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This revision is based on the study of some 8,000 specimens (3,789 males, 2,521 females, 77 pupae, 1,616 larvae). Included among these are 3,115 adults with correlated pupal and/or larval skins (1,314 p, 1,801 lp) associated through individual field rearings. Altogether 58 species are recognized and of these, 9 are new; 49 are revalidated and redescribed. The new species include: alorensis from Alor, Indonesia; paraculeatus from Sabah, Malaysia and the Philippines; aestivus from Sarawak, Malaysia; gracicornis and pairoji from Peninsular Malaysia (Malaya) and Thailand; impostor from Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia; wardi and lasiopalpis from Sri Lanka and hirtipalpis from Thailand. Keys to all available stages and illustrations of every species are provided. The taxonomic treatment includes a revised morphological characterization of the subgenus, followed by a review of distribution, taxonomic discussion, scheme of internal classification, bionomics and medical importance. The groups, subgroups and complexes, as adopted and currently developed here, are defined and characterized. The descriptions of 49 species are based on all stages (female, male, pupa and fourth instar larva) and those of 9 other species are based only on the males and presumptive female of one species. New synonyms proposed include: pachecoi Baisas (=quadripalpis (Edwards)); fiscosiphonis Bram and Rattanarithikul (=demissus Colless); hui Lien (=spiculosus Bram and Rattanarithikul): plantaginis Barraud (=minor (Leicester)) and uniformis mercedesae Baisas (=kuhnsi King and Hoogstraal). Culex bicornutus(Theobald) is resurrected from the synonymy with minor (Leicester); barkerii(Theobald), bernardi(Borel) and mindanaoensis Baisas are reduced to nomina dubia., Published in Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, v13 n4 p1-245, 1977.

Aedes (Stegomyia) hoogstraali Knight and Rozeboom and Ae. (Stg.) impatibilis (Walker) are 2 distinct species. Characters for separating impatibilis from hoogstraali are given. Male terminalia, female, female terminalia and pupa of impatibilis and female terminalia of hoogstraali are described and illustrated. The range of Ae. impatibilis is extended to include the Philippines. This paper has been prepared to clarify the identity of 2 species in the albolineatus group of species in the subgenus Stegomyia Theobald, genus Aedes Meigen., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v10 n2, p197-210, 1978

In 1979, the Mosquito Information Management Project (MIMP) was initiated to develop a computer-based system for storing and retrieving systematic, ecologic and distributional data on mosquitoes. The data base is being compiled from collection records accompanying approximately one million mosquito specimens in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. To date, 15,500 collection forms pertaining to about 402,000 specimens have been entered into the computer. Using the set of programs SELf-GEnerating Master (SELGEM), any combination of data recorded on the forms can be extracted and associated and then transmitted to the user in the form of a report. The MIMP has acquired several mapping programs that permit computer generation of species distribution maps for any region of the world. This project is directed at supporting systematic research and providing easily accessible ecologic and distributional information to public health organizations and other scientific agencies concerned with vector species of mosquitoes., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v16 n4 p289-307, 1984.

To resolve problems of identity and synonymy of Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus Dyar and Knab 1907, epanastasis Dyar 1922, crybda Dyar 1924, opisthopus Komp 1926 and pseudotaeniopus Galindo and Blanton 1954, a detailed study and comparison of the types and other identified specimens at the U. S. National Museum, and a critical review of the original and subsequent descriptions have been made. As a result of this study, the following actions are taken to stabilize the nomenclature: (1) synonymy of opisthopus with taeniopus, (2) synonymy of pseudotaeniopus with epanastasis, (3) resurrection of crybda from the synonymy of epanastasis and (4) recognition and description of pedroi n. sp. for the Panamanian population previously called taeniopus Dyar and Knab by Galindo (1969). A summary of important diagnostic features of the adults and male genitalia of the above species are presented in provisional keys. All stages of pedroi are described and illustrated and its distribution and bionomics are summarized., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v12 n1, p7-24, 1980. Sponsered in part by U.S. Public Health Service Research grant no. AI-04379.

