213 results on '"Ryo Fujita"'
Search Results
2. Involvement of Siglec-15 in regulating RAP1/RAC signaling in cytoskeletal remodeling in osteoclasts mediated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor
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Hideyuki Kobayashi, M. Alaa Terkawi, Masahiro Ota, Tomoka Hasegawa, Tomomaya Yamamoto, Tomohiro Shimizu, Dai Sato, Ryo Fujita, Toshifumi Murakami, Norio Amizuka, Norimasa Iwasaki, and Masahiko Takahata
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract DNAX-associated protein 12 kD size (DAP12) is a dominant immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-signaling adaptor that activates costimulatory signals essential for osteoclastogenesis. Although several DAP12-associated receptors (DARs) have been identified in osteoclasts, including triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2), C-type lectin member 5 A (CLEC5A), and sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec)-15, their precise role in the development of osteoclasts and bone remodeling remain poorly understood. In this study, mice deficient in Trem-2, Clec5a, Siglec-15 were generated. In addition, mice double deficient in these DAR genes and FcεRI gamma chain (FcR)γ, an alternative ITAM adaptor to DAP12, were generated. Bone mass analysis was conducted on all mice. Notably, Siglec-15 deficient mice and Siglec-15/FcRγ double deficient mice exhibited mild and severe osteopetrosis respectively. In contrast, other DAR deficient mice showed normal bone phenotype. Likewise, osteoclasts from Siglec-15 deficient mice failed to form an actin ring, suggesting that Siglec-15 promotes bone resorption principally by modulating the cytoskeletal organization of osteoclasts. Furthermore, biochemical analysis revealed that Sigelc-15 activates macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced Ras-associated protein-1 (RAP1)/Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) pathway through formation of a complex with p130CAS and CrkII, leading to cytoskeletal remodeling of osteoclasts. Our data provide genetic and biochemical evidence that Siglec-15 facilitates M-CSF-induced cytoskeletal remodeling of the osteoclasts.
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- 2024
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3. Methane emissions decreased in fossil fuel exploitation and sustainably increased in microbial source sectors during 1990–2020
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Naveen Chandra, Prabir K. Patra, Ryo Fujita, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Taku Umezawa, Daisuke Goto, Shinji Morimoto, Bruce H. Vaughn, and Thomas Röckmann
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Abstract Methane (CH4) emission reduction to limit warming to 1.5 °C can be tracked by analyzing CH4 concentration and its isotopic composition (δ 13C, δD) simultaneously. Based on reconstructions of the temporal trends, latitudinal, and vertical gradient of CH4 and δ13C from 1985 to 2020 using an atmospheric chemistry transport model, we show (1) emission reductions from oil and gas exploitation (ONG) since the 1990s stabilized the atmospheric CH4 growth rate in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and (2) emissions from farmed animals, waste management, and coal mining contributed to the increase in CH4 since 2006. Our findings support neither the increasing ONG emissions reported by the EDGARv6 inventory during 1990–2020 nor the large unconventional emissions increase reported by the GAINSv4 inventory since 2006. Total fossil fuel emissions remained stable from 2000 to 2020, most likely because the decrease in ONG emissions in some regions offset the increase in coal mining emissions in China.
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- 2024
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4. Sporadic inclusion body myositis-derived myotube culture revealed muscle cell-autonomous expression profiles.
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Naoki Suzuki, Makoto Kanzaki, Masashi Koide, Rumiko Izumi, Ryo Fujita, Tadahisa Takahashi, Kazumi Ogawa, Yutaka Yabe, Masahiro Tsuchiya, Masako Suzuki, Ryuhei Harada, Akiyuki Ohno, Hiroya Ono, Naoko Nakamura, Kensuke Ikeda, Hitoshi Warita, Shion Osana, Yoshitsugu Oikawa, Takafumi Toyohara, Takaaki Abe, Muliang Rui, Satoru Ebihara, Ryoichi Nagatomi, Yoshihiro Hagiwara, and Masashi Aoki
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is a muscle disease in older people and is characterized by inflammatory cell invasion into intact muscle fibers and rimmed vacuoles. The pathomechanism of sIBM is not fully elucidated yet, and controversy exists as to whether sIBM is a primary autoimmune disease or a degenerative muscle disease with secondary inflammation. Previously, we established a method of collecting CD56-positive myoblasts from human skeletal muscle biopsy samples. We hypothesized that the myoblasts derived from these patients are useful to see the cell-autonomous pathomechanism of sIBM. With these resources, myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes, and the expression profiles of cell-autonomous pathology of sIBM were analyzed. Myoblasts from three sIBM cases and six controls were differentiated into myotubes. In the RNA-sequencing analysis of these "myotube" samples, 104 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be significantly upregulated by more than twofold in sIBM, and 13 DEGs were downregulated by less than twofold. For muscle biopsy samples, a comparative analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which "biopsy" and "myotube" samples differed. Fifty-three DEGs were extracted of which 32 (60%) had opposite directions of expression change (e.g., increased in biopsy vs decreased in myotube). Apolipoprotein E (apoE) and transmembrane protein 8C (TMEM8C or MYMK) were commonly upregulated in muscle biopsies and myotubes from sIBM. ApoE and myogenin protein levels were upregulated in sIBM. Given that enrichment analysis also captured changes in muscle contraction and development, the triggering of muscle atrophy signaling and abnormal muscle differentiation via MYMK or myogenin may be involved in the pathogenesis of sIBM. The presence of DEGs in sIBM suggests that the myotubes formed from sIBM-derived myoblasts revealed the existence of muscle cell-autonomous degeneration in sIBM. The catalog of DEGs will be an important resource for future studies on the pathogenesis of sIBM focusing on primary muscle degeneration.
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- 2024
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5. Lunar gravity prevents skeletal muscle atrophy but not myofiber type shift in mice
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Takuto Hayashi, Ryo Fujita, Risa Okada, Michito Hamada, Riku Suzuki, Sayaka Fuseya, James Leckey, Maho Kanai, Yuri Inoue, Shunya Sadaki, Ayano Nakamura, Yui Okamura, Chikara Abe, Hironobu Morita, Tatsuya Aiba, Teruhiro Senkoji, Michihiko Shimomura, Maki Okada, Daisuke Kamimura, Akane Yumoto, Masafumi Muratani, Takashi Kudo, Dai Shiba, and Satoru Takahashi
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Skeletal muscle is sensitive to gravitational alterations. We recently developed a multiple artificial-gravity research system (MARS), which can generate gravity ranging from microgravity to Earth gravity (1 g) in space. Using the MARS, we studied the effects of three different gravitational levels (microgravity, lunar gravity [1/6 g], and 1 g) on the skeletal muscle mass and myofiber constitution in mice. All mice survived and returned to Earth, and skeletal muscle was collected two days after landing. We observed that microgravity-induced soleus muscle atrophy was prevented by lunar gravity. However, lunar gravity failed to prevent the slow-to-fast myofiber transition in the soleus muscle in space. These results suggest that lunar gravity is enough to maintain proteostasis, but a greater gravitational force is required to prevent the myofiber type transition. Our study proposes that different gravitational thresholds may be required for skeletal muscle adaptation.
