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2. Optical Fourier surfaces

Author

Lassaline, Nolan, Brechbühler, Raphael, Vonk, Sander J. W., Ridderbeek, Korneel, Spieser, Martin, Bisig, Samuel, Feber, Boris le, Rabouw, Freddy T., and Norris, David J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Gratings and holograms are patterned surfaces that tailor optical signals by diffraction. Despite their long history, variants with remarkable functionalities continue to be discovered. Further advances could exploit Fourier optics, which specifies the surface pattern that generates a desired diffracted output through its Fourier transform. To shape the optical wavefront, the ideal surface profile should contain a precise sum of sinusoidal waves, each with a well-defined amplitude, spatial frequency, and phase. However, because fabrication techniques typically yield profiles with at most a few depth levels, complex 'wavy' surfaces cannot be obtained, limiting the straightforward mathematical design and implementation of sophisticated diffractive optics. Here we present a simple yet powerful approach to eliminate this design-fabrication mismatch by demonstrating optical surfaces that contain an arbitrary number of specified sinusoids. We combine thermal scanning-probe lithography and templating to create periodic and aperiodic surface patterns with continuous depth control and sub-wavelength spatial resolution. Multicomponent linear gratings allow precise manipulation of electromagnetic signals through Fourier-spectrum engineering. Consequently, we immediately resolve an important problem in photonics by creating a single-layer grating that simultaneously couples red, green, and blue light at the same angle of incidence. More broadly, we analytically design and accurately replicate intricate two-dimensional moir\'e patterns, quasicrystals, and holograms, demonstrating a variety of previously impossible diffractive surfaces. Therefore, this approach provides instant benefit for optical devices (biosensors, lasers, metasurfaces, and modulators) and emerging topics in photonics (topological structures, transformation optics, and valleytronics).

Published
2019
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4. Rise and Decay of Photoluminescence in Upconverting Lanthanide-Doped Nanocrystals

Author

Vonk, Sander J. W., Maris, J. J. Erik, Dekker, Ayla J. H., de Wit, Jur W., van Swieten, Thomas P., Cocina, Ario, and Rabouw, Freddy T.

Abstract

Nanocrystals (NCs) doped with lanthanides are capable of efficient photon upconversion, i.e., absorbing long-wavelength light and emitting shorter-wavelength light. The internal processes that enable upconversion are a complex network of electronic transitions within and energy transfer between dopant centers. In this work, we study the rise and decay dynamics of upconversion emission from β-NaYF4NCs codoped with Er3+and Yb3+. The rise dynamics of the red and green upconverted emissions are nonlinear, reflecting the nonlinear nature of upconversion and revealing the mechanisms that populate the emitting states. The excited-state decay dynamics are nonexponential. We unravel the underlying decay pathways using photonic experiments. These reveal the contributions of different upconversion pathways visually, as each pathway exhibits a distinct response to systematic variation of the local density of optical states. Moreover, the effect of the local density of optical states on core-only NCs is qualitatively different from core–shell NCs. This is due to the different balance between feeding and decay of the electronic levels that produce upconverted emission. The understanding of the upconversion dynamics provided here could lead to better imaging and sensing methods relying on upconversion lifetimes or guide the rational optimization of the dopant concentrations for brighter upconversion.

Published
2024
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5. Optical Fourier surfaces

Author

Lassaline, Nolan, Brechbühler, Raphael, Vonk, Sander J. W., Ridderbeek, Korneel, Spieser, Martin, Bisig, Samuel, and le Feber, Boris

Subjects
Diffraction gratings -- Design and construction -- Properties -- Usage, Fourier transformations -- Usage, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Gratings.sup.1 and holograms.sup.2 use patterned surfaces to tailor optical signals by diffraction. Despite their long history, variants with remarkable functionalities continue to be developed.sup.3,4. Further advances could exploit Fourier optics.sup.5, which specifies the surface pattern that generates a desired diffracted output through its Fourier transform. To shape the optical wavefront, the ideal surface profile should contain a precise sum of sinusoidal waves, each with a well defined amplitude, spatial frequency and phase. However, because fabrication techniques typically yield profiles with at most a few depth levels, complex 'wavy' surfaces cannot be obtained, limiting the straightforward mathematical design and implementation of sophisticated diffractive optics. Here we present a simple yet powerful approach to eliminate this design-fabrication mismatch by demonstrating optical surfaces that contain an arbitrary number of specified sinusoids. We combine thermal scanning-probe lithography.sup.6-8 and templating.sup.9 to create periodic and aperiodic surface patterns with continuous depth control and sub-wavelength spatial resolution. Multicomponent linear gratings allow precise manipulation of electromagnetic signals through Fourier-spectrum engineering.sup.10. Consequently, we overcome a previous limitation in photonics by creating an ultrathin grating that simultaneously couples red, green and blue light at the same angle of incidence. More broadly, we analytically design and accurately replicate intricate two-dimensional moiré patterns.sup.11,12, quasicrystals.sup.13,14 and holograms.sup.15,16, demonstrating a variety of previously unattainable diffractive surfaces. This approach may find application in optical devices (biosensors.sup.17, lasers.sup.18,19, metasurfaces.sup.4 and modulators.sup.20) and emerging areas in photonics (topological structures.sup.21, transformation optics.sup.22 and valleytronics.sup.23). Combining thermal scanning-probe lithography with templating enables the production of high-quality gratings that manipulate light through Fourier-spectrum engineering in ways that are not achievable with conventional gratings., Author(s): Nolan Lassaline [sup.1] , Raphael Brechbühler [sup.1] , Sander J. W. Vonk [sup.1] [sup.2] , Korneel Ridderbeek [sup.1] , Martin Spieser [sup.3] , Samuel Bisig [sup.3] , Boris le [...]

