185 results on '"Scamarcia A."'
Search Results
2. Epidemiology and Burden of Influenza in Children 0–14 Years Over Ten Consecutive Seasons in Italy
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Barbieri, Elisa, Porcu, Gloria, Donà, Daniele, Cavagnis, Sara, Cantarutti, Luigi, Scamarcia, Antonio, McGovern, Ian, Haag, Mendel, Giaquinto, Carlo, and Cantarutti, Anna
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- 2023
- Full Text
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3. Assessing the burden of bronchiolitis and lower respiratory tract infections in children ≤24 months of age in Italy, 2012–2019
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Elisa Barbieri, Sara Cavagnis, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Lorenzo Bertizzolo, Mathieu Bangert, Salvatore Parisi, Anna Cantarutti, Eugenio Baraldi, Carlo Giaquinto, and Vincenzo Baldo
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bronchiolitis ,epidemiology ,Italy ,respiratory syncytial virus ,children ,lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
BackgroundBronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children and is mainly caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Bronchiolitis presents seasonally and lasts about five months, usually between October to March, with peaks of hospitalizations between December and February, in the Northern Hemisphere. The burden of bronchiolitis and RSV in primary care is not well understood.Materials and methodsThis retrospective analysis used data from Pedianet, a comprehensive paediatric primary care database of 161 family paediatricians in Italy. We evaluated the incidence rates (IR) of all-cause bronchiolitis (ICD9-CM codes 466.1, 466.11 or 466.19), all-cause LRTIs, RSV-bronchiolitis and RSV-LRTIs in children from 0 to 24 months of age, between January 2012 to December 2019. The role of prematurity (
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
4. A multiparametric MRI study of structural brain damage in dementia with lewy bodies: A comparison with Alzheimer's disease
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Caso, Francesca, Agosta, Federica, Scamarcia, Pietro G., Basaia, Silvia, Canu, Elisa, Magnani, Giuseppe, Volontè, Maria Antonietta, and Filippi, Massimo
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- 2021
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5. Long term follow-up in advanced Parkinson’s disease treated with DBS of the subthalamic nucleus
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Volonté, Maria Antonietta, Clarizio, Giacomo, Galantucci, Sebastiano, Scamarcia, Pietro Giuseppe, Cardamone, Rosalinda, Barzaghi, Lina Raffaella, Falautano, Monica, Mortini, Pietro, Comi, Giancarlo, and Filippi, Massimo
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- 2021
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6. Retrospective Analysis of the Real-World Use of Topical Antimicrobials in the Paediatric Population with Impetigo in Italy: Focus on the Role of Ozenoxacin 1% Cream
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Elisa Barbieri, Sara Cavagnis, Riccardo Boracchini, Antonio Scamarcia, Angela Testa, Maria Grazia Ciarniello, Biancangela Martinelli, Luigi Cantarutti, Carlo Giaquinto, and Anna Cantarutti
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topical antibiotics ,children ,impetigo ,ozenoxacin ,Pedianet database ,Italy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Using electronic data from a large population-based network of Family Paediatricians (Pedianet), we aimed to describe the use of topical antimicrobials, including ozenoxacin 1% cream, in impetigo in children in Italy. We included 2929 children aged 6 months–14 years from 2016 to 2019 with at least one episode of impetigo treated with topical antimicrobials. Overall, 3051 cases of impetigo were included in the analysis. Treatment started in most cases on the same day as the impetigo diagnosis and lasted around eight days. In about 8% of the cases, a systemic antibiotic was prescribed after the topical antimicrobial, usually after 4–14 days. In this study, ozenoxacin was used in 8% of the cases. Treatment duration was significantly shorter for patients prescribed ozenoxacin compared to the whole study population (median of six vs. seven days, respectively). In contrast, the rate of treatment failure was similar. Very few adverse reactions were identified.
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- 2023
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7. Non-bullous Impetigo: Incidence, Prevalence, and Treatment in the Pediatric Primary Care Setting in Italy
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Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Daniele Dona', Nathalie Falsetto, Mirella Biava, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, and Carlo Giaquinto
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impetigo ,children ,primary care ,antibiotic therapy ,bacterial skin infection ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Impetigo is a common skin infection in children. The worldwide prevalence in children is estimated to be 12%, but this may be lower since high-income countries are under-represented. This research aims to evaluate the incidence, prevalence, and management of children with non-bullous impetigo (NBI) residing in Italy. This retrospective cohort study included children up to 14 years of age enrolled in the Pedianet database from January 2004 to June 2018. Events were identified searching ICD9-CM codes (684 and 694.3) and free text fields for a diagnosis of NBI reported during a primary care visit. Diagnoses were manually validated, and events registered within 30-days after the index date were considered follow-ups. Incidence (IR) and prevalence (PR) rates of NBI were stratified by sex, age group, and calendar year. Topical and systemic antibiotic treatments were grouped based on ATC codes. 15,136 NBI episodes occurred in a total cohort of 225,979 children. The overall IR of NBI was 9.5 per 1,000 person-years, and children aged 1–4 years had the highest IR (13.2 per 1,000 person-years). A significant decrease in NBI IR from 13 per 1,000 person-years in 2004 to 7.46 per 1,000 person-years in 2018 (p < 0.0001) was noted. Most of the episodes were treated; systemic antibiotics were preferred over topical.ConclusionThe prevalence of NBI in children in Italy is less than one third than the global estimate and the trend in time is decreasing. Over prescriptions of systemic antibiotics pose a threat to the diffusion of antimicrobial resistance.
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- 2022
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8. Assessing the burden of bronchiolitis and lower respiratory tract infections in children ≤24 months of age in Italy, 2012–2019
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Barbieri, E, Cavagnis, S, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Bertizzolo, L, Bangert, M, Parisi, S, Cantarutti, A, Baraldi, E, Giaquinto, C, Baldo, V, Barbieri E., Cavagnis S., Scamarcia A., Cantarutti L., Bertizzolo L., Bangert M., Parisi S., Cantarutti A., Baraldi E., Giaquinto C., Baldo V., Barbieri, E, Cavagnis, S, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Bertizzolo, L, Bangert, M, Parisi, S, Cantarutti, A, Baraldi, E, Giaquinto, C, Baldo, V, Barbieri E., Cavagnis S., Scamarcia A., Cantarutti L., Bertizzolo L., Bangert M., Parisi S., Cantarutti A., Baraldi E., Giaquinto C., and Baldo V.
- Abstract
Background: Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children and is mainly caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Bronchiolitis presents seasonally and lasts about five months, usually between October to March, with peaks of hospitalizations between December and February, in the Northern Hemisphere. The burden of bronchiolitis and RSV in primary care is not well understood. Materials and methods: This retrospective analysis used data from Pedianet, a comprehensive paediatric primary care database of 161 family paediatricians in Italy. We evaluated the incidence rates (IR) of all-cause bronchiolitis (ICD9-CM codes 466.1, 466.11 or 466.19), all-cause LRTIs, RSV-bronchiolitis and RSV-LRTIs in children from 0 to 24 months of age, between January 2012 to December 2019. The role of prematurity (<37 weeks of gestational age) as a bronchiolitis risk factor was evaluated and expressed as odds ratio. Results: Of the 108,960 children included in the study cohort, 7,956 episodes of bronchiolitis and 37,827 episodes of LRTIs were recorded for an IR of 47 and 221 × 1,000 person-years, respectively. IRs did not vary significantly throughout the eight years of RSV seasons considered, showing a seasonality usually lasting five months, between October and March, while the peak of incidence was between December and February. Bronchiolitis and LRTI IRs were higher during the RSV season, between October and March, regardless of the month of birth, with bronchiolitis IR being higher in children aged ≤12 months. Only 2.3% of bronchiolitis and LRTI were coded as RSV-related. Prematurity and comorbidity increased the risk of bronchiolitis; however, 92% of cases happened in children born at term, and 97% happened in children with no comorbidities or otherwise healthy. Conclusions: Our results confirm that all children aged ≤24 months are at risk of bronchiolitis and LRTI during the RSV season, regardless of the month of birth, gestational age
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- 2023
9. Retrospective Analysis of the Real-World Use of Topical Antimicrobials in the Paediatric Population with Impetigo in Italy: Focus on the Role of Ozenoxacin 1% Cream
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Barbieri, E, Cavagnis, S, Boracchini, R, Scamarcia, A, Testa, A, Ciarniello, M, Martinelli, B, Cantarutti, L, Giaquinto, C, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri E., Cavagnis S., Boracchini R., Scamarcia A., Testa A., Ciarniello M. G., Martinelli B., Cantarutti L., Giaquinto C., Cantarutti A., Barbieri, E, Cavagnis, S, Boracchini, R, Scamarcia, A, Testa, A, Ciarniello, M, Martinelli, B, Cantarutti, L, Giaquinto, C, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri E., Cavagnis S., Boracchini R., Scamarcia A., Testa A., Ciarniello M. G., Martinelli B., Cantarutti L., Giaquinto C., and Cantarutti A.