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- 2023
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6. Lumbar ossification of the ligamentum flavum reflects a strong ossification tendency of the entire spinal ligament
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Kazuha Nakabachi, Tsutomu Endo, Masahiko Takahata, Ryo Fujita, Yoshinao Koike, Ryota Suzuki, Yuichi Hasegawa, Toshifumi Murakami, Katsuhisa Yamada, Hideki Sudo, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Ken Kadoya, and Norimasa Iwasaki
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the lumbar spine may be at high risk of developing concomitant ossification of the entire spinal ligament, but the etiology remains unclear. We investigated the propensity for spinal ligament ossification in asymptomatic subjects with lumbar OLF using the data of 595 Japanese individuals receiving medical check-ups, including computed tomography (CT) scanning. The severity of OLF (total number of intervertebral segments with OLF) of the entire spine on CT was quantified using an OLF index. Subjects with OLF were grouped according to this index: localized OLF (n = 138), intermediate OLF (n = 70), and extensive OLF (n = 31). The proportion of subjects with lumbar OLF increased with increasing OLF index (localized 13.7%, intermediate 41.4%, and extensive 70.9%). Multiple regression analysis found that lumbar OLF index was associated with thoracic OLF index, and co-existence of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the thoracic and lumbar spine. This study showed that subjects with more multilevel lumbar OLF were more likely to develop multilevel thoracic OLF and to have coexisting OPLL. Patients with lumbar OLF may be a distinctive subgroup with a strong tendency to ossification of the entire spinal ligament.
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- 2023
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7. Strong relationship between dyslipidemia and the ectopic ossification of the spinal ligaments
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Tsutomu Endo, Masahiko Takahata, Ryo Fujita, Yoshinao Koike, Ryota Suzuki, Yuichi Hasegawa, Toshifumi Murakami, Misaki Ishii, Katsuhisa Yamada, Hideki Sudo, and Norimasa Iwasaki
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Obesity and metabolic disturbances are prevalent in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF); however, the involvement of dyslipidemia (DL) in OPLL/OLF remains uncertain. We investigated the association between dyslipidemia and OPLL/OLF using a dataset of 458 individuals receiving health screening tests, including computed tomography. Subjects were grouped according to the presence or location of OPLL/OLF: controls (no OPLL/OLF, n = 230), OLF (n = 167), cervical OPLL (n = 28), and thoracic OPLL (n = 33). They were also grouped according to the presence of dyslipidemia (DL[+], n = 215; DL[−], n = 243). The proportion of dyslipidemia in the OLF and OPLL groups was 1.6–2.2 times higher than that in the control group. The proportion of OLF and OPLL in the DL(+) group was significantly higher than that in the DL(−) group (OLF, 43% vs. 29%; cervical OPLL, 14.4% vs. 3.2%; thoracic OPLL, 11.1% vs. 3.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an association between all ossification types and dyslipidemia. This study demonstrated an association of dyslipidemia with OPLL/OLF; further investigation on the causal relationship between dyslipidemia and ectopic spinal ligament ossification is warranted to develop a therapeutic intervention for OPLL/OLF.
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- 2022
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8. Generation of a MyoD knock-in reporter mouse line to study muscle stem cell dynamics and heterogeneity
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Ryo Fujita, Seiya Mizuno, Taketaro Sadahiro, Takuto Hayashi, Takehito Sugasawa, Fumihiro Sugiyama, Yusuke Ono, Satoru Takahashi, and Masaki Ieda
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Cell biology ,Molecular biology ,Stem cells research ,Science - Abstract
Summary: Myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD) dynamics define the activation status of muscle stem cells (MuSCs), aiding in muscle tissue regeneration after injury. However, the lack of experimental platforms to monitor MyoD dynamics in vitro and in vivo has hampered the investigation of fate determination and heterogeneity of MuSCs. Herein, we report a MyoD knock-in (MyoD-KI) reporter mouse expressing tdTomato at the endogenous MyoD locus. Expression of tdTomato in MyoD-KI mice recapitulated the endogenous MyoD expression dynamics in vitro and during the early phase of regeneration in vivo. Additionally, we showed that tdTomato fluorescence intensity defines MuSC activation status without immunostaining. Based on these features, we developed a high-throughput screening system to assess the effects of drugs on the behavior of MuSCs in vitro. Thus, MyoD-KI mice are an invaluable resource for studying the dynamics of MuSCs, including their fate decisions and heterogeneity, and for drug screening in stem cell therapy.
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- 2023
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9. Inhibition of microRNA-33b specifically ameliorates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation via suppression of inflammatory pathways
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Tomohiro Yamasaki, Takahiro Horie, Satoshi Koyama, Tetsushi Nakao, Osamu Baba, Masahiro Kimura, Naoya Sowa, Kazuhisa Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Satoshi Obika, Yuuya Kasahara, Jun Kotera, Kozo Oka, Ryo Fujita, Takashi Sasaki, Akihiro Takemiya, Koji Hasegawa, Kenji Minatoya, Takeshi Kimura, and Koh Ono
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a lethal disease, but no beneficial therapeutic agents have been established to date. Previously, we found that AAA formation is suppressed in microRNA (miR)-33-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Mice have only one miR-33, but humans have two miR-33 s, miR-33a and miR-33b. The data so far strongly support that inhibiting miR-33a or miR-33b will be a new strategy to treat AAA. We produced two specific anti-microRNA oligonucleotides (AMOs) that may inhibit miR-33a and miR-33b, respectively. In vitro studies showed that the AMO against miR-33b was more effective; therefore, we examined the in vivo effects of this AMO in a calcium chloride (CaCl2)-induced AAA model in humanized miR-33b knock-in mice. In this model, AAA was clearly improved by application of anti-miR-33b. To further elucidate the mechanism, we evaluated AAA 1 week after CaCl2 administration to examine the effect of anti-miR-33b. Histological examination revealed that the number of MMP-9-positive macrophages and the level of MCP-1 in the aorta of mice treated with anti-miR-33b was significantly reduced, and the serum lipid profile was improved compared with mice treated with control oligonucleotides. These results support that inhibition of miR-33b is effective in the treatment for AAA.
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- 2022
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10. Tissue accumulation of neutrophil extracellular traps mediates muscle hyperalgesia in a mouse model
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Kazuaki Suzuki, Masahiro Tsuchiya, Shinichirou Yoshida, Kazumi Ogawa, Weijian Chen, Makoto Kanzaki, Tadahisa Takahashi, Ryo Fujita, Yuqing Li, Yutaka Yabe, Toshimi Aizawa, and Yoshihiro Hagiwara
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Accumulation of uric acid (UA) during muscular trauma is a factor involved in the development of muscle hyperalgesia. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), DNA-based reticular structures to capture UA, play a central role in the pain onset of gout attacks; however, the involvement of NETs via the elevation of local UA level in muscle hyperalgesia due to injuries from muscle overuse remains unknown. The triceps surae muscles (TSMs) in the unilateral hindlimb of mice were electrically stimulated to induce excessive muscle contraction. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds, tissue UA levels, neutrophil recruitment, and protein amount of citrullinated histone 3 (citH3), a major marker of NETs, were investigated. Furthermore, whether neutrophil depletion, extracellular DNA cleavage, and administration of the urate-lowering agent febuxostat improved muscle hyperalgesia caused by NET formation was examined. CitH3 expression upon neutrophil recruitment was significantly increased in the stimulated TSMs with increased tissue UA levels, whereas febuxostat administration improved muscle hyperalgesia with decreased citH3 and tissue UA levels, as observed in neutrophil depletion and extracellular DNA digestion. The underlying mechanism of muscle hyperalgesia associated with locally recruited neutrophils forming NETs due to increased tissue UA levels potentially plays a significant role in creating a vicious circle of muscle pain.
