39 results on '"Sandra Niendorf"'
Search Results
2. Genetic diversity of enteric viruses responsible of gastroenteritis in urban and rural Burkina Faso.
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Ange Oho Roseline Badjo, Sandra Niendorf, Sonja Jacobsen, Arsène Zongo, Andreas Mas Marques, Ann Christin Vietor, Nongodo Firmin Kabore, Armel Poda, Satouro Arsène Some, Aminata Ouattara, Soumeya Ouangraoua, Grit Schubert, Tim Eckmanns, Fabian H Leendertz, Essia Belarbi, and Abdoul-Salam Ouedraogo
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundViral gastrointestinal infections remain a major public health concern in developing countries. In Burkina Faso, there are very limited updated data on the circulating viruses and their genetic diversity.ObjectivesThis study investigates the detection rates and characteristics of rotavirus A (RVA), norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV) and human astrovirus (HAstV) in patients of all ages with acute gastrointestinal infection in urban and rural areas.Study design & methodsFrom 2018 to 2021, stool samples from 1,295 patients with acute gastroenteritis were collected and screened for RVA, NoV, SaV and HAstV. Genotyping and phylogenetic analyses were performed on a subset of samples.ResultsAt least one virus was detected in 34.1% of samples. NoV and SaV were predominant with detection rates of respectively 10.5 and 8.8%. We identified rare genotypes of NoV GII, RVA and HAstV, recombinant HAstV strains and a potential zoonotic RVA transmission event.ConclusionsWe give an up-to-date epidemiological picture of enteric viruses in Burkina Faso, showing a decrease in prevalence but a high diversity of circulating strains. However, viral gastroenteritis remains a public health burden, particularly in pediatric settings. Our data advocate for the implementation of routine viral surveillance and updated management algorithms for diarrheal disease.
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- 2024
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3. Emergence of Novel Norovirus GII.4 Variant
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Preeti Chhabra, Damien C. Tully, Janet Mans, Sandra Niendorf, Leslie Barclay, Jennifer L. Cannon, Anna M. Montmayeur, Chao-Yang Pan, Nicola Page, Rachel Williams, Helena Tutill, Sunando Roy, Cristina Celma, Stuart Beard, Michael L. Mallory, Gédéon Prince Manouana, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Ayola Akim Adegnika, Peter G. Kremsner, Lisa C. Lindesmith, Stéphane Hué, Ralph S. Baric, Judith Breuer, and Jan Vinjé
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norovirus ,viruses ,enteric infections ,acute gastroenteritis ,United States ,United Kingdom ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
We detected a novel GII.4 variant with an amino acid insertion at the start of epitope A in viral protein 1 of noroviruses from the United States, Gabon, South Africa, and the United Kingdom collected during 2017–2022. Early identification of GII.4 variants is crucial for assessing pandemic potential and informing vaccine development.
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- 2024
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4. Gut microbiota in vaccine naïve Gabonese children with rotavirus A gastroenteritis
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Gédéon Prince Manouana, Salih Kuk, Le Thi Kieu Linh, Srinivas Reddy Pallerla, Sandra Niendorf, Peter G. Kremsner, Ayola Akim Adegnika, and Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan
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Rotavirus A ,Diarrhoea ,Children ,16S rRNA ,Gut microbiota ,Gabon ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Background: While the gut microbiome modulates the pathogenesis of enteric viruses, how infections caused by rotavirus A (RVA), with or without diarrhoea, alter the gut microbiota has been sparsely studied. Methods: From a cohort of 224 vaccine naïve Gabonese children with and without diarrhoea (n = 177 and n = 67, respectively), 48 stool samples were analysed: (i) RVA with diarrhoea (n = 12); (ii) RVA without diarrhoea (n = 12); (iii) diarrhoea without RVA (n = 12); (iv) healthy controls without diarrhoea and RVA (n = 12). The 16S rRNA metabarcoding using Oxford Nanopore sequencing data was analysed for taxonomic composition, abundance, alpha and beta diversity, and metabolic pathways. Findings: Alpha diversity showed that children with acute diarrhoea (with and without RVA infection), and children with acute diarrhoea without RVA had low microbial diversity compared to healthy children (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). No significant differences observed when comparing children with RVA with or without diarrhoea. Beta diversity revealed high microbial heterogeneity in children without diarrhoea. Proteobacteria (68%) and Firmicutes (69%) were most common in the diarrhoea and non-diarrhoea groups, respectively. Proteobacteria (53%) were most common in children without RVA, while Firmicutes (55%) were most common with RVA. At the genus level, Escherichia (21%), Klebsiella (10%) and Salmonella (4%) were abundant in children with diarrhoea, while Blautia (11%), Clostridium (8%), Lachnoclostridium (6%) and Ruminococcus (5%) were abundant in children without diarrhoea. Metabolites involved in amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleotide, and vitamin metabolism were quantitatively altered. Interpretation: Although host physiology dictates the intestinal milieu, diarrhoea per se can alter a balanced gut microbiota, whereas infectious diarrhoea disrupts the gut microbiome and reduces its diversity.
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- 2024
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5. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus circulation in Germany
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Sonja Jacobsen, Mirko Faber, Britta Altmann, Andreas Mas Marques, C.-Thomas Bock, and Sandra Niendorf
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Norovirus surveillance ,Dual typing ,Molecular epidemiology ,Germany ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Other systems of medicine ,RZ201-999 - Abstract
Human norovirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in all age groups. The virus is constantly and rapidly changing, allowing mutations and recombination events to create great diversity of circulating viruses. With the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, a wide range of public health measures were introduced worldwide to control human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In Germany, control measures such as distance rules, contact restrictions, personal protection equipment as well as intensive hand hygiene were introduced. To better understand the effect of the measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence and the molecular epidemiological dynamics of norovirus outbreaks in Germany, we analyzed national notification data between July 2017 and December 2022 and characterized norovirus sequences circulating between January 2018 and December 2022. Compared to a reference period before the pandemic, the incidence of notified norovirus gastroenteritis decreased by 89.7% to 9.6 per 100,000 during the 2020/2021 norovirus season, corresponding to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.10. Samples from 539 outbreaks were genotyped in two regions of the viral genome from pre-pandemic (January 2018 to February 2020) and samples from 208 outbreaks during pandemic time period (March 2020 to December 2022). As expected, norovirus outbreaks were mainly found in child care facilities and nursing homes. In total, 36 genotypes were detected in the study period. A high proportion of recombinant strains (86%) was found in patients, the proportion of detected recombinant viruses did not vary between the pre-pandemic and pandemic phase. The proportion of the predominant recombinant strain GII.4 Sydney[P16] was unchanged before pandemic and during pandemic at 37.5%. The diversity of most common genotypes in nursing homes and child care facilities showed a different proportion of genotypes causing outbreaks. In nursing homes as well as in child care facilities GII.4 Sydney[P16] was predominant during the whole study period. Compared to the nursing homes, a greater variety of genotypes at the expense of GII.4 Sydney[P16] was detected in child care facilities. Furthermore, the overall proportion of recombinant strain GII.3[P12] increased during the pandemic, due to outbreaks in child care facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic had a high impact on the occurrence of sporadic cases and norovirus outbreaks in Germany, leading to a near suppression of the typical norovirus winter season following the start of the pandemic. The number of norovirus-associated outbreak samples sent to the Consultant Laboratory dropped by 63% during the pandemic. We could not identify a clear influence on circulating norovirus genotypes. The dominance of GII.4 Sydney recombinant strains was independent from the pandemic. Further studies are needed to follow up on the diversity of less predominant genotypes to see if the pandemic could have acted as a bottleneck to the spread of previously minoritized genotypes like GII.3[P12].
