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Produksi kacang hijau di provinsi Lampung mengalami penurunan. Penurunan produksi kacang hijau ini disebabkan karena tingkat kesuburan tanah yang rendah. Upaya untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah yang rendah dilakukan dengan pengolahan tanah dan pemupukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh sistem olah tanah dan pemupukan terhadap respirasi dan biomassa karbon mikroorganisme tanah (C-mik). Penelitian ini dirancang dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial (2×2) dengan 4 kelompok. Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan sistem olah tanah (T) yaitu T1 = olah tanah minimum, dan T2 = olah tanah intensif. Faktor kedua dalam penelitian ini adalah pemupukan (P) yaitu P0 = tanpa pemupukan dan P1 = Pemupukan kotoran ayam 1.000 kg ha-1 + NPK majemuk (16:16:16) 200 kg ha-1. Pengamatan dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali pengamatan yaitu 0, 7, 30, dan 60 HST (hari setelah tanam). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis ragam pada taraf 5% yang terlebih dahulu diuji homogenitas ragamnya dengan menggunakan Uji Bartlett dan additivitasnya diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Data diuji lanjut menggunakan uji BNT taraf 5 %. Uji korelasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel pendukung dan variabel utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respirasi tanah lebih tinggi pada perlakuan olah tanah intensif daripada perlakuan olah tanah minimum pada pengamatan 7 dan 30 HST. Begitu juga biomassa C-mik tanah lebih tinggi pada perlakuan olah tanah intensif daripada perlakuan olah tanah minimum pada pengamatan 30 dan 60 HST. Perlakuan pemupukan tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan respirasi tanah dan biomassa C-mik. Interaksi perlakuan olah tanah intensif + tanpa pemupukan berpengaruh nyata dalam meningatkan biomassa C-mik pada pengamatan 7 HST. Terdapat korelasi positif antara C-organik dengan respirasi tanah pada pengamatan 30 HST dan pH tanah dengan biomassa C-mik tanah pada pengamatan 0 HST.

Tanaman spatifilum merupakan salah satu tanaman hias indoor yang tampak elegan karena memiliki bunga putih bersih yang kontras dengan daun hijau tua dan dapat menyerap polutan dalam ruangan. Nilai keindahan tanaman ini menjadi sorotan konsumen sehingga perlu diupayakan, salah satunya dengan pemberian paklobutrazol dan pemberian pupuk NPK. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk NPK dan pemberian paklobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan spatifilum. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada September 2021 hingga Januari 2022 di Rumah Kaca Hortikultura Lantai 4, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Perlakuan diterapkan dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) secara faktorial 3 x 2 dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu dosis pupuk NPK 0 g pot-1 (N0), 6 g pot-1 (N1), dan 12 g pot-1 (N2). Faktor kedua tanpa paklobutrazol (P0) dan pemberian paklobutrazol 400 ppm (P1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk NPK dosis 6 g pot-1 dan 12 g pot-1 pada tanaman spatifilum mampu meningkatkan tingkat kehijauan daun, penambahan jumlah daun, dan penambahan tinggi tanaman yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan tanpa pupuk NPK. Tanaman spatifilum yang diberi pupuk NPK dosis 12 g pot-1 tanpa paklobutrazol cenderung menghasilkan jumlah bunga terbanyak, tetapi jika diberi pupuk NPK dosis 6 g pot-1 maka perlu pemberian paklobutrazol untuk memacu pembungaan. Pemberian paklobutrazol pada tanaman spatifilum lebih tinggi sebesar 1,29 unit dibandingkan dengan tanpa paklobutrazol dan efektif dalam menekan penambahan tinggi tanaman spatifilum. Kedua perlakuan tersebut tidak menunjukkan adanya interaksi.