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- 2022
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11. Close association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine
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Tsutomu Endo, Yoshinao Koike, Hideaki Miyoshi, Yuichiro Hisada, Ryo Fujita, Ryota Suzuki, Masaru Tanaka, Takeru Tsujimoto, Yukitoshi Shimamura, Yuichi Hasegawa, Masahiro Kanayama, Tomoyuki Hashimoto, Fumihiro Oha, Naoki Noro, Kiyofumi Komano, Misaki Ishii, Yoichi M. Ito, Norimasa Iwasaki, and Masahiko Takahata
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the spine is a disease of unknown etiology occurring frequently in individuals with metabolic disturbances. Obesity has been suggested as a potential risk factor for the severity of OPLL. We aimed to investigate whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with OPLL severity. We assessed the severity of NAFLD by a liver-to-spleen (L/S) ratio on computed tomography (CT) scans of 85 symptomatic OPLL patients at a single institution in Japan. We also assessed the severity of OPLL by CT reconstruction sagittal and axial images. The prevalence of NAFLD in middle-aged patients (age
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- 2021
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12. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) deficiency accelerates fast fibre type transition in soleus muscle during space flight
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Takuto Hayashi, Takashi Kudo, Ryo Fujita, Shin-ichiro Fujita, Hirona Tsubouchi, Sayaka Fuseya, Riku Suzuki, Michito Hamada, Risa Okada, Masafumi Muratani, Dai Shiba, Takafumi Suzuki, Eiji Warabi, Masayuki Yamamoto, and Satoru Takahashi
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Hayashi et al. report on the effect of space flight on muscle mass, fibre size and type, composition and gene signalling of muscle in WT and Nrf2-KO mice. Their results demonstrate a key role of NRF2 in maintaining the slow-type fibres of soleus muscle during space flight and in microgravity environments.
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- 2021
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13. TR1801‐ADC: a highly potent cMet antibody–drug conjugate with high activity in patient‐derived xenograft models of solid tumors
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Marco Gymnopoulos, Oscar Betancourt, Vincent Blot, Ryo Fujita, Diana Galvan, Vincent Lieuw, Sophie Nguyen, Jeanette Snedden, Christine Stewart, Jose Villicana, Jon Wojciak, Eley Wong, Raul Pardo, Neki Patel, Francois D’Hooge, Balakumar Vijayakrishnan, Conor Barry, John A. Hartley, Philip W. Howard, Roland Newman, and Julia Coronella
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antibody ,drug conjugate ,cMet ,gastrointestinal cancer ,pyrrolobenzodiazepine ,solid tumors ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
cMet is a well‐characterized oncogene that is the target of many drugs including small molecule and biologic pathway inhibitors, and, more recently, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs). However, the clinical benefit from cMet‐targeted therapy has been limited. We developed a novel cMet‐targeted ‘third‐generation’ ADC, TR1801‐ADC, that was optimized at different levels including specificity, stability, toxin–linker, conjugation site, and in vivo efficacy. Our nonagonistic cMet antibody was site‐specifically conjugated to the pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) toxin–linker tesirine and has picomolar activity in cancer cell lines derived from different solid tumors including lung, colorectal, and gastric cancers. The potency of our cMet ADC is independent of MET gene copy number, and its antitumor activity was high not only in high cMet‐expressing cell lines but also in medium‐to‐low cMet cell lines (40 000–90 000 cMet/cell) in which a cMet ADC with tubulin inhibitor payload was considerably less potent. In vivo xenografts with low–medium cMet expression were also very responsive to TR1801‐ADC at a single dose, while a cMet ADC using a tubulin inhibitor showed a substantially reduced efficacy. Furthermore, TR1801‐ADC had excellent efficacy with significant antitumor activity in 90% of tested patient‐derived xenograft models of gastric, colorectal, and head and neck cancers: 7 of 10 gastric models, 4 of 10 colorectal cancer models, and 3 of 10 head and neck cancer models showed complete tumor regression after a single‐dose administration. Altogether, TR1801‐ADC is a new generation cMet ADC with best‐in‐class preclinical efficacy and good tolerability in rats.
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- 2020
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14. Cancelable Permutation-Based Indexing for Secure and Efficient Biometric Identification
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Takao Murakami, Ryo Fujita, Tetsushi Ohki, Yosuke Kaga, Masakazu Fujio, and Kenta Takahashi
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Biometrics ,cancelable biometrics ,GAN ,perfect secrecy ,permutation-based indexing ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Cancelable biometric schemes have been widely studied to protect templates in biometric authentication over networks. These schemes transform biometric features and perform pattern matching without restoring the original features. Although they strongly prevent the leakage of the original features, the response time can be very long in a large-scale biometric identification system. Most of the existing indexing schemes cannot be used to speed up the biometric identification system over networks since a biometric index leaks some information about the original feature. Secure and efficient indexing is a major challenge in large-scale biometric identification over networks. In this paper, we propose a novel indexing scheme that is promising with regard to both security and efficiency. The proposed indexing scheme transforms a permutation-based index, which is the state-of-the-art index in the field of similarity search, and performs a query search without recovering the original index. We also propose a method to artificially generate biometric features necessary to generate an index (which are called “pivots”) based on GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks). We prove that the transformed index leaks no information about the original index and the original biometric feature (i.e., perfect secrecy), and comprehensively show that the proposed indexing scheme has the irreversibility, unlinkability, and revocability. We then demonstrate that the proposed indexing scheme significantly outperforms the existing indexing schemes using three real datasets (face, fingerprint, and finger-vein datasets), and is very promising with respect to the accuracy and response time.
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- 2019
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15. Clinical and Radiological Comparison between Three Different Minimally Invasive Surgical Fusion Techniques for Single-Level Lumbar Isthmic and Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Minimally Invasive Surgical Posterolateral Fusion versus Minimally Invasive Surgical Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion versus Midline Lumbar Fusion
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Mohamed Elmekaty, Yoshihisa Kotani, Emad El Mehy, Yohan Robinson, Ahmed El Tantawy, Ivan Sekiguchi, and Ryo Fujita
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Thoracolumbar spine ,Isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis ,Minimally invasive spine surgery ,Midline lumbar fusion ,Modified cortical bone trajectory screw ,Medicine - Abstract
Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Purpose Comparison between three different minimally invasive surgical (MIS) fusion techniques for single-level lumbar spondylolisthesis. Overview of Literature There has been an increase in the development and utilization of MIS techniques for lumbar spine fusion. No study has compared the efficacy of MIS-posterolateral fusion (MIS-PLF), MIS-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF), and midline lumbar fusion (MIDLF) with modified cortical bone trajectory screws for lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods Fifty-nine patients with single-level lumbar spondylolisthesis and a minimum follow-up period of 1 year were included in this study. The MIS-PLF, MIS-TLIF, and MIDLF groups included 22, 15, and 22 patients, respectively. The average age of the groups was 70.6, 49.3, and 62.7 years, respectively. The evaluation parameters were operation time, intraoperative bleeding, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) value, creatine kinase (CK) value, and overall functional outcome as per the Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) score. The changes in the lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), segmental disc angle (SDA), and disc height were measured. Fusion rate, screw loosening, and loss of correction were also assessed. Results MIDLF showed a significantly shorter operation time (111 min), less bleeding amount (112.5 mL), and lower values of CRP and CK than the other two techniques. There was no significant difference in the JOABPEQ scores of the three groups. MIDLF resulted in a greater increase in the LLA and SDA postoperatively. MIDLF and MIS-TLIF resulted in a significant increase in the middle disc height compared with MIS-PLF. MIDLF showed a lower loss of correction after 6 months postoperatively (2.6%) than MIS-PLF (5.2%) and MIS-TLIF (4.2%). The fusion rate was 100% in the MIDLF and MIS-TLIF groups and 90% in the MIS-PLF group. Screw loosening occurred in 10% of the MIS-PLF cases, 7.14% of the MIS-TLIF cases, and 4.76% of the MIDLF cases. Conclusions MIDLF was the least invasive, and there was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of fusion, screw loosening, and clinical outcomes.
