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This article investigates the perspectives of managers on green marketing strategies in the oil and gas industry, a critical global concern given that a significant portion of historical industrial greenhouse gas emissions can be traced back to a few oil and gas companies. Employing Q methodology and its subjective operant theory for a nuanced qualitative and quantitative approach, the research builds a Q-sample through a literature review and in-depth interviews with nine experienced Iraqi managers. The P-sample includes 20 senior, middle managers, and supervisors in Iraq's oil and gas sector. The study identifies five distinct viewpoints among Iraqi managers regarding green marketing strategy adoption: (1) opponents and skeptics; (2) environmental advocates; (3) public opinion advocates; (4) government adherents; and (5) forward-thinking visionaries. The findings contribute valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing green marketing strategies in a region marked by environmental concerns and economic imperatives. This research not only enhances understanding but also informs policymaking, guides businesses in formulating more effective sustainable strategies, and encourages environmental responsibility within the Iraqi corporate landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tax regulation issues have been the focus since the COVID-19 crisis and the subsequent EU energy crisis. From the Keynesian approach, the expansionary fiscal policy of states can contribute to stimulating aggregate demand and, as a consequence, economic growth, on the other hand, the post-crisis macroeconomic policy trend has become fiscal compression (budget consolidation), corresponding to the neoliberal paradigm. This policy has been actively promoted by the supranational institutions of EU, which, with the help of various instruments of fiscal regulation, have effectively imposed budgetary consolidation on member countries. Considering that the European Commission continues to urge countries to better the sustainability of their public finances and believes that the situation with the tax system is only safe in some EU countries, while in others it finds significant imbalances, particularly high levels of public debt, which need to be corrected by the Stability and Growth Pact mechanisms, the relevance of this study is beyond doubt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of economic development involves the process of increasing the standard of living of a region's population by increasing incomes. This is reflected in indications such as labour productivity, gross domestic product, labour force levels and the growth rate of the economy. The economic system and its dynamics are closely linked to economic growth. The economic analysis of the region leads to an elaborate and detailed study. This work will analyze the entrepreneurial environment in the South East Region in close correlation with the workforce and the need to digitize it. Smart development is essential and includes research, development and innovation at key points in the region, such as the emphasis on job creation.

The fiscal sphere can be considered the quintessence of state participation in the economy. Fiscal regulation, respectively fiscal harmonization and control over national budgets, are considered as advanced coordination within the normative management. The impact of EU supranational fiscal regulation on the economies of member countries can be accomplished through budgetary consolidation. This article is dedicated to the analysis of the fiscal consolidation effects and the measures and instruments of fiscal regulation of the EU, which can theoretically be applied to the EU member countries, as well as the effectiveness of the supranational impact and national measures for the implementation and achievement of supranational solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article briefly examines the changes in international tourist flows and the dynamics of international tourist revenues in the period 1996-2017; 2012-2018. It was made the diagnosis of flows by tourist regions of the world, and the tourism role trend has been established both locally and internationally. This trend was also found in Ukraine, based on the analysis of the tourist flows, a thorough diagnosis of the main indicators of the activity of entities in tourism: number of tourists served by the subjects of tourist activity, and the incomes of the enterprises of the tourist on the categories of legal and natural persons. It shows the importance of obtaining income from the provision of tourism services and their impact both on the activity of tourism enterprises and on the economy of the state. There is a close relationship between the level of income of the consumer and the level of income of the tourist enterprise. The analysis supported the elaboration of forecasts on revenues from tourism services in three development scenarios: pessimistic, realistic and optimistic.

The economic crisis was a turning point for both Romanian organizations and HR activity, thus generating a series of negative effects on human resources management. The improvement of these negative effects is a duty of the HR department, whose role has evolved into that of a mediator of the necessary climate to achieve the performance, efficiency and optimal results. The present paper deals with freelancing, a subject with high degree of novelty in human resources, highlighting the key benefits of its integration in the activity of HR. To emphasize a healthy process of implementation, we will address successively managerial decision and resistance to change that occurs inevitably, the state of imbalance generated by change, and how we can finally get equilibrium through recognition and understanding the need for change. To reflect the phenomenon subjected to analysis, we performed a mathematical modeling of performance with human resources, the expenses for human resources, and we calculated the ratio performance – cost regarding the integration of freelancing in HR activity. This work brings finally a concrete solution to the great developments occurring in the human resources management, namely to ensure consistency between efficient human resource costs, ensuring a high motivation and human resource performance increasement.

The article approaches the analysis of the impact of information technology on marketing services. There are identified the main growth trends and developmental drawbacks. There are analyzed the major trends of modern marketing, among which the leader positions belong to digital marketing. An ample influence on the methods of carrying out marketing research is the connection to the Internet of a large number of users, the omnipresence of social networks. A new direction in marketing research has emerged, based on the processing and analysis of large amounts of data, called Big Data. Big data technologies find applications in almost all digital marketing tools. There are highlighted the characteristics of the development of intelligent information systems. The main areas of applying artificial intelligence in marketing are identified. The most promising direction for the use of artificial intelligence and the development perspectives of marketing specialists who are working with artificial intelligence tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the present paper is to highlight the importance and impact of the concept of reengineering, both by identifying certain opportunities to improve the performance of Romanian printing companies and some strategies of total redesign of the production process based on highlighting some of their effective combinations as well as the integration of some proper mathematical models. First of all, this study will focus on achieving results that are based on identifying some specific problems that companies have faced at a certain point and on concrete problem solving solutions. Second, there should be emphasized that reengineering works in almost any situation related to a big or small company or the production area or NGOs. Specific objectives: designing and testing a mathematical model that can be adapted to the specific activities of the printing organization, providing the best solution of variable allocation to increase performance.