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- 2024
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6. RT-PCR-based assessment of the SD Bioline Rota/Adeno Antigen-based test in infants with and without diarrhea
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Gédéon Prince Manouana, Paul Alvyn Nguema-Moure, Alexandru Tomazatos, Moustapha Nzamba Maloum, C.-Thomas Bock, Peter G. Kremsner, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Akim Ayola Adegnika, and Sandra Niendorf
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Rotavirus A ,SD BIOLINE Rota/Adeno Ag RDT ,RT-qPCR ,Diagnostic ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Rotavirus A (RVA) infections remain a major cause of severe acute diarrhea affecting children worldwide. To date, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are widely used to detect RVA. However, paediatricians question whether the RDT can still detect the virus accurately. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of the rapid rotavirus test in comparison to the one-step RT-qPCR method. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lambaréné, Gabon, from April 2018 to November 2019. Stool samples were collected from children under 5 years of age with diarrhoea or a history of diarrhoea within the last 24 h, and from asymptomatic children from the same communities. All stool samples were processed and analysed using the SD BIOLINE Rota/Adeno Ag RDT against a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), which is considered the gold standard. Results For a total of 218 collected stool samples, the overall sensitivity of the RDT was 46.46% (confidence interval (CI) 36.38–56.77), with a specificity of 96.64% (CI 91.62–99.08) compared to one-step RT-qPCR. After confirming the presence or absence of RVA gastroenteritis, the RDT showed suitable results in detecting rotavirus A-associated disease, with a 91% concordance with the RT-qPCR. Furthermore, the performance of this test varied when correlated with seasonality, symptoms, and rotavirus genotype. Conclusion This RDT showed high sensitivity and was suitable for the detection of RVA in patients with RVA gastroenteritis, although some asymptomatic RVA shedding was missed by RT-qPCR. It could be a useful diagnostic tool, especially in low-income countries.
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- 2023
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7. Diversity of human astroviruses in Germany 2018 and 2019
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Sandra Niendorf, Andreas Mas Marques, Claus-Thomas Bock, and Sonja Jacobsen
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Human astroviruses ,Viral gastroenteritis ,Molecular surveillance ,Genotyping ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Aim of this study was to investigate the molecular diversity of human astroviruses (HAstV) in Germany. A follow-up study was performed with human stool samples collected in 2018–2019, which were genotyped retrospectively. A total of 2645 stool samples, collected between January 2018 and December 2019 from sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were analyzed. An algorithm of PCR systems was used to characterize human astrovirus. Human astroviruses were found in 40 samples (positive rate: 1.6%). During the study period, children aged 1–2 years (48%) were most affected by HAstV. Genotyping revealed a number of nine circulating genotypes representing four human Mamastrovirus species. Strain MLB1 was predominant in the study population with a detection rate of 25% followed by HAstV1 with a positive rate of 20%. The diversity of astrovirus genotypes seems to be rather stable in Germany in the last years. A clustering of regionally and/or temporally linked human astroviruses in Germany was not detectable.
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- 2022
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8. Human astrovirus infection associated with encephalitis in an immunocompetent child: a case report
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Georgia Koukou, Sandra Niendorf, Britt Hornei, Jan-U Schlump, Andreas C. Jenke, and Sonja Jacobsen
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Classic human astroviruses ,CNS infections ,Encephalitis ,Immunocompetent ,Gastroenteritis ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Until today, classic human astroviruses have not been associated with central nervous system infections in immunocompetent patients. Case presentation A 16-month-old Caucasian girl presented with repetitive generalized seizures with a 4-day history of watery diarrhea, which had already gradually improved. Initially, the prolonged seizures ceased after systemic midazolam treatment and were thought to be fever associated. However, her mental status remained altered, and after seizure recurrence, she was transferred to our pediatric intensive care unit. Seizure control was achieved by a combination of high-dose levetiracetam and phenobarbital, but she remained unconscious. An electroencephalogram at this time revealed generalized high voltage theta activity. All laboratory analyses, including extended blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses, and a brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal. On day 4, the child gradually became conscious, but was very agitated and not able to walk. Since an electroencephalogram at this time still revealed generalized high voltage theta activity, although she had not received sedative medications for 72 hours, she was diagnosed as having encephalopathy. At that time, results of diagnostic testing of the stool sample were positive for classic astrovirus infection, and we decided to analyze the initially obtained cerebrospinal fluid for astrovirus as well. Cerebrospinal fluid was also found positive for human astrovirus. Sequencing analysis revealed a classic astrovirus genotype 1 with exactly the same nucleotide sequence as in the feces. Clinically, the child gradually improved and was discharged on day 9. Conclusions Whereas the new human astrovirus subtypes have been recently associated with central nervous system infection, this is the first case of encephalitis in an immunocompetent child due to classic human astrovirus. Considering that classic human astroviruses are the third most common etiological agents of viral gastroenteritis in children, we believe that human astroviruses as causative agents for central nervous system infections should be considered more often, especially in children and infants with preceding gastroenteritis.
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- 2019
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9. Molecular surveillance and genetic divergence of rotavirus A antigenic epitopes in Gabonese children with acute gastroenteritis
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Gédéon Prince Manouana, Sandra Niendorf, Alexandru Tomazatos, Mirabeau Mbong Ngwese, Moustapha Nzamba Maloum, Paul Alvyn Nguema Moure, Gedeon Bingoulou Matsougou, Simon Ategbo, Elie Gide Rossatanga, C. Thomas Bock, Steffen Borrmann, Benjamin Mordmüller, Daniel Eibach, Peter G. Kremsner, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, and Ayola Akim Adegnika
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Rotavirus A ,Vaccines ,Genotypes ,Antigenic epitopes ,Acute gastroenteritis ,Africa ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Rotavirus A (RVA) causes acute gastroenteritis in children
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- 2021
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10. Differentiation between Wild-Type Group A Rotaviruses and Vaccine Strains in Cases of Suspected Horizontal Transmission and Adverse Events Following Vaccination
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Sonja Jacobsen, Sandra Niendorf, Roswitha Lorenz, C.-Thomas Bock, and Andreas Mas Marques
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rotavirus A ,acute gastroenteritis ,vaccination ,virus shedding ,diagnostic workflow ,molecular diagnostics ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Human group A rotaviruses (RVA) are important enteric pathogens, as they are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Since 2013, the German Standing Committee on vaccination recommended the routine rotavirus vaccination for infants in Germany. While vaccination has significantly decreased RVA cases and worldwide mortality, in some cases, infants can develop acute gastroenteritis as an adverse reaction after immunization with an attenuated live vaccine. Pediatricians, as well as clinicians and diagnostic laboratories, contacted the Consultant Laboratory for Rotaviruses and inquired whether cases of RVA-positive AGE after vaccination were associated with vaccine or with wild-type RVA strains. A testing algorithm based on distinguishing PCRs and confirmative sequencing was designed, tested, and applied. Diagnostic samples from 68 vaccinated children and six cases where horizontal transmission was suspected were investigated in this study. Using a combination of real-time PCR, fragment-length analysis of amplicons from multiplex PCRs and confirmative sequencing, vaccine-like virus was detected in 46 samples and wild-type RVA was detected in 6 samples. Three mixed infections of vaccine and wild-type RVA were detectable, no RVA genome was found in 19 samples. High viral loads (>1.0 × 107 copies/g stool) were measured in most RVA-positive samples. Furthermore, information on co-infections with other AGE pathogens in the vaccinated study population was of interest. A commercial multiplex PCR and in-house PCRs revealed three co-infections of vaccinated infants with bacteria (two samples with Clostridioides difficile and one sample with enteropathogenic E. coli) and six co-infections with norovirus in a subset of the samples. Human astrovirus was detected in one sample, with suspected horizontal transmission. The cases of suspected horizontal transmission of vaccine RVA strains could not be confirmed, as they either involved wild-type RVA or were RVA negative. This study shows that RVA-positive AGE after vaccination is not necessarily associated with the vaccine strain and provides a reliable workflow to distinguish RVA vaccine strains from wild-type strains.
