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As the climate change takes place, the cultivation of temperate climate crops in subtropical areas has become a challenge. The success of fruit crops, such as blackberry, in certain areas depends basically on its chilling requirement and the chilling accumulation in those areas. Usually the models used to predict those accumulations presents widely variable results being necessary to test the models in the location where the species is cultivated. The objective of this work was to estimate the chilling requirement for bud break of blackberry cultivars Caingangue, BRS Cainguá, Guarani, Tupy, BRS Xavante, BRS Xingu, Brazos, Cherokee and Choctaw, using the models of Utah, Positive Utah, Low Chill, Taiwan, Chilling Hours ≤7.2°C, Chilling Hours ≤11°C, and Dynamic and both temperature and phenological data from 2010 to 2019. The results showed a high variability in cold accumulation for all studied cultivars in all tested models. None of the models performed perfectly to estimate chilling requirement however, the Taiwan and the Utah Positive models can be used to provide a rough estimate of this requirement. On the other hand, Utah and Low Chill models are clearly not suitable for estimating blackberry chilling requirement. The estimated chilling requirement showed that all the studied cultivars are well adapted to the climatic conditions of the southern Rio Grande do Sul, which is emphasized by their good productivity in most of the years.

Even though the peach tree was introduced in Brazil during the XVI century, it was only on the 1940’s that the first peach breeding program started in the country. Later on, other programs started being, until now, the largest ones, and the programs that gave more significant contributions to the peach crop development those from the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas and from Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. Presently, peach is cultivated not only in the colder areas of the South but also in the subtropics and high altitude areas of the tropics, due to dozens of cultivars released by these breeding programs. Peaches are sold entirely in the domestic market and in the largest consumers market, State of São Paulo, the preference is for white sweet flesh and low acid peaches with attractive appearance. The ‘BRS Serenata’ cultivar was released to fulfill a gap of white flesh peach between the seasons of ‘BRS Kampai’ and ‘BRS Fascínio’. Resumo O pessegueiro foi introduzido no Brasil no século XVI; mas, apesar disso, o primeiro programa de melhoramento só teve início no País, no fim da década de 1940. Mais tarde, outros programas foram iniciados, mas os maiores e que mais contribuições deram à cultura do pessegueiro foram o do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas e o da Embrapa Clima Temperado. Atualmente, o pessegueiro é cultivado não apenas nas áreas mais frias do Sul do Brasil, mas também nas áreas subtropicais e tropicais de altitude, graças às dezenas de cultivares lançadas por estes programas de melhoramento genético. A produção de pêssego brasileira destina-se ao mercado interno, e no maior centro consumidor do País, São Paulo, a preferência é por pêssegos com polpa branca, doces, com baixa acidez e aparência atrativa. A cultivar BRS Serenata está sendo lançada com o objetivo de preencher a lacuna de pêssegos de polpa branca, entre a estação de ‘BRS Kampai’ e ‘BRS Fascínio’.

Uma das razões para a baixa demanda de amoras do mercado no Brasil é o sabor ácido da fruta fresca. Os frutos da cultivar BRS Cainguá, recém-lançada, têm um sabor melhor e uma forma muito atraente. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-19T16:42:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BRS-Caingua.pdf: 421542 bytes, checksum: d92f0561aa7e0654e88030e36f66315e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Psidium cattleianum Sabine, commonly known as araçá, is a Brazilian native fruit, which is very juicy, with sweet to sub acid pulp and a spicy touch. The fruit can be eaten fresh or processed into juice, jellies and ice creams. Araçás are source of vitamin C, minerals, fatty acids, polysaccharides, volatile compounds, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which can provide nutrients and phytochemical agents with different biological functions. Different pharmacological studies demonstrate that P. cattleianum exerts antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antiaging effects. Thus, this article aims to review the chemical composition and biological effects reported for araçá fruit in the last years.