Published
2020
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6. Adding generators in cyclic groups

Author

Sander, J. W. and Sander, T.

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, Primary 11B13, 20K01, Secondary 05C25
Abstract

For a cyclic group $a$, define the atom of $a$ as the set of all elements generating $a$. Given any two elements $a,b$ of a finite cyclic group $G$, we study the sumset of the atom of $a$ and the atom of $b$. It is known that such a sumset is a disjoint union of atoms. The goal of this paper is to offer a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, by determining which atoms make up the sum of two given atoms and by computing the exact number of representations of each element of the sumset.

Published
2012
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7. The exact maximal energy of integral circulant graphs with prime power order

Author

Sander, J. W. and Sander, T.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C50, 15A18
Abstract

The energy of a graph was introduced by {\sc Gutman} in 1978 as the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. We study the energy of integral circulant graphs, also called gcd graphs, which can be characterized by their vertex count $n$ and a set $\cal D$ of divisors of $n$ in such a way that they have vertex set $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$ and edge set $\{\{a,b\}:\, a,b\in\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z},\, \gcd(a-b,n)\in {\cal D}\}$. Given an arbitrary prime power $p^s$, we determine all divisor sets maximising the energy of an integral circulant graph of order $p^s$. This enables us to compute the maximal energy $\Emax{p^s}$ among all integral circulant graphs of order $p^s$.

Published
2011

8. Mapping Temperature Heterogeneities during Catalytic CO2 Methanation with Operando Luminescence Thermometry

Author

Jacobs, Thimo S., primary, van Swieten, Thomas P., additional, Vonk, Sander J. W., additional, Bosman, Isa P., additional, Melcherts, Angela E. M., additional, Janssen, Bas C., additional, Janssens, Joris C. L., additional, Monai, Matteo, additional, Meijerink, Andries, additional, Rabouw, Freddy T., additional, van der Stam, Ward, additional, and Weckhuysen, Bert M., additional

Published
2023
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12. Mapping Temperature Heterogeneities during Catalytic CO2 Methanation with Operando Luminescence Thermometry

Author

Jacobs, Thimo S, van Swieten, Thomas P, Vonk, Sander J W, Bosman, Isa P, Melcherts, Angela E M, Janssen, Bas C, Janssens, Joris C L, Monai, Matteo, Meijerink, Andries, Rabouw, Freddy T, van der Stam, Ward, Weckhuysen, Bert M, Jacobs, Thimo S, van Swieten, Thomas P, Vonk, Sander J W, Bosman, Isa P, Melcherts, Angela E M, Janssen, Bas C, Janssens, Joris C L, Monai, Matteo, Meijerink, Andries, Rabouw, Freddy T, van der Stam, Ward, and Weckhuysen, Bert M

Abstract

Controlling and understanding reaction temperature variations in catalytic processes are crucial for assessing the performance of a catalyst material. Local temperature measurements are challenging, however. Luminescence thermometry is a promising remote-sensing tool, but it is cross-sensitive to the optical properties of a sample and other external parameters. In this work, we measure spatial variations in the local temperature on the micrometer length scale during carbon dioxide (CO 2) methanation over a TiO 2-supported Ni catalyst and link them to variations in catalytic performance. We extract local temperatures from the temperature-dependent emission of Y 2O 3:Nd 3+ particles, which are mixed with the CO 2 methanation catalyst. Scanning, where a near-infrared laser locally excites the emitting Nd 3+ ions, produces a temperature map with a micrometer pixel size. We first designed the Y 2O 3:Nd 3+ particles for optimal temperature precision and characterized cross-sensitivity of the measured signal to parameters other than temperature, such as light absorption by the blackened sample due to coke deposition at elevated temperatures. Introducing reaction gases causes a local temperature increase of the catalyst of on average 6-25 K, increasing with the reactor set temperature in the range of 550-640 K. Pixel-to-pixel variations in the temperature increase show a standard deviation of up to 1.5 K, which are attributed to local variations in the catalytic reaction rate. Mapping and understanding such temperature variations are crucial for the optimization of overall catalyst performance on the nano- and macroscopic scale.