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- 2022
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11. Increased Detection of Emergent Recombinant Norovirus GII.P16-GII.2 Strains in Young Adults, Hong Kong, China, 2016–2017
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Kirsty Kwok, Sandra Niendorf, Nelson Lee, Tin-Nok Hung, Lok-Yi Chan, Sonja Jacobsen, E. Anthony S. Nelson, Ting F. Leung, Raymond W.M. Lai, Paul K.S. Chan, and Martin C.W. Chan
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older children ,recombinant norovirus ,gastroenteritis ,viruses ,viral load ,young adults ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
A new recombinant norovirus GII.P16-GII.2 outnumbered pandemic GII.4 as the predominant GII genotype in the winter of 2016–2017 in Hong Kong, China. Half of hospitalized case-patients were older children and adults, including 13 young adults. This emergent norovirus targets a wider age population compared with circulating pandemic GII.4 strains.
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- 2017
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12. Presence and Diversity of Different Enteric Viruses in Wild Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
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Sandra Niendorf, Dominik Harms, Katja F. Hellendahl, Elisa Heuser, Sindy Böttcher, Sonja Jacobsen, C.-Thomas Bock, and Rainer G. Ulrich
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astrovirus ,enterovirus ,hepatitis E virus ,norovirus ,Norway rat ,rodent ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Rodents are common reservoirs for numerous zoonotic pathogens, but knowledge about diversity of pathogens in rodents is still limited. Here, we investigated the occurrence and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in 51 Norway rats collected in three different countries in Europe. RNA of at least one virus was detected in the intestine of 49 of 51 animals. Astrovirus RNA was detected in 46 animals, mostly of rat astroviruses. Human astrovirus (HAstV-8) RNA was detected in one, rotavirus group A (RVA) RNA was identified in eleven animals. One RVA RNA could be typed as rat G3 type. Rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA was detected in five animals. Two entire genome sequences of ratHEV were determined. Human norovirus RNA was detected in four animals with the genotypes GI.P4-GI.4, GII.P33-GII.1, and GII.P21. In one animal, a replication competent coxsackievirus A20 strain was detected. Additionally, RNA of an enterovirus species A strain was detected in the same animal, albeit in a different tissue. The results show a high detection rate and diversity of enteric viruses in Norway rats in Europe and indicate their significance as vectors for zoonotic transmission of enteric viruses. The detailed role of Norway rats and transmission pathways of enteric viruses needs to be investigated in further studies.
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- 2021
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13. Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children under Five Years Old in Gabon
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Gédéon Prince Manouana, Paul Alvyn Nguema-Moure, Mirabeau Mbong Ngwese, C.-Thomas Bock, Peter G. Kremsner, Steffen Borrmann, Daniel Eibach, Benjamin Mordmüller, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Sandra Niendorf, and Ayola Akim Adegnika
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enteric viruses ,children ,phylogenetic analysis ,diarrhea ,Gabon ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Enteric viruses are the leading cause of diarrhea in children globally. Identifying viral agents and understanding their genetic diversity could help to develop effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the detection rate and genetic diversity of four enteric viruses in Gabonese children aged below five years. Stool samples from children n = 177) and without (n = 67) diarrhea were collected from April 2018 to November 2019. Norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and aichivirus A were identified using PCR techniques followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. At least one viral agent was identified in 23.2% and 14.9% of the symptomatic and asymptomatic participants, respectively. Norovirus (14.7%) and astrovirus (7.3%) were the most prevalent in children with diarrhea, whereas in the healthy group norovirus (9%) followed by the first reported aichivirus A in Gabon (6%) were predominant. The predominant norovirus genogroup was GII, consisting mostly of genotype GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3CD region of the aichivirus A genome revealed the presence of two genotypes (A and C) in the study cohort. Astrovirus and sapovirus showed a high diversity, with five different astrovirus genotypes and four sapovirus genotypes, respectively. Our findings give new insights into the circulation and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in Gabonese children.
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- 2021
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14. Diversity of Noroviruses throughout Outbreaks in Germany 2018
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Sandra Niendorf, Mirko Faber, Andrea Tröger, Julian Hackler, and Sonja Jacobsen
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norovirus surveillance ,dual typing ,molecular epidemiology ,phylogenetic analysis ,GII.P16 recombinants ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Human norovirus accounts for the majority of viral gastroenteritis cases worldwide. It is a fast evolving virus generating diversity via mutation and recombination. Therefore, new variants and new recombinant strains emerge in the norovirus population. We characterized norovirus positive stool samples from one intensively studied district Märkisch-Oderland state Brandenburg with the samples from other states of Germany in order to understand the molecular epidemiological dynamics of norovirus outbreaks in Germany 2018. PCR systems, Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were used for genotyping. Noroviruses of 250 outbreaks in Germany were genotyped, including 39 outbreaks for the district Märkisch-Oderland. Viral diversity in Märkisch-Oderland as compared to Germany was similar, but not identical. The predominant genogroup in Germany was GII with predominate genotype GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney, whereas GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney was the most frequent in Märkisch-Oderland. Genogroup I viruses were less frequently detected, regional and national. Within the sequences of GII.4 recombinants, two distinct clusters were identified with outbreaks from Märkisch-Oderland. Further analysis of sequence data and detailed epidemiological data are needed in order to understand the link between outbreaks in such clusters. Molecular surveillance should be based on samples collected nationally in order to trace comprehensive virus distribution and recombination events in virus population.
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- 2020
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15. Infection with the Persistent Murine Norovirus Strain MNV-S99 Suppresses IFN-Beta Release and Activation of Stat1 In Vitro.
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Sandra Niendorf, Uwe Klemm, Andreas Mas Marques, C-Thomas Bock, and Marina Höhne
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Norovirus infection is the main cause of epidemic non-bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Although human norovirus (HuNoV) infection is self-limiting, it can persist for extended periods of time in immune deficient patients. Due to the lack of robust cell culture and small animal systems, little is known about HuNoV pathogenicity. However, murine norovirus (MNV) can be propagated in cell culture and is used as a model to study norovirus infection. Several MNV are known to persist in mice. In this study, we show that the MNV strain MNV-S99 persists in wild type inbred (C57BL/6J) mice over a period of at least 5 weeks post infection. Viral RNA was detectable in the jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon, with the highest titers in the colon and cecum. To characterize the effect of MNV-S99 on the innate immune response, Stat1 phosphorylation and IFN-β production were analyzed and compared to the non-persistent strain MNV-1.CW3. While MNV-S99 and MNV-1.CW3 showed comparable growth characteristics in vitro, Stat1 phosphorylation and IFN-β release is strongly decreased after infection with MNV-S99 compared to MNV-1.CW3. In conclusion, our results show that unlike MNV-1.CW3, MNV-S99 establishes a persistent infection in mice, possibly due to interfering with the innate immune response.
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- 2016
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16. Global Spread of Norovirus GII.17 Kawasaki 308, 2014–2016
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Martin C.W. Chan, Yunwen Hu, Haili Chen, Alexander T. Podkolzin, Ekaterina V. Zaytseva, Jun Komano, Naomi Sakon, Yong Poovorawan, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Thanundorn Thanusuwannasak, Joanne Hewitt, Dawn Croucher, Nikail Collins, Jan Vinjé, Xiaoli L. Pang, Bonita E. Lee, Miranda de Graaf, Janko van Beek, Harry Vennema, Marion P.G. Koopmans, Sandra Niendorf, Mateja Poljsak-Prijatelj, Andrej Steyer, Peter A. White, Jennifer H. Lun, Janet Mans, Tin-Nok Hung, Kirsty Kwok, Kelton Cheung, Nelson Lee, and Paul K.S. Chan
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viruses, basal haplotype ,diversification ,norovirus ,sublineage ,transmission, Italy, Romania, Canada, United States, Thailand, the Netherlands, Germany, Slovenia, Australia, New Zealand, China, Hungary, South Korea ,viruses ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Analysis of complete capsid sequences of the emerging norovirus GII.17 Kawasaki 308 from 13 countries demonstrated that they originated from a single haplotype since the initial emergence in China in late 2014. Global spread of a sublineage SL2 was identified. A new sublineage SL3 emerged in China in 2016.
