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The present work is aimed at showing the results obtained by testing different operational solutions for single-camera photogrammetric acquisitions of numerous complex metal liturgical artefact preserved in the Church of Santa Maria di Costantinopoli in Naples (Italy). The digitisation activity is aimed at supporting documentation, restoration, valorisation and dissemination of a rich liturgical collection that is not accessible to the public for security reasons. The number and diversity of the pieces required an expeditious surveying activity conducted in situ with low-cost instrumentation and image-based techniques adopted and compared with reference to the geometric-formal complexity and state of conservation of the objects. According to the level of difficulty acquisition, this work shows the results of the digitalisation of three different types identified among the many different liturgical objects of the collection about their different geometric, compositional and technological configuration in terms of topology, shape, composition, materials and manufacturing technique. The adopted workflow produced results that allow qualitatively assess the examined objects and their materials, supporting architects, experts in the restoration of metal artefacts and art historians: the produced digital documentation represents a 3D digital support for restoration activities and, above all, to plane activities aimed at conservation and preventive maintenance, as well as for valorisation and dissemination activities through digital information systems.

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has emerged as a less invasive alternative to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for axillary staging in breast cancer, offering reduced morbidity and comparable accuracy. However, the application of SLNB in MBC remains underexplored, with limited male-specific data and treatment protocols often extrapolated from female breast cancer studies. Available evidence suggests that SLNB in men demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy, with low false-negative rates and a high sentinel lymph node identification rate. Despite this, there is ongoing debate about its long-term impact on clinical outcomes, particularly for patients with sentinel node metastasis, where ALND may still provide superior survival outcomes in some cases. Predictive tools are being developed to identify better patients who may benefit from SLNB alone, potentially reducing the need for more invasive procedures. As the role of SLNB continues to evolve in MBC management, further prospective research is needed to refine its application and assess its long-term oncologic outcomes.

Abstract Background Digital solutions in healthcare can facilitate and improve care. However, the experiences and the usefulness of using either digital foot examinations or traditional foot examinations need to be evaluated. The aims of the study were to evaluate: 1) The differences in patient experiences, having their foot examined supported by the Clinical Decision Support System as compared with having their foot examined in traditional practice, 2) How healthcare professionals, by using the digital tool, experienced the routine compared with performing the foot examination as in traditional practice. Methods Of a total of 141 patients, 100 patients with diabetes were single-blind digitally randomised to one of two parallel arms: having their foot examined by a healthcare professional using a digital tool (n = 47) or having their foot examined as in traditional practice (n = 53) at the Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. Patients filled in a modified version of the National Patient Survey and the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users’ Survey at study end. Two healthcare professionals, working at a Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, answered surveys regarding the interaction between the patient and the certified prosthetist and orthotist. Results Patients, aged 66 ± 13 years, perceived a high level of satisfaction with the service at the department, regardless of the method used. No significant differences between groups were found when evaluated by 27 questions in the National Patient Survey or by the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users’ Survey, with scores of 67.17 ± 12.18 vs. 66.35 ± 16.52 (p = 0.78) for the intervention and control group respectively. For the same patient that healthcare professionals foot examined, the risk class was fully obtained when the risk to develop foot ulcers was assessed by using the digital tool, whereas only 2% of the patients were classified when foot assessed in traditional practice. Conclusions Regardless of the method used for the foot examination, patients perceived a high level of satisfaction with the services at the Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics. All the patients were risk classified in the intervention group. The healthcare professionals found that, by using the Clinical Decision Support System, the foot examination was structured and followed clinical guidelines. Furthermore, the documentation in the electronic health record was thorough, even though further improvements, such as integration with co-existing health record systems, were requested. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT03088566 , Registered 23 March 2017.

Emotional dysregulation involving anger can have severe consequences on the individual’s psychosocial and emotional functioning. This study aimed to investigate the role that the companion animal bond and the personality dimension of trait anger play in explaining affective dysregulation. A cross-sectional online survey was administered to 365 participants. Using the PROCESS macro for SPSS, a moderated model was tested to analyze the hypothesis that affective dysregulation depends on trait anger and that the companion animal bond moderates the relationship between trait anger and affective dysregulation. The results showed that the effect of trait anger on affective dysregulation increases especially when the degree of bonding to an animal companion is low, suggesting that a strong bond to a companion animal may protect individuals with trait anger from the likelihood of experiencing affective regulation problems. The psychological, health-related, and educational implications of the current anthrozoological study include the potential of the human–animal bond in acting as a facilitator of adaptive affective regulation processes, which can reduce the levels of uncontrolled anger-related emotions and the subsequent risk of out-of-control behaviors.

