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1. Scenarios for the energy renovation of a residential building

Author

Malevolti Guglielmo, Rocchetti Andrea, and Socci Luca

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

In this paper, the results of the energy renovation of a residential building, aimed at introducing it into a Renewable Energy Community (CER), are presented. A case study located in Florence (Italy) is discussed. Static and dynamic energy models have been used to evaluate the energy performance of the building, to compare different scenarios based on heat pumps (independent or centralised generator) and to evaluate them under the perspective of EPBD parameters. A comparison has been made concerning energy consumption and CO2 emissions. In its current state, the building presents an energy performance index of 129.8 kWh/(m2year) (class D). The energy refurbishment with heat pump (A4, 24.7 kWh/(m2year)) and VMC system (A4, 39.3 kWh/(m2year)) ensures a strong reduction in CO2 emissions, respectively 5.5 kg/(m2year) and 8.7 kg/(m2year) against 24.4 kg/(m2year) with the current gas fired boiler. The centralized heat pump configuration allows to further reduce the energy consumption. With the same thermal energy requirement, the results show a reduction of 14% of the power needs (without total recovery), thanks to the better sizing of the generator. Furthermore, the centralized heat pump opens a perspective of direct self-consumption of the energy product by the photovoltaic system into a CER configuration. The paper shows that the energy renovation with a heat pump is an effective way to reach the EPBD objectives and decarbonize the residential heating and cooling sector.

Published
2024
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4. First Measurement of $R(X_{\tau/\ell})$ as an Inclusive Test of the $b \to c \tau \nu$ Anomaly

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, M., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liu, M., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Otani, F., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Panta, A., Pardi, S., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Rocchetti, P., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uematsu, Y., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Volpe, R., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y., Zhilich, V., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., and Zhukova, V. I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We measure the tau-to-light-lepton ratio of inclusive $B$-meson branching fractions $R(X_{\tau/\ell}) \equiv \mathcal{B}(B\to X \tau \nu)/\mathcal{B}(B \to X \ell \nu)$, where $\ell$ indicates an electron or muon, and thereby test the universality of charged-current weak interactions. We select events that have one fully reconstructed $B$ meson and a charged lepton candidate from $189~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of electron-positron collision data collected with the Belle II detector. We find $R(X_{\tau/\ell}) = 0.228 \pm 0.016~(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.036~(\mathrm{syst})$, in agreement with standard-model expectations. This is the first direct measurement of $R(X_{\tau/\ell})$.

Published
2023
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7. The beauty and complexity of the small heat shock proteins: a report on the proceedings of the fourth workshop on small heat shock proteins.

Author

Ecroyd, Heath, Bartelt-Kirbach, Britta, Ben-Zvi, Anat, Bonavita, Raffaella, Bushman, Yevheniia, Casarotto, Elena, Cecconi, Ciro, Lau, Wilson, Hibshman, Jonathan, Joosten, Joep, Klevit, Rachel, Liberek, Krzysztof, McMenimen, Kathryn, Miwa, Tsukumi, Mogk, Axel, Montepietra, Daniele, Peters, Carsten, Rocchetti, Maria, Saman, Dominik, Sisto, Angela, Secco, Valentina, Strauch, Annika, Taguchi, Hideki, Tanguay, Morgan, Tedesco, Barbara, Toth, Melinda, Wang, Zihao, Benesch, Justin, Carra, Serena, and Kimonis, Virginia

Subjects
Cellular stress, Molecular chaperones, Protein aggregation, Protein folding, Protein homeostasis, Small heat shock proteins, Heat-Shock Proteins, Small, Proteins
Abstract

The Fourth Cell Stress Society International workshop on small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), a follow-up to successful workshops held in 2014, 2016 and 2018, took place as a virtual meeting on the 17-18 November 2022. The meeting was designed to provide an opportunity for those working on sHSPs to reconnect and discuss their latest work. The diversity of research in the sHSP field is reflected in the breadth of topics covered in the talks presented at this meeting. Here we summarise the presentations at this meeting and provide some perspectives on exciting future topics to be addressed in the field.

Published
2023

8. Adaptive gene loss in the common bean pan-genome during range expansion and domestication

Author

Gaia Cortinovis, Leonardo Vincenzi, Robyn Anderson, Giovanni Marturano, Jacob Ian Marsh, Philipp Emanuel Bayer, Lorenzo Rocchetti, Giulia Frascarelli, Giovanna Lanzavecchia, Alice Pieri, Andrea Benazzo, Elisa Bellucci, Valerio Di Vittori, Laura Nanni, Juan José Ferreira Fernández, Marzia Rossato, Orlando Mario Aguilar, Peter Laurent Morrell, Monica Rodriguez, Tania Gioia, Kerstin Neumann, Juan Camilo Alvarez Diaz, Ariane Gratias, Christophe Klopp, Elena Bitocchi, Valérie Geffroy, Massimo Delledonne, David Edwards, and Roberto Papa

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crucial legume crop and an ideal evolutionary model to study adaptive diversity in wild and domesticated populations. Here, we present a common bean pan-genome based on five high-quality genomes and whole-genome reads representing 339 genotypes. It reveals ~234 Mb of additional sequences containing 6,905 protein-coding genes missing from the reference, constituting 49% of all presence/absence variants (PAVs). More non-synonymous mutations are found in PAVs than core genes, probably reflecting the lower effective population size of PAVs and fitness advantages due to the purging effect of gene loss. Our results suggest pan-genome shrinkage occurred during wild range expansion. Selection signatures provide evidence that partial or complete gene loss was a key adaptive genetic change in common bean populations with major implications for plant adaptation. The pan-genome is a valuable resource for food legume research and breeding for climate change mitigation and sustainable agriculture.