Respirasi tanah merupakan salah satu indikator dari aktivitas biologi tanah seperti mikroba, akar tanaman atau kehidupan lain di dalam tanah, dan aktivitas ini sangat penting untuk ekosistem di dalam tanah. Penetapan respirasi tanah didasarkan pada penetapan CO2 yang dihasilkan mikroorganisme, jumlah O2 yang digunakan mikroorganisme tanah. Pada percobaan ini akan dilihat pemupukan dan sistem olah tanah terhadap laju respirasi tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sistem olah tanah dan pemupukan Nitrogen terhadap aktivitas mikroorganisme tanah, dalam hal ini respirasi tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Politeknik Negeri Lampung pada bulan November 2018 sampai Februari 2019. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), yang disusun secara faktorial 2 x 3. Faktor pertama yaitu aplikasi pemupukan terdiri dari pemupukan (N2) dan tanpa pemupukan (N0), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah sistem olah tanah terdiri dari olah tanah intensif (T1), olah tanah minimum (T2), dan tanpa olah tanah (T3). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam pada taraf 5% yang sebelumnya telah diuji homogenitas ragamnya dengan Uji Barlett dan aditifitasnya dengan Uji Tukey. Rata-rata nilai tengah diuji dengan uji BNT pada taraf 5%. Uji korelasi untuk mengetahui hubungan antara C-organik, kadar air tanah, suhu tanah, dan pH tanah dengan respirasi tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara pemupukan Nitrogen dan sistem olah tanah berpengaruh nyata terhadap laju respirasi tanah pada 45 HST. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara C-organik tanah, kadar air tanah, suhu tanah, dan pH tanah terhadap respirasi tanah.

Studying the weathering process in pristine volcanic materials is crucial as this process will determine further soil characteristics. Mount Anak Krakatau is reported as one of the fastest-growing volcanoes. This volcano erupted powerfully in December 2018, ejecting tons of volcanic materials. These materials are considered pristine and unweathered tephra. Hence, a leaching experiment can be one of the crucial methods to predict further soil characteristics formed as climatic factors. Tephra sampling was conducted on 13 Augustus 2019 or eight months after the massive eruption of Mount Anak Krakatau in December 2018. Tephra samples were leached by deionized water (H2O), oxalic acid (H2C2O4) 0.02 M, and citric acid (C6H8O7) 0.02 M (solvents) for 90 days. pH of tephra increased approximately from (3.95– 4.99 ) to (5.12–8.11). Organic-C rose about 0.2 to 1 point higher than organic-C of tephra before the leaching experiment. The increasing value of organic-C was predicted to increase CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity) (2.13–5.36 cmolc kg-1). After the leaching experiment, the tephra’s surface was weathered clearly as an impact of solvents and the growing of algae.

Erosi merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya degradasi lahan yang dapat menyebabkan hilangnya unsur hara dan bahan organik dari perakaran tanah. Hilangnya unsur hara dan bahan organik dari daerah perakaran tanah akan menimbulkan penurunan produksi tanaman. Pembuatan guludan dan pemberian pupuk merupakan upaya untuk mengurangi terjadinya erosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh guludan dan pemupukan terhadap kehilangan unsur hara dan C-Organik akibat erosi serta produksi singkong. Penelitian tahun ketujuh ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari—Desember 2021 di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan dua faktor perlakuan yaitu guludan dan pemupukan dengan empat kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan guludan memotong lereng memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam mengurangi kehilangan unsur hara dan C-Organik dibandingkan guludan searah lereng, namun tidak mempengaruhi produksi singkong. Sebaliknya perlakuan pemberian pupuk menghasilkan produksi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pemberian pupuk, namun tidak berpengaruh pada kehilangan unsur hara dan C-Organik.

Ultisol soil has a low organic matter content, CEC, and pH, causing an insufficient buffering capacity for N nutrients, especially NH4+. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of tillage and fertilization on the quantity and intensity (Q/I) of Ammonium (CRNH40, PBCNH4+, NH40, KG) in the soil, plant N and C uptake, and mung bean yields at the sixth growing season in ultisols. This study was arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was the tillage system (T), namely minimum tillage (T0) and intensive tillage (T1). The second factor was the fertilization (P), namely without fertilizer application (P0), and with fertilizer application (NPK 200 kg ha-1 + 1 Mg ha-1 chicken manure) (P1). Each treatment was replicated four times. The results showed that the application of NPK fertilizer significantly affected the mung bean yield, mung bean plant Nitrogen and Carbon uptake at harvest time. While, the intensive tillage had a very significant effect on increasing the N uptake compared to the minimum tillage. Minimum tillage and fertilization increased Q/I parameters (PBCNH4+, KG, CRNH40, and NH40). The parameter of Q/I (CRNH40) was significantly correlated with mung bean plant N and C uptake. PBCNH4+ and KG were significantly correlated with mung bean yields.