We use new survey data from 1,203 households in rural Eastern India to estimate cross-sectional models of overall energy use and embedded emissions. Findings indicate that the primary driver of household energy use is household size and affluence. This is unsurprising and consistent with findings from the engineering literature on energy demand. However, there is also a substantial and significant moderating influence of skills on energy use. For emissions, we observe a bifurcated relationship in line with educational attainment. For those that have completed secondary education or more, skills are negatively associated with energy use and emissions, whereas for those with lesser qualifications more skills are associated with more energy use and emissions. The results are consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve, which implies that a critical level of affluence is required before environmental impacts start lessening. The results also echo a sociological critique of human capital theory - that individual abilities are not productive in and of themselves, but rather in relation to socially determined opportunity structures. Our findings show that this could also hold for greenhouse gas emissions.

We conduct a systematic literature review of the academic literature on activities organised by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) with the aim of improving skills associated with employability and facilitating labour market outcomes. The search resulted in 87 papers followed by an iterative evaluation of their relevance. Papers in the corpus were analysed using an evaluation research framework and classified in terms of the activities, outputs, and outcomes. The reviewed literature is centred on one of three stakeholders: HEIs, students or employers. It suggests all stakeholders value employability activities for similar reasons. Generally, they are seen as a vital part of HEI education programmes, facilitating the development of diverse skills that are desirable in the labour market as well as de-risking labour market entry for students and appointments for employers by alleviating information asymmetries. The evidence base is dominated by small-scale case studies and evaluations that are not sufficiently robust to infer about causal impacts of employability activities on students' development and labour market outcomes. Moreover, the corpus is skewed towards studies of Work-Related Learning. We set out avenues for future research and argue for a comprehensive evidence base encompassing diverse forms of employability activities, such as larger scale 'embedded employability' activities; a more contextual understanding of employability as an interplay between individual and a particular labour market and education system; and a more robust evidence base tracking students from education into the labour market, allowing for selection effects and identifying heterogeneity of impacts across different activities and demographics.

Abstract The electric dipoles of proteins in a biolayer determine their dielectric properties through the polarization density P. Hence, its reproducibility is crucial for applications, particularly in bioelectronics. Biolayers encompassing capturing antibodies covalently bound at a biosensing interface are generally preferred for their assumed higher stability. However, surface physisorption is shown to offer advantages like easily scalable fabrication processes and high stability. The present study investigates the effects of electric‐field (EF)‐cycling of anti‐Immunoglobulin M (anti‐IgM) biolayers physisorbed on Au. The impact of EF‐cycling on the dielectric, optical, and mechanical properties of anti‐IgM biolayer is investigated. A reduction of the dispersion (standard deviation over a set of 31 samples) of the measured P values is observed, while the set median stays almost constant. Hence, physisorption combined with EF cycling, results in a biolayer with highly reproducible bioelectronic properties. Additionally, the study provides important insights into the mechanisms of dielectric rearrangement of dipole moments in capturing biolayers after EF‐cycling. Notably, EF‐cycling acts as an annealing process, driving the proteins in the biolayer into a statistically more probable and stable conformational state. Understanding these phenomena enhances the knowledge of the properties of physisorbed biolayers and can inform design strategies for bioelectronic devices.

