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476 results on '"S. Pflüger"'

1. Photoregulatory functions drive variation in eye coloration across macaque species

Author

Juan Olvido Perea-García, Jorg J. M. Massen, Julia Ostner, Oliver Schülke, Alba Castellano-Navarro, Eva Gazagne, Juan Manuel José-Domínguez, Víctor Beltrán-Francés, Stefano Kaburu, Nadine Ruppert, Jérôme Micheletta, Shreejata Gupta, Bonaventura Majolo, Laëtitia Maréchal, Lena S. Pflüger, Pia M. Böhm, Marie Bourjade, Elif Duran, Catherine Hobaiter, and Antónia Monteiro

Subjects
Coloration, Gloger’s rule, Ecology, Eyes, Light, Macaques, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Primates, the most colorful mammalian radiation, have previously served as an interesting model to test the functions and evolutionary drivers of variation in eye color. We assess the contribution of photo-regulatory and communicative functions to the external eye appearance of nine macaque species representing all the branches of their radiation. Macaques’ well described social structure and wide geographical distribution make them interesting to explore. We find that (1) the posterior option of the anterior eyeball is more pigmented closer to the equator, suggesting photoprotective functions. We also find that (2) the temporal side of the eyeball is more heavily pigmented than the nasal side. This suggests that eyeball pigmentation in macaques is distributed to reduce damage to the corneal limbus. The inclusion of a translocated population of M. fuscata in our analyses also suggests that external eye appearance may change quickly, perhaps owing to phenotypic plasticity. We find no evidence that communicative functions drive variation in external eye appearance in macaques. These results suggest that the amount of light in a species’ environment drives variation in eye coloration across macaque species. Furthermore, the geographical distribution of macaques hints at important factors that have yet to be accounted for, such as the reflectivity of the terrain a given species inhabits.

Published
2024
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4. Behavioral, physiological, and genetic drivers of coping in a non-human primate

Author

Debottam Bhattacharjee, Aníta Rut Guðjónsdóttir, Paula Escriche Chova, Esmee Middelburg, Jana Jäckels, Natasja G. de Groot, Bernard Wallner, Jorg J.M. Massen, and Lena S. Pflüger

Subjects
Evolutionary biology, Genetics, Zoology, Science
Abstract

Summary: Animals experience stressful situations, from predation to social conflicts, but mostly deal with them successfully. This adaptive mechanism, coping, reduces the adverse effects of stressors, and its failure may result in reduced fitness. Substantial inter-individual variation in coping is observed, yet little is known about how behavioral, physiological and genetic drivers regulate coping holistically and contribute to such variations. We assessed behavioral coping styles (n=30), emotional arousal (n=12), and personalities (n=32) of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and also investigated the association of coping with a valine/methionine polymorphism encoded by a critical human stress regulatory gene, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) (n=26). Personality and the human equivalent COMT Val/Met polymorphism were associated with “nonaggression-based” and “aggression-based” coping styles. Compared to nonaggression-based, aggression-based copers maintained higher average facial temperatures, indicating potentially lower emotional arousal, as measured using infrared thermography. These findings demonstrate a complex interplay of various proximate mechanisms governing coping in a non-human primate.

Published
2024
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5. Prosociality in a despotic society

Author

Debottam Bhattacharjee, Eythan Cousin, Lena S. Pflüger, and Jorg J.M. Massen

Subjects
Biological sciences, Zoology, Evolutionary biology, Science
Abstract

Summary: Prosociality is the intent to improve others’ well-being. Existing hypotheses postulate that enhanced social tolerance and inter-individual dependence may facilitate prosocial preferences, which may favor the evolution of altruism. While most studies are restricted to “tolerant” (cooperatively breeding and self-domesticated) species, despotic societies provide an alternative opportunity to investigate prosociality due to nepotism and ample inter-individual dependencies. Japanese macaques live in hierarchical matrilineal societies, with strong kin bonds. Besides, tolerance among non-kin may persist through reciprocity. Using a group service food-provision paradigm, we found prosocial preferences in a semi free-ranging group of Japanese macaques. The extent of provisioning was at levels comparable to tolerant species. Dyadic tolerance predicted the likelihood and magnitude of provisioning, while kinship predicted the magnitude. We emphasize the role of a complex socio-ecology fostering individual prosocial tendencies through kinship and tolerance. These findings necessitate a framework including different forms of interdependence beyond the generally tolerant species.

Published
2023
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7. Exploring the Cognitive Capacities of Japanese Macaques in a Cooperation Game

Author

Ryan Sigmundson, Mathieu S. Stribos, Roy Hammer, Julia Herzele, Lena S. Pflüger, and Jorg J. M. Massen

Subjects
inequity aversion, ecological validity, field experiments, loose-string paradigm, partner choice, animal cognition, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Cooperation occurs amongst individuals embedded in a social environment. Consequently, cooperative interactions involve a variety of persistent social influences such as the dynamics of partner choice and reward division. To test for the effects of such dynamics, we conducted cooperation experiments in a captive population of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata, N = 164) using a modified version of the loose-string paradigm in an open-experiment design. We show that in addition to becoming more proficient cooperators over the course of the experiments, some of the macaques showed sensitivity to the presence of potential partners and adjusted their behavior accordingly. Furthermore, following an unequal reward division, individuals receiving a lesser reward were more likely to display aggressive and stress-related behaviors. Our experiments demonstrate that Japanese macaques have some understanding of the contingencies involved in cooperation as well as a sensitivity to the subsequent reward division suggestive of an aversion to inequity.

Published
2021
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10. Technical design report for the endcap disc DIRC

Author

F Davì, W Erni, B Krusche, M Steinacher, N Walford, H Liu, Z Liu, B Liu, X Shen, C Wang, J Zhao, M Albrecht, T Erlen, F Feldbauer, M Fink, V Freudenreich, M Fritsch, F H Heinsius, T Held, T Holtmann, I Keshk, H Koch, B Kopf, M Kuhlmann, M Kümmel, S Leiber, P Musiol, A Mustafa, M Pelizäus, A Pitka, G Reicherz, M Richter, C Schnier, T Schröder, S Sersin, L Sohl, C Sowa, M Steinke, T Triffterer, U Wiedner, R Beck, C Hammann, J Hartmann, B Ketzer, M Kube, M Rossbach, C Schmidt, R Schmitz, U Thoma, M Urban, A Bianconi, M Bragadireanu, D Pantea, W Czyzycki, M Domagala, G Filo, J Jaworowski, M Krawczyk, E Lisowski, F Lisowski, M Michałk, J Płażek, K Korcyl, A Kozela, P Kulessa, P Lebiedowicz, K Pysz, W Schäfer, A Szczurek, T Fiutowski, M Idzik, B Mindur, K Swientek, J Biernat, B Kamys, S Kistryn, G Korcyl, W Krzemien, A Magiera, P Moskal, W Przygoda, Z Rudy, P Salabura, J Smyrski, P Strzempek, A Wronska, I Augustin, R Böhm, I Lehmann, D Nicmorus Marinescu, L Schmitt, V Varentsov, M Al-Turany, A Belias, H Deppe, N Divani Veis, R Dzhygadlo, H Flemming, A Gerhardt, K Götzen, R Karabowicz, U Kurilla, D Lehmann, S Löchner, J Lühning, U Lynen, S Nakhoul, H Orth, K Peters, T Saito, G Schepers, C J Schmidt, C Schwarz, J Schwiening, A Täschner, M Traxler, B Voss, P Wieczorek, A Wilms, V Abazov, G Alexeev, V A Arefiev, V Astakhov, M Yu Barabanov, B V Batyunya, V Kh Dodokhov, A Efremov, A Fechtchenko, A Galoyan, G Golovanov, E K Koshurnikov, Y Yu Lobanov, V I Lobanov, V Malyshev, A G Olshevskiy, A A Piskun, A Samartsev, M G Sapozhnikov, N B Skachkov, A N Skachkova, E A Strokovsky, V Tokmenin, V Uzhinsky, A Verkheev, A Vodopianov, N I Zhuravlev, A Zinchenko, D Branford, D Glazier, D Watts, M Böhm, W Eyrich, A Lehmann, D Miehling, M Pfaffinger, S Stelter, F Uhlig, S Dobbs, K Seth, A Tomaradze, T Xiao, D Bettoni, A Ali, A Hamdi, M Krebs, F Nerling, V Akishina, S Gorbunov, I Kisel, G Kozlov, M Pugach, M Zyzak, N Bianchi, P Gianotti, C Guaraldo, V Lucherini, G Bracco, S Bodenschatz, K T Brinkmann, V Di Pietro, S Diehl, V Dormenev, M Düren, E Etzelmüller, K Föhl, M Galuska, T Geßler, E Gutz, C Hahn, A Hayrapetyan, M Kesselkaul, W Kühn, T Kuske, J S Lange, Y Liang, O Merle, V Metag, M Moritz, M Nanova, R Novotny, T Quagli, A Riccardi, J Rieke, M Schmidt, R Schnell, H Stenzel, M Strickert, U Thöring, T Wasem, B Wohlfahrt, H G Zaunick, E Tomasi-Gustafsson, D Ireland, G Rosner, B Seitz, P N Deepak, A Kulkarni, A Apostolou, M Babai, M Kavatsyuk, H Loehner, J Messchendorp, P Schakel, M Tiemens, J C van der Weele, S Vejdani, K Dutta, K Kalita, H Sohlbach, M Bai, L Bianchi, M Büscher, A Derichs, R Dosdall, A Erven, V Fracassi, A Gillitzer, F Goldenbaum, D Grunwald, L Jokhovets, G Kemmerling, H Kleines, A Lai, A Lehrach, M Mikirtychyants, S Orfanitski, D Prasuhn, E Prencipe, J Pütz, J Ritman, E Rosenthal, S Schadmand, T Sefzick, V Serdyuk, G Sterzenbach, T Stockmanns, P Wintz, P Wüstner, H Xu, Y Zhou, Z Li, X Ma, V Rigato, L Isaksson, P Achenbach, A Aycock, O Corell, A Denig, M Distler, M Hoek, W Lauth, H Merkel, U Müller, J Pochodzalla, S Sanchez, S Schlimme, C Sfienti, M Thiel, M Zambrana, H Ahmadi, S Ahmed, S Bleser, L Capozza, M Cardinali, A Dbeyssi, A Ehret, B Fröhlich, P Grasemann, S Haasler, D Izard, J Jorge, D Khaneft, R Klasen, R Kliemt, J Köhler, H H Leithoff, D Lin, F Maas, S Maldaner, M Michel, M C Mora Espí, C Morales Morales, C Motzko, O Noll, S Pflüger, D Rodríguez Piñeiro, M Steinen, E Walaa, S Wolff, I Zimmermann, A Fedorov, M Korzhik, O Missevitch, P Balanutsa, V Chernetsky, A Demekhin, A Dolgolenko, P Fedorets, A Gerasimov, V Goryachev, D Y Kirin, V A Matveev, A V Stavinskiy, A Balashoff, A Boukharov, O Malyshev, I Marishev, V Chandratre, V Datar, V Jha, H Kumawat, A K Mohanty, A Parmar, A K Rai, B Roy, G Sonika, C Fritzsch, S Grieser, A K Hergemöller, B Hetz, N Hüsken, A Khoukaz, J P Wessels, C Herold, K Khosonthongkee, C Kobdaj, A Limphirat, P Srisawad, Y Yan, A E Blinov, S Kononov, E A Kravchenko, E Antokhin, M Barnyakov, A Yu Barnyakov, K Beloborodov, V E Blinov, V S Bobrovnikov, I A Kuyanov, A P Onuchin, S Pivovarov, E Pyata, S Serednyakov, Y Tikhonov, R Kunne, D Marchand, B Ramstein, J van de Wiele, Y Wang, G Boca, V Burian, M Finger, A Nikolovova, M Pesek, M Peskova, M Pfeffer, I Prochazka, M Slunecka, P Gallus, V Jary, J Novy, M Tomasek, M Virius, V Vrba, V Abramov, N Belikov, S Bukreeva, A Davidenko, A Derevschikov, Y Goncharenko, V Grishin, V Kachanov, V Kormilitsin, A Levin, Y Melnik, N Minaev, V Mochalov, D Morozov, L Nogach, S Poslavskiy, A Ryazantsev, S Ryzhikov, P Semenov, I Shein, A Uzunian, A Vasiliev, A Yakutin, U Roy, B Yabsley, S Belostotski, G Gavrilov, A Izotov, S Manaenkov, O Miklukho, D Veretennikov, A Zhdanov, T Bäck, B Cederwall, K Makonyi, M Preston, P E Tegner, D Wölbing, S Godre, M P Bussa, S Marcello, S Spataro, F Iazzi, R Introzzi, A Lavagno, D Calvo, P De Remigis, A Filippi, G Mazza, A Rivetti, R Wheadon, A Martin, H Calen, W Ikegami Andersson, T Johansson, A Kupsc, P Marciniewski, M Papenbrock, J Pettersson, J Regina, K Schönning, M Wolke, J Diaz, V Pothodi Chackara, A Chlopik, G Kesik, D Melnychuk, B Slowinski, A Trzcinski, M Wojciechowski, S Wronka, B Zwieglinski, P Bühler, J Marton, D Steinschaden, K Suzuki, E Widmann, S Zimmermann, and J Zmeskal

Subjects
Subatomär fysik, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, PANDA, Subatomic Physics, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, technical design report, particle identification, Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, Cherenkov detector
Abstract

PANDA (anti-proton annihiliation at Darmstadt) is planned to be one of the four main experiments at the future international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. It is going to address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using cooled antiproton beams with a high intensity and and momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c. PANDA is designed to reach a maximum luminosity of 2 × 1032 cm−2 s. Most of the physics programs require an excellent particle identification (PID). The PID of hadronic states at the forward endcap of the target spectrometer will be done by a fast and compact Cherenkov detector that uses the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) principle. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 5° to 22° and to provide a separation power for the separation of charged pions and kaons up to 3 standard deviations (s.d.) for particle momenta up to 4 GeV/c in order to cover the important particle phase space. This document describes the technical design and the expected performance of the novel PANDA disc DIRC detector that has not been used in any other high energy physics experiment before. The performance has been studied with Monte-Carlo simulations and various beam tests at DESY and CERN. The final design meets all PANDA requirements and guarantees sufficient safety margins.

Published
2022

12. Evaluation of thermal infrared imaging from uninhabited aerial vehicles for arboreal wildlife surveillance

Author

Blair, Mirka, Douglas A, Stow, Gernot, Paulus, Andrew C, Loerch, Lloyd L, Coulter, Li, An, Rebecca L, Lewison, and Lena S, Pflüger

Subjects
Animals, Animals, Wild, Forests, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring, Trees
Abstract

An important component of wildlife management and conservation is monitoring the health and population size of wildlife species. Monitoring the population size of an animal group can inform researchers of habitat use, potential changes in habitat and resulting behavioral adaptations, individual health, and the effectiveness of conservation efforts. Arboreal monkeys are difficult to monitor as their habitat is often poorly accessible and most monkey species have some degree of camouflage, making them hard to observe in and below the tree canopy. Surveys conducted using uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with thermal infrared (TIR) cameras can help overcome these limitations by flying above the canopy and using the contrast between the warm body temperature of the monkeys and the cooler background vegetation, reducing issues with impassable terrain and animal camouflage. We evaluated the technical and procedural elements associated with conducting UAV-TIR surveys for arboreal and terrestrial macaque species. Primary imaging missions and analyses were conducted over a monkey park housing approximately 160 semi-free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). We demonstrate Repeat Station Imaging (RSI) procedures using co-registered TIR image pairs facilitate the use of image differencing to detect targets that were moving during rapid sequence imaging passes. We also show that 3D point clouds may be generated from highly overlapping UAV-TIR image sets in a forested setting using structure from motion (SfM) image processing techniques. A point cloud showing area-wide elevation values was generated from TIR imagery, but it lacked sufficient point density to reliably determine the 3D locations of monkeys.

