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O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer possíveis ambiguidades lexicais relacionadas aos vocábulos aleatório, acaso e incerteza por 61 alunos do quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental (9 a 11 anos) de uma escola municipal de Barueri, São Paulo, Brasil, buscando descobrir quais significados probabilísticos esses indicam a partir do conhecimento do dia a dia e/ou do que aprenderam na escola. Esta pesquisa foi do tipo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, na qual foram realizadas análises textuais multivariadas como Análises de Similitude e Classificação Hierárquica Descendentes – CHD, por meio do software IRaMuTeQ (Interface R para Texto Multidimensional e Análise de Questionário). Os resultados indicaram que as crianças tem formalizado, mesmo que intuitivamente, desde os anos iniciais da educação básica, noções probabilísticas como, por exemplo, determinar o significado das palavras acaso, aleatório e incerteza, devendo haver a preocupação em trabalhar esses conceitos. Concluímos que, foram apresentadas ambiguidades léxicas em relação aos termos em estudo, partindo do significado intuitivo que se constitui como um elemento básico que os alunos apresentaram para então, construir uma conexão com a linguagem probabilística, permitindo a esses começar a usar uma linguagem precisa e especializada.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar sistematicamente a literatura no Brasil, por meio de artigos científicos, livros ou capítulos de livro, monografias e dissertações e teses de pós-graduações stricto sensu, que utilizaram ou criaram livros paradidáticos para o ensino de estatística no ensino fundamental. Os bancos de dados pesquisados foram: a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Google Acadêmico, a partir do sistema de palavras-chave, Livro Paradidático como primeira opção (E) Estatística (E) Ensino Fundamental (E) Educação. Treze estudos foram considerados como resultados, no período de 2002 até 2021, e o software IRaMuTeQ foi utilizado para a análise multidimensional a partir da organização em textos (corpus), sendo cada um deles definido como “segmento de texto”. Cada texto foi elaborado considerando o que foi enfatizado na pesquisa, a metodologia ou enfoque metodológico utilizado, o contexto em que foi desenvolvido e os tipos de estudo e áreas envolvidas e os principais resultados e conclusões. Além disso, a análise de dados foi organizada, a partir da identificação para cada um dos textos, das seguintes variáveis de interesse: tipo de publicação (pubType); ano de publicação do texto (yearPub); público a qual se destina o trabalho (publicTeaching); e região brasileira em que foi desenvolvido o trabalho (PubRegion). As pesquisas são voltadas a alunos e professores dos anos iniciais e finais do ensino fundamental e desenvolvidas em programas de pós-graduação e seus respectivos grupos de pesquisa. Reforçamos que as pesquisas sobre a utilização e criação de livros paradidáticos para o ensino de estatística no ensino fundamental ainda são incipientes, evidenciando a necessidade de mais pesquisas, mas que se pode perceber que há o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas à nível de Doutoramento. Além disso, é indicado tendência nas relações com o conhecimento experiencial e com o cotidiano, contribuindo para formação de cidadãos conscientes do desenvolvimento da estatística. The objective of this work was to systematically analyze the literature in Brazil, through scientific articles, books or book chapters, monographs and dissertations, and stricto sensu graduate theses, who used or created paradidactic books for teaching statistics in elementary school. The databases searched were: the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), Theses and Dissertations Catalog of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and Academic Google, based on the keyword system, Book Didactics as a first option (E) Statistics (E) Elementary School (E) Education. Thirteen studies were considered as results, in the period from 2002 to 2021, and the IRaMuTeQ software was used for the multidimensional analysis from the organization in texts (corpus), each one being defined as “text segment”. Each text was prepared considering what was emphasized in the research, the methodology or methodological approach used, the context in which it was developed, and the types of study and areas involved and the main results and conclusions. In addition, data analysis was organized, based on the identification for each of the texts, of the following variables of interest: type of publication (pubType); year of publication of the text (yearPub); target audience for the work (publicTeaching); and the Brazilian region where the work was carried out (PubRegion). The research is aimed at students and teachers in the early and late years of elementary school and developed in graduate programs and their respective research groups. We emphasize that research on the use and creation of textbooks for teaching statistics in elementary school is still incipient, highlighting the need for more research, but it can be seen that there is the development of new research at the PhD level. In addition, a trend is indicated in the relationships with experiential knowledge and with everyday life, contributing to the formation of citizens aware of the development of statistics.

