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The present review aimed to analyze the scientific literature untill 2010 about the theories of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in order to make clear how a biological and cognitive hypotheses might be integrated in a comprehensive point of view. In the analysis, at biological level were included neuroanatomic and neurophysiologic models and animal models; instead at cognitive level were included different theories of Salwoskies, Van den Hout, Mancini e Rachman. Biological, cognitive, and behavioral elements of the theories have to be clearly distinguished between specific and general conditions, as do critical past events and current trigger conditions. The theories compared were drawn from the neurobiological, cognitive, and behavioral literature that proposed empirical supported models. We conclude that there are substantive differences among the cognitive theories and between the biological theories reviewed. However, cognitive and biological theories appear to be compatible in principle. It is not clear whether substantive differences among theories are due to the existence of subtypes of OCD or due to the predominance of multifactorial cause. It is argued that current treatment methods imply particular theories, and that particular patterns of success and failure can be understood in relation to theory through the methods we have employed.

Background: Using an age and gender matched-pair case-control study, we aimed to estimate the long-term prevalence of psychophysical olfactory, gustatory , and chemesthesis impairment at least one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection considering the background of chemosensory dysfunction in non-COVID-19 population. Methodology: This case-controlled study included 100 patients who were home-isolated for mildly symptomatic COVID-19 between March and April 2020. One control regularly tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection and always tested negative was matched to each case according to gender and age. Chemosensory function was investigated by a comprehensive psychophysical evaluation including ortho- and retronasal olfaction and an extensive assessment of gustatory function. Differences in chemosensory parameters were evaluated through either Fisher’s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The psychophysical assessment of chemosensory function took place after a median of 401 days from the first SARS-CoV-2 positive swab. The evaluation of orthonasal smell identified 46% and 10% of cases and controls, respectively, having olfactory dysfunction, with 7% of COVID-19 cases being functionally anosmic. Testing of gustatory function revealed a 27% of cases versus 10% of controls showing a gustatory impairment. Nasal trigeminal sensitivity was significantly lower in cases compared to controls. Persistent chemosensory impairment was associated with emotional distress and depression. Conclusion: More than one year after the onset of COVID-19, cases exhibited an excess of olfactory, gustatory , and chemesthesis disturbances compared to matched-pair controls with these symptoms being associated to emotional distress and depression.

L’opération de génie écologique présentée dans cet article s’est inscrite dans le cadre des travaux de renforcement de 13 km de digue en rive droite du Rhône entre Beaucaire et Fourques (département du Gard, France), portés par le Syndicat mixte interrégional d’aménagement des digues du delta du Rhône et de la mer (Symadrem). Lors des inventaires écologiques préalables aux travaux, destinés à établir l’étude d’impacts réglementaire, la diane, espèce de papillon protégée, et sa plante hôte, l’aristoloche à feuilles rondes, ont été détectées sur des secteurs voués à la destruction. Afin de l’éviter, une mesure de réduction expérimentale a été proposée. Le principe était de transférer les principaux sites de pontes de la diane vers une parcelle sans enjeu écologique et présentant des conditions stationnelles favorables à la reprise de la plante hôte et à la réoccupation en reproduction du papillon. Après avis favorable du Conseil national de la protection de la nature (CNPN), la mesure a pu être réalisée. Ainsi, les habitats, avec la végétation associée, ont été déplacés par transfert de plaques de sol. Les chenilles de diane ont également été transloquées manuellement et remises sur la parcelle déplacée. Deux ans après la mise en place de la mesure, plus de 60 % des effectifs initiaux d’aristoloche ont pu être retrouvés. La diane est également présente avec une reproduction avérée comme l’attestait la présence de plus d’une centaine de chenilles. Le succès de l’opération de translocation par plaques de sol donne ainsi une perspective très intéressante et offre une mesure assez simple et peu coûteuse à mettre en place à proposer lors d’étude d’impacts.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exert antagonistic activities against diversemicroorganisms, including pathogens. In this work, we aimed to investigatethe ability of LAB strains isolated from food to produce biofilms and to inhibitgrowth and surface colonization of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli(EHEC) O157:H7 at 10°C. The ability of 100 isolated LAB to inhibit EHECO157:H7 NCTC12900 growth was evaluated in agar diffusion assays. ThirtysevenLAB strains showed strong growth inhibitory effect on EHEC. Thehighest inhibitory activities corresponded to LAB strains belonging toLactiplantibacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici and Pediococcuspentosaceus species. Eighteen out of the 37 strains that showed growthinhibitory effects on EHEC also had the ability to form biofilms on polystyrenesurfaces at 10°C and 30°C. Pre-established biofilms on polystyrene of four ofthese LAB strains were able to reduce significantly surface colonization byEHEC at low temperature (10°C). Among these four strains, Lact. plantarumCRL 1075 not only inhibited EHEC but also was able to grow in the presenceof the enteric pathogen. Therefore, this strain proved to be a good candidatefor further technological studies oriented to its application in food-processingenvironments to mitigate undesirable surface contaminations of E. coli. Fil: Cisneros, Monica Lucia del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Cattelan, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; Argentina. University of Aberdeen; Reino Unido Fil: Villalba, María Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; Argentina Fil: Rodriguez, Maria Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Serra, Diego Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; Argentina Fil: Yantorno, Osvaldo Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales; Argentina Fil: Fadda, Silvina G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina

The abandoned kaolin quarries of the Serrenti-Furtei area (South-Sardinia, Italy) where widely exploited for long time during the last century, until the late 70's. The kaolinized bodies have been no longer exploited because of low quality of the ore which results too rich in silica and pyrite for a conventional industrial destination. Nowadays this abandoned open-pit mine constitute an environmental degradation that is in need for a landscape remediation. The aim of this preliminary study is to evaluate the feasibility of using the large stockpiles of material, still in place, as a raw material for the possible production of geopolymers binders based on metakaolin. The use of metakaolin to produce geopolymers mixes has attracted worldwide interests and particularly in the formulation of special cements and mortars. The kaolin samples were thermally activated in a laboratory oven at 530, 630 and 800 °C temperatures. Pastes of thermally activated materials with lime have been prepared and cured at different times. The reactions that took place in the metakaolin-lime-water systems have been monitored using thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. In this paper we also evaluate, using proximal sensing photogrammetric survey technique, the different stockpile volumes of mining waste to obtain a detailed quantification of the potential raw material resources. The large availability of these potential resources encourages further studies for the transformation process and the use of these materials in the binders sector.

To clarify the role of gene polymorphisms on the effect of losartan and losartan plus hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure (primary end point) and on cardiac, vascular and metabolic phenotypes (secondary end point) after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 48 weeks treatment, an Italian collaborative study – The Study of the Pharmacogenomics in Italian hypertensive patients treated with the Angiotensin receptor blocker losartan (SOPHIA) – on never-treated essential hypertensives (n = 800) was planned. After an 8 week run-in, losartan 50 mg once daily will be given and doubled to 100 mg at week +4 if blood pressure is more than 140/90 mmHg. Hydroclorothiazide 25 mg once daily at week +8 and amlodipine 5 mg at week +16 will be added if blood pressure is more than 140/90 mmHg. Cardiac mass (echocardiography), carotid intima-media thickness, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index, microalbuminuria, plasma renin activity and aldosterone, endogenous lithium clearance, brain natriuretic peptide and losartan metabolites will be evaluated. Genes of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, salt sensitivity, the β-adrenergic system and losartan metabolism will be studied (Illumina custom arrays). A whole-genome scan will also be performed in half of the study cohort (1M array, Illumina 500 GX beadstation).

In the southern end of the Iglesiente-Sulcis district where several Mo-prospects occur in close association with leucogranite bodies, molybdenite has been sporadically exploited in the past throughout the mineralized areas. The low grade mineralizations occur mainly as MoS2 bearing quartz veins, in high silica intrusives throughout a granitic batholith of Hercynian age. Ores and alterations are usually centered on stocks of leucogranite-porphyry or fine grained varieties of leucogranites so that these metal showings can be considered porphyry-style mineralizations. Petrographic and geochemical investigations provided interesting relationships between the magma and the nature of mineralizations.

