86 results on '"Ritari, J"'
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2. New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
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Bellenguez, C., Küçükali, F., Jansen, I. E., Kleineidam, L., Moreno-Grau, S., Amin, N., Naj, A. C., Campos-Martin, R., Grenier-Boley, B., Andrade, V., Holmans, P. A., Boland, A., Damotte, V., van der Lee, S. J., Costa, M. R., Kuulasmaa, T., Yang, Q., de Rojas, I., Bis, J. C., Yaqub, A., Prokic, I., Chapuis, J., Ahmad, S., Giedraitis, V., Aarsland, D., Garcia-Gonzalez, P., Abdelnour, C., Alarcón-Martín, E., Alcolea, D., Alegret, M., Alvarez, I., Álvarez, V., Armstrong, N. J., Tsolaki, A., Antúnez, C., Appollonio, I., Arcaro, M., Archetti, S., Pastor, A. A., Arosio, B., Athanasiu, L., Bailly, H., Banaj, N., Baquero, M., Barral, S., Beiser, A., Pastor, A. B., Below, J. E., Benchek, P., Benussi, L., Berr, C., Besse, C., Bessi, V., Binetti, G., Bizarro, A., Blesa, R., Boada, M., Boerwinkle, E., Borroni, B., Boschi, S., Bossù, P., Bråthen, G., Bressler, J., Bresner, C., Brodaty, H., Brookes, K. J., Brusco, L. I., Buiza-Rueda, D., Bûrger, K., Burholt, V., Bush, W. S., Calero, M., Cantwell, L. B., Chene, G., Chung, J., Cuccaro, M. L., Carracedo, Á., Cecchetti, R., Cervera-Carles, L., Charbonnier, C., Chen, H. -H., Chillotti, C., Ciccone, S., Claassen, J. A. H. R., Clark, C., Conti, E., Corma-Gómez, A., Costantini, E., Custodero, C., Daian, D., Dalmasso, M. C., Daniele, A., Dardiotis, E., Dartigues, J. -F., de Deyn, P. P., de Paiva Lopes, K., de Witte, L. D., Debette, S., Deckert, J., del Ser, T., Denning, N., Destefano, A., Dichgans, M., Diehl-Schmid, J., Diez-Fairen, M., Rossi, P. D., Djurovic, S., Duron, E., Düzel, E., Dufouil, C., Eiriksdottir, G., Engelborghs, S., Escott-Price, V., Espinosa, A., Ewers, M., Faber, K. M., Fabrizio, T., Nielsen, S. F., Fardo, D. W., Farotti, L., Fenoglio, C., Fernández-Fuertes, M., Ferrari, R., Ferreira, C. B., Ferri, E., Fin, B., Fischer, P., Fladby, T., Fließbach, K., Fongang, B., Fornage, M., Fortea, J., Foroud, T. M., Fostinelli, S., Fox, N. C., Franco-Macías, E., Bullido, M. J., Frank-García, A., Froelich, L., Fulton-Howard, B., Galimberti, D., García-Alberca, J. M., García-González, P., Garcia-Madrona, S., Garcia-Ribas, G., Ghidoni, R., Giegling, I., Giorgio, G., Goate, A. M., Goldhardt, O., Gomez-Fonseca, D., González-Pérez, A., Graff, C., Grande, G., Green, E., Grimmer, T., Grünblatt, E., Grunin, M., Gudnason, V., Guetta-Baranes, T., Haapasalo, A., Hadjigeorgiou, G., Haines, J. L., Hamilton-Nelson, K. L., Hampel, H., Hanon, O., Hardy, J., Hartmann, A. M., Hausner, L., Harwood, J., Heilmann-Heimbach, S., Helisalmi, S., Heneka, M. T., Hernández, I., Herrmann, M. J., Hoffmann, P., Holmes, C., Holstege, H., Vilas, R. H., Hulsman, M., Humphrey, J., Biessels, G. J., Jian, X., Johansson, C., Jun, G. R., Kastumata, Y., Kauwe, J., Kehoe, P. G., Kilander, L., Ståhlbom, A. K., Kivipelto, M., Koivisto, A., Kornhuber, J., Kosmidis, M. H., Kukull, W. A., Kuksa, P. P., Kunkle, B. W., Kuzma, A. B., Lage, C., Laukka, E. J., Launer, L., Lauria, A., Lee, C. -Y., Lehtisalo, J., Lerch, O., Lleó, A., Longstreth, W., Lopez, O., de Munain, A. L., Love, S., Löwemark, M., Luckcuck, L., Lunetta, K. L., Ma, Y., Macías, J., Macleod, C. A., Maier, W., Mangialasche, F., Spallazzi, M., Marquié, M., Marshall, R., Martin, E. R., Montes, A. M., Rodríguez, C. M., Masullo, C., Mayeux, R., Mead, S., Mecocci, P., Medina, M., Meggy, A., Mehrabian, S., Mendoza, S., Menéndez-González, M., Mir, P., Moebus, S., Mol, M., Molina-Porcel, L., Montrreal, L., Morelli, L., Moreno, F., Morgan, K., Mosley, T., Nöthen, M. M., Muchnik, C., Mukherjee, S., Nacmias, B., Ngandu, T., Nicolas, G., Nordestgaard, B. G., Olaso, R., Orellana, A., Orsini, M., Ortega, G., Padovani, A., Paolo, C., Papenberg, G., Parnetti, L., Pasquier, F., Pastor, P., Peloso, G., Pérez-Cordón, A., Pérez-Tur, J., Pericard, P., Peters, O., Pijnenburg, Y. A. L., Pineda, J. A., Piñol-Ripoll, G., Pisanu, C., Polak, T., Popp, J., Posthuma, D., Priller, J., Puerta, R., Quenez, O., Quintela, I., Thomassen, J. Q., Rábano, A., Rainero, I., Rajabli, F., Ramakers, I., Real, L. M., Reinders, M. J. T., Reitz, C., Reyes-Dumeyer, D., Ridge, P., Riedel-Heller, S., Riederer, P., Roberto, N., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E., Rongve, A., Allende, I. R., Rosende-Roca, M., Royo, J. L., Rubino, E., Rujescu, D., Sáez, M. E., Sakka, P., Saltvedt, I., Sanabria, Á., Sánchez-Arjona, M. B., Sanchez-Garcia, F., Juan, P. S., Sánchez-Valle, R., Sando, S. B., Sarnowski, C., Satizabal, C. L., Scamosci, M., Scarmeas, N., Scarpini, E., Scheltens, P., Scherbaum, N., Scherer, M., Schmid, M., Schneider, A., Schott, J. M., Selbæk, G., Seripa, D., Serrano, M., Sha, J., Shadrin, A. A., Skrobot, O., Slifer, S., Snijders, G. J. L., Soininen, H., Solfrizzi, V., Solomon, A., Song, Y. E., Sorbi, S., Sotolongo-Grau, O., Spalletta, G., Spottke, A., Squassina, A., Stordal, E., Tartan, J. P., Tárraga, L., Tesí, N., Thalamuthu, A., Thomas, T., Tosto, G., Traykov, L., Tremolizzo, L., Tybjærg-Hansen, A., Uitterlinden, A., Ullgren, A., Ulstein, I., Valero, S., Valladares, O., Broeckhoven, C. V., Vance, J., Vardarajan, B. N., van der Lugt, A., Dongen, J. V., van Rooij, J., van Swieten, J., Vandenberghe, R., Verhey, F., Vidal, J. -S., Vogelgsang, J., Vyhnalek, M., Wagner, M., Wallon, D., Wang, L. -S., Wang, R., Weinhold, L., Wiltfang, J., Windle, G., Woods, B., Yannakoulia, M., Zare, H., Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., Zhu, C., Zulaica, M., Laczo, J., Matoska, V., Serpente, M., Assogna, F., Piras, F., Ciullo, V., Shofany, J., Ferrarese, C., Andreoni, S., Sala, G., Zoia, C. P., Zompo, M. D., Benussi, A., Bastiani, P., Takalo, M., Natunen, T., Laatikainen, T., Tuomilehto, J., Antikainen, R., Strandberg, T., Lindström, J., Peltonen, M., Abraham, R., Al-Chalabi, A., Bass, N. J., Brayne, C., Brown, K. 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Uitterlinden, A, Ullgren, A, Ulstein, I, Valero, S, Valladares, O, Broeckhoven, C, Vance, J, Vardarajan, B, van der Lugt, A, Dongen, J, van Rooij, J, van Swieten, J, Vandenberghe, R, Verhey, F, Vidal, J, Vogelgsang, J, Vyhnalek, M, Wagner, M, Wallon, D, Wang, L, Wang, R, Weinhold, L, Wiltfang, J, Windle, G, Woods, B, Yannakoulia, M, Zare, H, Zhao, Y, Zhang, X, Zhu, C, Zulaica, M, Andreoni, S, Ferrarese, C, Sala, G, Zoia, C, Farrer, L, Psaty, B, Ghanbari, M, Raj, T, Sachdev, P, Mather, K, Jessen, F, Ikram, M, de Mendonça, A, Hort, J, Tsolaki, M, Pericak-Vance, M, Amouyel, P, Williams, J, Frikke-Schmidt, R, Clarimon, J, Deleuze, J, Rossi, G, Seshadri, S, Andreassen, O, Ingelsson, M, Hiltunen, M, Sleegers, K, Schellenberg, G, van Duijn, C, Sims, R, van der Flier, W, Ruiz, A, Ramirez, A, Lambert, J, VU University medical center, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, Neurology, Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, 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Spec Psychiatrie (9), UAM. Departamento de Biología Molecular, University of Helsinki, Department of Neurosciences, HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Timo Strandberg / Principal Investigator, Department of Medicine, Clinicum, HUS Neurocenter, Neurologian yksikkö, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, HUS Abdominal Center, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (France), European Commission, LabEx DISTALZ, Pérez-Tur, Jordi, University Children’s Hospital Basel (Suiza), INSERM (Francia), Lille Métropole Communauté Urbaine, Government of France (Francia), EADB, GR@ACE, DEGESCO, EADI, GERAD, Demgene, FinnGen, ADGC, CHARGE, Holmans, Peter A. [0000-0003-0870-9412], van der Lee, Sven J. [0000-0003-1606-8643], Costa, Marcos R. [0000-0002-4928-2163], Bis, Joshua C. [0000-0002-3409-1110], Brookes, Keeley J. [0000-0003-2427-2513], Bush, William S. [0000-0002-9729-6519], de Witte, Lot D. [0000-0002-7235-9958], del Ser, Teodoro [0000-0001-9806-7083], Fox, Nick C. [0000-0002-6660-657X], Bullido, María J. [0000-0002-6477-1117], Goate, Alison M. [0000-0002-0576-2472], Herrmann, Martin J. [0000-0001-9970-2122], Jun, Gyungah R. [0000-0002-3230-8697], Kehoe, Patrick G. [0000-0002-7542-1139], Kosmidis, Mary H. [0000-0001-8790-1220], Lunetta, Kathryn L. [0000-0002-9268-810X], MacLeod, Catherine A. [0000-0002-9314-7380], Nöthen, Markus M. [0000-0002-8770-2464], Nordestgaard, Børge G. [0000-0002-1954-7220], Pineda, Juan A. [0000-0002-3751-0296], Real, Luis M. [0000-0003-4932-7429], Reinders, Marcel J. T. [0000-0002-1148-1562], Satizabal, Claudia L. [0000-0002-1115-4430], Schott, Jonathan M. [0000-0003-2059-024X], Shadrin, Alexey A. [0000-0002-7467-250X], Farrer, Lindsay A. [0000-0001-5533-4225], Psaty, Bruce M. [0000-0002-7278-2190], Ikram, M. Arfan [0000-0003-0372-8585], Pericak-Vance, Margaret A. [0000-0001-7283-8804], Andreassen, Ole A. [0000-0002-4461-3568], van Duijn, Cornelia M. [0000-0002-2374-9204], van der Flier, Wiesje M. [0000-0001-8766-6224], and Molecular Neuroscience and Ageing Research (MOLAR)