Published
2024
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9. Search for lepton-flavor-violating $\tau^- \to \ell^-\phi$ decays in 2019-2021 Belle II data

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bacher, S., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaulieu, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Graf-Schreiber, M., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Iwata, S., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kakuno, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Kapusta, P., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krohn, J. F., Krokovny, P., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kumita, T., Kunigo, T., Kurz, S., Kuzmin, A., Kvasnička, P., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., La Licata, C., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Laycock, P. J., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, S. C., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Lin, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lozar, A., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., McNeil, J., Meggendorfer, F., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moon, H., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Muller, Th., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Niiyama, M., Ninkovic, J., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M. H. A., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Olsen, S. L., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Oxford, E. R., Ozaki, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Pang, T., Panta, A., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Pathak, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, F., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Popov, V., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Morales, A. Ramirez, Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Robertson, S. H., Rocchetti, P., Pérez, D. Rodríguez, Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sartori, P., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schmitz, J., Schnepf, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shibuya, H., Shillington, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Smith, K., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Soloviev, Y., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stottler, Z. S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Stypula, J., Sue, Y., Sugiura, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tanigawa, H., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Toutounji, N., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Tsuboyama, T., Tsuzuki, N., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uehara, S., Uematsu, Y., Ueno, T., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y. V., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Vorobyev, V., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Waheed, E., Wakai, M., Wakeling, H. M., Wallner, S., Abdullah, W. Wan, Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Welsch, M., Werbycka, O., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Wieduwilt, P., Windel, H., Won, E., Wu, L. J., Xie, Y., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., Zhulanov, V., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a search for lepton-flavor-violating decays $\tau^- \to \ell^- \phi$ ($\ell^- =e^-,\mu^-$) at the Belle II experiment, using a sample of electron-positron data produced at the SuperKEKB collider in 2019-2021 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 190 fb$^{-1}$. We use a new untagged selection for $e^+e^- \to \tau^+\tau^-$ events, where the signal $\tau$ is searched for as a neutrinoless final state of a single charged lepton and a $\phi$ meson and the other $\tau$ is not reconstructed in any specific decay mode, in contrast to previous measurements by the BaBar and Belle experiments. We find no evidence for $\tau^- \to \ell^- \phi$ decays and obtain upper limits on the branching fractions at 90% confidence level of 23 $\times 10^{-8}$ and 9.7$\times 10^{-8}$ for $\tau^- \rightarrow e^-\phi$ and $\tau^- \rightarrow \mu^-\phi$, respectively

Published
2023

10. Observation of ${B\to D^{(*)} K^- K^{0}_S}$ decays using the 2019-2022 Belle II data sample

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bacher, S., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaulieu, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Graf-Schreiber, M., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Iwata, S., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kakuno, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Kapusta, P., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krohn, J. F., Krokovny, P., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kumita, T., Kunigo, T., Kurz, S., Kuzmin, A., Kvasnička, P., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., La Licata, C., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Laycock, P. J., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, S. C., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Lin, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lozar, A., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., McNeil, J., Meggendorfer, F., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moon, H., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Muller, Th., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Niiyama, M., Ninkovic, J., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M. H. A., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Olsen, S. L., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Oxford, E. R., Ozaki, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Pang, T., Panta, A., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Pathak, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, F., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Popov, V., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Morales, A. Ramirez, Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Robertson, S. H., Rocchetti, P., Pérez, D. Rodríguez, Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sartori, P., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schmitz, J., Schnepf, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shibuya, H., Shillington, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Smith, K., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Soloviev, Y., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stottler, Z. S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Stypula, J., Sue, Y., Sugiura, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tanigawa, H., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Toutounji, N., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Tsuboyama, T., Tsuzuki, N., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uehara, S., Uematsu, Y., Ueno, T., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y. V., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Vorobyev, V., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Waheed, E., Wakai, M., Wakeling, H. M., Wallner, S., Abdullah, W. Wan, Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Welsch, M., Werbycka, O., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Wieduwilt, P., Windel, H., Won, E., Wu, L. J., Xie, Y., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., Zhulanov, V., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a measurement of the branching fractions of four $B^{0,-}\to D^{(*)+,0} K^- K^{0}_S$ decay modes. The measurement is based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of ${362~\text{fb}^{-1}}$. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed $B$ meson energy to separate signal and background, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of the invariant mass of the $K^-K_S^0$ system. We find the branching fractions to be: \[ \text{B}(B^-\to D^0K^-K_S^0)=(1.89\pm 0.16\pm 0.10)\times 10^{-4}, \] \[ \text{B}(\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0)=(0.85\pm 0.11\pm 0.05)\times 10^{-4},\] \[ \text{B}(B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0)=(1.57\pm 0.27\pm 0.12)\times 10^{-4}, \] \[ \text{B}(\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0)=(0.96\pm 0.18\pm 0.06)\times 10^{-4},\] where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. These results include the first observation of $\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0$, $B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0$, and $\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of $\text{B}(B^-\to D^0K^-K_S^0)$ compared to previous measurements.