Published
2023

13. Mapping Temperature Heterogeneities during Catalytic CO2 Methanation with Operando Luminescence Thermometry

Author

Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Soft Condensed Matter and Biophysics, Sub Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Sub Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Jacobs, Thimo S, van Swieten, Thomas P, Vonk, Sander J W, Bosman, Isa P, Melcherts, Angela E M, Janssen, Bas C, Janssens, Joris C L, Monai, Matteo, Meijerink, Andries, Rabouw, Freddy T, van der Stam, Ward, Weckhuysen, Bert M, Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Soft Condensed Matter and Biophysics, Sub Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Sub Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Jacobs, Thimo S, van Swieten, Thomas P, Vonk, Sander J W, Bosman, Isa P, Melcherts, Angela E M, Janssen, Bas C, Janssens, Joris C L, Monai, Matteo, Meijerink, Andries, Rabouw, Freddy T, van der Stam, Ward, and Weckhuysen, Bert M

Published
2023

14. Nanophotonic Approach to Study Excited-State Dynamics in Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Author

Ario Cocina, Raphael Brechbühler, Sander J. W. Vonk, Jian Cui, Aurelio A. Rossinelli, Henar Rojo, Freddy T. Rabouw, and David J. Norris

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Materials Science, surface-relief gratings, plasmonic laser, distributed feedback, semiconductor nanoplatelets, plasmonics, Condensed Matter::Other, Physics::Optics, General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect
Abstract

In semiconductor nanocrystals, excited electrons relax through multipleradiative and nonradiative pathways. This complexity complicates characterization of theirdecay processes with standard time- and temperature-dependent photoluminescence studies.Here, we exploit a simple nanophotonic approach to augment such measurements and toaddress open questions related to nanocrystal emission. We place nanocrystals at differentdistances from a gold reflector to affect radiative rates through variations in the local density ofoptical states. We apply this approach to spherical CdSe-based nanocrystals to probe theradiative efficiency and polarization properties of the lowest dark and bright excitons byanalyzing temperature-dependent emission dynamics. For CdSe-based nanoplatelets, we identify the charge-carrier trappingmechanism responsible for strongly delayed emission. Our method, when combined with careful modeling of the influence of thenanophotonic environment on the relaxation dynamics, offers a versatile strategy to disentangle the complex excited-state decaypathways present influorescent nanocrystals as well as other emitters, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 13 (18), ISSN:1948-7185

Published
2022

15. High prevalence of epilepsy in Southern and Northern Rwanda: Myth or reality?

Author

Angwafor, S. A., Watila, M. M., Njamnshi, A. K., and Sander, J. W.

Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility, HEALTH facilities, PEOPLE with epilepsy, SUBSISTENCE farming, VACCINATION coverage, EPILEPSY
Abstract

This article discusses two studies conducted in Southern and Northern Rwanda that report a high prevalence of epilepsy. While the studies provide valuable data on the epilepsy burden in Sub-Saharan Africa, there are methodological issues that may affect the generalizability of the findings. The choice of study areas appears biased, and the selection of villages based on the absence of an epilepsy awareness campaign may introduce bias as well. Additionally, the exceptionally high participation rate in the Southern Rwanda study and the higher prevalence among women raise questions about the study's methodology and potential factors contributing to the high prevalence. The authors emphasize the need for prevalence studies to include large, heterogeneous populations and investigate local risk factors. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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18. Mapping Temperature Heterogeneities during Catalytic CO2Methanation with OperandoLuminescence Thermometry

Author

Jacobs, Thimo S., van Swieten, Thomas P., Vonk, Sander J. W., Bosman, Isa P., Melcherts, Angela E. M., Janssen, Bas C., Janssens, Joris C. L., Monai, Matteo, Meijerink, Andries, Rabouw, Freddy T., van der Stam, Ward, and Weckhuysen, Bert M.

Abstract

Controlling and understanding reaction temperature variations in catalytic processes are crucial for assessing the performance of a catalyst material. Local temperature measurements are challenging, however. Luminescence thermometry is a promising remote-sensing tool, but it is cross-sensitive to the optical properties of a sample and other external parameters. In this work, we measure spatial variations in the local temperature on the micrometer length scale during carbon dioxide (CO2) methanation over a TiO2-supported Ni catalyst and link them to variations in catalytic performance. We extract local temperatures from the temperature-dependent emission of Y2O3:Nd3+particles, which are mixed with the CO2methanation catalyst. Scanning, where a near-infrared laser locally excites the emitting Nd3+ions, produces a temperature map with a micrometer pixel size. We first designed the Y2O3:Nd3+particles for optimal temperature precision and characterized cross-sensitivity of the measured signal to parameters other than temperature, such as light absorption by the blackened sample due to coke deposition at elevated temperatures. Introducing reaction gases causes a local temperature increase of the catalyst of on average 6–25 K, increasing with the reactor set temperature in the range of 550–640 K. Pixel-to-pixel variations in the temperature increase show a standard deviation of up to 1.5 K, which are attributed to local variations in the catalytic reaction rate. Mapping and understanding such temperature variations are crucial for the optimization of overall catalyst performance on the nano- and macroscopic scale.