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- 2018
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16. Distinct Roles of Zmynd17 and PGC1α in Mitochondrial Quality Control and Biogenesis in Skeletal Muscle
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Kiyoshi Yoshioka, Ryo Fujita, Daiki Seko, Takashi Suematsu, Shinji Miura, and Yusuke Ono
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skeletal muscle ,mitochondria ,Zmynd17 ,Mss51 ,Pgc1 ,glucose intolerance ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Maintaining skeletal muscle mitochondrial quality is important not only for muscle activity but also for systemic metabolism. Exercise has long been recognized to have a positive impact on muscle mitochondrial quality. Although exercise triggers various changes in the mitochondrial dynamics, its molecular basis remains to be elucidated. We have previously reported that inactivation of the muscle-specific protein, zinc finger MYND domain-containing protein 17 (Zmynd17), results in mitochondrial abnormalities. To investigate the link between Zmynd17 activity and exercise-induced mitochondrial maintenance, we observed the effect of consecutive exercise on the mitochondrial quality in Zmynd17-deficient muscles. Zmynd17-deficient mice displayed abnormal mitochondrial morphology in limb muscles, which remarkably improved upon voluntary exercise. Interestingly, morphological abnormalities in mitochondria were even more apparent when PGC1α, a regulator of exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis, was overexpressed in Zmynd17-KO limb muscle. These abnormalities were also ameliorated by voluntary exercise. Our results show that neither the effect of consecutive exercise on mitochondrial quality nor PGC1α-induced mitochondrial biogenesis are mediated through Zmynd17 activity, thereby suggesting the existence of a complex mechanism of mitochondrial quality control in muscles.
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- 2019
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17. Molecular Combing of a Flexible Polymer Chain by Simple Spin-Casting
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Chisato Shimanuki, Yuuma Matsuta, Ryo Fujita, and Jiro Kumaki
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2018
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18. Fragile X mental retardation protein regulates skeletal muscle stem cell activity by regulating the stability of Myf5 mRNA
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Ryo Fujita, Victoria Zismanov, Jean-Marie Jacob, Solène Jamet, Krum Asiev, and Colin Crist
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Muscle stem cell ,Satellite cell ,Fragile X mental retardation protein ,Myogenic regulatory factor Myf5 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Regeneration of adult tissues relies on adult stem cells that are primed to enter a differentiation program, while typically remaining quiescent. In mouse skeletal muscle, these features are reconciled by multiple translational control mechanisms that ensure primed muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are not activated. In quiescent MuSCs, this concept is illustrated by reversible microRNA silencing of Myf5 translation, mediated by microRNA-31 and fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Methods In this work, we take advantage of FMRP knockout (Fmr1 −/− ) mice to support the role for FMRP in maintaining stem cell properties of the MuSC. We compare the activity of MuSCs in vivo after acute injury and engraftment, as well as ex vivo during culture. We use RNA immunoprecipitation and 3’UTR poly-adenine (poly(A)) length assays to assess the impact of FMRP on the stability of transcripts for myogenic regulatory factors. Results We show that RNA-binding FMRP is required to maintain the MuSC pool. More specifically, FMRP is required for stem cell properties of muscle stem cells, which include MuSC capacity to prime the myogenic program, their self-renewal, and their capacity to efficiently regenerate muscle. We provide evidence that FMRP regulation of MuSC activity occurs in part by the capacity of FMRP to directly bind Myf5 transcripts and impact rates of Myf5 deadenylation. Conclusions Our results provide further evidence supporting a role for post-transcriptional silencing platforms by RNA-binding proteins in maintaining stemness properties of adult stem cells. In addition, deregulated MuSC activity in the absence of Fmr1 may have implications for fragile X syndrome, which is associated with muscle hypotonia during infancy.
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- 2017
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19. Ship-based observations of atmospheric potential oxygen and regional air–sea O2 flux in the northern North Pacific and the Arctic Ocean
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Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Hiroshi Uchida, Daisuke Sasano, Naohiro Kosugi, Shoichi Taguchi, Masao Ishii, Shinji Morimoto, Yasunori Tohjima, Shigeto Nishino, Shohei Murayama, Shuji Aoki, Kentaro Ishijima, Ryo Fujita, Daisuke Goto, and Takakiyo Nakazawa
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atmospheric potential oxygen ,air-sea O2 flux ,ship observation ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
Simultaneous observations of atmospheric potential oxygen (APO=O2+1.1×CO2) and air–sea O2 flux, derived from dissolved oxygen in surface seawater, were carried out onboard the research vessel MIRAI in the northern North Pacific and the Arctic Ocean in the autumns of 2012–2014. A simulation of the APO was also carried out using a three-dimensional atmospheric transport model that incorporated a monthly air–sea O2 flux climatology. By comparing the observed and simulated APO, as well as the observed and climatological air–sea O2 fluxes, it was found that the large day-to-day variation in the observed APO can be attributed to the day-to-day variation in the local air–sea O2 fluxes around the observation sites. It was also found that the average value of the observed air–sea O2 fluxes was systematically higher than that of the climatological O2 flux. This could explain the discrepancy between the observed and simulated seasonal APO cycles widely seen at various northern hemispheric observational sites in the fall season.
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- 2016
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20. Long-term variations of the mole fraction and carbon isotope ratio of atmospheric methane observed at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard from 1996 to 2013
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Shinji Morimoto, Ryo Fujita, Shuji Aoki, Daisuke Goto, and Takakiyo Nakazawa
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atmospheric methane ,stable carbon isotope ,greenhouse gas ,Arctic ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
We have conducted systematic observations of the CH4 mole fraction and its carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78°55′N, 11°56′E) using air samples collected weekly since 1991 and 1996, respectively. The CH4 mole fraction showed long-term increase until 1999, stagnation between 2000 and 2006, followed by an increase after 2006. On the other hand, δ13C showed monotonous increase until 2006 and decrease after 2006. By comparing the rates of change in the CH4 mole fraction and δ13C under the assumption that the atmospheric CH4 lifetime is constant, it is suggested that the temporal pause of the CH4 mole fraction observed at Ny-Ålesund is attributed to reductions of CH4 release from the microbial and fossil fuel sectors. On the other hand, the increase in CH4 after 2006 could be ascribed to an increase in microbial CH4 release. The CH4 and δ13C data presented in this paper would be useful for clarifying their temporal variations in the Arctic atmosphere, as well as providing additional constraints on the global CH4 budget.
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- 2017
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21. An Investigation of PSA Certified.
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SeongHan Shin, Tomoyuki Ogawa, Ryo Fujita, Mari Itoh, and Hirotaka Yoshida
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- 2022
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22. A study on anomaly prediction method of machine tools - Feature extraction for anomaly prediction.