Brazilian native fruits are reported to be promising sources of bioactive compounds; however their bioactivity depends on their stability along the digestive process. This study evaluated the α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) stability of araçá, butiá and pitanga fruit extracts using an in vitro digestion model. Additionally, the individual phenolic compound recovery of the most stable and active extract was evaluated by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. Overall, the antioxidant activity of all extracts decreased along the process. Araçá fruit extracts, at the end of digestion, showed α-glucosidase inhibition values similar to their non-digested extracts and the highest TPC recovery (28%). Recovery of individual phenolic compounds of red araçá fruit extract revealed a negative impact on the stability of ellagitannins. Araçá fruit extract seems to provide phenolic compounds with α-glucosidase inhibitory properties after the gastrointestinal digestion, indicating their potential to be used in the control of type II diabetes. Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-11T23:40:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RosaLiaFoodFunct.2018963816391.pdf: 393887 bytes, checksum: 8df47ef6d143f00b8ebf460e3dec13e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-01-10

Peach is a traditional crop in the south of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, where 30 to 53 million cans of peaches in syrup are produced annually. All the raw material produced in the region consists of fruits originating from the peach breeding program of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Temperate Agriculture), which started even before Embrapa at the Experimental Station of Pelotas, Ministry of Agriculture. The objective was to estimate the genetic progress in phenological traits and production of canning peach resulting from the peach breeding program of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture in 53 years. We divided the data records considered in the estimation of genetic progress into two periods, 1964-1984 and 1985-2017, totaling 53 years. The following traits: maturing period, cycle, number of fruits, fruit weight, yield, and soluble solids content were evaluated. We initially tabulated data and analyzed descriptive statistics. Subsequently, we conducted analysis of mixed models and obtained the estimates of genetic progress through meta-analysis. Genetic gain for earliness, shortening the cycle from flowering to maturation, and genetic gain for fruit yield were observed.

O programa de melhoramento da Embrapa fornece um processamento de pessego cultivar, 'BRS Jaspe'. Ao longo dos anos, o rendimento desta cultivar foi estavel e seus frutos podem ser colhidos em meados de novembro, com bom tamanho e sabor. Pode representar uma alternativa a cultivar Granada, com um periodo de maturacao semelhante.

BRS Citrino is a highly productive canning peach that has a round to conic shape. The flesh has a sweet acid flavor with a slight bitterness, giving a good quality product when canned. It is adapted to southern Rio Grande do Sul, where the production of processed peaches is concentrated. Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-06T02:12:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1984-7033-cbab-18-02-234.pdf: 425894 bytes, checksum: 78ef0b76704abce1cb8ec4a193efedba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

Native fruits have been known as a great source of bioactive compounds with potential biological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activities of araca (Psidium cattleianum Sabine), butia (Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick) and pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) and relate their chemical composition with the observed biological activity. Samples of mature fruits were extracted with ethanol and the observed biological activities were dependent of the species and concentration as well. Aracas were the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitors (IC50 value of 25.4 ± 0.7 and 31.8 ± 0.7 µg/ml, respectively). Pitangas showed antiradical activities against DPPH, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals. Orange pitanga and butia from Santa Vitoria do Palmar were the most active concerning anion superoxide radical. All fruits are rich in total phenolic compounds with values in the range of 454.5 ± 17.3–908.3 ± 60.8 mg of equivalents of chlorogenic acid/100 g fresh weight. Purple pitanga stood out due to their levels of anthocyanins and carotenoids. Fruits showed similar amounts of total sugars, aracas and pitangas showed higher levels of reducing sugars while butias were the richest ones in non-reducing sugars. Fruits with lower IC50 values for α-glucosidase inhibition were correlated with higher concentrations of reducing sugars, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and carotenoids and grouped by principal component analysis (PCA). The obtained results indicate that these native fruits are promising sources of α-glucosidase inhibitors and antioxidants that can be used to control glycemia in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus.