- Abstract
Using electronic data from a large population-based network of Family Paediatricians (Pedianet), we aimed to describe the use of topical antimicrobials, including ozenoxacin 1% cream, in impetigo in children in Italy. We included 2929 children aged 6 months-14 years from 2016 to 2019 with at least one episode of impetigo treated with topical antimicrobials. Overall, 3051 cases of impetigo were included in the analysis. Treatment started in most cases on the same day as the impetigo diagnosis and lasted around eight days. In about 8% of the cases, a systemic antibiotic was prescribed after the topical antimicrobial, usually after 4-14 days. In this study, ozenoxacin was used in 8% of the cases. Treatment duration was significantly shorter for patients prescribed ozenoxacin compared to the whole study population (median of six vs. seven days, respectively). In contrast, the rate of treatment failure was similar. Very few adverse reactions were identified.
- Published
- 2023
10. Epidemiology and Burden of Influenza in Children 0-14 Years over Ten Consecutive Seasons in Italy
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Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Dona, D, Cavagnis, S, Cantarutti, L, Scamarcia, A, Mcgovern, I, Haag, M, Giaquinto, C, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri E., Porcu G., Dona D., Cavagnis S., Cantarutti L., Scamarcia A., McGovern I., Haag M., Giaquinto C., Cantarutti A., Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Dona, D, Cavagnis, S, Cantarutti, L, Scamarcia, A, Mcgovern, I, Haag, M, Giaquinto, C, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri E., Porcu G., Dona D., Cavagnis S., Cantarutti L., Scamarcia A., McGovern I., Haag M., Giaquinto C., and Cantarutti A.
- Abstract
Background: In Europe, influenza vaccination coverage in the pediatric population is low. This study describes the influenza incidence and associated healthcare utilization in the pediatric population in Italy. Methods: Deidentified data from electronic medical records for children 0-14 years old seen by >150 family pediatricians in the Pedianet network in Italy were evaluated for 10 influenza seasons spanning 2010-2020. Incidence of influenza (cases per 1000 person-months), related sequelae and associated healthcare resource use were determined using diagnostic, prescription and medical examination data. Results: Over 10 seasons, an average of 8892 influenza cases (range, 4700-12,419; total 88,921) were diagnosed in a cohort of 1,432,384 children 0-14 years of age. Influenza vaccination coverage was 3.6% among children with an influenza diagnosis and 6.8% among children without. Influenza-related healthcare resource utilization included 1.58 family pediatrician visits per influenza episode and 220 ED and 111 hospital admissions, with the highest resource usage among children 1-4 years and lowest among children <6 months old. The most common influenza complications were acute otitis media (2.9% of influenza cases) and pneumonia (0.5%). Antibiotics were prescribed in 38.7% of influenza cases; no antiviral agents were prescribed. One intensive care unit admission and 2 cases requiring ventilatory support were documented. No influenza-related deaths were reported. Conclusion: Pediatric influenza vaccination was low despite the burden and healthcare use related to seasonal influenza in the pediatric population during a 10-year period in Italy.
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- 2023
11. The Economic Burden of Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Population-Based Investigation in the Veneto Region of Italy
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Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Tanaz Petigara, Francesca Senese, Gian Marco Prandi, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, and Carlo Giaquinto
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pneumococcal disease ,pneumonia ,acute otitis media ,invasive pneumococcal disease ,economic burden ,healthcare resource utilization ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Despite widespread childhood immunization programs, pneumococcal disease (PD) continues to be associated with significant clinical and economic burden worldwide. This retrospective study assessed the PD-related economic burden in children from the Veneto region of Italy following the introduction of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) to the Italian immunization schedule in 2010. Between 2010 and 2017, the annual incidences of pneumonia, acute otitis media (AOM), and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), as well as syndromic-disease-related episodes, declined. In our analysis of data from regional expenditure and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) databases related to children < 15 years of age, we found that regional expenditures decreased between 2010 and 2017 for pneumonia (EUR 8.88 to EUR 3.59 million), AOM (EUR 3.78 to EUR 2.76 million), and IPD (EUR 1.40 to EUR 1.00 million). Despite reductions in PD-related expenditure following the introduction of PCV13, there continues to be an economic burden associated with PD in Veneto, Italy.
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- 2022
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12. Antibiotic prescriptions in acute otitis media and pharyngitis in Italian pediatric outpatients
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E. Barbieri, D. Donà, A. Cantarutti, R. Lundin, A. Scamarcia, G. Corrao, L. Cantarutti, and C. Giaquinto
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“Antibiotic prescriptions” ,“wait and see” ,“acute otitis media” “pharyngitis” ,“Italian study” ,“Pediatric patient” ,“Pharmacoepidemiology” ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background Acute otitis media (AOM) and pharyngitis are very common infections in children and adolescents. Italy is one of the European countries with the highest rate of antibiotic prescriptions. The aim of this study is to describe first-line treatment approaches for AOM and pharyngitis in primary care settings in Italy over six years, including the prevalence of ‘wait and see’ for AOM, where prescription of antibiotics is delayed 48 h from presentation, and differences in prescribing for pharyngitis when diagnostic tests are used. Methods The study is a secondary data analysis using Pedianet, a database including data at outpatient level from children aged 0–14 in Italy. Prescriptions per antibiotic group, per age group and per calendar year were described as percentages. “Wait and see” approach rate was described for AOM and pharyngitis prescriptions were further grouped according to the diagnostic test performed and test results. Results We identified 120,338 children followed by 125 family pediatricians between January 2010 and December 2015 for a total of 923,780 person-years of follow-up. Among them 30,394 (mean age 44 months) had at least one AOM diagnosis (n = 54,943) and 52,341 (mean age 5 years) had at least one pharyngitis diagnosis (n = 126,098). 82.5% of AOM diagnoses were treated with an antibiotic within 48 h (mainly amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate) and the “wait and see” approach was adopted only in 17.5% of cases. The trend over time shows an increase in broad spectrum antibiotic prescriptions in the last year (2015). 79,620 (63%) cases of pharyngitis were treated and among GABHS pharyngitis confirmed by rapid test 56% were treated with amoxicillin. The ones not test confirmed were treated mainly with broad spectrum antibiotics. Conclusions Despite guidance to use the ‘wait and see’ approach in the age group analyzed, this strategy is not often used for AOM, as previously noted in other studies in hospital settings. Broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription was more frequent when pharyngitis was not confirmed by rapid test, in keeping with evidence from other studies that diagnostic uncertainty leads to overuse of antibiotics.
