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Some dry pumps are equipped with an oil box or grease along with the bearings in a vacuum and are not necessarily oil-free. This article introduces a completely oil-free scroll pump. There are also scroll pumps that have bearings in the vacuum space and pumps that have bearings only in the atmospheric pressure space. Scroll pumps with bearings only in the atmospheric pressure space are completely oil-free dry pumps, with no back-diffusion of oil into the vacuum chamber. It also has excellent water vapor processing capacity and ease of maintenance by end users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main feature of the extant Old Uyghur manuscripts is their fragmentary state of preservation and the predominant lack of dating. Catalogues and editions of the Old Uyghur fragments reveal a great diversity in the size and format of the discovered manuscript folios and the fragments from them. This study aims to promote the reconstruction of the scope of the Old Uyghur book forms from preserved fragments as an important part of the Old Uyghur manuscript culture. Which book forms were utilized, who participated in their production, and where? Studies on the papers and inks employed are obtainable. This study focuses on the Buddhist scrolls of the Säkiz Yükmäk Yaruk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most common topics in Naqali scrolls is the similarities that exist between some fictional characters and subjects, for which several reasons can be listed. One of these reasons is the imitating of narrators and storytellers of famous folktales and characters in the construction of those similar characters and themes. The purpose of this research is to investigate the similarities of two famous characters of Naqali scrolls, namely "Rostam Yekdast" and "Farhang Divzad", which can be seen as a result of Naqali's modeling of the heroes of the adventure stories of folkloric literature. This article, which is done in a descriptive-analytical way using library sources, examines the similarities between Rostam Yakdat and Farhang Divzad in three areas of "appearance features", "actions" and "abilities" and enumerates the types for them. Is. The result of the research shows that with the entry of "official heroic literature" into "popular literature" and the formation of scrolls of Shahnameh, the face and personality of Rostam Yekdat and Farhang Divzad were formed based on the characterization of Ayaran in folk tales; so that in many cases, they are distinct and different from other Persian characters. Of course, cautiously, this hypothesis can also be put forward that due to the fact that Rostam is ahead of Farhang Divzad, her character has played a role as a "model" for the construction of Farhang Divzad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La imagen percibida de la ciudad en el imaginario colectivo se ha visto influenciada, a lo largo del último siglo, por las imágenes que sobre nosotros han proyectado los medios audiovisuales de masas. Estos han ayudado a moldear sus significados y la manera de relacionarnos con sus espacios, catalizando una nueva manera de mirar a partir de la multiplicidad simultánea de —cada vez más— puntos de vista. En los algo menos de 100 años que separan las yuxtaposiciones de Kuleshov en la sala de montaje con el nacimiento de Instagram, la construcción mental de la ciudad y nuestra manera de convivir con ella no ha dejado de transformarse. A través de tres momentos escogidos: el montaje cinematográfico y el espacio de la yuxtaposición, la televisión por cable y la ciudad zapping; y las redes sociales y el scroll infinito, se estudian los impactos del medio en nuestra concepción del espacio urbano.

The article deals with issues related to the manufacture of tin cans for packing food products in them. A brief classification of applied types and types of tin cans is given. The methods of manufacturing prefab and solid-drawn tin cans for the canning industry are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the production of prefabricated and continuous tin cans are considered. Explained the reasons for the decrease in the production of prefabricated tin cans due to the presence of lead in the solder. The article defines the advantages of using and manufacturing continuous metal cans over prefabricated ones. Disadvantages of continuous cans are also given. In order to develop a tool for the production of solid-drawn cans, the forces for cutting out the blank, the pulling force for a cylindrical can, the force required to press the tin during can stamping and the pulling factor were determined. In addition, the following are calculated: the diameter of the workpiece, the most effective type of sheet metal cutting with a curved scroll. The relief of the bottom of the continuous can No. 6 has been developed. The drawing of the general type of the developed tool - a stamp for the production of continuous drawn tin can No. 6 is given. The tool presented in the article was manufactured according to working drawings at the Mriya enterprise and is operated at the same enterprise. From the materials presented in the article, the advantages of using a tool for the production of solid-drawn cans over prefabricated three-piece tin cans due to the achievement of guaranteed tightness of the solid body, reduction of white tin waste, exclusion of the presence of lead from the technological process, which has a negative effect on the canned product and ultimately on health I am a person. The article ends with conclusions and a list of used literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case of everted third eyelid cartilage in a goat demonstrates that everted cartilage occurs in animals other than domestic dogs and cats. Everted cartilage in the goat can be treated successfully with surgical excision of the abnormally bent cartilage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions the Japan Society of Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers is the property of Japan Society of Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract This case of everted third eyelid cartilage in a goat demonstrates that everted cartilage occurs in animals other than domestic dogs and cats. Everted cartilage in the goat can be treated successfully with surgical excision of the abnormally bent cartilage.