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- 2017
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17. Polymerasekettenreaktion
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Sandra Niendorf and C.-Thomas Bock
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- 2021
18. Molecular surveillance and genetic divergence of rotavirus A antigenic epitopes in Gabonese children with acute gastroenteritis
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Paul Alvyn Nguema Moure, Gedeon Bingoulou Matsougou, Alexandru Tomazatos, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Benjamin Mordmüller, Simon Ategbo, Ayola A. Adegnika, Mirabeau Mbong Ngwese, Peter G. Kremsner, Moustapha Nzamba Maloum, Steffen Borrmann, Daniel Eibach, Sandra Niendorf, Gédéon Prince Manouana, Elie G. Rossatanga, and C.-Thomas Bock
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Male ,Rotavirus ,Medicine (General) ,Research paper ,viruses ,Rotavirus A ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,medicine.disease_cause ,Epitope ,Epitopes ,Epidemiology ,Genotype ,Prevalence ,Public Health Surveillance ,Acute gastroenteritis ,Antigens, Viral ,Phylogeny ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Vaccines ,General Medicine ,Antigenic Variation ,Rotavirus vaccine ,Gastroenteritis ,Child, Preschool ,Medicine ,Female ,Seasons ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antigenicity ,Genotypes ,Biology ,Rotavirus Infections ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,R5-920 ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,Antigen ,Antigenic epitopes ,medicine ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Gabon ,Infant, Newborn ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,Virology ,Immunization ,Africa - Abstract
Background: Rotavirus A (RVA) causes acute gastroenteritis in children
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- 2021
19. Virusinfektionen
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Christoph Boesecke, Kathrin van Bremen, Barbara Gärtner, Daniela Huzly, Sonja Jacobsen, Sandra Niendorf, and Marcus Panning
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- 2021
20. Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children under Five Years Old in Gabon
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C-Thomas Bock, Benjamin Mordmüller, Sandra Niendorf, Paul Alvyn Nguema-Moure, Steffen Borrmann, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Mirabeau Mbong Ngwese, Gédéon Prince Manouana, Daniel Eibach, Peter G. Kremsner, and Ayola A. Adegnika
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Rotavirus ,viruses ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,diarrhea ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Feces ,fluids and secretions ,Genotype ,Phylogeny ,Enterovirus ,Phylogenetic tree ,virus diseases ,Diarrhea ,Infectious Diseases ,enteric viruses ,Child, Preschool ,Cohort ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Kobuvirus ,030106 microbiology ,Biology ,Article ,Sapovirus ,Astrovirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,children ,Virology ,medicine ,Enterovirus Infections ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Gabon ,Genetic diversity ,phylogenetic analysis ,Norovirus ,Infant, Newborn ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,610 Medizin und Gesundheit ,human activities - Abstract
Enteric viruses are the leading cause of diarrhea in children globally. Identifying viral agents and understanding their genetic diversity could help to develop effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the detection rate and genetic diversity of four enteric viruses in Gabonese children aged below five years. Stool samples from children <, 5 years with (n = 177) and without (n = 67) diarrhea were collected from April 2018 to November 2019. Norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and aichivirus A were identified using PCR techniques followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. At least one viral agent was identified in 23.2% and 14.9% of the symptomatic and asymptomatic participants, respectively. Norovirus (14.7%) and astrovirus (7.3%) were the most prevalent in children with diarrhea, whereas in the healthy group norovirus (9%) followed by the first reported aichivirus A in Gabon (6%) were predominant. The predominant norovirus genogroup was GII, consisting mostly of genotype GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3CD region of the aichivirus A genome revealed the presence of two genotypes (A and C) in the study cohort. Astrovirus and sapovirus showed a high diversity, with five different astrovirus genotypes and four sapovirus genotypes, respectively. Our findings give new insights into the circulation and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in Gabonese children.
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- 2021
21. Diversity of Noroviruses throughout Outbreaks in Germany 2018
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Julian Hackler, Sandra Niendorf, Sonja Jacobsen, Mirko Faber, and Andrea Tröger
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0301 basic medicine ,viruses ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,medicine.disease_cause ,molecular epidemiology ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Disease Outbreaks ,Feces ,fluids and secretions ,Germany ,Genotype ,norovirus surveillance ,Child ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Sanger sequencing ,Aged, 80 and over ,Recombination, Genetic ,education.field_of_study ,virus diseases ,Middle Aged ,Gastroenteritis ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,symbols ,RNA, Viral ,Adult ,Adolescent ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,GII.P16 recombinants ,Biology ,Virus ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,Young Adult ,dual typing ,Virology ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Genotyping ,Aged ,Molecular epidemiology ,phylogenetic analysis ,Norovirus ,Infant, Newborn ,Outbreak ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,digestive system diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Mutation - Abstract
Human norovirus accounts for the majority of viral gastroenteritis cases worldwide. It is a fast evolving virus generating diversity via mutation and recombination. Therefore, new variants and new recombinant strains emerge in the norovirus population. We characterized norovirus positive stool samples from one intensively studied district Mä, rkisch-Oderland state Brandenburg with the samples from other states of Germany in order to understand the molecular epidemiological dynamics of norovirus outbreaks in Germany 2018. PCR systems, Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were used for genotyping. Noroviruses of 250 outbreaks in Germany were genotyped, including 39 outbreaks for the district Mä, rkisch-Oderland. Viral diversity in Mä, rkisch-Oderland as compared to Germany was similar, but not identical. The predominant genogroup in Germany was GII with predominate genotype GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney, whereas GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney was the most frequent in Mä, rkisch-Oderland. Genogroup I viruses were less frequently detected, regional and national. Within the sequences of GII.4 recombinants, two distinct clusters were identified with outbreaks from Mä, rkisch-Oderland. Further analysis of sequence data and detailed epidemiological data are needed in order to understand the link between outbreaks in such clusters. Molecular surveillance should be based on samples collected nationally in order to trace comprehensive virus distribution and recombination events in virus population.
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- 2020
22. Virale Gastroenteritiserreger
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Sandra Niendorf
- Published
- 2020
23. Human astrovirus infection associated with encephalitis in an immunocompetent child: a case report
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Sonja Jacobsen, Georgia Koukou, Andreas Jenke, Britt Hornei, Sandra Niendorf, and Jan-U Schlump
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Diarrhea ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Levetiracetam ,Encephalopathy ,lcsh:Medicine ,Case Report ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Astrovirus ,Feces ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Seizures ,Astroviridae Infections ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypnotics and Sedatives ,ddc:610 ,Pediatric intensive care unit ,biology ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Infant ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastroenteritis ,CNS infections ,Treatment Outcome ,Phenobarbital ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Classic human astroviruses ,Etiology ,Encephalitis ,Anticonvulsants ,Female ,Immunocompetent ,610 Medizin und Gesundheit ,business ,Mamastrovirus ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Until today, classic human astroviruses have not been associated with central nervous system infections in immunocompetent patients. Case presentation A 16-month-old Caucasian girl presented with repetitive generalized seizures with a 4-day history of watery diarrhea, which had already gradually improved. Initially, the prolonged seizures ceased after systemic midazolam treatment and were thought to be fever associated. However, her mental status remained altered, and after seizure recurrence, she was transferred to our pediatric intensive care unit. Seizure control was achieved by a combination of high-dose levetiracetam and phenobarbital, but she remained unconscious. An electroencephalogram at this time revealed generalized high voltage theta activity. All laboratory analyses, including extended blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses, and a brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal. On day 4, the child gradually became conscious, but was very agitated and not able to walk. Since an electroencephalogram at this time still revealed generalized high voltage theta activity, although she had not received sedative medications for 72 hours, she was diagnosed as having encephalopathy. At that time, results of diagnostic testing of the stool sample were positive for classic astrovirus infection, and we decided to analyze the initially obtained cerebrospinal fluid for astrovirus as well. Cerebrospinal fluid was also found positive for human astrovirus. Sequencing analysis revealed a classic astrovirus genotype 1 with exactly the same nucleotide sequence as in the feces. Clinically, the child gradually improved and was discharged on day 9. Conclusions Whereas the new human astrovirus subtypes have been recently associated with central nervous system infection, this is the first case of encephalitis in an immunocompetent child due to classic human astrovirus. Considering that classic human astroviruses are the third most common etiological agents of viral gastroenteritis in children, we believe that human astroviruses as causative agents for central nervous system infections should be considered more often, especially in children and infants with preceding gastroenteritis.