Because of climatic changes, the cultivation of temperate climate plants such as peach in subtropical climates has become a challenge. In these areas, temperatures exceeding 25°C often occur during the pre-flowering and flowering phases. The high temperature causes damages by acting during the early stages of pollen-pistil interaction processes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stigmatic receptivity of peach flowers at 18°C and 30°C. The pollen adherence was evaluated as well as the germination and presence of pollen tubes in the transmitting tissue of the style. The genotypes responded differently to temperature. ?Granada,? ?Diamante?,and ?Sensação? had a stigmatic receptivity that was less affected when flowers were exposed to the higher temperature. Most genotypes showed a reduction in the number of pistils with pollen tubes growing in the style, particularly when pollination was delayed. Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-04T18:25:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArtigoSilvia2020.pdf: 1148148 bytes, checksum: 6e0128a71a011cac23de93c902801cd1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

The pitanga ( Eugenia uniflora L.) belongs to Myrtaceae family, and it is native to an area extended from central Brazil through to the north of Argentina. The common name, pitanga, is from the Tupy indigenous language, “pi'tag”, meaning red, in reference to the fruit color. The pitanga has the appearance of a small pumpkin, is a green color when immature and, when ripened, may have orange, red to dark purple color. This species is well known by the Brazilian population, and has long been used in folk medicine for different purposes. The chemical fruit composition is highly variable, with an average of 77% pulp and 23% seed, and is rich in calcium, phosphorus, anthocyanin and flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, anthocyanin, and vitamin C. The potential uses of pitanga abound. In addition to the fresh market, fruits can be used for industrialization as frozen pulp, juices, nectars, icecream, and jellies. In addition to the processing possibilities, therapeutic properties of the pitanga leaves are known. However, despite all the knowledge on possible uses of fruits, leaves, and wood of this species, its use is still very limited, leaving the commercial exploitation of its fruits restricted to northeast of Brazil, where they are used for pulp and juice production. With regard to the leaves, the essential oil is used in the manufacture of cosmetics. More recently, in southern Brazil, the pitanga has been used in very small amounts for the manufacture of nectars by some small business, and are generally sold only in the local market, mainly at fairs and exhibitions.

This study aimed to prepare jellies of conventional type of red strawberry guava (with added sucrose) and no added sugar and evaluate the physical and chemical composition and content of bioactive compounds in them. Four jellies formulations were prepared: conventional with addition of sucrose (F1), aspartame (F2), saccharin and cyclamate (F3), acesulfame and sucralose (F4). Physicochemical analysis of pH were carried out, as well as analysis of titratable acidity, total soluble solids, ashes, proteins, lipids, moisture, carbohydrates, calories, lightness, color tone, total phenols, anthocyanins, carotenoids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity, by the capture of DPPH and ABTS radicals. Conventional and no added sugars jellies did not differ for total phenols, total anthocyanins and ascorbic acid. However, processing exerted significant influence (p=0.05) on total carotenoids and antioxidant activity. It is feasible to use red strawberry guava for the preparation of conventional and no added sugar jellies. The products, however, show a significant difference in carotenoids content, with the highest content of these and higher antioxidant activity in processed jellies without sugars addition.

Foram utilizados marcadores AFLP para a avaliação de populações de plantas de pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora) oriundas de autopolinização e de polinização livre, com o objetivo de verificar a variabilidade existente entre e dentro dessas populações, visando a fornecer mais informações que ajudem no entendimento do modo de reprodução dessa espécie. O material vegetal utilizado foi oriundo de duas seleções de pitangueira ("Pit 15" e "Pit 52"), mantidas na Embrapa Clima Temperado. De cada seleção, foram obtidas duas populações F1, por meio de autopolinização e de polinização livre, totalizando quatro populações. Foram analisados 18 indivíduos de cada população e as duas plantas-mãe, totalizando 74 indivíduos. Foram utilizadas três combinações de primers AFLP e calculada a similaridade genética entre plantas pelo coeficiente de Jaccard. Uma estimativa da variabilidade genética entre e dentro das populações foi estimada pela AMOVA. As três combinações de primers AFLP utilizadas amplificaram um total de 178 locos AFLP, dos quais 114 (64,0%) foram polimórficos entre todos os indivíduos. Não houve separação clara entre populações descendentes da mesma planta-mãe. Foi observado maior polimorfismo de marcadores AFLP em populações de polinização livre. A proporção da variabilidade genética total entre populações foi significativa, embora tenha sido menor do que aquela observada dentro das populações. A reprodução da pitangueira é decorrente tanto da autofertilização quanto da polinização cruzada, sendo necessário, no entanto, novos estudos para determinar qual a estratégia de reprodução mais eficiente.