Recently, the use of plant-derived biostimulants has been suggested as a sustainable way to improve the nutritional quality of tomato and mitigate the effects of environmental stresses. In this regard, a two-year experiment was conducted in open field on four cultivars of tomato (two commercial tomatoes and two local landraces of long shelf-life tomato), to assess the crop response, in terms of fruit yield and quality traits, to the foliar application of two plant-derived biostimulants based on protein hydrolysates (PH), under opposite water regimes (no irrigation and full irrigation), in a semi-arid environment of South Italy. Tomato plants in field were sprayed with a solution containing one of the two biostimulants approximately every 15 days. Full irrigation significantly promoted plant productivity, leading to yields the 22 % and 57 % higher than those produced under no irrigation. Biostimulants significantly promoted plant productivity (+57 % and +39 %, respectively under no and full irrigation, on the average of the two biostimulants), although in the first year only. Overall, fruit quality was better in fruits produced in plants exposed to prolonged soil water deficit. Biostimulants, across cultivars and water regimes, had no effect or even declined fruit quality in terms of total solids (TS), soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), reducing sugars (RS). The antioxidants were higher in fruits produced under prolonged soil water deficit. Except in the two commercial tomatoes, lycopene content was greater under full irrigation. Overall, the effects of biostimulants on the antioxidants were rather inconsistent. Significant interactions among the three experimental factors on fruit quality traits suggest that the application of biostimulant should be modulated according to water regime and cultivar, involving specific open-field experiments. Interesting correlations (positive or negative) among all the examined traits were described in the current study. A PCA analysis was conducted to reduce the dimensionality of dataset considering the large number of variables in combination. PCA analysis allowed to distribute cultivars and treatments in four distinct groups, according to quality traits. Fluctuating results between the two years of experiment indicated that the tomato response to the application of biostimulants is strictly season-dependent. Future multi-sites and multi-year research are needed to fine-tune the use of biostimulants and, ultimately, make the crop more economically and environmentally convenient than the cultivation of untreated plants.

Abstract Background Patients’ online record access (ORA) enables patients to read and use their health data through online digital solutions. One such solution, patient-accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) have been implemented in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. While accumulated research has pointed to many potential benefits of ORA, its application in mental healthcare (MHC) continues to be contested. The present study aimed to describe MHC users’ overall experiences with national PAEHR services. Methods The study analysed the MHC-part of the NORDeHEALTH 2022 Patient Survey, a large-scale multi-country survey. The survey consisted of 45 questions, including demographic variables and questions related to users’ experiences with ORA. We focused on the questions concerning positive experiences (benefits), negative experiences (errors, omissions, offence), and breaches of security and privacy. Participants were included in this analysis if they reported receiving mental healthcare within the past two years. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise data, and percentages were calculated on available data. Results 6,157 respondents were included. In line with previous research, almost half (45%) reported very positive experiences with ORA. A majority in each country also reported improved trust (at least 69%) and communication (at least 71%) with healthcare providers. One-third (29.5%) reported very negative experiences with ORA. In total, half of the respondents (47.9%) found errors and a third (35.5%) found omissions in their medical documentation. One-third (34.8%) of all respondents also reported being offended by the content. When errors or omissions were identified, about half (46.5%) reported that they took no action. There seems to be differences in how patients experience errors, omissions, and missing information between the countries. A small proportion reported instances where family or others demanded access to their records (3.1%), and about one in ten (10.7%) noted that unauthorised individuals had seen their health information. Conclusions Overall, MHC patients reported more positive experiences than negative, but a large portion of respondents reported problems with the content of the PAEHR. Further research on best practice in implementation of ORA in MHC is therefore needed, to ensure that all patients may reap the benefits while limiting potential negative consequences.

Introduction: In recent years, generative Artificial Intelligence models, such as ChatGPT, have increasingly been utilized in healthcare. Despite acknowledging the high potential of AI models in terms of quick access to sources and formulating responses to a clinical question, the results obtained using these models still require validation through comparison with established clinical guidelines. This study compares the responses of the AI model to eight clinical questions with the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM) guidelines for ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: The authors used the Delphi method to evaluate responses from ChatGPT and the AIOM guidelines. An expert panel of healthcare professionals assessed responses based on clarity, consistency, comprehensiveness, usability, and quality using a five-point Likert scale. The GRADE methodology assessed the evidence quality and the recommendations’ strength. Results: A survey involving 14 physicians revealed that the AIOM guidelines consistently scored higher averages compared to the AI models, with a statistically significant difference. Post hoc tests showed that AIOM guidelines significantly differed from all AI models, with no significant difference among the AI models. Conclusions: While AI models can provide rapid responses, they must match established clinical guidelines regarding clarity, consistency, comprehensiveness, usability, and quality. These findings underscore the importance of relying on expert-developed guidelines in clinical decision-making and highlight potential areas for AI model improvement.