Published
2023

13. Adaptive gene loss in the common bean pan-genome during range expansion and domestication

Author

Cortinovis, Gaia, Vincenzi, Leonardo, Anderson, Robyn, Marturano, Giovanni, Marsh, Jacob Ian, Bayer, Philipp Emanuel, Rocchetti, Lorenzo, Frascarelli, Giulia, Lanzavecchia, Giovanna, Pieri, Alice, Benazzo, Andrea, Bellucci, Elisa, Di Vittori, Valerio, Nanni, Laura, Ferreira Fernández, Juan José, Rossato, Marzia, Aguilar, Orlando Mario, Morrell, Peter Laurent, Rodriguez, Monica, Gioia, Tania, Neumann, Kerstin, Alvarez Diaz, Juan Camilo, Gratias, Ariane, Klopp, Christophe, Bitocchi, Elena, Geffroy, Valérie, Delledonne, Massimo, Edwards, David, and Papa, Roberto

Published
2024
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17. A test of light-lepton universality in the rates of inclusive semileptonic $B$-meson decays at Belle II

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cunliffe, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dhamija, R., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Hara, T., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hohmann, M., Hsu, C. -L., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kaliyar, A. B., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kumar, J., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Moneta, S., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nazaryan, G., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Panta, A., Pardi, S., Park, H., Park, J., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Rocchetti, P., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Scavino, B., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shillington, T., Shiu, J. -G., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Taniguchi, N., Tenchini, F., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Ueda, I., Uematsu, Y., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vossen, A., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Welsch, M., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Ye, H., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Zhai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhilich, V., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of inclusive semileptonic $B$-meson decays, $R(X_{e/\mu}) = \mathcal{B}(B\to X \, e \, \nu) / \mathcal{B}(B\to X \, \mu \, \nu)$, a precision test of electron-muon universality, using data corresponding to $189\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ from electron-positron collisions collected with the Belle II detector. In events where the partner $B$ meson is fully reconstructed, we use fits to the lepton momentum spectra above $1.3\,\mathrm{GeV}/c$ to obtain $R(X_{e/\mu}) = 1.007 \pm 0.009~(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.019~(\mathrm{syst})$, which is the most precise lepton-universality test of its kind and agrees with the standard-model expectation.

Published
2023
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18. Predictors of Readmission in Young Adults with First-Episode Psychosis: A Multicentric Retrospective Study with a 12-Month Follow-Up

Author

Filippo Besana, Serena Chiara Civardi, Filippo Mazzoni, Giovanni Carnevale Miacca, Vincenzo Arienti, Matteo Rocchetti, Pierluigi Politi, Vassilis Martiadis, Natascia Brondino, and Miriam Olivola

Subjects
first-episode psychosis, long-acting antipsychotics, readmission, youth mental health, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: A significant number of young individuals are readmitted one or more times shortly after their first episode of psychosis. Readmission may represent a marker of psychopathological vulnerability. Our primary aim was to evaluate the impact of clinical and socio-demographic variables on readmission at 12-month follow-up. Secondly, our goal was to determine whether the use of Long-Acting Injection (LAI) antipsychotics provides notable benefits compared to oral medications in preventing subsequent readmissions. Subjects and methods: 80 patients hospitalised for the first time with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (ICD-10 criteria) were retrospectively assessed through clinical records. The mean age was 21.7 years. Patients were predominantly male (n = 62, 77.5%), and 55 subjects had at least 8 years of education. 50% of the sample was “NEET” (not in education, employment, or training). Results: 35 patients (43.8%) were discharged with a LAI antipsychotic, while 45 (56.2%) recieved oral antipsychotic therapy. Substance use (p = 0.04) and oral antipsychotics at discharge (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with readmission at 1 year. We did not find any significant predictors of being discharged with LAI therapy. Conclusion: Our findings underlined the importance of identifying patients at risk of readmission in order to prevent future rehospitalization and promote appropriate prevention strategies. LAIs should be considered as a first-choice treatment for patients hospitalised for FEP since they proved to be effective in preventing relapse.