O mirtilo (Vaccinium sp.) é uma espécie de clima temperado que, por ocasião do período vegetativo, produz abundante quantidade de material vegetal que pode ser utilizado na propagação. Objetivou-se verificar o potencial de enraizamento de estacas herbáceas de diferentes cultivares de mirtilo, tratadas ou não com ácido indolbutírico e com e sem lesão na base. O trabalho foi realizado em dois experimentos, testando a capacidade de enraizamento das cultivares Florida, Woodard, Bluegem, Bluebele, Clímax e Briteblue. No primeiro experimento, as estacas das cultivares foram tratadas com AIB (0, 2500, 5000 e 7500mgL-1). No segundo experimento utilizou-se 2000mgL-1 de AIB, em estacas com e sem lesão na base. O delineamento utilizado foi completamente casualizado com repetições e unidades experimentais adequadas para cada experimento. O uso do ácido indolbutírico e a lesão nas estacas, não proporcionaram estímulo na emissão de raízes adventícias; as cultivares apresentam potencial genético de enraizamento diferenciado, sendo que, a Bluebelle apresentou maiores porcentuais de estacas enraizadas, e a Clímax, os menores porcentuais.

The objective of this work was to establish a suitable culture medium and conditions to be used for in vitro germination tests of feijoa pollen. It also had the aim to test the possibility of storage of this pollen in a freezer (-18 °C). The pollen was collected from flowers immediately after anthesis. The test media were the standard (10% sugar, plus 1% agar dissolved in distilled water), and the addition of two H3BO3 (0.65 mM and 1.3 mM) to this medium. Incubation temperatures of 25 and 30 oC were tested. High average percentage of in vitro germination (79.7%) was obtained after three hours of incubation at 25 °C. Highest germination percentages (85.6, 52.3 and 9.3% after storage for zero, 90 and 150 days respectively) were achieved with the addition of 1.3 mM of H3BO3 to the standard medium. Feijoa pollen lost viability after 90 and 150 days in freezer storage, reducing germination percentage from 79.7 to 45.9% and 6.1% respectively.

This work aimed to evaluate meiotic index in Myrtaceae species, native of southern Brazil. Flower buds were collected and stored in ethylic alcohol:propionic acid (2:1) until evaluation by the smear and squash technique with propionic carmin as a dye. A minimum of 10 buds and 2000 tetrads were observed. Acca sellowiana showed a high cytological stability (96%) whereas Eugenia involucrata, E. pyriformis, Campomanesia xanthocarpa, and E. uniflora (populations "A" and "B") showed reasonable stability, respectively 87.3%, 89.5%, 89.3%, 84.8%, and 88.3%. Pollen germination of E. uniflora was considerably low than of the other species. The most common abnormality was the occurrence of triads. Further evaluations should be conducted in individual plants of each species, in order to enable the characterization of different clones or populations to form the basis of future genetic breeding programs.

A pitangueira é uma frutífera nativa com potencial para exploração comercial. Entretanto, os métodos de propagação mais comuns não são satisfatórios para a multiplicação desta espécie em larga escala. O objetivo do trabalho foi o de avaliar o uso do método de enxertia de garfagem no topo, em fenda cheia e dupla fenda, bem como a melhor época para a realização desta prática (julho, agosto e setembro), nas condições do Sul do Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido no ano de 2005, na Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas-RS. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 (tipo de garfagem x época de enxertia), com 5 repetições. Conclui-se que a enxertia de garfagem no topo, em fenda cheia e/ou em dupla fenda, pode ser utilizada para a propagação vegetativa da pitangueira durante o inverno, sendo que a enxertia de garfagem em fenda cheia proporcionou melhores percentuais de pegamento dos enxertos (60,0%) do que a garfagem em dupla fenda (44,2%). Quanto à época, os melhores percentuais foram obtidos no mês de setembro, com 67,5% de pegamento dos enxertos, seguido pelo mês de agosto e julho, com 51,3% e 37,5%, respectivamente. The Surinam cherry is a native fruit from Brazil with a great potential for commercial production. However, the common clonal propagation methods have not given a high percentage of success. The present work had the aim to test the use of two types of grafting: cleft graft and wedge graft as well as the best time to use this technique (July, August and September), under Southern Brazil conditions. The experiment was carried out at EMBRAPA Clima Temperado, in Pelotas, RS, in the year of 2005. The experimental design was completely randomized arranged as a 2x3 factorial plan (type of grafting x time), with 5 replications . It was concluded that both types of grafting could be used, during the winter time, for asexual propagation of Surinam cherry. Cleft grafting had the highest percentage of survival (60%) when compared to the wedge grafting (44.2%). The highest percentage of grafting success was obtained in September with 67.5%, followed by the months of August and July, with 51.3% and 37.5%, respectively.