Published
2023
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20. Artificial intelligence extension of the OSCAR-IB criteria

Author

Petzold, A., Albrecht, P., Balcer, L., Bekkers, E., Brandt, A. U., Calabresi, P. A., Deborah, O. G., Graves, J. S., Green, A., Keane, P. A., Nij Bijvank, J. A., Sander, J. W., Paul, F., Saidha, S., Villoslada, P., Wagner, S. K., Yeh, E. A., Aktas, O., Antel, J., Asgari, N., Audo, I., Avasarala, J., Avril, D., Bagnato, F. R., Banwell, B., Bar-Or, A., Behbehani, R., Manterola, A. B., Bennett, J., Benson, L., Bernard, J., Bremond-Gignac, D., Britze, J., Burton, J., Calkwood, J., Carroll, W., Chandratheva, A., Cohen, J., Comi, G., Cordano, C., Costa, S., Costello, F., Courtney, A., Cruz-Herranz, A., Cutter, G., Crabb, D., Delott, L., De Seze, J., Diem, R., Dollfuss, H., El Ayoubi, N. K., Fasser, C., Finke, C., Fischer, D., Fitzgerald, K., Fonseca, P., Frederiksen, J. L., Frohman, E., Frohman, T., Fujihara, K., Cuellar, I. G., Galetta, S., Garcia-Martin, E., Giovannoni, G., Glebauskiene, B., Suarez, I. G., Jensen, G. P., Hamann, S., Hartung, H. -P., Havla, J., Hemmer, B., Huang, S. -C., Imitola, J., Jasinskas, V., Jiang, H., Kafieh, R., Kappos, L., Kardon, R., Keegan, D., Kildebeck, E., Kim, U. S., Klistorner, S., Knier, B., Kolbe, S., Korn, T., Krupp, L., Lagreze, W., Leocani, L., Levin, N., Liskova, P., Preiningerova, J. L., Lorenz, B., May, E., Miller, D., Mikolajczak, J., Said, S. M., Montalban, X., Morrow, M., Mowry, E., Murta, J., Navas, C., Nolan, R., Nowomiejska, K., Oertel, F. C., Oh, J., Oreja-Guevara, C., Orssaud, C., Osborne, B., Outteryck, O., Paiva, C., Palace, J., Papadopoulou, A., Patsopoulos, N., Pontikos, N., Preising, M., Prince, J., Reich, D., Rejdak, R., Ringelstein, M., Rodriguez de Antonio, L., Sahel, J. -A., Sanchez-Dalmau, B., Sastre-Garriga, J., Schippling, S., Schuman, J., Shindler, K., Shin, R., Shuey, N., Soelberg, K., Specovius, S., Suppiej, A., Thompson, A., Toosy, A., Torres, R., Touitou, V., Trauzettel-Klosinski, S., van der Walt, A., Vermersch, P., Vidal-Jordana, A., Waldman, A. T., Waters, C., Wheeler, R., White, O., Wilhelm, H., Winges, K. M., Wiegerinck, N., Wiehe, L., Wisnewski, T., Wong, S., Wurfel, J., Yaghi, S., You, Y., Yu, Z., Yu-Wai-Man, P., Zemaitien≐, R., Zimmermann, H., Albrecht P., Petzold A., Balcer, L., Bekkers, E., Brandt, A. U., Calabresi, P. A., Deborah, O. G., Graves, J. S., Green, A., Keane, P. A., Nij Bijvank, J. A., Sander, J. W., Paul, F., Saidha, S., Villoslada, P., Wagner, S. K., Yeh, E. A., Aktas, O., Antel, J., Asgari, N., Audo, I., Avasarala, J., Avril, D., Bagnato, F. R., Banwell, B., Bar-Or, A., Behbehani, R., Manterola, A. B., Bennett, J., Benson, L., Bernard, J., Bremond-Gignac, D., Britze, J., Burton, J., Calkwood, J., Carroll, W., Chandratheva, A., Cohen, J., Comi, G., Cordano, C., Costa, S., Costello, F., Courtney, A., Cruz-Herranz, A., Cutter, G., Crabb, D., Delott, L., De Seze, J., Diem, R., Dollfuss, H., El Ayoubi, N. K., Fasser, C., Finke, C., Fischer, D., Fitzgerald, K., Fonseca, P., Frederiksen, J. L., Frohman, E., Frohman, T., Fujihara, K., Cuellar, I. G., Galetta, S., Garcia-Martin, E., Giovannoni, G., Glebauskiene, B., Suarez, I. G., P. , Jensen, G., Hamann, S., Hartung, H. -P., Havla, J., Hemmer, B., Huang, S. -C., Imitola, J., Jasinskas, V., Jiang, H., Kafieh, R., Kappos, L., Kardon, R., Keegan, D., Kildebeck, E., Kim, U. S., Klistorner, S., Knier, B., Kolbe, S., Korn, T., Krupp, L., Lagreze, W., Leocani, L., Levin, N., Liskova, P., Preiningerova, J. L., Lorenz, B., May, E., Miller, D., Mikolajczak, J., Said, S. M., Montalban, X., Morrow, M., Mowry, E., Murta, J., Navas, C., Nolan, R., Nowomiejska, K., Oertel, F. C., Oh, J., Oreja-Guevara, C., Orssaud, C., Osborne, B., Outteryck, O., Paiva, C., Palace, J., Papadopoulou, A., Patsopoulos, N., Pontikos, N., Preising, M., Prince, J., Reich, D., Rejdak, R., Ringelstein, M., Rodriguez de Antonio, L., Sahel, J. -A., Sanchez-Dalmau, B., Sastre-Garriga, J., Schippling, S., Schuman, J., Shindler, K., Shin, R., Shuey, N., Soelberg, K., Specovius, S., Suppiej, A., Thompson, A., Toosy, A., Torres, R., Touitou, V., Trauzettel-Klosinski, S., van der Walt, A., Vermersch, P., Vidal-Jordana, A., Waldman, A. T., Waters, C., Wheeler, R., White, O., Wilhelm, H., Winges, K. M., Wiegerinck, N., Wiehe, L., Wisnewski, T., Wong, S., Wurfel, J., Yaghi, S., You, Y., Yu, Z., Yu-Wai-Man, P., Zemaitien≐, R., and Zimmermann, H.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Big Data, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, media_common.quotation_subject, Big data, MEDLINE, Reviews, Socio-culturale, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Review, Public domain, Retina, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Annotation, 0302 clinical medicine, Artificial Intelligence, medicine, Humans, Quality (business), RC346-429, Tomography, media_common, Image pattern recognition, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Nervous System Diseases, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Algorithms, 030104 developmental biology, Optical Coherence, Imaging technology, RC0321, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Neurology (clinical), Artificial intelligence, sense organs, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, RC321-571
Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI)‐based diagnostic algorithms have achieved ambitious aims through automated image pattern recognition. For neurological disorders, this includes neurodegeneration and inflammation. Scalable imaging technology for big data in neurology is optical coherence tomography (OCT). We highlight that OCT changes observed in the retina, as a window to the brain, are small, requiring rigorous quality control pipelines. There are existing tools for this purpose. Firstly, there are human‐led validated consensus quality control criteria (OSCAR‐IB) for OCT. Secondly, these criteria are embedded into OCT reporting guidelines (APOSTEL). The use of the described annotation of failed OCT scans advances machine learning. This is illustrated through the present review of the advantages and disadvantages of AI‐based applications to OCT data. The neurological conditions reviewed here for the use of big data include Alzheimer disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease, and epilepsy. It is noted that while big data is relevant for AI, ownership is complex. For this reason, we also reached out to involve representatives from patient organizations and the public domain in addition to clinical and research centers. The evidence reviewed can be grouped in a five‐point expansion of the OSCAR‐IB criteria to embrace AI (OSCAR‐AI). The review concludes by specific recommendations on how this can be achieved practically and in compliance with existing guidelines.