Published
2024
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19. The Triggerless Data Acquisition System of the XENONnT Experiment

Author

Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brookes, E. J., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Chavez, A. P. Cimental, Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Rocchetti, A., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The XENONnT detector uses the latest and largest liquid xenon-based time projection chamber (TPC) operated by the XENON Collaboration, aimed at detecting Weakly Interacting Massive Particles and conducting other rare event searches. The XENONnT data acquisition (DAQ) system constitutes an upgraded and expanded version of the XENON1T DAQ system. For its operation, it relies predominantly on commercially available hardware accompanied by open-source and custom-developed software. The three constituent subsystems of the XENONnT detector, the TPC (main detector), muon veto, and the newly introduced neutron veto, are integrated into a single DAQ, and can be operated both independently and as a unified system. In total, the DAQ digitizes the signals of 698 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), of which 253 from the top PMT array of the TPC are digitized twice, at $\times10$ and $\times0.5$ gain. The DAQ for the most part is a triggerless system, reading out and storing every signal that exceeds the digitization thresholds. Custom-developed software is used to process the acquired data, making it available within $\mathcal{O}\left(10\text{ s}\right)$ for live data quality monitoring and online analyses. The entire system with all the three subsystems was successfully commissioned and has been operating continuously, comfortably withstanding readout rates that exceed $\sim500$ MB/s during calibration. Livetime during normal operation exceeds $99\%$ and is $\sim90\%$ during most high-rate calibrations. The combined DAQ system has collected more than 2 PB of both calibration and science data during the commissioning of XENONnT and the first science run.

Published
2022
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20. Low-energy Calibration of XENON1T with an Internal $^{37}$Ar Source

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., Geppert, C., and Riemer, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A low-energy electronic recoil calibration of XENON1T, a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber, with an internal $^{37}$Ar source was performed. This calibration source features a 35-day half-life and provides two mono-energetic lines at 2.82 keV and 0.27 keV. The photon yield and electron yield at 2.82 keV are measured to be (32.3$\pm$0.3) photons/keV and (40.6$\pm$0.5) electrons/keV, respectively, in agreement with other measurements and with NEST predictions. The electron yield at 0.27 keV is also measured and it is (68.0$^{+6.3}_{-3.7}$) electrons/keV. The $^{37}$Ar calibration confirms that the detector is well-understood in the energy region close to the detection threshold, with the 2.82 keV line reconstructed at (2.83$\pm$0.02) keV, which further validates the model used to interpret the low-energy electronic recoil excess previously reported by XENON1T. The ability to efficiently remove argon with cryogenic distillation after the calibration proves that $^{37}$Ar can be considered as a regular calibration source for multi-tonne xenon detectors.

Published
2022
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21. Effective Field Theory and Inelastic Dark Matter Results from XENON1T

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

In this work, we expand on the XENON1T nuclear recoil searches to study the individual signals of dark matter interactions from operators up to dimension-eight in a Chiral Effective Field Theory (ChEFT) and a model of inelastic dark matter (iDM). We analyze data from two science runs of the XENON1T detector totaling 1\,tonne$\times$year exposure. For these analyses, we extended the region of interest from [4.9, 40.9]$\,$keV$_{\text{NR}}$ to [4.9, 54.4]$\,$keV$_{\text{NR}}$ to enhance our sensitivity for signals that peak at nonzero energies. We show that the data is consistent with the background-only hypothesis, with a small background over-fluctuation observed peaking between 20 and 50$\,$keV$_{\text{NR}}$, resulting in a maximum local discovery significance of 1.7\,$\sigma$ for the Vector$\otimes$Vector$_{\text{strange}}$ ($VV_s$) ChEFT channel for a dark matter particle of 70$\,$GeV/c$^2$, and $1.8\,\sigma$ for an iDM particle of 50$\,$GeV/c$^2$ with a mass splitting of 100$\,$keV/c$^2$. For each model, we report 90\,\% confidence level (CL) upper limits. We also report upper limits on three benchmark models of dark matter interaction using ChEFT where we investigate the effect of isospin-breaking interactions. We observe rate-driven cancellations in regions of the isospin-breaking couplings, leading to up to 6 orders of magnitude weaker upper limits with respect to the isospin-conserving case.

Published
2022

22. An approximate likelihood for nuclear recoil searches with XENON1T data

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The XENON collaboration has published stringent limits on specific dark matter -nucleon recoil spectra from dark matter recoiling on the liquid xenon detector target. In this paper, we present an approximate likelihood for the XENON1T 1 tonne-year nuclear recoil search applicable to any nuclear recoil spectrum. Alongside this paper, we publish data and code to compute upper limits using the method we present. The approximate likelihood is constructed in bins of reconstructed energy, profiled along the signal expectation in each bin. This approach can be used to compute an approximate likelihood and therefore most statistical results for any nuclear recoil spectrum. Computing approximate results with this method is approximately three orders of magnitude faster than the likelihood used in the original publications of XENON1T, where limits were set for specific families of recoil spectra. Using this same method, we include toy Monte Carlo simulation-derived binwise likelihoods for the upcoming XENONnT experiment that can similarly be used to assess the sensitivity to arbitrary nuclear recoil signatures in its eventual 20 tonne-year exposure., Comment: Accepted by European Physical Journal C

Published
2022
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23. Search for New Physics in Electronic Recoil Data from XENONnT