Published
2021

13. Using eye tracking to test for individual differences in attention to attractive faces

Author

Christian eValuch, Lena S. Pflüger, Bernard eWallner, Bruno eLaeng, and Ulrich eAnsorge

Subjects
Attention, Eye Color, faces, gender, attractiveness, Gap effect, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

We assessed individual differences in visual attention toward faces in relation to their attractiveness via saccadic reaction times (SRTs). Motivated by the aim to understand individual differences in attention to faces, we tested three hypotheses: (a) Attractive faces hold or capture attention more effectively than less attractive faces; (b) men show a stronger bias toward attractive opposite-sex faces than women; and (c) blue-eyed men show a stronger bias toward blue-eyed than brown-eyed feminine faces. The latter test was included because prior research suggested a high effect size. Our data supported hypotheses (a) and (b) but not (c). By conducting separate tests for disengagement of attention and attention capture, we found that individual differences exist at distinct stages of attentional processing but these differences are of varying robustness and importance. In our conclusion, we also advocate the use of linear mixed effects models as the most appropriate statistical approach toward studying inter-individual differences in visual attention with naturalistic stimuli.

Published
2015
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14. Sexual Attractiveness: a Comparative Approach to Morphological, Behavioral and Neurophysiological Aspects of Sexual Signaling in Women and Nonhuman Primate Females

Author

Bernard Wallner, Jacqueline Domjanić, Lena S. Pflüger, Horst Seidler, Helmut Schaschl, Eva Millesi, Sonja Windhager, Matthias Nemeth, and Martin Fieder

Subjects
Behavior, biology, Physiology, Sexual attraction, Secondary sex characteristic, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Human sexuality, Behavioral neuroscience, Developmental psychology, Comparative primatology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Reward system, Mood, biology.animal, Primate, Neurophysiological organization, Prefrontal cortex, Psychology, Sexual attractiveness
Abstract

This review focuses on comparative data in nonhuman primates and humans in relation to signaling secondary sex characteristics (SSC), sexual behavior, and neurophysiology of sexuality during the female cycle. In monkeys and apes no clear distinction can be drawn between sex as a reproductive, social, or a pleasurable activity. Although female sexual behavior is not limited to a specific phase of the menstrual cycle, changes in body morphology and in behavior and psychology (for example, in feeding, risk taking, and mood) can occur across the cycle. In human and nonhuman primates, homologous biological mechanisms including specific areas of the brain, sex steroids, and receptors are involved in regulating female sexuality. Important aspects of this regulation include the interaction between the subcortical reward system and the social brain network and its projection to the prefrontal cortex. In humans, females advertise SSC permanently after the onset of puberty, but without significant changes across the cycle, whereas in other primate species, female sexual signaling can vary significantly across cycle stages and in fertile and non-fertile phases of the life cycle. A great deal is now known about the regulation of female sexuality in primates and the use of sexual signals in terms of their variable expression and their information content for males. Human research has also elucidated the cultural mechanisms through which women communicate about their sexuality, including clothes and make-up. A full understanding of female sexuality in humans, therefore, requires knowledge of culture-biology interactions.

Published
2019
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15. The potential of $\varLambda $ and $\varXi ^-$ studies with PANDA at FAIR

Author

M. Sachs, I. K. Keshk, Xi-Guang Cao, M. Traxler, Yan Liang, G. Mazza, C. Fritzsch, T. Holtmann, S. Godre, A. N. Skachkova, Edward Lisowski, E. Rosenthal, S. Yogesh, Y. K. Sun, H. Pace, D. A. Morozov, H. Deppe, J. Pütz, A. G. Denig, S. Ryzhikov, Hans-Georg Zaunick, Dirk Grunwald, A. Kantsyrev, Paolo Mengucci, Christoph Herold, P. Eugenio, Grzegorz Filo, A. Boukharov, M. Kesselkaul, Concettina Sfienti, A. Kulkarni, M. Lattery, J. Frech, A. Hayrapetyan, W. Zhu, A. A. Piskun, Zbigniew Rudy, V. E. Blinov, S. Spataro, Jens Hartmann, S. Schlimme, D. Branford, C. Schwarz, Michaela Thiel, G. Golovanov, T. Wasem, J. Schwiening, P. Wieczorek, E. Pyata, Ch. Hammann, D. Lehmann, Chinorat Kobdaj, V. Moiseev, P. Balanutsa, B. J. Liu, S. Bodenschatz, F. E. Maas, N. Wongprachanukul, Lorenzo Scalise, M. Hoek, A. K. Saxena, M. Virius, M. Steinke, N. Rathod, A.A. Efremov, A. Samartsev, I. Shein, Alexander Olshevskiy, Herbert Koch, V. Panjushkin, K. Nowakowski, S. Belostotski, S. Bukreeva, Ulrich Wiedner, U. Thöring, A.S. Vodopianov, J. Kellers, L. Robison, Ting Xiao, V. Crede, Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson, R. Karabowicz, P. Srisawad, F. Feldbauer, J. Reher, D. Kazlou, M. Yu. Barabanov, W. Kühn, M. Steinen, P. Wintz, D. Wölbing, A. Dbeyssi, M. Kunze, C. Hargens, A. Pitka, A. Lehmann, I. Augustin, Mathias Fink, P. Terlecki, A. E. Yakutin, Magnus Wolke, I. Kisel, V. Varentsov, U. Thoma, Nicola Bianchi, D. Bettoni, Antoni Szczurek, Dan Pantea, M. Slunecka, D. I. Glazier, H. H. Leithoff, Genady Gavrilov, P. Jiang, T. Simantathammakul, Felice Iazzi, E. Widmann, D. G. Ireland, C. Motzko, K.-T. Brinkmann, M. Schmidt, Johann Marton, J. Tao, W. Eyrich, M. Straube, Krzysztof Swientek, B. Krusche, N. K. Walford, S. Vejdani, G. Perez Andrade, Richard Wheadon, N. Kratochwil, H. Li, L. Jokhovets, S.G. Pivovarov, W. Ikegami Andersson, S. Grieser, A. Gerhardt, H. Qi, W. Lauth, S. Diehl, R. Beck, Krzysztof Korcyl, Angelo Rivetti, K. Makonyi, Yupeng Yan, P. P. Natali, G. Kesik, K. N. Basant, I. Lehmann, A. V. Stavinskiy, W. Esmail, M. Preston, A. Gillitzer, D. Calvo, Ayut Limphirat, A. Demekhin, J. Müllers, M. Pelizäus, Andrew Levin, Gianangelo Bracco, N. Quin, D. Lersch, V. Chernetsky, M. Domagala, N. Minaev, A. Balashoff, U. Müller, N. Hüsken, V. Abramov, Torbjörn Bäck, A. Ali, S. Pflüger, C. Yu, G. Boca, R. Klasen, N. Kristi, J. Zmeskal, T. Nasawad, A. Dolgolenko, A. Belousov, B. Wohlfahrt, H. Xu, R. Dosdall, E. Maslova, Gianni Barucca, M.P. Bussa, B. Seitz, J. S. Díaz, G. Hunter, M. Volf, V.Kh. Dodokhov, Piotr Lebiedowicz, A. Scholl, Grzegorz Korcyl, H. Loehner, Mohammed Al-Turany, Andrzej Kupsc, R. W. Novotny, L. Montalto, A. E. Blinov, J. Kannika, Andrey Uzunian, R. Lalik, P. N. Deepak, P.-E. Tegnér, E. Antokhin, A. Gerasimov, P. De Remigis, X. Zhou, Petr Gallus, P. Orsich, I. Prochazka, Valentino Rigato, S. Maldaner, M. Himmelreich, V. M. Abazov, J. Płażek, Kazem Azizi, James Ritman, S. Wolff, Andrea Bianconi, Nicola Paone, W. Nalti, S. Kegel, I. A. Kuyanov, M. Steinacher, A. Chlopik, V. Lucherini, A. Belias, K. K. Seth, Mario Bragadireanu, C. J. Schmidt, V. Freudenreich, A. Ehret, G. V. Fedotov, J. Li, A. Galoyan, G. Neue, P. Schakel, M. Wojciechowski, B. Kopf, C. Liu, P. Gianotti, X. Ma, R. Kappert, Oleg V. Missevitch, J. Pereira-de-Lira, X. Zhang, D. Melnychuk, Paweł Moskal, I. Köseoglu, Bo Cederwall, K. Götzen, M. Finger, M. Marcisovsky, A. Derevschikov, V. Goryachev, V. Jary, R. Kunne, Y. Zhou, G. Reicherz, C. Schnier, J. G. Messchendorp, M. Michałek, T. Erlen, D. Miehling, G. D. Alexeev, Hasko Stenzel, A. Fechtchenko, L. Schmitt, J. Rieger, M. Zyzak, Michael Papenbrock, F. Schupp, Sean A Dobbs, J. Pochodzalla, S. Chernichenko, S. Shimanski, A. Mustafa, K. Dutta, M. Kümmel, S. Bökelmann, S. Sun, Bruce Yabsley, I. Zimmermann, E.K. Koshurnikov, B. Zwieglinski, O. Malyshev, H. Flemming, O. Korchak, U. Kurilla, F. Nerling, M. Pugach, Claude Amsler, G. Huang, A. Akram, L. Sohl, B. J. Roy, S. Wronka, Andrey V. Izotov, Vaclav Vrba, A. Malige, M. Kuhlmann, E. Prencipe, R. Böhm, R. Schubert, Matthias Richter, M. Krebs, L. Nogach, Frank Goldenbaum, B. Ramstein, X. Y. Shen, Paul Alois Buhler, S. I. Manaenkov, A. Aycock, M. Küßner, A. Khoukaz, E. Luschevskaya, K. Khosonthongkee, C. Wenzel, M. Pfaffinger, J. Lühning, P. Poznański, Fabrizio Daví, S. Koch, O. Corell, M. Kavatsyuk, Bernd Voss, B. Hetz, Daniele Rinaldi, J. Regina, L. Capozza, J. Novy, V. Ferapontov, A. Kozela, D. Y. Kirin, U. Lynen, T. Johansson, S. Orfanitski, M. Tomasek, A. Derichs, Andrea Lavagno, Krisztian Peters, A. Ryazantsev, Daniel Duda, Valery Dormenev, M. Peskova, X. A. Xiong, O. Noll, M. Rossbach, M. Fritsch, N. I. Zhuravlev, Tomasz Fiutowski, S. Zimmermann, Y. Melnik, V. A. Matveev, A. Täschner, P. Salabura, S.A. Kononov, T. Triffterer, J. S. Lange, K. Pysz, K. Kalita, W. Erni, Ajay Kumar Rai, D. P. Watts, Lennart Isaksson, Utpal N. Roy, M. Strickert, M. Böhm, M. Albrecht, Y. Bettner, Boris Batyunya, A. Hamdi, J. Hofmann, Jize Zhao, R. Dzhygadlo, T. Held, V. V. Tokmenin, K. Manasatitpong, Andrei Fedorov, H. Orth, Hans Calén, M. Urban, G. Zhao, F. Lisowski, Witold Przygoda, D. Prasuhn, M. Zambrana, W. Schäfer, S. Bleser, A. K. Hergemöller, M. Pesek, Y. A. Tikhonov, A. Filippi, M. Peter, Volker Metag, M. Moritz, A. Kripko, J. Tarasiuk, S. Schadmand, G. Schepers, S. Poslavskiy, Andreas Martin Heinz, Anne-Laure Martin, L. Brück, Antonin Kveton, V. Mochalov, D. Steinschaden, M. Bölting, N. Er, Ch. Schmidt, Mikhail Korzhik, V. Astakhov, Konstantin Beloborodov, H. Denizli, T. Saito, R. Hagdorn, Pawel Marciniewski, D. Veretennikov, C. Morales Morales, Harphool Kumawat, Karin Schönning, Marek Idzik, M. O. Distler, A. Golubev, E. Ladygina, G. Kozlov, Tobias Stockmanns, C. Hahn, N. Cao, T. Sefzick, Giovanni Lancioni, V. Serdyuk, B. Ketzer, Jerzy Smyrski, D. Bonaventura, P. Wüstner, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, V. Pothodi Chackara, Mariana Nanova, B. Salisbury, E. A. Kravchenko, L. Tomasek, D. Bumrungkoh, Patrick Achenbach, W. Alkakhi, V. Uzhinsky, Y. Goncharenko, Harald Merkel, A. Atac, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, A. Verkheev, P. Fedorets, S. Nakhoul, F. H. Heinsius, Q. Hu, N. B. Skachkov, S. Pongampai, R. Schmitz, E. A. Strokovsky, Zhiyong Liu, H. Peng, V. Arefiev, K. Föhl, D. Liu, P. Semenov, V. Rodin, Keval Gandhi, P. Kulessa, O. Miklukho, A. Vasiliev, P. Brand, A. A. Zhdanov, R. Kliemt, P. Grasemann, A. Yu. Barnyakov, Z. Li, A. Meschanin, Michael Düren, S. Ahmed, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), PANDA, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BAİBÜ, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, Denizli, Haluk, and 0-Belirlenecek

Subjects
+Antixi+Xi%22">anti-p p --> Antixi Xi, Hadron, hyperon: pair production, correction: efficiency, 01 natural sciences, 13.30.-a, symmetry: CP, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, benchmark, Subatomic Physics, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Electromagnetic Form-Factors, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½, Physics, Antihyperon Production, Hyperon, PANDA, strong interaction, Observable, hyperon: production, 13.88.+, +Antilambda+Lambda%22">anti-p p --> Antilambda Lambda, Production (computer science), Low-Energy, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Cp-Violation, +Lambda+pi%22">Xi- --> Lambda pi, Bar (music), spin: correlation, Strong interaction, Hyperons, nonperturbative, 13.60.R, hyperon: decay, 0103 physical sciences, anti-p p: scattering, ddc:530, anti-p: beam, 010306 general physics, polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, background, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, antihyperon, [No Keywords], Exchange, 13.75.-n, Decay, hyperon: ground state, Antiproton, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

The antiproton experiment PANDA at FAIR is designed to bring hadron physics to a new level in terms of scope, precision and accuracy. In this work, its unique capability for studies of hyperons is outlined. We discuss ground-state hyperons as diagnostic tools to study non-perturbative aspects of the strong interaction, and fundamental symmetries. New simulation studies have been carried out for two benchmark hyperon-antihyperon production channels: $\bar{p}p \to \bar{\Lambda}\Lambda$ and $\bar{p}p \to \bar{\Xi}^+\Xi^-$. The results, presented in detail in this paper, show that hyperon-antihyperon pairs from these reactions can be exclusively reconstructed with high efficiency and very low background contamination. In addition, the polarisation and spin correlations have been studied, exploiting the weak, self-analysing decay of hyperons and antihyperons. Two independent approaches to the finite efficiency have been applied and evaluated: one standard multidimensional efficiency correction approach, and one efficiency independent approach. The applicability of the latter was thoroughly evaluated for all channels, beam momenta and observables. The standard method yields good results in all cases, and shows that spin observables can be studied with high precision and accuracy already in the first phase of data taking with PANDA., Comment: 26 pages, 16 figures. Changes: Revised title and abstract and corrections/clarifications in the text according to suggestions by journal referees