Este livro se propõe discutir os meandros que cercam à ludicidade e as estratégias de jogos e brincadeiras, enquanto importantes atividades lúdicas para o desenvolvimento ominilateral dos indivíduos, especialmente no orbe da Edução Infantil. Face ao exposto, o livro em tese, se debruçou sobre a investigação das faces do lúdico sob a perspectiva de autoras que lidam com o universo infantil no seu cotidiano laboral.

O ensaio apresenta uma análise crítica sobre a identidade profissional docente no cenário das avaliações, assinaladas no período marcado pela pandemia da COVID- 19. São tecidas considerações a partir da dinâmica de um processo marcado por mudanças sensíveis no universo da educação brasileira, nos anos de 2020 e 2021. Com a necessidade de uma reinvenção do fazer docente, abre-se o diálogo em torno do papel do professor nas mudanças da prática da avaliação. Questiona-se, nesse sentido, a relação presente na escola que segue uma linha tênue entre o ensinar e o aprender, alterando a referida “fórmula” para a aplicação de atividades e recebimento de respostas, tendo em vista uma busca desenfreada pela presença, e não pelo aprendizado sistêmico. As considerações apontam para um diálogo necessário no universo da relação entre a profissão docente e a avaliação. This essay presents a critical analysis of teachers’ professional identity within the context of assessments in the period marked by the COVID-19 pandemic. Considerations were made regarding the evaluation of students during the specific dynamics of a process marked by sensitive changes in the universe of Brazilian education in 2020 and 2021. The reinvention of teaching practice was highly needed, which sparks off a debate surrounding the teacher’s role in the changes of assessment practices. In this sense, the fine line between teaching and learning is questioned, changing the aforementioned "formula" for the conduction of activities and the reception of answers, in view of an unbridled search for attendance, and not for systemic learning. The considerations point to a necessary dialogue about the relationship between the teaching profession and assessment.