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tau Proteins/genetics ,Alzheimer`s disease Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 1] ,Neurologi ,MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA ,45/43 ,Medizin ,Stress-related disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 13] ,genetics [Alzheimer Disease] ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,tau Proteins ,Alzheimer Disease ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,VARIANTS ,pathology [Alzheimer Disease] ,Tau Proteins ,Settore BIO/13 - Biologia Applicata ,Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology ,692/699/375/365/1283 ,IMPUTATION ,article ,1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology ,Biología y Biomedicina / Biología ,AMYLOID-BETA ,Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA ,Neurology ,psychology [Cognitive Dysfunction] ,Medical Genetics ,Human ,Neuroscience(all) ,631/208/205/2138 ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,ddc:570 ,Genetics ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ,METAANALYSIS ,Medicinsk genetik ,MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA ,Alzheimer Disease/genetics ,neurology ,tau Protein ,NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA ,RISK LOCI ,genetics [tau Proteins] ,PREDICTION MODELS ,Human medicine ,GENERATION ,RESPONSES - Abstract
25 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas, Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele., This work was funded by a grant (EADB) from the EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research. INSERM UMR1167 is also funded by the INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille Métropole Communauté Urbaine and French government’s LABEX DISTALZ program (development of innovative strategies for a transdisciplinary approach to AD). Full consortium acknowledgements and funding are in the Supplementary Not
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- 2022
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3. Chromosome Xq23 is associated with lower atherogenic lipid concentrations and favorable cardiometabolic indices
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Natarajan, P. (Pradeep), Pampana, A. (Akhil), Graham, S. E. (Sarah E.), Ruotsalainen, S. E. (Sanni E.), Perry, J. A. (James A.), de Vries, P. S. (Paul S.), Broome, J. G. (Jai G.), Pirruccello, J. P. (James P.), Honigbere, M. C. (Michael C.), Aragam, K. (Krishna), Wolford, B. (Brooke), Brody, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Antonacci-Fulton, L. (Lucinda), Arden, M. (Moscati), Aslibekyan, S. (Stella), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Ballantyne, C. M. (Christie M.), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Bisl, J. C. (Joshua C.), Cade, B. E. (Brian E.), Do, R. (Ron), Doddapaneni, H. (Harsha), Emery, L. S. (Leslie S.), Hung, Y.-J. (Yi-Jen), Irvin, M. R. (Marguerite R.), Khan, A. T. (Alyna T.), Lange, L. (Leslie), Lee, J. (Jiwon), Lemaitre, R. N. (Rozenn N.), Martin, L. W. (Lisa W.), Metcalf, G. (Ginger), Montasser, M. E. (May E.), Moon, J.-Y. (Jee-Young), Muzny, D. (Donna), Connell, J. R. (Jeffrey R. O.), Palmer, N. D. (Nicholette D.), Peralta, J. M. (Juan M.), Peyser, P. A. (Patricia A.), Stilp, A. M. (Adrienne M.), Tsai, M. (Michael), Wang, F. F. (Fei Fei), Weeks, D. E. (Daniel E.), Yanek, L. R. (Lisa R.), Wilson, J. G. (James G.), Abecasis, G. (Goncalo), Arnett, D. K. (Donna K.), Becker, L. C. (Lewis C.), Blangercy, J. (John), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Bowden, D. W. (Donald W.), Chang, Y.-C. (Yi-Cheng), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der, I), Choi, W. J. (Won Jung), Correa, A. (Adolfo), Curran, J. E. (Joanne E.), Daly, M. J. (Mark J.), DutcherE, S. K. (Susan K.), Ellinor, P. T. (Patrick T.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Freedman, B. I. (Barry, I), Gabriel, S. (Stacey), Germer, S. (Soren), Gibbs, R. A. (Richard A.), He, J. (Jiang), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Jarvik, G. P. (Gail P.), Kaplan, R. C. (Robert C.), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Kennyn, E. (Eimear), Kim, R. W. (Ryan W.), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Laurie, C. C. (Cathy C.), Lee, S. (Seonwook), Lloyd-Jones, D. M. (Don M.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Lubitz, S. A. (Steven A.), Mathias, R. A. (Rasika A.), Martinez, K. A. (Karine A. Viaud), McGarvey, S. T. 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(Ferdouse), Beitelshees, A. (Amber), Benjamin, E. (Emelia), Bezerra, M. (Marcos), Bielak, L. (Larry), Blackwel, T. (Thomas), Bowler, R. (Russell), Broecke, U. (Ulrich), Bunting, K. (Karen), Burchard, E. (Esteban), Buth, E. (Erin), Cardwel, J. (Jonathan), Carty, C. (Cara), Casaburi, R. (Richard), Casella, J. (James), Chaffin, M. (Mark), Chang, C. (Christy), Chasman, D. (Daniel), Chavan, S. (Sameer), Chen, B.-J. (Bo-Juen), Chen, W.-M. (Wei-Min), Chol, M. (Michael), Choi, S. H. (Seung Hoan), Chuang, L.-M. (Lee-Ming), Chung, M. (Mina), Conomos, M. P. (Matthew P.), Cornell, E. (Elaine), Crapo, J. (James), Curtis, J. (Jeffrey), Custer, B. (Brian), Damcott, C. (Coleen), Darbar, D. (Dawood), Das, S. (Sayantan), David, S. (Sean), Davis, C. (Colleen), Daya, M. (Michelle), de Andrade, M. (Mariza), DeBaunuo, M. (Michael), Duan, Q. (Qing), Devine, R. D. (Ranjan Deka Dawn DeMeo Scott), Duggirala, Q. R. (Qing Ravi), Durda, J. P. (Jon Peter), Dutcher, S. (Susan), Eaton, C. (Charles), Ekunwe, L. (Lynette), Farber, C. (Charles), Farnaml, L. (Leanna), Fingerlin, T. (Tasha), Flickinger, M. (Matthew), Franceschini, N. (Nora), Fu, M. (Mao), Fullerton, S. M. (Stephanie M.), Fulton, L. (Lucinda), Gan, W. (Weiniu), Gao, Y. (Yan), Gass, M. (Margery), Ge, B. (Bruce), Geng, X. P. (Xiaoqi Priscilla), Gignoux, C. (Chris), Gladwin, M. (Mark), Glahn, D. (David), Gogarten, S. (Stephanie), Gong, D.-W. (Da-Wei), Goring, H. (Harald), Gu, C. C. (C. Charles), Guan, Y. (Yue), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Haessler, J. (Jeff), Hall, M. (Michael), Harris, D. (Daniel), Hawle, N. Y. (Nicola Y.), Heavner, B. (Ben), Heckbert, S. (Susan), Hernandez, R. (Ryan), Herrington, D. (David), Hersh, C. (Craig), Hidalgo, B. (Bertha), Hixson, J. (James), Hokanson, J. (John), Hong, E. (Elliott), Hoth, K. (Karin), Hsiung, C. A. (Chao Agnes), Huston, H. (Haley), Hwu, C. M. (Chii Min), Jackson, R. (Rebecca), Jain, D. (Deepti), Jaquish, C. (Cashell), Jhun, M. A. (Min A.), Johnsen, J. (Jill), Johnson, A. (Andrew), Johnson, C. (Craig), Johnston, R. (Rich), Jones, K. (Kimberly), Kang, H. M. (Hyun Min), Kaufman, L. (Laura), Kell, S. Y. (Shannon Y.), Kessler, M. (Michael), Kinney, G. (Greg), Konkle, B. (Barbara), Kramer, H. (Holly), Krauter, S. (Stephanie), Lange, C. (Christoph), Lange, E. (Ethan), Laurie, C. (Cecelia), LeBoff, M. (Meryl), Lee, S. S. (Seunggeun Shawn), Lee, W.