Published
2021
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16. Twenty-three-year demographic history of the Affenberg Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), a translocated semi-free-ranging group in southern Austria

Author

Claudia Radler, Markus Dorner, Lena S. Pflüger, Michael A. Huffman, Katharina E. Pink, and Bernard Wallner

Subjects
Male, 0106 biological sciences, Demographic history, Offspring, Life expectancy, media_common.quotation_subject, Population Dynamics, Population, Translocation, Biology, Rank relations, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Macaca fuscata, Pregnancy, Animals, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Mortality, education, media_common, Social dynamics, education.field_of_study, Reproductive success, Reproduction, 05 social sciences, Infant mortality, Animal ecology, Austria, Macaca, Population study, Original Article, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Demography
Abstract

Demographic studies on translocated primate groups provide a unique opportunity to study population dynamics, social strategies, and reproductive parameters of a species adapting to new environments. In 1996, 38 Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) of the Minoo-H group (Osaka Prefecture, Japan) were translocated to Affenberg Landskron, a four-hectare naturally forested park in southern Austria. By January 2020, the population had increased to 160 individuals, and a total of 223 births were recorded. Births peaked in late April to late May, and the timing was influenced by neither offspring sex nor parity status of the mother. Infant mortality was low (8.97%), mostly involving primiparous females, and the average interbirth intervals were shorter following the death of an infant (1.10 years) than a surviving infant (1.77 years). Females rarely had offspring with the same males repeatedly, and the reproductive success among males declined with increasing years of presence in the group. The main aspects of reproduction, mortality, and mate choice are consistent with published data on natural and provisioned populations in Japan and those translocated to other countries. The life expectancy for females, however, was relatively high (11.72% chance of reaching the age of 20), whereas birth control prevented them from using their lifetime reproductive potential. By January 2020, the number of old individuals (> 18 years; 17.5%) was close to that of juveniles (

Published
2021

17. Study of excited $$arvec{arXi }$$ baryons with the $$overline{ ext{ P }}$$ANDA detector

Author

Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson, R. Karabowicz, A. Kripko, M. Domagala, U. Müller, Pawel Marciniewski, D. Veretennikov, Xuan Zhang, Y. A. Tikhonov, A. Hamdi, J. Hofmann, A. Filippi, A. Golubev, Tobias Stockmanns, V. Abramov, C. Hahn, A. Belias, K. Nowakowski, V. Serdyuk, M. Pelizä, Z. Tavukoglu, B. Ketzer, Jerzy Smyrski, J. Pütz, O. Malyshev, U. Kurilla, Konstantin Beloborodov, V. Chauhan, R. W. Novotny, A. Kantsyrev, P. Balanutsa, B. J. Liu, D. G. Ireland, Petr Gallus, G. D. Alexeev, D. Bonaventura, A. V. Stavinskiy, C. Motzko, K.-T. Brinkmann, H. Denizli, V. Crede, I. Zimmermann, E.K. Koshurnikov, Jize Zhao, R. Dzhygadlo, Kazem Azizi, A. Chlopik, Fabrizio Daví, V. Ferapontov, D. Y. Kirin, P. Wüstner, M. Fritsch, N. I. Zhuravlev, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, Dan Pantea, A. Täschner, W. Eyrich, T. Held, W. Esmail, T. Triffterer, V. V. Tokmenin, K. Manasatitpong, W. Kühn, A. Khoukaz, A. Ali, Alexander Olshevskiy, S. Koch, J. Rieger, R. Hagdorn, S. Godre, V. Lucherini, T. Erlen, Herbert Koch, Y. K. Sun, Mariana Nanova, A. Verkheev, M. Marcisovsky, P. Fedorets, Yan Liang, Claude Amsler, M. Slunecka, S. Nakhoul, J. Müllers, Krisztian Peters, J. Oppotsch, A. Malige, N. Hüsken, B. Salisbury, G. Huang, S. Sun, F. Nerling, A. A. Piskun, F. H. Heinsius, G. Mazza, S. I. Manaenkov, O. Noll, A. T. Olgun, E. Antokhin, A. Gerasimov, S. Spataro, P. Salabura, D. Bumrungkoh, Q. Hu, Kamal K. Seth, D. P. Watts, S. Shimanski, V. Uzhinsky, M. Krebs, S. Bodenschatz, Karin Schönning, C. Yu, G. Perez-Andrade, G. Boca, Krzysztof Swientek, V. E. Blinov, P. De Remigis, C. J. Schmidt, Paolo Mengucci, Christoph Herold, F. Lisowski, E. A. Strokovsky, N. B. Skachkov, Y. Goncharenko, Harald Merkel, Lennart Isaksson, S. Maldaner, S. Pongampai, F. Khalid, W. Lauth, F. Feldbauer, G. Reicherz, Volker Metag, C. Mannweiler, M. Moritz, L. Montalto, Piotr Lebiedowicz, D. Prasuhn, A. Scholl, Michaela Thiel, R. Schmitz, S. Pflüger, J. Kannika, M. Albrecht, M. Volf, V.Kh. Dodokhov, P. Poznański, Marek Idzik, M. O. Distler, I. Shein, T. Wasem, J. Schwiening, T. Sefzick, Giovanni Lancioni, J. Tarasiuk, E. Ladygina, Hans-Georg Zaunick, A. E. Blinov, N. Wongprachanukul, W. Schäfer, S. Schadmand, G. Schepers, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, I. Augustin, Mathias Fink, D. Lehmann, P. Terlecki, P. Eugenio, Concettina Sfienti, S. Poslavskiy, M. Virius, S. Schlimme, C. Schwarz, Andreas Martin Heinz, Andrey Uzunian, B. Zwieglinski, M. Lattery, A. E. Yakutin, P.-E. Tegnér, H. Peng, J. Pereira-de-Lira, Ting Xiao, A.A. Efremov, James Ritman, L. Brück, Antonin Kveton, V. Mochalov, V. M. Abazov, S. Wolff, E. A. Kravchenko, E. Prencipe, F. E. Maas, R. Beck, Krzysztof Korcyl, Lorenzo Scalise, Gianangelo Bracco, L. Tomasek, Patrick Achenbach, A. Derevschikov, E. Vishnevsky, D. Melnychuk, M. Firlej, P. Srisawad, A. Dbeyssi, J. Petersen, I. Köseoglu, D. Miehling, M. Bölting, J. Regina, P. Wintz, J. Reher, W. Alkakhi, H. H. Leithoff, S. Bleser, S. Kegel, N. Er, S. Pankonin, Antoni Szczurek, D. Kazlou, M. Yu. Barabanov, Dirk Grunwald, L. Capozza, L. Linzen, D. Liu, V. Freudenreich, A. Ehret, C. Liu, Yupeng Yan, P. Gianotti, R. Dosdall, Ch. Schmidt, M. Steinen, Y. Zhou, A. Demekhin, A. Galoyan, M. Preston, Zhengtai Liu, T. Holtmann, Paweł Moskal, Mikhail Korzhik, A. Boukharov, D. Klostermann, S. Orfanitski, E. Pyata, P. P. Natali, G. Golovanov, M. Pesek, Ch. Hammann, C. Schnier, J. G. Messchendorp, P. Semenov, V. Rodin, Valentino Rigato, B. Kopf, Keval Gandhi, Daniel Duda, Andrea Bianconi, D. I. Glazier, A. Gillitzer, A. Akram, H. Flemming, M. Kümmel, M. Steinke, I. A. Kuyanov, N. Rathod, D. Calvo, D. Wölbing, R. Böhm, Ali Yilmaz, F. Schupp, Sean A Dobbs, J. Pochodzalla, U. Lynen, S. Chernichenko, B. Krusche, Felice Iazzi, Richard Wheadon, X. Y. Shen, L. Jokhovets, S.G. Pivovarov, R. Kappert, A. Lehmann, Ayut Limphirat, P. Kulessa, I. Lehmann, Andrea Lavagno, N. Kristi, T. Nasawad, A. Dolgolenko, M. Peskova, J. Płażek, Tomasz Fiutowski, L. Nogach, G. V. Fedotov, E. Luschevskaya, E. Maslova, R. Lalik, K. Khosonthongkee, C. Wenzel, M. Pfaffinger, Grzegorz Korcyl, O. Miklukho, A. N. Skachkova, Edward Lisowski, V. Jary, M. Kavatsyuk, M. Himmelreich, H. Deppe, A. G. Denig, A. Vasiliev, A. Derichs, J. Frech, A. Hayrapetyan, W. Zhu, Chinorat Kobdaj, P. Brand, E. Rosenthal, S. Belostotski, Ulrich Wiedner, A.S. Vodopianov, J. Kellers, U. Keskin, U. Thoma, R. Kliemt, A. Yu. Barnyakov, Bo Cederwall, K. Götzen, A. Meschanin, Michael Düren, Johann Marton, V. Chernetsky, Gianni Barucca, H. Loehner, Vaclav Vrba, M. Sachs, I. K. Keshk, Xi-Guang Cao, M. Traxler, S. Diehl, Andrew Levin, M.P. Bussa, S. Yerlikaya, Nicola Paone, A. Samartsev, P. Jiang, A. Fechtchenko, L. Schmitt, Michael Papenbrock, Bernd Voss, B. Hetz, Daniele Rinaldi, V. Moiseev, Magnus Wolke, V. Varentsov, M. Schmidt, N. Minaev, A. Balashoff, Mohammed Al-Turany, Andrzej Kupsc, P. Orsich, M. Steinacher, M. Finger, V. Panjushkin, H. Xu, M. Michałek, S. Bökelmann, S. Wronka, Andrey V. Izotov, M. Bukharova, G. Neue, R. Schubert, M. Tomasek, D. A. Morozov, S. Zimmermann, J. Grochowski, P. Wieczorek, S. Ryzhikov, M. Hoek, A. Gerhardt, H. Qi, Jens Hartmann, B. Seitz, S. Bukreeva, X. Zhou, G. Kesik, I. Prochazka, Mario Bragadireanu, K. Pysz, S. Coen, O. Korchak, K. Kalita, M. Küßner, O. Corell, T. Johansson, A. Ryazantsev, Y. Melnik, V. A. Matveev, S.A. Kononov, H. Orth, Hans Calén, M. Urban, G. Zhao, Witold Przygoda, T. Simantathammakul, J. Moron, J. Li, Oleg V. Missevitch, Frank Goldenbaum, Ajay Kumar Rai, M. Strickert, M. Böhm, Grzegorz Filo, M. Kunze, W. Ikegami Andersson, R. Klasen, S. Vestrick, Paul Alois Buhler, J. Lühning, J. Novy, Valery Dormenev, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, hyperon: particle source, Hadron, Type (model theory), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, decay modes, Combinatorics, Tree (descriptive set theory), excited state: spectrum, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, structure, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, baryon: excited state, Spectrum (functional analysis), Hyperon, anti-p, Baryon, statistics, efficiency, Excited state, Production (computer science), acceptance
Abstract

The European physical journal / A 57(4), 149 (2021). doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00444-5, Published by Springer, Heidelberg

Published
2021
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18. PANDA Phase One: PANDA collaboration

