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Viburnum opulus L.with the common name Gilaburu belong to the family of Caprifoliaceae. This plants is widely grownparticularly in Kayseri region in Turkey. Gilaburu fruits are traditionally used in the treatment of kidney problems and kidneystones. Additionally, it has sedative effects, acts as a vasodilator and an effective antispasmodic that helps to relieve musclecramps and spasms (1). Fresh and fermented Gilaburu fruits were extracted with methanol (40 C) in a ultrasonic bath(Heidolph, America) for 1 hours. Filtered extracts were evaporated and dissolved with methanol for antioxidant activity. Theextracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to identify andquantify their phenolic compounds. Antioxidant potential of the methanol extracts of fresh and fermented Gilaburu fruits werecharacterized with total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), andABTS [2,20 -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)]. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid,caffeic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were detected in different amounts in the allextracts. Fermentation process positively influenced total phenolic and total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavengingactivity, ABTS+activity

Asphodelus aestivus L. with the common name Ciris is a plant from Xanthorrhoeaceae family. The plant is popular folkmedicines used for treatment of hemorrhoids, rheumatism, menstrual, diuretic, ringworm, milk enhancer, eczema, acneand boilsin [1-2]. Asphodelus aestivus L. was extracted with methanol (40 C) in a ultrasonic bath (Heidolph, America)for 1 hours. Filtered extract was evaporated and dissolved with methanol for antioxidant activity. The extract was analyzedby high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to identify and quantify theirphenolic compounds. Antioxidant potential of the methanol extract was characterized with total phenolic content (TPC),total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ABTS [2,20 -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)]. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanilicacid, rutin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were detected in the extract. As a result,Asphodelus aestivus L., a rich source of phenolic compounds,&nbsp

Recently, the design and synthesis of bioactive compounds in the field of chemistry have created important applications and gains in medicine and pharmaceutical industries. Sulfur-containing dithiocarbonimidates or dithioimidocarbonates, which have an important place among organic molecules, show pharmacological activities. These compounds are a class of stable compounds that play an important role in S-containing molecules. Organic dithiocarbonimidates or dithioimidocarbonates are widely used in agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, intermediates in organic synthesis, radical precursors in free radical chemistry and photochemistry, catalysis and polymerization reactions in sulfur vulcanization of rubber. Moreover, carbamate derivatives or dithioimidocarbonates require investigation of medicinal and biological properties (antibacterial, anthelminic, fungicidal, herbicidal, growth-reducing). In view of these important properties, we decided to extend our investigations related to preparing new heterocycles, which include the pyrimidine ring in their structure. In this study, we reported the synthesis of new pyrimidine-dithiocarbamates from reactions of compounds 3 and Propargyl bromide in presence of CS2. Antioxidant capacities of compounds synthesized within the scope of antioxidant experiments were determined spectrophotometrically using DPPH• and ABTS• methods and Gaussian, Autudock Vina etc. The potential to become a drug was also investigated with the programs. The structures of all new synthesized heterocyclic compounds are confirmed by spectroscopic and elemental analyses.

© 2021 Entomological Society of Turkey. All rights reserved.The planthopper, Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae), is an important agricultural pest of grapevine, kiwifruit and tea in Asia and in some countries of Eastern Europe. The efficacy of the crude extracts of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. (Solanales: Convolvulaceae) and Lupinus albus L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) plants was evaluated under laboratory conditions for control of O. japonica nymphs and adults collected in 2019 from Rize (Turkey). Their toxic efficacies were investigated by two different methods. Fixed-dose death rates were used for LT50calculation and dosage test results were used for LC50 calculation. Also, the phenolic constituents of active plant extracts were examined using HPLC-DAD. Generally, the LT50values obtained using ethyl acetate extracts were lower than those with methanol extracts. LT50values of adults were found lower than in nymphs. The test plants crude extracts had high activity at and below 2 g/L (LC90) for two different plants. HPLC-DAD results showed that the high concentration of kaempferol and quercetin for each extract. Extracts of both plants gave promising results for use in O. japonica control, but more detailed studies on the active constituents of these candidate plants need to be undertaken.