The satellite-based Global Positioning System (GPS) needs a clear view of sky for determining a geodetic position and hence it is particularly suitable in overall projects of open-pit recovery and landscape restoration. The purpose of such measurements is to make highly accurate topographic maps thus forming the backbone of a project. In the work presented here geodetic measurements are combined with advanced visualisation techniques and GIS applications in a possible recovery plan of the abandoned excavations of Bonucoro in the mining district of Orani, central Sardinia, Italy. Considering the naturalistic and geographic settings of the mining area and its surroundings, a few proposals concerning the re-utilisation of these excavations are presented. The preparatory work consisted of the area characterisation by carrying out a topographic survey followed by a geodetic control network establishment by the GPS to describe the morphological features of the landscape and for the subsequent three-dimensional analysis and geoprocessing. The final step involved the use of VueInfinite, a computer program capable to integrate graphical data with geological and morphological attributes. It was also able to create a virtual 3D scene of a present, past, or future landscape required for visual impact assessment.

In sausage, Staphylococcus carnosus increases the levels of methyl ketones which could arise from incomplete β-oxidation of fatty acids followed by a decarboxylation. The objective of this work was to characterize the β-decarboxylase activities in cell-free extract. By using different substrates, at least two kinds of β-decarboxylase activities were shown: an acetoacetate-like and an oxaloacetate-like. The first one leads to the production of ketones from ethylbutyryl acetate or acetoacetic acid. The activity was optimal at pH 6.0, stimulated by pyridoxal phosphate but ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), NaCl, iodoacetate and curing additives were inhibitory. The second decarboxylase activity leads to the production of pyruvic acid from oxaloacetic acid. This activity was optimal at pH 5.0 and stimulated by divalent ions and biotin. Fil: Fadda, Silvina G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Leroy Sétrin, Sabine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Talon, Régine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia

The remediation of contaminated sites, legacies of past industrial activities, requires more or less complex and costly measures depending on the nature and extent of contamination, the environmental protection legislation currently in force, the anticipated future use and the commercial value of the land. Remedial action involves implementing techniques capable of removing or containing the contaminants to prevent them from migrating to surrounding areas. Here we explore the possibility of using red muds, bauxite ore processing waste, and/or fly ash produced by coal fired power stations for immobilizing the heavy metals contained in severely contaminated soils. The results of laboratory column leaching demonstrate that relatively small additions of fly ash or red muds, or a combination of the two, to the contaminated soils drastically reduces the heavy metal content in the effluent.

Staphylococcus carnosus strain 833, inoculated into sausage, increased the levels of methyl ketones which contributed to the cured aroma. These ketones were predicted to arise from incomplete β-oxidation followed by a decarboxylation. To check this hypothesis, we measured the β-decarboxylase activity in resting cells of S. carnosus grown in complex or in synthetic medium, using as substrate a β-ketoacid, which can be an intermediate of the β-oxidation pathway. This activity was present throughout the growth period. The enzyme appeared to be constitutive because no induction was observed. High aeration, a pH of 5 and the presence of nitrate promoted the production of methyl ketones. Fil: Fadda, Silvina G.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Lebert, André. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Leroy Sètrin, Sabine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Talon, Régine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia

Several metallogenic periods took place at different moments of the geological evolution of Sardinia, but at places they interacted: the close correlation between the metal parageneses in the Ordovician – Silurian sequences, outcropping in the central part of the island, and the veins and masses associated with the Hercynian magmatism is depicted. The volcanic-sedimentary mixed-sulphide lenses contained in Silurian occurrences show clear sedimentary structures, and the connection with coeval volcanics seems evident. These mineralizations are thought to be the protores for the subsequent metallogenic cycle related with the Hercynian orogenesis which had a strong effect as a promoter of the remoulding of preexisting mineral concentrations to give new ore- and industrial minerals deposits. Several geochemical campaigns have covered the entire island, and wide areas of the Paleozoic basement, mostly localised in the internal zones, showed high base- and heavymetals contents. A new prospecting programme has been started in Central Sardinia; it follows the ore-bearing horizon along the Ordovician-Silurian boundary with the purpose to better understand these primary metal depositions, their relationships with geodynamic structures, and ore mobilisation caused by the Hercynian granites. The geochemical anomalies along this horizon detected in the area of “Castello Medusa” support detailed prospecting works.