The objective of the present work was to check the best medium and conditions for in vitro germination of pollen of Surinam cherry ( Eugenia uniflora ). Possibility of storage in freezer was also studied. The pollen was collected from flowers at balloon stage and immediately after anthesis in two populations of this species at Embrapa Clima Temperado Research Center, Pelotas, of state Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil. The tested media were the standard (10% sugar, plus 1% agar dissolved in distilled water), and the addition of two H 3 BO 3 concentrations (0.65 mM and 1.3 mM) to this medium. Incubation temperatures of 20, 25 and 30oC were tested. The best germination percentage was achieved after five hours incubating at 25°C. Boron did not influence the pollen germination of Surinam cherry. The pollen lost viability after 105 days of storage in freezer.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de estabelecer condições adequadas para testes de germinação in vitro do pólen de cerejeira-do-rio-grande (Eugenia involucrata DC), bem como verificar a possibilidade de armazená-lo em freezer (-16,5°C). O pólen foi coletado de flores em estádio de balão e logo após a antese. Os meios de cultura testados foram o meio padrão (10% de açúcar e 1% de ágar em água destilada) e este acrescido de duas concentrações de H3BO3 (0,65mM e 1,3mM). Foram testadas as temperaturas de incubação de 25 e 30ºC. O período de incubação foi de três horas, para todos os tratamentos. A incubação a 25°C, em meio de cultura-padrão, proporcionou boas médias (61,4%) de germinação in vitro. Pólen coletado de flores após a antese apresentou maiores porcentagens de germinação. O boro não influenciou na germinação média do pólen. O pólen de cerejeira-do-rio-grande manteve sua viabilidade (60,0%) após 90 dias de armazenamento a -16,5°C. Entretanto, após 220 e 280 dias, esta foi reduzida para 40,6% e 24,2% e, após 530 dias, houve perda total de viabilidade. The objective of the present work was to determine a suitable medium and conditions for in vitro germination of Rio-Grande-Cherry (Eugenia involucrata DC) pollen. Possibility of storage in freezer (-16,5°C) was also studied. The pollen was collected from flowers at balloon stage and right after anthesis. The tested media were: the standard (10% sucrose, plus 1% agar dissolved in distilled water), and the addition of two H3Bo3 (0.65mM and 1.3mM) to this medium. Temperatures of incubation of 25 and 30ºC were tested. Independent of the treatment the incubation period was three hours. Incubation at 25°C in the standard medium provided good germination (61.4%). Boron did not influence the pollen germination. Pollen collected from flowers right after anthesis showed high germination percentage. The Rio-Grande-Cherry pollen conserved the viability (60.0%) after 90 days of storage at -16,5°C. However, after 220 and 280 days it was reduced to 40.6% and 24.2% and, after 530 days, there was total loss of viability.

Pêssegos tipo platicarpa têm alcançado ótimos preços devido à boa aceitação no mercado. entretanto, a quase totalidade das cultivares lançadas são bastante exigentes em frio hibernal e não se adaptam às condições brasileiras, exceção representada por pequenas áreas de microclimas, com elevada altitude. a cultivar BRS Mandinho é a primeira cultivar da variedade botânica platicarpa lançada no Brasil e adapta-se a condições subtropicais. Suas plantas são vigorosas e a floração, no Rio Grande do Sul, ocorre na segunda quinzena de Julho. As frutas são doces e amadurecem em novembro e apresentam massa média de 55,3 g. Scientific Communication.