Yalancı kelebek, Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae), Asya'da ve bazı Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinde üzüm, çay ve kivide önemli bir tarımsal zararlıdır. 2019 yılında Rize (Türkiye)’den toplanan O. japonica nimfleri ve erginlerinin kontrolüne karşı Cuscuta campestris Yunck. (Solanales: Convolvulaceae) ve Lupinus albus L. (Fabales: Fabaceae)’un ham özütlerinin laboratuvar koşullarında etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Bunların toksik etkileri iki farklı yöntemle araştırılmıştır. Sabit doz ölüm oranları LT50 ve dozaj test sonuçları LC50 hesaplamaları için kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca aktif bitki özütlerinin fenolik bileşenleri HPLC-DAD kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Genellikle, etil asetat özütleri kullanılırken elde edilen LT50 değerleri, metil alkol özütlerinden düşük olmuştur. Erginlerin LT50 değerleri nimflere göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Deneme bitkilerinin ham özütleri, iki farklı bitki için 2 g/L (LC90) civarında ve altında yüksek aktivite göstermiştir. HPLC-DAD sonuçları, her bir özüt için yüksek kaempferol ve quercetin konsantrasyonunu göstermiştir. Her iki bitkinin özütleri, O. japonica'nın kontrolünde kullanımı için umut vericidir, ancak bu aday bitkilerin aktif bileşenleri üzerinde daha ayrıntılı çalışmaların yapılması gerekmektedir., The planthopper, Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae), is an important agricultural pest of grapevine, kiwifruit and tea in Asia and in some countries of Eastern Europe. The efficacy of the crude extracts of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. (Solanales: Convolvulaceae) and Lupinus albus L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) plants was evaluated under laboratory conditions for control of O. japonica nymphs and adults collected in 2019 from Rize (Turkey). Their toxic efficacies were investigated by two different methods. Fixed-dose death rates were used for LT50 calculation and dosage test results were used for LC50 calculation. Also, the phenolic constituents of active plant extracts were examined using HPLC-DAD. Generally, the LT50 values obtained using ethyl acetate extracts were lower than those with methanol extracts. LT50 values of adults were found lower than in nymphs. The test plants crude extracts had high activity at and below 2 g/L (LC90) for two different plants. HPLC-DAD results showed that the high concentration of kaempferol and quercetin for each extract. Extracts of both plants gave promising results for use in O. japonica control, but more detailed studies on the active constituents of these candidate plants need to be undertaken.

In this study, amounts of chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), gallium (Ga), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), aluminium (Al), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn), are indicated in cow's milk provided from sixteen different villages (Aykut, Helvacı, Erikli, Düzköy, Akçakale, Demirkapı, Acısu, Yaylacık, Çiçeklidüz, Esentepe, Arpacılı, Işıklar, Adacık, Osmanbaba, Yeşiltepe, Mersin) in Akçaabat district of Trabzon. The study was done in two different terms of year. The first term is the winter season (November, December and, January named as Term I), during which animals are fed with dry fodder in the barn. The second term is the summer season (June, July, and August named as Term II), during which animals are fed with fresh feed. A total of 256 samples are analysed. Levels of metals in the samples are specified with the ICP-MS method. It is found that the amounts of gallium, lead, and aluminium in cow’s milk in winter and summer season are close to each other while the amounts of chrome, cobalt, zinc, nickel, copper, iron, and cadmium are a bit more in the winter season. The amounts of metal in the analysed kinds of milk are found between or under the specified rates given in literature except for nickel in milk from all villages, silver in four villages, and lead in one village. The amounts of mineral matter in milk in all villages are found under the rates given in the literature.

Çalışmamızın amacı, Salvia verticillata L., S. tomentosa Mill. ve Phlomis lychnitis L.'nin metanol ve etil asetat ekstraklarının toplam fenolik, toplam flavonoid ve antioksidan özelliklerini araştırmaktır. Ekstraktların antioksidan potansiyelleri DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) serbest radikal temizleme etkinliği kullanılarak belirlendi. Toplam fenolik içerik (TPC) ve toplam flavonoid içerik (TFC) spektrofotometrik yöntem kullanılarak değerlendirildi. S. verticillata’nın metanol ekstraktı, TPC ve TFC’de en yüksektir. Aynı ekstrakt, 0.01 ± 0.00 mg / mL SC50 değeri ile en iyi antioksidan aktivite ortaya koydu. Ayrıca DPPH ve TFC (r = 0.904; p, In this study, we investigated total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant properties of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Salvia vertisillate L., Salvia tomentosa, and Phlomis lychnitis L. Antioxidant potentials of the extracts were determined by (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were evaluated by spectrophotometric method. Methanol extract of Salvia vertisillate was found to be the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content. The same extract revealed the most significant antioxidant effect with SC50 value of 0.01±0.mg/mL. Strong positive correlations were also found between DPPH and total flavonoid content (R=0.904; p

