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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a worldwide problem and the most common substance use disorder. Chronic alcohol consumption may have negative effects on the body, the mind, the family, and even society. With the progress of current neuroimaging methods, an increasing number of imaging techniques are being used to objectively detect brain impairment induced by alcoholism and serve a vital role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment assessment of AUD. This article organizes and analyzes the research on alcohol dependence concerning the main noninvasive neuroimaging methods, structural magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography, as well as the most common noninvasive brain stimulation – transcranial magnetic stimulation, and intersperses the article with joint intra- and intergroup studies, providing an outlook on future research directions.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most frequent malignant tumor in the digestive system, with high metastasis potential and poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value and biological function of thioredoxin domain-containing protein 9 (TXNDC9) in GC. The expression of TXNDC9 was analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The prognostic value of TXNDC9 was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis. The mRNA and protein expression of TXNDC9 were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis. The effects of TXNDC9 on GC cell invasion and EMT were assessed in vitro, and its effects on tumorigenesis were confirmed using animal experiments. The activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway was examined by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. TXNDC9 was highly expressed in GC tissues and cell lines. A high level of TXNDC9 was associated with poor overall survival and served as an independent prognostic biomarker in GC patients. The knockdown of TXNDC9 led to restrained GC cell invasion, microtubule formation, and EMT in vitro, and suppressed tumorigenesis in vivo. In addition, the NF-κB signaling pathway was demonstrated to mediate the functional role of TXNDC9 in GC. In conclusion, this study found that high TXNDC9 predicted poor prognosis in GC, and served as an oncogene by enhancing tumor cell invasion and EMT through the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a new class of important regulators of signal transduction in tissue homeostasis and cancer development. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) occurs in a wide range of biological processes, while its role in signal transduction remains largely undeciphered. In this study, we uncovered a lipid-associated lncRNA, small nucleolar RNA host gene 9 (SNHG9) as a tumor-promoting lncRNA driving liquid droplet formation of Large Tumor Suppressor Kinase 1 (LATS1) and inhibiting the Hippo pathway. Mechanistically, SNHG9 and its associated phosphatidic acids (PA) interact with the C-terminal domain of LATS1, promoting LATS1 phase separation and inhibiting LATS1-mediated YAP phosphorylation. Loss of SNHG9 suppresses xenograft breast tumor growth. Clinically, expression of SNHG9 positively correlates with YAP activity and breast cancer progression. Taken together, our results uncover a novel regulatory role of a tumor-promoting lncRNA (i.e., SNHG9) in signal transduction and cancer development by facilitating the LLPS of a signaling kinase (i.e., LATS1).

The Pamir plateau may have been a westward continuation of Tibet plateau. Meanwhile, the Rushan-Pshart suture is correlative to the Bangong-Nujiang suture of Tibet, and the Central Pamir is the lateral equivalent of the Qiangtang Block. We present the first detailed LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb chronology, major and trace element, and Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry of Taxkorgan two-mica monzogranite to illuminate the Tethys evolution in central Pamir. LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating shows that two-mica monzogranite is emplaced in the Cretaceous (118 Ma). Its geochemical features are similar to S-type granite, with enrichment in LREEs and negative Ba, Sr, Zr and Ti anomalies. All the samples show negative zircon eHf(t) values ranging from −17.0 to −12.5 (mean −14.5), corresponding to crustal Hf model (TDM2) ages of 1906 to 2169 Ma. It is inferred that these granitoids are derived from partial melting of peliticmetasedimentary rocks analogous to the Paleoproterozoic Bulunkuole Group, predominantly with muscovite schists component. Based on the petrological and geochemical data presented above, together with the regional geology, this work provides new insights that Bangong-Nujiang Ocean closed in Early Cretaceous(120–114 Ma).

Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been considered a potentially effective treatment for cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), previous studies have produced inconsistent results. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of rTMS on cognitive function in patients with AD.PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for relevant terms. Abstracts of all papers were carefully reviewed, followed by data extraction, quality assessment, data synthesis and subgroup analyses.A total of 12 studies with 231 patients were included, with 8 randomized controlled studies and 4 self-controlled studies. Eleven studies used high frequency rTMS (≥ 5 Hz), but only one study directly compared the difference between low-frequency (1 Hz) and high-frequency (20 Hz). Random-effects analysis revealed that rTMS could significantly improve cognition compared with sham-rTMS (SMD: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.35-0.85, P .0001). In subgroup analyses, the effect for stimulation at a single target was 0.13 (95% CI: -0.35-0.62) and multiple targets 0.86 (95% CI: 0.18-1.54). Treatment for ≤3 sessions produced an effect of 0.29 (95% CI: -1.04-1.62), whereas treatment for ≥5 sessions produced an effect of 2.77 (95% CI: 2.22-3.32). No differences were found for rTMS combined with medication or cognitive training.rTMS can significantly improve cognitive ability in patients with mild to moderate AD. Stimulation of multiple sites and long-term treatment are better at improving AD-associated cognitive performance. Furthermore, some novel interventional targets, like precuneus (PC), may be a more effective therapeutic site to improve memory in AD.