Tumor cell infiltrative ability into surrounding brain tissue is a characteristic of diffusely infiltrative astrocytoma and is strongly associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. Collagens are the most abundant ECM scaffolding proteins and contribute to matrix organization and stiffness. LOX family members, copper-dependent amine oxidases, participate in the collagen and elastin crosslinking that determine ECM tensile strength. Common IDH mutations in lower-grade gliomas (LGG) impact prognosis and have been associated with ECM stiffness. We analyzed the expression levels of LOX family members and matrisome-associated genes in astrocytoma stratified by malignancy grade and IDH mutation status. A progressive increase in expression of all five LOX family members according to malignancy grade was found. LOX, LOXL1, and LOXL3 expression correlated with matrisome gene expressions. LOXL1 correlations were detected in LGG with IDH mutation (IDHmut), LOXL3 correlations in LGG with IDH wild type (IDHwt) and strong LOX correlations in glioblastoma (GBM) were found. These increasing correlations may explain the increment of ECM stiffness and tumor aggressiveness from LGG-IDHmut and LGG-IDHwt through to GBM. The expression of the mechanosensitive transcription factor, β-catenin, also increased with malignancy grade and was correlated with LOXL1 and LOXL3 expression, suggesting involvement of this factor in the outside–in signaling pathway.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Ailton Paulo de Oliveira Junior Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ensino e História das Ciências e da Matemática. São Bernardo do Campo, 2021 O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o processo de elaboração de um livro paradidático para apoiar o ensino de conteúdo estatístico nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, estabelecendo a seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como a elaboração do livro paradidático pode contribuir com o ensino de estatística nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental? Assim, foram realizadas análises textuais, por meio do software IRaMuTeQ na qual utilizamos análises multivariadas (classificação hierárquica descendente, análise fatorial e análises de similitude), para avaliar a visão do aluno para a construção do livro paradidático. Na sequência, apresentamos tarefas (atividades) estatísticas tomando como princípio a Teoria Antropológica da Didática - TAD na organização didática e praxeológica matemática (estatística) para indicar àqueles que utilizarão os aspectos didáticos e teóricos. Esta pesquisa é do tipo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa por meio de questionário disponibilizado por meio do Google Forms e analisado pelo software IRaMuTeQ para identificar a visão do aluno para a construção do livro paradidático e qualitativa quando da apresentação de algumas tarefas que comporão o livro considerando a TAD de Yves Chevallard. Buscamos na elaboração das atividades utilizar o documento americano Diretrizes para Avaliação e Instrução no Ensino de Estatística - GAISE e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular ¿ BNCC e que atendam às necessidades de compreensão e assimilação por parte dos alunos nesse ciclo de estudos. Acredita-se ser necessário investigar e buscar uma compreensão mais ampla e fundamentada sobre o uso de livros paradidáticos, tanto no desenvolvimento da leitura quanto na escrita, e consequentemente, nos conteúdos estatísticos que se ensina nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O processo de elaboração de livro paradidático, considerou inicialmente a verificação de como os alunos têm em mente aspectos para a elaboração do paradidático, que será material composto por situações problema ou tarefas, constituídas de uma sequência de subtarefas, que podem ser realizadas utilizando diversas técnicas, justificadas pela tecnologia que utiliza a Estatística como objeto de estudo. A intenção da construção do paradidático não foi substituir o livro didático e sim, complementá-lo, e inserir este material com elemento essencial na formação dos alunos da Educação Básica em relação aos conteúdos estatísticos. É necessário ressaltar a importância de o aluno ter contato com a leitura e interpretação de textos em sua educação inicial, podendo ser auxiliada com o livro paradidático, assim ele trabalhará os conceitos estatísticos de uma forma mais prazerosa. The objective of this work was to describe the process of elaborating a paradidactic book to support the teaching of statistical content in the early years of elementary school, establishing the following research question: How the elaboration of the paradidactic book can contribute to the teaching of statistics in the years of elementary school? Thus, textual analyzes were performed, using the IRaMuTeQ software, in which we used multivariate analyzes (descending hierarchical classification, factor analysis and similarity analyzes), to assess the student's vision for the construction of the textbook. In the sequence, we present statistical tasks (activities) taking as a principle the Anthropological Theory of Didactics - TAD in the didactic and mathematical praxeological organization (statistics) to indicate to those who will use the didactic and theoretical aspects. This research is of the exploratory type, with a qualitative and quantitative approach through a questionnaire made available through Google Forms and analyzed by the IRaMuTeQ software to identify the student's vision for the construction of the paradigmatic and qualitative book when presenting some tasks that will compose the book considering the TAD of Yves Chevallard. In the elaboration of the activities, we seek to use the American document Guidelines for Evaluation and Instruction in the Teaching of Statistics - GAISE and the National Common Curricular Base - BNCC and that meet the needs of understanding and assimilation on the part of the students in this cycle of studies. It is believed that it is necessary to investigate and seek a broader and more grounded understanding of the use of paradidactic books, both in the development of reading and writing, and consequently, in the statistical content that is taught in the early years of elementary school. The process of preparing a paradidactic book, initially considered checking how students have in mind aspects for the elaboration of the paradidactic, which will be material composed of problem situations or tasks, consisting of a sequence of subtasks, which can be performed using various techniques, justified by the technology that uses Statistics as an object of study. The intention of constructing the paradidactic was not to replace the textbook, but to complement it, and to insert this material as an essential element in the training of Basic Education students in relation to statistical content. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of the student having contact with the reading and interpretation of texts in his initial education, being able to be helped with the paradidactic book, thus he will work on the statistical concepts in a more pleasant way.

The purpose of this study was to characterize, isolate and chemically modify tiger nut ( Cyperus sculentus L.) starch with octenyl succinic anhydride. The efficiency of the chemical modification was 0.04. Chemical composition, particle morphology (SEM), particle size, X-ray diffraction, infrared analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and swelling and solubility power were determined for characterization of the native and modified starch. Both showed similar chemical composition and amylose and amylopectin contents, as well as absorption spectra in the infrared region without modification of the molecular structure and A-type crystalline pattern. The particles of both had an oval and spherical shape. The modified starch was more resistant to temperature and the gelatinization process occurred at 67.52 °C. These results suggest that tiger nut starch has a great industrial potential.