This revision of the subgenus Pseudoficalbia Theobald, genus Uranotaenia Lynch Arribalzaga of Southeast Asia deals with 42 species. The taxonomic treatment of the subgenus includes a revised morphological description, followed by a review of the distribution, taxonomic discussion, internal classification and bionomics. Treatment of individual species follows essentially the same format. A new internal classification with separate discussions and descriptions of 5 groups is presented. The 5 groups, with world mosquito faunal regions as defined by Belkin (1962), are as follows: harrisoni series (Indomalayan), bicolor series (Ethiopian, Indomalayan, Malagasy, North Australian, Oriental, Papuan and South Pacific), bimaculata series (Indomalayan, Oriental and Palaearctic), maxima series (Indomalayan, Nearctic, Oriental and Palaearctic), recondita series (Indomalayan, North Australian, Oriental and Papuan). Where known, extralimital species are assigned to the groups defined for Southeast Asia. Of the 42 species treated, 13 are described as new and 29 are revalidated and redescribed. The 13 new species are: abdita (Cambodia and Thailand), abstrusa (Philippines), albipes (Thailand), approximata (Thailand), confusa (Philippines and Sulawesi, Indonesia), enigmatica (Thailand), harrisoni (Mindoro Island, Philippines and Sabah, Malaysia), moufiedi (Sabah, Malaysia), nocticola (Thailand), patriciae (Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand), propinqua (Malaysia), quasimodesta (Sabah, Malaysia) and reinerti (Sabah, Malaysia). Seventy-six full-page plates of illustrations are provided of the following: adult habitus parts (16 species), pupa (35 species), larva (37 species) and male terminalia (40 species). A majority of these are presented here for the first time. Keys to the adults, pupae and fourth stage larvae of Southeast Asian species are provided. New synonyms proposed here are: kalabahensis Haga and lagunensis Baisas (=bicolor Leicester)., Published in Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, v14 n3 p1-273, 1977.

The edwardsi group and the w-albus group of the subgenus Stegomyia Theobald, genus Aedes Meigen, are characterized. The diagnostic characters for distinguishing these groups from other Stegomyia are given. Keys to the identification of the species are provided. Information on the present status of the edwardsi group of species and the w-albus group of species are summarized in appendices A and B. The w-albus group is divided further into new subgroups. Four subgroups (annandalei, desmotes, mediopunctatus and w-albus) are recognized and defined, and their relationships are discussed. Aedes horishensis Yamada is regarded as a variety of annandalei Theobald, perplexus Leicester is elevated to specific status, submediopunctatus Barraud, sureilensis Barraud and mediopunctatus var. perplexus Knight and Hull are shown to be synonyms of mediopunctatus Theobald, minutissima Theobald and indosinensis Borel are recognized as synonyms of imitator Leicester and imitator Leicester is treated as a subspecies of gardnerii Ludlow. All the known stages of the 11 Southeast Asian species and subspecies, 2 of which species are in the edwardsi group and 9 species and subspecies in the w-albus group, are redescribed and illustrated. Information on type-data, distribution, biology and a taxonomic discussion of all 11 species and subspecies are presented. The female and larva of craggi, the pupae of 3 species (craggi, mediopunctatus and gardnerii), and the female terminalia of 8 species (edwardsi, annandalei, craggi, desmotes, mediopunctatus, perplexus, gardnerii and w-albus) are described and illustrated for the first time. The female terminalia of gardnerii imitator are described for the first time. New records of 4 species and subspecies are: craggi from Thailand, g. gardnerii from Sabah, w-albus from Thailand and Vietnam, and gardnerii imitator from Hong Kong and Cambodia., Published in Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, v14 n1 p1-132, 1977.

This revision of the genus Culex, subgenus Culex of the Oriental region is based largely on the study of material from Southeast Asia and adjacent areas. More than 28,000 specimens [9,053 male, 13,075 female, 6,087 whole larvae (L)] have been examined. These included 6,105 adults with correlated pupal and/or larval skins (2,071 p, 4,034 lp) associated through individual rearings. Forty-two species are recognized and of these, 5 are new; 37 are revalidated and redescribed. The 5 new species are: luzonensis from the Philippines, selangorensis from Peninsular Malaysia, longicornis from Thailand, kinabaluensis from Sabah, Malaysia and philippinensis from the Philippines. The descriptions of 37 species are based on all stages (female, male, pupa and fourth instar larva) and those of the other 5 species: longicornis, epidesmus, diengensis, propinquus and orientalis are based only on the adults and/or associated pupae and larvae. Keys to all available stages and illustrations of every species are provided. The taxonomic treatment of the subgenus includes a revised morphological description, followed by a review of the distribution, taxonomic discussion, internal classification, bionomics and medical importance and the descriptions of individual species follow essentially the same format. The various groups, subgroups and complexes are briefly defined and characterized. New synonyms proposed here are: neolitoralis Bram (= alis Theobald); annulus Theobald (= vishnui Theobald); neovishnui Lien (= pseudovishnui Colless); fuscifurcatus Edwards and kangi Lien (= jacksoni Edwards); neomimulus Lien (= mimulus Edwards) and afridii Qutubuddin (= infula Theobald). Two previous nominal forms are resurrected from synonymy: edwardsi Barraud from barraudi Edwards and infula Theobald from bitaeniorhynchus Giles., Published in Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, v12 n2 p1-272, 1976.