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Gardner, R., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Paschos, P., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Stephen, J., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a blinded analysis of low-energy electronic-recoil data from the first science run of the XENONnT dark matter experiment. Novel subsystems and the increased 5.9 tonne liquid xenon target reduced the background in the (1, 30) keV search region to $(15.8 \pm 1.3)$ events/(tonne$\times$year$\times$keV), the lowest ever achieved in a dark matter detector and $\sim$5 times lower than in XENON1T. With an exposure of 1.16 tonne-years, we observe no excess above background and set stringent new limits on solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. Data points are available in https://zenodo.org/record/7311940

Published
2022
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26. Double-Weak Decays of $^{124}$Xe and $^{136}$Xe in the XENON1T and XENONnT Experiments

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present results on the search for double-electron capture ($2\nu\text{ECEC}$) of $^{124}$Xe and neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{136}$Xe in XENON1T. We consider captures from the K- up to the N-shell in the $2\nu\text{ECEC}$ signal model and measure a total half-life of $T_{1/2}^{2\nu\text{ECEC}}=(1.1\pm0.2_\text{stat}\pm0.1_\text{sys})\times 10^{22}\;\text{yr}$ with a $0.87\;\text{kg}\times\text{yr}$ isotope exposure. The statistical significance of the signal is $7.0\,\sigma$. We use XENON1T data with $36.16\;\text{kg}\times\text{yr}$ of $^{136}$Xe exposure to search for $0\nu\beta\beta$. We find no evidence of a signal and set a lower limit on the half-life of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu\beta\beta} > 1.2 \times 10^{24}\;\text{yr}\; \text{at}\; 90\,\%\;\text{CL}$. This is the best result from a dark matter detector without an enriched target to date. We also report projections on the sensitivity of XENONnT to $0\nu\beta\beta$. Assuming a $275\;\text{kg}\times\text{yr}$ $^{136}$Xe exposure, the expected sensitivity is $T_{1/2}^{0\nu\beta\beta} > 2.1 \times 10^{25}\;\text{yr}\; \text{at}\; 90\,\%\;\text{CL}$, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass range of $\langle m_{\beta\beta} \rangle < (0.19 - 0.59)\;\text{eV/c}^2$., Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures, 9 tables, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C

Published
2022
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30. REPTILE: A Proactive Real-Time Deep Reinforcement Learning Self-adaptive Framework

Author

Corradini, Flavio, Loreti, Miichele, Piangerelli, Marco, and Rocchetti, Giacomo

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

In this work a general framework is proposed to support the development of software systems that are able to adapt their behaviour according to the operating environment changes. The proposed approach, named REPTILE, works in a complete proactive manner and relies on Deep Reinforcement Learning-based agents to react to events, referred as novelties, that can affect the expected behaviour of the system. In our framework, two types of novelties are taken into account: those related to the context/environment and those related to the physical architecture itself. The framework, predicting those novelties before their occurrence, extracts time-changing models of the environment and uses a suitable Markov Decision Process to deal with the real-time setting. Moreover, the architecture of our RL agent evolves based on the possible actions that can be taken.