Destino; Produção nacional;Tecnologias. Made available in DSpace on 2022-08-02T19:21:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Frutas-vermelhas-Anuario-HF.pdf: 3968932 bytes, checksum: a094d71be880fa328af95b214f36497e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022 Anuário HF 2022.

A atividade de melhoramento genético exige continuidade bem como, muito tempo, trabalho e recursos (humanos, genéticos e financeiros). Apesar disso, nos Estados Unidos e em vários países europeus, o desenvolvimento de novas cultivares passou a ser um negócio. Assim, a maioria dos grandes viveiros americanos e europeus tem seu próprio programa de melhoramento. Nas instituições públicas de vários países há uma forte tendência de um esforço maior no sentido de enfatizar obtenção e manutenção de germoplasma, estudos genéticos e técnicas de melhoramento. Evidentemente que esforços conjuntos, principalmente por parte de grupos como RosBreed nos Estados Unidos e do Fruit Breedomics na Europa, são muito importantes, por fornecerem importantes ferramentas ao melhoramento clássico, principalmente no que se refere a marcadores moleculares. O método mais utilizado no desenvolvimento de cultivares é, ainda, a hibridação controlada, seguida por seleção fenotípica e propagação clonal. Dentre os objetivos prioritários da maioria dos programas de melhoramento do pessegueiro estão: adaptação às mudanças climáticas (baixa necessidade em frio; tolerância a altas ou muito baixas temperaturas); produtividade; aparência dos frutos (forma mais arredondada, coloração atrativa e tamanho grande) e qualidade dos frutos (sabor mais doce e textura da polpa); aderência do caroço (solto ou semi-livre para frutas tipo mesa); firmeza da polpa e conservação da fruta (resistência ao manuseio e transporte; baixa produção de etileno); e resistência a doenças. Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-13T02:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Artigo-Overall-situation.pdf: 252717 bytes, checksum: 8f25c76d83f2da562cb8aba829e85347 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 VIII Encuentro Latinoamericano Prunus sin Fronteras.

In terms of breeding perennial plants, the Embrapa's blackberry breeding program is relatively recent. It started between the end of the 1970s and beginning of the 1980s with a very limited number of cultivars plus a fairly good number of seeds from hybridizations made at the University of Arkansas, USA. Objective: this paper aim to present, in a summarized way, the current stage and recent achievements regarding the top priorities of the breeding program Methodology: Controlled hybridizations is the main method used and adaptation to mild winters conditions besides a higher ratio (sugar/acid contents) are among the main objectives. Results: Other objectives include high productivity, large size and firm fruits, good post-harvest conservation, erect, thornless canes and harvest period at different time of ?Tupy,? the most important one, in Brazil. Implications: It is believed that in the coming years, the Brazilian market will learn to like fresh blackberry, mainly considering the release of ?BRS Cainguá? and others that hopefully will follow. Conclusion: The present status of the program and achievements related to the main goals are discussed. Advanced selections with potential to become a future cultivar are briefly described, emphasizing next probable releases. Título em espanhol: El programa de mejora de blackberry de "Embrapa Clima Temperado": una actualización.

As the climate change takes place, the cultivation of temperate climate crops in subtropical areas has become a challenge. The success of fruit crops, such as blackberry, in certain areas depends basically on its chilling requirement and the chilling accumulation in those areas. Usually the models used to predict those accumulations presents widely variable results being necessary to test the models in the location where the species is cultivated. The objectiveof this work was to estimate the chilling requirement for bud break of blackberry cultivars Caingangue, BRS Cainguá, Guarani, Tupy, BRS Xavante, BRS Xingu, Brazos, Cherokee and Choctaw, using the models of Utah, Positive Utah, Low Chill, Taiwan, Chilling Hours ?7.2°C, Chilling Hours ?11°C, and Dynamic and both temperature and phenological data from 2010 to 2019. The results showed a high variability in cold accumulation for all studied cultivars in all tested models. None of the models performed perfectly to estimate chilling requirement however, the Taiwan and the Utah Positive models can be used to provide a rough estimate of this requirement. On the other hand, Utah and Low Chill models are clearly not suitable for estimating blackberry chilling requirement. The estimated chilling requirement showed that all the studied cultivars are well adapted to the climatic conditions of the southern Rio Grande do Sul, which is emphasized by their good productivity inmost of the years. Made available in DSpace on 2021-10-05T02:14:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Artigo-Estimation-of-Chilling-Accumulation.pdf: 445216 bytes, checksum: d4b478fe82eec64fbd525d31232f9d32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Article no.JEAI.74561.

