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Translating linguistic terms has taken little concern from translation researchers and scholars. This research paper discusses the attempts made by senior students of the English department, University of Benghazi, at EL-Marj Campus when they translate linguistic terms (or names of their department courses). In order to examine their translations, the researcher hypothesizes that if English undergraduate students at Benghazi University learn certain strategies which they use as tools when translating the list of their courses and they are aware of the equivalence of some of these courses' names, they will not find difficulties in translating these linguistic terms. To check this hypothesis and to achieve the aims of this study, translation test, questionnaire, and semi-structured interview are used as data collection in this study. A qualitative study is used to deal with twenty six senior students from the department of English, in the academic year 2018/2019. The results show that the students use code switching intentionally, as adding local color to when they speak. Others could not know their translation equivalents in the target, Arabic. Accordingly, they apply code switching in order to overcome their translation inability. The findings of the study also revealed that the most frequently used translation strategy is equivalence translation. This study will also be useful everywhere else.

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) refers to a range of symptoms experienced by newborns exposed to drugs, particularly opioids, during pregnancy. Symptoms can manifest within the first few days of life and may include irritability, feeding difficulties, tremors, sweating, and seizures. Effective nursing interventions are crucial for managing NAS, focusing on both the immediate and long-term needs of the infant. Assessment of withdrawal symptoms is essential, followed by the implementation of a structured care plan that may include supportive measures such as swaddling, minimizing environmental stimuli, and promoting breastfeeding if appropriate. Additionally, regular monitoring of the infant's growth and development is vital for ensuring optimal outcomes. In cases where symptoms are severe, pharmacological interventions may be necessary. Nurses play a critical role in administering medications such as morphine or methadone to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and ensure the infant’s comfort. Collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, including lactation consultants and social workers, is also important to address the family's needs and facilitate education regarding NAS. Providing emotional support and resources for parents whose infants are affected by NAS can significantly improve both maternal and child health outcomes. Education about the importance of follow-up care and ongoing support services must be emphasized to prevent potential long-term complications associated with substance exposure in utero.

Optimization and statistical methods are used to minimize the number of experiments required to complete a study, especially in corrosion testing. Here, a statistical Box–Behnken design (BBD) was implemented to investigate the effects of four independent variables (inhibitor concentration [I], immersion time t, temperature ϑ, and NaCl content [NaCl]) based on the variation of three levels (lower, middle, and upper) on the corrosion protection efficiency of the green inhibitor oleoylsarcosine for low-carbon steel type CR4 in salt water. The effects of the selected variables were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) supported by the Minitab17 program. Depending on the BBD analytical tools, the largest effects were found for ϑ, followed by [I]. The effect of interactions between these variables was in the following order: [I] and ϑ > t and ϑ > [I] and [NaCl]. The second-order model used here for optimization showed that the upper level (+1) with 75 mmol/L for [I], 30 min for t, and 0.2 mol/L [NaCl] provided an optimal protective effect for each of these factors, while the lower level (−1) was 25 °C for ϑ. The theoretical efficiency predicted by the RSM model was 99.4%, while the efficiency during the experimental test procedure with the best-evaluated variables was 97.2%.

To investigate the corrosion protection behavior of naturally derived cocoyl sarcosine in combination with N-b-hydroxyethyl oleyl imidazole for steel CR4 in 0.1 M NaCl, different evaluation systems (weight loss, electrochemical measurements, and spray corrosion tests) were used. Both compounds were tested in different concentrations (25–100 mmol/L) and with variable dip coating times (1–30 min), first individually and then in combination, to check any synergistic effects for surface protection. Both showed only an insignificant corrosion inhibiting effect with less than 50% efficiency at all concentrations and dip coating times if used alone. In contrast, compound combinations revealed an improved corrosion inhibition correlated with higher concentrations. Across all methods, the compound combination concentration of 100 mmol/L resulted in improved efficiency of up to 83% for gravimetric tests, up to 84% for the impedance measure and more than 91% for potentiodynamic polarization. Dip coating variations proved 10 min to be the best option for all compounds with a maximum efficiency of up to 86% for the compound combination.

Omaima Changuiti,1 Nawar Moustarhfir,1 Abdelghafour Marfak,1,2 Elmadani Saad,1 Abderraouf Hilali,1 Ibtissam Youlyouz-Marfak1 1Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Settat, 26000, Morocco; 2National School of Public Health, Rabat, 10000, MoroccoCorrespondence: Ibtissam Youlyouz-MarfakHassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Settat, 26000, MoroccoTel +212 6 61 60 43 58Fax +212 5 23 40 01 87Email ibtissam.marfak@uhp.ac.maPurpose: A health professional’s learning curriculum should lead to the acquisition of technical and non-technical skills. This study aims at demonstrating the impact of simulation-based learning (SBL) experience on the learning of midwifery students.Patients and Methods: Using an experimental design, the experimental group (n=14) received pretest, high fidelity simulation, then a post-test. Whereas the control group (n=14) received pretest, revision of the theoretical course instead of simulation, post-test 1, high fidelity simulation, then a post-test 2. The first scenario was about a normal childbirth when the midwifery students were in their 2nd year. And then the second one was about immediate postpartum hemorrhage when the students moved to their 3rd year.Results: During the simulation sessions, the experimental group had a higher mean score in the post-test than the control group. This indicated that the simulation significantly (p< 0.001) increased the students’ knowledge. Also, for both eutocic and dystocic delivery simulation experiments, students obtained higher score in the second simulation sessions (19.69 and 19.4 for eutocic and dystocic, respectively) than in the first session (11.23 and 9.12 for eutocic and dystocic, respectively; p< 0.0001).Conclusion: These findings confirm that SBL offers an opportunity for learners to be immersed in an environment that is closer to reality, thus improving learning in a safe environment.Keywords: postpartum hemorrhage, midwifery, high fidelity simulation, training, curriculum, obstetric