The British Library's Stein collection contains about 14,000 scrolls, fragments and booklets in Chinese from a cave in the Buddhist Mogao Caves complex near Dunhuang in north-west China. This article describes storage and access solutions for the collection in the context of a busy research library and the currently ongoing Lotus Sutra Manuscripts Digitisation project. The article presents the various technical and organisational challenges that its rehousing presents to the library conservators. Restricted by the existing storage facilities, budget limitations and tight project deadlines, the conservators must provide housing that is adequate for the scroll format, is practical and prevents dissociation, but is also cost- and time-effective. With the best storage practice in mind, they have developed original solutions, balancing the specific housing requirements and constraints. These storage solutions allow the conservators to ensure the long-term safety and accessibility of the collection while laying down a foundation of standardisation that will ensure a homogeneity of approaches for future projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions the Japan Society of Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers is the property of Japan Society of Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To improve machining efficiency and product precision in scroll manufacturing, we studied three adaptive milling processes: adaptive feed rate planning, chatter suppression measures, and optimization of milling parameters during the rough, semi-fine, and fine machining of scrolls. In the rough machining of scrolls, adaptive feed rate planning was used to compute the cutting area per cutter tooth in real time in order to adjust the feed rate and optimize the material removal rate (MRR) under a given maximum acceptable cutting load. To suppress the possibility of chatter in the semi-fine and fine machining processes, the chatter frequencies were detected with a microphone and the spindle speeds were promptly modified using a developed program in combination with the controller of the milling machine. Based on the Taguchi method and analysis of variance (ANOVA), we determined the optimum milling parameters for the fine machining processes to improve contour characteristics, such as the profile errors and surface roughness of scrolls. Experimental tests were implemented to demonstrate and verify the feasibility of the adaptive milling processes proposed in this study.

Copyright of Culture & Folk Literature / Farhang va Adabiyyāt-i ̒āmah is the property of Tarbiat Modares University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the effects of theoretical models of materials and dies on finite element (FE) predictions of a hot forging process are presented, to provide process design engineers and researchers with some useful insight into the theoretical approaches on which they rely. The material was assumed to be rigid-viscoplastic or rigid-thermoviscoplastic and the dies were assumed to be rigid or elastic. The problem of die fracture occurring during the hot forging of aluminum fixed scroll was studied. This process is particularly sensitive to theoretical models, mostly because the die-stress component causing the die fracture has a relatively weak relationship with the forming load. A fully thermo-mechanically coupled FE analysis considered die elastic deformation and was first conducted to reveal die fracture with emphasis on the maximum die stress and forming load. The predictions for four simulated cases using different theoretical assumptions of the material and die were then compared. These were also compared with experiments, undertaken to observe the relationship between maximum die stress component and forming load, to reveal the effects of material and die models in FE predictions. The differences in forming load, die stress and their variation with time among the four cases were clarified quantitatively for different die and material models, to provide some insight into metal forming for engineers and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of eye movements is a common way to non-invasively understand and analyze human behavior. However, eye-tracking techniques are very hard to scale, and require expensive equipment and extensive expertise. In the context of web browsing, these issues could be overcome by studying the link between the eye and the computer mouse. Here, we propose new analysis methods, and a more advanced characterization of this link. To this end, we recorded the eye, mouse, and scroll movements of 151 participants exploring 18 dynamic web pages while performing free viewing and visual search tasks for 20 s. The data revealed significant differences of eye, mouse, and scroll parameters over time which stabilize at the end of exploration. This suggests the existence of a task-independent relationship between eye, mouse, and scroll parameters, which are characterized by two distinct patterns: one common pattern for movement parameters and a second for dwelling/fixation parameters. Within these patterns, mouse and eye movements remained consistent with each other, while the scrolling behaved the opposite way.