Published
2022

31. A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

Author

Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Aerne, V., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Akerib, D. S., Akimov, D. Yu., Akshat, J., Musalhi, A. K. Al, Alder, F., Alsum, S. K., Althueser, L., Amarasinghe, C. S., Amaro, F. D., Ames, A., Anderson, T. J., Andrieu, B., Angelides, N., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arneodo, F., Arthurs, M., Asadi, P., Baek, S., Bai, X., Bajpai, D., Baker, A., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Balzer, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bang, J., Barberio, E., Bargemann, J. W., Baudis, L., Bauer, D., Baur, D., Baxter, A., Baxter, A. L., Bazyk, M., Beattie, K., Behrens, J., Bell, N. F., Bellagamba, L., Beltrame, P., Benabderrahmane, M., Bernard, E. P., Bertone, G. F., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Binau, A. R., Biondi, R., Biondi, Y., Birch, H. J., Bishara, F., Bismark, A., Blanco, C., Blockinger, G. M., Bodnia, E., Boehm, C., Bolozdynya, A. I., Bolton, P. D., Bottaro, S., Bourgeois, C., Boxer, B., Brás, P., Breskin, A., Breur, P. A., Brew, C. A. J., Brod, J., Brookes, E., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Burdin, S., Buse, S., Busenitz, J. K., Buttazzo, D., Buuck, M., Buzulutskov, A., Cabrita, R., Cai, C., Cai, D., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Catena, R., Chakraborty, S., Chan, C., Chang, S., Chauvin, A., Chawla, A., Chen, H., Chepel, V., Chott, N. I., Cichon, D., Chavez, A. Cimental, Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Co, R. T., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Converse, M. V., Costa, M., Cottle, A., Cox, G., Creaner, O., Garcia, J. J. Cuenca, Cussonneau, J. P., Cutter, J. E., Dahl, C. E., D'Andrea, V., David, A., Decowski, M. P., Dent, J. B., Deppisch, F. F., de Viveiros, L., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Di Pede, S., Dierle, J., Diglio, S., Dobson, J. E. Y., Doerenkamp, M., Douillet, D., Drexlin, G., Druszkiewicz, E., Dunsky, D., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Emken, T., Engel, R., Eriksen, S. R., Fairbairn, M., Fan, A., Fan, J. J., Farrell, S. J., Fayer, S., Fearon, N. M., Ferella, A., Ferrari, C., Fieguth, A., Fiorucci, S., Fischer, H., Flaecher, H., Flierman, M., Florek, T., Foot, R., Fox, P. J., Franceschini, R., Fraser, E. D., Frenk, C. S., Frohlich, S., Fruth, T., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Gaitskell, R. J., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garcia, I. Garcia, Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Ghosh, S., Gibson, E., Gil, W., Giovagnoli, D., Girard, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Glück, F., Gokhale, S., de Gouvêa, A., Gráf, L., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Grinstein, B., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Grössle, R., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gumbsheimer, R., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hall, L. J., Hammann, R., Han, K., Hannen, V., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harata, R., Hardin, S. P., Hardy, E., Hardy, C. A., Harigaya, K., Harnik, R., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hernandez, M., Hertel, S. A., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hochrein, S., Hoetzsch, L., Hoferichter, M., Hood, N., Hooper, D., Horn, M., Howlett, J., Huang, D. Q., Huang, Y., Hunt, D., Iacovacci, M., Iaquaniello, G., Ide, R., Ignarra, C. M., Iloglu, G., Itow, Y., Jacquet, E., Jahangir, O., Jakob, J., James, R. S., Jansen, A., Ji, W., Ji, X., Joerg, F., Johnson, J., Joy, A., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A. C., Kanezaki, K., Kar, K., Kara, M., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Keaveney, A. W., Kellerer, J., Khaitan, D., Khazov, A., Khundzakishvili, G., Khurana, I., Kilminster, B., Kleifges, M., Ko, P., Kobayashi, M., Kodroff, D., Koltmann, G., Kopec, A., Kopmann, A., Kopp, J., Korley, L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korolkova, E. V., Kraus, H., Krauss, L. M., Kravitz, S., Kreczko, L., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuger, F., Kumar, J., Paredes, B. López, LaCascio, L., Laine, Q., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Leason, E. A., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Lesko, K. T., Levinson, L., Levy, C., Li, I., Li, S. C., Li, T., Liang, S., Liebenthal, C. S., Lin, J., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, X., Liu, K., Liu, J., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, M. I., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lorenzon, W., Lu, C., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Machado, P. A. N., Macolino, C., Maeda, T., Mahlstedt, J., Majewski, P. A., Manalaysay, A., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., March-Russell, J., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Martin, R., Martinez-Soler, I., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Mastronardi, M., Matias-Lopes, J. A., McCarthy, M. E., McFadden, N., McGinness, E., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., McMichael, K., Meinhardt, P., Menéndez, J., Meng, Y., Messina, M., Midha, R., Milisavljevic, D., Miller, E. H., Milosevic, B., Milutinovic, S., Mitra, S. A., Miuchi, K., Mizrachi, E., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Monte, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Monzani, M. E., Moore, J. S., Morå, K., Morad, J. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Moriyama, S., Morrison, E., Morteau, E., Mosbacher, Y., Mount, B. J., Mueller, J., Murphy, A. St. J., Murra, M., Naim, D., Nakamura, S., Nash, E., Navaieelavasani, N., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Newstead, J. L., Ni, K., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Niro, V., Oberlack, U. G., Obradovic, M., Odgers, K., O'Hare, C. A. J., Oikonomou, P., Olcina, I., Oliver-Mallory, K., Oranday, A., Orpwood, J., Ostrovskiy, I., Ozaki, K., Paetsch, B., Pal, S., Palacio, J., Palladino, K. J., Palmer, J., Panci, P., Pandurovic, M., Parlati, A., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pěč, V., Pellegrini, Q., Penning, B., Pereira, G., Peres, R., Perez-Gonzalez, Y., Perry, E., Pershing, T., Petrossian-Byrne, R., Pienaar, J., Piepke, A., Pieramico, G., Pierre, M., Piotter, M., Pizella, V., Plante, G., Pollmann, T., Porzio, D., Qi, J., Qie, Y., Qin, J., Raj, N., Silva, M. Rajado, Ramanathan, K., García, D. Ramírez, Ravanis, J., Redard-Jacot, L., Redigolo, D., Reichard, S., Reichenbacher, J., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rocchetti, A., Rosenfeld, S. L., Rosero, R., Rupp, N., Rushton, T., Saha, S., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santone, D., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Scheibelhut, M., Schnee, R. W., Schrank, M., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Schulte, D., Eissing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Schwemberger, T., Schwenk, A., Schwetz, T., Lavina, L. Scotto, Scovell, P. R., Sekiya, H., Selvi, M., Semenov, E., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shaw, S., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Shutt, T. A., Si-Ahmed, R., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Silva, M. C., Simgen, H., Šimkovic, F., Sinev, G., Singh, R., Skulski, W., Smirnov, J., Smith, R., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Soria, J., Sparmann, T. J., Stancu, I., Steidl, M., Stevens, A., Stifter, K., Strigari, L. E., Subotic, D., Suerfu, B., Suliga, A. M., Sumner, T. J., Szabo, P., Szydagis, M., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tan, P. -L., Taricco, C., Taylor, W. C., Temples, D. J., Terliuk, A., Terman, P. A., Thers, D., Thieme, K., Thümmler, Th., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Toennies, F., Tong, Z., Toschi, F., Tovey, D. R., Tranter, J., Trask, M., Trinchero, G. C., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Trotta, R., Tsai, Y. D., Tunnell, C. D., Turner, W. G., Ueno, R., Urquijo, P., Utku, U., Vaitkus, A., Valerius, K., Vassilev, E., Vecchi, S., Velan, V., Vetter, S., Vincent, A. C., Vittorio, L., Volta, G., von Krosigk, B., von Piechowski, M., Vorkapic, D., Wagner, C. E. M., Wang, A. M., Wang, B., Wang, Y., Wang, W., Wang, J. J., Wang, L. -T., Wang, M., Watson, J. R., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weisman, E., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., West, S. M., Whitis, T. J., Williams, M., Wilson, M. J., Winkler, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Wolf, T., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodford, S., Woodward, D., Wright, C. J., Wu, V. H. S., Wu, P., Wüstling, S., Wurm, M., Xia, Q., Xiang, X., Xing, Y., Xu, J., Xu, Z., Xu, D., Yamashita, M., Yamazaki, R., Yan, H., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Young, I., Yu, H. B., Yu, T. T., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhou, N., Zhou, X., Zhu, T., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, Y., Zopounidis, J. P., Zuber, K., and Zupan, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector., Comment: 77 pages, 40 figures, 1262 references

