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Compulsive buying is a potentially dangerous and addictive behavior that causes a series of negative psychological and social consequences. So, the aim of current study was to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem and self- control in the relationship between family functioning and compulsive buying behavior. The research design was descriptive – correlational. From the female adolescents’ population of Nourabad high school students in academic year of 1398-1399, a total of 307 subjects were selected via multistage cluster sampling method and were tested by Family Assessment Device, Edwards Compulsive Buying Scale, Self- control Questionnaire and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. To analyze the data structural equation modeling were conducted.The results showed that direct effect of family functioning on compulsive buying behavior was significantly positive, the direct effect of self-esteem and direct effect of self-control on compulsive buying behavior were significantly negative. Also, results showed that the mediating role of self-esteem and self-control in the relationship between family functioning and compulsive buying behavior was significant. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that family functioning, self-esteem, and self- control are important factors affecting female adolescents’ compulsive buying Behavior.

Victimization by peers and siblings is associated with poorer mental health outcomes in adolescence. What is less clear is whether mental health outcomes improve if victimization experiences cease (e.g., being victimized in primary school but not secondary school). This study aims to explore how changes in victimization experiences are associated with changes in mental health outcomes in early adolescence. Data are from 13,912 participants in the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), a nationally representative cohort of individuals born in the UK. Self-reported victimization by peers and siblings, as well as mental health outcomes (depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and body image), were collected at age 11 and age 14. Victimization at either time point was associated with poorer mental health across the range of outcomes, with effects largest for those who were consistently victimized. Those who reported increasing victimization had greater deterioration in their mental health compared with their peers who were never victimized. Conversely, children whose victimization decreased showed similar mental health development over this period as those who were never victimized. There was a cumulative effect of victimization by peers and siblings, with effect sizes generally larger for experiences with peers. Victimization in adolescence is associated with enduring reductions in mental health. Nonetheless, the promising outcomes associated with reductions in victimization suggest the potential for bullying interventions in schools to limit the deterioration in mental health in victimized groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Infertility could decrease the self-esteem of the infertile couples. Using the defensive style is one way to deal with stressful events. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of self-esteem and defense mechanisms based on the cause of infertility. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 infertile couples referred to infertility center in Tehran, Iran. Participates classified in 4 groups for the cause of infertility: female, male, both and unknown. Data gathering tools in this study were demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ). Data were analyzed (SPSS 18 software) using paired t-test for comparison between the groups according to the cause of infertility and using regression analyses tests. Results: The results of this study showed that men in female infertility group has significantly higher self –esteem than other groups (P

This research aimed to examine adolescents' social media dislike fears in terms of various variables and to determine the relationship between self-concept and self-esteem and social media dislike fears. The study group of the research consists of 631 students, 235 (37%) boys and 396 (63%) girls studying in different high schools in Sultanbeyli district of Istanbul. Social Media Dislike Fear Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Self-concept Scale and a Personal Information Form were used as data collection tools. Skewness and kurtosis values were analyzed for data analysis and analyzes were performed after the extreme values of the data were cleared and normality assumption was observed. In comparisons between groups, t-test was used to compare the two groups and One-Way Analysis of Variance was used to compare more than two groups, and F statistics were used to determine the differences between groups. Standard Multiple Regression Analysis was used to determine the strength of adolescents' self-esteem and self-concepts in predicting social media dislike fear levels. According to research results; adolescents' social media dislike fears were found to differ significantly by gender, number of likes and number of friends; self-esteem does not differ according to gender, besides, self-concept differs according to gender and female students' self-concepts are higher than men’s. Female students' self-concepts are higher than men's and there is a significant relationship between the sub-dimensions of self-esteem, self-concept and social media fear of dislike scale and these two variables were found to significantly predict social media dislike fear.