-J. (Wen-Jane), LeFaive, J. (Jonathon), Levine, D. (David), Levy, D. (Dan), Lewis, J. (Joshua), Li, Y. (Yun), Lin, H. (Honghuang), Lin, K. H. (Keng Han), Lin, X. (Xihong), Liu, S. (Simin), Liu, Y. (Yongmei), Lunetta, K. (Kathryn), Luo, J. (James), Mahaney, M. (Michael), Make, B. (Barry), Manichaikul, A. (Ani), Mansonl, J. (JoAnn), Margolin, L. (Lauren), Mathai, S. (Susan), McArdle, P. (Patrick), Mcdonald, M.-L. (Merry-Lynn), McFarland, S. (Sean), McHugh, C. (Caitlin), Mei, H. (Hao), Meyers, D. A. (Deborah A.), Mikulla, J. (Julie), Min, N. (Nancy), Minear, M. (Mollie), Minster, R. L. (Ryan L.), Musani, S. (Solomon), Mwasongwe, S. (Stanford), Mychaleckyj, J. C. (Josyf C.), Nadkarni, G. (Girish), Naik, R. (Rakhi), Naseri, T. (Take), Nekhai, S. (Sergei), Nelson, S. C. (Sarah C.), Nickerson, D. (Deborah), Connell, J. O. (Jeff O.), Connor, T. O. (Tim O.), Ochs-Balcom, H. (Heather), Pankow, J. (James), Papanicolaou, G. (George), Parkerl, M. (Margaret), Parsa, A. (Afshin), Penchey, S. (Sara), Perez, M. (Marco), Peters, U. (Ulrike), Phillips, L. S. (Lawrence S.), Phillips, S. (Sam), Pollin, T. (Toni), Post, W. (Wendy), Becker, J. P. (Julia Powers), Boorgula, M. P. (Meher Preethi), Preuss, M. (Michael), Prokopenko, D. (Dmitry), Qasba, P. (Pankaj), Qiao, D. (Dandi), Rafaels, N. (Nicholas), Raffield, L. (Laura), Rasmussen-Torvik, L. (Laura), Ratan, A. (Aakrosh), Reed, R. (Robert), Reganl, E. (Elizabeth), Reupena, M. S. (Muagututi Sefuiva), Rice, K. (Ken), Roden, D. (Dan), Roselli, C. (Carolina), Ruczinski, I. (Ingo), Russel, P. (Pamela), Ruuska, S. (Sarah), Ryan, K. (Kathleen), Sabino, E. C. (Ester Cerdeira), Sakornsakolpatl, P. (Phuwanat), Salzberg, S. (Steven), Sandow, K. (Kevin), Sankaran, V. G. (Vijay G.), Scheller, C. (Christopher), Schmidt, E. (Ellen), Schwander, K. (Karen), Schwartz, D. (David), Sciurba, F. (Frank), Seidman, C. (Christine), Seidman, J. (Jonathan), Sheehan, V. (Vivien), Shetty, A. (Amol), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Sheu, W. H. (Wayne Hui-Heng), Shoemaker, M. B. (M. Benjamin), Silver, B. (Brian), Silvermanl, E. (Edwin), Smith, J. (Jennifer), Smith, J. (Josh), Smith, N. (Nicholas), Smith, T. (Tanja), Smoller, S. (Sylvia), Snively, B. (Beverly), Soferlm, T. (Tamar), Streeten, E. (Elizabeth), Su, J. L. (Jessica Lasky), Sung, Y. J. (Yun Ju), Sylvia, J. (Jody), Sztalryd, C. (Carole), Taliun, D. (Daniel), Tang, H. (Hua), Taub, M. (Margaret), Taylor, K. D. (Kent D.), Taylor, S. (Simeon), Telen, M. (Marilyn), Thornton, T. A. (Timothy A.), Tinker, L. (Lesley), Tirschwel, D. (David), Tiwari, H. (Hemant), Vaidya, D. (Dhananjay), VandeHaar, P. (Peter), Vrieze, S. (Scott), Walker, T. (Tarik), Wallace, R. (Robert), Waits, A. (Avram), Wan, E. (Emily), Wang, H. (Heming), Watson, K. (Karol), Weir, B. (Bruce), Weiss, S. (Scott), Weng, L.-C. (Lu-Chen), Williams, K. (Kayleen), Williams, L. K. (L. Keoki), Wilson, C. (Carla), Wong, Q. (Quenna), Xu, H. (Huichun), Yang, I. (Ivana), Yang, R. (Rongze), Zaghlou, N. (Norann), Zekavat, M. (Maryam), Zhang, Y. (Yingze), Zhao, S. X. (Snow Xueyan), Zhao, W. (Wei), Zni, D. (Degui), Zhou, X. (Xiang), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Zody, M. (Michael), Zoellner, S. (Sebastian), Daly, M. (Mark), Jacob, H. (Howard), Matakidou, A. (Athena), Runz, H. (Heiko), John, S. (Sally), Plenge, R. (Robert), McCarthy, M. (Mark), Hunkapiller, J. (Julie), Ehm, M. (Meg), Waterworth, D. (Dawn), Fox, C. (Caroline), Malarstig, A. (Anders), Klinger, K. (Kathy), Call, K. (Kathy), Mkel, T. (Tomi), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Virolainen, P. (Petri), Pulkki, K. (Kari), Kilpi, T. (Terhi), Perola, M. (Markus), Partanen, J. (Jukka), Pitkranta, A. (Anne), Kaarteenaho, R. (Riitta), Vainio, S. (Seppo), Savinainen, K. (Kimmo), Kosma, V.-M. (Veli-Matti), Kujala, U. (Urho), Tuovila, O. (Outi), Hendolin, M. (Minna), Pakkanen, R. (Raimo), Waring, J. (Jeff), Riley-Gillis, B. (Bridget), Liu, J. (Jimmy), Biswas, S. (Shameek), Diogo, D. (Dorothee), Marshall, C. (Catherine), Hu, X. (Xinli), Gossel, M. (Matthias), Schleutker, J. (Johanna), Arvas, M. (Mikko), Hinttala, R. (Reetta), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Laaksonen, R. (Reijo), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Paloneva, J. (Juha), Soininen, H. (Hilkka), Julkunen, V. (Valtteri), Remes, A. (Anne), Klviinen, R. (Reetta), Hiltunen, M. (Mikko), Peltola, J. (Jukka), Tienari, P. (Pentti), Rinne, J. (Juha), Ziemann, A. (Adam), Waring, J. (Jeffrey), Esmaeeli, S. (Sahar), Smaoui, N. (Nizar), Lehtonen, A. (Anne), Eaton, S. (Susan), Landenper, S. (Sanni), Michon, J. (John), Kerchner, G. (Geoff), Bowers, N. (Natalie), Teng, E. (Edmond), Eicher, J. (John), Mehta, V. (Vinay), Gormle, P. Y. (Padhraig Y.), Linden, K. (Kari), Whelan, C. (Christopher), Xu, F. (Fanli), Pulford, D. (David), Frkkil, M. (Martti), Pikkarainen, S. (Sampsa), Jussila, A. (Airi), Blomster, T. (Timo), Kiviniemi, M. (Mikko), Voutilainen, M. (Markku), Georgantas, B. (Bob), Heap, G. (Graham), Rahimov, F. (Fedik), Usiskin, K. (Keith), Maranville, J. (Joseph), Lu, T. (Tim), Oh, D. (Danny), Kalpala, K. (Kirsi), Miller, M. (Melissa), McCarthy, L. (Linda), Eklund, K. (Kari), Palomki, A. (Antti), Isomki, P. (Pia), Piri, L. (Laura), Kaipiainen-Seppnen, O. (Oili), Lertratanaku, A. (Apinya), Bing, D. C. (David Close Marla Hochfeld Nan), Gordillo, J. E. (Jorge Esparza), Mars, N. (Nina), Laitinen, T. (Tarja), Pelkonen, M. (Margit), Kauppi, P. (Paula), Kankaanranta, H. (Hannu), Harju, T. (Terttu), Greenberg, S. (Steven), Chen, H. (Hubert), Betts, J. (Jo), Ghosh, S. (Soumitra), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Niiranen, T. (Teemu), Juonala, M. (Markus), Metsrinne, K. (Kaj), Khnen, M. (Mika), Junttila, J. (Juhani), Laakso, M. (Markku), Pihlajamki, J. (Jussi), Sinisalo, J. (Juha), Taskinen, M.-R. (Marja-Riitta), Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija), Laukkanen, J. (Jari), Challis, B. (Ben), Peterson, A. (Andrew), Chu, A. (Audrey), Parkkinen, J. (Jaakko), Muslin, A. (Anthony), Joensuu, H. (Heikki), Meretoja, T. (Tuomo), Aaltonen, L. (Lauri), Auranen, A. (Annika), Karihtala, P. (Peeter), Kauppila, S. (Saila), Auvinen, P. (Pivi), Elenius, K. (Klaus), Popovic, R. (Relja), Schutzman, J. (Jennifer), Loboda, A. (Andrey), Chhibber, A. (Aparna), Lehtonen, H. (Heli), McDonough, S. (Stefan), Crohns, M. (Marika), Kulkarni, D. (Diptee), Kaarniranta, K. (Kai), Turunen, J. (Joni), Ollila, T. (Terhi), Seitsonen, S. (Sanna), Uusitalo, H. (Hannu), Aaltonen, V. (Vesa), Uusitalo-Jrvinen, H. (Hannele), Luodonp, M. (Marja), Hautala, N. (Nina), Strauss, E. (Erich), Chen, H. (Hao), Podgornaia, A. (Anna), Hoffman, J. (Joshua), Tasanen, K. (Kaisa), Huilaja, L. (Laura), Hannula-Jouppi, K. (Katariina), Salmi, T. (Teea), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Koulu, L. (Leena), Harvima, I. (Ilkka), Wu, Y. (Ying), Choy, D. (David), Jalanko, A. (Anu), Kajanne, R. (Risto), Lyhs, U. (Ulrike), Kaunisto, M. (Mari), Davis, J. W. (Justin Wade), Quarless, D. (Danjuma), Petrovski, S. (Slav), Chen, C.-Y. (Chia-Yen), Bronson, P. (Paola), Yang, R. (Robert), Chang, D. (Diana), Bhangale, T. (Tushar), Holzinger, E. (Emily), Wang, X. (Xulong), Chen, X. (Xing), Auro, K. (Kirsi), Wang, C. (Clarence), Xu, E. (Ethan), Auge, F. (Franck), Chatelain, C. (Clement), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Havulinna, A. (Aki), Palin, K. (Kimmo), Palta, P. (Priit), Parolo, P. D. (Pietro Della Briotta), Zhou, W. (Wei), Lemmel, S. (Susanna), Rivas, M. (Manuel), Harju, J. (Jarmo), Lehisto, A. (Arto), Ganna, A. (Andrea), Llorens, V. (Vincent), Karlsson, A. (Antti), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Hyvrinen, K. (Kati), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Wahlfors, T. (Tiina), Koskinen, M. (Miika), Pylkäs, K. (Katri), Kalaoja, M. (Marita), Karjalainen, M. (Minna), Mantere, T. (Tuomo), Kangasniemi, E. (Eeva), Heikkinen, S. (Sami), Laakkonen, E. (Eija), Kononen, J. (Juha), Loukola, A. (Anu), Laiho, P. (Pivi), Sistonen, T. (Tuuli), Kaiharju, E. (Essi), Laukkanen, M. (Markku), Jrvensivu, E. (Elina), Lhteenmki, S. (Sini), Mnnikk, L. (Lotta), Wong, R. (Regis), Mattsson, H. (Hannele), Hiekkalinna, T. (Tero), Jimnez, M. G. (Manuel Gonzlez), Donner, K. (Kati), Prn, K. (KaIle), Nunez-Fontarnau, J. (Javier), Kilpelinen, E. (Elina), Sipi, T. P. (Timo P.), Brein, G. (Georg), Dada, A. (Alexander), Awaisa, G. (Ghazal), Shcherban, A. (Anastasia), Sipil, T. (Tuomas), Laivuori, H. (Hannele), Kiiskinen, T. (Tuomo), Siirtola, H. (Harri), Tabuenca, J. G. (Javier Gracia), Kallio, L. (Lila), Soini, S. (Sirpa), Pitknen, K. (Kimmo), and Kuopio, T. (Teijo)