Published
2022
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33. Diagnostic role of internal mammary lymph node involvement in tuberculous pleurisy: a multicenter study

Author

Levi, G., Rocchetti, C., Mei, F., Stella, G.M., Lettieri, S., Lococo, F., Taccari, F., Seguiti, C., Fantoni, M., Natali, F., Candoli, P., Bortolotto, C., Pinelli, V., Mondoni, M., Carlucci, P., Fabbri, A., Trezzi, M, Vannucchi, L., Bonifazi, M., Porcarelli, F., Gasparini, S., Sica, G., Valente, T., Biondini, D., Damin, M., Liani, V., Tamburrini, M., Sorino, C., Mezzasalma, F., Scaramozzino, M.U., Pini, L., Bezzi, M., and Marchetti, G.P.

Published
2024
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35. The epidemiology and management of odontomas: a European multicenter study

Author

Boffano, Paolo, Cavarra, Francesco, Brucoli, Matteo, Ruslin, Muhammad, Forouzanfar, Tymour, Ridwan-Pramana, Angela, Rodríguez-Santamarta, Tanía, de Vicente, Juan Carlos, Starch-Jensen, Thomas, Pechalova, Petia, Pavlov, Nikolai, Doykova, Iva, Konstantinovic, Vitomir S., Jezdić, Zoran, Barrabé, Aude, Louvrier, Aurélien, Meyer, Christophe, Snäll, Johanna, Hagström, Jaana, Dovšak, Tadej, Birk, Anže, and Rocchetti, Vincenzo

Published
2023
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36. Application and modeling of an online distillation method to reduce krypton and argon in XENON1T

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Bernard, A., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Form, S., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Huhmann, C., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Westermann, J., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., and Zopounidis, J. P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A novel online distillation technique was developed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment to reduce intrinsic background components more volatile than xenon, such as krypton or argon, while the detector was operating. The method is based on a continuous purification of the gaseous volume of the detector system using the XENON1T cryogenic distillation column. A krypton-in-xenon concentration of $(360 \pm 60)$ ppq was achieved. It is the lowest concentration measured in the fiducial volume of an operating dark matter detector to date. A model was developed and fit to the data to describe the krypton evolution in the liquid and gas volumes of the detector system for several operation modes over the time span of 550 days, including the commissioning and science runs of XENON1T. The online distillation was also successfully applied to remove Ar-37 after its injection for a low energy calibration in XENON1T. This makes the usage of Ar-37 as a regular calibration source possible in the future. The online distillation can be applied to next-generation experiments to remove krypton prior to, or during, any science run. The model developed here allows further optimization of the distillation strategy for future large scale detectors.

Published
2021
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37. Emission of Single and Few Electrons in XENON1T and Limits on Light Dark Matter

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Bernard, A., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shenyang, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., and Zopounidis, J. P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Delayed single- and few-electron emissions plague dual-phase time projection chambers, limiting their potential to search for light-mass dark matter. This paper examines the origins of these events in the XENON1T experiment. Characterization of the intensity of delayed electron backgrounds shows that the resulting emissions are correlated, in time and position, with high-energy events and can effectively be vetoed. In this work we extend previous S2-only analyses down to a single electron. From this analysis, after removing the correlated backgrounds, we observe rates < 30 events/(electron*kg*day) in the region of interest spanning 1 to 5 electrons. We derive 90% confidence upper limits for dark matter-electron scattering, first direct limits on the electric dipole, magnetic dipole, and anapole interactions, and bosonic dark matter models, where we exclude new parameter space for dark photons and solar dark photons., Comment: 20 pages, 17 figures, Updated to correct published Solar Dark Photon limit

Published
2021
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38. Material radiopurity control in the XENONnT experiment

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Westermann, J., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Laubenstein, M., and Nisi, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and $^{222}$Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background ($\sim$17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected $^{222}$Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2$\,(^{+0.5}_{-0.7})\,\mu$Bq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system.