The main aim of orthognathic surgery is to provide a good occlusion and masticatory function and to achieve positive changes in facial aesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine the reasons behind patients' acceptance of orthognathic surgery and their expectations from this treatment, to assess whether their expectations were met, the change in their self-confidence and their satisfaction, and finally, to use the results obtained to inform future surgical procedures to increase patient satisfaction. The study was designed as a cross-sectional observational study and included 73 people treated with orthognathic surgery (surgery group) and 42 people with minimal crowding who did not require treatment (control group). The study found that the primary reason for requesting orthognathic surgery was to improve facial appearance and that patients had high expectations in this regard. Using the Social Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire and the Expectation and Satisfaction Questionnaire, 73.97 % of patients in our study said the treatment met their expectations and 90.41 % said they were satisfied with the overall results of the surgery. The study also highlighted the importance of surgeon-patient communication and the satisfaction of the patient's environment with the final result in determining patient satisfaction. In conclusion, since patients' high expectations of orthognathic surgery influence treatment success and patient satisfaction, it is important to know and manage patients' expectations before treatment and to have good patient-surgeon communication to increase patient satisfaction after surgery., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

This study is objected to identify the influencing factors of adolescents' smartphone dependency and to determine the degree of influence on smartphone dependency through direct and indirect channels acting between factors. The data of the 2th Korean Child-Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS 2018) was analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 and 26.0 AMOS program. Six paths proved to statistically significant. Self-esteem and depression were the influencing factors of adolescents' smartphone dependency. Social withdrawal and the school environment influenced smartphone dependency through self-esteem and depression as mediators. Self-esteem and depression acted as mediating factors. Adolescents' smartphone dependency was influenced not only by personal factors but also by external factors such as the school environment. The results of this study will be presented as evidence for developing programs that can prevent adolescents from smartphone dependency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Al-Azhar University Gaza is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of group logotherapy on self- esteem and psychological well-being of female students with love trauma syndrome. The semi-experimental design: pre-post test and follow-up with control group was used in this study. Populations were all female students of Kurdestan Univesity in 2017 and were selected through purposive sampling method. Sample numbers were 24 students that gained high scores on Love Trauma Inventory and randomly assigned to control and experiment groups (each group included 12 students).Also the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-being was completed by both groups.The experiment group exposed to 10 instruction sessions of group logotherapy and the control group received no intervention.By ending the therapeutic period, both groups were examined by mentioned inventory in post-test stage and follow-up was performed after 1 month. Finally, the results were analyzed with using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that there is significant difference between posttest scores of self- esteem and psychological well-being at experimental and control groups and the logotherapy had positive effect on experimental group.These results were also preserved in the follow-up stage. The overall results indicate that group logotherapy can be used as an effective treatment on the increases of self- esteem and psychological well-being.

Teenager’s activities in the online social networks, influenced by the nature of teenager’s characteristic who tends to look for a good impression from others. This study examined the effects of coping strategies and self-esteem on the teenagers’ self-disclosure on online social networking. In total, 185 adolescents participated the study; they were identified using the purposive sampling. The sample characteristics were having a social media account and an active user of social media. The Revised Self-Disclosure Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Ways of Coping Checklist were used to collect data. The results of regression analysis showed that there is a positive and significant correlation of coping strategies and self-esteem on adolescents’ disclosure in online social networking.

Abstract Background Understanding motivation to change is a key issue in both the assessment and the treatment of eating disorders. Therefore, sound instruments assessing this construct are of great help to clinicians. Accordingly, the present study analysed the psychometric properties of the Anorexia Nervosa Stages of Change Questionnaire (ANSOCQ), including its relation to coping style and self-esteem. Methods N = 92 adolescents referred to an eating disorders outpatient clinic meeting criteria for anorexia nervosa gave written informed consent to participate in this study and completed the ANSOCQ, the Eating Disorder Inventory, the Eating Attitudes Test, the Body Image Questionnaire, two questionnaires measuring Self-Related Cognitions and the Coping Across Situations Questionnaire. After a treatment period of nine months, clinical anorexia nervosa diagnosis and the body mass index were re-assessed. In addition to exploratory factor analysis, correlational analysis was used to test for the convergent validity of the ANSOCQ and logistic regression analysis was used to test its predictive validity. Results The ANSOCQ had good psychometric properties. Factor analysis yielded two meaningful factors labelled as ‘weight gain and control’ and ‘attitudes and feelings’. Internal consistencies of the two factors amounted to Cronbach’s alpha = .87 and .76, respectively. Significant correlations with other scales measuring eating disorder psychopathology were indicative of meaningful construct validity. Higher motivation to change was related to higher self-esteem and a more active coping style. Higher (positive) ANSOCQ total scores predicted remission of anorexia nervosa after nine months of treatment. A higher score on ‘attitudes and feelings’ was a protective factor against drop-out from intervention. Conclusions The ANSOCQ is a clinically useful instrument for measuring motivation to change in adolescents with AN. Two factorial dimensions explain most of the variation. Self-esteem and coping style are relevant additional constructs for the understanding of the motivation to change in anorexia nervosa. Trial registration NCT02828956 . Retrospectively registered July 2016