Author

R. Klasen, S. Vestrick, Grzegorz Filo, S. Diehl, M. Kunze, W. Ikegami Andersson, A. V. Stavinskiy, Yupeng Yan, Felice Iazzi, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, J. Müllers, Andrew Levin, Paul Alois Buhler, J. Lühning, J. Novy, Valery Dormenev, James Ritman, Piotr Lebiedowicz, L. Montalto, M. Küßner, A. Scholl, Frank Goldenbaum, Ali Yilmaz, Yan Liang, W. Esmail, M.P. Bussa, A. Ali, L. Jokhovets, S.G. Pivovarov, D. Bonaventura, A. Verkheev, S. Rimjaem, M. Preston, A. T. Olgun, Konstantin Beloborodov, P. Fedorets, A. Hamdi, M. Volf, S. Yerlikaya, S. Nakhoul, J. Kannika, O. Corell, A. Vasiliev, G. Mazza, E. Antokhin, A. Gerasimov, Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson, J. Hofmann, R. Karabowicz, V.Kh. Dodokhov, A. E. Blinov, P.-E. Tegnér, Andrey Uzunian, S. Wolff, M. Steinen, L. Linzen, Y. Zhou, F. H. Heinsius, Zhengtai Liu, P. De Remigis, C. J. Schmidt, I. Lehmann, H. Denizli, H. Deppe, Ajay Kumar Rai, T. Johansson, T. Holtmann, A. G. Denig, V. Panjushkin, J. Frech, A. Hayrapetyan, W. Zhu, L. Nogach, E. Vishnevsky, D. Melnychuk, Q. Hu, I. Köseoglu, Andrea Bianconi, J. Pereira-de-Lira, A. Derevschikov, A. Belias, O. Malyshev, D. Miehling, Nicola Paone, K. Pysz, A. Ryazantsev, D. I. Glazier, G. Reicherz, R. Hagdorn, M. Strickert, M. Böhm, Chinorat Kobdaj, P. Brand, Vladimir Blinov, P. Wüstner, X. Y. Shen, Paolo Mengucci, Christoph Herold, M. Pelizäus, G. V. Fedotov, T. Nasawad, A. Dolgolenko, N. B. Skachkov, S. Pongampai, S. Coen, Y. Melnik, V. A. Matveev, U. Kurilla, V. Jary, B. Zwieglinski, F. Khalid, A. Gillitzer, D. Calvo, Andreas Martin Heinz, M. Kavatsyuk, Mariana Nanova, S. Belostotski, K. Nowakowski, Claude Amsler, T. Erlen, K. Kalita, M. Domagala, A. Derichs, Ulrich Wiedner, E. Prencipe, L. Brück, R. Schmitz, Antonin Kveton, V. Mochalov, A.S. Vodopianov, J. Kellers, J. Rieger, G. Huang, N. Wongprachanukul, Bo Cederwall, K. Götzen, A. N. Skachkova, Edward Lisowski, J. Pütz, U. Müller, C. Motzko, K.-T. Brinkmann, S.A. Kononov, Dirk Grunwald, G. Neue, U. Thoma, R. Lalik, A. Kantsyrev, S. Sun, M. Virius, B. Salisbury, J. Oppotsch, Jize Zhao, R. Dzhygadlo, T. Held, F. Nerling, G. D. Alexeev, M. Bölting, A. Boukharov, G. Golovanov, I. Zimmermann, N. Er, A. Malige, S. Godre, Ting Xiao, M. Wojciechowski, Ch. Schmidt, T. Simantathammakul, B. Seitz, P. Balanutsa, B. J. Liu, V. Crede, M. Krebs, E. Rosenthal, Y. K. Sun, D. G. Ireland, W. Kühn, V. Abramov, Z. Tavukoglu, Mikhail Korzhik, A. Kripko, S. Spataro, D. Bumrungkoh, V. M. Abazov, R. Schubert, H. Flemming, Vaclav Vrba, S. I. Manaenkov, S. Kegel, A. Lehmann, U. Keskin, Hans-Georg Zaunick, R. Kliemt, V. Uzhinsky, Karin Schönning, X. Zhou, R. Böhm, S. Maldaner, J. Moron, D. P. Watts, E.K. Koshurnikov, M. Slunecka, P. Poznański, M. Firlej, P. Srisawad, A. Yu. Barnyakov, D. Kazlou, M. Yu. Barabanov, J. Płażek, V. Chauhan, R. W. Novotny, S. Schlimme, C. Schwarz, Y. Goncharenko, Lennart Isaksson, P. Eugenio, Kamal K. Seth, Concettina Sfienti, Harald Merkel, H. Xu, A. Meschanin, Marek Idzik, Mario Bragadireanu, Kazem Azizi, M. Lattery, C. Yu, G. Perez-Andrade, G. Boca, C. Liu, A. Chlopik, Johann Marton, Jens Hartmann, A. Samartsev, M. O. Distler, Dan Pantea, W. Eyrich, P. Gianotti, J. Li, E. Ladygina, Michael Düren, M. Albrecht, M. Tomasek, J. Regina, Michaela Thiel, I. Shein, L. Capozza, V. Chernetsky, Y. A. Tikhonov, Oleg V. Missevitch, V. Lucherini, Lorenzo Scalise, Fabrizio Daví, J. Petersen, F. E. Maas, A. Filippi, Gianni Barucca, T. Wasem, J. Reher, J. Schwiening, P. Wintz, O. Korchak, M. Marcisovsky, Volker Metag, S. Zimmermann, N. Hüsken, S. Pankonin, P. Jiang, Antoni Szczurek, C. Schnier, H. Orth, S. Bukreeva, H. Loehner, S. Orfanitski, D. Lehmann, C. Mannweiler, V. Ferapontov, D. Y. Kirin, M. Moritz, C. Hahn, D. A. Morozov, J. Grochowski, A. A. Piskun, Hans Calén, Christoph Hanhart, S. Bodenschatz, J. Tarasiuk, Christian S. Fischer, M. Urban, G. Zhao, T. Sefzick, A. Demekhin, P. Wieczorek, Giovanni Lancioni, Daniel Duda, M. Hoek, A. Akram, S. Ryzhikov, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, E. A. Strokovsky, A. Galoyan, F. Feldbauer, S. Shimanski, A.A. Efremov, Paweł Moskal, H. Peng, G. Kesik, S. Schadmand, B. Kopf, G. Schepers, B. Krusche, J. G. Messchendorp, V. V. Tokmenin, K. Manasatitpong, A. Dbeyssi, M. Fritsch, Witold Przygoda, S. Poslavskiy, Valentino Rigato, A. Khoukaz, M. Kümmel, D. Klostermann, S. Koch, E. A. Kravchenko, M. Sachs, Ayut Limphirat, L. Tomasek, I. K. Keshk, D. Liu, P. P. Natali, A. Gerhardt, H. Qi, I. A. Kuyanov, Patrick Achenbach, Alexander Olshevskiy, W. Alkakhi, N. Kristi, H. H. Leithoff, N. I. Zhuravlev, P. Semenov, V. Rodin, Keval Gandhi, E. Maslova, Xi-Guang Cao, M. Traxler, Herbert Koch, A. Täschner, Grzegorz Korcyl, Krisztian Peters, P. Kulessa, Sinead M. Ryan, F. Schupp, Sean A Dobbs, J. Pochodzalla, M. Himmelreich, S. Chernichenko, O. Noll, T. Triffterer, F. Lisowski, P. Salabura, Krzysztof Swientek, Pawel Marciniewski, D. Veretennikov, W. Lauth, Xuan Zhang, I. Prochazka, D. Prasuhn, Johann Haidenbauer, S. Pflüger, W. Schäfer, A. Golubev, Tobias Stockmanns, S. Bleser, V. Serdyuk, M. Michałek, B. Ketzer, Jerzy Smyrski, S. Bökelmann, V. Freudenreich, A. Ehret, S. Wronka, R. Kappert, Andrey V. Izotov, M. Bukharova, E. Luschevskaya, K. Khosonthongkee, C. Wenzel, M. Pfaffinger, E. Pyata, Ch. Hammann, M. Steinke, A. Fechtchenko, L. Schmitt, Michael Papenbrock, N. Rathod, D. Wölbing, Richard Wheadon, U. Lynen, Andrea Lavagno, M.F.M. Lutz, Bernd Voss, B. Hetz, Daniele Rinaldi, Tomasz Fiutowski, V. Moiseev, Magnus Wolke, V. Varentsov, M. Schmidt, N. Minaev, A. Balashoff, Mohammed Al-Turany, Andrzej Kupsc, P. Orsich, M. Steinacher, M. Finger, I. Augustin, Mathias Fink, P. Terlecki, A. E. Yakutin, R. Beck, Krzysztof Korcyl, Gianangelo Bracco, R. Dosdall, and O. Miklukho

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Hadron, Detector, Strong interaction, 01 natural sciences, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Storage ring
Abstract

The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, provides unique possibilities for a new generation of hadron-, nuclear- and atomic physics experiments. The future antiProton ANnihilations at DArmstadt (PANDA or $$\overline{\mathrm{P}}$$ P ¯ ANDA) experiment at FAIR will offer a broad physics programme, covering different aspects of the strong interaction. Understanding the latter in the non-perturbative regime remains one of the greatest challenges in contemporary physics. The antiproton–nucleon interaction studied with PANDA provides crucial tests in this area. Furthermore, the high-intensity, low-energy domain of PANDA allows for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, e.g. through high precision symmetry tests. This paper takes into account a staged approach for the detector setup and for the delivered luminosity from the accelerator. The available detector setup at the time of the delivery of the first antiproton beams in the HESR storage ring is referred to as the Phase One setup. The physics programme that is achievable during Phase One is outlined in this paper.

Published
2021

19. Study of doubly strange systems using stored antiprotons

Author

B. Singh, W. Erni, B. Krusche, M. Steinacher, N. Walford, B. Liu, H. Liu, Z. Liu, X. Shen, C. Wang, J. Zhao, M. Albrecht, T. Erlen, M. Fink, F. Heinsius, T. Held, T. Holtmann, S. Jasper, I. Keshk, H. Koch, B. Kopf, M. Kuhlmann, M. Kümmel, S. Leiber, M. Mikirtychyants, P. Musiol, A. Mustafa, M. Pelizäus, J. Pychy, M. Richter, C. Schnier, T. Schröder, C. Sowa, M. Steinke, T. Triffterer, U. Wiedner, M. Ball, R. Beck, C. Hammann, B. Ketzer, M. Kube, P. Mahlberg, M. Rossbach, C. Schmidt, R. Schmitz, U. Thoma, M. Urban, D. Walther, C. Wendel, A. Wilson, A. Bianconi, M. Bragadireanu, M. Caprini, D. Pantea, B. Patel, W. Czyzycki, M. Domagala, G. Filo, J. Jaworowski, M. Krawczyk, E. Lisowski, F. Lisowski, M. Michałek, P. Poznański, J. Płażek, K. Korcyl, A. Kozela, P. Kulessa, P. Lebiedowicz, K. Pysz, W. Schäfer, A. Szczurek, T. Fiutowski, M. Idzik, B. Mindur, D. Przyborowski, K. Swientek, J. Biernat, B. Kamys, S. Kistryn, G. Korcyl, W. Krzemien, A. Magiera, P. Moskal, A. Psyzniak, Z. Rudy, P. Salabura, J. Smyrski, P. Strzempek, A. Wronska, I. Augustin, R. Böhm, I. Lehmann, D. Nicmorus Marinescu, L. Schmitt, V. Varentsov, M. Al-Turany, A. Belias, H. Deppe, R. Dzhygadlo, A. Ehret, H. Flemming, A. Gerhardt, K. Götzen, A. Gromliuk, L. Gruber, R. Karabowicz, R. Kliemt, M. Krebs, U. Kurilla, D. Lehmann, S. Löchner, J. Lühning, U. Lynen, H. Orth, M. Patsyuk, K. Peters, T. Saito, G. Schepers, C.J. Schmidt, C. Schwarz, J. Schwiening, A. Täschner, M. Traxler, C. Ugur, B. Voss, P. Wieczorek, A. Wilms, M. Zühlsdorf, V.M. Abazov, G. Alexeev, A. Arefiev, V.I. Astakhov, M.Yu. Barabanov, B.V. Batyunya, Yu.I. Davydov, V.Kh. Dodokhov, A.A. Efremov, A. Fechtchenko, A.G. Fedunov, A. Galoyan, S. Grigoryan, E.K. Koshurnikov, V.I. Lobanov, Y.Yu. Lobanov, A.F. Makarov, L.V. Malinina, V.L. Malyshev, A. Olshevskiy, E. Perevalova, A.A. Piskun, T. Pocheptsov, G. Pontecorvo, V. Rodionov, Y. Rogov, R. Salmin, A. Samartsev, M.G. Sapozhnikov, G. Shabratova, N.B. Skachkov, A.N. Skachkova, E.A. Strokovsky, M. Suleimanov, R. Teshev, V. Tokmenin, V. Uzhinsky, A. Vodopyanov, S.A. Zaporozhets, N.I. Zhuravlev, A.G. Zorin, D. Branford, D. Glazier, D. Watts, M. Böhm, A. Britting, W. Eyrich, A. Lehmann, M. Pfaffinger, F. Uhlig, S. Dobbs, K. Seth, A. Tomaradze, T. Xiao, D. Bettoni, V. Carassiti, A. Cotta Ramusino, P. Dalpiaz, A. Drago, E. Fioravanti, I. Garzia, M. Savriè, V. Akishina, I. Kisel, G. Kozlov, M. Pugach, M. Zyzak, P. Gianotti, C. Guaraldo, V. Lucherini, A. Bersani, G. Bracco, M. Macri, R.F. Parodi, K. Biguenko, K. Brinkmann, V. Di Pietro, S. Diehl, V. Dormenev, P. Drexler, M. Düren, E. Etzelmüller, M. Galuska, E. Gutz, C. Hahn, A. Hayrapetyan, M. Kesselkaul, W. Kühn, T. Kuske, J.S. Lange, Y. Liang, V. Metag, M. Nanova, S. Nazarenko, R. Novotny, T. Quagli, S. Reiter, J. Rieke, C. Rosenbaum, M. Schmidt, R. Schnell, H. Stenzel, U. Thöring, M. Ullrich, M.N. Wagner, T. Wasem, B. Wohlfarth, H. Zaunick, D. Ireland, G. Rosner, B. Seitz, P.N. Deepak, A. Kulkarni, A. Apostolou, M. Babai, M. Kavatsyuk, P. Lemmens, M. Lindemulder, H. Loehner, J. Messchendorp, P. Schakel, H. Smit, M. Tiemens, J.C. van der Weele, R. Veenstra, S. Vejdani, K. Dutta, K. Kalita, A. Kumar, A. Roy, H. Sohlbach, M. Bai, L. Bianchi, M. Büscher, L. Cao, A. Cebulla, R. Dosdall, A. Gillitzer, F. Goldenbaum, D. Grunwald, A. Herten, Q. Hu, G. Kemmerling, H. Kleines, A. Lehrach, R. Nellen, H. Ohm, S. Orfanitski, D. Prasuhn, E. Prencipe, J. Pütz, J. Ritman, S. Schadmand, T. Sefzick, V. Serdyuk, G. Sterzenbach, T. Stockmanns, P. Wintz, P. Wüstner, H. Xu, A. Zambanini, S. Li, Z. Li, Z. Sun, V. Rigato, L. Isaksson, P. Achenbach, O. Corell, A. Denig, M. Distler, M. Hoek, A. Karavdina, W. Lauth, H. Merkel, U. Müller, J. Pochodzalla, S. Schlimme, C. Sfienti, M. Thiel, H. Ahmadi, S. Ahmed, S. Bleser, L. Capozza, M. Cardinali, A. Dbeyssi, M. Deiseroth, F. Feldbauer, M. Fritsch, B. Fröhlich, P. Jasinski, D. Kang, D. Khaneft, R. Klasen, H.H. Leithoff, D. Lin, F. Maas, S. Maldaner, M. Martìnez Rojo, M. Marta, M. Michel, M.C. Mora Espì, C. Morales Morales, C. Motzko, F. Nerling, O. Noll, S. Pflüger, A. Pitka, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, A. Sanchez Lorente, M. Steinen, R. Valente, T. Weber, M. Zambrana, I. Zimmermann, A. Fedorov, M. Korjik, O. Missevitch, A. Boukharov, O. Malyshev, I. Marishev, P. Balanutsa, V. Balanutsa, V. Chernetsky, A. Demekhin, A. Dolgolenko, P. Fedorets, A. Gerasimov, V. Goryachev, V. Chandratre, V. Datar, D. Dutta, V. Jha, H. Kumawat, A.K. Mohanty, A. Parmar, B. Roy, G. Sonika, C. Fritzsch, S. Grieser, A.K. Hergemöller, B. Hetz, N. Hüsken, A. Khoukaz, J.P. Wessels, K. Khosonthongkee, C. Kobdaj, A. Limphirat, P. Srisawad, Y. Yan, M. Barnyakov, A.Yu. Barnyakov, K. Beloborodov, A.E. Blinov, V.E. Blinov, V.S. Bobrovnikov, S. Kononov, E.A. Kravchenko, I.A. Kuyanov, K. Martin, A.P. Onuchin, S. Serednyakov, A. Sokolov, Y. Tikhonov, E. Atomssa, R. Kunne, D. Marchand, B. Ramstein, J. Van de Wiele, Y. Wang, G. Boca, S. Costanza, P. Genova, P. Montagna, A. Rotondi, V. Abramov, N. Belikov, S. Bukreeva, A. Davidenko, A. Derevschikov, Y. Goncharenko, V. Grishin, V. Kachanov, V. Kormilitsin, A. Levin, Y. Melnik, N. Minaev, V. Mochalov, D. Morozov, L. Nogach, S. Poslavskiy, A. Ryazantsev, S. Ryzhikov, P. Semenov, I. Shein, A. Uzunian, A. Vasiliev, A. Yakutin, E. Tomasi-Gustafsson, U. Roy, B. Yabsley, S. Belostotski, G. Gavrilov, A. Izotov, S. Manaenkov, O. Miklukho, D. Veretennikov, A. Zhdanov, K. Makonyi, M. Preston, P. Tegner, D. Wölbing, T. Bäck, B. Cederwall, A.K. Rai, S. Godre, D. Calvo, S. Coli, P. De Remigis, A. Filippi, G. Giraudo, S. Lusso, G. Mazza, M. Mignone, A. Rivetti, R. Wheadon, F. Balestra, F. Iazzi, R. Introzzi, A. Lavagno, J. Olave, A. Amoroso, M.P. Bussa, L. Busso, F. De Mori, M. Destefanis, L. Fava, L. Ferrero, M. Greco, J. Hu, L. Lavezzi, M. Maggiora, G. Maniscalco, S. Marcello, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, R. Birsa, F. Bradamante, A. Bressan, A. Martin, H. Calen, W. Ikegami Andersson, T. Johansson, A. Kupsc, P. Marciniewski, M. Papenbrock, J. Pettersson, K. Schönning, M. Wolke, B. Galnander, J. Diaz, V. Pothodi Chackara, A. Chlopik, G. Kesik, D. Melnychuk, B. Slowinski, A. Trzcinski, M. Wojciechowski, S. Wronka, B. Zwieglinski, P. Bühler, J. Marton, D. Steinschaden, K. Suzuki, E. Widmann, J. Zmeskal, Jürgen Gerl, Ivan Kojouharov, Jasmina Kojouharova, and Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics

Subjects
Particle physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, COLLISIONS, Strong interaction, Nuclear Theory, hyperatoms, Antiprotons, Hyperatoms, Hypernuclei, Strangeness, EXCHANGE CURRENTS, 01 natural sciences, Partícules (Física nuclear), NO, Nuclear physics, Subatomär fysik, Hypemuclei, strangeness, DECUPLET BARYONS, ELECTRIC QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS, 0103 physical sciences, Subatomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, hypernuclei, NUCLEI, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hyperon, Transport theory, DOUBLE-LAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEI, MODEL, OMEGA, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Heavy ion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, antiprotons, INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES, EMULSION
Abstract

Bound nuclear systems with two units of strangeness are still poorly known despite their importance for many strong interaction phenomena. Stored antiprotons beams in the GeV range represent an unparalleled factory for various hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Their outstanding large production probability in antiproton collisions will open the floodgates for a series of new studies of systems which contain two or even more units of strangeness at the PANDA experiment at FAIR. For the first time, high resolution gamma-spectroscopy of doubly strange Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei will be performed, thus complementing measurements of ground state decays of Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei at J-PARC or possible decays of particle unstable hypernuclei in heavy ion reactions. High resolution spectroscopy of multistrange Xi(-) -atoms will be feasible and even the production of Omega(-) -atoms will be within reach. The latter might open the door to the vertical bar S vertical bar = 3 world in strangeness nuclear physics, by the study of the hadronic Omega(-) -nucleus interaction. For the first time it will be possible to study the behavior of Xi(+) in nuclear systems under well controlled conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2016
Full Text
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20. Technical design report for the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ Barrel DIRC detector

Author

B Singh, W Erni, B Krusche, M Steinacher, N Walford, B Liu, H Liu, Z Liu, X Shen, C Wang, J Zhao, M Albrecht, T Erlen, F Feldbauer, M Fink, M Fritsch, J Haase, F H Heinsius, T Held, T Holtmann, I Keshk, H Koch, B Kopf, M Kuhlmann, M Kümmel, S Leiber, M Mikirtychyants, P Musiol, A Mustafa, M Pelizäus, A Pitka, J Pychy, M Richter, C Schnier, T Schröder, C Sowa, M Steinke, T Triffterer, U Wiedner, M Ball, R Beck, C Hammann, B Ketzer, M Kube, P Mahlberg, M Rossbach, C Schmidt, R Schmitz, U Thoma, M Urban, D Walther, C Wendel, A Wilson, A Bianconi, M Bragadireanu, D Pantea, B Patel, W Czyzycki, M Domagala, G Filo, J Jaworowski, M Krawczyk, E Lisowski, F Lisowski, M Michałek, P Poznański, J Płażek, K Korcyl, A Kozela, P Kulessa, P Lebiedowicz, K Pysz, W Schäfer, A Szczurek, T Fiutowski, M Idzik, B Mindur, K Swientek, J Biernat, B Kamys, S Kistryn, G Korcyl, W Krzemien, A Magiera, P Moskal, A Pyszniak, Z Rudy, P Salabura, J Smyrski, P Strzempek, A Wronska, I Augustin, R Böhm, I Lehmann, D Nicmorus Marinescu, L Schmitt, V Varentsov, A Ali, M Al-Turany, A Belias, H Deppe, N Divani Veis, R Dzhygadlo, H Flemming, A Gerhardt, K Götzen, A Gromliuk, L Gruber, R Hohler, G Kalicy, R Karabowicz, R Kliemt, M Krebs, U Kurilla, D Lehmann, S Löchner, J Lühning, U Lynen, F Nerling, H Orth, M Patsyuk, K Peters, T Saito, G Schepers, C J Schmidt, C Schwarz, J Schwiening, A Täschner, M Traxler, C Ugur, B Voss, P Wieczorek, A Wilms, M Zühlsdorf, V Abazov, G Alexeev, V A Arefiev, V Astakhov, M Yu Barabanov, B V Batyunya, Y Davydov, V Kh Dodokhov, A Efremov, A Fechtchenko, A G Fedunov, A Galoyan, S Grigoryan, E K Koshurnikov, Y Yu Lobanov, V I Lobanov, A F Makarov, L V Malinina, V Malyshev, A G Olshevskiy, E Perevalova, A A Piskun, T Pocheptsov, G Pontecorvo, V Rodionov, Y Rogov, R Salmin, A Samartsev, M G Sapozhnikov, G Shabratova, N B Skachkov, A N Skachkova, E A Strokovsky, M Suleimanov, R Teshev, V Tokmenin, V Uzhinsky, A Vodopianov, S A Zaporozhets, N I Zhuravlev, A Zinchenko, D Branford, D Glazier, D Watts, M Böhm, A Britting, W Eyrich, A Lehmann, M Pfaffinger, F Uhlig, S Dobbs, K Seth, A Tomaradze, T Xiao, D Bettoni, V Carassiti, A Cotta Ramusino, P Dalpiaz, A Drago, E Fioravanti, I Garzia, M Savrie, V Akishina, S Gorbunov, I Kisel, G Kozlov, M Pugach, M Zyzak, P Gianotti, C Guaraldo, V Lucherini, A Bersani, G Bracco, M Macri, R F Parodi, K Biguenko, K T Brinkmann, V Di Pietro, S Diehl, V Dormenev, M Düren, E Etzelmüller, K Föhl, M Galuska, E Gutz, C Hahn, A Hayrapetyan, M Kesselkaul, K Kreutzfeldt, W Kühn, T Kuske, J S Lange, Y Liang, V Metag, M Moritz, M Nanova, R Novotny, T Quagli, S Reiter, A Riccardi, J Rieke, C Rosenbaum, M Schmidt, R Schnell, H Stenzel, U Thöring, M N Wagner, T Wasem, B Wohlfahrt, H G Zaunick, E Tomasi-Gustafsson, D Ireland, G Rosner, B Seitz, P N Deepak, A Kulkarni, A Apostolou, M Babai, M Kavatsyuk, P J Lemmens, M Lindemulder, H Loehner, J Messchendorp, P Schakel, H Smit, M Tiemens, J C van der Weele, R Veenstra, S Vejdani, K Dutta, K Kalita, A Kumar, A Roy, H Sohlbach, M Bai, L Bianchi, M Büscher, L Cao, A Cebulla, R Dosdall, A Erven, V Fracassi, A Gillitzer, F Goldenbaum, D Grunwald, A Herten, Q Hu, L Jokhovets, G Kemmerling, H Kleines, A Lai, A Lehrach, R Nellen, H Ohm, S Orfanitski, D Prasuhn, E Prencipe, J Pütz, J Ritman, E Rosenthal, S Schadmand, T Sefzick, V Serdyuk, G Sterzenbach, T Stockmanns, P Wintz, P Wüstner, H Xu, S Li, Z Li, Z Sun, V Rigato, L Isaksson, P Achenbach, A Aycock, O Corell, A Denig, M Distler, M Hoek, A Karavdina, W Lauth, H Merkel, U Müller, J Pochodzalla, S Sanchez, S Schlimme, C Sfienti, M Thiel, H Ahmadi, null S Ahmed, S Bleser, L Capozza, M Cardinali, A Dbeyssi, M Deiseroth, A Ehret, B Fröhlich, D Kang, D Khaneft, R Klasen, H H Leithoff, D Lin, F Maas, S Maldaner, M Martínez, M Michel, M C Mora Espí, C Morales Morales, C Motzko, O Noll, S Pflüger, D Rodríguez Piñeiro, A Sanchez-Lorente, M Steinen, R Valente, M Zambrana, I Zimmermann, A Fedorov, M Korjik, O Missevitch, A Balashoff, A Boukharov, O Malyshev, I Marishev, P Balanutsa, V Balanutsa, V Chernetsky, A Demekhin, A Dolgolenko, P Fedorets, A Gerasimov, V Goryachev, V Chandratre, V Datar, D Dutta, V Jha, H Kumawat, A K Mohanty, A Parmar, A K Rai, B Roy, G Sonika, C Fritzsch, S Grieser, A K Hergemöller, B Hetz, N Hüsken, A Khoukaz, J P Wessels, K Khosonthongkee, C Kobdaj, A Limphirat, P Srisawad, Y Yan, E Antokhin, A Yu Barnyakov, M Barnyakov, K Beloborodov, V E Blinov, V S Bobrovnikov, I A Kuyanov, K Martin, A P Onuchin, S Pivovarov, E Pyata, S Serednyakov, A Sokolov, Y Tikhonov, A E Blinov, S Kononov, E A Kravchenko, E Atomssa, R Kunne, D Marchand, B Ramstein, J van de Wiele, Y Wang, G Boca, S Costanza, P Genova, P Montagna, A Rotondi, M Bodlak, M Finger, A Nikolovova, M Pesek, M Peskova, M Pfeffer, I Prochazka, M Slunecka, P Gallus, V Jary, J Novy, M Tomasek, M Virius, V Vrba, V Abramov, N Belikov, S Bukreeva, A Davidenko, A Derevschikov, Y Goncharenko, V Grishin, V Kachanov, V Kormilitsin, A Levin, Y Melnik, N Minaev, V Mochalov, D Morozov, L Nogach, S Poslavskiy, A Ryazantsev, S Ryzhikov, P Semenov, I Shein, A Uzunian, A Vasiliev, A Yakutin, U Roy, B Yabsley, S Belostotski, G Gavrilov, A Izotov, S Manaenkov, O Miklukho, D Veretennikov, A Zhdanov, K Makonyi, M Preston, P E Tegner, D Wölbing, T Bäck, B Cederwall, S Godre, F Balestra, F Iazzi, R Introzzi, A Lavagno, J Olave, A Amoroso, M P Bussa, L Busso, M Destefanis, L Fava, L Ferrero, M Greco, J Hu, L Lavezzi, M Maggiora, G Maniscalco, S Marcello, S Sosio, S Spataro, D Calvo, S Coli, P De Remigis, A Filippi, G Giraudo, S Lusso, G Mazza, M Mignone, A Rivetti, R Wheadon, R Birsa, F Bradamante, A Bressan, A Martin, H Calen, W Ikegami Andersson, T Johansson, A Kupsc, P Marciniewski, M Papenbrock, J Pettersson, K Schönning, M Wolke, B Galnander, J Diaz, V Pothodi Chackara, A Chlopik, G Kesik, D Melnychuk, B Slowinski, A Trzcinski, M Wojciechowski, S Wronka, B Zwieglinski, P Bühler, J Marton, D Steinschaden, K Suzuki, E Widmann, S Zimmermann, and J Zmeskal

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Detector, Barrel (horology), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, Particle identification, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ (anti-Proton ANnihiliation at DArmstadt) experiment will be one of the four flagship experiments at the new international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ will address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using high-intensity cooled antiproton beams with momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c and a design luminosity of up to 2 × 1032 cm−2 s−1. Excellent particle identification (PID) is crucial to the success of the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ physics program. Hadronic PID in the barrel region of the target spectrometer will be performed by a fast and compact Cherenkov counter using the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) technology. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 22° to 140° and will provide at least 3 standard deviations (s.d.) π/K separation up to 3.5 GeV/c, matching the expected upper limit of the final state kaon momentum distribution from simulation. This documents describes the technical design and the expected performance of the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ Barrel DIRC detector. The design is based on the successful BaBar DIRC with several key improvements. The performance and system cost were optimized in detailed detector simulations and validated with full system prototypes using particle beams at GSI and CERN. The final design meets or exceeds the PID goal of clean π/K separation with at least 3 s.d. over the entire phase space of charged kaons in the Barrel DIRC.

Published
2019
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21. On the sunny side of (new) life: Effect of sunshine duration on age at first reproduction in Japanese macaques ( Macaca fuscata )

Author

Anja Böck, Katharina E. Pink, Michael A. Huffman, Lena S. Pflüger, and Bernard Wallner

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, meteorological conditions, reproductive timing, Offspring, media_common.quotation_subject, Fertility, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Macaca fuscata, puberty onset, visual_art.visual_artist, Sunbathing, biology.animal, Animals, Sexual maturity, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Weather, Research Articles, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, biology, Reproduction, 05 social sciences, sexual maturation, Japanese macaque, sunbathing, Austria, visual_art, Sunshine duration, Sunlight, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Sex ratio, Research Article, Demography
Abstract

To produce offspring early in life is energetically demanding and depends greatly on environmental conditions. In female primates, age at first reproduction (AFR) has been associated with social parameters (e.g., population density and social rank), food availability and meteorological conditions (e.g., photoperiod, rainfall patterns, and temperature). Regarding the latter, less attention has been given to the influence of sunshine. In nonhuman primates, including the northern‐most distributed Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata), sunbathing is an effective thermoregulatory strategy to maintain sufficient energy intake during harsh winter months. Furthermore, the energetic value of sunshine and its role in the synthesis of essential vitamins important for sexual development and overall fertility is well investigated using human and animal models. In the present study, we hypothesized that female's AFR is influenced by the amount of sunshine in a semi‐free‐ranging, provisioned a group of Japanese macaques. To test this, we gathered data on sunshine duration in the year females theoretically experienced the onset of puberty. This phase of the female life cycle is particularly prone to the effects of environmental conditions. In addition to the investigation of sunshine duration and other meteorological conditions (i.e., rainfall and temperature) we controlled for social parameters (i.e., group size and sex ratio) as potential covariates. We found a clear effect of sunshine duration on female AFR: Females who entered puberty in years with more sunshine reproduced for the first time at significantly younger ages than females who experienced less sunshine during this specific period of their development. Possible mechanisms for how the sunshine influences sexual maturation in Japanese macaques are discussed., Research highlights We investigated the influence of sunshine during the year of puberty onset on a female's age at first reproduction (AFR). We used 20 years of birth data from a semi‐free‐ranging group of Japanese macaques and meteorological data provided online by local weather stations We controlled for the influence of other meteorological conditions as well as for group size and socionomic sex ratio Higher mean sunshine duration in the year of puberty onset significantly decreased females’ AFR.