This revision is based on the study of some 8,000 specimens (3,789 males, 2, 521 females, 77 pupae, 1,616 larvae). Included among these are 3,115 adults with correlated pupal and/or larval skins (1,314 p, 1,801 lp) associated through individual field rearings. Altogether 58 species are recognized and of these, 9 are new; 49 are revalidated and redescribed. The new species include: alorensis from Alor, Indonesia; paraculeatus from Sabah, Malaysia and the Philippines; aestivus from Sarawak, Malaysia; gracicornis and pairoji from Peninsular Malaysia (Malaya) and Thailand; impostor from Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia; wardi and lasiopalpis from Sri Lanka and hirtipalpis from Thailand. Keys to all available stages and illustrations of every species are provided. The taxonomic treatment includes a revised morphological characterization of the subgenus, followed by a review of distribution, taxonomic discussion, scheme of internal classification, bionomics and medical importance. The groups, subgroups and complexes, as adopted and currently developed here, are defined and characterized. The descriptions of 49 species are based on all stages (female, male, pupa and fourth instar larva) and those of 9 other species are based only on the males and presumptive female of one species. New synonyms proposed include: pachecoi Baisas (=quadripalpis (Edwards)); fuscosiphonis Bram and Rattanarithikul (=demissus Colless); hui Lien (=spiculosus Bram and Rattanarithikul): plantaginis Barraud (=minor(Leicester)) and uniformis mercedesae Baisas (=kuhnsi King and Hoogstraal). Culex bicornutus(Theobald) is resurrected from the synonymy with minor (Leicester); barkerii(Theobald), bernardi(Borel) and mindanaoensis Baisas are reduced to nomina dubia., Published in Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, v13 n4 p1-245, 1977.

The concept of the Culex vishnui complex in Southeast Asia is reviewed with a primary objective to clarify the definition of the group with respect to its species composition on the basis of the morphology of all stages. With this revised interpretation, it should be better to recognize this complex as a subgroup of the Sitiens Group and to subdivide this subgroup into 3 complexes as follows: (1) vishnui complex (sensu stricto) with vishnui (including annulus form in Southeast Asia), pseudovishnui (including neovishnui form), perplexus, alienus and incognitus; (2) tritaeniorhynchus complex with tritaeniorhynchus and its infraspecific form summorosus and (3) whitei complex with whitei and probably one other infraspecific form. A summary of the diagnostic characters of vishnui, pseudovishnui and tritaeniorhynchus and a brief discussion of their current status is provided., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v7 n1 p69-86, 1975.

A list of the mosquitoes of Polynesia is tabulated and their distribution outlined. Keys for the identification of adults and Larvae of Polynesian species are provided., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v9 n3 p289-322, 1977. Sponsored in part by the Office of the Surgeon General, Washington, DC.

Additional descriptions or notes of the adults and the hitherto unknown pupae and larvae of Culex (Eumelanomyia) malayensis Sirivanakarn 1972, simplicicornis Edwards 1930 and selai Klein and Sirivanakarn 1969 from Peninsular Malaysia are presented. Culex jefferyi, a new species closely related to malayensis is recognized. Taxonomic discussions summarizing the diagnostic features and the records of distribution and bionomics of every species are given., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v9 n1 p73-87, 1977.

Based on an analysis of the original and subsequent descriptions of Culex (Melanoconion) portesi Senevet & Abonnenc, 1941 and Cx.(Mel.) cayennensis Floch & Abonnenc, 1945, study of topotypic material and reexamination of male paratypes of cayennensis, the following actions are taken to stabilize the nomenclature: (1) synonymy of cayennensis with portesi, and (2) description of all known stages of ported The taxonomic references, including current synonymy are given. The male genitalia and hitherto unknown pupa and larva from Cayenne (type-locality), French Guiana, are illustrated. Literature on bionomics and medical importance is summarized., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v13 n2 p153-167, 1981.