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Ryo Fujita and Takashi Yoshimi
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- 2017
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23. Direct Reprogramming Improves Cardiac Function and Reverses Fibrosis in Chronic Myocardial Infarction
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Hidenori Tani, Taketaro Sadahiro, Yu Yamada, Mari Isomi, Hiroyuki Yamakawa, Ryo Fujita, Yuto Abe, Tatsuya Akiyama, Koji Nakano, Yuta Kuze, Masahide Seki, Yutaka Suzuki, Manabu Fujisawa, Mamiko Sakata-Yanagimoto, Shigeru Chiba, Keiichi Fukuda, and Masaki Ieda
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Physiology (medical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Background: Because adult cardiomyocytes have little regenerative capacity, resident cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) synthesize extracellular matrix after myocardial infarction (MI) to form fibrosis, leading to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Therapies that can regenerate the myocardium and reverse fibrosis in chronic MI are lacking. The overexpression of cardiac transcription factors, including Mef2c/Gata4/Tbx5/Hand2 (MGTH), can directly reprogram CFs into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) and improve cardiac function under acute MI. However, the ability of in vivo cardiac reprogramming to repair chronic MI with established scars is undetermined. Methods: We generated a novel Tcf21 iCre /reporter/MGTH2A transgenic mouse system in which tamoxifen treatment could induce both MGTH and reporter expression in the resident CFs for cardiac reprogramming and fibroblast lineage tracing. We first tested the efficacy of this transgenic system in vitro and in vivo for acute MI. Next, we analyzed in vivo cardiac reprogramming and fusion events under chronic MI using Tcf21 iCre /Tomato/MGTH2A and Tcf21 iCre /mTmG/MGTH2A mice, respectively. Microarray and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to determine the mechanism of cardiac repair by in vivo reprogramming. Results: We confirmed the efficacy of transgenic in vitro and in vivo cardiac reprogramming for acute MI. In chronic MI, in vivo cardiac reprogramming converted ≈2% of resident CFs into iCMs, in which a majority of iCMs were generated by means of bona fide cardiac reprogramming rather than by fusion with cardiomyocytes. Cardiac reprogramming significantly improved myocardial contraction and reduced fibrosis in chronic MI. Microarray analyses revealed that the overexpression of MGTH activated cardiac program and concomitantly suppressed fibroblast and inflammatory signatures in chronic MI. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that resident CFs consisted of 7 subclusters, in which the profibrotic CF population increased under chronic MI. Cardiac reprogramming suppressed fibroblastic gene expression in chronic MI by means of conversion of profibrotic CFs to a quiescent antifibrotic state. MGTH overexpression induced antifibrotic effects partly by suppression of Meox1, a central regulator of fibroblast activation. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that cardiac reprogramming could repair chronic MI by means of myocardial regeneration and reduction of fibrosis. These findings present opportunities for the development of new therapies for chronic MI and heart failure.
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- 2023
24. Posterolateral full-endoscopic debridement and irrigation is effective in treating thoraco-lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis, except in cases with large abscess cavities
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Katsuhisa Yamada, Masahiko Takahata, Ken Nagahama, Akira Iwata, Tsutomu Endo, Ryo Fujita, Hiroyuki Hasebe, Takashi Ohnishi, Hideki Sudo, Manabu Ito, and Norimasa Iwasaki
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Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery - Abstract
To determine the efficacy and poor prognostic factors of posterolateral full-endoscopic debridement and irrigation (PEDI) surgery for thoraco-lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis.We included 64 patients (46 men, 18 women; average age: 63.7 years) with thoracic/lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis who had undergone PEDI treatment and were followed up for more than 2 years. Clinical outcomes after PEDI surgery were retrospectively investigated to analyze the incidence and risk factors for prolonged and recurrent infection.Of 64 patients, 53 (82.8%) were cured of infection after PEDI surgery, and nine (17.2%) had prolonged or recurrent infection. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that significant risk factors for poor prognosis included a large intervertebral abscess cavity (P = 0.02) and multilevel intervertebral infections (P 0.05).PEDI treatment is an effective, minimally invasive procedure for pyogenic spondylodiscitis. However, a large intervertebral abscess space could cause instability at the infected spinal column, leading to prolonged or recurrent infection after PEDI. In cases with a large abscess cavity with or without vertebral bone destruction, endoscopic drainage alone may have a poor prognosis, and spinal fixation surgery could be considered.
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- 2022
25. A Comparison of Machine Learning Classifiers for FPGA Implementation of HOG-Based Human Detection.
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Masahito Oishi, Yoshiki Hayashida, Ryo Fujita, Yuichiro Shibata, and Kiyoshi Oguri
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- 2016
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26. Secure Semantic Computing.
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Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Ryo Fujita, and Shigeo Tsujii
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- 2016
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27. Distinct progression pattern of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the thoracic spine versus the cervical spine: a longitudinal whole-spine CT study
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Yuichiro, Hisada, Tsutomu, Endo, Yoshinao, Koike, Masahiro, Kanayama, Ryota, Suzuki, Ryo, Fujita, Katsuhisa, Yamada, Akira, Iwata, Hiroyuki, Hasebe, Hideki, Sudo, Norimasa, Iwasaki, and Masahiko, Takahata
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General Medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data regarding risk factors for the progression of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the thoracic spine are scarce. Therefore, in this study, the authors aimed to elucidate the difference in the radiographic progression pattern of OPLL and its risk factors between cervical and thoracic OPLL using longitudinally acquired whole-spine CT scans. METHODS Overall, 123 patients with symptomatic OPLL who underwent repeated whole-spine CT examinations, with an average interval of 49 months (at least 3 years) between scans, were retrospectively reviewed. Progression of OPLL was assessed to compare the distribution of OPLL over the entire spine on the initial and final CT scans. Patients were divided into a cervical OPLL (C-OPLL) group and a thoracic OPLL (T-OPLL) group according to the location of the main lesion. The progression pattern of OPLL and its risk factors were compared between the two groups using the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS In the C-OPLL group, 15 (22.1%) of 68 patients had OPLL progression, of whom 12 patients (80.0%) had progression only in the cervical spine and 3 patients (20.0%) had progression in multiple regions (cervical and thoracic/lumbar). In the T-OPLL group, 16 (29.1%) of 55 patients had OPLL progression, of which 3 patients (18.8%) had progression only in the thoracic spine and 8 patients (50.0%) had progression in multiple regions. Young age was a common risk factor for OPLL progression regardless of the location of OPLL, and this trend was more pronounced in the T-OPLL group than in the C-OPLL group. High BMI, male sex, and multilevel, severe T-OPLL were identified as independent risk factors for progression of T-OPLL (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.37; OR 10.5, 95% CI 1.39–81.94; and OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.16–1.45, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Patients with T-OPLL are predisposed to diffuse progression of OPLL over the entire spine, whereas patients with C-OPLL are likely to have progression in only the cervical spine. Young age and high BMI are significant risk factors for OPLL progression, especially in patients with T-OPLL. Our study highlights the need for continued follow-up in patients with T-OPLL, especially in young patients and those with obesity, for early detection of spinal cord and cauda equina symptoms due to the progression of OPLL throughout the spine.
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- 2022
28. Dyslipidemia as a novel risk for the development of symptomatic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
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Shotaro Fukada, Tsutomu Endo, Masahiko Takahata, Masahiro Kanayama, Yoshinao Koike, Ryo Fujita, Ryota Suzuki, Toshifumi Murakami, Tomoka Hasegawa, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Tomoyuki Hashimoto, Kastuhisa Yamada, Hideki Sudo, Ken Kadoya, and Norimasa Iwasaki
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Surgery ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2023
29. Proposal of the Multivariate Public Key Cryptosystem Relying on the Difficulty of Factoring a Product of Two Large Prime Numbers.
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Shigeo Tsujii, Kohtaro Tadaki, Ryo Fujita, and Masahito Gotaishi
- Published
- 2016
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30. Effect of Fe Content on Steady-State Grain Size in Ni-Fe Alloys
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Hirokazu Sato, Akito Tasaki, Ryo Fujita, Nozomu Adachi, Yoshikazu Todaka, and Yasuhiro Kobayashi
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Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2022
31. Proposal of Multivariate Public Key Cryptosystem Based on Modulus of Numerous Prime Numbers and CRT with Security of IND-CPA.