The study of eye movements is a common way to non-invasively understand and analyze human behavior. However, eye-tracking techniques are very hard to scale, and require expensive equipment and extensive expertise. In the context of web browsing, these issues could be overcome by studying the link between the eye and the computer mouse. Here, we propose new analysis methods, and a more advanced characterization of this link. To this end, we recorded the eye, mouse, and scroll movements of 151 participants exploring 18 dynamic web pages while performing free viewing and visual search tasks for 20 s. The data revealed significant differences of eye, mouse, and scroll parameters over time which stabilize at the end of exploration. This suggests the existence of a task-independent relationship between eye, mouse, and scroll parameters, which are characterized by two distinct patterns: one common pattern for movement parameters and a second for dwelling/fixation parameters. Within these patterns, mouse and eye movements remained consistent with each other, while the scrolling behaved the opposite way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let (X, L) be a complex polarized threefold which is a conic fibration over a smooth surface. The complex affine cubic Γ representing the Hilbert curve of (X, L) is studied, paying special attention to its reducibility. In particular, Γ contains a specific line ℓ0 if and only if X has no singular fibers. This leads to characterize the existence of a triple point simply in terms of numerical invariants of X. Other lines may cause the reducibility of Γ, which in this case depends also on the polarization. This situation is analyzed for a special class of conic fibrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article traces the history of the fine art of decorative binding in India, Egypt, Central Asia and Europe where it was mostly prevalent during ancient and medieval times and the cross cultural influences. Early modern era too had beautiful work on binding covers. Some works have even been called 'treasure bindings' made for important people in high social positions. The book bindings are still available across libraries, museums and private collections. Great care was taken to make the binding of a revered text strong and look appealing. The ancient and medieval times craftsmen used various methods and materials like wood, leather to make the bindings and used ivory, metal and pigments for embellishment. The article briefly describes the technique of book binding and showcases some specimens of fine book covers from across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let E be a vector bundle over a smooth curve C, and S = P E the associated projective bundle. We describe the inflectional loci of certain projective models ψ : S ⤏ P n in terms of Quot schemes of E. This gives a geometric characterisation of the Segre invariant s 1 (E) , which leads to new geometric criteria for semistability and cohomological stability of bundles over C. We also use these ideas to show that for general enough S and ψ , the inflectional loci are all of the expected dimension. An auxiliary result, valid for a general subvariety of P n , is that under mild hypotheses, the inflectional loci associated to a projection from a general centre are of the expected dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay is a plea for ending the hunt for the message inscribed into the final shaping of the Psalter. After the psalms had to suffer from exaggerated form-critical categorisation and other approaches, the Psalter is not in need of having its content labelled with inadequate generalising terms. The complexity of the psalms does not favour this approach. Instead, the psalms are waiting to be appreciated as textual individuals and each psalm as part of its special position in a manageable cluster of texts. In view of the Psalter as a whole the predominance of petition and praise, manifest in the title Tehillim, deserves closer theological attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diadora is the property of Archaeological Museum in Zadar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, new ruled surfaces F s,v1 and F*(s,a)are obtained for the base lines E1(s)andE3(s), respectively. As Striction curve is taken as the base curve, distribution parameters of these ruled surfaces with Striction scroll are calculated in dual space. As these ruled surfaces are accepted as closed, the apex angles and segments are denoted. An example is given to illustrate the main results. Finally, obtained consequences are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An expedition of the Egypt Exploration Society in 1913–14 discovered four fragments of the Hebrew Bible (from the books of Kings and Job). This article presents the first critical edition of the fragments. With a few minor exceptions, the fragments conform to the Masoretic Text. The possible datings of these fragments range from the third to the early eighth centuries ce. Very little is known about the transmission of the text of the Hebrew Bible in the so-called 'silent' or 'dark' period between the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Cairo Genizah. The fragments also testify to the presence of a Jewish community in Egypt – which was virtually eradicated after the revolt of 115–17 ce. The article gives a brief overview of the extant documentary and epigraphic evidence to reconstruct the forgotten story of Jews at Antinoopolis in Late Antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let (X , L) be a complex polarized n -fold with the structure of a classical scroll over a smooth projective threefold Y. The Hilbert curve of such a pair (X , L) is a complex affine plane curve of degree n , consisting