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- 2019
24. Increased Detection of Emergent Recombinant Norovirus GII.P16-GII.2 Strains in Young Adults, Hong Kong, China, 2016–2017
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Nelson Lee, Sonja Jacobsen, Kirsty Kwok, Paul K.S. Chan, Raymond Lai, Lok-Yi Chan, Martin C.W. Chan, Ting Fan Leung, Tin-Nok Hung, E. Anthony S. Nelson, and Sandra Niendorf
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,lcsh:Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Communicable Diseases, Emerging ,Disease Outbreaks ,recombinant norovirus ,fluids and secretions ,Increased Detection of Emergent Recombinant Norovirus GII.P16-GII.2 Strains in Young Adults, Hong Kong, China ,Genotype ,Pandemic ,older children ,GII ,Young adult ,Child ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,education.field_of_study ,Dispatch ,virus diseases ,Middle Aged ,Gastroenteritis ,viral load ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Hong Kong ,Female ,Seasons ,Viral load ,Reassortant Viruses ,Adult ,young adults ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Biology ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Molecular genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,education ,Aged ,lcsh:R ,Norovirus ,Infant ,Virology ,030104 developmental biology - Abstract
A new recombinant norovirus GII.P16-GII.2 outnumbered pandemic GII.4 as the predominant GII genotype in the winter of 2016–2017 in Hong Kong, China. Half of hospitalized case-patients were older children and adults, including 13 young adults. This emergent norovirus targets a wider age population compared with circulating pandemic GII.4 strains.
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- 2017
25. Group A rotaviruses circulating prior to a national immunization programme in Nigeria: Clinical manifestations, high G12P[8] frequency, intra-genotypic divergence of VP4 and VP7
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OO Opaleye, Margaret Oluwatoyin Japhet, Sandra Niendorf, C.-Thomas Bock, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Olufisayo Adeyemi Adesina, Oladiran Famurewa, and Andreas Mas Marques
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Male ,Rotavirus ,0301 basic medicine ,Genotype ,Nigeria ,Sociodemographic data ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,medicine.disease_cause ,Rotavirus Infections ,Feces ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Medicine ,Antigens, Viral ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Molecular epidemiology ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,Vaccination ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunization ,Child, Preschool ,Group A rotaviruses ,Capsid Proteins ,Female ,business ,Mixed infection - Abstract
Nigeria having approximately 50 000 Rotavirus A (RVA) deaths annually is yet to introduce RVA vaccine into routine national immunization; therefore surveillance of RVA strains circulating before vaccine introduction is essential in evaluating impact of the intervention. Stool samples and sociodemographic data of diarrhoeic children
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- 2017
26. Prevalence of human norovirus and Clostridium difficile coinfections in adult hospitalized patients
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Christiane E. Wobus, Marina Hoehne, Janelle N Stokely, Sandra Niendorf, Vincent B. Young, Mary A.M. Rogers, and Stefan Taube
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0301 basic medicine ,Abdominal pain ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,Nausea ,business.industry ,030106 microbiology ,Disease ,Clostridium difficile ,Bioinformatics ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,3. Good health ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Cohort ,medicine ,Coinfection ,Norovirus ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Feces - Abstract
Objective Human norovirus (HuNoV) and Clostridium difficile are common causes of infectious gastroenteritis in adults in the US. However, limited information is available regarding HuNoV and C. difficile coinfections. Our study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of HuNoV and C. difficile coinfections among adult patients in a hospital setting and disease symptomatology. Study design and setting For a cross-sectional analysis, 384 fecal samples were tested for the presence of C. difficile toxins from patients (n=290), whom the provider suspected of C. difficile infections. Subsequent testing was then performed for HuNoV genogroups I and II. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to determine symptoms more frequently associated with coinfections. Results The final cohort consisted of the following outcome groups: C. difficile (n=196), C. difficile + HuNoV coinfection (n=40), HuNoV only (n=12), and neither (n=136). Coinfected patients were more likely to develop nausea, gas, and abdominal pain and were more likely to seek treatment in the winter season compared with individuals not infected or infected with either pathogen alone. Conclusion Our study revealed that patients with coinfection are more likely to experience certain gastrointestinal symptoms, in particular abdominal pain, suggesting an increased severity of disease symptomatology in coinfected patients.
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- 2016
27. Life-threatening systemic rotavirus infection after vaccination in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
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Jörn-Sven Kühl, Horst von Bernuth, Jörg Hofmann, Sebastian Voigt, Alexander Gratopp, L Rosenfeld, Johannes H. Schulte, Sandra Niendorf, and Andreas Mas Marques
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0301 basic medicine ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Severe combined immunodeficiency ,Under-five ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Viremia ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Vaccination ,Rotavirus infection ,Transplantation ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rotavirus ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business - Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) infections are the major cause of severe gastroenteritis in children under five years of age, causing 215,000 deaths per year worldwide mainly due to dehydration in countries with weak economic resources (1). In the immunocompetent host RV infections are self-limiting and mortality is low in high-income countries. Notifications of RV cases have declined from 49,000 in season 2012/2013 to 25,000 in season 2015/2016 (2) since RV vaccination has been recommended by the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) in Germany in 2013. The recommendation was based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies showing efficacy and safety of RV vaccination (3). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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- 2017
28. Viral gastroenteritis among children of 0-5 years in Nigeria: Characterization of the first Nigerian aichivirus, recombinant noroviruses and detection of a zoonotic astrovirus
- Author
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OO Opaleye, Andreas Mas Marques, Marina Höhne, Bo Wang, Sandra Niendorf, C-Thomas Bock, Olufisayo Adeyemi Adesina, Margaret Oluwatoyin Japhet, and Oladiran Famurewa
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Diarrhea ,Male ,Rotavirus ,Kobuvirus ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,Nigeria ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus ,Astrovirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Feces ,fluids and secretions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Virology ,Astroviridae Infections ,Zoonoses ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pathogen ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Genetic diversity ,Picornaviridae Infections ,Norovirus ,Infant, Newborn ,virus diseases ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,Sapovirus ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastroenteritis ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Astroviridae ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Reassortant Viruses - Abstract
Viruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Understanding of the occurrence and genetic diversity of these viruses can help to prevent infections.The present study describes the presence, genetic diversity and possible recombination of five enteric viruses in children with gastroenteritis in Southwestern Nigeria.From August 2012 to December 2013, stool samples and sociodemographic data of 103 diarrheic children5 years were collected to detect and characterize rotavirus A, norovirus, human astrovirus, aichivirus and sapovirus using PCR techniques followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses.At least one virus was identified in 58.3% (60/103) of the stool samples. Rotavirus, norovirus and astrovirus were detected in 39.8% (41/103), 10.7% (11/103), and 6.8% (7/103) respectively. Notably, aichivirus was detected for the first time in Nigeria (1/103; 0.97%). Sapovirus was not detected in the study. Co-infections with rotavirus were observed in eight samples either with norovirus or astrovirus or aichivirus. Phylogenetic analyses of different genome regions of norovirus positive samples provided indication for recombinant norovirus strains. A novel astrovirus strain closely related to canine astrovirus was identified and further characterized for the first time.Viruses are the common cause of acute gastroenteritis in Nigerian infants with rotavirus as most frequently detected pathogen. New norovirus recombinants and a not yet detected zoonotic astrovirus were circulating in Southwestern Nigeria, providing new information about emerging and unusual strains of viruses causing diarrhea.