Published
2021
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39. Psychobiotic Properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author

Mariagiovanna Di Chiano, Fabio Sallustio, Daniela Fiocco, Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Giuseppe Spano, Paola Pontrelli, Antonio Moschetta, Loreto Gesualdo, Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, and Anna Gallone

Subjects
microbiota, microbiome, neurological disorders, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, gut–brain axis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders are the main cause of cognitive and physical disabilities, affect millions of people worldwide, and their incidence is on the rise. Emerging evidence pinpoints a disturbance of the communication of the gut–brain axis, and in particular to gut microbial dysbiosis, as one of the contributors to the pathogenesis of these diseases. In fact, dysbiosis has been associated with neuro-inflammatory processes, hyperactivation of the neuronal immune system, impaired cognitive functions, aging, depression, sleeping disorders, and anxiety. With the rapid advance in metagenomics, metabolomics, and big data analysis, together with a multidisciplinary approach, a new horizon has just emerged in the fields of translational neurodegenerative disease. In fact, recent studies focusing on taxonomic profiling and leaky gut in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders are not only shedding light on an overlooked field but are also creating opportunities for biomarker discovery and development of new therapeutic and adjuvant strategies to treat these disorders. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LBP) strains are emerging as promising psychobiotics for the treatment of these diseases. In fact, LBP strains are able to promote eubiosis, increase the enrichment of bacteria producing beneficial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, boost the production of neurotransmitters, and support the homeostasis of the gut–brain axis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders with a particular focus on the benefits of LBP strains in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism, anxiety, and depression.

Published
2024
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40. Phytochemical Characterization of Two New Olive Oil Genotypes Growing in Southern Tunisia

Author

Mbarka Ben Mohamed, Sihem Ben Ali, Gabriele Rocchetti, Samir Tlahig, Leila Bennani, and Ferdaous Guasmi

Subjects
Olea europaea L., genotypes, olive oil, quality, phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

This research can be considered as the first complete survey for the valorization of new olive genotypes cultivated in the South-East of Tunisia as well as their oils. The study aimed to characterize the phytochemical composition of virgin olive oil produced from two olive cultivars, namely Nourgou and Gousalani. The pomological characterization of fruits, the quality criteria and the phytochemical profile were quantified. Additionally, antioxidant activity was evaluated using Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) tests to also obtain a bioactive characterization of these monovarietal olive oils. The obtained results revealed that the analyzed olive oils samples can be classified into Extra Virgin category (EVOO) according to the regulated physicochemical characteristics. Our findings showed a significant variability in the chemical parameters of the analyzed EVOO likely associated with the genetic potential, mainly for chlorophylls contents (1.37–1.64 mg/kg), in carotenoids pigments (3.97–10.86 mg/kg), in α-tocopherol (175.59–186.87 mg/kg), in sterols (1036.4–1931.4 mg/kg) in oleic acid (65.33–68.73%), in palmitic acid (C16:0) (13.32–17.48%), in linoleic acid (C18:2) (11.06–13.47%). Additionally, the HPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that the two EVOOs analyzed contained appreciable amounts of total polyphenols, ranging from 348.03 up to 516.16 mg/kg, in Nourgou and Gousalani oils, respectively. Regarding the individual phenolic compounds, the EVOO samples were mainly characterized by phenolic alcohols, phenolic acids, secoiridoids, verbascoside, flavonoids and phenolic aldehydes. The prevalent simple phenolics detected were secoiridoids with the dominance of the oleuropein aglycone in Gousalani oil. In addition, findings from in vitro antioxidant assays (FRAP and ORAC) revealed that the two studied oils possessed a powerful antiradical activity and a good reducing power capacity. In conclusion, these new EVOOs exhibited a superior quality compared to other Tunisian varieties, considering their antiradical activity and reducing power capacity.

Published
2024
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50. The Italian registry for patients with Prader–Willi syndrome

Author

Salvatore, Marco, Torreri, Paola, Grugni, Graziano, Rocchetti, Adele, Maghnie, Mohamad, Patti, Giuseppa, Crinò, Antonino, Elia, Maurizio, Greco, Donatella, Romano, Corrado, Franzese, Adriana, Mozzillo, Enza, Colao, Annamaria, Pugliese, Gabriella, Pagotto, Uberto, Lo Preiato, Valentina, Scarano, Emanuela, Schiavariello, Concetta, Tornese, Gianluca, Fintini, Danilo, Bocchini, Sarah, Osimani, Sara, De Sanctis, Luisa, Sacco, Michele, Rutigliano, Irene, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Faienza, Maria Felicia, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, Corica, Domenico, Stagi, Stefano, Guazzarotti, Laura, Maffei, Pietro, Dassie, Francesca, and Taruscio, Domenica

Published
2023
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