of n − 3 evenly spaced parallel lines plus a cubic. This paper is devoted to a detailed study of this cubic. In particular, existence of triple points, behavior with respect to the line at infinity, and non-reducedness, are analyzed in connection with the structure of (X , L). Special attention is reserved to the case n = 4 , where various examples are presented and the possibility that the cubic is itself the Hilbert curve of the base threefold Y for a suitable polarization is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scroll compressors are widely adopted machines in both refrigeration systems and heat pumps. However, their efficiency is basically poor and constitutes the main bottleneck for improving the overall system performance. In fact, due to the complex machine fluid dynamics, scroll design is mainly based on theoretical and/or semi-empirical approaches. Designs strategies that do not guarantee an in-depth analysis of the machine behavior can be supplemented with a Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. To this purpose, in the present work, the scroll compressor inner fluid dynamics is numerically analyzed in detail using two CFD software and two different modelling strategies for the axial gap. The analysis of the fluid evolution within the scroll wraps reveals unsteady phenomena developing during the suction and discharge phases, amplified by the axial clearance with negative impact on the main fluid flow (e.g., −13% of average mass flow rate for an axial gap of 30 μ) and on the scroll performance (e.g., +26% of average absorbed power for an axial gap of 30 μ). In terms of accuracy, the k-ε offers good performance on the estimation of average quantities but proves to be inadequate for capturing the complexity of the unsteady phenomena caused by the axial gap (e.g., −19% of the absorbed power in case of perfect tip seal). The need for considering specific geometric details in design procedures is highlighted, and guidelines on the choice of the most suitable numerical model are provided depending on the analysis needs.

An efficient approach to the geometry optimization problem of a non-axisymmetric flow channel is discussed. The method combines geometrical transformation with a computational fluid dynamics solver, a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and a response surface. This approach, through geometrical modifications and simplifications allows transforming a non-axisymmetric problem into the axisymmetric one in some specific devices i.e., a scroll distributor or a volute. It results in a significant decrease in the problem size, as only the flow in a quasi-2D section of the channel is solved. A significantly broader design space is covered in a much shorter time than in the standard method, and the optimization of large flow problems is feasible with desktop-class computers. One computational point is obtained approximately eight times faster than in full geometry computations. The method was applied to a scroll distributor. For the case under analysis, it was possible to increase flow uniformity, eradicate separation zones, and increase the overall efficiency, which was followed by energy savings of 16% for the scroll. The results indicate that this method can be successfully applied for the optimization of similar problems.

Abstract The aim of this paper is to facilitate the selection of the expander for a small-scale organic Rankine cycle based on an experimental comparison of a piston, a screw, a scroll and a roots expander. First, based on a literature review, a comparison between these four technologies of volumetric expansion machines is performed. Afterward, four displacement expanders [2–4 kW] are tested on two similar small-scale ORC unit with fluid R245fa. The maximum effective isentropic efficiencies measured are 53% for the piston expander and the screw expander, 76% for the variable-speed scroll and 48% for the roots machine. However, these performances do not reflect the highest efficiencies achievable by each expander: the test-rig presents experimental limitations in terms of mass flow rate and pressure drop (among others) that restricts the achievable operating conditions. The calibration of semi-empirical models based on the measurements allows to overcome this issue and to predict the isentropic efficiency in optimal conditions despite the limitations of the test-rigs. Based on experimental results, extrapolated prediction of the semi-empirical model and practical considerations, some guidelines are drawn to help the reader to select properly a volumetric expander. Highlights • Experimental investigation of the performance of a roots, a scroll, a piston and a screw expander. • Show how a semi-empirical simulation model could be generalized and used to simulate 4 different expander technologies. • Extrapolation of the expander performance in optimal conditions to maximize the isentropic efficiency. • Establishment of a table to help engineers selecting the most appropriate technology depending on the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let (X,L) be a polarized manifold of dimension n. Its Hilbert curve is an affine algebraic plane curve of degree n encoding properties related to fibrations of X, defined by suitable adjoint linear systems to L. In particular, if (X,L) is a scroll over a smooth surface S, its Hilbert curve consists of n−2 parallel lines with a given slope and evenly spaced, plus a conic. Making its equation explicit, we show that this conic turns out to be itself the Hilbert curve of the ℚ-polarized surface , where ℰ is the rank-(n−1) vector bundle obtained by pushing down L via the scroll projection, if and only if ℰ is properly semistable in the sense of Bogomolov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]