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- 2018
29. Comprehensive Molecular Approach for Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 Variants
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Sonja Jacobsen, Sven Pischke, Heiner Wedermeyer, Marc Lütgehetmann, Dominik Harms, Sandra Niendorf, Bo Wang, C. Patrick Papp, C.-Thomas Bock, and Jörg Hofmann
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Serum ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Genotype ,viruses ,Sequence Homology ,Biology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,medicine.disease_cause ,Genome ,Homology (biology) ,Feces ,03 medical and health sciences ,Hepatitis E virus ,Virology ,medicine ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,Genetics ,Genetic diversity ,Phylogenetic tree ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,virus diseases ,Genetic Variation ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Viral Load ,Molecular diagnostics ,digestive system diseases ,Hepatitis E ,030104 developmental biology ,Viral load - Abstract
Autochthonous hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) infections in industrialized countries are more frequent than previously assumed. HEV-3 is zoonotic and the causal pathogen of chronic hepatitis E. According to the latest classification of the family Hepeviridae , 10 designated HEV-3 subtypes (HEV-3a to HEV-3j) and 7 unassigned HEV-3 subtypes are proposed. In order to identify and characterize the HEV-3 variants in circulation, we developed a molecular approach combining a sensitive HEV-specific real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) targeting the overlapping region of HEV ORF2 and ORF3 (the ORF2/3 region) and two newly designed consensus nested RT-PCRs targeting the HEV ORF1 and ORF2 genes, respectively. Since complete genome sequences are required for new HEV-3 subtype assignment, we implemented a straightforward approach for full-length HEV-3 genome amplification. Twenty-nine human serum samples and six human feces samples from chronic hepatitis E patients were selected for evaluation of the system. Viral loads ranged from 1 × 10 4 to 1.9 × 10 10 copies/ml of serum and from 1.8 × 10 4 to 1 × 10 12 copies/g of feces. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of partial ORF1 and ORF2 sequences showed that HEV strains had considerable genetic diversity and clustered into the HEV-3c (29/35), HEV-3e (2/35), HEV-3f (2/35), and unassigned HEV-3 (2/35) subtypes. Moreover, from these strains, three full-length HEV-3 genome sequences were generated and characterized. DE/15-0030 represents a typical HEV-3c strain (95.7% nucleotide identity to wbGER27), while DE/15-0031 and SW/16-0282 have
- Published
- 2018
30. Molecular surveillance of norovirus, 2005–16 : an epidemiological analysis of data collected from the NoroNet network
- Author
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Vito Martella, Mateja Poljšak-Prijatelj, Mia Brytting, Martin C.W. Chan, Alexander T. Podkolzin, Janko van Beek, Katia Ambert-Balay, Leena Maunula, Miao Jin, Georgina McAllister, Janet Mans, Reimar Johne, Joanne Hewitt, Nadine Botteldoorn, Gábor Reuter, Haider Al-Hello, Fiona Cloak, Harry Vennema, Lasse Dam Rasmussen, Gráinne Tuite, Miranda de Graaf, María Cabrerizo, Susana Guix, Hubert G. M. Niesters, Javier Buesa, Marion Koopmans, Nobuhiro Iritani, Sandra Niendorf, Ilaria Di Bartolo, Ingeborg Lederer, David J. Allen, Annelies Kroneman, Department of Viroscience [Rotterdam, The Netherlands], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (NIPHE), Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado [Boulder], Laboratoire de sérologie-virologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Scientific Service of Foodborne Pathogens [Brussels], Institute of Public Health [Brussels], Microbial Typing Unit [Stockholm], The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València (UV), Enterovirus and Viral Gastroenteritis [Madrid], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Department of Microbiology, the University of Hong Kong, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC), Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Enteric Virus Laboratory [Barcelona], University of Barcelona, Norovirus Reference Laboratory [Porirua], Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Department of Microbiology [Osaka], Osaka Institute of Public Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Biological Safety, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung - Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Sanità e Benessere degli Animali, Università di Bari, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health [Helsinki], Faculty of Veterinary Medicine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Centre National de Référence des virus entériques [CHU de Dijon] (CNR virus entériques), Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology [London, UK], London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), European Union's Horizon 2020 grant COMPARE, ZonMw TOP grant, the Virgo Consortium funded by the Dutch Government, and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund., Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam], National Institute of Public Health and the Environment ( NIPHE ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Universitat de València ( UV ), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, The University of Hong Kong ( HKU ), Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, AGES, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety - Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety , Autriche., Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Edinburgh, Centre National de Référence des virus entériques [CHU de Dijon] ( CNR virus entériques ), Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine ( LSHTM ), Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam [Rotterdam], Virology, Leena Maunula / Principal Investigator, Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, and Food and Environmental Virology Research Group
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0301 basic medicine ,Databases, Factual ,viruses ,VARIANTS ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,EMERGENCE ,fluids and secretions ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Epidemiology ,Genotype ,TOOL ,media_common ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Molecular Epidemiology ,virus diseases ,respiratory system ,3. Good health ,Gastroenteritis ,[ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Infectious Diseases ,Geography ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,RNA, Viral ,[ SDV.MHEP.HEG ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology ,OUTBREAKS ,medicine.medical_specialty ,EUROPE ,TRANSMISSION ,VIRUSES ,[ SDV.MP.VIR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Genetic drift ,Environmental health ,medicine ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Humans ,European union ,Retrospective Studies ,Genetic diversity ,Molecular epidemiology ,Norovirus ,Outbreak ,Genetic Variation ,[SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology ,ADULTS ,digestive system diseases ,EVOLUTION ,030104 developmental biology ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,human activities - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The development of a vaccine for norovirus requires a detailed understanding of global genetic diversity of noroviruses. We analysed their epidemiology and diversity using surveillance data from the NoroNet network.METHODS: We included genetic sequences of norovirus specimens obtained from outbreak investigations and sporadic gastroenteritis cases between 2005 and 2016 in Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. We genotyped norovirus sequences and analysed sequences that overlapped at open reading frame (ORF) 1 and ORF2. Additionally, we assessed the sampling date and country of origin of the first reported sequence to assess when and where novel drift variants originated.FINDINGS: We analysed 16 635 norovirus sequences submitted between Jan 1, 2005, to Nov 17, 2016, of which 1372 (8·2%) sequences belonged to genotype GI, 15 256 (91·7%) to GII, and seven (INTERPRETATION: Continuous changes in the global norovirus genetic diversity highlight the need for sustained global norovirus surveillance, including assessment of possible immune escape and evolution by recombination, to provide a full overview of norovirus epidemiology for future vaccine policy decisions.FUNDING: European Union's Horizon 2020 grant COMPARE, ZonMw TOP grant, the Virgo Consortium funded by the Dutch Government, and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund.
- Published
- 2018
31. Co-circulation of classic and novel astrovirus strains in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Germany
- Author
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Marina Höhne, Sandra Niendorf, Sonja Jacobsen, C.-Thomas Bock, Andreas Mas Marques, and Klara Beslmüller
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Male ,Rotavirus ,Genotype ,viruses ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Astrovirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Feces ,fluids and secretions ,Astroviridae Infections ,Germany ,Medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Genotyping ,Phylogeny ,Retrospective Studies ,biology ,Molecular epidemiology ,business.industry ,Coinfection ,virus diseases ,Outbreak ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,Acute gastroenteritis ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Gastroenteritis ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Acute Disease ,Population study ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,Seasons ,business ,Algorithms ,Mamastrovirus - Abstract
Objectives In order to analyze the molecular epidemiology of human astroviruses (HAstV) in Germany, a retrospective long-term study was performed to characterize circulating human astrovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Germany. Methods A total of 2877 stool samples, collected between January 2010 and December 2015 from sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were retrospectively analyzed for astrovirus. A two-step PCR algorithm was developed and used to identify and characterize human astrovirus infections. Results Overall, 143 samples were astrovirus-positive (5.0%). Astrovirus infection was most frequently detectable in samples from children of 3–4 years (15%) followed by children of 1–2 years (8.6%), detection rates in adults were lower (1%–3.6%). A high number (71.3%) of co-infections, mainly with noro- or rotaviruses, were identified. Genotyping revealed that at least ten genotypes from all four human MAstV species were circulating in the study population. HAstV-1 was predominant in different age groups. Novel HAstV (MLB and VA genotypes) were also circulating in Germany. Conclusion Our findings give new insights into the circulation and genetic diversity of human astroviruses in patients with acute gastroenteritis. The novel HAstV-MLB and -VA genotypes could be characterized firstly in Germany while the analysis showed that these viruses have been dispersed in Germany since 2011 as a causative agent of acute gastroenteritis.