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Cardiovascular genetics ,Genome-wide association studies - Abstract
Autosomal genetic analyses of blood lipids have yielded key insights for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, X chromosome genetic variation is understudied for blood lipids in large sample sizes. We now analyze genetic and blood lipid data in a high-coverage whole X chromosome sequencing study of 65,322 multi-ancestry participants and perform replication among 456,893 European participants. Common alleles on chromosome Xq23 are strongly associated with reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (min P = 8.5 × 10−72), with similar effects for males and females. Chromosome Xq23 lipid-lowering alleles are associated with reduced odds for CHD among 42,545 cases and 591,247 controls (P = 1.7 × 10−4), and reduced odds for diabetes mellitus type 2 among 54,095 cases and 573,885 controls (P = 1.4 × 10−5). Although we observe an association with increased BMI, waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI is reduced, bioimpedance analyses indicate increased gluteofemoral fat, and abdominal MRI analyses indicate reduced visceral adiposity. Co-localization analyses strongly correlate increased CHRDL1 gene expression, particularly in adipose tissue, with reduced concentrations of blood lipids.
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- 2021
4. Selection and characterization of a SpaCBA pilus-secreting food-grade derivative of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG
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Tytgat, H. L. (Hanne L. P.), Rasinkangas, P. (Pia), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Reunanen, J. (Justus), Aalvink, S. (Steven), Lin, C.-w. (Chia-wei), Palva, A. (Airi), Douillard, F. P. (François P.), and de Vos, W. M. (Willem M.)
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fluids and secretions ,Pilus biogenesis ,L. rhamnosus GG ,food and beverages ,Pili ,Non-GMOderivative - Abstract
Many studies have established the functional properties of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, previously known as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, marketed worldwide as a probiotic. The extraordinary capacity of L. rhamnosus GG to bind to human mucus and influence the immune system especially stand out. Earlier, we have shown the key role of its SpaCBA sortase-dependent pili encoded by the spaCBA-srtC1 gene cluster herein. These heterotrimeric pili consist of a shaft pilin SpaA, a basal pilin SpaB, and tip pilin SpaC that contains a mucus-binding domain. Here, we set out to characterize a food-grade non-GMO mutant of L. rhamnosus GG, strain PA11, which secretes its pilins, rather than coupling them to the cell surface, due to a defect in the housekeeping sortase A. The sortase-negative strain PA11 was extensively characterized using functional genomics and biochemical approaches and found to secrete the SpaCBA pili into the supernatant. Given the functional importance and uniqueness of the mucus-binding pili of L. rhamnosus GG, strain PA11 offers novel opportunities towards the characterization and further therapeutic application of SpaCBA pili and their low-cost, large-scale production.
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- 2021
5. Characterization of highly mucus-adherent non-GMO derivatives of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG
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Rasinkangas, P. (Pia), Tytgat, H. L. (Hanne L. P.), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Reunanen, J. (Justus), Salminen, S. (Seppo), Palva, A. (Airi), Douillard, F. P. (François P.), de Vos, W. M. (Willem M.), Rasinkangas, P. (Pia), Tytgat, H. L. (Hanne L. P.), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Reunanen, J. (Justus), Salminen, S. (Seppo), Palva, A. (Airi), Douillard, F. P. (François P.), and de Vos, W. M. (Willem M.)
- Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG is one of the best studied lactic acid bacteria in the context of probiotic effects. L. rhamnosus GG has been shown to prevent diarrhea in children and adults and has been implicated to have mitigating or preventive effects in several disorders connected to microbiota dysbiosis. The probiotic effects are largely attributed to its adhesive heterotrimeric sortase-dependent pili, encoded by the spaCBA-srtC1 gene cluster. Indeed, the strain-specific SpaCBA pili have been shown to contribute to adherence, biofilm formation and host signaling. In this work we set out to generate non-GMO derivatives of L. rhamnosus GG that adhere stronger to mucus compared to the wild-type strain using chemical mutagenesis. We selected 13 derivatives that showed an increased mucus-adherent phenotype. Deep shotgun resequencing of the strains enabled division of the strains into three classes, two of which revealed SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in the spaA and spaC genes encoding the shaft and tip adhesive pilins, respectively. Strikingly, the other class derivatives demonstrated less clear genotype — phenotype relationships, illustrating that pili biogenesis and structure is also affected by other processes. Further characterization of the different classes of derivatives was performed by PacBio SMRT sequencing and RNAseq analysis, which resulted in the identification of molecular candidates driving pilin biosynthesis and functionality. In conclusion, we report on the generation and characterization of three classes of strongly adherent L. rhamnosus GG derivatives that show an increase in adhesion to mucus. These are of special interest as they provide a window on processes and genes driving piliation and its control in L. rhamnosus GG and offer a variety of non-GMO derivatives of this key probiotic strain that are applicable in food products.
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- 2020
6. Genetic architecture of human plasma lipidome and its link to cardiovascular disease