Published
2021

22. Lamotrigine

Author

Walker, M. C., Sander, J. W. A. S., Eadie, Mervyn J., editor, and Vajda, Frank J. E., editor

Published
1999
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23. Comparative effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Author

Silvennoinen K., de Lange N., Zagaglia S., Balestrini S., Androsova G., Wassenaar M., Auce P., Avbersek A., Becker F., Berghuis B., Campbell E., Coppola A., Francis B., Wolking S., Cavalleri G. L., Craig J., Delanty N., Johnson M. R., Koeleman B. P. C., Kunz W. S., Lerche H., Marson A. G., O'Brien T. J., Sander J. W., Sills G. J., Striano P., Zara F., van der Palen J., Krause R., Depondt C., Sisodiya S. M., Brodie M. J., Chinthapalli K., de Haan G. -J., Doherty C. P., Heavin S., McCormack M., Petrovski S., Sargsyan N., Slattery L., Willis J., National Institute for Health Research, Silvennoinen, K., de Lange, N., Zagaglia, S., Balestrini, S., Androsova, G., Wassenaar, M., Auce, P., Avbersek, A., Becker, F., Berghuis, B., Campbell, E., Coppola, A., Francis, B., Wolking, S., Cavalleri, G. L., Craig, J., Delanty, N., Johnson, M. R., Koeleman, B. P. C., Kunz, W. S., Lerche, H., Marson, A. G., O'Brien, T. J., Sander, J. W., Sills, G. J., Striano, P., Zara, F., van der Palen, J., Krause, R., Depondt, C., Sisodiya, S. M., Brodie, M. J., Chinthapalli, K., de Haan, G. -J., Doherty, C. P., Heavin, S., Mccormack, M., Petrovski, S., Sargsyan, N., Slattery, L., and Willis, J.