Organelles entail specialized molecules to regulate their essential cellular processes. However, systematically elucidating the subcellular distribution of functional molecules such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tissue homeostasis and diseases has not been fully achieved. Here, we characterized the organelle-associated lncRNAs from mitochondria, lysosome, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), respectively, and revealed the diverse and abundant distribution of lncRNAs. Among them, we identified mitochondrial lncRNA Growth-Arrest-Specific 5 (GAS5) as a tumor suppressor in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Mechanistically, energy stress-induced GAS5 modulated mitochondria TCA flux by declining metabolic tandem association of FH-MDH2-CS, the canonical members of the TCA cycle. Remarkably, the expression of GAS5 negatively related with levels of its associated mitochondrial metabolic enzymes and breast cancer development. Together with the detailed functional annotations, this subcellular lncRNA identification revealed the human cell’s inquisitively complex architecture, aiding in the development of new strategies for the clinical application of organelle-associated lncRNAs.

Filamentous bulking could commonly influence effluent water quality in sewage treatment plants. Existing technologies are slowly effective, time consuming, and poorly adaptable. For now, enhancing organics substrates (COD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, adding FeCl

The Hippo pathway plays essential roles in organ size control and cancer prevention via restricting its downstream effector, Yes‐associated protein (YAP). Previous studies have revealed an oncogenic function of YAP in reprogramming glucose metabolism, while the underlying mechanism remains to be fully clarified. Accumulating evidence suggests long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as attractive therapeutic targets, given their roles in modulating various cancer‐related signaling pathways. In this study, we report that lncRNA breast cancer anti‐estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) is required for YAP‐dependent glycolysis. Mechanistically, YAP promotes the expression of BCAR4, which subsequently coordinates the Hedgehog signaling to enhance the transcription of glycolysis activators HK2 and PFKFB3. Therapeutic delivery of locked nucleic acids (LNAs) targeting BCAR4 attenuated YAP‐dependent glycolysis and tumor growth. The expression levels of BCAR4 and YAP are positively correlated in tissue samples from breast cancer patients, where high expression of both BCAR4 and YAP is associated with poor patient survival outcome. Taken together, our study not only reveals the mechanism by which YAP reprograms glucose metabolism, but also highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting YAP‐BCAR4‐glycolysis axis for breast cancer treatment.

Full-color holographic waveguide display usually consists of over-complex multi-coupling gratings or several-waveguide-combined structure, which results in larger system and higher weight. As to this problem, a full-color holographic waveguide display with monolayer grating and single plate structure is proposed. This configuration consists of two gratings to realize the light input and output, and expansion of the exit pupil. To display the RGB color with a better uniformity in the wide field of view, with the Rigorous Coupled-wave Analysis (RCWA),the shape of grating and grating films are designed and optimized.

Cancer cells entail metabolic adaptation and microenvironmental remodeling to survive and progress. Both calcium (Ca

The authors aim to investigate protective effects of fasciotomy against ischemia reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle in rabbit and to compare the treatment effects of prereperfusion + fasciotomy and fasciotomy + postreperfusion against ischemia reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle. 24 healthy male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups, and 4 hours’ ischemia was established in these rabbits through surgery. Six hours’ reperfusion was performed in group A; reperfusion + postfasciotomy was performed in group B; and prefasciotomy + reperfusion was performed in group C. Result showed that prefasciotomy and postfasciotomy could protect skeletal muscle against ischemia reperfusion injury, reduced MDA (malondialdehyde) expression, MPO (myeloperoxidase) expression, and apoptosis of muscle in the reperfused areas, increased Bcl-2 expression, and decreased Bax expression. The MDA and MPO levels in group B and group C were significantly lower than those in group A, and MDA and MPO levels in group C were significantly lower than those in group B. Prefasciotomy and postfasciotomy could protect against ischemia reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle. The protective effects of prefasciotomy against ischemia reperfusion injury are better than postfasciotomy.

The strain recovery character and transformation behavior of a TiNi alloy are investigated by means of mechanical testing and DSC measurement before and after vibration. The DSC results show that the second reverse transformation peak temperature of TiNi alloys after vibration under constraint increases slightly during the subsequent heating, and the transformation heat decreases, while the transformation heat of the first reverse transformation increases. After constrained vibration, the first decline of the two-stage recovery strain obtained during the second heating process is obviously smaller than the one without vibration, and the total recoverable strain also decreases. For the prestrained martensitic TiNi fiber after a heating-cooling cycle, the two-way memory strain increases about 1.2% after vibration. All these phenomena are considered to be closely related to the vibratory stress relief during vibration.