Aim: aim of this research has been study relationship & comparative family violence ,couple burnout, self-esteem in normal and client women to court in Tehran city. Method: method was descriptive (causal- comparative). Sample was 120 women (60 n0rmal &60 client to court).sampling was purposeful and available. they answered 3 questionnair:1- family violence2- couple burnout3-self-esteem.statistics test used to T independent& regression. Data: between family violence and couple burnout were significant different , between self- esteem &violence two group negative significant relate. Between couple burnout & self –esteem negative & significant relate.pData: between family violence and couple burnout were significant different , between self- esteem &violence two group negative significant relate. Between couple burnout & self –esteem negative & significant relate.pData: between family violence and couple burnout were significant different , between self- esteem &violence two group negative significant relate. Between couple burnout & self –esteem negative & significant relate.p

Possession of interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies may explain why some managers are more successful than when their technical skills are not as superior or in fact may be at a lower level. It can also explain how some managers are able to develop better relationships and communicate more effectively with little effort or motivate others with relative ease. Emotional intelligence (EQ) is the ability to analyze and control your own emotions and behaviors to achieve a more positive interpersonal outcome at home and at work. EQ focuses on stress diffusion that eliminates emotional hijacking, personality profiling, self- esteem analysis and pro-active listening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Obesity and overweight have both been described as anomalous "Kaur Gagandeep accumulation of excessive body fat which may be harmful to health. There is no single cause to Kaur Gagandeep explain all cases of obesity and overweight but most studies implicate imbalance in the amounts _ Kaur Gagandeep of calories consumed and those expended. Energy breakdown is said to be less than energy build Kaur Gagandeep up. The disruption of the normal satiety feedback mechanism, hyper insulinism, insulin ° Kaur Gurbir resistance and genetics are some of bio -- physiological causes of obesity and overweight. AIM: The study is intended to assess the impact of obesity on physical health and self--esteem among college students of age group 18-26 years in selected colleges of district Faridkot. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted on 60 subjects to assess the impact of obesity on physical health and self--esteem, selected using convenient sampling technique. The study was conducted in private as well as government colleges within the Faridkot. To collect data from subjects self structured tool and Rosenberg's self--esteem scale was used by investigator. Students were taken for study because students attending those colleges were exposed to different modern lifestyle and indulge in diversified diet. It was chosen purposively due to the presence of many people with varied social, culture, religious background. RESULTS: The results revealed that no significant association was found between the socio demographic variables and impact of obesity on physical health and self esteem. Impact of obesity on their physical health and self esteem was found to be non -- significant associated (at p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that that no significant association was found between the socio demographic variables and impact of obesity on physical health and self esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to investigate the effect of social skills training with the help of multimedia Instructional on self-esteem of students (6 to 11 years old) with learning disorder. For this purpose, through a quasi-experimental inquiry, among students with learning disorder in "Institute for learning disorders" located in the city of Karaj, 36 students were selected randomly and then equally divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The research tool was a self-esteem questionnaire compiled by Caper Smitt and Abdolah Nejhad has confirmed its validity and its reliability has been calculated through Cronbach's alpha. During eight sessions experimental group were trained using realized multimedia software and control group was kept away from independent variable. To evaluate resultant changes, a pre-test was conducted on both groups. After pre-test the experimental group was exposed to the independent variable i.e. multimedia Instruction and then on both groups post-test was performed. In order to analyze data, statistical methods have been used both in descriptive level (Central indexes and dispersion) and in inferential level (covariance analysis). After reviewing pre-test scores and the age of the students, the results of covariance analysis showed that in the 6 to 11-year-old students with learning disorder, social behavior training by means of multimedia software has significantly increased their self-esteem.