- Published
- 2017
32. Steep rise in norovirus cases and emergence of a new recombinant strain GII.P16-GII.2, Germany, winter 2016
- Author
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Mirko Faber, Jörg Hofmann, C-Thomas Bock, Marina Höhne, Anna-Maria Eis-Hübinger, O Zimmermann, Sandra Niendorf, and Sonja Jacobsen
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,0301 basic medicine ,Genotype ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,fluids and secretions ,law ,Germany ,Virology ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,emergence ,Humans ,recombinant ,Child ,Disease Notification ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Strain (biology) ,Norovirus ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Genetic Variation ,Infant ,virus diseases ,Outbreak ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,GII.P16-GII.2 ,Gastroenteritis ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,Child, Preschool ,Recombinant DNA ,RNA, Viral ,norovirus ,recombinant strain ,Seasons ,medicine.symptom ,Rapid Communication - Abstract
Since early November 2016, the number of laboratory-confirmed norovirus infections reported in Germany has been increasing steeply. Here, we report the detection and genetic characterisation of an emerging norovirus recombinant, GII.P16-GII.2. This strain was frequently identified as the cause of sporadic cases as well as outbreaks in nine federal states of Germany. Our findings suggest that the emergence of GII.P16-GII.2 contributed to rising case numbers of norovirus gastroenteritis in Germany.
- Published
- 2017
33. Use of sequence analysis of the P2 domain for characterization of norovirus strains causing a large multistate outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis in Germany 2012
- Author
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Andreas Mas Marques, Marina Höhne, Sandra Niendorf, and C.-Thomas Bock
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Genotype ,Genotyping Techniques ,Sequence analysis ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Fragaria ,Virus ,Disease Outbreaks ,Foodborne Diseases ,Viral Proteins ,Germany ,medicine ,Humans ,Typing ,Genotyping ,Caliciviridae Infections ,DNA Primers ,Genetics ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Molecular epidemiology ,Norovirus ,Outbreak ,Genetic Variation ,General Medicine ,Virology ,Gastroenteritis ,Infectious Diseases ,Sequence Analysis - Abstract
Human norovirus is the main cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. It is transmitted from person to person, by fecally contaminated food or water or through virus containing aerosols originating during vomiting of infected persons. In September and October 2012, the largest foodborne norovirus outbreak in Germany so far spread over 5 Federal States (Berlin, Brandenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia) affecting nearly 11,000 people mainly in schools and child care facilities. Epidemiological and trace-back investigations supported the assumption that a batch of frozen strawberries imported from China was the likely source of the outbreak. Sequence analysis of the capsid region encoding the P2 domain was used successfully for identification of transmission routes and epidemiologic relationship but was hampered by a lack of universal primers for all known genotypes so far. In the present study, a molecular approach was designed to track outbreak-related samples from the affected states of the large foodborne outbreak in Germany. Therefore, sequence analysis within the highly variable P2 domain of the capsid gene using newly developed universal P2 primers for genogroup I and genogroup II strains in combination with sequencing of the polymerase gene (region A) and the orf1/orf2 junction (region c) was used. The sequence analysis of 138 norovirus positive stool samples suspected to be outbreak-related revealed a considerable genomic diversity. At least 3 strains of genogroup I (I.3, I.4, and I.9) and 5 strains of genogroup II (II.6, II.7, II. 8, and recombinants II.P7_II.6, and II.P16_II.13) as well as 19 samples containing mixtures of these strains were detected. Six samples were considered as not linked to the outbreak. The most prevalent genotype was GI.4 (48/132; 36%). Genotype I.9 and the recombinant strain II.P16_II.13 were detected for the first time in Germany. Notably, the genotype II.P16_II.13 could also be determined in one of the samples of the frozen strawberry lot suspected as infection source. Especially, due to the good concordance of the P2 sequences from infected patients of 5 Federal States the outbreak-relation of the strains could be demonstrated. The high diversity of virus strains and the occurrence of sub-clusters within genotypes I.3, II.8, II.P16_II.13, and II.7 revealed the complex mixture of the outbreak source suggesting a possible waterborne fecal contamination of the strawberries. The typing system described here is in general useful for analysis of outbreaks caused by mixed infection sources. Extensive sequence analysis of different gene regions including the highly variable P2 domain in a sufficient number of cases is required to confirm the epidemiological relation of samples from outbreaks with high diversity of strains spreading over several geographic locations.
- Published
- 2015
34. The ubiquitin-specific protease USP8 is critical for the development and homeostasis of T cells
- Author
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Thorsten Kurz, Andreas Schlosser, Marcus Groettrup, Thorsten Buch, Ari Waisman, Sandra Niendorf, Wolfgang W. A. Schamel, Anja Basters, Annette Aichem, Deborah Yablonski, Anne Schönle, Almut Dufner, Marco Prinz, Klaus-Peter Knobeloch, Agnes Kisser, Sonja Reissig, University of Zurich, and Dufner, Almut
- Subjects
Regulatory T cell ,T-Lymphocytes ,Immunology ,Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ,610 Medicine & health ,Biology ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Jurkat cells ,Jurkat Cells ,Mice ,ddc:570 ,Endopeptidases ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Animals ,Homeostasis ,Humans ,10239 Institute of Laboratory Animal Science ,IL-2 receptor ,Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ,2403 Immunology ,Receptors, Interleukin-7 ,Thymocytes ,Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ,Forkhead Box Protein O1 ,ZAP70 ,T-cell receptor ,CD28 ,Cell Differentiation ,Forkhead Transcription Factors ,Colitis ,Cell biology ,Thymocyte ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,2723 Immunology and Allergy ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,590 Animals (Zoology) ,Ubiquitin Thiolesterase ,CD8 - Abstract
The modification of proteins by ubiquitin has a major role in cells of the immune system and is counteracted by various deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) with poorly defined functions. Here we identified the ubiquitin-specific protease USP8 as a regulatory component of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signalosome that interacted with the adaptor Gads and the regulatory molecule 14-3-3β. Caspase-dependent processing of USP8 occurred after stimulation of the TCR. T cell-specific deletion of USP8 in mice revealed that USP8 was essential for thymocyte maturation and upregulation of the gene encoding the cytokine receptor IL-7Rα mediated by the transcription factor Foxo1. Mice with T cell-specific USP8 deficiency developed colitis that was promoted by disturbed T cell homeostasis, a predominance of CD8(+) γδ T cells in the intestine and impaired regulatory T cell function. Collectively, our data reveal an unexpected role for USP8 as an immunomodulatory DUB in T cells.
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- 2015
35. ISG15, an Interferon-Stimulated Ubiquitin-Like Protein, Is Not Essential for STAT1 Signaling and Responses against Vesicular Stomatitis and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus
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Olaf Utermöhlen, Klaus-Peter Knobeloch, Anna Osiak, Ivan Horak, and Sandra Niendorf
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Time Factors ,Embryonic Development ,Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ,Lymphocytic choriomeningitis ,Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus ,Virus ,Mice ,Vesicular Stomatitis ,Immune system ,Pregnancy ,Interferon ,Rhabdoviridae Infections ,Mammalian Genetic Models with Minimal or Complex Phenotypes ,medicine ,Animals ,Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus ,STAT1 ,Phosphorylation ,Ubiquitins ,Molecular Biology ,Stomatitis ,biology ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,ISG15 ,Virology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Killer Cells, Natural ,Fertility ,STAT1 Transcription Factor ,Vesicular stomatitis virus ,Immune System ,Trans-Activators ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Female ,Interferons ,medicine.drug - Abstract
ISG15 is an interferon-induced ubiquitin-like modifier which can be conjugated to distinct, but largely unknown, proteins. ISG15 has been implicated in a variety of biological activities, which encompass antiviral defense, immune responses, and pregnancy. Mice lacking UBP43 (USP18), the ISG15-deconjugating enzyme, develop a severe phenotype with brain injuries and lethal hypersensitivity to poly(I:C). It has been reported that an augmented conjugation of ISG15 in the absence of UBP43 induces prolonged STAT1 phosphorylation and that the ISG15 conjugation plays an important role in the regulation of JAK/STAT and interferon signaling (O. A. Malakhova, M. Yan, M. P. Malakhov, Y. Yuan, K. J. Ritchie, K. I. Kim, L. F. Peterson, K. Shuai, and D. E. Zhang, Genes Dev. 17:455-460, 2003). Here, we report that ISG15(-/-) mice are viable and fertile and display no obvious abnormalities. Lack of ISG15 did not affect the development and composition of the main cellular compartments of the immune system. The interferon-induced antiviral state and immune responses directed against vesicular stomatitis virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were not significantly altered in the absence of ISG15. Furthermore, interferon- or endotoxin-induced STAT1 tyrosine-phosphorylation, as well as expression of typical STAT1 target genes, remained unaffected by the lack of ISG15. Thus, ISG15 is dispensable for STAT1 and interferon signaling.