O empreendimento analítico deste estudo situa-se na Lei 9.985 de 18 de julho de 2000, a qual institui o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação- SNUC. O espaço analisado compreende duas unidades de conservação, a vila do Treme (Resex Caeté-Taperaçu) e a vila do Araí (Resex AraíPeroba), a partir da análise discursiva dos embates sociais nas referidas comunidades, na tensão entre o discurso tradicional dos pescadores artesanais e o discurso institucional dos representantes governamentais que incidem diretamente nas relações de trabalho da pesca artesanal. Pressupõe-se que tais relações se estabelecem por lutas de forças entre saberes e poderes, as quais não podem ser vistas como um objeto natural, mas sobretudo como um processo dinâmico e heterogêneo em constante transformação, como uma prática discursiva. The analytical enterprise of this study is situated in Law 9.985 of July 18, 2000, which constitutes the National System of Conservation Units - SNUC. The area analyzed comprises two conservation units, the village of Treme (Resex Caeté-Taperaçu) and the village of Araí (Resex Araí-Peroba), starting on the discursive analysis of the social conflicts in these communities, on the tension between the traditional discourse of artisanal fishermen and the institutional discourse of government representatives that directly affect the work relations of artisanal fishing. It is assumed that such relations are established by power struggles between knowledge and power, which can not be seen as a natural object, but above all as a dynamic and heterogeneous process in constant transformation, as a discursive practice UFPA - Universidade Federal do Pará

Objective To study the prevalence of OTX1 and OTX2 gene expression in 60 medulloblastoma specimen samples and to establish correlations between gene expression and clinical and histopathological aspects. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 60 patients with a diagnosis of medulloblastoma at the Clinicas Hospital of the School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, and the Cancer Hospital of Barretos. We created a database of the 60 patients containing information on the gene expression of OTX1 and OTX2 (obtained using real-time polymerase chain reaction) and clinical and epidemiological data. Statistical tests were performed to verify potential correlations of clinicopathological data and follow-up aspects with gene expression. Results The OTX1 gene was expressed in 52% of the study population. Expression varied with age (higher in adults), location (predominantly by hemisphere), and histological type (desmoplastic). The OTX2 gene was expressed in 62% of the study population. Expression varied with age (higher in younger age groups), location (predominantly vermis), and histological type (classic and anaplastic). A statistical correlation between OTX2 gene expression and the development of leptomeningeal metastases was observed. Conclusions The relative expression of OTX1 and OTX2 was dependent on patient age, tumor location, and histological variant. In addition, OTX2 expression might be a predictive factor for leptomeningeal metastases of medulloblastoma. The OTX pathway should be consider as an important venue for medulloblastomas development.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo reconhecer e analisar criticamente os processos de constituição identitária dos professores que atuam na rede pública do Estado de São Paulo, com base nos indicadores instituídos pelas avaliações externas. Logo, foram feitas considerações teóricas a partir de dois campos que se entrelaçam: avaliações externas e identidade profissional docente. A partir de um referencial teórico baseado em uma leitura crítica acerca do processo de construção de identidade profissional e avaliações externas, buscou-se identificar alguns mecanismos de identidade construídos a partir dos resultados negativos das avaliações. Tal identificação foi possível a partir da análise do conteúdo das falas trazidas por professores que atuam em duas escolas públicas estaduais, localizadas no município de Carapicuíba, região da grande São Paulo. Foram escolhidos professores que vivenciaram em algum momento da trajetória profissional algumas das aplicações das avaliações do SARESP. Foram realizadas duas reuniões de grupo focal e, durante as sessões, os professores manifestaram suas interpretações sobre uma questão norteadora apresentada pela mediadora da discussão: Como cada um de vocês se posiciona diante das avaliações propostas pelo Estado (SARESP) e como se percebem inseridos no contexto das mudanças curriculares ocorridas no Estado de São Paulo? As falas foram interpretadas pela pesquisadora mediante três categorias básicas de análise: saberes da formação docente; resistência e transgressão; e políticas públicas e liberdade docente. Nas considerações finais, identificaram-se quatro mecanismos construídos pelos professores a partir do resultado negativo das avaliações: negação, transferência de responsabilidades, resistência e vitimização. Em relação à negação, considerou-se a possibilidade de o professor negar a existência do problema e agir, tendo como proposta uma ação calcada pelo currículo oculto. Quanto à transferência, considerou-se que os professores possam transferir as responsabilidades dos resultados a diversos personagens, sem se incluir nesse contexto. Já no que se refere à resistência, considerou-se a possibilidade do professor agir com base na rejeição. O quarto mecanismo é desenvolvido pelo professor ao se representar como vítima em um cenário desenvolvido pelas avalições externas. Portanto, considera-se que o professor modela sua identidade profissional a partir das políticas de resultados propostas pelo contexto das avaliações externas. The purpose of this research is to recognize and critically analyze the processes of identity formation of teachers working in the public network of the State of São Paulo, based on the indicators established by external assessments. Therefore, theoretical considerations were made from two fields of study that intertwine: external assessments and professional teacher identity. From a theoretical approach based on a critical reading about the process of building professional identity and external evaluations, the effort was to identify some identity mechanisms built from the negative results of the assessments. Such identification was possible from the analysis of the statements contents, brought by teachers who had experienced working in two state public schools, located in the municipality of Carapicuíba, region of Greater São Paulo. Teachers were chosen who experienced at some point in the professional trajectory some of the applications of the SARESP assessments. Two focus group meetings were held, and during the sessions the teachers expressed their interpretations on a guiding question presented by the discussion mediator: How do each of you stand in the face of the State\'s (SARESP) assessments and how do they perceive themselves inserted in the context of the curricular changes occurring in the State of São Paulo? The speeches were interpreted by the researcher through three basic categories of analysis: teacher training knowledge; resistance and transgression; and public policies and educational freedom. In the final considerations, four mechanisms constructed by teachers were identified based on the negative results of the evaluations: denial, transfer of responsibilities, resistance and victimization. In relation to negation, the possibility was considered of the teacher to deny the existence of the problem and to act, having as a proposal an action based on the hidden curriculum. Regarding the transfer, it was considered that teachers could transfer the responsibilities of the results to different characters, without being included in that context. Regarding resistance, it was considered the possibility of the teacher acting on the basis of resistance. The fourth mechanism is developed by the teacher when representing as a victim in a scenario developed by external evaluations. Therefore, it is considered that the teacher builds his professional identity based on the results policies proposed by the context of external assessments.

Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2021-03-23T15:43:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Ok_roseli_silva_matias.pdf: 1959007 bytes, checksum: 12a99dbf7ccbec4ea69bf9c4ee74086d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-23T15:43:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Ok_roseli_silva_matias.pdf: 1959007 bytes, checksum: 12a99dbf7ccbec4ea69bf9c4ee74086d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-22 This paper begins a theoretical presentation on cooperative fiscal federalism. Afterwards, he presents the Municipalities in the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988, without neglecting to discuss the complexities of the process of formation and extinction of municipal entities. The overwhelming emancipation of new municipalities, without criteria based on a study of financial viability, makes evident the fragility of the federative system. In contextualizing the importance of the municipal entities in the effectiveness of the Social State, it evaluates the system of revenue distribution for the Municipalities, presenting positive and negative aspects. A survey was carried out on the Municipality of São José da Laje, located in the State of Alagoas, relating the revenues of own taxes and those received from the Federal Government and the State of Alagoas, in financial years from 2012 to 2016, to determine the share of these revenues Intergovernmental Organizations in their Net Current Revenues. In the end, it presents the centralizing power of decisions and tax revenues on the part of the Union, reason for which it suffers the municipal autonomy. The conclusion, when discussing the entire structural division of labor, shows weaknesses in the federative fiscal cooperative system, which demand paradigm changes in the way the municipalities are treated. Este trabalho inicia uma apresentação teórica sobre federalismo fiscal cooperativo. Após, apresenta os Municípios na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, sem deixar de discorrer sobre as complexidades do processo de formação e extinção dos entes municipais. A emancipação avassaladora de novos municípios, sem critérios pautados em estudo de viabilidade financeira, deixa evidente a fragilidade do sistema federativo. Ao contextualizar a importância dos entes municipais na efetivação do Estado Social, avalia o sistema de repartição de receitas para os Municípios, apresentando aspectos positivos e negativos. É feita uma pesquisa sobre o Município de São José da Laje, localizado no Estado de Alagoas, relacionando as receitas de tributos próprios e as auferidas da União e do Estado de Alagoas, nos exercícios financeiros de 2012 a 2016, para conhecer a participação dessas receitas intergovernamentais nas respectivas Receitas Correntes Líquidas. Ao final, apresenta o poder centralizador de decisões e receitas tributárias por parte da União, motivo pelo qual padece a autonomia municipal. A conclusão, ao discorrer sobre toda a divisão estrutural do trabalho, demonstra fragilidades no sistema federativo cooperativo fiscal, as quais demandam mudanças de paradigmas no modo como os Municípios são tratados.

Astrocytomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors in adults. The WHO classification based on histologial characteristics according consider four malignant grades, glioblastoma (GBM) being the most malignant (grade IV). Molecular classification of GBM is based on the integration of somatic mutations, DNA methylation and specific transcript/protein expression and consider four subtypes: proneural, classic, mesenchymal and neural. Lysyl oxidase family is composed of five members (LOX, LOXL1, LOXL2, LOXL3 and LOXL4) which are enzymes responsible for catalyzing lysine-derived cross-links of collagen and elastin. The aim of the present work was to analyze the gene expression of LOXL3 in astrocytomas of different grades and different GBM molecular subtypes, the impact of LOXL3 expression level on overall survival in GBM cases of our cohort. These data were also analyzed in the TCGA database to validate our findings. LOXL3expression increased with astrocytoma malignant grades, and proved to be a prognostic factor, as GBM patients with lower LOXL3 expression presented longer survival time than those with higher expression (p Citation Format: Talita de Souza Laurentinho, Roseli da Silva Soares, Suely Kazue Marie, Sueli Mieko Oba-Shinjo. Expression profile and role of LOXL3 in astrocytomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5175.

In order to identify miRNAs able to distinguish melanoma patients with good or poor prognosis, the expression profile of a panel of miRNAs evaluated in primary melanoma samples from 65 patients was compared to clinicopathological data from these patients (Breslow’s depth, mitotic counts, metastasis progression and survival). The miR-142-3p was identified as presenting at least 2-fold reduced expression in melanoma samples from patients with poor prognosis for 3 of 4 clinical parameters analyzed compared to melanoma samples from patients with good prognosis. The miR-142-3p expression was validated by RT-qPCR in primary human melanoma samples, confirming a significant lower expression in melanoma patients with poor prognosis compared to those with good prognosis. Searching for miR-142-3p mRNA targets in melanoma, the gene expression profile was analyzed by gene microarrays in a wild type and miR-142-3p overexpressing melanoma cell line. RAC1, ITGB8 e GNB2 were found as potential targets of this miRNA. Protein expression analyses in melanoma cell lines overexpressing the miR-142-3p reinforced the regulation of RAC1 by this miRNA. Functional assays showed that the overexpression of miR-142-3p leads to a reduced migratory ability compared to control cells, indicating its role in cell migration process. Finally, multivariate COX analyses demonstrated that high levels of RAC1 and reduced levels of miR-142-3p predict poor progression-free survival of melanoma patients, revealing these molecules as potential prognostic biomarkers for melanoma patients. Supported by FAPESP, CNPQ and CAPES Short title: miR-142-3p as a prognostic factor in melanoma Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Adriana T. Cruz, Júlia A. Morata, Ana C. Monteiro, Ana Luísa P. Ayub, Roseli S. Soares, André Fujita, Fernando Andrade, Victor Tron, Miriam G. Jasiulionis. miR-142-3p as a regulator of RAC1 and a prognostic factor in melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2779.

Background Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase (MELK) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. These multiple features are consistent with it being a potential anticancer target. Nevertheless, the MELK pathway in tumorigenesis is not yet completely understood. This study aims to identify proteins associated with MELK pathway in astrocytomas. To this end, proteomic data of the human glioma cell line U87MG transfected with siRNA for MELK were compared with non-target transfected control cells and compared with oligonucleotide microarray data. Results In both assays, we identified stathmin/oncoprotein 18 (STMN1), involved in cell cycle. STMN1 gene expression was further assessed in a series of 154 astrocytomas and 22 non-neoplastic brain samples by qRT-PCR. STMN1 expression was significantly increased in malignant diffusely infiltrative astrocytomas compared with pilocytic astrocytoma (p