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- 2019
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13. A Retrospective Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Non-Invasive Pneumonia in Children
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Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Tianyan Hu, Tanaz Petigara, Francesca Senese, Gian Marco Prandi, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, and Carlo Giaquinto
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pneumonia ,invasive disease ,non-invasive pneumonia ,children ,clinical burden ,Italy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Despite advances in preventative interventions, invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. We studied the annual incidence of pneumococcal-specific and syndromic invasive disease and non-invasive pneumonia in children p = 0.46) throughout the study. Overall IR of non-invasive pneumonia was 10/1000 person-years and decreased significantly (−0.64, p = 0.026) over the study period. Following PCV13 introduction, the IRs of non-invasive pneumonia in children
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- 2022
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14. Influenza Vaccination Effectiveness in Paediatric ‘Healthy’ Patients: A Population-Based Study in Italy
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Anna Cantarutti, Elisa Barbieri, Fabio Didonè, Antonio Scamarcia, Carlo Giaquinto, and Giovanni Corrao
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influenza vaccination ,vaccine effectiveness ,primary care ,real-world evidence ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Seasonal influenza can cause serious morbidity, mortality, and financial burden in pediatric and adult populations. The influenza vaccine (IV) is considered the most effective way to prevent influenza and influenza-like-illness (ILI) complications. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the IV in a cohort of healthy children in Italy. Methods: From the Pedianet database, all healthy children aged six months–14 years between 2009–2019 were enrolled. Cox proportional-hazards models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios and the 95% confidence interval for the association between IV exposure during each season of interest (from October to April of each year) with incident influenza/ILI. Exposure was considered as a time-varying variable. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as (1-HR) × 100. The additive and prolonged effects of IV were evaluated across the seasons. Results: We found a high IV effectiveness among healthy children. No additional or prolonged effects were found. Conclusion: Our data indicates that IV was effective in preventing influenza/ILI in healthy children. Therefore, IV should be encouraged and provided free of charge to healthy children in all the Italian regions every year, reducing disease spread and lowering the burden on the pediatric population.
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- 2022
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15. A Retrospective Database Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged
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Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Tianyan Hu, Tanaz Petigara, Francesca Senese, Gian Marco Prandi, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, and Carlo Giaquinto
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acute otitis media ,recurrent acute otitis media ,incidence ,pneumococcal vaccination ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
This study aimed to assess trends in the incidence of acute otitis media (AOM), a common childhood condition, following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the Veneto region of Italy in 2010. AOM episodes (overall, simple, and recurrent (≥3 or ≥4 episodes in 6 or 12 months, respectively, with ≥1 episode in the preceding 6 months)) in children
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- 2022
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16. Antibiotic Prescriptions for Children With Community-acquired Pneumonia: Findings From Italy
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Costenaro, Paola, Cantarutti, Anna, Barbieri, Elisa, Scamarcia, Antonio, Oletto, Andrea, Sacerdoti, Paolo, Lundin, Rebecca, Cantarutti, Luigi, Giaquinto, Carlo, and Donà, Daniele
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- 2021
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17. Impact of a vaccination programme in children vaccinated with ProQuad, and ProQuad-specific effectiveness against varicella in the Veneto region of Italy
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Carlo Giaquinto, Giovanni Gabutti, Vincenzo Baldo, Marco Villa, Lara Tramontan, Nadia Raccanello, Francesca Russo, Chiara Poma, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Rebecca Lundin, Emilia Perinetti, Xavier Cornen, Stéphane Thomas, Céline Ballandras, Audrey Souverain, and Susanne Hartwig
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Varicella ,Vaccine ,Effectiveness ,Impact ,ProQuad ,Italy ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Monovalent varicella vaccines have been available in the Veneto Region of Italy since 2004. In 2006, a single vaccine dose was added to the immunisation calendar for children aged 14 months. ProQuad®, a quadrivalent measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine, was introduced in May 2007 and used, among other varicella vaccines, until October 2008. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a single dose of ProQuad, and the population impact of a vaccination program (VP) against varicella of any severity in children who received a first dose of ProQuad at 14 months of age in the Veneto Region, Methods All children born in 2006/2007, i.e., eligible for varicella vaccination after ProQuad was introduced, were retrospectively followed through individual-level data linkage between the Pedianet database (varicella cases) and the Regional Immunization Database (vaccination status). The direct effectiveness of ProQuad was estimated as the incidence rate of varicella in ProQuad-vaccinated children aged
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- 2018
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18. Assessing the burden of bronchiolitis and lower respiratory tract infections in children ≤24 months of age in Italy, 2012–2019
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Barbieri, Elisa, primary, Cavagnis, Sara, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Bertizzolo, Lorenzo, additional, Bangert, Mathieu, additional, Parisi, Salvatore, additional, Cantarutti, Anna, additional, Baraldi, Eugenio, additional, Giaquinto, Carlo, additional, and Baldo, Vincenzo, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
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19. The Economic Burden of Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Population-Based Investigation in the Veneto Region of Italy
- Author
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Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, Giaquinto, C, Barbieri E., Porcu G., Petigara T., Senese F., Prandi G. M., Scamarcia A., Cantarutti L., Cantarutti A., Giaquinto C., Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, Giaquinto, C, Barbieri E., Porcu G., Petigara T., Senese F., Prandi G. M., Scamarcia A., Cantarutti L., Cantarutti A., and Giaquinto C.
- Abstract
Despite widespread childhood immunization programs, pneumococcal disease (PD) continues to be associated with significant clinical and economic burden worldwide. This retrospective study assessed the PD-related economic burden in children from the Veneto region of Italy following the introduction of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) to the Italian immunization schedule in 2010. Between 2010 and 2017, the annual incidences of pneumonia, acute otitis media (AOM), and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), as well as syndromic-disease-related episodes, declined. In our analysis of data from regional expenditure and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) databases related to children < 15 years of age, we found that regional expenditures decreased between 2010 and 2017 for pneumonia (EUR 8.88 to EUR 3.59 million), AOM (EUR 3.78 to EUR 2.76 million), and IPD (EUR 1.40 to EUR 1.00 million). Despite reductions in PD-related expenditure following the introduction of PCV13, there continues to be an economic burden associated with PD in Veneto, Italy.
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- 2022
20. Retrospective Analysis of the Real-World Use of Topical Antimicrobials in the Paediatric Population with Impetigo in Italy: Focus on the Role of Ozenoxacin 1% Cream
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Barbieri, Elisa, primary, Cavagnis, Sara, additional, Boracchini, Riccardo, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Testa, Angela, additional, Ciarniello, Maria Grazia, additional, Martinelli, Biancangela, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Giaquinto, Carlo, additional, and Cantarutti, Anna, additional
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- 2023
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21. A multiparametric MRI study of structural brain damage in dementia with lewy bodies: A comparison with Alzheimer's disease
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Giuseppe Magnani, Federica Agosta, Massimo Filippi, Maria Antonietta Volontè, Elisa Canu, Pietro Giuseppe Scamarcia, Silvia Basaia, Francesca Caso, Caso, F., Agosta, F., Scamarcia, P. G., Basaia, S., Canu, E., Magnani, G., Volonte, M. A., and Filippi, M.