The adults of both sexes, pupa and 4th stage larva of Culex (Melanoconion) adamesi, a new species from Panama are described and illustrated. Its affinity with pedroi Sirivanakarn and Belkin 1980, crybda Dyar 1924 and epanastasis Dyar 1921, as interpreted by Sirivanakarn and Belkin (1980) is discussed. The distribution, bionomics and medical importance are summarized., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v12 n1 p25-34, 1980.

Aedes meronephada (Dyar and Shannon) is removed from the subgenus Stegomyia Theobald and transferred to the subgenus Diceromyia Theobald on the basis of a critical study of all know stages. Both sexes, larva and pupa of this species are redescribed, illustrated and its affinity is discussed. Some morphological characteristics of adults and larvae of the subgenera Diceromyia and Stegomyia of Aedes of the Oriental region are tabulated., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v10 n3 p334-350, 1978.

A pictorial key was developed as a training aid for the identification of the adults of 15 species of mosquitoes involved in the transmission of yellow fever virus in Africa. Included are 14 species of Aedes (subgenera Aedimorphus, Diceromyia and Stegomyia) and one species of Eretmapodites. Introductory figures display the taxonomic features used in the key., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v13 n2 p138-149, 1981.

Both sexes, larva and pupa of Aedes (Stegomyia) pseudoscutelllaris (Theobald) from Suva, Viti Levu Island, Fiji Islands are redescribed and illustrated. Notes on Aedes (Stegomyia) polynesiensis Marks from the same location are included. Characters for separating polynesiensis from pseudoscutellaris are given. The taxonomic status of polynesiensis is discussed. Special attention is drawn to determine which of these species is the main vector of subperiodic filariasis in the Viti Levu Island of the Fiji group. Recently, 2 closely related species of the Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris group were received from the Fiji Islands. One was Aedes (Stegomyia) pseudoscutellaris (Theobald) and the other was Aedes (Stegomyia) polynesiensis Marks. Both species were collected as females biting man and as males resting, landing, and swarming in the Suva area, Viti Levu Island, Fiji Islands, which is the type locality of pseudoscutellaris. Unfortunately, they are extremely similar and very difficult to separate. The recent report by Rakai et ale (1970) on biting times of polynesiensis and pseudoscutellaris on Viti Levu, the main island in Fiji, indicated that both species were primarily day-time biters and the numbers of the 2 species caught were 827 for polynesiensis and 1,840 for pseudoscutellaris. However, no investigation on the transmission of filariasis was made to determine the relative importance of the 2 species as vectors of Wuchereria bancrofti on Viti Levu Island., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v7 n1 p87-101, 1975.

Culex (Melanoconion) invocator Pazos, originally described from Cuba, is resurrected from the synonymy of Cx. (Mel.) erraticus (Dyar and Knab). The adult male (including the genitalia) and presumptive female of this species are described. The characteristic male genitalia of invocator and erraticus are illustrated for comparison., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v10 n2 p239-245, 1978.

All known stages of Culex (Eumelanomyia) mohani new species from the Nilgiri Hills, Madras, India and the hitherto unknown pupae and larvae of Cx. pluvialie Barraud from Sri Lanka and Cx. iphis Barraud from India are described and illustrated., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v9 n4 p537-547, 1977.

All known stages of Culex bahri Edwards, viridiventer Giles, shebbearei Barraud and javanensis Bonne-Wepster are redescribed and their diagnostic features illustrated. A new species, C. harrisoni, from Thailand is recognized., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v9 n2 p93-111, 1977.

Culex (Melanoconion) penai, a new species from Bolivia and Ecuador is recognized. The adult male, the only known stage of this species, is described and the male genitalia are illustrated. In a recent study of the Culex (Melanoconion) material from the very extensive collection for the project "Mosquitoes of Middle America," initiated in 1963 by John N. Belkin and his colleagues at the Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, a number of adult males were found with genitalia strikingly different from all other known members of the subgenus. This material consists of 1 male (BOL 47) collected by Torres Munioz in Bolivia in 1944 and 6 males (ECU8, ECU9) collected by Luis E. Pena G. in Ecuador in 1965. Sandra J. Heinemann, who curated the collection, had provisionally identified these specimens as Culex (Mel.) sp. 25. Subsequent study of the associated genitalia slides by the author at the Medical Entomology Project has finally led to the conclusion that this material represents a distinct new species. I take pleasure in dedicating this new species to the eminent Chilean entomologist, Luis E. Pena G., whose collection from Ecuador yielded numerous specimens for future taxonomic work on Neotropical mosquitoes., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v11 n2, p135-138, 1979.