OBJECTIVE: ASCT2 and LAT1 are aminoacid transporters involved in glutamine transport and play a role in tumor growth. Previous studies have shown an association of ASCT2 to cell proliferation through the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) translational machinery; LAT1 has been shown as a prognostic marker due to its relation to tumor invasion, microscopic vascular invasion and metastasis. This study analyzed the gene expression of ASCT2 and LAT1 in astrocytomas of different grades and how this correlates to clinical outcome in glioblastoma patients. METHOD: This is an observational study with ASCT2 and LAT1 mRNA expression analysis in 153 samples of human astrocytomas, distributed in different World Health Organization (WHO) grades of malignancy (23 at grade I or pilocytic astrocytoma, 26 at grade II or low-grade astrocytoma, 18 at grade III or anaplastic astrocytoma, 86 at grade IV astrocytoma or glioblastoma (AGIV or GBM)); these were compared to 22 non-neoplastic brain samples. RESULTS: Significant hyperexpression of both genes was observed particularly in malignant astrocytomas (GIII & GBM). Moreover, LAT1 hyperexpression impacted negatively in the overall survival in a subset of GBM patients. CONCLUSION: LAT1 is more expressed in higher grade astrocytomas. It leads to a poorer prognosis among GBM patients and may be a potential therapeutical target. OBJETIVO: ASCT2 e LAT1 são transportadores de aminoácidos envolvidos no transporte de glutamina e desempenham um papel no crescimento tumoral. Estudos prévios mostraram uma associação de ASCT2 com proliferação celular através da maquinaria de tradução do mTOR; tem sido mostrado que o LAT1 é um marcador prognóstico devido à sua relação com invasão tumoral, invasão vascular microscópica e metástase. Este estudo analisou a expressão gênica de ASCT2 e LAT1 em astrocitomas de diferentes graus e sua correlação com desfecho clínico em pacientes com glioblastoma. METODO: Este é um estudo observacional com análise de expressão de RNAm de ASCT2 e LAT1 em 153 amostras de astrocitomas humanos, distribuídas em diferentes graus de malignidade segundo a OMS (23 astrocitomas de grau I ou astrocitoma pilocítico, 26 de astrocitoma de grau II ou astrocitoma de baixo grau, 18 de astrocitoma de grau III ou astrocitoma anaplásico, 86 de astrocitoma de grau IV ou glioblastoma (AGIV ou GBM); estes foram comparados com 22 amostras cerebrais não neoplásicas. RESULTADOS: Foi observada uma hiperexpressão de ambos os genes, particularmente nos astrocitomas malignos (GIII & GBM). Além disso, a hiperexpressão LAT1 impactou negativamente na sobrevida global em um grupo de pacientes com GBM. CONCLUSÃO: LAT1 é mais expresso em astrocitomas de grau maior. Isso leva a um pior prognóstico entre os pacientes com GBM e pode ser um potencial alvo terapêutico.

O objetivo do artigo é avaliar a sustentabilidade da política fiscal brasileira, utilizando uma restrição orçamentária intertemporal para o setor público, que implica que a cointegração entre gasto fiscal e arrecadação fiscal é uma condição suficiente para um comportamento do governo “ricardiano”, dada a estacionariedade da taxa real de juros. Utilizam-se séries temporais longas que incluem períodos mais recentes que estudos anteriores (julho de 1986 a dezembro de 2006), o que permite avaliar os efeitos dos ajustes fiscais realizados principalmente a partir de 1998, bem como o comportamento de elevação dos gastos públicos. Aplica-se uma metodologia econométrica multivariada que possibilita a avaliação de efeitos de mudanças estruturais sobre a estabilidade do posto de cointegração ao longo da amostra, garantindo a robustez dos resultados para a amostra completa. Os resultados encontrados são coincidentes com a maioria da evidência empírica disponível para o caso brasileiro, ao confirmar que existe cointegração entre gasto e arrecadação com senhoriagem apenas na presença de senhoriagem como fonte adicional de receita.

