IN-SPACE ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEMS -THE FUTURE OF SPACECRAFT PROPULSION TECHNOLOGIES

This specific paper explores how the in-space 'Electric Propulsion Systems' can turn out to be one of the most promising futuristic spacecraft propulsion technologies, possessing unique advantages over the chemical and other propulsion technologies. The propulsion systems for in-space spacecrafts and aircrafts are different, although sharing certain similarities, and the strategic and systematic approach of exploring the possibilities from the lower atmospheric to the upper atmospheric level is given a good emphasis here, which although is also brief. Moreover, a brief comparison is done between the conventional propulsion systems and the Electrical propulsion systems in general with regard to the specific Impulse and the Thrust generated. In addition, the different variability conditions in the terrestrial atmosphere is discussed in brief in order to account for the various challenges for the in-space electrical propulsion systems and to look for novel and innovative solutions to these challenges. The different types of applications of Electrical propulsion systems and the various thrusters in the current scenario are also mentioned. The main focus is on the feasibility of the Electric Propulsion systems for the low-altitude earth orbiting satellites which are mostly used for earth observation, land, water resources mappings, climate warning systems, earth science etc. at the present moment and thereby strategically going ahead into the electric propulsion systems and their pivotal role in the upper atmosphere of the earth. Although, the Various other applications of the In-Space Electric Propulsion Systems like the Medium Altitude Earth Orbiting satellites mainly used for Navigational purposes, Geostationary satellites used for Telecommunications etc, the Space Transportation-Launcher kick stages, Space Science-Interplanetary Space Exploration etc are beyond the scope of this particular paper, nevertheless these exciting aspects will be explored consecutively. Nevertheless, the various advantages like the reduction of weight of the satellite, Decrease in the launch cost, increase in the lifetime, efficiency and functionality of the satellite, reduction of the quantity of the space debris, the usage of the non-toxic green propellant etc will also be discussed consecutively and are presently beyond the scope of this paper.