Form-stable phase change materials (PCMs) with high thermal conductivity are essential for thermal energy storage systems, which in turn are indispensible in solar thermal energy applications and efficient use of energy. In this paper, a new palmitic acid (PA)/polyaniline (PANI) form-stable PCMs were prepared by surface polymerization. The highest loading of PA in the form-stable PCMs was 80 mass% with the phase change enthalpy (ΔHmelting) of 175 J g−1. Copper nanowires (Cu NWs) were introduced to the form-stable PCM by mixing the Cu NWs with PA and ethanol prior to the emulsifying of PA in surfactant solution. The Cu NWs would remain intact in case the ethanol was eliminated before the PA/Cu NWs mixture was mixed with surfactant solution. Otherwise, the Cu NWs would be partially oxidized under the attack of ethanol and ammonium persulfate. The ΔHmelting of the form-stable PCMs containing Cu NWs decreased linearly with the increasing of Cu NWs loading. The ΔHmelting of the form-stable PCMs doped with 11.2 mass% Cu NWs was 149 J g−1. The thermal conductivity of the form-stable PCMs could be effectively improved by Cu NWs. By adding 11.2 mass% Cu NWs, the thermal conductivity of the form-stable PCM could attain 0.455 W m−1 K−1.

As the reason for large transmission ratio, small center distance and interference on translational motor body, the design method of involute gear for translational meshing motor was proposed. In order to get appropriate tooth profile parameters, the trail calculation considering the conditions of interference and coincidence degree were applied using the tooth profile parameters calculated from given module, number of teeth, pressure angle and modification coefficient. The internal meshing gears was designed and processed based on proposed method. The novel translational meshing motor using designed involute gears operates successfully and efficiently which testify the validity and feasibility of proposed method.

This paper focuses on the influence of nano-Al2O3 surface state and composite process on the dispersion of nano-Al2O3 filler. Toughening was performed to epoxy resin by nano-Al2O3, and the effect of impact property of epoxy resin/nano-Al2O3 composites was studied. The results showed that coupling agent treatment and high-speed shear dispersion can improve many properties of the composites. With nano-Al2O3 content increasing, the impact strength of the composites increased at first and then decreased. The maximum appears when the nano-Al2O3 content reached 3wt. %, no matter with or without the coupling agent treatment, which is 87.4% and 78.6% higher than that of monolithic epoxy resin respectively. The coupling agent treatment of nano-Al2O3 helped to improve the impact strength of the composites.

With the progress of voltage source converter (VSC) technology, VSC-HVDC system is becoming a promising solution to renewable energy access. To address the problem of power control when renewable energy parallels in the power grid through VSC-HVDC, a direct power control method is proposed for VSC-HVDC system. First, the architecture of VSC-HVDC system is introduced. Then a direct power control method is presented to meet the characteristics of renewable energy (i.e. randomness, volatility and uncontrollability). Moreover, the operational characteristics of the HVDC system under different conditions were analyzed by numerical simulation based on PSIM. Finally, a 10kw VSC-HVDC prototype system was developed, and the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed power control method.

In this paper, a novel three phase radial driving meshing motor was introduced. The proposed motor translates the electrical energy into the mechanical energy to drive one rotor. Under the driving of electromagnetic force and restricting of the oldham coupling mechanism, the rotor was constrained to move by circle translation and drives the cycloid machine to output big torque. The control method was found, and the flux linkage characteristic was calculated through finite element method; additionally, the static torque was calculated utilizing the magnetic coenergy principle. The theory analysis is identical with the results obtained from the prototype experiments results. The prototype experiment and analysis testify the designed motor.

Polluted river water was treated with limestone and pyrite-limestone subsurface horizontal constructed wetlands. The aims were to know the performance of two wetlands on removal of common pollutants, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, and analyze the actions of these minerals. The relationship between hydraulic retention time and purification performance of two constructed wetlands was studied. The optimal hydraulic retention time for pollutant removal was about 3 d, The average removal efficiency of COD, TN and TP were 51%, 70% and 95%, respectively. With same influent and hydraulic loading, the average removal efficiency of COD, NH4+ -N, TN and TP were 53.93%, 82.13%, 66%, 50.9%, and 51.66%, 77.43%, 72.06%, 97.35% for limestone and pyrite-limestone constructed wetlands, respectively. There were few differences between limestone and pyrite-limestone wetlands on COD removal, but the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of pyrite-limestone constructed wetland was higher than that of limestone constructed wetland. The phosphorus removal of pyrite-limestone wetland was more efficiency and stable, not affected by temperature.