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Lewy Body Disease ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Dementia with Lewy bodies ,Brain damage ,computer.software_genre ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,White matter ,α-synuclein ,Atrophy ,Alzheimer Disease ,Voxel ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Dementia ,Neuropsychological assessment ,Gray Matter ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,Hyperintensity ,nervous system diseases ,Normal-appearing white matter ,White-matter hyperintensities ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging ,nervous system ,Neurology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,computer - Abstract
Introduction Differential diagnosis between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for an adequate patients' management but might be challenging. We investigated with advanced MRI techniques gray (GM) and white matter (WM) damage in DLB patients compared to those with AD. Methods 24 DLB patients, 26 age- and disease severity-matched AD patients, and 20 age and sex-matched controls performed clinical and neuropsychological assessment, and brain structural and diffusion-tensor MRI. We measured GM atrophy using voxel-based morphometry, WM hyperintensities (WMH) using a local thresholding segmentation technique, and normal-appearing WM (NAWM) damage using tract-based spatial statistic. Results DLB and AD patients exhibited mild-to-moderate-stage dementia. Compared to controls, GM damage was diffuse in AD, while limited to bilateral thalamus and temporal regions in DLB. Compared to DLB, AD patients exhibited GM atrophy in bilateral fronto-temporal and occipital regions. DLB and AD patients showed higher WMH load than controls, with no differences among each other. WMH in DLB were diffuse with relative prevalence in posterior parietal-occipital regions. Compared to controls, both DLB and AD patients showed reduced microstructural integrity of the main supratentorial and infratentorial NAWM tracts. AD patients exhibited greater posterior NAWM damage than DLB. Conclusions DLB showed prominent WM degeneration compared to the limited GM atrophy, while in AD both tissue compartments were severely involved. In DLB, NAWM microstructural degeneration was independent of WMH, thus revealing two possible underlying processes. Different pathophysiological mechanisms are likely to drive GM and WM damage distribution in DLB and AD.
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- 2021
22. Antibiotic prescriptions in acute otitis media and pharyngitis in Italian pediatric outpatients
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Barbieri, E., Donà, D., Cantarutti, A., Lundin, R., Scamarcia, A., Corrao, G., Cantarutti, L., and Giaquinto, C.
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- 2019
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23. The Economic Burden of Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Population-Based Investigation in the Veneto Region of Italy
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Barbieri, Elisa, primary, Porcu, Gloria, additional, Petigara, Tanaz, additional, Senese, Francesca, additional, Prandi, Gian Marco, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Cantarutti, Anna, additional, and Giaquinto, Carlo, additional
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- 2022
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24. Antibiotic Prescriptions for Children With Community-acquired Pneumonia: Findings From Italy
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Andrea Oletto, Elisa Barbieri, Rebecca Lundin, Carlo Giaquinto, Daniele Donà, Paola Costenaro, Luigi Cantarutti, Antonio Scamarcia, Anna Cantarutti, Paolo Sacerdoti, Costenaro, P, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri, E, Scamarcia, A, Oletto, A, Sacerdoti, P, Lundin, R, Cantarutti, L, Giaquinto, C, and Dona, D
- Subjects
Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,children ,Community-acquired pneumonia ,030225 pediatrics ,Clavulanic acid ,Internal medicine ,Pneumonia, Bacterial ,medicine ,Humans ,pneumonia ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical prescription ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Odds ratio ,Amoxicillin ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Community-Acquired Infections ,community-acquired ,Pneumonia ,Infectious Diseases ,Italy ,Child, Preschool ,antibiotic treatment ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common reasons of prescribing antibiotics for children, often with overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of this study is to describe the antibiotic prescriptions for Italian children with CAP, at the primary care level. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study conducted among children 3 months-14 years of age with CAP, enrolled in Pedianet (http://www.pedianet.it) from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018. Antibiotic treatment was defined as narrow-spectrum (NS-ABT) if amoxicillin and broad-spectrum (BS-ABT) if amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalosporins or any combination. Crude and adjusted logistic regressions for the odds of receiving NS-ABT were conducted (all episodes of CAP and per patient). A P value
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- 2020
25. Longitudinal White Matter Damage Evolution in Parkinson's Disease
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Federica Agosta, Tanja Stojkovic, Elisa Canu, Igor Petrović, Iva Stankovic, Vladana Markovic, Massimo Filippi, Silvia Basaia, Elisabetta Sarasso, Vladimir S. Kostic, Elisabetta Pagani, Edoardo G. Spinelli, Pietro Giuseppe Scamarcia, Elka Stefanova, Scamarcia, P. G., Agosta, F., Spinelli, E. G., Basaia, S., Stojkovic, T., Stankovic, I., Sarasso, E., Canu, E., Markovic, V., Petrovic, I., Stefanova, E., Pagani, E., Kostic, V. S., and Filippi, M.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Longitudinal study ,Parkinson's disease ,White matter ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,normal-appearing white matter ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,white matter hyperintensity ,longitudinal study ,Parkinson Disease ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Executive functions ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,Hyperintensity ,3. Good health ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Cardiology ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Diffusion MRI ,MRI - Abstract
Background White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) have a role in cognitive impairment in normal brain aging, while the effect on Parkinson's disease (PD) progression is still controversial. Objective To investigate the longitudinal evolution of micro- and macrostructural damage of cerebral white matter (WM) and its relationship with the clinical picture in PD. Methods A total of 154 PD patients underwent clinical, cognitive, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment once a year for up to 4 years. Sixty healthy controls underwent the same protocol at baseline. WMHs were identified and total WMH volume was measured. WMHs were also used as exclusion masks to define normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). Using tract-based spatial statistics, diffusion tensor (DT) MRI metrics of whole-brain WM and NAWM were obtained. Linear mixed-effects models defined the longitudinal evolution and association between variables. WM alterations were tested as risk factors of disease progression using linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models. Results At baseline, PD patients showed alterations of all DT MRI measures compared to controls. Longitudinally, DT MRI measures did not vary significantly and no association with clinical variables was found. WMH volume changed over time and was associated with impairment in global cognition, executive functions, and language. Baseline WMH volume was a moderate risk factor for progression to mild cognitive impairment. Conclusions Our study suggests an association between WMHs and cognitive deterioration in PD, whereas WM microstructural damage is a negligible contributor to clinical deterioration. WMHs assessed by MRI can provide an important tool for monitoring the development of cognitive impairment in PD patients. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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- 2022
26. A Retrospective Database Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged <15 Years in the Veneto Region (Italy)
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Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Tianyan Hu, Tanaz Petigara, Francesca Senese, Gian Marco Prandi, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, Carlo Giaquinto, Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Hu, T, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, and Giaquinto, C
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recurrent acute otitis media ,acute otitis media ,incidence ,pneumococcal vaccination ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases - Abstract
This study aimed to assess trends in the incidence of acute otitis media (AOM), a common childhood condition, following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the Veneto region of Italy in 2010. AOM episodes (overall, simple, and recurrent (≥3 or ≥4 episodes in 6 or 12 months, respectively, with ≥1 episode in the preceding 6 months)) in children
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- 2022
27. Antibiotic Prescriptions for Children With Community-acquired Pneumonia: Findings From Italy
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Costenaro, P, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri, E, Scamarcia, A, Oletto, A, Sacerdoti, P, Lundin, R, Cantarutti, L, Giaquinto, C, Dona, D, Costenaro P., Cantarutti A., Barbieri E., Scamarcia A., Oletto A., Sacerdoti P., Lundin R., Cantarutti L., Giaquinto C., Dona D., Costenaro, P, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri, E, Scamarcia, A, Oletto, A, Sacerdoti, P, Lundin, R, Cantarutti, L, Giaquinto, C, Dona, D, Costenaro P., Cantarutti A., Barbieri E., Scamarcia A., Oletto A., Sacerdoti P., Lundin R., Cantarutti L., Giaquinto C., and Dona D.
- Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common reasons of prescribing antibiotics for children, often with overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of this study is to describe the antibiotic prescriptions for Italian children with CAP, at the primary care level. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study conducted among children 3 months-14 years of age with CAP, enrolled in Pedianet (http://www.pedianet.it) from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018. Antibiotic treatment was defined as narrow-spectrum (NS-ABT) if amoxicillin and broad-spectrum (BS-ABT) if amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalosporins or any combination. Crude and adjusted logistic regressions for the odds of receiving NS-ABT were conducted (all episodes of CAP and per patient). A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Among 9691 CAP, 7260 episodes from 6409 children followed by 147 pediatricians were analyzed. The 16.7% of CAP [1216/7260, 95% confidence interval (CI): 15.9%-17.6%] received an NS-ABT while 53.3% (3863/7260, 95% CI: 52%-54.4%) received BS-ABTs and 30% (2181/7260, 95% CI: 28.9%-31.1%) macrolides. Within 10 years, a slight but increasing trend of NS-ABT prescription was observed (P < 0.001). Factors independently associated with reduced odds of receiving an NS-ABT compared with BS-ABT including macrolides were being older than 5 years [odds ratio (OR) 0.45, 95% CI: 0.39-0.52], living in Central/Southern Italy (OR 0.13, 95% CI: 0.10-0.16) and being exposed to ABT 3 months before (OR 0.61, 95% CI: 0.53-0.70). These findings were confirmed comparing NS-ABT versus BS-ABT excluding macrolides (n = 5079) and when the analysis was limited to index CAP. CONCLUSION: Our findings report a very limited prescription of narrow-spectrum antibiotics for Italian children with CAP.
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- 2021
28. Association of treated and untreated gastroesophageal reflux disease in the first year of life with the subsequent development of asthma
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Cantarutti, A, Amidei, C, Valsecchi, C, Scamarcia, A, Corrao, G, Gregori, D, Giaquinto, C, Ludvigsson, J, Canova, C, Cantarutti A., Amidei C. B., Valsecchi C., Scamarcia A., Corrao G., Gregori D., Giaquinto C., Ludvigsson J., Canova C., Cantarutti, A, Amidei, C, Valsecchi, C, Scamarcia, A, Corrao, G, Gregori, D, Giaquinto, C, Ludvigsson, J, Canova, C, Cantarutti A., Amidei C. B., Valsecchi C., Scamarcia A., Corrao G., Gregori D., Giaquinto C., Ludvigsson J., and Canova C.
- Abstract
Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as its treatment with acid-suppressive medications have been considered possible risk factors for the development of asthma, but few studies have disentangled the role of GERD with that of its treatment. The present study aimed at estimating the association of treated and untreated GERD in the first year of life with the risk of asthma. Methods: Retrospective cohort study including all children born between 2004 and 2015 registered in Pedianet, an Italian primary care database. We analyzed the association of children exposed to GERD (both treated and untreated) in the first year of life with the risk of developing clinically assessed asthma (clinical asthma) after 3 years. Secondary outcomes included asthma identified by anti-asthmatic medications (treated asthma) and wheezing after 3 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated comparing children with and without GERD, stratifying by treatment with acid-suppressive medications. Results: Out of 86,381 children, 1652 (1.9%) were affected by GERD in the first year of life, of which 871 (53%) were treated with acid-suppressive medications. Compared with controls, children with GERD were at increased risk of clinical asthma (HR: 1.40, 95% CI 1.15-1.70). Risks were similar between treated and untreated GERD (p = 0.41). Comparable results were found for treated asthma, but no risk increase was seen for wheezing. Discussion: Early-life GERD was associated with subsequent childhood asthma. Similar risks among children with treated and untreated GERD suggest that acid-suppressive medications are unlikely to play a major role in the development asthma.
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- 2021
29. Impact of a vaccination programme in children vaccinated with ProQuad, and ProQuad-specific effectiveness against varicella in the Veneto region of Italy
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Giaquinto, Carlo, Gabutti, Giovanni, Baldo, Vincenzo, Villa, Marco, Tramontan, Lara, Raccanello, Nadia, Russo, Francesca, Poma, Chiara, Scamarcia, Antonio, Cantarutti, Luigi, Lundin, Rebecca, Perinetti, Emilia, Cornen, Xavier, Thomas, Stéphane, Ballandras, Céline, Souverain, Audrey, and Hartwig, Susanne
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- 2018
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30. Non-bullous Impetigo: Incidence, Prevalence, and Treatment in the Pediatric Primary Care Setting in Italy
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Elisa Barbieri, Gloria Porcu, Daniele Dona', Nathalie Falsetto, Mirella Biava, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Anna Cantarutti, Carlo Giaquinto, Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Donà, D, Falsetto, N, Biava, M, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, and Giaquinto, C
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primary care ,children ,bacterial skin infection ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,antibiotic therapy ,impetigo - Abstract
Impetigo is a common skin infection in children. The worldwide prevalence in children is estimated to be 12%, but this may be lower since high-income countries are under-represented. This research aims to evaluate the incidence, prevalence, and management of children with non-bullous impetigo (NBI) residing in Italy. This retrospective cohort study included children up to 14 years of age enrolled in the Pedianet database from January 2004 to June 2018. Events were identified searching ICD9-CM codes (684 and 694.3) and free text fields for a diagnosis of NBI reported during a primary care visit. Diagnoses were manually validated, and events registered within 30-days after the index date were considered follow-ups. Incidence (IR) and prevalence (PR) rates of NBI were stratified by sex, age group, and calendar year. Topical and systemic antibiotic treatments were grouped based on ATC codes. 15,136 NBI episodes occurred in a total cohort of 225,979 children. The overall IR of NBI was 9.5 per 1,000 person-years, and children aged 1–4 years had the highest IR (13.2 per 1,000 person-years). A significant decrease in NBI IR from 13 per 1,000 person-years in 2004 to 7.46 per 1,000 person-years in 2018 (p < 0.0001) was noted. Most of the episodes were treated; systemic antibiotics were preferred over topical.ConclusionThe prevalence of NBI in children in Italy is less than one third than the global estimate and the trend in time is decreasing. Over prescriptions of systemic antibiotics pose a threat to the diffusion of antimicrobial resistance.
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- 2021
31. A Deep Learning Approach to Estimate the Incidence of Infectious Disease Cases for Routinely Collected Ambulatory Records: The Example of Varicella-Zoster
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Lanera, Corrado, primary, Baldi, Ileana, additional, Francavilla, Andrea, additional, Barbieri, Elisa, additional, Tramontan, Lara, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Giaquinto, Carlo, additional, and Gregori, Dario, additional
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- 2022
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32. A Retrospective Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Non-Invasive Pneumonia in Children <15 Years of Age in the Veneto Region, Italy
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Barbieri, Elisa, primary, Porcu, Gloria, additional, Hu, Tianyan, additional, Petigara, Tanaz, additional, Senese, Francesca, additional, Prandi, Gian Marco, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Cantarutti, Anna, additional, and Giaquinto, Carlo, additional
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- 2022
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33. Preventing recurrent acute otitis media with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a five months intermittent treatment: An observational prospective cohort study
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Cantarutti, A, Rea, F, Dona, D, Cantarutti, L, Passarella, A, Scamarcia, A, Lundin, R, Damiani, V, Giaquinto, C, Corrao, G, Cantarutti A., Rea F., Dona D., Cantarutti L., Passarella A., Scamarcia A., Lundin R., Damiani V., Giaquinto C., Corrao G., Cantarutti, A, Rea, F, Dona, D, Cantarutti, L, Passarella, A, Scamarcia, A, Lundin, R, Damiani, V, Giaquinto, C, Corrao, G, Cantarutti A., Rea F., Dona D., Cantarutti L., Passarella A., Scamarcia A., Lundin R., Damiani V., Giaquinto C., and Corrao G.