Subjects
Topiramate, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], seizure, adverse drug reaction, Clinical Neurology, Lamotrigine, lcsh:RC346-429, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Journal Article, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, EpiPGX Consortium, tolerability, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, seizures, adverse drug reactions, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], business.industry, Weight change, Généralités, Carbamazepine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, valproate, Neurology, Tolerability, Full‐length Original Research, Neurology (clinical), Levetiracetam, Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective: To study the effectiveness and tolerability of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) commonly used in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Methods: People with JME were identified from a large database of individuals with epilepsy, which includes detailed retrospective information on AED use. We assessed secular changes in AED use and calculated rates of response (12-month seizure freedom) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for the five most common AEDs. Retention was modeled with a Cox proportional hazards model. We compared valproate use between males and females. Results: We included 305 people with 688 AED trials of valproate, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, carbamazepine, and topiramate. Valproate and carbamazepine were most often prescribed as the first AED. The response rate to valproate was highest among the five AEDs (42.7%), and significantly higher than response rates for lamotrigine, carbamazepine, and topiramate; the difference to the response rate to levetiracetam (37.1%) was not significant. The rates of ADRs were highest for topiramate (45.5%) and valproate (37.5%). Commonest ADRs included weight change, lethargy, and tremor. In the Cox proportional hazards model, later start year (1.10 [1.08-1.13], P, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2019

26. Association of ultra-rare coding variants with genetic generalized epilepsy: A case–control whole exome sequencing study

Author

Koko, M., Motelow, J. E., Stanley, K. E., Bobbili, D. R., Dhindsa, R. S., May, P., Alldredge, B. K., Allen, A. S., Altmuller, J., Amrom, D., Andermann, E., Auce, P., Avbersek, A., Baulac, S., Bautista, J. F., Becker, F., Bellows, S. T., Berghuis, B., Berkovic, S. F., Bluvstein, J., Boro, A., Bridgers, J., Burgess, R., Caglayan, H., Cascino, G. D., Cavalleri, G. L., Chung, S. -K., Cieuta-Walti, C., Cloutier, V., Consalvo, D., Cossette, P., Crumrine, P., Delanty, N., Depondt, C., Desbiens, R., Devinsky, O., Dlugos, D., Epstein, M. P., Everett, K., Fiol, M., Fountain, N. B., Francis, B., French, J., Freyer, C., Friedman, D., Gambardella, A., Geller, E. B., Girard, S., Glauser, T., Glynn, S., Goldstein, D. B., Gravel, M., Haas, K., Haut, S. R., Heinzen, E. L., Helbig, I., Hildebrand, M. S., Johnson, M. R., Jorgensen, A., Joshi, S., Kanner, A., Kirsch, H. E., Klein, K. M., Knowlton, R. C., Koeleman, B. P. C., Kossoff, E. H., Krause, R., Krenn, M., Kunz, W. S., Kuzniecky, R., Langley, S. R., Leguern, E., Lehesjoki, A. -E., Lerche, H., Leu, C., Lortie, A., Lowenstein, D. H., Marson, A. G., Mebane, C., Mefford, H. C., Meloche, C., Moreau, C., Motika, P. V., Muhle, H., Moller, R. S., Nabbout, R., Nguyen, D. K., Nikanorova, M., Novotny, E. J., Nurnberg, P., Ottman, R., O'Brien, T. J., Paolicchi, J. M., Parent, J. M., Park, K., Peter, S., Petrou, S., Petrovski, S., Pickrell, W. O., Poduri, A., Radtke, R. A., Rees, M. I., Regan, B. M., Ren, Z., Sadleir, L. G., Sander, J. W., Sander, T., Scheffer, I. E., Schubert, J., Shellhaas, R. A., Sherr, E. H., Shih, J. J., Shinnar, S., Sills, G. J., Singh, R. K., Siren, A., Sirven, J., Sisodiya, S. M., Smith, M. C., Sonsma, A. C. M., Striano, P., Sullivan, J., Thio, L. L., Thomas, R. H., Venkat, A., Vining, E. P. G., Von Allmen, G. K., Wang, Q., Weber, Y. G., Weckhuysen, S., Weisenberg, J. L., Widdess-Walsh, P., Winawer, M. R., Wolking, S., Zara, F., Zimprich, F., Canadian Epilepsy Network, Epi4K Consortium, Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project, EpiPGX Consortium, EuroEPINOMICS-CoGIE Consortium, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor], Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB): Bioinformatics Core (R. Schneider Group) [research center], Peter, Sarah, Petrou, Steven, Petrovski, Slavé, Pickrell, William O., Poduri, Annapurna, Radtke, Rodney A., Rees, Mark I., Regan, Brigid M., Ren, Zhong, Sadleir, Lynette G., Alldredge, Brian K., Sander, Josemir W., Sander, Thomas, Scheffer, Ingrid E., Schubert, Julian, Shellhaas, Renée A., Sherr, Elliott H., Shih, Jerry J., Shinnar, Shlomo, Sills, Graeme J., Singh, Rani K., Allen, Andrew S., Siren, Auli, Sirven, Joseph, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smith, Michael C., Sonsma, Anja C. M., Striano, Pasquale, Sullivan, Joseph, Thio, Liu Lin, Thomas, Rhys H., Venkat, Anu, Altmüller, Janine, Vining, Eileen P. G., Von Allmen, Gretchen K., Wang, Quanli, Weber, Yvonne G., Weckhuysen, Sarah, Weisenberg, Judith L., Widdess-Walsh, Peter, Winawer, Melodie R., Wolking, Stefan, Zara, Federico, Amrom, Dina, Zimprich, Fritz, Andermann, Eva, Auce, Pauls, Avbersek, Andreja, Baulac, Stéphanie, Bautista, Jocelyn F., Becker, Felicitas, Bellows, Susannah T., Berghuis, Bianca, Berkovic, Samuel F., Bluvstein, Judith, Boro, Alex, Bridgers, Joshua, Burgess, Rosemary, Caglayan, Hande, Cascino, Gregory D., Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Chung, Seo-Kyung, Cieuta-Walti, Cécile, Cloutier, Véronique, Consalvo, Damian, Cossette, Patrick, Crumrine, Patricia, Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desbiens, Richard, Devinsky, Orrin, Dlugos, Dennis, Epstein, Michael P., Everett, Kate, Fiol, Miguel, Fountain, Nathan B., Francis, Ben, French, Jacqueline, Freyer, Catharine, Friedman, Daniel, Gambardella, Antonio, Geller, Eric B., Girard, Simon, Glauser, Tracy, Glynn, Simon, Goldstein, David B., Gravel, Micheline, Haas, Kevin, Haut, Sheryl R., Heinzen, Erin L., Helbig, Ingo, Hildebrand, Michael S., Johnson, Michael R., Jorgensen, Andrea, Joshi, Sucheta, Kanner, Andres, Kirsch, Heidi E., Klein, Karl M., Knowlton, Robert C., Koeleman, Bobby P. C., Kossoff, Eric H., Krause, Roland, Krenn, Martin, Kunz, Wolfram S., Kuzniecky, Ruben, Langley, Sarah R., LeGuern, Eric, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, Lerche, Holger, Leu, Costin, Lortie, Anne, Lowenstein, Daniel H., Marson, Anthony G., Mebane, Caroline, Mefford, Heather C., Meloche, Caroline, Moreau, Claudia, Motika, Paul V., Muhle, Hiltrud, Møller, Rikke S., Nabbout, Rima, Nguyen, Dang K., Nikanorova, Marina, Novotny, Edward J., Nürnberg, Peter, Ottman, Ruth, O'Brien, Terence J., Paolicchi, Juliann M., Parent, Jack M., and Park, Kristen