Copyright of Dirasat: Educational Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Self-esteem and lack of social phobia are considered amongst the components of mental health. These features are more likely to be created during the early years of life like any other mental aspect. Hence, the present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral play therapy in selfesteem and social anxiety of student. The statistical population included all the students in Tehran, from whom a sample of 24 was drawn through multi-stage cluster sampling. They were randomly assigned into the experimental and control groups. The data gathering tools included Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale and Connor Social Phobia Inventory. The experimental group underwent the group play therapy while the control group received no treatment. The findings indicated that group play therapy was effective in the increase of self-esteem and decrease of social phobia among the students. Therefore, it is recommended that children's counseling and therapy centers as well as school officials employ the necessary interventions to enhance health, improve self-esteem, and decrease social phobia with regard to the necessary constructs for the improvement of children's and adolescents' mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The communal/agentic model of narcissism is well accepted in the current research literature (Gebauer, Sedikides, Verplanken & Maio, 2012). This model could be particularly useful in examining the relation between narcissism and hedonistic and eudaimonic subjective well-being (SWB; Deci & Ryan, 2008). Participants and procedure In an effort to examine the relationship between narcissism and SWB, correlational analyses of survey responses obtained from students (n = 138) were conducted. Agentic narcissism was measured using the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Terry, 1988) and communal narcissism by the Communal Narcissism Inventory (CNI; Gebauer et al., 2012). Subjective well-being measures included the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark & Tegellen, 1988), and the Social Well-being Scale (SWBS; Keyes, 1998). Self-esteem was included in the study in order to examine the potential mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between narcissism and subjective well-being. Results Agentic narcissism was positively related to the affective component of SWB whereas communal narcissism was positively related to the cognitive component of SWB. Both forms of narcissism were positively related to social well-being. All relationships were mediated by the participant’s self-esteem level. Conclusions The results indicate that both agentic narcissism and communal narcissism are positively related to SWB. The results are discussed in the context of the agentic/communal model of narcissism (Gebauer et al., 2012) and hedonistic/eudaimonic well-being (Deci & Ryan, 2008).

Copyright of Dirasat: Educational Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study investigated the effect of music training on anxiety and self-esteem of adults. For this study a sample of 120 adults consisting 60 males and 60 females (between 19 to 30 years of age) was selected. The male and female subjects were further divided into two sub-groups on the basis of training in music. They were as follows: 1) Experimental Group: consisting 60 subjects (30 male and 30 female) who had been receiving training in music at least for 5 years,2)Control Group: (30 male and 30 female) who had not been receiving training in any form of music. Information schedule and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) by Goldberg and Hiller (1979) was administered as screening devices. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) by Rosenberg, M. (1979) and State -Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by Chattopadhyay, Mallik & Spielberger, (1986) were used. The difference in Anxiety and Self Esteem among the two groups was found out. The results were discussed emphasizing the role of music training in controlling anxiety and enhancing self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Relative Age Effect (RAE) refers to the variability in cognitive and biological potential, which appears between individuals grouped by their chronological age and causing inequalities in performance. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the distribution of births in the year, affecting school performance, self-esteem, bullying "bullying", being diagnosed with ADHD and consumption of tobacco in the transition from primary to high school, variables examined with specific tools. This The sample of 1547 students from 6th education primary and 1° high school corresponding to 26 schools in Galicia, aged between 11 and 15 years (mean=11.93, SD=.87). The 775 men and 772 women were divided into four quartiles of birth: a) First quartile (January-March); b) Second quartile (April-June); c) Third quartile (July to September) and d) Fourth quartile (October-December). The results show significant differences in the probability of consuming tobacco and being diagnosed with ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective: Coronary Bypass Graft Surgery (CBG) is one of the therapeutic approaches having the leading effects on the function of the patients. Because of paramount importance of self-efficacy and self-esteem, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of family-centered empowerment on the self- efficacy and self-esteem of the patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Material and Methods: This case control clinical trial was conducted on 102 patients with elective heart surgery and 102 of their active family members in 2011.‌ The patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assign ed to experimental and control group. After measuring the self-efficacy and self-esteem, family-centered empowerment care, including individual training, group discussion, film and active participation,‌ was performed in experimental and just routine care in control group. Using PASW statistics-18, we analyzed the data. Results: The results showed that the two groups were the same considering population variables and the mean scores of self-efficacy and self-esteem. The level of self-efficacy and self-esteem in case group were significantly higher than those of controls (P