During the eastward drift of the Palaeozoic-Mesozoic block formed by Sardinia and Corsica in the Oligocene-Miocene, calc-alkaline volcanism developed mostly in the western part of the island. Most Tertiary metallogenic phoenomena are related to hydrothermal activity associated with this volcanism. Following volcanic and related hydrothermal activity, sediments were deposited during the Oligocene-Miocene as a consequence of a marine transgression. The basal part of this series is clastic and includes elements derived from erosion of unaltered volcanics as well as hydrothermally altered rocks and hydrothermal vein quartz. Inside the Tertiary volcanics manganese ore-minerals occur as nodules, veinlets, and stockworks and mainly include Mn and Fe oxides; quartz in different forms is the most common gangue mineral. The mineralisations at the contact between volcanics and Miocene sediments are the most homogeneous, the ore-minerals occur in the cement, but also as fairly continuous thin beds, nodules and veinlets containing pyrolusite, frequent ramsdellite, less frequent manganite, psilomelane, cryptomelane-manjiroite, rare ranciéite, and todorokite. The nature of the ore-bearing beds indicate a near-shore clastic environment along the ancient coastal lines of the Miocene sea. Genetic considerations point to a supergenic transport and redeposition after erosion of primary dispersion and residual concentrations of Mn in the volcanics.

The mineralizations related to the Hercynian magmatism of Sardinia are represented by interesting ore-associations. Molybdenum is scattered in several part of the island and many Mo prospects are Known in the Ogliastra region, SE Sardinia where the molybdenite-wolframite vein of Perda Majori displays mineralogical peculiarities of extreme rareness. A member of the lillianite-gustavite series has been detected and the samples compared with data collected from the literature. In the system PbS-Ag2S-Bi2S3 most of our samples spread between the line lollianite-gustavite join. The possible occurrence of solid solutions having compositions along both these joins is suggested in litterature but there is a miscibility gap in the series at temperatures above 500°C. High-temperature natural phases belonging to the lillianite-like structures situated in the compositional gaps should commonly exibit exsolution phenomena. The exsolved textures of Pb-Ag-Bi sulphosalts from Perda Majori let the mineralization under study be referred to pneumatholitic-hydrothermal stages of deposition.

This study focuses on analysis of in vitro cultures of chondrocytes from ovine articular cartilage. Isolated cells were seeded in Petri dishes, then expanded to confluence and phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry. The sigmoidal temporal profile of total counts was obtained by classic haemocytometry and corresponding cell size distributions were measured electronically using a Coulter Counter. A mathematical model recently proposed (1) was adopted for quantitative interpretation of these experimental data. The model is based on a 1‐D (that is, mass‐structured), single‐staged population balance approach capable of taking into account contact inhibition at confluence. The model’s parameters were determined by fitting measured total cell counts and size distributions. Model reliability was verified by predicting cell proliferation counts and corresponding size distributions at culture times longer than those used when tuning the model’s parameters. It was found that adoption of cell mass as the intrinsic characteristic of a growing chondrocyte population enables sigmoidal temporal profiles of total counts in the Petri dish, as well as cell size distributions at ‘balanced growth’, to be adequately predicted.

In central Sardinia several talc-chlorite-feldspar bodies have long been mined by open-pit operations. The mining activity has deeply modified the original landscape of the Lasasai-Bonucoro area in the district of Orani. Thus the rearrangement of this area, in particular the open-pit works that are now occupied by pools filled with ground water from aquifers, should be considered as an overall project of landscape restoration. Particular conditions, such as the constant outflow of good-quality water and the amenity of the surrounding countryside, are favourable to the accomplishment of the recovery plan. The GPS tool is particularly suitable in projects of open-pit recovery to make highly accurate topographical maps by geodetic measurements thus forming the backbone of a project. On the basis of the naturalistic and geographical contexts of the mining area and its surroundings, a few proposals concerning the re-utilisation of these excavations are here presented. The preparatory work consisted of characterization of the study area with a topographic survey, establishment of a geodetic control network with GPS to describe the morphologic features of the landscape, and the representation of the study area using three dimensional analysis and geoprocessing by commercial GIS/CAD software. The final step is represented by the use of a Digital Scenery Generator (DSG) that is capable to integrate graphical data layers with geological and morphological maps enabling the creation of virtual 3D environments thus giving a rendering of a present, past or future landscape development allowing for visual impact assessments.

