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The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted education provision at an unprecedented scale. The impact of limited use of digital educational tools & skills became more apparent during the pandemic, which created serious problems in conducting face-to-face excavation training in both classroom and excavation site. Within this context, the integration of these two physical spaces through the digital "space" of online training is the main objective of project DELTA (Digital Excavation through Learning and Training in Archaeology), a transnational project funded in the context of Erasmus+/KA2 EU programme (2019-2022) with the coordination of the Hellenic Open University (DAISSy research group) and participants the relevant departments of archaeology of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Greece), University of Basilicata (Matera, Italy), and Masaryk University (Brno, Czech Republic). The results of the first phase of the project included desk research aiming at recording the existing situation in the 3 countries concerning: the use of digital applications in archaeological excavations, the courses on excavation practices, methods/techniques, and the use of digital educational tools. The survey recorded the most recent trends in the university curricula, existing digital skills and level of expertise of students - professionals, their needs & desires concerning Page 1 of 2 the use of digital applications in excavation and archaeological education. The results proved to be particularly revealing, especially when comparing the situation between the three countries. DELTA project aimed to design & develop a course through which, students of Archaeology were able to improve their knowledge and develop digital and 21st century skills. The online piloting allowed participating Universities to discuss the level of integration of digital applications, tools and methods in teaching and learning in Archaeology online, necessary digital skills & make suggestions for the future. Particularly within the context of the recent pandemic and the problems it created in students' excavation training.

Dal punto di vista del contesto geografico, la regione della moderna Basilicata, in particolare la zona orientale che si affaccia sul mare ionio, è stata interessata in età arcaica e classica - come del resto tutta l'Italia meridionale - dal complesso e articolato fenomeno della colonizzazione greca. Dal punto di vista geografico, ad eccezione della dorsale appenninica montagnosa interna che crea una lunga e poderosa barriera in senso nord-sud, tutta la fascia ionica è solcata da importanti bacini idrografici disposti in senso ovest-est, cioè dall'interno verso la costa, dove scorrono in parallelo diversi fiumi che con le loro foci generano delle vallate e dei facili approdi lungo la costa . Tali fiumi, alcuni in quel periodo anche navigabili , hanno da sempre costituito i corridoi privilegiati di contato tra i greci della paralìa e le genti autoctone, questi ultimi disposti sui siti di altura della mesogeia. Le vallate prospicienti alla costa, interposte tra i principali corsi d'acqua di Siris e Akiris (Sinni e Agri), tra Akalandros, Kasas e Bradano, con i loro fertili e ondulati terrazzi, offrivano ampi e profondi spazi necessari per le poleis e lo loro chorai coloniali, con terreni assai favorevoli per lo sfruttamento agricolo ed economico del territorio.

This paper presents the results of the first phase of the DELTA project, during which we conducted extensive desk and field research aiming at recording the existing situation in the three countries regarding: (1) the use of digital applications in archaeological excavations, (2) current courses on excavation practices, methods and techniques and (3) the use of digital educational tools in such courses. By analysing the results from Internet search and a survey using online questionnaires, we present (a) the most recent trends in the university curricula of Archaeology, (b) the current level of digital skills and expertise of students and professionals and (c) the needs and expectations of students and professors regarding the use of digital applications in excavation and Archaeology education. The results of this research were particularly revealing, especially when comparing the situation between the three countries, but also when contrasting the existing digital skills and the aspirations of the various categories of responders (e.g. educational level, current position etc.).

La Scuola di Specializzazione in Beni Archeologici di Matera promuove annualmente, nell'ambito del progetto CHORA, Laboratori di Archeologia in Basilicata, le campagne di ricognizioni archeologiche intensive nel territorio dell'antica chora di Herakleia, compreso tra i fiumi di Agri e Sinni, insieme allo scavo stratigrafico sulla collina di S.M. d'Anglona (l'antica Pandosia). Si tratta di due azioni all' interno di un progetto unitario di archeologia del paesaggio caratterizzato da un approccio fortemente integrato: l'attività archeologica, in collaborazione con altri settori disciplinari, si lega ai temi della identificazione delle risorse agricole del territorio antico di Herakleia.