Subjects
GABA receptors, Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], Clinical Sciences, GABA(A) receptors, GABRG2, familial epilepsy, Article, Clinical Research, Receptors, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, GGE, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, sporadic epilepsy, EpiPGX Consortium, Aetiology, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, GABAA receptors, Epi4K Consortium, Epilepsy, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], Generalized, GABA-A, Prevention, Human Genome, Neurosciences, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, 3112 Neurosciences, Receptors, GABA-A, EuroEPINOMICS-CoGIE Consortium, Neurology, Case-Control Studies, Epilepsy, Generalized, Canadian Epilepsy Network, Neurology (clinical), Genetics & genetic processes [F10] [Life sciences], 3111 Biomedicine, Human medicine, Génétique & processus génétiques [F10] [Sciences du vivant], Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project
Abstract

ObjectiveWe aimed to identify genes associated with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) by combining large cohorts enriched with individuals with a positive family history. Secondarily, we set out to compare the association of genes independently with familial and sporadic GGE.MethodsWe performed a case-control whole exome sequencing study in unrelated individuals of European descent diagnosed with GGE (previously recruited and sequenced through multiple international collaborations) and ancestry-matched controls. The association of ultra-rare variants (URVs; in 18834 protein-coding genes) with epilepsy was examined in 1928 individuals with GGE (vs. 8578 controls), then separately in 945 individuals with familial GGE (vs. 8626 controls), and finally in 1005 individuals with sporadic GGE (vs. 8621 controls). We additionally examined the association of URVs with familial and sporadic GGE in two gene sets important for inhibitory signaling (19genes encoding γ-aminobutyric acid type A [GABAA ] receptors, 113genes representing the GABAergic pathway).ResultsGABRG2 was associated with GGE (p=1.8×10-5 ), approaching study-wide significance in familial GGE (p=3.0×10-6 ), whereas no gene approached a significant association with sporadic GGE. Deleterious URVs in the most intolerant subgenic regions in genes encoding GABAA receptors were associated with familial GGE (odds ratio [OR]=3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.9-7.8, false discovery rate [FDR]-adjusted p=.0024), whereas their association with sporadic GGE had marginally lower odds (OR=3.1, 95% CI=1.3-6.7, FDR-adjusted p=.022). URVs in GABAergic pathway genes were associated with familial GGE (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.3-2.5, FDR-adjusted p=.0024) but not with sporadic GGE (OR=1.3, 95% CI=.9-1.9, FDR-adjusted p=.19).SignificanceURVs in GABRG2 are likely an important risk factor for familial GGE. The association of gene sets of GABAergic signaling with familial GGE is more prominent than with sporadic GGE.