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Shigeo Tsujii, Ryo Fujita, and Masahito Gotaishi
- Published
- 2020
32. Mechanistic study of water–gas shift reaction over copper/zinc-oxide/alumina catalyst in a reformed gas atmosphere: Influence of hydrogen on reaction rate
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Keita Taniya, Yasuhiro Horie, Ryo Fujita, Yuichi Ichihashi, and Satoru Nishiyama
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Process Chemistry and Technology ,Catalysis ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2023
33. Flk1 Deficiency and Hypoxia Synergistically Promote Endothelial Dysfunction, Vascular Remodeling, and Pulmonary Hypertension.
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Tatsuya Akiyama, Taketaro Sadahiro, Yu Yamada, Ryo Fujita, Yuto Abe, Koji Nakano, Seiichiro Honda, Masatsugu Ema, Yoshiaki Kubota, Satoshi Sakai, Nobuyuki Hizawa, and Masaki Ieda
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- 2023
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34. Inhibition of microRNA-33b in humanized mice ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Sawa Miyagawa, Takahiro Horie, Tomohiro Nishino, Satoshi Koyama, Toshimitsu Watanabe, Osamu Baba, Tomohiro Yamasaki, Naoya Sowa, Chiharu Otani, Kazuki Matsushita, Hidenori Kojima, Masahiro Kimura, Yasuhiro Nakashima, Satoshi Obika, Yuuya Kasahara, Jun Kotera, Kozo Oka, Ryo Fujita, Takashi Sasaki, and Akihiro Takemiya
- Published
- 2023
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35. Association between obesity and ossification of spinal ligaments in 622 asymptomatic subjects: a cross-sectional study
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Tsutomu Endo, Masahiko Takahata, Yoshinao Koike, Ryo Fujita, Ryota Suzuki, Yuichiro Hisada, Yuichi Hasegawa, Hisataka Suzuki, Katsuhisa Yamada, Akira Iwata, Hideki Sudo, Daisuke Yoneoka, and Norimasa Iwasaki
- Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies ,Ligamentum Flavum ,Endocrinology ,Osteogenesis ,Ossification, Heterotopic ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Obesity ,General Medicine ,Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament - Abstract
Previous studies on patients with symptoms of spinal ligament ossification, including ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ligamentum flavum (OLF), have not clarified whether obesity is a cause or consequence of these diseases and were limited by selection bias. Thus, we investigated the association between obesity and the prevalence of spinal ligament ossification in randomly selected asymptomatic subjects.Between April 2020 and March 2021, 622 asymptomatic Japanese subjects who underwent computed tomography of neck to pelvis for medical check-up purposes were included. All subjects were divided into the following three groups: normal weight (body mass index [BMI] 25 kg/mThe proportion of subjects with thoracic OPLL was significantly higher in the obese II group than in the other two groups (vs. normal weight, P 0.001; vs. obese I, P 0.001). BMI was associated with the prevalence of OLF, cervical OPLL, thoracic OPLL, and ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (OALL). BMI was most significantly associated with the prevalence of thoracic OPLL (β, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.17-0.39).BMI was associated with the prevalence of OALL, cervical OPLL, thoracic OPLL, and OLF in asymptomatic subjects, suggesting that obesity is associated with the development of heterotopic ossification of the spinal ligaments.
- Published
- 2022
36. Involvement of Siglec-15 in regulating RAP1/RAC signaling in cytoskeletal remodeling in osteoclasts mediated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- Author
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Masahiko Takahata, Hideyuki Kobayashi, Masahiro Ota, Tomoka Hasegawa, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Tomomaya Yamamoto, Tomohiro Shimizu, Dai Sato, Ryo Fujita, Norio Amizuka, and Norimasa Iwasaki
- Abstract
DNAX-associated protein 12 kDa size (DAP12) is a dominant immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-signaling adaptor that activates costimulatory signals essential for osteoclastogenesis. Although several DAP12-associated receptors (DARs) have been identified in osteoclasts, including triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2), C-type lectin member 5A (CLEC5A), and sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec)-15, their precise role in the development of osteoclasts and bone remodeling remain poorly understood. In this study, mice deficient in Trem-2, Clec5a, Siglec-15 were generated. In addition, mice double deficient in these DAR genes and FcεRI gamma chain (FcR)γ, an alternative ITAM adaptor to DAP12, were generated. Bone mass analysis was conducted on all mice. Notably, Siglec-15 deficient mice and Siglec-15/FcRγ double deficient mice exhibited mild and severe osteopetrosis respectively. In contrast, other DAR deficient mice showed normal bone phenotype. Likewise, osteoclasts from Siglec-15 deficient mice failed to form an actin ring, suggesting that Siglec-15 promotes bone resorption principally by modulating the cytoskeletal organization of osteoclasts. Our results further demonstrated that Siglec-15 may be involved in macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) signaling; therefore, mediating cytoskeletal organization of osteoclasts via promoting activation of the Ras-associated protein-1 (RAP1)/Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) pathway, which is an essential component of the canonical osteoclast cytoskeletal organization complex. Furthermore, biochemical analysis revealed that Sigelc-15 activates M-CSF-induced Rac1 pathway through formation of a complex with p130CAS and CrkII, leading to cytoskeletal remodeling of osteoclasts. Our data provide genetic and biochemical evidence that Siglec-15 facilitates M-CSF-induced cytoskeletal remodeling of the osteoclasts.
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- 2023
37. High Throughput Screening of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Myoblasts and Differentiated Myotubes
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Kohei Takeda, Tohru Takemasa, and Ryo Fujita
- Published
- 2023
38. Highly refractory dunite formation at Gibbs Island and Bruce Bank, and its role in the evolution of the circum-Antarctic continent
- Author
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Norikatsu Akizawa, Asuka Yamaguchi, Kenichiro Tani, Akira Ishikawa, Ryo Fujita, and Sung Hi Choi
- Subjects
Geochemistry and Petrology - Abstract
The continental margin is of profound importance as it records continental growth by accretion of orogenic magmas and following continental rifting. A high degree of mantle melting due to hydrous fluid input is expected to simultaneously stimulate continental growth and lower the intrinsic density of the mantle than more fertile mantle, which in turn isolates the continental lithosphere from the convective mantle. The mantle peridotites from Gibbs Island (South Shetland Islands) and Bruce Bank in the Drake Passage provide us an insight into the tectonic history in the circum-Antarctic region. To elucidate the continental growth of Antarctica, we present geochemical data of eight dunites from Gibbs Island and one dunite from Bruce Bank, including Re–Os isotope and highly siderophile element compositions. The dunites are severely affected by serpentinization as evidenced by antigorite + brucite or lizardite (loss on ignition = LOI ranging from 3 to 34 wt.%) but contain primary euhedral to subhedral chromites with or without spherical inclusions. The chromites rarely form lens-shaped aggregates. A dunite from Gibbs Island contains fresh olivine grains filling a fracture in the chromite with low LOI (3 wt.%), indicating a deserpentinization origin from a precursor serpentinized dunite. The dunites show highly depleted bulk-rock major element compositions (Mg/Si = 1.4–1.6 and Al/Si = 0.004–0.01 for Gibbs Island dunites, Mg/Si = 0.66 and Al/Si = 0.008 for Bruce Bank dunite), overlapping a compositional field defined by forearc peridotites. The positive correlation in Re/Ir–LOI space corroborates Re input during the later serpentinization process. The 187Os/188Os ratios of the dunites range from 0.11907 to 0.14493. Phanerozoic Re-depletion (melt depletion) ages of ca. 535–129 Ma are recorded in the Gibbs Island dunites, except for one with a Mesoproterozoic Re-depletion age of ca. 1.2 Ga. Since there exists serpentinization-related perturbation of Re, the ages provide minimum time estimates for melt depletion events. The early Paleozoic melt depletion is inferred to have occurred at a very early stage of Antarctic Peninsula formation in response to plate convergence along the margin of Gondwana, whereas the Mesoproterozoic Re-depletion age reflects convecting mantle heterogeneity unrelated to any nearby crust-forming events. The petrographic characteristics of the chromites and highly depleted nature of the dunites are attributed to melt–peridotite reaction in a subduction zone setting. A feasible interpretation for the dunite formation is that the mantle had experienced two stages of melting with the final stage occurring along the Gondwana continental margin in the subduction zone setting. Resultant highly refractory lithospheric mantle was later displaced and dispersed during the Gondwana breakup. Widespread existence of the dunite may be attributed to multi-stage melt depletion along the continental margin.