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Tabassum, R. (Rubina), Ramo, J. T. (Joel T.), Ripatti, P. (Pietari), Koskela, J. T. (Jukka T.), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Palta, P. (Priit), Hassan, S. (Shabbeer), Nunez-Fontarnau, J. (Javier), Kiiskinen, T. T. (Tuomo T. J.), Soderlund, S. (Sanni), Matikainen, N. (Niina), Gerl, M. J. (Mathias J.), Surma, M. A. (Michal A.), Klose, C. (Christian), Stitziel, N. O. (Nathan O.), Laivuori, H. (Hannele), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Service, S. K. (Susan K.), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Pirinen, M. (Matti), Jauhiainen, M. (Matti), Daly, M. J. (Mark J.), Freimer, N. B. (Nelson B.), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Taskinen, M.-R. (Marja-Riitta), Simons, K. (Kai), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Jalanko, A. (Anu), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Donner, K. (Kati), Kaunisto, M. (Mari), Mars, N. (Nina), Dada, A. (Alexander), Shcherban, A. (Anastasia), Ganna, A. (Andrea), Lehisto, A. (Arto), Kilpelainen, E. (Elina), Brein, G. (Georg), Awaisa, G. (Ghazal), Harju, J. (Jarmo), Parr, K. (Kalle), Parolo, P. D. (Pietro Della Briotta), Kajanne, R. (Risto), Lemmela, S. (Susanna), Sipila, T. P. (Timo P.), Sipila, T. (Tuomas), Lyhs, U. (Ulrike), Llorens, V. (Vincent), Niiranen, T. (Teemu), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Mannikko, L. (Lotta), Jimenez, M. G. (Manuel Gonzalez), Perola, M. (Markus), Wong, R. (Regis), Kilpi, T. (Terhi), Hiekkalinna, T. (Tero), Jarvensivu, E. (Elina), Kaiharju, E. (Essi), Mattsson, H. (Hannele), Laukkanen, M. (Markku), Laiho, P. (Paivi), Lahteenmaki, S. (Sini), Sistonen, T. (Tuuli), Soini, S. (Sirpa), Ziemann, A. (Adam), Lehtonen, A. (Anne), Lertratanakul, A. (Apinya), Georgantas, B. (Bob), Riley-Gillis, B. (Bridget), Quarless, D. (Danjuma), Rahimov, F. (Fedik), Heap, G. (Graham), Jacob, H. (Howard), Waring, J. (Jeffrey), Davis, J. W. (Justin Wade), Smaoui, N. (Nizar), Popovic, R. (Relja), Esmaeeli, S. (Sahar), Waring, J. (Jeff), Matakidou, A. (Athena), Challis, B. (Ben), Close, D. (David), Petrovski, S. (Slave), Karlsson, A. (Antti), Schleutker, J. (Johanna), Pulkki, K. (Kari), Virolainen, P. (Petri), Kallio, L. (Lila), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Heikkinen, S. (Sami), Kosma, V.-M. (Veli-Matti), Chen, C.-Y. (Chia-Yen), Runz, H. (Heiko), Liu, J. (Jimmy), Bronson, P. (Paola), John, S. (Sally), Landenpera, S. (Sanni), Eaton, S. (Susan), Zhou, W. (Wei), Hendolin, M. (Minna), Tuovila, O. (Outi), Pakkanen, R. (Raimo), Maranville, J. (Joseph), Usiskin, K. (Keith), Hochfeld, M. (Marla), Plenge, R. (Robert), Yang, R. (Robert), Biswas, S. (Shameek), Greenberg, S. (Steven), Laakkonen, E. (Eija), Kononen, J. (Juha), Paloneva, J. (Juha), Kujala, U. (Urho), Kuopio, T. (Teijo), Laukkanen, J. (Jari), Kangasniemi, E. (Eeva), Savinainen, K. (Kimmo), Laaksonen, R. (Reijo), Arvas, M. (Mikko), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Partanen, J. (Jukka), Hyvarinen, K. (Kati), Wahlfors, T. (Tiina), Peterson, A. (Andrew), Oh, D. (Danny), Chang, D. (Diana), Teng, E. (Edmond), Strauss, E. (Erich), Kerchner, G. (Geoff), Chen, H. (Hao), Chen, H. (Hubert), Schutzman, J. (Jennifer), Michon, J. (John), Hunkapiller, J. (Julie), McCarthy, M. (Mark), Bowers, N. (Natalie), Lu, T. (Tim), Bhangale, T. (Tushar), Pulford, D. (David), Waterworth, D. (Dawn), Kulkarni, D. (Diptee), Xu, F. (Fanli), Betts, J. (Jo), Gordillo, J. E. (Jorge Esparza), Hoffman, J. (Joshua), Auro, K. (Kirsi), McCarthy, L. (Linda), Ghosh, S. (Soumitra), Ehm, M. (Meg), Pitkanen, K. (Kimmo), Makela, T. (Tomi), Loukola, A. (Anu), Joensuu, H. (Heikki), Sinisalo, J. (Juha), Eklund, K. (Kari), Aaltonen, L. (Lauri), Farkkila, M. (Martti), Carpen, O. (Olli), Kauppi, P. (Paula), Tienari, P. (Pentti), Ollila, T. (Terhi), Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija), Meretoja, T. (Tuomo), Pitkaranta, A. (Anne), Turunen, J. (Joni), Hannula-Jouppi, K. (Katariina), Pikkarainen, S. (Sampsa), Seitsonen, S. (Sanna), Koskinen, M. (Miika), Palomaki, A. (Antti), Rinne, J. (Juha), Metsarinne, K. (Kaj), Elenius, K. (Klaus), Pirila, L. (Laura), Koulu, L. (Leena), Voutilainen, M. (Markku), Juonala, M. (Markus), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Aaltonen, V. (Vesa), Loboda, A. (Andrey), Podgornaia, A. (Anna), Chhibber, A. (Aparna), Chu, A. (Audrey), Fox, C. (Caroline), Diogo, D. (Dorothee), Holzinger, E. (Emily), Eicher, J. (John), Gormley, P. (Padhraig), Mehta, V. (Vinay), Wang, X. (Xulong), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Pylkas, K. (Katri), Kalaoja, M. (Marita), Karjalainen, M. (Minna), Hinttala, R. (Reetta), Kaarteenaho, R. (Riitta), Vainio, S. (Seppo), Mantere, T. (Tuomo), Remes, A. (Anne), Huhtakangas, J. (Johanna), Junttila, J. (Juhani), Tasanen, K. (Kaisa), Huilaja, L. (Laura), Luodonpaa, M. (Marja), Hautala, N. (Nina), Karihtala, P. (Peeter), Kauppila, S. (Saila), Harju, T. (Terttu), Blomster, T. (Timo), Soininen, H. (Hilkka), Harvima, I. (Ilkka), Pihlajamaki, J. (Jussi), Kaarniranta, K. (Kai), Pelkonen, M. (Margit), Laakso, M. (Markku), Hiltunen, M. (Mikko), Kiviniemi, M. (Mikko), Kaipiainen-Seppanen, O. (Oili), Auvinen, P. (Paivi), Kalviainen, R. (Reetta), Julkunen, V. (Valtteri), Malarstig, A. (Anders), Hedman, A. (Asa), Marshal, C. (Catherine), Whelan, C. (Christopher), Lehtonen, H. (Heli), Parkkinen, J. (Jaakko), Linden, K. (Kari), Kalpala, K. (Kirsi), Miller, M. (Melissa), Bing, N. (Nan), McDonough, S. (Stefan), Chen, X. (Xing), Hu, X. (Xinli), Wu, Y. (Ying), Auranen, A. (Annika), Jussila, A. (Airi), Uusitalo-Jarvinen, H. (Hannele), Kankaanranta, H. (Hannu), Uusitalo, H. (Hannu), Peltola, J. (Jukka), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Isomaki, P. (Pia), Laitinen, T. (Tarja), Salmi, T. (Teea), Muslin, A. (Anthony), Wang, C. (Clarence), Chatelain, C. (Clement), Xu, E. (Ethan), Auge, F. (Franck), Call, K. (Kathy), Klinger, K. (Kathy), Crohns, M. (Marika), Gossel, M. (Matthias), Palin, K. (Kimmo), Rivas, M. (Manuel), Siirtola, H. (Harri), and Tabuenca, J. G. (Javier Gracia)
- Subjects
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) - Abstract
Understanding genetic architecture of plasma lipidome could provide better insights into lipid metabolism and its link to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Here, we perform genome-wide association analyses of 141 lipid species (n = 2,181 individuals), followed by phenome-wide scans with 25 CVD related phenotypes (n = 511,700 individuals). We identify 35 lipid-species-associated loci (P
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- 2019
7. IL-10 polymorphisms +434T/C, +504G/T, and -2849C/T may predispose to tubulointersititial nephritis and uveitis in pediatric population
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Rytkönen, S. (Sari), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Peräsaari, J. (Juha), Saarela, V. (Ville), Nuutinen, M. (Matti), Jahnukainen, T. (Timo), Rytkönen, S. (Sari), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Peräsaari, J. (Juha), Saarela, V. (Ville), Nuutinen, M. (Matti), and Jahnukainen, T. (Timo)
- Abstract
Background: Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and uveitis syndrome (TINU) are likely to be autoimmune diseases. Based on previous studies, adults with isolated idiopathic uveitis have polymorphisms in interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) genes. We aimed to evaluate the presence of IL-10 and TNF-α polymorphisms in a nationwide cohort of pediatric TIN/TINU patients. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-10 (+434T/C, +504G/T, -1082G/A, -2849C/T) and in TNFα (-308G/A, -238G/A, -857C/T) genes were genotyped in 30 well-defined pediatric patients with idiopathic TIN/TINU syndrome. Control group frequencies for these SNPs were obtained from 393 independent Finnish subjects. Results: The homozygous minor allele in IL-10 +434T (rs2222202) and IL-10+504G (rs3024490) was found in all patients with TIN or TINU syndrome while the frequency of these minor alleles in the control population was 44% and 23%, respectively (p <0.001). In IL-10 SNP -2849 (rs6703630) a significant difference was found with genotype TT in all patients (p = 0.004) and in subgroups with TINU syndrome (p = 0.017) and TINU syndrome with chronic uveitis (p = 0.01) compared to reference population. There were no statistical differences in any of the studied TNF-α genotypes between TIN/TINU patients and control population. Conclusions: A significant difference in the frequency of IL-10+434T and +504G alleles was found between TIN/TINU patients and control population. Genotype -2849TT was more frequently present in patients with TINU syndrome than in the reference subjects. Genetic variation in the inflammatory mediators may predispose to autoimmune nephritis and uveitis.