Published
2019
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22. Feasibility study for the measurement of πN transition distribution amplitudes at P¯ANDA in p¯p→J/ψπ0

Author

Tristan Weber, Michaela Thiel, T. Wasem, J. Schwiening, M. Kube, R. Schmitz, D. Lehmann, A. Trzcinski, A. Amoroso, A.A. Efremov, Alexander Olshevskiy, R. Klasen, Herbert Koch, M. Maggiora, A. Dbeyssi, Dipanwita Dutta, F. E. Maas, A. Chlopik, E. Etzelmüller, P. Wintz, V. Lucherini, P. Schakel, P. De Remigis, Krzysztof Swientek, G.S. Shabratova, H. Deppe, Angelo Rivetti, Riccardo Introzzi, K. Dutta, P. Wieczorek, V. M. Datar, W. Lauth, E. A. Strokovsky, L. Busso, M. Hoek, F. Balestra, G. Maniscalco, D. Khaneft, R. Schnell, S. Vejdani, N. G. Minaev, V. Chernetsky, B. Seitz, U. Thoma, K. K. Seth, Mario Bragadireanu, Amiran Tomaradze, B. Fröhlich, S. Pflüger, Valentino Rigato, Franco Bradamante, I. A. Kuyanov, E. Gutz, V. M. Abazov, D. P. Watts, Lennart Isaksson, M. Albrecht, V. Arefiev, T. Schröder, B. Singh, G. Sonika, A. Fechtchenko, C. Rosenbaum, L. Schmitt, Bernd Voss, B. Hetz, S. Sanchez, Magnus Wolke, S.A. Zaporozhets, A. Filippi, S. Coli, Bhavin Patel, A. Khoukaz, Markus Ball, A. Pitka, Krisztian Peters, B. Ramstein, K. Khosonthongkee, M. Pfaffinger, Torbjörn Bäck, D. Veretennikov, J. Pütz, R.A. Salmin, P. Balanutsa, B. J. Liu, A. Hayrapetyan, Chinorat Kobdaj, R. W. Novotny, P. Genova, W. Kühn, P. F. Dalpiaz, S. Belostotski, Ulrich Wiedner, A.S. Vodopianov, Yu.N. Rogov, Wojciech Krzemien, M. Wojciechowski, T. Erlen, Giuseppe Giraudo, B. Zwieglinski, H. Smit, E. Prencipe, J. Jaworowski, R.A. Kunne, S. Lusso, A.G. Fedunov, P. Musiol, C. Schnier, Yan Liang, H. Ohm, Paolo Montagna, A. Karavdina, G. Mazza, N. K. Walford, G. Boca, Boris Batyunya, M. Zyzak, V. Varentsov, M. Kuhlmann, M. Zühlsdorf, V. V. Tokmenin, G. Sterzenbach, M. Tiemens, Stanisław Kistryn, A. Kumar, Alessandro Bressan, F. Lisowski, Paul Alois Buhler, V. Carassiti, D. Prasuhn, M. Zambrana, R. Dzhygadlo, J. Lühning, M.K. Suleimanov, O. Noll, P. Salabura, M. Patsyuk, Christian Schmidt, Johann Zmeskal, M. Barnyakov, A. A. Piskun, F. Feldbauer, Susanna Costanza, Zbigniew Rudy, V. E. Blinov, F. De Mori, Alexander D. Vasiliev, V. Metag, C. Sfienti, Utpal Roy, E. Perevalova, M. Cardinali, R. Birsa, R. Teshev, Aleksandra Wrońska, Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson, F. Uhlig, K. Pysz, T. Sefzick, M. Steinen, V.B. Chandratre, M. Krebs, Matthias Richter, J. P. Wessels, W. Schäfer, M. Fritsch, M. Korjik, J. Rieke, Andreas Lehrach, M. Kavatsyuk, A. Kulkarni, R. F. Parodi, R. Karabowicz, A. Sanchez-Lorente, T.A. Pocheptsov, Valery Dormenev, A. Magiera, H. Flemming, Vassili Kachanov, K. Kalita, W. Erni, P. Poznański, T. Holtmann, O. Miklukho, J. Pychy, S. Bleser, Yu. Yu. Lobanov, Zhiqing Liu, T. Quagli, D. Branford, O. Corell, Konstantin Beloborodov, Dirk Grunwald, Jize Zhao, R. Böhm, L. Capozza, L. Ferrero, A. K. Hergemöller, T. Held, Mario Greco, A. Wilms, Alessandro Drago, I. Augustin, Mathias Fink, A. E. Yakutin, N. Belikov, D. I. Glazier, Sergey Nazarenko, D. Kang, A. Boukharov, M. Kesselkaul, V. Abramov, A. N. Skachkova, S. Bukreeva, U. Thöring, Hans-Georg Zaunick, A. Ryazantsev, S. Marcello, C. Guaraldo, V. Pothodi Chackara, K. Makonyi, A.I. Zinchenko, S. Ryzhikov, S. Orfanitski, Edward Lisowski, K. A. Martin, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, L. Lavezzi, Kirill M. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, S.A. Kononov, L. Gruber, Grzegorz Filo, M. Domagala, L. Cao, V. Di Pietro, S. Grieser, B. Ketzer, S. Schlimme, Marten Ole Schmidt, Alberto Rotondi, M. Michel, C. Schwarz, S. I. Manaenkov, E. A. Kravchenko, R. Beck, A. Gillitzer, Krzysztof Korcyl, B. Slowinski, G. Kesik, Felice Iazzi, U. Müller, D. Calvo, B. Krusche, C. Wang, M. Steinke, A. Gerhardt, V. L. Malyshev, I. Marishev, E. Widmann, Gianangelo Bracco, Harald Kleines, N. I. Zhuravlev, A. Lehmann, D. Nicmorus Marinescu, Patrick Achenbach, A. Apostolou, D. Walther, Johann Marton, C. Sowa, T. Saito, R. Dosdall, Ayut Limphirat, A. Belias, Dan Pantea, A. Täschner, A. Mustafa, D. Marchand, P. Kulessa, M. Galuska, C. Ugur, W. Ikegami Andersson, M. Savrie, C. Hammann, J. C. van der Weele, D. Wölbing, G.B. Pontecorvo, Vivekanand Jha, Hasko Stenzel, D. Przyborowski, P. Drexler, Antoni Szczurek, Tord Johansson, A. Gerasimov, T. Triffterer, A. Britting, S. Ahmed, Mihai Caprini, W. Eyrich, A. Kozela, V. Grishin, O. Malyshev, U. Kurilla, Yupeng Yan, H. Sohlbach, S. Leiber, P. Strzempek, X. Y. Shen, V. V. Mochalov, M. I. Martínez, U. Lynen, I. Lehmann, M. Bai, A. A. Zhdanov, M. Preston, M. Urban, M. Mikirtychyants, I. K. Keshk, Andrea Lavagno, Grzegorz Korcyl, H. Ahmadi, J. Biernat, A. Lai, M. Traxler, Richard Wheadon, M. Pelizäus, A. Cotta Ramusino, D. Rodríguez Piñeiro, Markus Büscher, R. Kliemt, M. M. Macri, V. Kormilitsin, A. Yu. Barnyakov, Z. Li, Ivan Kisel, Arpit Parmar, Tomasz Fiutowski, C. Schmidt, C. Morales Morales, J. Płażek, Michael Düren, Z. J. Sun, H. Loehner, M. Pugach, P. Fedorets, K. Suzuki, A. P. Onuchin, E. Fioravanti, Andrea Bianconi, B. Ma, Yu.M. Mel'nik, M. Deiseroth, F. H. Heinsius, D. G. Ireland, J. S. Lange, Anne-Laure Martin, B. Wohlfahrt, H. Xu, J. Van de Wiele, P. N. Deepak, D. A. Morozov, N. Hüsken, Livio Bianchi, Günter Kemmerling, S. Löchner, B. Galnander, Jifeng Hu, N. B. Skachkov, G. D. Alexeev, T. Ullrich, I. Zimmermann, B. J. Roy, E.K. Koshurnikov, D. Steinschaden, M. Michałek, Bruce Yabsley, M. N. Wagner, S. Wronka, Smbat Grigoryan, Paola Gianotti, Andrey V. Izotov, T. Kuske, S. C. Li, A. G. Zorin, A. Davidenko, M. Lindemulder, V. Astakhov, Andreas Herten, V.I. Lobanov, V.Kh. Dodokhov, Oleg V. Missevitch, Y. Wang, C. Hahn, A. Pyszniak, M.G. Sapozhnikov, L. V. Malinina, Andrey Uzunian, Andrei Fedorov, H. Orth, A. Ehret, Alastair J. Wilson, L. V. Nogach, R. Nellen, Hans Calén, I. Garzia, A.F. Makarov, Harphool Kumawat, S. I. Serednyakov, A. Galoyan, Paweł Moskal, Karin Schönning, W. Czyzycki, J. G. Messchendorp, A. Riccardi, M. Kümmel, A. Sokolov, Maria Krawczyk, Ting Xiao, S. Godre, A. G. Denig, Marek Idzik, M. O. Distler, Frank Goldenbaum, P. Srisawad, G. Kozlov, K. Biguenko, P.J.J. Lemmens, S. Spataro, M. Yu. Barabanov, S. Maldaner, A. Zambanini, Ajay Kumar Rai, I. Shein, M. Böhm, M. Rossbach, A. Demekhin, Yury Tikhonov, A. A. Derevschikov, C. Fritzsch, M. Babai, J. S. Díaz, V. K. Rodionov, A. E. Blinov, A. Cebulla, S. Reiter, A. Samartsev, Bartosz Mindur, V. N. Goryachev, H. B. Liu, B. Kopf, E. Atomssa, C. Wendel, Sean A Dobbs, J. Pochodzalla, Yu.I. Davydov, Genady Gavrilov, Andrew Levin, M.P. Bussa, G. Rosner, S. Jasper, Ankhi Roy, J. Olave, A. Bersani, Bo Cederwall, K. Götzen, B. Kamys, P. Wüstner, Piotr Lebiedowicz, D. Bettoni, A. Dolgolenko, P.-E. Tegnér, Mariana Nanova, D. Melnychuk, V. Akishina, P. A. Semenov, V. Balanutsa, P. Mahlberg, H. Leithoff, Victor Bobrovnikov, M. Papenbrock, L. Fava, R. Valente, R. Veenstra, C. Motzko, K.-T. Brinkmann, F. Nerling, V. Uzhinsky, Harald Merkel, M. Destefanis, D. Lin, Y.M. Goncharenko, M. C. Mora Espí, N. Divani Veis, Pawel Marciniewski, Mohammed Al-Turany, Q. Hu, Andrzej Kupsc, M. Steinacher, Tobias Stockmanns, J. Ritman, S. Diehl, V. Serdyuk, Jerzy Smyrski, A. Gromliuk, M. Mignone, M. Moritz, S. Sosio, S. Schadmand, G. Schepers, S. Poslavskiy, and Joachim Pettersson

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Annihilation, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Factorization, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Bar (unit)
Abstract

The exclusive charmonium production process in (P) over barp annihilation with an associated pi 0 meson (p) over barp -> J/psi pi(0) is studied in the framework of QCD collinear factorization. The feasibility of measuring this reaction through the J/psi -> e(+) e(-) decay channel with the AntiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt ((P) over bar ANDA) experiment is investigated. Simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as the background rejection from various sources including the (P) over barp -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and (p) over barp -> J/psi pi(0)pi(0) reactions are performed with PANDAROOT, the simulation and analysis software framework of the (P) over bar ANDA experiment. It is shown that the measurement can be done at (P) over bar ANDA with significant constraining power under the assumption of an integrated luminosity attainable in four to five months of data taking at the maximum design luminosity.

Published
2017
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23. Colour and contrast of female faces: attraction of attention and its dependence on male hormone status in Macaca fuscata

Author

Ulrich Ansorge, Bernard Wallner, Christian Valuch, Lena S. Pflüger, and Daria R. Gutleb

Subjects
Future studies, genetic structures, Physiology, Stimulus (physiology), Biology, Attraction, Developmental psychology, Natural range, Seasonal breeder, Sexual communication, Animal Science and Zoology, Colour contrast, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Hormone
Abstract

Colour signals play a major role in social and sexual communication in a broad range of animal species. Previous studies on nonhuman primates showed that intense female skin coloration attracts male attention. We investigated (1) whether sexually active male Japanese macaques are attracted by intensely coloured female skin, (2) whether a preference for intense skin coloration results from the increased colour contrast between the skin area and its surroundings irrespective of the red chromaticity, and (3) whether the endocrine status of sexually active males affects their attentional selectivity (or preference) for salient female sexual skin coloration. We conducted two behavioural experiments in two consecutive mating seasons. First, we presented two female face images coloured in a natural range of red skin coloration on monitors. Second, we presented the same faces dissociated from the red chromaticity while maintaining their initial colour contrast properties. In both experiments we analysed male selective visual attention and approaches as a function of stimulus type. Faecal samples were collected after each experiment to analyse focal males' cortisol and testosterone excretion rates. We found that female facial skin coloration triggered selective behaviour in social-living male Japanese macaques. Variances in colour contrast also triggered males' selective orienting towards an intensely coloured face image but the red chromaticity remained essential to induce prolonged male interest. Furthermore, elevated cortisol facilitated male preferences for the intensely coloured female faces, sociosexual stimuli that are presumably highly relevant during the mating season. Future studies may pursue the principle of colour contrast in male attentional behaviour with respect to subtle colour changes expressed by females throughout the reproductive cycle. Cortisol-related physiological processes should be considered in studies on mating-relevant selective attention.

Published
2014
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24. Cues to fertility: perceived attractiveness and facial shape predict reproductive success

Author

Karl Grammer, Lena S. Pflüger, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Stanislav Katina, and Iris J Holzleitner

Subjects
Attractiveness, Reproductive success, media_common.quotation_subject, Physical attractiveness, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Fertility, Fluctuating asymmetry, Developmental psychology, stomatognathic diseases, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mate choice, Face perception, Young adult, Psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common
Abstract

Attractive facial features in women are assumed to signal fertility, but whether facial attractiveness predicts reproductive success in women is still a matter of debate. We investigated the association between facial attractiveness at young adulthood and reproductive life history—number of children and pregnancies—in women of a rural community. For the analysis of reproductive success, we divided the sample into women who used contraceptives and women who did not. Introducing two-dimensional geometric morphometric methodology, we analysed which specific characteristics in facial shape drive the assessment of attractiveness and covary with lifetime reproductive success. A set of 93 (semi)landmarks was digitized as two-dimensional coordinates in postmenopausal faces. We calculated the degree of fluctuating asymmetry and regressed facial shape on facial attractiveness at youth and reproductive success. Among women who never used hormonal contraceptives, we found attractive women to have more biological offspring than less attractive women. These findings are not affected by sociodemographic variables. Postmenopausal faces corresponding to high reproductive success show more feminine features—facial characteristics previously assumed to be honest cues to fertility. Our findings support the notion that facial attractiveness at the age of mate choice predicts reproductive success and that facial attractiveness is based on facial characteristics, which seem to remain stable until postmenopausal age.

Published
2012
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25. The sound of female shape: a redundant signal of vocal and facial attractiveness

Author

Karl Grammer, Lena S. Pflüger, Michael Coquerelle, Peter Abend, and Markus Koppensteiner

Subjects
Attractiveness, medicine.medical_specialty, Landmark, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Audiology, Fluctuating asymmetry, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mate choice, Face (geometry), medicine, Facial attractiveness, Psychology, Social psychology, Sensory cue, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

© 2015 Elsevier Inc. There is more to female attractiveness than a pretty face. Human mate choice decisions are guided by different cues, which in combination may give a better estimate of a general condition. We hypothesized that such signal redundancy might be true for vocal and visual cues of human female attractiveness. To test this we used photographs of women's faces, recorded their voices and asked men to rate both types of stimuli on attractiveness. We found a significant relationship between males' ratings of female faces and voices. Moreover, low levels of fluctuating asymmetry of women's bodies and faces were associated with high ratings on facial and vocal attractiveness. Applying the Geometric Morphometric Methodology we performed a multivariate regression analysis of attractiveness ratings with landmark data obtained from women's faces. We found similar facial shape changes for ratings of facial and vocal attractiveness that are both negatively related to facial and body FA. Findings suggest that females with an attractive face also tend to have an attractive voice and that this redundant information is reflected in female facial shape.