Pompe's disease (PD) is a metabolic myopathy caused by the accumulation of lysosomal glycogen, secondary to acid α-glucosidase (GAA) enzyme deficiency. Childhood and late-onset forms are described, differing by the age of onset and symptoms. In this study were analyzed affected siblings with Pompe's disease (PD) and their distinct clinical and pathological presentations. METHOD: Diagnosis was performed by the clinical presentation of limb-girdle dystrophies and respiratory compromise. Confirmatory diagnoses were conducted by muscle biopsy, GAA activity measurement and by GAA gene genotyping. RESULTS: The findings suggested muscular involvement due to GAA deficiency. GAA genotyping showed they are homozygous for the c.-32-3C>A mutation. CONCLUSION: Herein we reported a family where three out of five siblings were diagnosed with late-onset PD, although it is a rare metabolic disease inherited in an autossomal recessive manner. We emphasize the importance of including this presentation within the differential diagnoses of the limb-girdle dystrophies once enzyme replacement therapy is available.

INTRODUCTION: Astrocytic gliomas are the most common intracranial central nervous system neoplasias, accounting for about 60% of all primary central nervous system tumors. Despite advances in the treatment of gliomas, no effective therapeutic approach is yet available; hence, the search for a more realistic model to generate more effective therapies is essential. OBJECTIVE: To develop an experimental malignant astrocytoma model with the characteristics of the human tumor. METHOD: Primary cells from subcutaneous xenograft tumors produced with malignant astrocytoma U87MG cells were inoculated intracerebrally by stereotaxis into immunosuppressed (athymic) Rowett rats. RESULTS: All four injected animals developed non-infiltrative tumors, although other glioblastoma characteristics, such as necrosis, pseudopalisading cells and intense mitotic activity, were observed. CONCLUSION: A malignant astrocytoma intracerebral xenograft model with poorly invasive behavior was achieved in athymic Rowett rats. Tumor invasiveness in an experimental animal model may depend on a combination of several factors, including the cell line used to induce tumor formation, the rat strains and the status of the animal’s immune system.

O objetivo deste artigo e investigar as causas gerais dos diferenciais da taxa de juros real (rids) para um conjunto de paises emergentes, para o periodo de janeiro de 1996 a agosto de 2007. Para tanto, duas metodologias sao aplicadas. A primeira consiste em decompor a variância dos rids entre a paridade do poder de compra relativa e a paridade de juros a descoberto e mostra que os diferenciais de inflacao sao a fonte predominante da variabilidade dos rids; a segunda decompoe os rids e os diferenciais de juros nominais (nids) em choques nominais e reais. Sob certas condicoes de identificacao, modelos autorregressivos bivariados sao estimados com tratamento adequado para as quebras estruturais identificadas e as funcoes de resposta ao impulso e a decomposicao da variância dos erros de previsao sao obtidas, resultando em evidencias favoraveis a que os choques reais sao a causa mais provavel dos rids.

Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II or acid maltase deficiency) is an inherited autosomal recessive deficiency of acid α-glucosidase (GAA), with predominant manifestations of skeletal muscle weakness. A broad range of studies have been published focusing on Pompe patients from different countries, but none from Brazil. We investigated 41 patients with either infantile-onset (21 cases) or late-onset (20 cases) disease by muscle pathology, enzyme activity and GAA gene mutation screening. Molecular analyses identified 71 mutant alleles from the probands, nine of which are novel (five missense mutations c.136T > G, c.650C > T, c.1456G > C, c.1834C > T, and c.1905C > A, a splice-site mutation c.1195-2A > G, two deletions c.18_25del and c.2185delC, and one nonsense mutation c.643G > T). Interestingly, the c.1905C > A variant was detected in four unrelated patients and may represent a common Brazilian Pompe mutation. The c.2560C > T severe mutation was frequent in our population suggesting a high prevalence in Brazil. Also, eight out of the 21 infantile-onset patients have two truncating mutations predicted to abrogate protein expression. Of the ten late-onset patients who do not carry the common late-onset intronic mutation c.-32-13T > G, five (from three separate families) carry the recently described intronic mutation, c.-32-3C > A, and one sibpair carries the novel missense mutation c.1781G > C in combination with known severe mutation c.1941C > G. The association of these variants (c.1781G > C and c.-32-3C > A) with late-onset disease suggests that they allow for some residual activity in these patients. Our findings help to characterize Pompe disease in Brazil and support the need for additional studies to define the wide clinical and pathological spectrum observed in this disease.