Background and objective : ­ Adolescence is a significant stage of social and psychosocial development. This particular period of crisis involves some problems, one of the most important ones is the loss of self-esteem . Hence, this study aimed at investigating the effect of group cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy on increasing adolescents' self-esteem . Material and Methods: The research population ( n= 250) of the current study is the ­adolescents living in a boarding school of Taibad city, Iran, in 2012 academic year. Using convenience sampling, the subjects were selected and asked to fill out Copper Smite self-esteem Inventory, and considering the cut-off point of 23, 30 adolescences with the lowest self-esteem were randomly placed in two groups of control and experimental .The subjects of experimental group were taken part in 8 two- hour- long sessions of cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy while the ones of control group did not receive any training . At the end of this period, the subjects’ self-esteem was measured again and compared with pre-test by Ancova test, using SPSS soft ware (version 19). Results: Ancova test analysis indicates that the self-esteem score in group cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy compared with the control group is significantly increased (p

Background: self- esteem is defined as the reliance of one's own abilities. Decrees of self- esteem may lead to fail to solve the problems not being able to use ones abilities. So, this study was done to compare TIP patients' self- esteem with healthy cases. The conduction of this investigation seems to be important, because this disease a chronic type. Methods: This is a descriptive- comparative study in which 64 patients having ITP and referring to Isfahan's Seiyedo-shohada hospital and 65 healthy people who were neighbors of these patients. They were also selected randomly. The data collection method included questionnaire of Cooper Smiths self- esteem which was completed by the cases. The data analyzed through Spss version 15, and by use of T-independent, K-Squer and Man Withny test. Results: This study's results showed that 64.1, 59.4 and 53.1 percent of the cases in both group were, in turn, over 35 years old. Females and graduated from primary school. T-independent test, showed significant difference between both groups self-esteem average. (p

Divorce is a world phenomenon that affects not only the two parents but children too. Divorce is a wound of Albanian society extended during this time of transition. Parents divorce with each other and sometimes they "divorce" from their children. For a child, losing one parent is the same thing with dying. The aim of this study besides recognizing the phenomenon of divorce of parents and its importance for children of 9-12 years old to explore the effects of divorce of parents at attachment dynamics, self-esteem and shame and guilt. The methodology of this study is: attachment questionnaire, self-esteem questionnaire (Rosenberg) and shame and guilt questionnaire applied at 100 children of divorced families and 100 children of non divorced families at 9-years system at 12 schools in the city of Elbasan. This study proved all hypothesis and objectives and results that children of divorced families have more shame and guilt feelings than children of intact families. They feel guilty about the divorce of their parents. We, also, came to an end that children of divorced families have lower rates of self esteem than children of intact families. It was a very large number of children of intact families that had secure attachment compared to children of divorced families where non secure/anxious attachment. A characteristic of divorced children was the presence of avoidant and disorganized attachment among them. It was recommended that parent should not discuss their divorce in the presence of their children, should explain that divorce is for parents and not for children and is not children fault about the divorce.

Introduction: One of the normal personality characteristics is having self-esteem and its behavioral consequences which are attributable to external or internal causes, and are effective on the academic achievement of students. The purpose of this study was to compare self- esteem, locus of control and their relation with educational status of university students at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 300 students of different faculties were evaluated. We used a questionnaire that includes demographic data, Rotter's locus of control standard questionnaire and Cooper- Smith's self-steem standard questionnaire. The data were collected and analyzed by the SPSS-18 software. Results: The average score of self-esteem was 31.84±8.32 (with a range of 0-50), and the mean score of locus of control was11.59±3.19 (with a range of 0-23). 15.4% of the subjects had internal locus of control and 74.9% had high level of self-esteem. There was no statistically significant relationship between self-esteem and locus of control (p=0.27). There was a statistically significant correlation between locus of control and average score (p=0.046), self-esteem and average score (p=0.02). In this study, age with locus of control, and average score with self-esteem have positive correlations and locus of control with self-esteem has a reverse correlations. Conclusion : The majority of students that had a high level of self-esteem and an external locus of control has high average score and as the majority of the students who had a high level of self-esteem were studying in the School of Health.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Low birth weight infants 40 times greater than infants weighing more than 2500 g are at risk. These infants are usually separated from the mother immediately and are transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit. This separation can affect infant’s respiratory, heart rate and body temperature. It also caused severe stress to the mother and reduced mother’s self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of kangaroo mother care (KMC) on self-esteem in the mothers of low birth weight infants in Amirkola children hospital, Babol, Iran.METHODS: In a quasi-experimental study 60 mothers of low birth weight infants were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned randomly to two study groups, (experimental n=20 and control n=40). Data collection tools were questionnaire (demographic information of parents and neonates and Rosenberg self-esteem scale). The intervention group take care of in KMC method (mothers in the intervention group put their infants to the vertical position in the middle of her chest in order to skin-to skin contact), while the control group had taken only ordinary care of personnel and mother. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale is completed two times, at the first time, when mothers came to visit the neonates and then at discharge time. FINDINGS: From 60 mothers participated in this study, 29 (48.3%) were high school graduates, 53 (88.3%) were housewife and 39 (65%) had cesarean delivery method. Mean self-esteem score of mothers in the intervention group at admission and discharge were 22.1±2.7 and 23.4±1.9, respectively and in the control group when the infants were admitted and discharged it was 22.2±2.2 and 22.6±1.3, respectively. The significant difference in self-esteem of mothers before and after the intervention was not observed. In association with birth weight infants and maternal self-esteem levels, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship (p=0.01 and r=0.3).CONCLUSION: Results showed that KMC directly correlates with the level of self esteem and causes more peace, merit and ability in mothers.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between self-esteem, marital relationship and components of happiness (consists of positive affect, negative affect and life-satisfaction), in married women. The 97 women were tested using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire (Barrow, 2007), Marital Relationship Questionnaire (Khayyer and Samani, 2003), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, Emmons, Larens, & Griffin, 1985). Multiple regression analysis revealed that scores of marital relationship predict married women's life satisfaction (?= 0.79, P< 0.0001) and negative affect (?= -0.50, P< 0.0001) In addition, positive affect in married women was predicted by the scores of self-esteem (? = 0.45, P< 0.0001).