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- 2019
8. Genetic architecture of human plasma lipidome and its link to cardiovascular disease
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Tabassum, R, Ramo, JT, Ripatti, P, Koskela, JT, Kurki, M, Karjalainen, J, Palta, P, Hassan, S, Nunez-Fontarnau, J, Kiiskinen, TTJ, Soderlund, S, Matikainen, N, Gerl, MJ, Surma, MA, Klose, C, Stitziel, NO, Laivuori, H, Havulinna, AS, Service, SK, Salomaa, V, Pirinen, M, Jauhiainen, M, Daly, MJ, Freimer, NB, Palotie, A, Taskinen, M-R, Simons, K, Ripatti, S, Jalanko, A, Kaprio, J, Donner, K, Kaunisto, M, Mars, N, Dada, A, Shcherban, A, Ganna, A, Lehisto, A, Kilpelainen, E, Brein, G, Awaisa, G, Harju, J, Parr, K, Parolo, PDB, Kajanne, R, Lemmela, S, Sipila, TP, Sipila, T, Lyhs, U, Llorens, V, Niiranen, T, Kristiansson, K, Mannikko, L, Jimenez, MG, Perola, M, Wong, R, Kilpi, T, Hiekkalinna, T, Jarvensivu, E, Kaiharju, E, Mattsson, H, Laukkanen, M, Laiho, P, Lahteenmaki, S, Sistonen, T, Soini, S, Ziemann, A, Lehtonen, A, Lertratanakul, A, Georgantas, B, Riley-Gillis, B, Quarless, D, Rahimov, F, Heap, G, Jacob, H, Waring, J, Davis, JW, Smaoui, N, Popovic, R, Esmaeeli, S, Matakidou, A, Challis, B, Close, D, Petrovski, S, Karlsson, A, Schleutker, J, Pulkki, K, Virolainen, P, Kallio, L, Mannermaa, A, Heikkinen, S, Kosma, V-M, Chen, C-Y, Runz, H, Liu, J, Bronson, P, John, S, Landenpera, S, Eaton, S, Zhou, W, Hendolin, M, Tuovila, O, Pakkanen, R, Maranville, J, Usiskin, K, Hochfeld, M, Plenge, R, Yang, R, Biswas, S, Greenberg, S, Laakkonen, E, Kononen, J, Paloneva, J, Kujala, U, Kuopio, T, Laukkanen, J, Kangasniemi, E, Savinainen, K, Laaksonen, R, Arvas, M, Ritari, J, Partanen, J, Hyvarinen, K, Wahlfors, T, Peterson, A, Oh, D, Chang, D, Teng, E, Strauss, E, Kerchner, G, Chen, H, Schutzman, J, Michon, J, Hunkapiller, J, McCarthy, M, Bowers, N, Lu, T, Bhangale, T, Pulford, D, Waterworth, D, Kulkarni, D, Xu, F, Betts, J, Gordillo, JE, Hoffman, J, Auro, K, McCarthy, L, Ghosh, S, Ehm, M, Pitkanen, K, Makela, T, Loukola, A, Joensuu, H, Sinisalo, J, Eklund, K, Aaltonen, L, Farkkila, M, Carpen, O, Kauppi, P, Tienari, P, Ollila, T, Tuomi, T, Meretoja, T, Pitkaranta, A, Turunen, J, Hannula-Jouppi, K, Pikkarainen, S, Seitsonen, S, Koskinen, M, Palomaki, A, Rinne, J, Metsarinne, K, Elenius, K, Pirila, L, Koulu, L, Voutilainen, M, Juonala, M, Peltonen, S, Aaltonen, V, Loboda, A, Podgornaia, A, Chhibber, A, Chu, A, Fox, C, Diogo, D, Holzinger, E, Eicher, J, Gormley, P, Mehta, V, Wang, X, Kettunen, J, Pylkas, K, Kalaoja, M, Karjalainen, M, Hinttala, R, Kaarteenaho, R, Vainio, S, Mantere, T, Remes, A, Huhtakangas, J, Junttila, J, Tasanen, K, Huilaja, L, Luodonpaa, M, Hautala, N, Karihtala, P, Kauppila, S, Harju, T, Blomster, T, Soininen, H, Harvima, I, Pihlajamaki, J, Kaarniranta, K, Pelkonen, M, Laakso, M, Hiltunen, M, Kiviniemi, M, Kaipiainen-Seppanen, O, Auvinen, P, Kalviainen, R, Julkunen, V, Malarstig, A, Hedman, A, Marshal, C, Whelan, C, Lehtonen, H, Parkkinen, J, Linden, K, Kalpala, K, Miller, M, Bing, N, McDonough, S, Chen, X, Hu, X, Wu, Y, Auranen, A, Jussila, A, Uusitalo-Jarvinen, H, Kankaanranta, H, Uusitalo, H, Peltola, J, Kahonen, M, Isomaki, P, Laitinen, T, Salmi, T, Muslin, A, Wang, C, Chatelain, C, Xu, E, Auge, F, Call, K, Klinger, K, Crohns, M, Gossel, M, Palin, K, Rivas, M, Siirtola, H, Tabuenca, JG, Tabassum, R, Ramo, JT, Ripatti, P, Koskela, JT, Kurki, M, Karjalainen, J, Palta, P, Hassan, S, Nunez-Fontarnau, J, Kiiskinen, TTJ, Soderlund, S, Matikainen, N, Gerl, MJ, Surma, MA, Klose, C, Stitziel, NO, Laivuori, H, Havulinna, AS, Service, SK, Salomaa, V, Pirinen, M, Jauhiainen, M, Daly, MJ, Freimer, NB, Palotie, A, Taskinen, M-R, Simons, K, Ripatti, S, Jalanko, A, Kaprio, J, Donner, K, Kaunisto, M, Mars, N, Dada, A, Shcherban, A, Ganna, A, Lehisto, A, Kilpelainen, E, Brein, G, Awaisa, G, Harju, J, Parr, K, Parolo, PDB, Kajanne, R, Lemmela, S, Sipila, TP, Sipila, T, Lyhs, U, Llorens, V, Niiranen, T, Kristiansson, K, Mannikko, L, Jimenez, MG, Perola, M, Wong, R, Kilpi, T, Hiekkalinna, T, Jarvensivu, E, Kaiharju, E, Mattsson, H, Laukkanen, M, Laiho, P, Lahteenmaki, S, Sistonen, T, Soini, S, Ziemann, A, Lehtonen, A, Lertratanakul, A, Georgantas, B, Riley-Gillis, B, Quarless, D, Rahimov, F, Heap, G, Jacob, H, Waring, J, Davis, JW, Smaoui, N, Popovic, R, Esmaeeli, S, Matakidou, A, Challis, B, Close, D, Petrovski, S, Karlsson, A, Schleutker, J, Pulkki, K, Virolainen, P, Kallio, L, Mannermaa, A, Heikkinen, S, Kosma, V-M, Chen, C-Y, Runz, H, Liu, J, Bronson, P, John, S, Landenpera, S, Eaton, S, Zhou, W, Hendolin, M, Tuovila, O, Pakkanen, R, Maranville, J, Usiskin, K, Hochfeld, M, Plenge, R, Yang, R, Biswas, S, Greenberg, S, Laakkonen, E, Kononen, J, Paloneva, J, Kujala, U, Kuopio, T, Laukkanen, J, Kangasniemi, E, Savinainen, K, Laaksonen, R, Arvas, M, Ritari, J, Partanen, J, Hyvarinen, K, Wahlfors, T, Peterson, A, Oh, D, Chang, D, Teng, E, Strauss, E, Kerchner, G, Chen, H, Schutzman, J, Michon, J, Hunkapiller, J, McCarthy, M, Bowers, N, Lu, T, Bhangale, T, Pulford, D, Waterworth, D, Kulkarni, D, Xu, F, Betts, J, Gordillo, JE, Hoffman, J, Auro, K, McCarthy, L, Ghosh, S, Ehm, M, Pitkanen, K, Makela, T, Loukola, A, Joensuu, H, Sinisalo, J, Eklund, K, Aaltonen, L, Farkkila, M, Carpen, O, Kauppi, P, Tienari, P, Ollila, T, Tuomi, T, Meretoja, T, Pitkaranta, A, Turunen, J, Hannula-Jouppi, K, Pikkarainen, S, Seitsonen, S, Koskinen, M, Palomaki, A, Rinne, J, Metsarinne, K, Elenius, K, Pirila, L, Koulu, L, Voutilainen, M, Juonala, M, Peltonen, S, Aaltonen, V, Loboda, A, Podgornaia, A, Chhibber, A, Chu, A, Fox, C, Diogo, D, Holzinger, E, Eicher, J, Gormley, P, Mehta, V, Wang, X, Kettunen, J, Pylkas, K, Kalaoja, M, Karjalainen, M, Hinttala, R, Kaarteenaho, R, Vainio, S, Mantere, T, Remes, A, Huhtakangas, J, Junttila, J, Tasanen, K, Huilaja, L, Luodonpaa, M, Hautala, N, Karihtala, P, Kauppila, S, Harju, T, Blomster, T, Soininen, H, Harvima, I, Pihlajamaki, J, Kaarniranta, K, Pelkonen, M, Laakso, M, Hiltunen, M, Kiviniemi, M, Kaipiainen-Seppanen, O, Auvinen, P, Kalviainen, R, Julkunen, V, Malarstig, A, Hedman, A, Marshal, C, Whelan, C, Lehtonen, H, Parkkinen, J, Linden, K, Kalpala, K, Miller, M, Bing, N, McDonough, S, Chen, X, Hu, X, Wu, Y, Auranen, A, Jussila, A, Uusitalo-Jarvinen, H, Kankaanranta, H, Uusitalo, H, Peltola, J, Kahonen, M, Isomaki, P, Laitinen, T, Salmi, T, Muslin, A, Wang, C, Chatelain, C, Xu, E, Auge, F, Call, K, Klinger, K, Crohns, M, Gossel, M, Palin, K, Rivas, M, Siirtola, H, and Tabuenca, JG
- Abstract
Understanding genetic architecture of plasma lipidome could provide better insights into lipid metabolism and its link to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Here, we perform genome-wide association analyses of 141 lipid species (n = 2,181 individuals), followed by phenome-wide scans with 25 CVD related phenotypes (n = 511,700 individuals). We identify 35 lipid-species-associated loci (P <5 ×10-8), 10 of which associate with CVD risk including five new loci-COL5A1, GLTPD2, SPTLC3, MBOAT7 and GALNT16 (false discovery rate<0.05). We identify loci for lipid species that are shown to predict CVD e.g., SPTLC3 for CER(d18:1/24:1). We show that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) may more efficiently hydrolyze medium length triacylglycerides (TAGs) than others. Polyunsaturated lipids have highest heritability and genetic correlations, suggesting considerable genetic regulation at fatty acids levels. We find low genetic correlations between traditional lipids and lipid species. Our results show that lipidomic profiles capture information beyond traditional lipids and identify genetic variants modifying lipid levels and risk of CVD.
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- 2019
9. Genomic prediction of relapse in recipients of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
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Ritari, J., primary, Hyvärinen, K., additional, Koskela, S., additional, Itälä-Remes, M., additional, Niittyvuopio, R., additional, Nihtinen, A., additional, Salmenniemi, U., additional, Putkonen, M., additional, Volin, L., additional, Kwan, T., additional, Pastinen, T., additional, and Partanen, J., additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Genome sequence of Romboutsia str. Frifi
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Gerritsen, J., Umanetc, Alexander, van Leeuwen-Staneva, I.N., Hornung, B.V.H., Ritari, J., Paulin, L., Rijkers, Ger T., de Vos, W.M., Smidt, H., Gerritsen, J., Umanetc, Alexander, van Leeuwen-Staneva, I.N., Hornung, B.V.H., Ritari, J., Paulin, L., Rijkers, Ger T., de Vos, W.M., and Smidt, H.
- Abstract
Genome sequence of Romboutsia str. Frifi
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- 2018
11. Genome sequence of Romboutsia lituseburensis
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Gerritsen, J., Umanetc, Alexander, van Leeuwen-Staneva, I.N., Hornung, B.V.H., Ritari, J., Paulin, L., Rijkers, Ger T., de Vos, W.M., Smidt, H., Gerritsen, J., Umanetc, Alexander, van Leeuwen-Staneva, I.N., Hornung, B.V.H., Ritari, J., Paulin, L., Rijkers, Ger T., de Vos, W.M., and Smidt, H.
- Abstract
The genome of Romboutsia lituseburensis has been sequenced for comparative purposes within the new genus Romboutsia., The genome of Romboutsia lituseburensis has been sequenced for comparative purposes within the new genus Romboutsia.