- Published
- 2021
39. Correlations Between Range of Motion and Elasticity of the Coracohumeral Ligament Evaluated With Shear-Wave Elastography.
- Author
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Kenji Kanazawa, Yoshihiro Hagiwara, Takuya Sekiguchi, Ryo Fujita, Kazuaki Suzuki, Masashi Koide, Akira Ando, and Yutaka Yabe
- Subjects
GLENOHUMERAL joint physiology ,AGE distribution ,AGING ,BURSITIS ,CEREBRAL dominance ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,STATISTICAL correlation ,ELASTICITY ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,RANGE of motion of joints ,LABORATORIES ,STATISTICS ,SUPINE position ,T-test (Statistics) ,ULTRASONIC imaging ,DATA analysis ,ARTICULAR ligaments ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MANN Whitney U Test ,INTRACLASS correlation - Abstract
Context: Range of motion (ROM) in the glenohumeral joint decreases with age in healthy subjects; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The process of aging of the joint capsule, including the coracohumeral ligament (CHL), could affect ROM limitation. Objective: This study investigated correlations between elasticity of the CHL, evaluated by means of shear-wave elastography, and age, side dominance, and ROM in healthy individuals. Design: Experimental study. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: Eighty-four healthy volunteers (39 men and 45 women, mean age: 42.6 y) were included. Main outcome measures: Subjects were divided into 3 age groups: younger (20-39 y), middle (40-59 y), and older (≥60 y) age groups. With participants in the supine position, CHL elasticity in both shoulders was evaluated in both neutral and 30° external rotation, with arms at the sides. ROM, including forward flexion, lateral elevation, external rotation, 90° abduction with external rotation, and hand behind the back were measured with participants in the standing position. Results: The CHL elastic modulus was higher in the older group than in the younger group in the neutral (78.4 kPa [SD: 37.1] and 56.6 kPa [SD: 31.7], respectively) and 30° external rotation positions (135.5 kPa [SD: 63.5] and 71.4 kPa [SD: 32.2], respectively). Negative correlations were found between the CHL elastic modulus and ROM in terms of 30° external rotation and both external rotation (R = -.59, P = .02) and 90° abduction with external rotation (R = -.71, P = .003) in the older group, with correlation coefficients increasing with age. Conclusions: Significant correlations were identified between CHL elasticity and ROM in both external rotation and 90° abduction with external rotation with increasing age. Decreased CHL elasticity was strongly associated with decreased shoulder ROM in middle-aged and older individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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40. Close association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine
- Author
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Masaru Tanaka, Ryo Fujita, Misaki Ishii, Masahiro Kanayama, Naoki Noro, Hideaki Miyoshi, Yuichi Hasegawa, Yoshinao Koike, Masahiko Takahata, Fumihiro Oha, Yoichi M. Ito, Kiyofumi Komano, Norimasa Iwasaki, Tomoyuki Hashimoto, Takeru Tsujimoto, Yukitoshi Shimamura, Yuichiro Hisada, Ryota Suzuki, and Tsutomu Endo
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Metabolic disorders ,Disease ,Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ,Gastroenterology ,Article ,Japan ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Spine structure ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Multidisciplinary ,Ossification ,business.industry ,Fatty liver ,Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Sagittal plane ,Confidence interval ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Risk factors ,Etiology ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the spine is a disease of unknown etiology occurring frequently in individuals with metabolic disturbances. Obesity has been suggested as a potential risk factor for the severity of OPLL. We aimed to investigate whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with OPLL severity. We assessed the severity of NAFLD by a liver-to-spleen (L/S) ratio on computed tomography (CT) scans of 85 symptomatic OPLL patients at a single institution in Japan. We also assessed the severity of OPLL by CT reconstruction sagittal and axial images. The prevalence of NAFLD in middle-aged patients (age
- Published
- 2021
41. The Differences among Full Sternotomy, Partial Sternotomy, and Right Infra-axillary Thoracotomy with Stonehenge Technique for Aortic Valve Surgery
- Author
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Yasushi Tashima, Ryo Fujita, Taichi Sano, Noriyuki Nakamura, Koichi Adachi, Naoyuki Kimura, and Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Background: The surgical outcomes of trans-right axillary aortic valve replacement (AVR) with Stonehenge technique (SHAVR), which involves in pulling the heart closer to the right chest wall with retraction sutures of the pericardium to improve the surgical view, remains unknown although the partial sternotomy (PAVR) is widely recognized as a minimally invasive approach for AVR. We evaluated the surgical outcomes of the respective approaches compared to the conventional approach (CAVR).Methods: A retrospective analysis of 137 consecutive patients who underwent isolated and initial AVR was performed at our institution between January 2009 and December 2020. After matching propensity scores with preoperative characteristics, surgical outcomes were compared between the two groups (PAVR vs. CAVR: n = 22 each, SHAVR vs. CAVR: n = 28 each). Results: The SHAVR group did not show any significant differences in operative time, aortic cross-clamp time, CPB time, postoperative complications, and hospital death compared with the CAVR group. The length of hospital stay was likely to be shorter in the SHAVR group and the PAVR group than in the CAVR group (P = 0.043, P = 0.047). However, in the PAVR group, operative time, aortic cross-clamp time, and CPB time were significantly longer than in the CAVR group (P = 0.029, P = 0.015, P = 0.003), although there were no significant differences in postoperative complications and hospital death. Based on Multivariate risk analysis, PAVR (in comparison to SHAVR) was an independent risk factor for more than 2 hours of prolonged CPB time (P = 0.034).Conclusion: These findings suggest that SHAVR can be a safe technique and has cosmetic benefits and a faster CPB time than PAVR.
