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This specific paper explores how the in-space 'Electric Propulsion Systems' can turn out to be one of the most promising futuristic spacecraft propulsion technologies, possessing unique advantages over the chemical and other propulsion technologies. The propulsion systems for in-space spacecrafts and aircrafts are different, although sharing certain similarities, and the strategic and systematic approach of exploring the possibilities from the lower atmospheric to the upper atmospheric level is given a good emphasis here, which although is also brief. Moreover, a brief comparison is done between the conventional propulsion systems and the Electrical propulsion systems in general with regard to the specific Impulse and the Thrust generated. In addition, the different variability conditions in the terrestrial atmosphere is discussed in brief in order to account for the various challenges for the in-space electrical propulsion systems and to look for novel and innovative solutions to these challenges. The different types of applications of Electrical propulsion systems and the various thrusters in the current scenario are also mentioned. The main focus is on the feasibility of the Electric Propulsion systems for the low-altitude earth orbiting satellites which are mostly used for earth observation, land, water resources mappings, climate warning systems, earth science etc. at the present moment and thereby strategically going ahead into the electric propulsion systems and their pivotal role in the upper atmosphere of the earth. Although, the Various other applications of the In-Space Electric Propulsion Systems like the Medium Altitude Earth Orbiting satellites mainly used for Navigational purposes, Geostationary satellites used for Telecommunications etc, the Space Transportation-Launcher kick stages, Space Science-Interplanetary Space Exploration etc are beyond the scope of this particular paper, nevertheless these exciting aspects will be explored consecutively. Nevertheless, the various advantages like the reduction of weight of the satellite, Decrease in the launch cost, increase in the lifetime, efficiency and functionality of the satellite, reduction of the quantity of the space debris, the usage of the non-toxic green propellant etc will also be discussed consecutively and are presently beyond the scope of this paper.

This particular paper is all about the introductory details of the theoretical and technical structure of the South American GPS Augmented Navigation System-Space Weather Integrated Monitoring and Surveillance Systems(SAGANS-SWIMS) which will undoubtedly be the most robust navigation, communication, surveillance and weather monitoring systems in the entire continent of Latin America, which will cater to the diversified requirements of people in various sectors such as agriculture, Science, engineering and technology, communication, navigation, education, militaries and defense systems, governmental policies regarding the best utilization of natural resources.

This specific paper addresses the historical events that had led in the current scenario, to the development of one of the most important fundamental research areas-Geomagnetism, which might even date back to probably millions of years embedded in the core scientific aspects of even ancient civilizations. The solar wind and its associated magnetic field have their source in the Sun and their interaction with the geo-magnetic field which extends into outer space has its origin inside the earth's core. Needless to say, the contributions of many scientific researchers on the dynamics of upper, middle and lower atmospheres of the earth is really outstanding and remarkable, but certain important aspects appear to have been missed. Hence, the Sun-Earth Connectivity is of utmost importance to Space-weather researchers. Moreover, the Sun-earth connectivity through the geomagnetic storm is a process which is still less understood. Space-weather researchers face huge challenges as the geomagnetic storms turn out to be more dangerous and disastrous at times and hence, the aftermath consequences are seen clearly on the ground level and space based technological systems. A gradual understanding of the root level causes can lead to solutions with certain good accuracies which in turn can be helpful in sorting out the various space based and ground based technological challenges. The Real-Time Disturbance Storm time index measured for the month of january 2018 is shown below. The decrease in the earth's magnetic field is clearly shown. Figure 1 : Disturbance storm time index and the variations recorded in the earth's magnetic field in nano-Tesla (nT) for the month of January 2018. (Courtesy : World Data Centre for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, Japan)

International audience; This specific paper addresses the historical events that had led in the current scenario, to the development of one of the most important fundamental research areas – Geomagnetism, which might even date back to probably millions of years embedded in the core scientific aspects of even ancient civilizations. On the other hand, the energetic charged particle flux namely the solar wind and its associated magnetic field have their source in the Sun and their interaction with the geo-magnetic field which extends into outer space has its origin inside the earth’s core. Needless to say, the contributions of many scientific researchers on the dynamics of upper, middle and lower atmospheres of the earth is indeed remarkable, but certain important aspects require more attention. Hence, the Sun-Earth Connectivity is of utmost importance to Space-weather researchers. Moreover, the Sun-earth connectivity through the geomagnetic storm is a process which is still less understood. Space-weather researchers face huge challenges as the geomagnetic storms turn out to be more dangerous and disastrous at times and hence, the consequences are seen clearly on the ground level and on the space based technological systems. A gradual understanding of the root level causes can lead to solutions with possibly good accuracies which in turn can be helpful in sorting out the various space based and ground based technological anamolies and challenges. The Real-Time Disturbance Storm time index measured for the month of january 2018 is shown below. The decrease in the earth’s magnetic field is clearly shown.