Ubi kayu dianggap sebagai tanaman yang menguruskan tanah, karena banyak mengambil unsur hara dan dianggap kurang mampu melindungi tanah dari pukulan air hujan sehingga menjadikan lahan ubi kayu peka terhadap erosi. Tindakan konservasi tanah berupa pembuatan guludan dan pemberian pupuk organonitrofos merupakan upaya untuk mengurangi laju aliran permukaan dan erosi khususnya pada lahan pertanaman singkong varietas Gajah (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh guludan dan pupuk organonitrofos terhadap aliran permukaan dan erosi pada pertanaman singkong. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu dan Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung pada bulan Januari hingga Oktober 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) faktorial 2 x 2, dengan 4 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 16 satuan percobaan. Faktor pertama adalah tindakan konservasi yang terdiri dari G1 (guludan searah lereng) dan G2 (guludan memotong lereng), dan faktor kedua meliputi pemberian pupuk organik organonitrofos yang terdiri dari P0 (tanpa pupuk organonitrofos) dan P1 (pupuk organonitrofos dengan dosis 40 ton ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan guludan memotong lereng lebih baik dalam mengurangi aliran permukaan dan erosi dibandingkan guludan searah lereng pada pertanaman singkong Gajah. Aliran permukaan 279,44 mm menjadi 213,68 mm (23,53%) dan erosi 35,30 ton ha-1 menjadi 9,54 ton ha-1 (72,97%). Selain itu, Pemberian pupuk organonitrofos 40 ton ha-1 memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam mengurangi aliran permukaan dan erosi dibandingkan tanpa pupuk organonitrofos. Aliran permukaan 286,42 mm menjadi 206,69 mm (27,83%) dan erosi 27,19 ton ha-1 menjadi 17,65 ton ha-1(35,08%).

Several particular plants are suggested to extract significant parts of heavy metals from soils and accumulate them in their roots and shoots. This research aimed to study the phytoextraction of Cu by several plants from heavy-metal contaminated tropical soils. Soil samples collected from plots treated in 1998 with 0, 15 and 60 Mg industrial waste ha-1 were planted with three different plants, i.e., caisim, water spinach, and lettuce. Plant parts (roots and shoots) and soil samples were harvested after a four-week growth period and analyzed for plant and soil Cu. The results show that the growth of plants was depressed by the increase in the soil Cu (extracted by 1 N HNO3) as affected by waste levels, with water spinach being the most progressive and produced the most significant biomass. The absorption of Cu by caisim and water spinach increased with the soil extracted Cu (linear R2 = 0.71* for caisim and 0.32* for water spinach) and accumulated greater in plant roots than that in shoots. The translocation factor (TF << 1.00) indicates that all plants were good Cu phytostabilizators rather than phytoextractors, with water spinach being the best Cu extractor.

Anak Krakatau volcano is one of the famous volcanic mountains located in the sea to the south part of the Province of Lampung, Indonesia. The volcano was derived from the active Krakatau caldera that first appeared on the surface in 1930 or 47 years after the eruption of Krakatau in 1883. The materials produced by the Anak Krakatau eruption were very interesting related to soil forming materials, especially their physical and chemical properties. The objectives of this study were to present information about the texture and chemical properties of soil from Anak Krakatau Mountain taken at the southeast slope before the December 2018 eruption at two different depths. This study was conducted in March to September 2019 which consisted of two parts: (1) soil survey in the field and (2) soil analysis in the laboratory. Soil samples were taken from a toposequence at seven points with an interval about 15m above sea level (asl) on the southeast slope (approaching northeast) of the Anak Krakatau in July 2018 at the depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. The soil texture of Anak Krakatau mountain before eruption in December 2018 was sandy with the percentage of sand 98.82 - 99.59%; silt 0 - 0.59%; and clay 0.41 - 0.74%. The soil chemical properties of Anak Krakatau mountain were soil pH (H2O) 4.95 – 6.27; soil pH (KCl) 4.75 – 5.89; Cation Exchange Capacity 0.41 – 2.02 cmol(+) kg-1; Base Saturation 117.24 – 514.63%; CaO 2.63 – 6.34%; MgO 3.06 – 6.13%; K2O 0.019 – 0.034%; Na2O 0.035 – 0.080%; P-retention 82.10 – 84.74%; and organic carbon 0.06 – 0.72%. The SEM-EDX analysis showed that the amounts of Mg and Na were more than 1% and there were several trace elements present in Anak Krakatau soil, namely Sb (Stibium), Nb (Niobium), Y (Yttrium), F (Flour), Co (Cobalt), and Ba (Barium).