Published
2022

33. Infantile Spasms and Vigabatrin

Author

Osborne, John P., Edwards, Stuart W., Hancock, Eleanor, Lux, Andrew L., O'Callaghan, Finbar, Johnson, Tony, Kennedy, Colin R., Newton, Richard W., Verity, Christopher M., Lhatoo, S. D., and Sander, J. W. A. S.

Published
1999

39. Assessing the role of rare genetic variants in drug-resistant, non-lesional focal epilepsy

Author

Wolking, S., Moreau, C., Mccormack, M., Krause, R., Krenn, M., Berkovic, S., Cavalleri, G. L., Delanty, N., Depondt, C., Johnson, M. R., Koeleman, B. P. C., Kunz, W. S., Lerche, H., Marson, A. G., O'Brien, T. J., Petrovski, S., Sander, J. W., Sills, G. J., Striano, P., Zara, F., Zimprich, F., Sisodiya, S. M., Girard, S. L., Cossette, P., Avbersek, A., Leu, C., Heggeli, K., Demurtas, R., Willis, J., Speed, D., Sargsyan, N., Chinthapalli, K., Borghei, M., Coppola, A., Gambardella, A., Becker, F., Rau, S., Hengsbach, C., Weber, Y. G., Berghuis, B., Campbell, E., Gudmundsson, L. J., Ingason, A., Stefansson, K., Schneider, R., Balling, R., Auce, P., Francis, B., Jorgensen, A., Morris, A., Langley, S., Srivastava, P., Brodie, M., Todaro, M., Hutton, J., Muhle, H., Klein, K. M., Moller, R. S., Nikanorova, M., Weckhuysen, S., Rener-Primec, Z., Craig, J., and Stefansson, H.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Candidate gene, Drug Resistant Epilepsy, Neurology [D14] [Human health sciences], Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Drug resistance, Bioinformatics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Whole Exome Sequencing, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Polymorphism, RC346-429, Gene, Exome sequencing, Research Articles, Genetic Association Studies, Neurologie [D14] [Sciences de la santé humaine], business.industry, General Neuroscience, Genetic variants, Genetic Variation, Single Nucleotide, medicine.disease, DEPDC5, Female, 030104 developmental biology, Cohort, Neurology (clinical), Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, RC321-571, Research Article
Abstract

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology 8(7), 1376-1387 (2021). doi:10.1002/acn3.51374, Published by Wiley, Chichester [u.a.]

Published
2021

47. Single Trap States in Single CdSe Nanoplatelets

Author

Hinterding, Stijn O. M., primary, Salzmann, Bastiaan B. V., additional, Vonk, Sander J. W., additional, Vanmaekelbergh, Daniel, additional, Weckhuysen, Bert M., additional, Hutter, Eline M., additional, and Rabouw, Freddy T., additional

Published
2021
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49. Optical Fourier surfaces

Author

Sander J. W. Vonk, Raphael Brechbühler, David J. Norris, Nolan Lassaline, Boris le Feber, Samuel Bisig, Martin Spieser, Freddy T. Rabouw, and Korneel Ridderbeek

Subjects
Holography, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Grating, 01 natural sciences, Article, law.invention, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Transformation optics, Wavefront, Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Multidisciplinary, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, business.industry, Fourier optics, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Fourier transform, symbols, Spatial frequency, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract

Gratings1 and holograms2 are patterned surfaces that tailor optical signals by diffraction. Despite their long history, variants with remarkable functionalities continue to be discovered3,4. Further advances could exploit Fourier optics5, which specifies the surface pattern that generates a desired diffracted output through its Fourier transform. To shape the optical wavefront, the ideal surface profile should contain a precise sum of sinusoidal waves, each with a well-defined amplitude, spatial frequency, and phase. However, because fabrication techniques typically yield profiles with at most a few depth levels, complex ‘wavy’ surfaces cannot be obtained, limiting the straightforward mathematical design and implementation of sophisticated diffractive optics. Here we present a simple yet powerful approach to eliminate this design–fabrication mismatch by demonstrating optical surfaces that contain an arbitrary number of specified sinusoids. We combine thermal scanning-probe lithography6–8 and templating9 to create periodic and aperiodic surface patterns with continuous depth control and subwavelength spatial resolution. Multicomponent linear gratings allow precise manipulation of electromagnetic signals through Fourier-spectrum engineering10. Consequently, we overcome a previous limitation in photonics by creating an ultrathin grating that simultaneously couples red, green, and blue light at the same angle of incidence. More broadly, we analytically design and accurately replicate intricate twodimensional moiré patterns11,12, quasicrystals13,14, and holograms15,16, demonstrating a variety of previously impossible diffractive surfaces. Therefore, this approach can provide benefit for optical devices (biosensors17, lasers18,19, metasurfaces4, and modulators20) and emerging topics in photonics (topological structures21, transformation optics22, and valleytronics23).

Published
2019

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