Published
2015

27. Allelic variation of the COMT gene in a despotic primate society: A haplotype is related to cortisol excretion in Macaca fuscata

Author

Ralf Steinborn, Martin Hofer, Bernard Wallner, Martin Fieder, Lena S. Pflüger, and Daria R. Gutleb

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Genotype, Hydrocortisone, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Hierarchy, Social, Biology, Catechol O-Methyltransferase, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Endocrinology, Polymorphism (computer science), medicine, Animals, Humans, Allele, Genotyping, Alleles, Genetics, Catechol-O-methyl transferase, Behavior, Animal, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Aggression, Haplotype, 030104 developmental biology, Haplotypes, Macaca, medicine.symptom, Adaptation
Abstract

Sequence variations in genes of the monoamine neurotransmitter system and their common function in human and non-human primate species are an ongoing issue of investigation. However, the COMT gene, coding for the catechol-O-methyltransferase, has not yet attracted much scientific attention regarding its functional role in non-human primates. Considering that a polymorphism of the human COMT gene affects the enzyme activity and cortisol level in response to a social stressor, this study investigated the impact of COMT on endocrine stress and behavioural parameters in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). The species exemplifies a despotic hierarchy in which males' social rank positions require an adaptation of behaviour strategies. During the mating period steroid secretion and the frequency of aggressive encounters between males increase. We addressed i) whether this species exhibits potential functional COMT variants, ii) whether these variants are associated with faecal cortisol excretion of males, iii) how they are distributed among different social rank positions and iv) whether they are associated with behavioural strategies during times of mate competition. By genotyping 26 males we identified three COMT haplotypes (HT), including a putative splice mutant (HT3). This variant was associated with increased cortisol excretion. Given the observed inverse correlation between cortisol and physical aggression, we assume that different COMT haplotypes may predispose individuals to pursue more or less aggressive strategies. How these gene-stress effects might favour a specific social role is discussed. Our study of non-invasive genotyping in combination with behavioural and endocrine parameters represents an important step towards the understanding of gene-stress effects in a hierarchically organised primate society.

Published
2015

28. Effekte von Fraktionierung und Dosisleistung bei der PDR-Brachytherapie von B14-Zellen

Author

Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland, Michael Heinrich Seegenschmiedt, Rolf Sauer, S. Pflüger, Michael Lotter, Ludwig Keilholz, and J. von Erffa

Subjects
Oncology, business.industry, Low dose, Radiation dose, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Nuclear medicine, business, Biological effect
Abstract

Bisherige Untersuchungen an verschiedenen Zellinien zeigen eine biologische Aquivalenz von kontinuierlicher Low-dose-rate-Brachytherapie (LDR-BT) und Bestrahlungen im Pulsed-dose-rate-Verfahren (PDR-BT) bei Verwendung kleiner Pulsdosen. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, unter praxisnahen Bedingungen in einem In-vitro-Modell die biologischen Effekte von unterschiedlichen Pulsdosen und „Pulsdosisleistungen” bei der PDR-BT zu untersuchen. Verwendung fanden Zellen der Linie Hy B14 FAF 28. peritoneale Fibroblasten des chinesischen Hamsters (B14-Zellen) mit einer Verdopplungszeit von 12 bis 14 h. Diese wurden in einem Abstand von 9 mm zur Strahlenquelle im PDR-Verfahren bestrahlt. Die Pulsdosen betrugen 1 Gy, 2,5 Gy und 5 Gy, die Gesamtdosis 5 Gy/5 h, 10 Gy/10 h, 20 Gy/20 h und 30 Gy/30 h bei einer Dosisleistung wahrend des Pulses von 200 bis 300 cGy/h. Der Dosisleistungseffekt wurde bei 1 Gy/Puls und einer Gesamtdosis von 20 Gy durchgefuhrt, die in einer Behandlungszeit von 20 h eingestrahlt wurden. Die Pulsdauern betrugen 20 min, 30 min oder 52 min entsprechend einer Pulsdosisleistung von 300 cGy/h, 200 cGy/h oder 115 cGy/h. Erfast wurde das Zelluberleben im Vitalfarbetest sowie im Koloniebildungstest. Im Bereich von 200 bis 300 cGy/h war die biologische Wirkung der Pulsdosis 5 Gy groser als nach 1 Gy bzw. 2.5 Gy/Puls. Die Veranderung der Pulsdosisleistung von 300 cGy/h auf 200 cGy/h oder 115 cGy/h lies bei 20 Pulsen von ie 1 Gy keine Unterschiede in der biologischen Wirkung erkennen. Die radiobiologischen Effekte bei der Brachytherapie im PDR-Verfahren sind abhangig von der Dosis pro Puls. Die Unterschiede konnten bei dem hier verwendeten Versuchsaufbau erst bei einer Pulsdosis von mehr als 2,5 Gy nachgewiesen werden.

Published
1998
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29. Deposition of gold on polyimide from solutions

Author

F. Jansen, S. Pflüger, F. Lupp, M. Wehner, and Th. Kruck

Subjects
Argon, business.industry, Chemistry, Open-circuit voltage, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Adhesion, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, law.invention, Optics, law, Optoelectronics, business, Laser processing, Deposition (law), Polyimide
Abstract

Laser-assisted deposition of gold is investigated as a technique for structured metallization of PI. Gold lines are written from MeAuPMe 3 dissolved in toluene or DME by means of an argon laser. The writing speed of the laser process typically is 1 mm/s for traces of 200 nm thickness. The height of the gold lines can be further increased by multiple scanning. Fixing of open circuit defects on wiring boards is feasible by repeated laser processing, where gold lines in a thickness of some microns can be written. The adhesion of the lines is sufficient to pass the usual tape test.

Published
1995
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31. Offline Software for the PANDA Luminosity Detector

Author

Anastasia Karavdina, C Motzko, P Jasinski, A Denig, S Pflüger, M Michel, H Leithoff, M Fritsch, T Weber, and F Feldbauer

Subjects
Physics, Elastic scattering, History, Luminosity (scattering theory), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Track (disk drive), Monte Carlo method, Real-time computing, Detector, Tracking system, Computer Science Applications, Education, Software, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, business, Simulation
Abstract

In 2018 data taking for hadronphysics facility PANDA is planned to commence. It will be build at the antiproton accelerator HESR, which itself is a part of the FAIR complex (GSI, Darmstadt, Germany). The luminosity at PANDA will be measured by a dedicated sub-detector, which will register scattered antiproton tracks from pp elastic scattering. From a software point of view, the Luminosity Detector is a tracking system. Therefore the most of its offline software parts are typical for a track reconstruction. The basic concept and Monte Carlo based performance studies of each reconstruction step is presented in this paper.

Published
2014
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32. [Effects of fractionation and dose rate in PDR brachytherapy of B14 cells]

Author

L, Keilholz, M H, Seegenschmiedt, M, Lotter, R, Schulz-Wendtland, J, von Erffa, S, Pflüger, and R, Sauer

Subjects
Cricetulus, Time Factors, Cell Survival, Cricetinae, Brachytherapy, Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Radiotherapy Dosage, Dose Fractionation, Radiation, Fibroblasts, Cell Line
Abstract

Present radiobiological studies for different cell lines in vitro demonstrate the equivalence and efficacy of continuous low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) and pulsed dose rate brachytherapy (PDR-BT) when using small and frequent dose pulses. The aim of this study was to examine monolayer fibroblast cultures in vitro to examine the biological effects of different pulse doses and dose rates under clinically conditions.B14 cells, Hy B14 FAF 28, peritoneal fibroblasts, were cultured in multi-well plates and exposed to a PDR radiation source at a distance of 9 mm. The following PDR-schemes were compared: dose per pulse: 1 Gy, 2.5 Gy and 5 Gy to a total dose of 5 Gy/5 h (overall time), 10 Gy/10 h, 20 Gy/20 h and 30 Gy/30 h. The pulse duration for the examination of dose rate effects was 20 min, 30 min or 52 min corresponding by dye pulse dose rate of 300 cGy/h, 200 cGy/h or 115 cGy/h. Treatment endpoints were cell measured by dye exclusion test and clonogenic cell survival.Cell survival decreased for pulse doses of 5 Gy compared to 2.5 Gy or 1 Gy per pulse (mean dose rate 200 to 300 cGy/h). No differences were observed with dose rates during irradiation of 300 cGy/h, 200 cGy/h or 115 cGy/h (20 Gy/1 Gy).Radiobiological effects of PDR-RT are dependent on the dose per pulse, with differences in biological effects only with a dose per pulse of more than 2.5 Gy, considering the described in-vitro conditions. More examinations with a more pronounced difference in dose rate will be continued for evaluation of dose rate effects.

Published
1998

33. [The dosage-performance effects on Ca-Ski and HPK cells in relation to the dose and fractionation]

Author

R, Schulz-Wendtland, S, Krämer, L, Keilholz, S, Pflüger, and N, Lang

Subjects
Keratinocytes, Time Factors, Cell Survival, Brachytherapy, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Transfection, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Humans, Female, Papillomaviridae, Cell Division, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

The steep decrease of dose and dose-rate in brachytherapy implies very different radiobiological considerations of the biological effectivity.Therefore, in imitation of the clinical procedure, we compared the LDR-, MDR- and HDR-brachytherapy. We carried out experiments on epidermoid cervix carcinoma cells (Ca-Ski cells) and human primary keratinocytes (HPK cells) obtained after transfection with human papillomavirus type 16 DNA varying the dose-rate (28 cGy/h to 8000 cGy/h), the dose (1 Gy to 100 Gy) and fractionating (protracted, 3, 6 and 12 fractions).1. At dose-rates of 75 cGy/h (Ca-Ski cells) and 110 cGy/h (HPK cells) respectively we found that the cells "fall asleep" at doses up to 100 Gy; the rate of cell mortality is insignificantly higher than the proliferation rate. 2. A first-time proof of an accumulation of repopulation effects (recovery from the sublethal radiation damage, progression of the cells during the partial cycle/proliferation and the acts of redistribution), if the radiation exposure reaches the median time of the cell cycle (HPK cells, dose-rate: 110 cGy/h, doses: 1 Gy to 100 Gy). 3. Each increase in the dose-rate requires higher fractionating. At dose-rates higher than 300 cGy/h (range of a percutaneous radiotherapy), we found that the survival rates of the cells could only be increased insignificantly in spite of a fractionated therapy (3, 6 or 12 fractions; doses: 1 Gy to 100 Gy); the repopulation effects almost vanished.Changing a LDR- into an HDR-brachytherapy the equivalent factors close to the source have to be selected low and with increasing distances from the source high respectively higher-the major problem for a mathematical formula. The reduction of the dose in HDR-radiation therapy is a compromise in order to limit side effects caused by a radiation. The trade-off is a small therapeutic range and reduced therapeutic effectivity at the tumor. The percutaneous dose at the pelvis wall has to be reduced if at the same time an HDR-brachytherapy will be carried out-to avoid side effects.

Published
1996

34. Doppelpuls-Interferometrie mit Lichtwellenleitern

Author

R. Noll, F. Legewie, and S. Pflüger

Abstract

Doppelpuls-Interferometrie ist ein Mesverfahren, mit dem Schwingungen und Verformungen mechanischer Baugruppen flachenhaft und beruhrungslos erfast werden konnen. Die bisher komplexen optischen Aufbauten lassen sich fur den Anwender vereinfachen, indem das Laserlicht mit Lichtwellenleitem bis zum Mesobjekt gefuhrt wird. Durch Modifikation eines Rubin-Lasers wird die uber Lichtwellenleiter ubertragbare Pulsenergie gesteigert und damit eine Voraussetzung fur flexible und anwenderfreundliche Doppelpuls-Interferometer geschaffen.

Published
1994
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36. Fiber-optic transmission of stretched pulses from a Q-switched ruby laser

Author

S Pflüger, Volker Sturm, M Sellhorst, Reinhard Noll, and Publica

Subjects
Materials science, Optical fiber, Multi-mode optical fiber, business.industry, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Ruby laser, Laser, Q-switching, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Pockels effect, law.invention, fiber-optic transmission, Optics, pulse stretching, law, Fiber laser, ruby laser, Optoelectronics, Business and International Management, business, Bandwidth-limited pulse
Abstract

Fiber-optic transmission of Q-switched ruby laser pulses is limited by fiber damage owing to the high laser-beam intensities. Pulse stretching with a semiconductor-based control circuit for the Pockels cell of the ruby laser to reduce the peak intensities is described. Pulses with durations from 200 ns to 1 µs and a coherence length of about 3 m were generated. These pulses were coupled into multimode optical fibers to investigate the transmission characteristics and the limits of transmittable pulse energies. Stretched pulses can be transmitted in quartz fibers with a 600-µm core diameter to pulse energies of 300 mJ, which is an increase by a factor of 4 compared with standard Q-switched pulses. It is expected that beam guiding of ruby laser pulses by fiber optics will significantly facilitate the use of holographic interferometry in technical applications such as vibration analysis.

Published
1996
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37. Diagnostic Efficacy of 11 SARS‐CoV‐2 Serological Assays for COVID‐19: A Meta‐Analysis and Adjusted Indirect Comparison of Diagnostic Test Accuracy.

Author

Zhao, Ying, Zhang, Minjie, Liang, Weiwei, and Fang, Lijiang

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, MEDICAL databases, BIOLOGICAL databases
Abstract

Objective: In the past 5 years, a large number of serological assays for large‐scale detection of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antigen emerged. Serological assays for SARS‐CoV‐2 were needed to support clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigations. However, there were limited data on the diagnostic accuracy of these serological assays. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 11 commercial serological assays for coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) by taking the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assays as the reference standard, which served as the control arm to conduct an indirect comparison of diagnostic accuracy for 11 different SARS‐CoV‐2 serological assays. Methods: This meta‐analysis was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 reporting guideline. Electronic searches were performed using the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese Biological Medicine Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG, and Chinese Weipu (VIP) databases. Fifty‐seven articles, including 11 serologic‐based IgG, IgM, and total antibodies assays for SARS‐CoV‐2, published before June 2024, were included in this meta‐analysis. The main outcome of this meta‐analysis used to evaluate the performance of 11 assays included pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (AUC), and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC). The R software was used for adjusted indirect comparison to calculate the relative diagnostic odds ratio (RDOR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and indirect comparison forest plots showed the results. Results: A total of 57 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in our meta‐analysis. The pooled DOR and the AUC for access SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG were 564.28 (95% CI 229.58−1386.91) and 1.00, and as for EDI novel coronavirus COVID‐19 IgG those were 85.27 (95% CI 53.99−134.68) and 0.95, for EDI novel coronavirus COVID‐19 IgM were 49.42 (95% CI 16.47−148.30) and 0.86, for iFlash‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG were 652.31 (95% CI 362.32−1174.41) and 0.97, for iFlash‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM were 36.72 (95% CI 12.42−108.54) and 0.76, for MAGLUMI 2019‐nCoV IgG were 145.44 (95% CI 59.37−356.30) and 0.90, for MAGLUMI 2019‐nCoV IgM were 21.59 (95% CI 14.27−32.67) and 0.59, for ortho‐clinical anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG were 719.46 (95% CI 262.34−1973.13) and 1.00, for ortho‐clinical anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 total were 1104.60 (95% CI 395.64−3083.99) and 1.00, for Siemens SARS‐CoV‐2 total (COV2T) were 1143.37 (95% CI 316.49−4130.62) and 0.99, for Wantai SARS‐CoV‐2 total Ab were 1014.98 (95% CI 618.48−1665.66) and 1.00. The pooled DOR for assays‐based IgG (n = 43), assays‐based total antibody (n = 35), and assays‐based IgM (n = 20) was 242.88 (95% CI 157.66−374.16), 1215.90 (95% CI 547.14−2702.07), and 40.99 (95% CI 22.63−74.25). The diagnostic accuracy of assays‐based total antibody performed better than those of assays‐based IgG and assays‐based IgM; assays‐based IgG performed better than assays‐based IgM. Conclusion: This study suggested that the Siemens SARS‐CoV‐2 total (COV2T), ortho‐clinical anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 total, and Wantai SARS‐CoV‐2 total had the best overall diagnostic accuracy. The diagnostic efficacy of the assays‐based total antibody had statistically significantly higher accuracy than those of assays‐based IgG and assays‐based IgM for COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Photoregulatory functions drive variation in eye coloration across macaque species.