Earthworms are important soil biota that can be used as an indicator of soil fertility. Soil tillage systems and application of organic mulch will affect the activity of earthworms. This research was aimed to study the effect of tillage systems and the application of in situ mulch, and their interactions on the population and the biomass of earthworms. The study was conducted from April to July 2017 at the Integrated Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) in a factorial treatment with two factors. The first factor was the tillage system which consisted of the minimum tillage and the intensive tillage. The second factor was the application of in situ mulch, which consisted of the application of 0 Mg ha-1 or without mulch and the application of 5 Mg ha-1 in situ mulch.The data obtained were tested for homogeneity of variance with the Bartlett Test and its additivity with the Tukey Test. Data were further analyzed for the analysis of variance and for the LSD’s Test at the level of 5%. The relationship between soil temperature, soil moisture content, soil organic-C and soil pH with population and biomass earthworm was tested by correlation test. The results showed that the earthworm population and the earthworm biomass at 80 DAP in the minimum tillage was higher than that of the intensive tillage. The earthworm population for all detected planting stages (before tillage, 40 DAP and 80 DAP) with the of application of 5 Mg ha-1 in situ mulch was higher than that of the application of no mulch. There is no interaction between the tillage system and the application of in situ mulch at 0 DAP, 40 DAP, and 80 DAP. The genus of earthworms found in all treatment plots was genus Pheretima under the family of Megascolecidae.

The utilization of red mud, which is a residue from the extraction of aluminum from mined bauxite ore, as a plant growing medium, needs to be studied further. There are some chemical aspects that may hinder the growth of, or even cause mortality in, plants such as very high pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable Na (Naexch), and very low nutrient elements content. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adding Ultisol soil material, mixed with compost, both soil ameliorating agents, to red mud for use as a growing medium for Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) seedlings. This study was conducted in two stages, namely: washing of the red mud, and trial planting in the greenhouse using different combinations of the soil ameliorants. Washing of the red mud with tap water was intended to reduce the levels of Na, EC, and pH. Trial planting in the greenhouse was carried out in 2-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Factor 1 was the proportion of the mixture of Ultisol soil material (sm-Ultisol) and red mud, viz: (1) 1500 g red mud + 0 g sm-Ultisol, (2) 1000 g red mud + 500 g sm-Ultisol, and (3) 750 g red mud + 750 g sm-Ultisol. Factor 2 was the dosage of compost that was mixed with the red mud and sm-Ultisol, namely: 0, 58.6, and 117.2 g/polybag which corresponded to 0, 2.5 and 5 kg/planting hole, respectively. The results of the trial indicated that washing the red mud could reduce the level of EC from 28.70 dS m-1 to 2.68 dS m-1; but it reduced pH and Naexch only from 11.91 and 149.38 cmol(+)kg-1 to become 10.55, and 66.74 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively. A better outcome was obtained after the red mud was washed and then, mixed with sm-Ultisol up to 1:1 proportion in which resulted in lower rates of pH, EC, and Naexch from 10.28, 2.53 dS m-1 and 62.79 cmol(+) kg-1 to 8.65, 2.07 dS m-1 and 45.01 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively. The treatment of using a mixture of 750 g red mud + 750 g sm-Ultisol, and adding compost at 117.18 g/polybag gave the best result in improving the chemical property of the red mud growing medium, and producing the best plant growth among all treatment combinations.