- Published
- 2022
42. Robust Matchings and Matroid Intersections.
- Author
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Ryo Fujita, Yusuke Kobayashi 0001, and Kazuhisa Makino
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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43. Individual and combined cytotoxicity effects of positively charged polystyrene nanoplastics and ionic surfactants on budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
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Maki Kojima, Ryo Fujita, Yumiko Hirohashi, Hirokazu Seto, and Hiroyuki Shinto
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,General Chemical Engineering - Published
- 2023
44. Q-data and Representation Theory of Untwisted Quantum Affine Algebras
- Author
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Ryo Fujita, Se jin Oh, Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu - Paris Rive Gauche (IMJ-PRG), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
- Subjects
Quantum affine algebra ,Pure mathematics ,[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph] ,Inverse ,01 natural sciences ,Representation theory ,symbols.namesake ,Mathematics::Quantum Algebra ,Mathematics - Quantum Algebra ,0103 physical sciences ,Lie algebra ,FOS: Mathematics ,Cartan matrix ,Quantum Algebra (math.QA) ,Mathematics - Combinatorics ,Representation Theory (math.RT) ,0101 mathematics ,Mathematics::Representation Theory ,Simple module ,Mathematical Physics ,Mathematics ,Weyl group ,010102 general mathematics ,Coxeter group ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,16. Peace & justice ,symbols ,Combinatorics (math.CO) ,010307 mathematical physics ,Mathematics - Representation Theory - Abstract
For a complex finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, we introduce the notion of Q-datum, which generalizes the notion of a Dynkin quiver with a height function from the viewpoint of Weyl group combinatorics. Using this notion, we develop a unified theory describing the twisted Auslander-Reiten quivers and the twisted adapted classes introduced in [O.-Suh, J. Algebra, 2019] with an appropriate notion of the generalized Coxeter elements. As a consequence, we obtain a combinatorial formula expressing the inverse of the quantum Cartan matrix of $\mathfrak{g}$, which generalizes the result of [Hernandez-Leclerc, J. Reine Angew. Math., 2015] in the simply-laced case. We also find several applications of our combinatorial theory of Q-data to the finite-dimensional representation theory of the untwisted quantum affine algebra of $\mathfrak{g}$. In particular, in terms of Q-data and the inverse of the quantum Cartan matrix, (i) we give an alternative description of the block decomposition results due to [Chari-Moura, Int. Math. Res. Not., 2005] and [Kashiwara-Kim-O.-Park, arXiv:2003.03265], (ii) we present a unified (partially conjectural) formula of the denominators of the normalized R-matrices between all the Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules, and (iii) we compute the invariants $\Lambda(V,W)$ and $\Lambda^\infty(V, W)$ introduced in [Kashiwara-Kim-O.-Park, Compos. Math., 2020] for each pair of simple modules $V$ and $W$., Comment: v2: 52 pages, a considerable revision. v3 : 52 pages, minor revision, final version
- Published
- 2021
45. Large Maf transcription factor family is a major regulator of fast type IIb myofiber determination
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Shunya Sadaki, Ryo Fujita, Takuto Hayashi, Ayano Nakamura, Yui Okamura, Sayaka Fuseya, Michito Hamada, Eiji Warabi, Akihiro Kuno, Akiko Ishii, Masafumi Muratani, Risa Okada, Dai Shiba, Takashi Kudo, Shin’ichi Takeda, and Satoru Takahashi
- Subjects
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Published
- 2023
46. Robust Matchings and Matroid Intersections.
- Author
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Ryo Fujita, Yusuke Kobayashi 0001, and Kazuhisa Makino
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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47. Coherent IC-sheaves on type 𝐴_{𝑛} affine Grassmannians and dual canonical basis of affine type 𝐴₁
- Author
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Michael Finkelberg and Ryo Fujita
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Pure mathematics ,Type (model theory) ,Dual (category theory) ,Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry ,Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry ,Mathematics (miscellaneous) ,Mathematics - Quantum Algebra ,Standard basis ,FOS: Mathematics ,Quantum Algebra (math.QA) ,Affine transformation ,Representation Theory (math.RT) ,Mathematics::Representation Theory ,Algebraic Geometry (math.AG) ,Mathematics - Representation Theory ,Mathematics - Abstract
The convolution ring $K^{GL_n(\mathcal{O})\rtimes\mathbb{C}^\times}(\mathrm{Gr}_{GL_n})$ was identified with a quantum unipotent cell of the loop group $LSL_2$ in [Cautis-Williams, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 32 (2019), pp. 709-778]. We identify the basis formed by the classes of irreducible equivariant perverse coherent sheaves with the dual canonical basis of the quantum unipotent cell., Comment: 23 pages, v2: minor revision, v3: replaced the statements of Theorems 2.2, 3.2 and 4.1 with ones for the integral forms, improved some explanations slightly, v4: minor revision
- Published
- 2021
48. Emissions from the Oil and Gas Sectors, Coal Mining and Ruminant Farming Drive Methane Growth over the Past Three Decades
- Author
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Nobuko Saigusa, Shinji Morimoto, Akihiko Ito, Ryo Fujita, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Shingo Watanabe, Jagat Singh Heet Bisht, Shuji Aoki, Josep G. Canadell, Taku Umezawa, Naveen Chandra, Naoko Saitoh, Prabir K. Patra, and Masayuki Takigawa
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,biology ,business.industry ,Fossil fuel ,Coal mining ,biology.organism_classification ,Methane ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Agriculture ,Ruminant ,Environmental protection ,Greenhouse gas ,Environmental science ,business - Published
- 2021
49. Lumbar ossification of the ligamentum flavum is associated with the spread of ossification to the entire spinal ligament
- Author
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Kazuha Nakabachi, Tsutomu Endo, Masahiko Takahata, Ryo Fujita, Yoshinao Koike, Ryota Suzuki, Yuichi Hasegawa, Toshifumi Murakami, Katsuhisa Yamada, Hideki Sudo, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Ken Kadoya, and Norimasa Iwasaki
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,musculoskeletal system - Abstract
Patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the lumbar spine may be at high risk of developing concomitant ossification of the entire spinal ligament, but the etiology remains unclear. We investigated the propensity for spinal ligament ossification in asymptomatic subjects with lumbar OLF using the data of 595 Japanese individuals receiving medical check-ups, including computed tomography (CT) scanning. The severity of OLF (total number of intervertebral segments with OLF) of the entire spine on CT was quantified using an OLF index. Subjects with OLF were grouped according to this index: localized OLF (n = 138), intermediate OLF (n = 70), and extensive OLF (n = 31). The proportion of subjects with lumbar OLF increased with increasing OLF index (localized 13.7%, intermediate 41.4%, and extensive 70.9%). Multiple regression analysis found that lumbar OLF index was associated with thoracic OLF index, and co-existence of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the thoracic and lumbar spine. This study showed that subjects with more multilevel lumbar OLF were more likely to develop multilevel thoracic OLF and to have coexisting OPLL. Patients with lumbar OLF may be a distinctive subgroup with a strong tendency to ossification of the entire spinal ligament.
- Published
- 2022
50. Bone biopsy findings in patients receiving long-term bisphosphonate therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
- Author
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Masahiko Takahata, Tomohiro Shimizu, Satoshi Yamada, Tomomaya Yamamoto, Tomoka Hasegawa, Ryo Fujita, Hideyuki Kobayashi, Tsutomu Endo, Yoshinao Koike, Norio Amizuka, Masahiro Todoh, Jun-ichiro Okumura, Tomomichi Kajino, and Norimasa Iwasaki
- Subjects
Diphosphonates ,Biopsy ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,X-Ray Microtomography ,General Medicine ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Fractures, Bone ,Endocrinology ,Bone Density ,Humans ,Osteoporosis ,Spinal Fractures ,Female ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Glucocorticoids - Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) have been shown to reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures during the first year or two of glucocorticoid (GC) treatments and are therefore recommended as a first-line treatment for GC-induced osteoporosis (GIO). However, there are theoretical concerns about the long-term use of BPs in low-turnover osteoporosis caused by chronic GC therapy.We analyzed the trabecular microarchitecture, bone metabolism, and material strength of iliac crest bone biopsy samples from 10 female patients with rheumatoid arthritis who received an average of 6.7 years of BP therapy for GIO (GIOBP group), compared with those of 10 age- and bone mineral density (BMD)-matched non-rheumatoid arthritis postmenopausal women (reference group).Patients in the GIOBP group had a significantly greater fracture severity index, as calculated from the number and the extent of vertebral fractures compared with the reference patients. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that the degree of mineralization and trabecular microarchitecture were significantly lower in the GIOBP group than in the reference patients. Patients in the GIOBP group exhibited lower bone contact stiffness, determined by micro-indentation testing, than in the reference group. The contact stiffness of the bone was negatively correlated with the fracture severity index and the daily prednisolone dosage. Immunohistochemistry and serum bone turnover markers showed decreased osteoclastic activity, impaired mineralization, and an increased fraction of empty lacunae in the GIOBP group.Our findings indicate that patients receiving long-term BP for GIO are still at high risk for fragility fractures because of poor bone quality.
- Published
- 2022
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