from human samples in the Marmara region of Turkey. Therefore, it can be assumed that this genotype affects a significant portion of the human population in Turkey. As a result of this work, SIT 685, BOV of M. bovis which causes disease in farm animals in Turkey, is reported for the first time, data possibly strengthening the zoonotic aspect of the agent is acquired and attention is drawn to the prevalence of M. bovis SIT 685, BOV in people in Turkey., Mikobakteri türlerinin neden olduğu hastalıklar dünyada hala ciddi bir sorundur ve büyük ekonomik kayıplara sebep olmaktadır. Hayvancılık sektöründe başta sığırlar olmak üzere, pek çok ruminantta hastalık oluşturabilen en önemli mikobakteri türü Mycobacterium bovis’tir. Bu etken insanlardaki tüberküloz hastalığının etiyolojisinde de rol oynar ve insanlarda Myobacterium tuberculosis’ten sonraki en önemli tüberküloz etkenidir. Bu çalışmada, 2010-2015 yılları arasında, Ege bölgesindeki (Aydın, Manisa, Muğla, İzmir illeri) altı mezbahadan tüberküloz şüphesi için laboratuvara gönderilmiş dört sığır ve iki keçiye ait iç organ örnekleri kullanıldı. Organ örneklerinin histopatolojik muayenesi ile Lowenstein-Jensen ve BACTEC MGIT 960 sıvı besi yerlerine bakteriyel ekimleri yapıldı. Üreyen bakteriler spoligotiplendirme yöntemiyle genotiplendirildi. Altı izolatın da M. bovis SIT685, BOV olduğu görüldü. Bu genotip Arjantin, Brezilya, Almanya, Fransa, İrlanda ve İngiltere (GBR)’den az sayıda bildirilmiş olup, dünyada yaygın olarak görülmemektedir. Ayrıca, Ege bölgesindeki çiftlik hayvanlarından izole edilen M. bovis’e ait bu patern (SIT 685, BOV) Ege Bölgesi’nde insanlardan izole edilen M. bovis izolatlarına ait spoligotiplendirme paternleri ile homoloji göstermektedir. Bu veri M. bovis’in hayvanlardan insanlara bulaştığı görüşüne destek verebilir. Diğer taraftan bu spoligotip (SIT 685, BOV) Marmara bölgesindeki insanlarda da bildirilmiş olup, Türkiye’deki insan populasyonunun büyük bir bölümünü etkiliyor gibi görünmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki çiftlik hayvanlarında hastalık oluşturan M. bovis’e ait SIT 685, BOV spoligotiplendirme paterni ilk kez bildirilmiş, etkenin zoonotik yönünü güçlendirecek olası veriler elde edilmiş ve M. bovis SIT685, BOV’un ülkemiz insanlarındaki yaygınlığına dikkat çekilmiştir.

Neonatal diarrhoea is a serious health problem on commercial farms. EnterovirulentEscherichia coliis a significant aetiological agent of neonatal diarrhoea. In this work, identification and classification ofE. coliisolates obtained from lambs and goat kids with diarrhoea were studied along with antibiotic resistance and clonal relationships of enterovirulent strains. A total of 107E. colistrains isolated from animals on 43 farms were investigated. Specific virulence genes were determined by multiplex and uniplex polymerase chain reaction. Testing of antibiotic susceptibility was carried out by the Vitek II compact system. The relationship ofE. coliisolates was determined by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction. A total of 39 (36.4%) enterovirulentE. colistrains were identified and of this 19 (48.7%) were shiga toxigenic, 12 (30.8%) enterotoxigenic and 8 (20.5%) enteropathogenic. Three isolates (7.7%) were found to be positive for extended spectrum beta lactamase; 10 (25.6%) isolates showed multi-drug resistance to antimicrobials. A total of 28 types were detected by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction. Twenty strains had distinct types while 5 types were common for 2 strains and 3 types were common for 3 strains. This is the first current determination of types, clonality and antibiotic resistance of enterovirulentE. coliisolated from small ruminants with diarrhoea. The results of this study showed that the rates of shiga toxigenic, enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic isolates ofE. coliare high in the western part of Turkey. Although these isolates were not clonal, presence of multidrug resistant isolates may cause public health problems.

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli was isolated from the internal organs and intestinal contents of 3 land turtles submitted to the laboratory for diagnostic purposes from a turtle farm located in western Turkey. As a result of the antibiotic susceptibility testing, isolates showed intermediated susceptibility to ceftiofur and gentamycine. This is the first report of the disease in turtles in Turkey Türkiye’nin batısındaki bir kaplumbağa çiftliğinden hastalık teşhisi amacıyla gönderilen üç yavru kara kaplumbağasınıniç organ örnekleri ve bağırsak içeriklerinden enteropathogenic Escherichia coli izole edildi. Yapılan antibiyogram testinde izolatlarınceftiofur ve gentamisine orta derecede duyarlı olduğu tespit edildi. Bu veriler ülkemizde kaplumbağalardan sağlanan ilk hastalıkverileridir., Türkiye’nin batısındaki bir kaplumbağa çiftliğinden hastalık teşhisi amacıyla gönderilen üç yavru kara kaplumbağasının iç organ örnekleri ve bağırsak içeriklerinden enteropathogenic Escherichia coli izole edildi. Yapılan antibiyogram testinde izolatların ceftiofur ve gentamisine orta derecede duyarlı olduğu tespit edildi. Bu veriler ülkemizde kaplumbağalardan sağlanan ilk hastalık verileridirEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli was isolated from the internal organs and intestinal contents of 3 land turtlessubmitted to the laboratory for diagnostic purposes from a turtle farm located in western Turkey. As a result of the antibioticsusceptibility testing, isolates showed intermediated susceptibility to ceftiofur and gentamycine. This is the first report of the diseasein turtles in Turkey

Five dead Holland lop breed rabbits bought from a pet shop and reared in a garden were presented to our laboratory with diarrhea and mortality as symptoms. Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from the internal organs and fecal samples of these rabbits and the case is presented.

In this work, 51 V. anguillarum isolates (42/51 of O1 serotype, 9/51 of O2) obtained from cultivated marine fish by Avsever and Un (2015) were used. These isolates were confirmed with universal primers specific to amiB genes. They were also detected successfully at a rate of 100% with a new primer couple designed according to 16S ribosomal RNA sequence. The new primers were found to have a high sensitivity and specificity but were liable to give a cross-reaction with Vibrio ordalii. The IJA appears exclusively as a peer-reviewed on-line open-access journal at http://www.siamb.org.il/. To read papers free of charge, please register online at registration form. Sale of IJA papers is strictly forbidden.