Pathogen-based factors associated with tuberculosis (TB) in eastern Sudan are not well defined. We investigated genetic diversity, drug resistance, and possible transmission clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains by using a genomic epidemiology approach. We collected 383 sputum specimens at 3 hospitals in 2014 and 2016 from patients with symptoms suggestive of TB; of these, 171 grew MTBC strains. Whole-genome sequencing could be performed on 166 MTBC strains; phylogenetic classification revealed that most (73.4%; n = 122) belonged to lineage 3 (L3). Genome-based cluster analysis showed that 76 strains (45.9%) were grouped into 29 molecular clusters, comprising 2–8 strains/patients. Of the strains investigated, 9.0% (15/166) were multidrug resistant (MDR); 10 MDR MTBC strains were linked to 1 large MDR transmission network. Our findings indicate that L3 strains are the main causative agent of TB in eastern Sudan; MDR TB is caused mainly by transmission of MDR L3 strains.

Introduction: The prevalence of iron deficiency, latent and symptomatic, is heterogeneous worldwide. In this study, we aim to explore the prevalence of iron deficiency, with and without anemia, among medical college females at the high Altitude Aseer region of Southwestern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: 200 female medical students were randomly sampled, between the ages of 19 and 27 years. Blood samples were collected for complete blood count (CBC) values and serum ferritin determination. Questionnaires were completed in order to collect demographics, medical history, and socioeconomic information of the participants. Results: Prevalence of overall iron deficiency was high (63%, serum ferritin

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem; 10 million new cases were reported in 2018 (1). In Sudan, the estimated national TB incidence in 2018 was 71/100,000 persons; a [...]

In this paper, the impact of small additions of indium (In), nickel (Ni), and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in the microstructure and characterization of eutectic Sn–0.7 Cu (SC07)-based solder were investigated. The third element In, Ni, or TiO2 NPs were added in varying amounts 0.4 or 0.8 wt% to SC07 alloy by replacing an equal amount of Sn for each addition. Structural analysis of the investigated samples showed that the addition of Ni or In modified the eutectic composition, leading to the appearance of primary phases (Cu6Sn5) followed by the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) (Cu, Ni)6Sn5 and Cu6(Sn, In)5. However, addition of TiO2 NPs did not lead to formation of any new IMCs but refine β-Sn dendrites grains with a decrease in the volume fraction of Cu6Sn5 IMC. The crystallite size, lattice strain, and dislocation density of the SC07 solder alloy were improved in terms of third addition. The results indicated that the smallest crystallite size for SC07–0.8In associated with largest lattice strain and highest dislocation density. Microhardness tests were performed for all samples at room temperature. The results illustrate the enhancement indentation creep resistance of SC07 reinforced solder, which inherently correlates to the microstructure refinement and the formation of intermetallic phases (Cu, Ni)6Sn5 and Cu6(Sn, In)5 with higher hardness values. The obtained stress exponent values are in the range 9.26–11.46 for all tested alloys which close to that creep mechanisms associated with dislocation movement such as dislocation creep are predominant. Thus, we conclude that the greatest value of stress exponent for SC07–0.8In (10.9–11.46) at different loads suggested to be more resistant to indentation creep which improves the mechanical strength compared to other solders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces a new series of complexes and adducts, denoted by [M(2-PhOEtXant)2.nL], where M represents Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), or Ni(II), and the ligand (2-PhOEtXant) is 2-Phenoxyethylxanthate. Varying ligands, including pyridine, piperidine, quinoline, ethylenediamine, and (1,10)-phenanthroline, are explored based on the value of n. Comprehensive characterization, encompassing techniques like ¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FTIR, AA, CHN analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy, and magnetic property measurements, is employed. Results indicate an octahedral geometry for these complexes, as revealed by effective magnetic moment measurements and electronic spectra analysis. The compounds exhibit noteworthy antioxidant properties, demonstrated through the DPPH radical scavenging method, highlighting their potential as effective antioxidants. Moreover, the complexes display enhanced antibacterial activity against microbial strains compared to free ligands. This research not only delves into the coordination chemistry of these complexes but also underscores their diverse applications. Combining experimental methods with computational insights using Density Functional Theory (DFT) enhances the understanding of dithiolate transition metal complexes. The alignment of computational and experimental outcomes strengthens the reliability of the findings, laying a robust foundation for interdisciplinary exploration. The identified potential applications in optoelectronics, along with the notable antioxidant and antibacterial activities, position these complexes as promising contenders for advanced technologies and scientific applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]