Utangaçlık ayrıca bireyin yeni insanlarla tanışmasını, yeni arkadaşlar edinmesini ve değişik yaşantılardan zevk almasınıgüçleştiren en önemli etmen olarak görülmektedir Zimbardo, 1977 .Utangaçlık kişinin sadece sosyal ilişkilerini etkilemekle kalmaz aynızamanda bireyin kendine değer verişdüzeyini, olaylara ve kişilere yönelik bilişsel yorumlamalarınıda etkiler. Utangaç kişiler kendi düşünce ve davranışlarına fazlaca odaklanıp kendilerini suçlayıp ve başkalarıtarafından olumsuz değerlendirilmekten korkarlar. Bu bireyler daha çok çevresindekilerden gelecek geribildirimlerle ilgilenirler. Bu türden kaygılar bireyin kendisi hakkında yanlışve olumsuz inançların oluşmasına neden olmaktadır Henderson ve Zimbardo, 1998 . Van Der Molen 1990 ’ göre de utangaç kişilerin en belirgin özellikleri kendilerine yönelik olarak geliştirdikleri olumsuz ve akılcıolmayan düşüncelerdir. Bu çalışmada ergenlerin utangaçlık ve benlik saygısının fonksiyonel olmayan tutumlarla anlamlıdüzeyde ilişkili olup olmadığıve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumların utangaçlık ve benlik saygısınıanlamlıdüzeyde yordayıp yordamadığıincelenmiştir. Araştırma genel tarama modeline uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma örneklemi Trabzon il merkezindeki liselerin 9.10. ve 11. sınıflarda eğitimine devam eden öğrenciler arasından tesadüfi küme örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 259’u kız, 239’u erkek olmak üzere toplam 498 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmayla ilgili verileri toplamak için “Utangaçlık Ölçeği”, “Coopersmith Benlik SaygısıEnvanteri” ve “Fonksiyonel Olmayan Tutumlar Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Utangaçlık,benlik saygısıve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumlar arasındaki ilişkinin analizi ‘Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelasyon Katsayısı’ tekniği kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Fonksiyonel Olmayan Tutumların öğrencilerin utangaçlık ve benlik saygısıdüzeylerini açıklama gücünü belirlemek için regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin utangaçlık ve benlik saygısıarasında negatif yönde anlamlı; utangaçlık ve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumların onaylanma alt boyutu ile pozitif yönde anlamlıbir ilişkiye rastlanılmıştır. Benlik saygısıile mükemmelci tutum ve onaylanma ihtiyacıarasında da negatif yönde anlamlıbir ilişkiye rastlanılmıştır. Benlik saygısınıhangi değişkenlerin yordadığına ilişkin regresyon analizi sonuçlarınıincelendiğinde mükemmelci ve onaylanma ihtiyacının benlik saygısınıanlamlıdüzeyde yordadığıgörülmüştür. Utangaçlığıhangi değişkenlerin yordadığına ilişkin analiz sonuçlarıincelendiğinde sadece onaylanma ihtiyacının utangaçlığıanlamlıdüzeyde yordadığıgörülmüştür.