Bu araştırmada 2017 yılında Gümüşhane ili Kelkit ilçesinde organik ve konvansiyonel silajlık mısır üretim maliyetini hesaplamak amaçlanmıştır. Konvansiyonel silajlık mısır üretimi yapan 43 ve organik silajlık mısır üretimi yapan 17 tarım işletmesine uygulanan anketlerden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. 1 kg silajlık mısırın maliyeti konvansiyonel ve organik üretim yapan işletmelerde sırasıyla 0,086 ₺/kg ve 0,072 ₺/kg olarak hesaplanmıştır. Devlet desteği çıkarıldıktan sonra 1 kg silajlık mısırın maliyeti konvansiyonel ve organik üretim yapan işletmelerde sırasıyla 0,061 ₺/kg ve 0,035 ₺/kg olarak bulunmuştur. Konvansiyonel ve organik silajlık mısır ortalama satış fiyatı sırasıyla 0,150 ₺/kg ve 0,165 ₺/kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama net kar konvansiyonel ve organik üretim yapan işletmelerde sırasıyla 307,23 ₺/da ve 362,85 ₺/da olarak hesaplanmıştır. Devlet desteği çıkarıldıktan sonra ortalama net kar konvansiyonel ve organik üretim yapan işletmelerde sırasıyla 426,08 ₺/da ve 509,74 ₺/da olarak bulunmuştur. In this research, it was aimed to calculate the organic and conventional silage corn production costs in Kelkit district of Gümüşhane province in 2017. The data obtained from the questionnaires applied to 43 farms producing conventional silage corn and 17 farms producing organic silage corn were used. The cost of 1 kg of silage maize was calculated as 0.086 ₺/kg and 0.072 ₺/kg in conventional and organic production enterprises, respectively. The cost of 1 kg of silage maize after government subsidy was found to be 0.061 ₺/kg and 0.035 ₺/kg in conventional and organic production enterprises, respectively. The average selling price of conventional and organic silage maize was 0.150 ₺/kg and 0.165 ₺/kg, respectively. Average net profit was calculated as 307.23 da / da and 362.85 ₺/da in conventional and organic production enterprises, respectively. The average net profit after government subsidy was 426.08 ₺/da and 509.74 ₺/da in conventional and organic production enterprises, respectively. 71

This method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of aluminum(III) in dialysis concentrates using atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation with lanthanum phosphate. The analytical parameters that influenced the quantitative coprecipitation of analyte including amount of lanthanum, amount of phosfate, pH and duration time were optimized. The % recoveries of the analyte ion were in the range of 95-105 % with limit of detection (3s) of 0.5 mu g I-1. Preconcentration factor was found as 1000 and Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) % value obtained from model solutions was 2.5% for 0.02 mg L-1. The accuracy of the method was evaluated with standard reference material (CWW-TMD Waste Water). The method was also applied to most concentrated acidic and basic dialysis concentrates with satisfactory results.