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- 2005
36. Epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in Germany 2001–2009: eight seasons of routine surveillance
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Klaus Stark, Marina Höhne, Sandra Niendorf, Helen Bernard, and Doris Altmann
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Population ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,Cohort Studies ,Public health surveillance ,Germany ,Medicine ,Humans ,Public Health Surveillance ,education ,Child ,Aged ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Norovirus ,Outbreak ,Infant ,Middle Aged ,Original Papers ,Gastroenteritis ,Hospitalization ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,business ,Demography ,Cohort study - Abstract
SUMMARYWe analysed data on laboratory or epidemiologically confirmed cases (n = 856 539) and on outbreaks (n = 31 644) notified during week 31 (2001) to week 30 (2009), and performed molecular typing of specimens from 665 outbreaks. We aimed at identifying demographic and molecular characteristics to inform on potential additional approaches to prevent disease spread in the population. The mean incidence by norovirus season (week 31 in one year to week 30 in the following year) was 130 (range 19–300) cases/100 000 population and was highest in persons aged
- Published
- 2013
37. Cerebrospinal fluid parameters of B cell-related activity in patients with active disease during natalizumab therapy
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Frank Weber, Jens Kuhle, Uwe K. Zettl, Joerg Kraus, Andrew T. Chan, Michael Guger, Sandra Niendorf, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Michael Linnebank, Andreas Weishaupt, Sven Jarius, Wolfgang Hitzl, Georg Pilz, Sebastian Rauer, Martin Stangel, Florian Lauda, Christian Geis, Heinz Wiendl, Andrea Harrer, Joerg R. Weber, Brigitte Wildemann, Ilya Ayzenberg, Hayrettin Tumani, Manfred Uhr, Farmacologie en Toxicologie, RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Zurich, and Harrer, A
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Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,intrathecal IgG ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Adolescent ,610 Medicine & health ,Context (language use) ,Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ,cerebrospinal fluid ,Young Adult ,Immune system ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Natalizumab ,medicine ,Humans ,B cell ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,B-Lymphocytes ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Lumbar puncture ,business.industry ,Multiple sclerosis ,Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ,Oligoclonal Bands ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,10040 Clinic for Neurology ,2728 Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,2808 Neurology ,Immunoglobulin G ,Antibody Formation ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Recently, the disappearance of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a few natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported. This is interesting since CSF-restricted OCB are believed to persist in MS. We pooled CSF data from 14 MS centers to obtain an adequate sample size for investigating the suspected changes in central nervous system (CNS)-restricted humoral immune activities in the context of natalizumab therapy. In a retrospective chart analysis, CSF parameters of blood–CSF barrier integrity and intrathecal IgG production from 73 natalizumab-treated MS patients requiring a diagnostic puncture for exclusion of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy were compared with CSF data obtained earlier in the course of disease before natalizumab therapy. At the time of repeat lumbar puncture, local IgG production (according to Reibergram) was significantly reduced ( p < 0.0001) and OCB had disappeared in 16% of the patients. We therefore conclude that natalizumab therapy interferes with intrathecal antibody production at least in a significant number of patients.
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- 2012
38. Essential Role of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 8 for Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Stability and Endocytic Trafficking In Vivo
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Marco Prinz, Ivan Horak, Klaus-Peter Knobeloch, Sandra Niendorf, Hubert Schorle, Agnes Kisser, Marc Lewitzky, Stephan M. Feller, Jürgen Löhler, and Alexander Oksche
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Receptor, ErbB-3 ,Endosome ,Endosomes ,Receptor tyrosine kinase ,Deubiquitinating enzyme ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ubiquitin ,Growth factor receptor ,Endopeptidases ,Enzyme Stability ,Animals ,Humans ,Epidermal growth factor receptor ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Cell Line, Transformed ,Cell Proliferation ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ,Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ,Cell Biology ,Articles ,Fibroblasts ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ,Embryo, Mammalian ,Endocytosis ,Cell biology ,Death ,ErbB Receptors ,Liver ,Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor ,Mutagenesis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Multiprotein Complexes ,Gene Targeting ,biology.protein ,Tyrosine kinase ,Ubiquitin Thiolesterase ,Gene Deletion - Abstract
Posttranslational modification by ubiquitin controls multiple cellular functions and is counteracted by the activities of deubiquitinating enzymes. UBPy (USP8) is a growth-regulated ubiquitin isopeptidase that interacts with the HRS-STAM complex. Using Cre-loxP-mediated gene targeting in mice, we show that lack of UBPy results in embryonic lethality, whereas its conditional inactivation in adults causes fatal liver failure. The defect is accompanied by a strong reduction or absence of several growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), like epidermal growth factor receptor, hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-met), and ERBB3. UBPy-deficient cells exhibit aberrantly enlarged early endosomes colocalizing with enhanced ubiquitination and have reduced levels of HRS and STAM2. Congruently immortalized cells gradually stop proliferation upon induced deletion of UBPy. These results unveil a central and nonredundant role of UBPy in growth regulation, endosomal sorting, and the control of RTKs in vivo. Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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- 2007
39. Global Spread of Norovirus GII.17 Kawasaki 308, 2014–2016
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Janet Mans, Jan Vinjé, Jennifer H Lun, Thanundorn Thanusuwannasak, Miranda de Graaf, Sandra Niendorf, Peter A. White, Marion Koopmans, Tin-Nok Hung, Yong Poovorawan, Haili Chen, Alexander T. Podkolzin, Ekaterina V. Zaytseva, Xiao-Li Pang, Bonita E. Lee, Nikail Collins, Naomi Sakon, Dawn Croucher, Mateja Poljšak-Prijatelj, Janko van Beek, Martin C.W. Chan, Andrej Steyer, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Harry Vennema, Kelton Cheung, Kirsty Kwok, Yunwen Hu, Joanne Hewitt, Paul K.S. Chan, Nelson Lee, Jun Komano, and Virology
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0301 basic medicine ,viruses, basal haplotype ,Epidemiology ,Slovenia ,lcsh:Medicine ,Global Health ,medicine.disease_cause ,Russia ,law.invention ,South Africa ,Japan ,law ,Germany ,Genotype ,Global health ,Cluster Analysis ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Norovirus GII ,Dispatch ,transmission ,Thailand ,Gastroenteritis ,Infectious Diseases ,Transmission (mechanics) ,Italy ,Capsid ,Hong Kong ,Microbial genetics ,Microbiology (medical) ,Canada ,China ,diversification ,transmission, Italy, Romania, Canada, United States, Thailand, the Netherlands, Germany, Slovenia, Australia, New Zealand, China, Hungary, South Korea ,030106 microbiology ,Taiwan ,norovirus ,Biology ,History, 21st Century ,basal haplotype ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,South Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,Microbiology not elsewhere classified ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Hungary ,Romania ,the Netherlands ,Haplotype ,lcsh:R ,Australia ,Global Spread of Norovirus GII.17 Kawasaki 308, 2014–2016 ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,sublineage ,Virology ,United States ,Norovirus ,Capsid Proteins ,New Zealand - Abstract
Analysis of complete capsid sequences of the emerging norovirus GII. 17 Kawasaki 308 from 13 countries demonstrated that they originated from a single haplotype since the initial emergence in China in late 2014. Global spread of a sublineage SL2 was identified. A new sublineage SL3 emerged in China in 2016.
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