- Abstract
Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common childhood disease leading to antibiotic use. More than 80% of children under three years of age experience at least one episode, and about one-third of these report significant recurrence of episodes. In recent years, several studies reported that normal nasopharyngeal flora inhibits growth of common otopathogens, suggesting that maintenance of an “adequate” nasopharyngeal flora might prevent occurrence of upper respiratory tract infections, including AOM. This study aims to determine whether five-month treatment with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a nasal spray prevents recurrence of AOM and prescription of antibiotics in children with diagnosis of recurrent AOM. Methods: Observational prospective cohort study including children aged 1–6 years with diagnosis of recurrent AOM registered with 31 Italian family pediatricians. 81 children were enrolled in the study from September 2016 to the end of the five therapeutic cycles of the Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a supplied 7 days each month for 5 consecutive months. For each treated child, one untreated control was randomly selected, 1:1 matched for gender, age, and follow-up. Results: 158 children (79 treated and 70 untreated) were included into the analysis (mean age, 3.9 years; 47% female). Univariate analysis showed a statistically significant 34% (95% CI 1%–56%) reduction in number of AOM episodes in treated children compared with those not treated. Significantly fewer antibiotics were dispensed among treated children (24%, 95% CI 1%–41%). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that intermittent treatment of children with diagnosis of recurrent AOM with nasal spray containing Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a for a period of five months might be effective in preventing antibiotic use associated with recurrent episodes of AOM. Additional larger studies to address this important clini
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- 2020
34. Influenza Vaccination Effectiveness in Paediatric ‘Healthy’ Patients: A Population-Based Study in Italy
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Corrao, Anna Cantarutti, Elisa Barbieri, Fabio Didonè, Antonio Scamarcia, Carlo Giaquinto, and Giovanni
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virus diseases ,influenza vaccination ,vaccine effectiveness ,primary care ,real-world evidence - Abstract
Background: Seasonal influenza can cause serious morbidity, mortality, and financial burden in pediatric and adult populations. The influenza vaccine (IV) is considered the most effective way to prevent influenza and influenza-like-illness (ILI) complications. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the IV in a cohort of healthy children in Italy. Methods: From the Pedianet database, all healthy children aged six months–14 years between 2009–2019 were enrolled. Cox proportional-hazards models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios and the 95% confidence interval for the association between IV exposure during each season of interest (from October to April of each year) with incident influenza/ILI. Exposure was considered as a time-varying variable. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as (1-HR) × 100. The additive and prolonged effects of IV were evaluated across the seasons. Results: We found a high IV effectiveness among healthy children. No additional or prolonged effects were found. Conclusion: Our data indicates that IV was effective in preventing influenza/ILI in healthy children. Therefore, IV should be encouraged and provided free of charge to healthy children in all the Italian regions every year, reducing disease spread and lowering the burden on the pediatric population.
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- 2022
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35. Use of the Bacterial Lysate OM-85 in the Paediatric Population in Italy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
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Carlo Giaquinto, Cristina Canova, Antonio Scamarcia, Anna Cantarutti, Elisa Barbieri, Luigi Cantarutti, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri, E, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Canova, C, and Giaquinto, C
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Adult ,Cell Extracts ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Respiratory tract infection ,paediatric primary care ,medicine.drug_class ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Antibiotics ,OM-85 ,Paediatric primary care ,Respiratory tract infections ,Subgroup analysis ,respiratory tract infections ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical prescription ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Retrospective cohort study ,Amoxicillin ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Italy ,Medicine ,business ,Bacterial lysate ,Paediatric population ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: In Italy, the bacterial lysate OM-85 (Broncho-Vaxom®, Broncho-Munal®, Ommunal®, Paxoral®, Vaxoral®) is registered for the prophylaxis of recurrent respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in adults and children above one year of age, but there are limited data on its use in the paediatric population. We aim to estimate the impact of OM-85 treatment on RTIs and antibiotic prescriptions in children. Methods: This study included children aged 1 to 14 years enrolled in Pedianet, a paediatric general practice research database, from January 2007 to June 2017, having at least one prescription of OM-85. Children with less than 12 months of follow-up before (PRE period) and after (POST period) the OM-85 prescription were excluded. The frequency of antibiotic prescriptions and the frequency of RTI episodes in the PRE and POST periods were compared through the post-hoc test. Subgroup analysis was performed in children with recurrent RTIs. Results: 1091 children received 1382 OM-85 prescriptions for a total follow-up of 619,525.5 person-years. Overall, antibiotic prescriptions decreased from a mean of 2.8 (SD (standard deviation) 2.7) prescriptions in the PRE period to a mean of 2.2 (SD 2.6) prescriptions in the POST period (p <, 0.0001). RTIs decreased from a mean of 3.4 (SD 2.9) episodes in the PRE period to a mean of 2.5 (SD 2.6) episodes in the POST period (p <, 0.0001). No change in antibiotic class was noted, and co-amoxiclav remained the preferred therapy in 28% of cases, followed by amoxicillin. These results were confirmed among children with recurrent RTIs. Conclusions: OM-85 is effective in preventing both antibiotic prescriptions and RTIs in children.
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- 2021
36. A Retrospective Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Non-Invasive Pneumonia in Children <15 Years of Age in the Veneto Region, Italy
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Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Hu, T, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Marco Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, Giaquinto, C, Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Hu, T, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Marco Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, and Giaquinto, C
- Abstract
Despite advances in preventative interventions, invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. We studied the annual incidence of pneumococcal-specific and syndromic invasive disease and non-invasive pneumonia, in children <15 years old during the early (2010–2013) and late (2014–2017) 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) periods in Veneto, Italy. In this retrospective observational study, pneumococcal-specific and syndromic invasive disease and non-invasive pneumonia cases were identified from several sources, including the Pedianet database. Interrupted time series analysis and Mann–Kendall tests were conducted to explore trends in incidence rates (IRs). Among 72,570 patients <15 years old between 2010–2017, 88 episodes of pneumococcal-specific and syndromic invasive disease and 3926 episodes of non-invasive pneumonia were reported. Overall IR of pneumococcal-specific and syndromic invasive disease was 0.4/1000 person-years and did not change significantly (p = 0.46) throughout the study. Overall IR of non-invasive pneumonia was 10/1000 person-years and decreased significantly (−0.64, p = 0.026) over the study period. Following PCV13 introduction, the IRs of non-invasive pneumonia in children <15 years old declined significantly, with no significant change in the IRs of pneumococcal-specific and syndromic invasive disease. There is a continuing clinical burden associated with pediatric pneumococcal diseases in Veneto, Italy.
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- 2022
37. Non-bullous Impetigo: Incidence, Prevalence, and Treatment in the Pediatric Primary Care Setting in Italy
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Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Donà, D, Falsetto, N, Biava, M, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, Giaquinto, C, Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Donà, D, Falsetto, N, Biava, M, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, and Giaquinto, C
- Abstract
Impetigo is a common skin infection in children. The worldwide prevalence in children is estimated to be 12%, but this may be lower since high-income countries are under-represented. This research aims to evaluate the incidence, prevalence, and management of children with non-bullous impetigo (NBI) residing in Italy. This retrospective cohort study included children up to 14 years of age enrolled in the Pedianet database from January 2004 to June 2018. Events were identified searching ICD9-CM codes (684 and 694.3) and free text fields for a diagnosis of NBI reported during a primary care visit. Diagnoses were manually validated, and events registered within 30-days after the index date were considered follow-ups. Incidence (IR) and prevalence (PR) rates of NBI were stratified by sex, age group, and calendar year. Topical and systemic antibiotic treatments were grouped based on ATC codes. 15,136 NBI episodes occurred in a total cohort of 225,979 children. The overall IR of NBI was 9.5 per 1,000 person-years, and children aged 1–4 years had the highest IR (13.2 per 1,000 person-years). A significant decrease in NBI IR from 13 per 1,000 person-years in 2004 to 7.46 per 1,000 person-years in 2018 (p < 0.0001) was noted. Most of the episodes were treated; systemic antibiotics were preferred over topical. Conclusion: The prevalence of NBI in children in Italy is less than one third than the global estimate and the trend in time is decreasing. Over prescriptions of systemic antibiotics pose a threat to the diffusion of antimicrobial resistance.