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- 2018
12. Colonic metaproteomic signatures of active bacteria and the host in obesity
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Kolmeder, C.A., Kolmeder, C.A., Ritari, J., Verdam, F.J., Muth, T., Keskitalo, S., Varjosalo, M., Fuentes, S., Greve, J.W., Buurman, Wim A., Reichl, U., Rapp, E., Martens, L., Palva, A., Salonen, A., Rensen, Sander S., de Vos, W.M., Kolmeder, C.A., Kolmeder, C.A., Ritari, J., Verdam, F.J., Muth, T., Keskitalo, S., Varjosalo, M., Fuentes, S., Greve, J.W., Buurman, Wim A., Reichl, U., Rapp, E., Martens, L., Palva, A., Salonen, A., Rensen, Sander S., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
Obesity is associated with the intestinal microbiota in man but the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. Our previous phylogenetic study showed that the faecal microbiota profiles of non-obese versus obese and morbidly obese individuals differed. Here, we have extended this analysis with a characterisation of the faecal metaproteome, in order to detect differences at a functional level. Proteins were extracted from crude faecal samples of 29 subjects, separated by 1D gel-electrophoresis and characterized using reversed phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The peptide data were analysed in database searches with two complementary algorithms, OMSSA and X!Tandem, to increase the number of identifications. EggNOG database searches resulted in the functional annotation of over 90% of the identified microbial and human proteins. Based on both bacterial and human proteins, a clear clustering of obese and non-obese samples was obtained that exceeded the phylogenetic separation in dimension. Moreover, integration of the metaproteomic and phylogenetic data sets revealed notably that Bacteroidetes were metabolically more active in the obese than non-obese subjects. Finally, significant correlations between clinical measurements and bacterial gene functions were identified. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating data of the host and microbiota to understand their interactions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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- 2015
13. Intestinimonas butyriciproducens af211 Genome sequencing
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Bui, Nam, Ritari, J., Boeren, J.A., de Waard, P., Plugge, C.M., de Vos, W.M., Bui, Nam, Ritari, J., Boeren, J.A., de Waard, P., Plugge, C.M., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
isolated from a human stool sample which is closely related to type strain Intestinimonas butyriciproducens isolated from mouse, isolated from a human stool sample which is closely related to type strain Intestinimonas butyriciproducens isolated from mouse
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- 2015
14. Expanding the biotechnology potential of lactobacilli through comparative genomics of 213 strains and associated genera
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Sun, Z., Harris, H.M.B., McCann, A., Guo, C., Argimón, S., Zhang, W., Yang, X., Jeffery, I.B., Cooney, J.C., Kagawa, T.F., Liu, W., Song, Y., Salvetti, E., Wrobel, A., Rasinkangas, P., Parkhill, J., Rea, M.C., O'Sullivan, O., Ritari, J., Douillard, F.P., Paul Ross, R., Yang, R., Briner, A.E., Felis, G.E., de Vos, W.M., Barrangou, R., Klaenhammer, T.R., Caufield, P.W., Cui, Y., Zhang, H., O'Toole, P.W., Sun, Z., Harris, H.M.B., McCann, A., Guo, C., Argimón, S., Zhang, W., Yang, X., Jeffery, I.B., Cooney, J.C., Kagawa, T.F., Liu, W., Song, Y., Salvetti, E., Wrobel, A., Rasinkangas, P., Parkhill, J., Rea, M.C., O'Sullivan, O., Ritari, J., Douillard, F.P., Paul Ross, R., Yang, R., Briner, A.E., Felis, G.E., de Vos, W.M., Barrangou, R., Klaenhammer, T.R., Caufield, P.W., Cui, Y., Zhang, H., and O'Toole, P.W.
- Abstract
Lactobacilli are a diverse group of species that occupy diverse nutrient-rich niches associated with humans, animals, plants and food. They are used widely in biotechnology and food preservation, and are being explored as therapeutics. Exploiting lactobacilli has been complicated by metabolic diversity, unclear species identity and uncertain relationships between them and other commercially important lactic acid bacteria. The capacity for biotransformations catalysed by lactobacilli is an untapped biotechnology resource. Here we report the genome sequences of 213 Lactobacillus strains and associated genera, and their encoded genetic catalogue for modifying carbohydrates and proteins. In addition, we describe broad and diverse presence of novel CRISPR-Cas immune systems in lactobacilli that may be exploited for genome editing. We rationalize the phylogenomic distribution of host interaction factors and bacteriocins that affect their natural and industrial environments, and mechanisms to withstand stress during technological processes. We present a robust phylogenomic framework of existing species and for classifying new species
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- 2015
15. Production of butyrate from lysine and the Amadori product fructoselysine by a human gut commensal
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Bui, Nam, Ritari, J., Boeren, J.A., de Waard, P., Plugge, C.M., de Vos, W.M., Bui, Nam, Ritari, J., Boeren, J.A., de Waard, P., Plugge, C.M., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
Human intestinal bacteria produce butyrate, which has signalling properties and can be used as energy source by enterocytes thus influencing colonic health. However, the pathways and the identity of bacteria involved in this process remain unclear. Here we describe the isolation from the human intestine of Intestinimonas strain AF211, a bacterium that can convert lysine stoichiometrically into butyrate and acetate when grown in a synthetic medium. Intestinimonas AF211 also converts the Amadori product fructoselysine, which is abundantly formed in heated foods via the Maillard reaction, into butyrate. The butyrogenic pathway includes a specific CoA transferase that is overproduced during growth on lysine. Bacteria related to Intestinimonas AF211 as well as the genetic coding capacity for fructoselysine conversion are abundantly present in colonic samples from some healthy human subjects. Our results indicate that protein can serve as a source of butyrate in the human colon, and its conversion by Intestinimonas AF211 and related butyrogens may protect the host from the undesired side effects of Amadori reaction products
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- 2015
16. Effects of bowel cleansing on the intestinal microbiota
- Author
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Jalanka, J., Salonen, A., Salojärvi, J., Ritari, J., Immonen, O., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., Hoad, C., Garsed, K., Lam, M.C., Palva, A., Spiller, R.C., de Vos, W.M., Jalanka, J., Salonen, A., Salojärvi, J., Ritari, J., Immonen, O., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., Hoad, C., Garsed, K., Lam, M.C., Palva, A., Spiller, R.C., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: An adequate bowel cleansing is essential for a successful colonoscopy. Although purgative consumption is safe for the patient, there is little consensus on how the intestinal microbiota is affected by the procedure, especially regarding the potential long-term consequences. DESIGN: 23 healthy subjects were randomised into two study groups consuming a bowel preparation (Moviprep), either in two separate doses of 1 L or as a single 2-L dose. Participants donated faecal samples at the baseline, after bowel cleansing, 14 and 28 days after the treatment. The intestinal microbiota composition was determined with phylogenetic microarray as well as quantitative PCR analysis and correlated with the previously quantified faecal serine proteases. RESULTS: The lavage introduced an instant and substantial change to the intestinal microbiota. The total microbial load was decreased by 31-fold and 22% of the participants lost the subject-specificity of their microbiota. While the bacterial levels and community composition were essentially restored within 14 days, the rate of recovery was dose dependent: consumption of the purgative in a single dose had a more severe effect on the microbiota composition than that of a double dose, and notably increased the levels of Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and bacteria related to Dorea formicigenerans. The abundance of the latter also correlated with the amount of faecal serine proteases that were increased after purging. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the bowel cleansing using two separate dosages introduces fewer alterations to the intestinal microbiota than a single dose and hence may be preferred in clinical practice
- Published
- 2015
17. Comparative genome analysis of Lactobacillus casei strains isolated from Actimel and Yakult products reveals marked similarities and points to a common origin
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Douillard, F.P., Kant, R., Ritari, J., Paulin, L., Palva, A., de Vos, W.M., Douillard, F.P., Kant, R., Ritari, J., Paulin, L., Palva, A., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
The members of the Lactobacillus genus are widely used in the food and feed industry and show a remarkable ecological adaptability. Several Lactobacillus strains have been marketed as probiotics as they possess health-promoting properties for the host. In the present study, we used two complementary next-generation sequencing technologies to deduce the genome sequences of two Lactobacillus casei strains LcA and LcY, which were isolated from the products Actimel and Yakult, commercialized as probiotics. The LcA and LcY draft genomes have, respectively, an estimated size of 3067 and 3082 Mb and a G+ C content of 46.3%. Both strains are close to identical to each other and differ by no more than minor chromosomal re-arrangements, substitutions, insertions and deletions, as evident from the verified presence of one insertion-deletion (InDel) and only 29 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In terms of coding capacity, LcA and LcY are predicted to encode a comparable exoproteome, indicating that LcA and LcY are likely to establish similar interactions with human intestinal cells. Moreover, both L. casei LcA and LcY harboured a 59.6 kb plasmid that shared high similarities with plasmids found in other L. casei strains, such as W56 and BD-II. Further analysis revealed that the L. casei plasmids constitute a good evolution marker within the L. casei species. The plasmids of the LcA and LcY strains are almost identical, as testified by the presence of only three verified SNPs, and share a 3.5 kb region encoding a remnant of a lactose PTS system that is absent from the plasmids of W56 and BD-II but conserved in another smaller L. casei plasmid (pLC2W). Our observations imply that the results obtained in animal and human experiments performed with the Actimel and Yakult strains can be compared with each other as these strains share a very recent common ancestor.