Bala mastigável é um produto obtido da cocção de açúcares que se caracteriza por ser mastigável e de dissolução relativamente lenta na boca, e cuja cor, sabor, aroma e textura se deve a alguns agentes que conferem corpo à bala. A inserção de frutas na formulação de balas mastigáveis pode eliminar ou reduzir o uso de aditivos, além de incorporar compostos benéficos à saúde que estão presentes nas frutas. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as características físico-químicas, com foco nos compostos potencialmente bioativos, e nas características sensoriais em balas mastigáveis formuladas com polpa blend (amora-preta, butiá e pitanga vermelha). As balas mastigáveis foram elaboradas em recipiente de aço inoxidável, à pressão atmosférica e sob agitação manual constante, com temperatura final de processo de 123 ºC. O tempo de processamento das balas foi em média de 8 minutos. Após a moldagem, as balas foram embaladas em filme de polipropileno biorientado e armazenadas à temperatura ambiente (20 ? 22 ºC). Para a quantificação dos compostos fenólicos da polpa e da bala foi utilizado o procedimento descrito por Singleton; Rossi (1965); as antocianinas foram quantificadas segundo metodologia descrita por Lees; Francis (1972), e o conteúdo de carotenoides foi determinado segundo o método descrito por Rodriguez-Amaya (1999). A atividade antioxidante foi determinada pela captura do radical DPPH? através de método adaptado de Brand-Williams et al. (1995). Os resultados obtidos na atividade antioxidante pela captura do radical DPPH?, dos compostos fenólicos, das antocianinas e dos carotenoides da polpa blend foram de 50,41±2,12 % de inibição do radical em base úmida, 135,05±5,22 mg de ácido gálico 100g-1 de amostra em base úmida, 9,32±0,7 mg de cianidina 3-glicosídeo 100g-1 de amostra em base úmida e 0,167±0,01 mg de ?-caroteno 100 g-1 de amostra em base úmida, respectivamente. Os valores obtidos na bala a partir desta polpa foi de 2,60±0,41 % de inibição do radical em base úmida, 23,46±2,06 mg de ácido gálico 100g-1 de amostra em base úmida, 5,23±0,30 mg de cianidina 3-glicosídeo 100g-1 de amostra em base úmida e 0,027±0,01 mg de ?-caroteno 100 g-1 de amostra em base úmida, respectivamente. Foi observado que as condições de processamento neste estudo influenciaram na redução dos compostos bioativos, com redução de 27,62% no conteúdo de compostos fenólicos e 32,64% no teor de carotenoides, para as balas elaboradas com polpa blend, respectivamente. Em relação as antocianinas houve a degradação total desse pigmento nessa bala. Para aumentar a estabilidade desses compostos bioativos, principalmente das antocianinas, em condições ambientais, como no armazenamento e processamento, sugere-se a aplicação de técnicas alternativas de processamento. Na avaliação sensorial com crianças (consumidores usuais deste tipo de produto) entre 5 e ? que 10 anos, foi obtido índice de aceitabilidade superior a 70%, indicando que os produtos balas têm um bom potencial para consumo. Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-19T09:02:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Artigo-Efeito-da-retencao-de-compostos-bioativos-e-perfil-sensorial.pdf: 262969 bytes, checksum: 64c511f573ffc5fbdcf2fd0a9a6ff8c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-10T23:25:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoFranzonAPSAprilPROOF216161.pdf: 228963 bytes, checksum: af5c975a5a5b6671bd93a24a5fbe7c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-10

Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-20T00:34:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariadoCarmoapsoct17final1.pdf: 392119 bytes, checksum: e151e9704f05b5c4881d53f8bad5fcd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-19