Bitki kökenli antioksidanlar, serbest radikallerin neden olduğu hücre hasarını önleme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bir holoparazitik bitki olan Cuscuta campestris geleneksel tıpta karaciğer yaralanma tedavisi ve kanseri önlemek için değerlendirilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, C. campestris' in dietil eter, etil asetat, metanol, bütanol ve sulu ekstraktlarının içeriğini spektroskopik ve kromatografik yöntemlerle aydınlatarak antioksidan ve antikanser aktivite ile ilişkilendirmektir. HPLC-DAD analizleri ile rutin ve klorojenik asitin en yüksek bulunduğu sulu ekstrakt hariç, ekstraktlarda en fazla kuersetin, kamferol ve izoramnetin tespit edildi. En yüksek antioksidan potansiyel etil asetat ekstraktında (SC50, 0,023 mg/mL) bulundu. Ekstraktların antikanser aktiviteleri SNU-398, HepG2 ve SK-OV-3 hücrelerinde değerlendirildi ve normal yetişkin insan dermal fibroblast (hDFs) hücrelerinde kontrol edildi. Metanol ve etil asetat ekstraktları sırasıyla 18,7 ve 19,6 μg/mL CC50 değerleri ile SNU-398 üzerinde sitotoksisite gösterdi. HepG2 ve SK-OV-3 üzerinde etil asetat, metanol ve bütanol ekstraktları sitotoksisite gösterirken, dietil eter ve su ekstraktı sitotoksik bulunmadı. Etil asetat, metanol ve bütanol ekstraktlarından yalnızca bütanol ekstraktı hDFs hücrelerinde sitotoksik bulundu. Etil asetat ekstraktının, preparatif HPLC ile biriktirilen ana fraksiyonları saflaştırıldı ve UV, MS-MS ve FT-IR spektrumları ile kuersetin, kamferol ve izoramnetin olarak tanımlandı. Bu flavonollerin üçü de SK-OV-3 hücreleri üzerinde sitotoksik etki gösterirken, hiç biri hDFs hücrelerinde sitotoksik etki göstermedi. Kuersetin ve kamferol, HepG2 hücrelerinde de sitotoksik etki gösterdi. Sonuç olarak, C. campestris'in etil asetat ve metanol ekstraktları ile izole edilen kuersetin, kamferol ve izoramnetin antikanser ilaç geliştirme için ileriki çalışmalara umut vaad etmektedir. Plant derived antioxidants have a potential to prevent cell damage caused by free radicals. As a holoparasitic plant, C. campestris is being valorized for treatment of liver injury and cancer prevention in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study is to identify the antioxidant and anticancer associated content of diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, n-butanol and water extracts of C. campestris by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. Quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were found highest in all extracts except the water extract in which highest amount of rutin and chlorogenic acid was found.by HPLC-DAD analyses. The highest antioxidant potential was found (SC50, 0.023 mg/mL) in the ethyl acetate extract. Anticancer activities of the extracts were evaluated on SNU-398, HepG2 and SK-OV-3 cells and controlled on the normal adult human dermal fibroblast (hDFs) cells. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed cytotoxicity on the SNU-398 with the CC50 values of 18.7 and 19.6 µg/mL, respectively. While ethyl acetate, methanol and butanol extracts showed cytotoxicity on HepG2 and SK-OV-3, diethyl ether and water extract were not found cytotoxic. Only butanol extract was found cytotoxic on the hDFs cells amoung the ethyl acetate, methanol and buthanol extracts. Main fractions of ethyl acetate extract collected with preparative HPLC were purified and identified as quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin by using UV, MS-MS and FT-IR spectra. While these three flavonols showed cytotoxic effect on SK-OV-3 cells, none of them was found cytotoxic on the hDFs cells. Quercetin and kaempferol were showed cytotoxic effect on the HepG2 cells as well. In conclusion, the ethyl acetate, methanol extracts with the isolated quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin from C. campestris are promising candidates for further studies on anticancer drug development. 128

Bu çalışmada, diyaliz sıvısında eser miktarda bulunan alüminyum lantan(III) fosfat ile birlikte çöktürülerek ayrıldıktan ve zenginleştirildikten sonra alevli atomik absorpsiyon spektrometresi ile tayin edildi. İlk olarak birlikte çöktürme yöntemi pH, lantan(III) ve fosfat reaktif miktarları, çökeleği ayırmak için gerekli santrifüjleme süresi gibi bazı analitik değişkenler için optimize edildi. Analit için (Al) gözlenebilme sınırı değeri 0.5 µg/L' dir. Ortalama geri kazanma değeri %95-105 aralığındadır.Optimize edilen yöntem diyaliz sıvılarına uygulanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Alüminyum, Diyaliz Sıvısı, Zenginleştirme, Birlikte Çöktürme In this study, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometer after preconcentrated with coprecipitation lanthanum phosphate in dialysis solutions. Several analytical parameters governing the efficiency of the coprecipitation method were optimized including pH of sample solution amount of lanthanum, amount of phosphate and centrifuge time. The detection limit for analyte (Al) were of 0.5 µg/L. The average recoveries were in the range of 95-105 %.The optimized method was applied to dialysis solutions.Keywords: Aluminium, Dialysis Solutions, Preconcentration, Coprecipitation 82

k, selvi/0000-0002-9912-8586 WOS: 000408319400017 PubMed: 29201091 This method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of aluminum(III) in dialysis concentrates using atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation with lanthanum phosphate. the analytical parameters that influenced the quantitative coprecipitation of analyte including amount of lanthanum, amount of phosfate, pH and duration time were optimized. the % recoveries of the analyte ion were in the range of 95-105 % with limit of detection (3s) of 0.5 mu g I-1. Preconcentration factor was found as 1000 and Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) % value obtained from model solutions was 2.5% for 0.02 mg L-1. the accuracy of the method was evaluated with standard reference material (CWW-TMD Waste Water). the method was also applied to most concentrated acidic and basic dialysis concentrates with satisfactory results. Unit of the Scientific Research Project of Erciyes Univercity [EUBAP FBY-10- 3077] The author is grateful for the financial support of the Unit of the Scientific Research Project of Erciyes Univercity (Project no: EUBAP FBY-10- 3077).