Lo scopo della monografia in oggetto di Dimitris Roubis, focalizza l'attenzione nell'area di Montescaglioso (Basilicata nord-est), fulcro di un'intensa attività di ricognizione archeologica sul campo. In Italia, come è accaduto anche in altre parti del Mediterraneo, l'indagine archeologica di superficie (field survey) negli ultimi decenni, è diventata uno strumento indispensabile per studiare la distribuzione e la tipologia dei siti antichi con l'obiettivo la conoscenza dell'evoluzione degli insediamenti e dei territori nelle zone interne della penisola italiana, ma anche in alcune chorai coloniali della Magna Grecia. L'opera punta sull'analisi completa dei dati, sotto la lente di ingrandimento dell'archeologia del paesaggio, applicando un approccio integrato, fortemente interdisciplinare, per meglio contribuire alla comprensione dello sfruttamento delle risorse, dell'evoluzione e delle trasformazioni in diacronia del paesaggio antico dell'area in esame. L'obiettivo principale della ricerca riguarda gli scambi, le relazioni e lo sviluppo delle realtà insediative all'interno dei contesti paesaggistici, le loro somiglianze e le differenze, dal periodo preistorico fino all'età imperiale romana. Il volume si divide in tre parti principali: nella prima parte viene illustrata la strategia della ricerca e la metodologia di indagine elaborata, nella seconda parte viene presentata la parte analitica dedicata ai nuovi dati emersi durante il survey e nella terza parte viene esposta la parte finale interpretativa del lavoro, in cui si delineano e si discutono i risultati, dall'età protostorica fino ala periodo romano imperiale. Nella quarta parte seguono le appendici, la bibliografia e l'indice generale del volume. Si fornisce l'indice del volume: 9Presentazione, Massimo Osanna 11Prefazione, Francesco D'Andria 13Prologo PARTE ?: IL CONTESTO DELLA RICERCA E LA METODOLOGIA Capitolo ?: 17L'Unità di Paesaggio di Montescaglioso Capitolo ??: 29Gli strumenti della ricerca sul campo: la metodologia utilizzata Capitolo III: 37Archeologia del paesaggio: i caratteri metodologici di una indagine interdisciplinare PARTE ?: L'ANALISI: I SITI ARCHEOLOGICI Capitolo IV: 57Catalogazione dei siti archeologici PARTE C: LA SINTESI DELLE COMPONENTI CULTURALI E AMBIENTALI Capitolo V: 111Paesaggi in trasformazione: i Macroperiodi 1 e 2 Capitolo VI: 129Paesaggi rurali diffusi: il Macroperiodo 3a Capitolo VII 163Paesaggi in conversione: i Macroperiodi 3b e 4 PARTE D: APPENDICI 183L'interpolazione polinomiale e il metodo Cubic Spline, Paola Di Leo 185Elenco dei siti archeologici 189Unità Rurali (UR) post medievali e moderne 193Tabella di concordanza cronologica 194Tabelle materiali 199Summary 200Abbreviazioni correnti nel testo 201Termini del greco antico usati nel testo 203Bibliografia 238Referenze grafiche e fotografiche 229Indice generale.

As part of the Pandosia Anglona Project, of which the Institute of Cultural Heritage Sciences (CNR) is a partner, geophysical investigations were carried out with the aim to identifying structures of archaeological interest. The investigation area is located on the right of the road that connects Policoro with Tursi, on the top of a hill 262 m a.s.l. The Anglona hill dominates the lower valley of the Agri and Sinni rivers rising in the middle of the hilly system that divides the two rivers, at almost equal distance between these two streams. Geophysical investigation method geoelectrics was used.

Ricerche archeologiche che prevedono indagini di survey archeologico e di rilevamento strumentale delle fortificazioni, dei manufatti e delle strutture abitative esistenti nel sito di età classica di Kastrì-Pandosia (costa ionica dell'Epiro, Grecia).

The archaeological research carried out by IBAM-CNR and the Post Graduate School of Archaeology (UNIBAS, Matera) on the site of Jure Vetere discovered a remarkably sized ecclesiastical building that was part of the monastic settlement of Jure Vetere. It was founded by the monk Gioacchino da Fiore at the end of the 12th century and lasted until the early decades of the 13th century. During the multidisciplinary investigations, an intense methodological survey of the surrounding area of Jure Vetere and five excavation campaigns of the monastic complex were carried out.

This paper focuses on more recent archaeological research in Pandosia (S. Maria d'Anglona, Basilicata) belonging to the ancient chora of Herakleia. Pandosia with its strategic position, situated far away from the coastline, marks the exploitable limits of the Greek chora. The paper emphasizes its important role both for agriculture, forestry and pastoral activities in marginal areas as well as for the control of local pathways. The hypotheses made are based on the concept of the distances within which it was possible to perform primary and secondary activities for subsistence and daily life. The paper also highlights the importance of the outlying lands between the chora and eschatià, for their economic value and especially for the short and long range livestock exploitation. The chronological timeline of this work is from the late classical and early Hellenistic period.