According to the European Parliament, the EU is facing a major energy crisis, triggered on the one hand by natural gas shortages and on the other by the explosive rise in energy prices. In this context, the aim of this paper is to identify the requirements of the final energy consumer and the opinions on energy produced from renewable sources (E-RES) and to analyze the factors influencing investments in E-RES. In order to achieve the proposed goal, the following objectives were formulated: objective 1 - review of the literature on investments in renewable energy; objective 2 - to establish the implications generated by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on the activity of the energy sector; objective 3 - evaluation of the contribution of green certificates (CV) in stimulating the production of green energy; objective 4 - identify the end consumer's perspective on the transition from conventional to renewable energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The correct application of digital marketing strategies has a direct impact on favorable results within a business. Social media marketing is not just a trend for a long time, now it has become a necessity, the company that stays only with traditional advertising can lose both existing customers and potential customers. The purpose of the conducted research is to identify among young entrepreneurs the motivations for using the concept of content marketing in their business, the role of social media networks in promoting a business, the evaluation of the impact of following a digital marketing plan on the final results of the company, the analysis of the implications of using tools of digital marketing and the need to establish digital marketing channels at the level of a business. We are witnessing an extraordinary evolution of marketing and how it is understood, applied and quantified through the results achieved. Digital marketing has become indispensable for all entrepreneurs, and in order to cope with the market in which they operate in relation to the numerous competitions and the increasingly sophisticated demands of consumers, entrepreneurs take into account the digital marketing channels suitable for their business, designing and following a guide of digital marketing and the use of effective digital marketing tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing based on stimulating customers' senses is used mainly in luxury brand stores, which often position sensations above the product itself. The atmosphere present at the point of sale has become one of the main attributes for brand choice and loyalty. Sensory marketing techniques go beyond the rational side of processing information coming from the external environment, acting on the buyer's unconscious by generating instinctive reactions. The paper contains a study which aimed to identify the perception and influence of sensory marketing techniques used in Zara textile brand stores on customer behaviour. The study also aimed, by formulating and testing hypotheses, to identify the effects of multisensory stimulation methods and the causes that negatively affect their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to present the ways in which the project "Active measures to increase the participation in entrepreneurial tertiary education of students from disadvantaged environments Antre_S" POCU / 379/6/21 / 12438 carried out by „Ion Ionescu de la Brad ” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iași as an Applicant in partnership with the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat„ King Mihai I of Romania ”from Timișoara (Partner 1) and „ Dunărea de Jos ” University Galați (Partner 2), contributes to the accomplishment of the homework secondary and ESF horizontal objectives. Targeted by the Applicant's Guide - Specific Conditions "Entrepreneur Student Scholarship". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizational identity is a key element in a continuous exploration and definition, where the need to be defined as well as possible is continuous. This paper sets forth the factors of impact on the organizational identity from the communication campaigns viewpoint. The manner in which a brand tries to "communicate" with the target audience, and to convince of its qualities, is a present-day subject, with many resources to exploit. It is precisely for this reason that the need for this article has appeared, trying to bring new methods of identity strengthening, in addition to those already known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the health system in Romania, focussing on the "actors" running it as well as on the fundamental objectives and complex analyses in terms of their reaction regarding patients, performance and position of each system on the health care market. The present research identified a public health care system based on inequities in the distribution of financial and human resources between institutions, regions, rural and urban areas and of health care delivery. Inequalities were also identified in the way patients' health needs are met. In this context a mathematical model was developed, which can help any institution increase the quality of its services and achieve performance. The main precondition required was that each institution should focus not on external financial resources but on the internal ones as well as on an increase in material base investment and on identifying ethical values that lead to patient satisfaction, i.e. the application of ethical principles in the proportion corresponding to the model. To conclude ethical principles in health care must be promoted since only due to these principles people will benefit from patient-centred care, will be provided respectful and responsive health care and above all will actually benefit from their right to health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advertising serves as a mod that shapes social and moral values of the viewer and therefore, due attention should be paid to ensure that the content is healthy, that it positively affects the viewer and the values that inspires represent an ethical improvement of society health. This paper presents a research based on a semi-structured interview and the applying of a questionnaire. The purpose of this research is to reveal the extent to which respondents acknowledge the influence of advertising in decision-making. It can be said that in order to protect society from the harmful effects of advertising, we can create a model with a series of measures that advertising is socially responsible and even beneficial for the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides the other elements of the marketing policy, price expresses the degree of commercial activity's adaptation to environment's demands; it is the measure of marketing essential functions' achievement, namely the satisfaction of consumption needs at a high level and the maximization of economic efficiency. The price represents an instrument for recovering company's expenses and obtaining benefits incorporated in products, thus measuring company's capacity of adaptation to environment's conditions and of organizational competitiveness' determination. However, in a field like postal services where service specification, nature and sometimes monopoly situation determine different actions from organizations, there happens a series of known classical methods' adaptations. This work aims at highlighting this special situation and at presenting the values that are the basis of the optimum strategy's fulfilment for the acquiring of normality so necessary to an economy based on competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Our country's geographical configuration offers ideal conditions for the tourism proper nowadays, as well as for practicing winter sports, with a huge not capitalized potential that may be emphasized in a relatively short period with minimum investments. This work proposes to highlight these areas with a real tourist potential and to carry out a practical model of the project of village transformation into a tourist product by using project management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]