Culex (Melanoconion) lopesi, a new species from Municipio Iguape, Estado Sao Paulo, southern Brazil is recognized. The adult male, the only known stage of this species, is described and its genitalia are illustrated., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v11 n2, p139-143, 1979.

The adult male and female of Aedes (Stegomyia) calceatus Edwards are redescribed and illustrated from Edwards' holotype and the existing paratypes in the British Museum (Natural History) and the United States National Museum. A new species, Aedes (Stegomyia) ledgeri, is described and illustrated. Diagnostic characters for separating ledgers from closely allied species are given. The distributions (based on examined specimens) of ledgeri and calceatus are presented., Pub. in Mosquito Systematics, v13 n1, p92-113, 1981.

To promote nomenclatural stability concerning the interpretation and use of the name Culex quinquefasciatus Say for the southern (tropical) house mosquito, a neotype male is here designated. It was chosen from a series of specimens reared from an egg raft, collected in 1969 at New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Description and illustrations of the quinquefasciatus male, female and associated pupa and larva are provided. Under the Law of Priority, the name quinquefasciatus Say 1823 takes precedence over all accepted junior synonyms, notably fatigans Wiedemann 1828., Pub. in the Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, v80 n3 p360-372, 1978.

This revision of the Aedes scutellaris group of Tonga is based on the examination of more than 9,000 specimens (including 1,866 individual rearings with associated pupal and/or larval skins) of 3 species and one subspecies. The group is defined and keys to the identification of the species of the group in the Fiji-Tonga-Samoa area are provided and their geographical ranges presented. Aedes (Stegomyia) kesseli, a new species from Tafahi Island, is recognized. Aedes cooki Belkin (1962) is shown to be distinct and Ae. tabu Ramalingam and Belkin (1965) is considered a subspecies of tongae Edwards(1926). The known stages of the 3 species and one subspecies in Tonga are described or redescribed and illustrated and information on type-data, distribution, bionomics, medical importance and a taxonomic discussion of all 4 species and subspecies are presented. The male, female, pupa and larva of kesseli n. sp. , the pupa and larva of tongae tongae, and the male, female and female terminalia of cooki, tongae tabu and tongae tongae are described and illustrated for the first time. New records include: cooki from Niuafo'ou Island and Vava'u Group, kesseli from Tafahi Island and Niuatoputapu, tongue tabu from Pangaimotu Island, in Tongatapu Group, and tongae tongue from Lifuka Island, Luahoko Island, Ha'ano Island, Foa Island, Limu Island, Luangahu Island, Nukunamo Island, Tatafa Island, Tofanga Island, Uanukuhahake Island, Uanukuhihifo Island, Uiha Island, and Uoleva Island, in the Ha'apai Group. Information is presented on the bionomics and medical importance of the above species and subspecies based on field studies conducted by James C. Hitchcock in Tonga from 1968-73. Special emphasis is placed upon immature habitats, relative abundance of each member of the group, composition of associated invertebrate fauna, biting behavior, fecundity and gonotropic cycle. The role of the scutellaris group in the transmission of filariasis and dengue viruses in Tonga is discussed., Published in Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, v17 n3 p1-107, 1980.

Both sexes, larva and pupa of Aedes (Stegomyia) krombeini, n. sp., from Sri Lanka are described and illustrated. Characters for separating the new species from closely allied ones are given., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v7 n4 p345-356, 1975. Sponsored in part by the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Anterior-posterior and bilateral gynanders of Aedes (Stegomyia) craggi (Barraud) were encountered in a sibling series of this species. The occurrence of two types of gynandromorphism within such a series of mosquitoes has not been previously reported. Reports of mosquito gynandromorphs subsequent to, or not included in the tabulation of Brust (1966) are summarized., Published in Mosquito News, v34 n4 p428-430, December 1974.

Aedes (Stegomyia) seampi n. sp. from the Andaman Islands is described and illustrated., Published in Mosquito Systematics, v6 n2 p137-141, June 1974.

Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) srilankensis n. sp. from Sri Lanka is described, illustrated and compared with recondita Edwards and mattinglyi Qutubuddin., Sponsored in part by the Smithsonian Institution Grant nos. SFG-0-2859 and SFG-0-6955. Published in Mosquito Systematics, v6 n3 p222-227, 1974.