Si presentano i nuovi dati della ricerche effettuate dalla Scuola di Specializzazione in Archeologia di Matera nella Valle del Bradano nel territorio dell'insediamento medievale di Altojanni, portando l'attenzione sulle trasformazioni del paesaggio agrario tra età arcaica e Medioevo.

Twenty three samples of pottery and roof tile fragments from Montescaglioso settlement (active from archaic to medieval period) and Difesa S. Biagio classical archaeological site have been analysed, together with archaeological artefacts and raw materials from some productive areas like S. Canio late classical site. By investigating the mineralogical assemblage of the sample suite, it was possible to obtain information about the provenance and the production technologies adopted here. It is likely that the studied samples were manufactured using natural clays outcropping in the area surrounding the archaeological sites. Through the archaeometric analyses it was possible to determine similarities and differences between fragments from Montescaglioso and Diesa S. Biagio settlements as well as from the neighboring productive sites. More analyses are on going to robustly address the problem of circulation of raw material and finished products as well as their technology in the Montescaglioso district.

The territory of Montescaglioso (Basilicata, south Italy) is characterized by the distribution of many ancient settlements: one of them is an important village dated to the Classical Age known as Pagliarone. Due to the extension and the importance of this settlement, we used a field research strategy including an intensive intrasite archaeological survey with a specific grid system for the documentation and the collection of archaeological evidence. The application of this field method and the specific spatial analysis applied during the post processing of the data, allowed us to determine not only the extent and limits of the archaeological site, but also the precise location and density of the artifacts and to focus on the distribution of quantitative and qualitative classes of artifacts. Beside the direct field research, an interdisciplinary approach was used, which provides various techniques like the combination of intrasite survey and the magnetic mapping for the geophysical exploration in the archaeological area. The geophysical prospection was performed using Geomagnetic with gradiometer system with high resolution data. The acquired magnetic data were processed and compared with the field archaeological survey data, showing an optimum image of buried structures, other functional spaces together with the various density artifacts, mostly belonging to the Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods.

In the territory of Montescaglioso (Basilicata), intensive archaeological survey has documented a number of rural sites, mainly occupied between the 4th and the 1st century BC. Some of these sites probably represent structures linked to the pastoral exploitation of the territory. This article presents the first data from the survey research about the location of ancient sites and current practices of pastoralism in the area, together with geomorphological and land-use studies in relation to the occupation and exploitation of the land, botanical studies and geochemical analysis to determine the organic residues in the soil. The research includes studies on animal bones, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs from archaeological excavations of ancient sites located in the same area. Due to the interdisciplinary approach of the research we can advance some hypotheses of sheep farming activities from the classical and Hellenistic age, intensively practiced in a part of the hill system of Montescaglioso.

Remote sensing techniques have been widely used since the 1990s in landslide research, deployinh for this purpose different spatial and spectral resolution imagery. This research includes photo-interpretation and inventory of large landslides, determinant factors analysis, stereo-plotting of movements and automatic detection by textural analysis. The potential or intrinsic factors of landslide include geological and morphological factors, while the external or triggering factors include earthquake, climate, hydrological and human activities (deforestation, the expansion of the urban areas and the increase of agricultural activity). In this paper, using a historical series of aerial-photographic and satellite data (1988 - 2006). Land use affects the stability of landslides. In this paper the proposed model, has been applied in Montescaglioso municipality (Basilicata, Southern Italy). The investigated area, as well as the entire territory of Montescaglioso, falls in a very significant archaeological zone. In recent years, from autumn 2007, an intensive archaeological survey has been carried on, in order to understand and reconstruct the historical landscape of Montescaglioso district, in its diachronic development between the ancient and the post medieval age.

In questo articolo viene spiegata la metodologia di indagine applicata nel sito archeologico di Santa Maria d'Anglona (Tursi -MT), che ha seguito i criteri della ricognizione sistematica di superficie e nello specifico quelle di tipo infrasito. L'indagine infrasito utilizza metodi particolarmente analitici di documentazione dei singoli manufatti archeologici presenti in un sito. In base quindi a tale tipo di ricerca, su tutta l'area esplorata, la ricognizione ha permesso di definire la presenza di un nucleo abitativo, che doveva occupare in età classica ed ellenistica la parte sommitale dell'altura di Anglona. L'evidenza archeologica, riprende in età medievale tra XIII e XIV sec. d.C.