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- 2022
38. A Retrospective Database Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged <15 Years in the Veneto Region (Italy)
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Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Hu, T, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, Giaquinto, C, Barbieri, E, Porcu, G, Hu, T, Petigara, T, Senese, F, Prandi, G, Scamarcia, A, Cantarutti, L, Cantarutti, A, and Giaquinto, C
- Abstract
This study aimed to assess trends in the incidence of acute otitis media (AOM), a common childhood condition, following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the Veneto region of Italy in 2010. AOM episodes (overall, simple, and recurrent (≥3 or ≥4 episodes in 6 or 12 months, respectively, with ≥1 episode in the preceding 6 months)) in children <15 years of age were identified in Pedianet from 2010–2017. Interrupted time series analyses were conducted to assess changes in the annual incidence rates (IRs) in early (2010–2013) and late (2014–2017) PCV13 periods. In total, 72,570 children (402,868 person-years) were identified; 21,048 had 41,683 AOM episodes. Mean annual AOM IR was 103/1000 person-years (95% confidence interval: 102–104), decreasing from 126 to 79/1000 person-years. AOM IRs were highest in children 2–4 years of age, followed by <2 and 5–14 years of age. Overall and simple AOM IRs decreased among children 0–14 years of age, including 2–4 and 5–14 years of age, while recurrent AOM IRs decreased in children <2 years of age. Following PCV13 introduction, AOM IRs decreased substantially in children <15 years of age, with the greatest benefit observed in older children, driven by a reduction in simple AOM IRs. AOM disease burden remains substantial.
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- 2022
39. Influenza Vaccination Effectiveness in Paediatric ‘Healthy’ Patients: A Population-Based Study in Italy
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Cantarutti, A, Barbieri, E, Didone, F, Scamarcia, A, Giaquinto, C, Corrao, G, Cantarutti, A, Barbieri, E, Didone, F, Scamarcia, A, Giaquinto, C, and Corrao, G
- Abstract
Background: Seasonal influenza can cause serious morbidity, mortality, and financial burden in pediatric and adult populations. The influenza vaccine (IV) is considered the most effective way to prevent influenza and influenza-like-illness (ILI) complications. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the IV in a cohort of healthy children in Italy. Methods: From the Pedianet database, all healthy children aged six months–14 years between 2009–2019 were enrolled. Cox proportional-hazards models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios and the 95% confidence interval for the association between IV exposure during each season of interest (from October to April of each year) with incident influenza/ILI. Exposure was considered as a time-varying variable. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as (1-HR) × 100. The additive and prolonged effects of IV were evaluated across the seasons. Results: We found a high IV effectiveness among healthy children. No additional or prolonged effects were found. Conclusion: Our data indicates that IV was effective in preventing influenza/ILI in healthy children. Therefore, IV should be encouraged and provided free of charge to healthy children in all the Italian regions every year, reducing disease spread and lowering the burden on the pediatric population.
- Published
- 2022
40. Antibiotic prescriptions in acute otitis media and pharyngitis in Italian pediatric outpatients
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Anna Cantarutti, Carlo Giaquinto, Giovanni Corrao, Antonio Scamarcia, Luigi Cantarutti, Elisa Barbieri, Daniele Donà, R. Lundin, Barbieri, E, Dona, D, Cantarutti, A, Lundin, R, Scamarcia, A, Corrao, G, Cantarutti, L, and Giaquinto, C
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,“acute otitis media” “pharyngitis” ,Antibiotics ,“Pharmacoepidemiology” ,"Antibiotic prescriptions" ,"acute otitis media" "pharyngitis" ,0302 clinical medicine ,Outpatients ,“Antibiotic prescriptions” ,030212 general & internal medicine ,"Italian study" ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Child ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,Outpatient ,“Italian study” ,Pharmacoepidemiology ,Pharyngitis ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,“Pediatric patient” ,Italy ,“wait and see” ,Child, Preschool ,Acute Disease ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,"Pharmacoepidemiology" ,medicine.drug ,Human ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Acute otitis media ,03 medical and health sciences ,"Pediatric patient" ,030225 pediatrics ,Anti-Bacterial Agent ,medicine ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,Medical prescription ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Research ,Infant ,Secondary data ,Retrospective cohort study ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,Amoxicillin ,Otitis Media ,"wait and see" ,business - Abstract
Background Acute otitis media (AOM) and pharyngitis are very common infections in children and adolescents. Italy is one of the European countries with the highest rate of antibiotic prescriptions. The aim of this study is to describe first-line treatment approaches for AOM and pharyngitis in primary care settings in Italy over six years, including the prevalence of ‘wait and see’ for AOM, where prescription of antibiotics is delayed 48 h from presentation, and differences in prescribing for pharyngitis when diagnostic tests are used. Methods The study is a secondary data analysis using Pedianet, a database including data at outpatient level from children aged 0–14 in Italy. Prescriptions per antibiotic group, per age group and per calendar year were described as percentages. “Wait and see” approach rate was described for AOM and pharyngitis prescriptions were further grouped according to the diagnostic test performed and test results. Results We identified 120,338 children followed by 125 family pediatricians between January 2010 and December 2015 for a total of 923,780 person-years of follow-up. Among them 30,394 (mean age 44 months) had at least one AOM diagnosis (n = 54,943) and 52,341 (mean age 5 years) had at least one pharyngitis diagnosis (n = 126,098). 82.5% of AOM diagnoses were treated with an antibiotic within 48 h (mainly amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate) and the “wait and see” approach was adopted only in 17.5% of cases. The trend over time shows an increase in broad spectrum antibiotic prescriptions in the last year (2015). 79,620 (63%) cases of pharyngitis were treated and among GABHS pharyngitis confirmed by rapid test 56% were treated with amoxicillin. The ones not test confirmed were treated mainly with broad spectrum antibiotics. Conclusions Despite guidance to use the ‘wait and see’ approach in the age group analyzed, this strategy is not often used for AOM, as previously noted in other studies in hospital settings. Broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription was more frequent when pharyngitis was not confirmed by rapid test, in keeping with evidence from other studies that diagnostic uncertainty leads to overuse of antibiotics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13052-019-0696-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2019
41. Influenza Vaccination Effectiveness in Paediatric ‘Healthy’ Patients: A Population-Based Study in Italy
- Author
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Cantarutti, Anna, primary, Barbieri, Elisa, additional, Didonè, Fabio, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Giaquinto, Carlo, additional, and Corrao, Giovanni, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
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42. Non-bullous Impetigo: Incidence, Prevalence, and Treatment in the Pediatric Primary Care Setting in Italy
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Barbieri, Elisa, primary, Porcu, Gloria, additional, Dona', Daniele, additional, Falsetto, Nathalie, additional, Biava, Mirella, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Cantarutti, Anna, additional, and Giaquinto, Carlo, additional
- Published
- 2022
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43. A Retrospective Database Analysis to Estimate the Burden of Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged <15 Years in the Veneto Region (Italy)
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Barbieri, Elisa, primary, Porcu, Gloria, additional, Hu, Tianyan, additional, Petigara, Tanaz, additional, Senese, Francesca, additional, Prandi, Gian Marco, additional, Scamarcia, Antonio, additional, Cantarutti, Luigi, additional, Cantarutti, Anna, additional, and Giaquinto, Carlo, additional
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- 2022
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44. Community-Acquired Rotavirus Gastroenteritis Compared with Adenovirus and Norovirus Gastroenteritis in Italian Children: A Pedianet Study
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D. Donà, E. Mozzo, A. Scamarcia, G. Picelli, M. Villa, L. Cantarutti, and C. Giaquinto
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Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background. Rotavirus (RV) is the commonest pathogen in the hospital and primary care settings, followed by Adenovirus (AV) and Norovirus (NV). Only few studies that assess the burden of RV gastroenteritis at the community level have been carried out. Objectives. To estimate incidence, disease characteristics, seasonal distribution, and working days lost by parents of RV, AV, and NV gastroenteritis leading to a family pediatrician (FP) visit among children < 5 years. Methods. 12-month, observational, prospective, FP-based study has been carried out using Pedianet database. Results. RVGE incidence was 1.04 per 100 person-years with the highest incidence in the first 2 years of life. Incidences of AVGEs (1.74) and NVGEs (1.51) were slightly higher with similar characteristics regarding age distribution and symptoms. Risk of hospitalisation, access to emergency room (ER), and workdays lost from parents were not significantly different in RVGEs compared to the other viral infections. Conclusions. Features of RVGE in terms of hospitalisation length and indirect cost are lower than those reported in previous studies. Results of the present study reflect the large variability of data present in the literature. This observation underlines the utility of primary care networks for AGE surveillance and further studies on community-acquired gastroenteritis in children.