DNA recovered from a condom found at a crime scene appeared undigestible with restriction enzymes, preventing characterization by Southern blot and polymorphic probe hybridization. Several chemical substances used in the processing and treatment of condoms were tested for inhibitory action of restriction enzymes. In particular dibenzalkonium chloride appeared to promote enzyme inhibition at very low concentrations. The effectiveness of treatments to restore cleavage of sample DNA in the presence of such contaminants is discussed.

The Flumendosa-Campidano system of artificial lakes is the major water resource for southern Sardinia, Italy. The main basins of this system are situated in ore-rich terrains which are responsible for the supply of different heavy metals in the bottom sediments forming in these lakes. The chemical and mineralogical composition of these materials reflects the lithology of the country rocks and is strongly influenced by the surrounding ore mineral occurrences. Because of the semiarid climate of this island, along with the uneven distributions of rains and increasing water demand, water levels in these lakes are prone to broad yearly variations and consequently their sediments are periodically prone to the action of the meteoric waters and of the atmosphere which causes oxidation and remobilisation of most metals. However the metal-rich sediments of the lakes appear at present sufficiently stable as elemental concentrations in the water reaching the treatment plants are normally below the permissible limits for drinking water. Metals re-precipitate in less soluble forms and accumulate in the deepest parts of the sedimentary piles which would act as a trap for the metals. Data on metal contents in the sediments are examined in view of deriving pollution risks. Distribution maps have been drawn for each element for assessing its dispersion and accumulation effects. The mapping together with statistical treatment of the results and comparison with previous data has shed light on the origin and distribution of the various pollutants.

Ore bodies of the Furtei epithermal gold deposit, W Sardinia, are highly enriched in telluride minerals. The association of hessite, stutzite, sylvanite, petzite, coloradoite, altaite, with native tellurium indicates direct magmatic inputs to the mineralizing solutions: a transition of this magmatic hydrothermal system from porphyry to high sulfidation epithermal mineralization environments is envisaged. Sulfidation states of telluride bearing ore fluids fluctuated between IS and HS conditions within the same mineralization, with telluride minerals related to both HS and IS assemblages. On the basis of available corroborative electron microprobe data on the telluride-rich parts of drillcore samples, the relationship between mineral assemblages and sulfidation states of fluids is assessed.

Prospecting in the northern part of Sardinia, within a N-S-trending tectonic trough has led to the discovery of a number of mineralized sections in the terrigenous sediments that were produced during a Miocene marine transgression. The mineralization occurs at the contact between pyroclastics and clastic sediments and consists of sulphide phases in chalcedony representing the surficial deposition of exhalative fluids connected to the Tertiary volcanism. The source of metals was probably of both hydrothermal and sinsedimentary origin.

In Sardinia a long lasting intense volcanic activity took place towards the end of the Oligocene. During the waning phases of this volcanism, a significant hydrothermal activity developed producing local alteration and precious and base-metal mineralizations as epithermal high and low sulphidation veins. At the Furtei gold deposit the main orebody in the Santu Miali sector is examined with respect to the deep sampling of this hill that helped to define orebody shape, the spatial evolution of the system with the vertical extent of mineralization and associated hydrothermal alteration patterns. The drilling also showed the continuity of the system below the oxidized zone suggesting a potential for additional reserves and discoveries.

Methyl ketones are detected in dry fermented sausages in which they contribute to the cured aroma. They have been associated with the inoculation of Staphylococcus carnosus used as starter culture. To evaluate the ability of bacterial starters to produce methyl ketones it was necessary to develop a rapid method. The method consists of a reaction catalyzed by a commercial NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase that reduces the 2-pentanone to its secondary alcohol. The linearity, the specificity, and the robustness were studied. Its accuracy was confirmed by comparison with the gas chromatography technique. Finally, the method was validated on biological samples such as the 2-pentanone produced by Staphylococcus camosus. The enzymatic method offers some advantages over the gas chromatography, as it is faster, simpler, and inexpensive; guaranteeing an effective way to assess bacterial ketone production. Fil: Fadda, Silvina G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Lebert, André. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Talon, Régine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia

In the upper-middle catchment basin of the river Rio Flumendosa that feeds the 300 Mm3 reservoir of Lake Medio Flumendosa a number of major and minor ore bodies occur, some of which have been known since the Bronze Age and explored and exploited up to a few years ago. The products of this activity include open-pit and underground excavations and related dumps, and dressing-plant tailings. The long-lasting chemical and mechanical weathering has sent large quantities of heavy metals into the alluvium blankets along the streams and in the lake sediments. In these sediments total heavy-metal contents (mainly Pb, Zn, Cu, As and Cd) reach a few thousand ppm. A geochemical study has located the main pollution source in the basin of Rio Saraxinu, where the Cu-Pb-Zn mine of Funtana Raminosa operated starting from proto-historical times. Fro the dumps and dressing plants tailings of this mine, abundant ore mineral clasts and metal ions have entered the stream and lake sediments. Since an important share of the Lake Medio Flumendosa water is destined to civil uses, interventios aimed at monitoring the metal supply and eliminating water contamination risks are necessary.

L'oro non è mai stato ricercato specificatamente in Sardegna sino agli inizi degli anni ottanta del ventesimo secolo, quando la ricerca avviata presso l'Università di Cagliari ha evidenziato la presenza di manifestazioni ad oro in differenti ambienti geostrutturali dal Paleozoico al Terziario. La notevole varietà di tipi e di modelli genetici di queste mineralizzazioni permette la definizione di una nuova provincia metallogenica a metalli preziosi e di base, inserendo la Sardegna fra i distretti auriferi europei.

The mineralogy and mineral chemistry of low-grade rocks from the upper Pristley Glacier area are described to define the metamorphic zonation and P-T conditions of the Ross age metamorphism. Two metamorphic zones og increasing metamorphc grade have been distinguished: the ankerite and biotite zones. The metamorphic temperature ranges from 320 to 400 °C. The Ross metamorphism falls into the range of low-pressure metamorphism.

Illite crystallinity was determined in more than 250 pelitic rocks from the Nappe and External zones of the Hercynian chain of Sardinia. The regional distribution of illite crystallinity values indicates a clear Hercynian metamorphic zonation from anchizone to epizone moving northwards from the External to thr Nappe zone. In the Nappe zone iliite crystallinity values also reveal a roughly metamorphic zonation from the lower to the upper tectonic units of the pile of nappes as well as from the front to the root zone in the Gerrei Unit and in the Metamorphic Complex og Barbagia Unit. In the External zone contrasting illite crystallinity values were detected at the Sardic phase unconformity between the Cabitza Formation ( 0.25+/-0.01 ° delta2teta) and the overlyning "Puddinga" (0.39+/-0.03 °delta2teta). The status of illite crystallinity in the Cabitza Formation seems to record pre-Hercynian metamorphic effects.

The authors have attempted an introductory study of problems which are inherent to psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy and psychoanalysis conducted in the second language of a bilingual therapist. This situation seems to be more complex than is usually admitted in current literature. The main problem encountered by the authors in their personal practice stems from the fact that the process of identification becomes complex when the therapist is confronted with regressive and/or progressive shifts in the course of the treatment.

6-keto-PGE 1 was capable of increasing cyclic AMP levels of peripheral human blood lymphocytes in a dose and time dependent fashion. The response was maximal after 30 min of incubation at 37°C ; 1 μg per ml of 6-keto-PGE 1 elevated cyclic AMP levels 5 fold which compares with a 10 fold increase due to PGE 1 . Thus 6-keto-PGE 1 may play a role as a modulator of lymphocyte function.

The sensitivity of human lymphocytes to prostaglandins was compared to that of two lines of cultured lymphoblasts. It was found that 25 nM PGE 1 increased lymphocyte cyclic AMP levels twofold, but had no effect on lymphoblasts. At 2.8 μM PGE 1 the increase of cyclic AMP in lymphocytes was 14 fold versus a 2–3 fold increase in lymphoblasts. Lymphoblasts maintained a response to 6-keto-PGE 1 , isoproterenol and histamine similar to that observed in lymphocytes. Thus, it appears that the rapidly proliferating lymphoblasts escape signals inhibiting proliferation by impairing the function of the PGE receptor.