A novel ruthenium(II) complex of dipyridophenazine (DPPZ) with the ancillary ligand imidazole[4,5- f ] [1,10]phenanthroline (IP), [Ru(IP) 2 (DPPZ)] (PF 6 ) 2 , has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1D and 2D 1 H NMR, fast-atom bombardment mass spectra (FABMS), electronic spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The DNA-binding properties of the complex were studied by spectroscopic methods. The intrinsic binding constant, K =2.1 × 10 7 M −1 , of the complex to calf thymus DNA has been determined by absorption titration in 5 mmol dm −3 Tris-HCl, 50 mmol dm −3 NaCl buffer (pH 7.0). The excited state lifetimes and luminescence quenching with [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− as the quencher in the presence of DNA were also tested and mono-exponentiality was observed for the emission decay curves. Viscosity measurements together with the optical titrations unambiguously proved that the complex bound with DNA intercalatively and that the binding affinity to DNA was several times larger than that of the parent complex [Ru(bpy) 2 (DPPZ)] 2+ .

The nitrobenzene removal performance by iron sulfide was investigated in batch experiments. The effects of different factors were studied. The results showed that the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene was 90% as initial nitrobenzene concentration was 0.96 mmol x L(-1), dosage of FeS was 1.2 g and the reaction time was 180 minutes. Initial nitrobenzene concentration, dosage of FeS, temperature and reused times of FeS had a significant influence on the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene. As the initial nitrobenzene concentration was in range of 0.74 to 1.74 mmol x L(-1), the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene decreased by 4.7% with every 0.1 mmol x L(-1) increasing of initial nitrobenzene concentration. As the dosage of FeS was in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 g, the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene increased by 20% with every 0.3 g increasing of FeS. As the dosage of FeS was 1.8 g, the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene was 100%. In the temperature range of 10 to 25 degrees C, the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene increased by 1.6% with 1 degrees C increasing. As the temperature was 30 degrees C, the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene was 100%. The removal efficiency of nitrobenzene decreased as the reused times of FeS increased. Rotational speed hardly had any influence on the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene. As the rotational speed was in the range of 10 to 80 r x min(-1), the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene was around 75%. The nitrobenzene removal performance by iron sulfide was satisfied in the treatment of simulated chemical industrial wastewater, and after 60 min, the removal efficiency of nitrobenzene was 100%.

In this paper, we study the development and status of the current trusted measurement, and analyze the threats of process running in today's structure of the computer system. From the view of Turing, we abstract the key elements of process behavior, propose a trusted measurement for the process behavior running, in which trusted measurement formulas based on the process behavior itself and computing environment that the process running on are given. Finally, a frame to realize the model function is presented.

The non-nitrification pathway for NH4+ -N removal in pilot-scale drinking water biological treatment processes and its possible mechanism were investigated through calculating N and DO stoichiometric balance. With more than 2 mg/L NH4+ -N in the influent, for the fluidized bed bioreactor (FBBR), the total of NH4+ -N, NO2(-) -N, NO3(-) -N in the influent was 0.91 mg/L higher than that in the effluent, and for the biofilter, its DO consumption was 2.90 mg/L less than the stoichiometric amount. The results suggested that nitrogen loss occurred in both reactors and a part of NH4+ -N was removed through non-nitrification pathway. Because the utilization of phosphorus and organic matters was independent of nitrogen loss, the assimilation and denitrification could be excluded from the possible mechanisms. Because the very low C/N in the influent and the accumulation of NO2(-) -N in the reactors were similar with the wastewater biological processes, the "autotrophic removal of nitrogen" was regarded as the most probable non-nitrification pathway. In this mechanism, the couple of short-cut nitrification and ANAMMOX (or OLAND) leading to the transformation of NH4+ -N and NO2(-) -N into gaseous N2 was responsible for the nitrogen loss in drinking water biological processes.

The polluted river water is treated with pilot-scale riparian zones of no aquatic plant, Vetiveria zizanioides + submerged plants, and weed+ Typha angustifolia L. + Phragmites communis. It is shown that the vegetation water zones are better than the no vegetation water zone and Vetiveria zizanioides + submerged plants zone is the best in improving water quality. The average removals of the Vetiveria zizanioides + submerged plant zone is 43.5% COD, 71.1% ammonia and 69.3% total phosphorus respectively. The dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature of effluents from the three water zones are also investigated. It shows that DO of effluent from the vegetation zones are more stable than that of effluent from the no vegetation zone, and the temperature of the effluent from the vegetation zones are lower than that from the no vegetation zones. The submerged plants have special role in water quality improvement, and should be studied further.