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- 2016
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45. Association of treated and untreated gastroesophageal reflux disease in the first year of life with the subsequent development of asthma
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Claudio Barbiellini Amidei, Cristina Canova, Dario Gregori, Carlo Giaquinto, Camilla Valsecchi, Giovanni Corrao, Anna Cantarutti, Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Antonio Scamarcia, Cantarutti, A, Amidei, C, Valsecchi, C, Scamarcia, A, Corrao, G, Gregori, D, Giaquinto, C, Ludvigsson, J, and Canova, C
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,First year of life ,Disease ,Article ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Anti-Asthmatic Agents ,Child ,Asthma ,Retrospective Studies ,Pediatric ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Reflux ,Retrospective cohort study ,Acid-suppressive medication ,GERD ,medicine.disease ,humanities ,digestive system diseases ,Confidence interval ,Gastroesophageal Reflux ,Acid-suppressive medications ,Female ,business - Abstract
Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as its treatment with acid-suppressive medications have been considered possible risk factors for the development of asthma, but few studies have disentangled the role of GERD with that of its treatment. The present study aimed at estimating the association of treated and untreated GERD in the first year of life with the risk of asthma. Methods: Retrospective cohort study including all children born between 2004 and 2015 registered in Pedianet, an Italian primary care database. We analyzed the association of children exposed to GERD (both treated and untreated) in the first year of life with the risk of developing clinically assessed asthma (clinical asthma) after 3 years. Secondary outcomes included asthma identified by anti-asthmatic medications (treated asthma) and wheezing after 3 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated comparing children with and without GERD, stratifying by treatment with acid-suppressive medications. Results: Out of 86,381 children, 1652 (1.9%) were affected by GERD in the first year of life, of which 871 (53%) were treated with acid-suppressive medications. Compared with controls, children with GERD were at increased risk of clinical asthma (HR: 1.40, 95% CI 1.15–1.70). Risks were similar between treated and untreated GERD (p = 0.41). Comparable results were found for treated asthma, but no risk increase was seen for wheezing. Discussion: Early-life GERD was associated with subsequent childhood asthma. Similar risks among children with treated and untreated GERD suggest that acid-suppressive medications are unlikely to play a major role in the development asthma.
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- 2021
46. Long term follow-up in advanced Parkinson’s disease treated with DBS of the subthalamic nucleus
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Monica Falautano, Rosalinda Cardamone, Sebastiano Galantucci, Maria Antonietta Volontè, Lina Raffaella Barzaghi, Massimo Filippi, Giacomo Clarizio, Giancarlo Comi, Pietro Giuseppe Scamarcia, Pietro Mortini, Volonte, M. A., Clarizio, G., Galantucci, S., Scamarcia, P. G., Cardamone, R., Barzaghi, L. R., Falautano, M., Mortini, P., Comi, G., and Filippi, M.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Parkinson's disease ,Deep brain stimulation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Disease ,Follow-up studies ,Subthalamic nucleus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Neuroradiology ,business.industry ,Neuropsychology ,medicine.disease ,nervous system diseases ,surgical procedures, operative ,nervous system ,Anesthesia ,Parkinson’s disease ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,therapeutics ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting both motor and non-motor systems. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) has been an approved treatment for PD for more than 30years, but few data are available regarding its long-term effectiveness. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate patients’ outcome, both from a motor and non-motor perspective, 9 to 14years after DBS implantation. We have investigated patients with advanced PD and treated with STN-DBS, in relation to key clinical features of PD. Methods: 18 patients were assessed both retrospectively and prospectively. They underwent motor examination, neuropsychological evaluation and questionnaires on the quality of life, preoperatively, as well as 1, 9 and 14years after DBS surgery. All patients were implanted with STN-DBS at San Raffaele Hospital between 2004 and 2010. Results: 13 males and five females underwent DBS implantation with a mean PD duration of 11years. Stimulation significantly improved med-off/stim-on condition up to 9years, compared to the preoperative off state, and med-on/stim-on condition at 14years, compared to med-on/stim-off state. Long term improvement specifically involved tremor and rigidity, as well as dopaminergic daily dose. At the same time, STN-DBS had no long-lasting effect on axial symptoms and cognitive functions. Conclusions: STN-DBS remains an effective therapy for advanced PD, also over the years. Despite the underlying progression of the disease, this treatment extends the period in which the overall quality of life is still acceptable.
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- 2021
47. Striatal Atrophy and Hypometabolism in Drug-Resistant Non-Ketotic Hyperglycemic Chorea-Ballism
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Nicoletta Anzalone, Massimo Filippi, Federica Agosta, Maria Antonietta Volontè, Pietro Giuseppe Scamarcia, Scamarcia, P. G., Agosta, F., Anzalone, N., Volonte, M. A., and Filippi, M.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,Text mining ,Neurology ,business.industry ,Chorea-ballism ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Drug resistance ,Striatal atrophy ,business ,Letters: New Observations - Published
- 2021
48. Update on neuroimaging in non-Alzheimer's disease dementia: a focus on the Lewy body disease spectrum
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Federica Agosta, Francesca Caso, Pietro Giuseppe Scamarcia, Massimo Filippi, Scamarcia, Pietro G, Agosta, Federica, Caso, Francesca, and Filippi, Massimo
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Lewy Body Disease ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Imaging biomarker ,business.industry ,Brain ,Neuroimaging ,Disease ,Neuroimaging biomarkers ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Neurology ,Positron emission tomography ,Alzheimer Disease ,medicine ,Dementia ,Humans ,Neurology (clinical) ,Differential diagnosis ,business ,Lewy body disease ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Purpose of review An accurate differential diagnosis between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD dementia is of paramount importance to study disease mechanisms, define prognosis, and select patients for disease-specific treatments. The purpose of the present review is to describe the most recent neuroimaging studies in Lewy body disease spectrum (LBDS), focusing on differences with AD. Recent findings Different neuroimaging methods are used to investigate patterns of alterations, which can be helpful to distinguish LBDS from AD. Positron emission tomography radiotracers and advanced MRI structural and functional methods discriminate these two conditions with increasing accuracy. Prodromal disease stages can be identified, allowing an increasingly earlier diagnosis. Summary Neuroimaging biomarkers can aid in obtaining the best diagnostic accuracy in LBDS. Despite the main role of neuroimaging in clinical setting is to exclude secondary causes of dementia, structural and metabolic imaging techniques give an essential help to study in-vivo pathophysiological mechanisms of diseases. The importance of neuroimaging in LBDS is given by the increasing number of imaging biomarker developed and studied in the last years.
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- 2021
49. Enhancing Michigan's Local Public Health Accreditation Program Through Participation in the Multistate Learning Collaborative
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Kushion, Mary L., Tews, Debra Scamarcia, and Parker, Melody D.
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- 2007
50. Longitudinal White Matter Damage Evolution in Parkinson's Disease
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Scamarcia, Pietro Giuseppe, primary, Agosta, Federica, additional, Spinelli, Edoardo Gioele, additional, Basaia, Silvia, additional, Stojković, Tanja, additional, Stankovic, Iva, additional, Sarasso, Elisabetta, additional, Canu, Elisa, additional, Markovic, Vladana, additional, Petrović, Igor, additional, Stefanova, Elka, additional, Pagani, Elisabetta, additional, Kostic, Vladimir S., additional, and Filippi, Massimo, additional
- Published
- 2021
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