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Introduction. This article reports data on the convergent and divergent validity of the Spanish adaptation of Spielberger's State-Trait Depression Questionnaire (ST-DEP). This questionnaire is a new tool because it offers an alternative to the obstacles found in most of the depression assessment scales that are differentiated in the content they evaluate and their estimation of depression levels. Methodology. The present study was carried out with a sample of 300 participants (103 males and 197 females), with mean age of 21.82 (2.74 s.d.) for males and 22.26 (3.66 s.d.) for females. All participants received information about the investigation and participated voluntarily. Results and conclusions. The results indicate high and significant correlations of the Spanish ST-DEP scales with other depression measures (BDI, BDQ-R), thus showing the convergent validity of this questionnaire. Highly significant correlations between the Spanish ST-DEP and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) also appear, confirming that reported about the comorbidity between both disorders and the high scores in anxiety that subjects with depression have. In contrast, correlations with the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2) were low and non-significant in most cases, which demonstrated the divergent validity of the ST-DEP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between March and May 2020, the Spanish Ministry of Health and the Spanish Psychological Association created the Psychological First Care Service (Servicio de Primera Ayuda Psicológica-SPAP), a national helpline designed to provide early psychological intervention to those people affected by COVID-19. This service attended more than 15,000 calls and carried out more than 11,000 interventions and 9,500 follow-ups with the general population, healthcare and other essential professionals and the patients and relatives of the sick or deceased. Results show that the majority of calls (45.7%) came from the Autonomous Community of Madrid, that women significantly used this service in a higher proportion than men (73.5%) and that the commonest age range among users was 40-59. 75.9% of consultations were related to psychological problems linked to anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, grief symptoms also stood out among the patients or relatives of the sick and deceased and, to a lesser extent, stress symptoms were prevalent in the group of professionals. These data show the usefulness of this early psychological care service and the need for similar resources to be implemented in coordination with or within the National Health System.

Background: Demand for primary care (PC) services in Spain exceeds available resources. Part of this strong demand is due to the high prevalence of emotional disorders (EDs)-anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom disorders-and related comorbidities such as pain or chronic illnesses. EDs are often under- or misdiagnosed by general practitioners (GPs) and, consequently, treatment is frequently inadequate., Objective: We aim to compare the short- and long-term effectiveness of group-delivered transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (TD-CBT) versus treatment as usual (TAU) in the treatment of EDs in the PC setting in Spain. We also aim to compare the effect of these treatments on disability, quality of life, cognitive-emotional factors, and treatment satisfaction., Methods: Here we present the study design of a two-arm, single-blind, randomized controlled trial (N=1126) to compare TAU to TD-CBT for EDs. TAU will consist primarily of pharmacological treatment and practical advice from the GP while TD-CBT will be administered in seven 90-minute group sessions held over a period ranging from 12 to 14 weeks. Psychological assessments are carried out at baseline (ie, pretreatment); posttreatment; and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. The study is conducted in approximately 26 PC centers from the National Health System in Spain., Results: This study was initiated in December 2013 and will remain open to new participants until recruitment and follow-up has been completed. We expect all posttreatment evaluations to be completed by December 2017, and follow-up will end in December 2018., Conclusions: We expect the TD-CBT group to have better results compared to TAU on all posttreatment measures and that this improvement will be maintained during follow-up. This project could serve as a model for use in other areas or services of the National Health System in Spain and even in other countries., Clinicaltrial: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 58437086; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN58437086 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6mbYjQSn3)., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: None declared., (©Antonio Cano-Vindel, Roger Muñoz-Navarro, Cristina Mae Wood, Joaquín T. Limonero, Leonardo Adrián Medrano, Paloma Ruiz-Rodríguez, Irene Gracia-Gracia, Esperanza Dongil-Collado, Iciar Iruarrizaga, Fernando Chacón, Francisco Santolaya. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 23.12.2016.)

Introduction: This article reports data on the convergent and divergent validity of the Spanish adaptation of Spielberger's State-Trait Depression Questionnaire (ST-DEP). This questionnaire is a new tool because it offers an alternative to the obstacles found in most of the depression assessment scales that are differentiated in the content they evaluate and their estimation of depression levels., Methodology: The present study was carried out with a sample of 300 participants (103 males and 197 females), with mean age of 21.82 (2.74 s.d.) for males and 22.26 (3.66 s.d.) for females. All participants received information about the investigation and participated voluntarily., Results and Conclusions: The results indicate high and significant correlations of the Spanish ST-DEP scales with other depression measures (BDI, BDQ-R), thus showing the convergent validity of this questionnaire. Highly significant correlations between the Spanish ST-DEP and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) also appear, confirming that reported about the comorbidity between both disorders and the high scores in anxiety that subjects with depression have. In contrast, correlations with the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2) were low and non-significant in most cases, which demonstrated the divergent validity of the ST-DEP.