Author

Perea-García, Juan Olvido, Massen, Jorg J. M., Ostner, Julia, Schülke, Oliver, Castellano-Navarro, Alba, Gazagne, Eva, José-Domínguez, Juan Manuel, Beltrán-Francés, Víctor, Kaburu, Stefano, Ruppert, Nadine, Micheletta, Jérôme, Gupta, Shreejata, Majolo, Bonaventura, Maréchal, Laëtitia, Pflüger, Lena S., Böhm, Pia M., Bourjade, Marie, Duran, Elif, Hobaiter, Catherine, and Monteiro, Antónia

Subjects
EYE color, PHENOTYPIC plasticity, SOCIAL structure, PRIMATES, CORNEA
Abstract

Primates, the most colorful mammalian radiation, have previously served as an interesting model to test the functions and evolutionary drivers of variation in eye color. We assess the contribution of photo-regulatory and communicative functions to the external eye appearance of nine macaque species representing all the branches of their radiation. Macaques' well described social structure and wide geographical distribution make them interesting to explore. We find that (1) the posterior option of the anterior eyeball is more pigmented closer to the equator, suggesting photoprotective functions. We also find that (2) the temporal side of the eyeball is more heavily pigmented than the nasal side. This suggests that eyeball pigmentation in macaques is distributed to reduce damage to the corneal limbus. The inclusion of a translocated population of M. fuscata in our analyses also suggests that external eye appearance may change quickly, perhaps owing to phenotypic plasticity. We find no evidence that communicative functions drive variation in external eye appearance in macaques. These results suggest that the amount of light in a species' environment drives variation in eye coloration across macaque species. Furthermore, the geographical distribution of macaques hints at important factors that have yet to be accounted for, such as the reflectivity of the terrain a given species inhabits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Elevated high-sensitive cardiac troponin T in emergency department patients: insights from a retrospective descriptive cohort study.

Author

Syryca, Finn, Haller, Bernhard, Schmid, Lisa, Kallweit, Christiane, Nicol, Philipp, Trenkwalder, Teresa, Kanz, Karl-Georg, Haas, Anja, and Dommasch, Michael

Subjects
TROPONIN, EMERGENCY medical services, RETROSPECTIVE studies, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, LONGITUDINAL method, RESEARCH methodology, PERCUTANEOUS coronary intervention, COMPARATIVE studies, CORONARY angiography
Abstract

Background: High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assessments are routinely conducted in German emergency departments (EDs). However, data describing a large number of ED patients with pathological hs-cTnT levels and subsequent clinical outcomes are limited. Methods: This retrospective descriptive analysis included 141.892 patients who presented to the interdisciplinary ED at Klinikum rechts der Isar in Munich, Germany, between January 2019 and December 2021. Patients with trauma diagnoses were excluded, focusing on those with elevated hs-cTnT levels. These patients were categorized into three groups based on the International Classification of Procedures in Medicine (ICPM): those with elevated hs-cTnT who received no coronary angiography (NCA), those who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography (DCA), and those who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The objective of this study was to characterize a large emergency department patient cohort and assess their subsequent clinical outcomes. Results: After initial Manchester Triage Sytem (MTS) categorization, 32.6% (46.307/141.892) of patients were identified as non-trauma cases. Of these, 9.9% (4.587/46.307) had hs-cTnT levels exceeding 14 ng/L. Within this subset, 70.4% (3.230/4.587) did not undergo coronary angiography, 15.4% (705/4.587) underwent DCA and 14.2% (652/4.587) received PCI. Chest pain occurred more frequently in the PCI group (28.0%, 160/652) compared to the DCA group (18.3%, 113/705) or NCA group (5.7%, 159/3230), p < 0.001. However, breathing problems occurred more frequently in the NCA group (23.2%, 647/3230) compared to the PCI group (17.7%, 101/652) or DCA group (21.8%, 135/705), p < 0.001. Also, collapse was more frequent in patients in the NCA group (4.0%, 112/3230) compared to the DCA group (3.4%, 21/705) or PCI group (3.5%, 20/652), p < 0.001. Overall, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the NCA group (7.9%, 256/3230) compared to the DCA group (2.3%, 16/705) or PCI group (4.1%, 27/652), p < 0.001. Conclusion: Emergency patients with elevated hs-cTnT who did not undergo coronary angiography faced a higher risk of in-hospital mortality in our retrospective descriptive study. Given the heterogeneous nature of presenting complaints in emergency departments, identifying at-risk patients can pose challenges for treating physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. LncRNAs Are Key Regulators of Transcription Factor-Mediated Endothelial Stress Responses.

Author

Lam, Frederike, Leisegang, Matthias S., and Brandes, Ralf P.

Subjects
TRANSCRIPTION factors, LINCRNA, VASCULAR endothelium, SHEARING force, GENETIC transcription regulation, PROTEIN stability
Abstract

The functional role of long noncoding RNAs in the endothelium is highly diverse. Among their many functions, regulation of transcription factor activity and abundance is one of the most relevant. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research on the lncRNA–transcription factor axes and their implications for the vascular endothelium under physiological and pathological conditions. The focus is on transcription factors critical for the endothelial response to external stressors, such as hypoxia, inflammation, and shear stress, and their lncRNA interactors. These regulatory interactions will be exemplified by a selected number of lncRNAs that have been identified in the endothelium under physiological and pathological conditions that are influencing the activity or protein stability of important transcription factors. Thus, lncRNAs can add a layer of cell type-specific function to transcription factors. Understanding the interaction of lncRNAs with transcription factors will contribute to elucidating cardiovascular disease pathologies and the development of novel therapeutic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Etiologic Profile of the Pneumococcus in Ghana: A Systematic Review.

Author

Arhin, Reuben E., Donkor, Eric S., Slotved, Hans-Christian, Kotey, Fleischer C. N., Dayie, Nicholas T. K. D., and Russomando, Graciela

Subjects
STREPTOCOCCAL disease diagnosis, PNEUMONIA diagnosis, OTITIS media, BACTERIAL meningitis, SICKLE cell anemia, SEROTYPING, HEALTH status indicators, HIV infections, AGE distribution, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, STREPTOCOCCAL diseases, ONLINE information services, GENOTYPES
Abstract

Objective: To describe the profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae, identify research gaps, and provide in‐depth insights into various aspects related to the pathogen. Methods: Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were searched for all studies on the pneumococcus in Ghana that reported on specimen collected, population and sample size, carriage prevalence, incidence of pneumococcal diseases, age of the study population, types of test performed, serotypes identified, antimicrobial susceptibilities, or molecular analysis on the pneumococci for data extraction. Results: Overall, a total of 7954 results were obtained from the three‐database search, and of this, 24 articles were selected after screening. A total of 924 isolates were accounted for by serotyping/serogrouping. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in Ghana ranges from 11.0% to 51.4% in the population depending on the age (≤ 24–80 years), sickle cell disease (SCD), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, or health of the study population, and penicillin (Pen)‐nonsusceptible isolates ranged from 17% to 63%. The prevalence of pneumococci found as the etiologic agent of diseases among Ghanaians ranges from 3.4% for otitis media to 77.7% for meningitis. Overall, the 13‐valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) (PCV‐13) carriage serotypes accounted for 28.4% of the reported pneumococcal isolates. PCV‐13 invasive serotypes accounted for 22.4% of the reported isolates. The non‐PCV‐13 carriage serotypes accounted for most (43.9%) of the reported isolates. In the pre‐PCV‐13 era, the nontypeable (NT) (5.5%) and other nonvaccine types (NVTs) (6.4%) were reported as being predominant. The non‐PCV‐13 serotypes accounted for 4.4% of the reported isolates in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) cases. Multidrug resistance (MDR) ranged from 7.8% to 100%. Conclusion: Predicting the invasiveness of pneumococci using molecular typing is the way to go in the future as this will provide answers to the extent to which capsular switching is contributing to the pneumococcal disease burden in Ghana almost a decade after introducing PCV‐13. Continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance patterns at both phenotypic and genotypic levels, along with serotyping and molecular typing, should be a standard practice in the surveillance of pneumococcal disease burden in Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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45. Structural and Mechanistic Insights into a Novel Monooxygenase for Poly(acrylic acid) Biodegradation.

Author

Feng, Rui, Zhao, Juyi, Li, Xiaochen, Dong, Sijun, and Ma, Dan

Subjects
MOLECULAR structure, MOLECULAR crystals, ACRYLIC acid, SMALL molecules, MONOOXYGENASES
Abstract

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a high-molecular-weight polymer with extensive applications. However, the inefficient natural degradation of PAM results in environmental accumulation of the polymer. Biodegradation is an environmentally friendly approach in the field of PAM treatment. The first phase of PAM biodegradation is the deamination of PAM, forming the product poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). The second phase of PAM biodegradation involves the cleavage of PAA into small molecules, which is a crucial step in the degradation pathway of PAM. However, the enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of PAA and the molecular mechanism remain unclear. Here, a novel monooxygenase PCX02514 is identified as the key enzyme for PAA degradation. Through biochemical experiments, the monooxygenase PCX02514 oxidizes PAA with the participation of NADPH, causing the cleavage of carbon chains and a decrease in the molecular weight of PAA. In addition, the crystal structure of the monooxygenase PCX02514 is solved at a resolution of 1.97 Å. The active pocket is in a long cavity that extends from the C-terminus of the TIM barrel to the protein surface and exhibits positive electrostatic potential, thereby causing the migration of oxygen-negative ions into the active pocket and facilitating the reaction between the substrates and monooxygenase PCX02514. Moreover, Arg10-Arg125-Ser186-Arg187-His253 are proposed as potential active sites in monooxygenase PCX02514. Our research characterizes the molecular mechanism of this monooxygenase, providing a theoretical basis and valuable tools for PAM bioremediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. A Review of Stage 0 Biomarkers in Type 1 Diabetes: The Holy Grail of Early Detection and Prevention?

Author

Mănescu, Măriuca, Mănescu, Ion Bogdan, and Grama, Alina

Subjects
TYPE 1 diabetes, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, ISLANDS of Langerhans, INSULIN therapy, TREATMENT delay (Medicine)
Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an incurable autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic islet cells, resulting in lifelong dependency on insulin treatment. There is an abundance of review articles addressing the prediction of T1D; however, most focus on the presymptomatic phases, specifically stages 1 and 2. These stages occur after seroconversion, where therapeutic interventions primarily aim to delay the onset of T1D rather than prevent it. This raises a critical question: what happens before stage 1 in individuals who will eventually develop T1D? Is there a "stage 0" of the disease, and if so, how can we detect it to increase our chances of truly preventing T1D? In pursuit of answers to these questions, this narrative review aimed to highlight recent research in the field of early detection and prediction of T1D, specifically focusing on biomarkers that can predict T1D before the onset of islet autoimmunity. Here, we have compiled influential research from the fields of epigenetics, omics, and microbiota. These studies have identified candidate biomarkers capable of predicting seroconversion from very early stages to several months prior, suggesting that the prophylactic window begins at birth. As the therapeutic landscape evolves from treatment to delay, and ideally from delay to prevention, it is crucial to both identify and validate such "stage 0" biomarkers predictive of islet autoimmunity. In the era of precision medicine, this knowledge will enable early intervention with the potential for delaying, modifying, or completely preventing autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. Gamma-aminobutyric acid for delaying type 1 diabetes mellitus: an update.

Author

Sutedja, Jane Carissa, de Liyis, Bryan Gervais, and Saraswati, Made Ratna

Subjects
TYPE 1 diabetes, T helper cells, GABA, DELAYED onset of disease, IMMUNOREGULATION
Abstract

The current gold-standard management of hyperglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is insulin therapy. However, this therapy is associated with a high incidence of complications, and delaying the onset of this disease produces a substantially positive impact on quality of life for individuals with a predisposition to T1DM, especially children. This review aimed to assess the use of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to delay the onset of T1DM in children. GABA produces protective and proliferative effects in 2 ways, β cell and immune cell modulation. Various in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that GABA induces proliferation of β cells, increases insulin levels, inhibits β-cell apoptosis, and suppresses T helper 1 cell activity against islet antigens. Oral GABA is safe as no serious adverse effects were reported in any of the studies included in this review. These findings demonstrate promising results for the use of GABA treatment to delay T1DM, specifically in genetically predisposed children, through immunoregulatory effects and the ability to induce β-cell proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Evaluation and Rehabilitation after Adult Lumbar Spine Surgery.

Author

Sakaguchi, Tomoyoshi, Gunjotikar, Sharvari, Tanaka, Masato, Komatsubara, Tadashi, Latka, Kajetan, Ekade, Shashank J., Prabhu, Shrinivas P., Takamatsu, Kazuhiko, Yasuda, Yosuke, and Nakagawa, Masami

Subjects
SPINAL surgery, LUMBAR vertebrae, SPINAL fusion, STRENGTH training, REHABILITATION, PSYCHOSOCIAL functioning
Abstract

Purpose: With an increase in the proportion of elderly patients, the global burden of spinal disease is on the rise. This is gradually expected to increase the number of surgical procedures all over the world in the near future. As we know, rehabilitation following spine surgery is critical for optimal recovery. However, the current literature lacks consensus regarding the appropriate post-operative rehabilitation protocol. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the optimal protocol for rehabilitation after lumbar spine surgery in adults. Materials and Methods: The goals of rehabilitation after lumbar spine surgery are to improve physical and psychosocial function and may include multiple modalities such as physical therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, specialized instruments, and instructions to be followed during activities of daily living. In recent years, not only are a greater number of spine surgeries being performed, but various different techniques of lumbar spine surgery and spinal fusion have also emerged. (1) Our review summarizes post-operative rehabilitation under the following headings—1. Historical aspects, 2. Subjective functional outcomes, and (3) Actual rehabilitation measures, including balance. Results: Physical therapy programs need to be patient-specific and surgery-specific, such that they consider patient-reported outcome measures and take into consideration the technique of spinal fusion used and the muscle groups involved in these surgeries. By doing so, it is possible to assess the level of functional impairment and then specifically target the strengthening of those muscle groups affected by surgery whilst also improving impaired balance and allowing a return to daily activities. Conclusions: Rehabilitation is a multi-faceted journey to restore mobility, function, and quality of life. The current rehabilitation practice focuses on muscle strengthening, but the importance of spinal balance is less elaborated. We thus equally emphasize muscle strengthening and balance improvement post-lumbar spine surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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