The inappropriate use of new technologies, may have negative psychological consequences, some potential factors that contribute to this development are selfesteem and social support. The objective of this report is to study in detail the relationship between the inappropriate use of technologies and the psychological variables of anxiety, depression, self-esteem and social support. Additionally, this report introduces an analysis to confirm whether social support acts as a moderator when dealing with inappropriate use of new technologies and anxiety, depression, and self- esteem. Finally, the research establishes a relationship between problematic use of new technology and gender and age. The sample is comprised of 251 young adults between 18 and 30 years old who reside in the Basque Country. The participants completed questionnaires related to the inappropriate use of new technologies, social support perceived, self-esteem, anxiety and depression. The results indicate that a relationship exists between the inappropriate use of new technologies and factors such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem and perceived social support. Moreover, the research shows that the social support moderates the inappropriate use of the Internet and depression. Based on these findings, detailed research is recommended on this critical social issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a group- counseling program in reducing depression and enhancing self- esteem among drug Addicts in Al- Amal Hospital in Saudi Arabia. The population of the study consisted of all drug addicts in Al- Amal Hospital in Jeddeh in Saudi Arabia. The researchers selected an available sample consisted of (30) individuals who agreed to participate in the study, and were divided randomly into two groups: (15) to form the experimental group and (15) to form the control group. The researchers administrated the counseling program on the experimental group. The findings of the study showed that there were significant statistical differences at the level of (a<0.05) in reducing depression on Beck scale in favor of the experimental group, which indicated the effectiveness of the counseling program in reducing depression. Moreover, the findings of the study showed that there were significant statistical differences at the level of (a< 0.05) attributed to group effect on self- esteem scale in favor of the experimental group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between hopefulness and self esteem in patients posted for renal transplants Methods: In this correlation – descriptive study, a sample of 80 renal transplant recipients was studied. The instruments used included: The sample selection, demographic data, The Herth hope index and Cooper Smith’s self - esteem inventory. Results: The findings indicated that 45 percent of patients had a low level of hope; also, level of hope significantly correlated with self- esteem (r= 0.84 p= 0.0001) and religious beliefs. (r= 0.52 P= 0.0001). Other selected variables were not significantly correlated with the level of hope. Conclusion: The results showed that all patients receiving renal transplants have a relatively lower level of hope which can be raised by increase in self esteem, strengthening of religious beliefs and highlighting the importance of high level of hope to the patients.

Psychologists suggest that envy is a negative emotion since it can result in negative consequences for the organization. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of envy on intention-to-leave the job via self-esteem and uncivil behaviors. To this End, 110 Ghaem hospital nurses in Mashhad were chosen as the statistical population. A questionnaire made of 26questions was used. Construct validity was investigated by Confirmatory-Factor-Analysis method and Korunbakh-Alpha coefficient certified the reliability. AMOS software based on Structural-Equation-Modelling method was applied to analyze data. The results of the research showed the mediating variables_ self-esteem and uncivil behaviors_ can't predict nurse’s intention-to-leave and also envy doesn't have impact on it. However envy can positively affect uncivil behaviors and self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Since the effect of self-respect upon the mental hygiene and physical health of man and his social behavior cannot be ignored, it seems necessary to shed light on the standpoint of religion and science in this issue. The importance of this concern is manifested when we choose coexisting relationship exist between both religion and science. In this research, we demonstrate the concomitant relationship between religion and science concerning self-concept and self-respect and their effect on physical and mental health. The word "self-concept " as a social psychological term ,contains this kind of evaluation along with a series of one’s beliefs and feelings about himself or others about him, and is equal to the word "Mokhtal" in Quranic terms. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the data were collected from the documents and books and journals in the libraries. Results: Quranic emphasis on creation of an objective-based universe especially in the case of human beings causes to understand this fact that man should not miss his valuable pearl of existence very heedlessly. In the Social psychology, this kind of attitude toward the existence and man can be as a reason for "self-esteem", which is considered as the cornerstone for a normal behavior in society. Conclusion: Among the findings of this research is illumination of a mutual relationship existing between science and religion and providing some new evidence for the influence of this relationship on health of human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]