(a firma di K. Mannino: pp. 67-71)

Le ricognizioni intensive effetuate nel territorio di Montescaglioso (MT) hanno messo in luce vari elementi di attività produttive databili in età classica: si tratta di una zona con tracce di attività estrattive di blocchi lapidei di età classica e un'area molto ricca disseminata di frammenti di argilla concotta con chiari indicatori fittili di produzioni artigianali specializzate. Particolare interesse assume il rinvenimento di distanziatori di argilla; un dato eccezzionale è fornito dal ritrovamento di un timbro rettangolare in terracotta dotato di presa con iscrizione incisa. Si tratta di un sigillo recante la parte finale del nome di un ceramista. Il timbro attesta l'attività di un figulo che con il suo ergasterion fabbricava coppi e tegole. L'iscrizione sul timbro può essere integrata come [??]?????? - o [??]?????? - ???|[??]??? ?????. I limiti cronologici della frequentazione del sito, basati sui frammenti diagnostici rinvenuti durante il survey infrasito, si inquadrano all'interno di un periodo compreso tra la seconda metà del IV e il III sec. a.C.

This work is part of a multidisciplinary research project started on the archaeological site of Jure Vetere (region of Calabria, southern Italy). The excavation area is located on Sila Grande mountain (1100 m a.s.l.), 5 km west of San Giovanni in Fiore, where between the end of the XII century and the first decades of the XIII century a monastic settlement rose. The archaeological research, carried out by IBAM-CNR on the site, discovered a huge ecclesiastical building that features two different phases. Thanks to the multi-disciplinary approach applied to a "Landscape Archaeology" research, important information was collected due to the study of archaeological finds, written sources, ethnoarchaeological data, photo-interpretations, geological and geopedological research, pollen, botanic and archaeometric analyses. The palynological study on layers deposited in phases which preceded or were coeval to the life time of the monastery, provided the basis for the reconstruction of the ancient plant landscape of the site where the monastery was founded, and supplied the knowledge of the plant resources exploitation. Particular attention has been directed to the analysis of pedological horizons, burying the mediaeval building and its immediate neighbouring land, in order to evaluate its main characters and define the pedogenetic and geomorphic processes, coeval of the soil formation, which still less define the agrarian applications which assure subsistence to the religious community. The study integrated with climate data has permitted us to correlate the history of this settlement, with the different evolutive phases of the landscape, closely connected to the local and global climatic conditions coeval to the monastic settlement.

This essay examines how the territory of Jure Vetere was exploited during the monastic settlement founded by the monk Gioacchino (end of the XII century - first decades of the XIII century). The results of the exploitation are given by the computer application (GIS platform) that follows the method of the "site exploitation territory". The processed data on GIS were carried out considering an intense methodological survey of the territory of Jure Vetere and carrying out the excavations of the monastic structure. What should be pointed out is that thanks to the multi-disciplinary approach applied to the research of "Landscape Archaeology", other important information was collected thanks to the study of documented sources, ethnoarchaeological data, photo-interpretations, geological and geopedological research, pollen analysis, botanic and archaeometric macro-remains. The processed data helps us recognize the two main areas where the primary (raw) and secondary materials came from that were so necessary for monastic life. There was a functional internal basin that thoroughly exploited the resources available, an external basin necessary for the extensive complementary working activities. The analysis carried out on the GIS enable to calculate the cost of shift referred to time and to understand the dislocation of the different types of soil that could be exploited around the site( cost distance analysis). The analysis of the soil, considering both the quantitative and qualitative aspects, consider the different cultivations of the land and the productive capabilities. Thanks to this study, we can imagine where the quarries for construction material and the kilns for lime were located, together with the water supplies area, the areas used for grazing and wood exploitation. As regards the complementary exploitation of the basins which were located far away from the site, we can consider the use of these basins for winter grazing, for cultivation and as a place of rest during the long journeys that took the travellers from one place to another.

Il lavoro è dedicato ai risultati delle ricognizioni archeologiche realizzate a livello infra sito e alla descrizione dello scavo stratigrafico del sito medievale di Torre di Mare di Metaponto. Il contributo è inserito in un volume a cura di Gioia Bertelli e Dimitris Roubis, dedicato ai risultati delle campagne di scavo condotte nel sito di Torre di Mare, un centro dell'area metapontina che dall'XI secolo agli inizi del XIV secolo ha avuto un ruolo strategico di significativa importanza, specialmente in occasione della creazione del "nuovo" porto e del potenziamento delle strutture castellari intervenuti con età angioina.