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4 results on '"SRA/INRA"'

1. Negative genetic correlations between production traits and head or bony tissues in large all-female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Author

Hervé Chapuis, Cédric Pincent, Pierrick Haffray, Emmanuel Mazeiraud, Marie-Noelle Rossignol, Jérôme Bugeon, Mathilde Dupont-Nivet, Béatrice Chatain, Marc Vandeputte, Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Unité de Recherches Avicoles (URA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aqualande, Laboratoire d'Analyse Génétique pour les Espèces Animales (LABOGENA), Intensification raisonnée et écologique pour une pisciculture durable (UMR INTREPID), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Station SCRIBE, Syndicats des sélectionneurs avicoles et aquacoles français (SYSAAF), Recherches Avicoles (SRA), SRA/INRA, and Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Restricted maximum likelihood, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], salmonid, resource allocation, fillet yield, Aquaculture, Aquatic Science, Biology, Selective breeding, Genetic correlation, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal science, Fillet (mechanics), Resource allocation, selective breeding, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Fillet yield, Salmonids, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Mating design, Anatomy, Heritability, head, aquaculture, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Rainbow trout, Allometry, Head
Abstract

Genetic parameters of production traits (growth, carcass yield, fillet yield) and bony tissues (head and vertebral axis) were estimated for large all-female rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in freshwater. Genetic parameters were estimated using REML at 16 months of age (1636 g) on 1962 DNA-assigned progenies from a partial factorial mating design with 60 dams and 100 sex-reversed sires. Most traits presented medium to high heritability (0.37 to 0.54). A high genetic correlation (r(A)=0.97) was found between fillet yield and headless gutted carcass yield (or HGCarc%). Due to its higher heritability and high genetic correlation with fillet yield, selection on HGCarc% should result in a 50% increase in selection efficiency on fillet yield by reducing operator-linked variability at filleting. However, strong negative genetic correlations were estimated between body weight or fillet yield and bony tissue development as head yield or the head and vertebral column yield (-0.48 to -0.57). Ten generations of selection on body weight (or fillet yield) are, therefore, predicted to decrease the relative head development by 25 to 30% for slaughtering at constant age. As it is impossible to disentangle this result from a correlation that is only mathematically determined, this result needs further investigations. If yields are corrected according to their allometric relationship with body weight, only selection for fillet yield will decrease the proportion of bony tissues for a slaughtering at a constant body weight. Whatever the final objective of selection (to increase body weight or to shorten the production cycle at constant body weight), it is concluded that at least selection on fillet yield will affect the relative head and the vertebral axis development and that selection on growth may affect bony tissue development. These results are discussed in relation to the past results from livestock breeding, resource energy allocation theory and a future improvement of robustness by selection. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2012
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3. Amino acid availability regulates S6K1 and protein synthesis in avian insulin-insensitive QM7 myoblasts.

Author

Tesseraud S, Bigot K, and Taouis M

Subjects
Animals, Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Chromones pharmacology, Insulin metabolism, Morpholines pharmacology, Muscles cytology, Phosphorylation, Quail, Sirolimus pharmacology, Amino Acids metabolism, Muscles metabolism, Protein Biosynthesis, Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases metabolism
Abstract

The regulation of S6K1 by nutritional status and insulin has been recently reported in vivo in chicken muscle despite the relative insulin resistance of this tissue as estimated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) activity. The present work aimed to study the impact of amino acids on S6K1 activity in quail muscle (QM7) myoblasts. Firstly, we characterized S6K1 in QM7 cells and demonstrated the absence of insulin receptors in these cells. Secondly, we showed that amino acids in the absence of insulin induced S6K1 phosphorylation on Thr389 and concomitantly increased its enzymatic activity. Amino acid-induced S6K1 activation was inhibited by LY294002 (PI3-kinase inhibitor) and rapamycin (inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR), suggesting the involvement of an avian homolog of mTOR. The availability of individual amino acids (methionine or leucine) regulated S6K1 phosphorylation on Thr389 and QM7 protein synthesis. In conclusion, amino acids regulate S6K1 phosphorylation and activity in QM7 cells through the mTOR/PI3-kinase pathway in an insulin-independent manner., (Copyright 2003 Federation of European Biochemical Societies)

Published
2003
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4. A chicken leptin-specific radioimmunoassay.

Author

Dridi S, Williams J, Bruggeman V, Onagbesan M, Raver N, Decuypere E, Djiane J, Gertler A, and Taouis M

Subjects
Animals, Chromatography, Gel veterinary, Chromatography, Ion Exchange veterinary, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel veterinary, Female, Immunization veterinary, Iodine Radioisotopes, Linear Models, Male, Nutritional Status, Radioimmunoassay methods, Recombinant Proteins chemistry, Regression Analysis, Scintillation Counting veterinary, Sensitivity and Specificity, Chickens physiology, Leptin analysis, Radioimmunoassay veterinary
Abstract

Recombinant chicken leptin was used to produce an antiserum in order to develop a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for chicken leptin in plasma and serum. We have used either murine or chicken leptin as tracer and competition curves were performed using recombinant chicken leptin. Variations in leptin plasma levels in different chicken strains and various nutritional states were correlated with the physiological status. Leptin plasma concentrations were regulated by the nutritional state with higher levels in the fed state as compared to the fasted state (3.36 +/- 0. 13 versus 2.78 +/- 0.11 ng/ml) and being dependent upon the age. Higher leptin levels were found in 22 week-old as compared to 15 week-old layer chickens (2.709 +/- 0.172 versus 1.478 +/- 0.102 ng/ml). We have also shown that the multispecies leptin RIA kit (LINCO Inc.) underestimated leptinemia compared to the chicken leptin- specific RIA reported here. In conclusion the RIA developed in the present study is specific to the chicken and thus may be considered as powerful tool for investigating the physiological significance of leptin in chickens.

Published
2000
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