- Published
- 2013
18. Comparative genomic and functional analysis of 100 Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains and their comparison with strain GG
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Douillard, F.P., Ribbera, A., Kant, R., Pietilä, T.E., Järvinen, H.M., Messing, M., Randazzo, C.L., Paulin, L., Laine, P.K., Ritari, J., Caggia, C., Lähteinen, T., Brouns, S.J.J., Satokari, R.M., von Ossowski, I., Reunanen, J., Palva, A., de Vos, W.M., Douillard, F.P., Ribbera, A., Kant, R., Pietilä, T.E., Järvinen, H.M., Messing, M., Randazzo, C.L., Paulin, L., Laine, P.K., Ritari, J., Caggia, C., Lähteinen, T., Brouns, S.J.J., Satokari, R.M., von Ossowski, I., Reunanen, J., Palva, A., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a lactic acid bacterium that is found in a large variety of ecological habitats, including artisanal and industrial dairy products, the oral cavity, intestinal tract or vagina. To gain insights into the genetic complexity and ecological versatility of the species L. rhamnosus, we examined the genomes and phenotypes of 100 L. rhamnosus strains isolated from diverse sources. The genomes of 100 L. rhamnosus strains were mapped onto the L. rhamnosus GG reference genome. These strains were phenotypically characterized for a wide range of metabolic, antagonistic, signalling and functional properties. Phylogenomic analysis showed multiple groupings of the species that could partly be associated with their ecological niches. We identified 17 highly variable regions that encode functions related to lifestyle, i.e. carbohydrate transport and metabolism, production of mucus-binding pili, bile salt resistance, prophages and CRISPR adaptive immunity. Integration of the phenotypic and genomic data revealed that some L. rhamnosus strains possibly resided in multiple niches, illustrating the dynamics of bacterial habitats. The present study showed two distinctive geno-phenotypes in the L. rhamnosus species. The geno-phenotype A suggests an adaptation to stable nutrient-rich niches, i.e. milk-derivative products, reflected by the alteration or loss of biological functions associated with antimicrobial activity spectrum, stress resistance, adaptability and fitness to a distinctive range of habitats. In contrast, the geno-phenotype B displays adequate traits to a variable environment, such as the intestinal tract, in terms of nutrient resources, bacterial population density and host effects
- Published
- 2013
19. Comparative genomic analysis of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reveals pili containing a human- mucus binding protein
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Kankainen, M., Paulin, L., Tynkkynen, S., von Ossowski, I., Reunanen, J., Partanen, P., Satokari, A., Vesterlund, S., Hendrickx, A.P., Lebeer, S., de Keersmaecker, S.C., Vanderleyden, J., Hämäläinen, T., Laukkanen, S., Salovuori, N., Ritari, J., Alatalo, E., Korpela, R., Mattila-Sandholm, T., Lassig, A., Hatakka, K., Kinnunen, K.T., Karjalainen, H., Saxelin, M., Laakso, K., Surakka, A., Palva, A., Salusjärvi, T., Auvinen, P., de Vos, W.M., Kankainen, M., Paulin, L., Tynkkynen, S., von Ossowski, I., Reunanen, J., Partanen, P., Satokari, A., Vesterlund, S., Hendrickx, A.P., Lebeer, S., de Keersmaecker, S.C., Vanderleyden, J., Hämäläinen, T., Laukkanen, S., Salovuori, N., Ritari, J., Alatalo, E., Korpela, R., Mattila-Sandholm, T., Lassig, A., Hatakka, K., Kinnunen, K.T., Karjalainen, H., Saxelin, M., Laakso, K., Surakka, A., Palva, A., Salusjärvi, T., Auvinen, P., and de Vos, W.M.
- Abstract
To unravel the biological function of the widely used probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, we compared its 3.0-Mbp genome sequence with the similarly sized genome of L. rhamnosus LC705, an adjunct starter culture exhibiting reduced binding to mucus. Both genomes demonstrated high sequence identity and synteny. However, for both strains, genomic islands, 5 in GG and 4 in LC705, punctuated the colinearity. A significant number of strain-specific genes were predicted in these islands (80 in GG and 72 in LC705). The GG-specific islands included genes coding for bacteriophage components, sugar metabolism and transport, and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. One island only found in L. rhamnosus GG contained genes for 3 secreted LPXTG-like pilins (spaCBA) and a pilin-dedicated sortase. Using anti-SpaC antibodies, the physical presence of cell wall-bound pili was confirmed by immunoblotting. Immunogold electron microscopy showed that the SpaC pilin is located at the pilus tip but also sporadically throughout the structure. Moreover, the adherence of strain GG to human intestinal mucus was blocked by SpaC antiserum and abolished in a mutant carrying an inactivated spaC gene. Similarly, binding to mucus was demonstrated for the purified SpaC protein. We conclude that the presence of SpaC is essential for the mucus interaction of L. rhamnosus GG and likely explains its ability to persist in the human intestinal tract longer than LC705 during an intervention trial. The presence of mucus-binding pili on the surface of a nonpathogenic Gram-positive bacterial strain reveals a previously undescribed mechanism for the interaction of selected probiotic lactobacilli with host tissues
- Published
- 2009
20. Enrichment of rare CFTR variants in Finnish patients with congenital chloride diarrhea.
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Wedenoja S, Ritari J, Partanen J, Kere J, and Kolho KL
- Subjects
- Humans, Finland, Female, Male, Sulfate Transporters genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Mutation, Case-Control Studies, Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator genetics, Diarrhea genetics, Diarrhea congenital, Metabolism, Inborn Errors genetics
- Abstract
Objective: The autosomal recessive disease congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD), caused by loss-of-function mutations in the solute carrier family 26 member 3 (SLC26A3) gene, shows association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it is unclear whether IBD risk is associated with genetic or immune signatures. SLC26A3 interacts with several ion transporters linked to intestinal inflammation, such as cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and solute carrier family 9 member 3 (SLC9A3) causing congenital sodium diarrhea. We hypothesized that other epithelial channels affecting intestinal salt balance might modulate CLD phenotype or IBD risk., Materials and Methods: We analyzed 495 gene variants within 33 ion transporters among 28 patients with CLD and 44,443 population controls., Results: We found three intronic variants at or near the CFTR locus (rs17132543, rs2283054 and rs76622533) showing statistically significant (P < 1.42x10-5) associations with CLD., Conclusions: These data demonstrate enrichment of rare variants at the CFTR locus in chromosomes harboring the Finnish founder mutation for CLD., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2025 Wedenoja et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2025
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21. Fecal microbiota and genetics in pediatric-onset orofacial granulomatosis and Crohn´s disease.
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Höyhtyä M, Haaramo A, Nikkonen A, Ventin-Holmberg R, Agrawal N, Ritari J, Hickman B, Partanen J, Alapulli H, Tuokkola J, Salonen A, de Vos WM, and Kolho KL
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Child, Adolescent, Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein genetics, Case-Control Studies, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics, Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex genetics, Saliva microbiology, Crohn Disease microbiology, Crohn Disease genetics, Granulomatosis, Orofacial genetics, Granulomatosis, Orofacial microbiology, Feces microbiology
- Abstract
Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition. It is under debate, whether it is a condition of its own or merely a subtype of Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to search for markers characteristic of patients with pediatric-onset OFG compared to patients with pediatric-onset CD. We recruited young patients with OFG (with or without CD, n = 29), CD (n = 24), and healthy controls (n = 20). All participants provided a fecal sample for microbiota and calprotectin analyses and saliva for DNA analysis of genes associated with OFG and kept a 3-day food diary. Oral disease activity was evaluated using The Oral Disease Activity Score by an otorhinolaryngologist and a dentist. We observed decreased relative abundance in class Clostridia and increased relative abundances of classes Actinobacteria and Bacilli in the feces of patients with OFG when compared to patients with CD and healthy controls. The relative abundances of Bifidobacterium adolescentis increased and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased along with the increase in the Oral Disease Activity Score. We found the NOD2 gene rs8057341 allele A to be enriched in patients with OFG compared to patients with CD. These findings support the theory that OFG is a distinct disease phenotype., Competing Interests: Competing interests: K-L.K. has received consultancy fees from AbbVie, Biocodex and Tillotts Pharma. The other authors report none., (© 2025. The Author(s).)
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- 2025
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22. Inherited infertility: Mapping loci associated with impaired female reproduction.
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Ruotsalainen S, Karjalainen J, Kurki M, Lahtela E, Pirinen M, Riikonen J, Ritari J, Tammi S, Partanen J, Laivuori H, Palotie A, Heyne H, Daly M, and Widen E
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Finland, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Gene Frequency, Adult, Animals, Checkpoint Kinase 2 genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Mutation, Chromosome Mapping, Homozygote, Mice, Cohort Studies, Genetic Loci, Infertility, Female genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study
- Abstract
Female infertility is a common and complex health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. While multiple factors can contribute to this condition, the underlying cause remains elusive in up to 15%-30% of affected individuals. In our large genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 22,849 women with infertility and 198,989 control individuals from the Finnish population cohort FinnGen, we unveil a landscape of genetic factors associated with the disorder. Our recessive analysis identified a low-frequency stop-gained mutation in TATA-box binding protein-like 2 (TBPL2; c.895A>T [p.Arg299Ter]; minor-allele frequency [MAF] = 1.2%) with an impact comparable to highly penetrant monogenic mutations (odds ratio [OR] = 650, p = 4.1 × 10
-25 ). While previous studies have linked the orthologous gene to anovulation and sterility in knockout mice, the severe consequence of the p.Arg299Ter variant was evidenced by individuals carrying two copies of that variant having significantly fewer offspring (average of 0.16) compared to women belonging to the other genotype groups (average of 1.75 offspring, p = 1.4 × 10-15 ). Notably, all homozygous women who had given birth had received infertility therapy. Moreover, our age-stratified analyses identified three additional genome-wide significant loci. Two loci were associated with early-onset infertility (diagnosed before age 30), located near CHEK2 and within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. The third locus, associated with late-onset infertility, had its lead SNP located in an intron of a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene. Taken together, our data highlight the significance of rare recessive alleles in shaping female infertility risk. The results further provide evidence supporting specific age-dependent mechanisms underlying this complex disorder., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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23. Effect of NK cell receptor genetic variation on allogeneic stem cell transplantation outcome and in vitro NK cell cytotoxicity.
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Nihtilä J, Penna L, Salmenniemi U, Itälä-Remes M, Crossland RE, Gallardo D, Bogunia-Kubik K, Lacina P, Bieniaszewska M, Giebel S, Karjalainen K, Jahan F, Kerkelä E, Hyvärinen K, Koskela S, Ritari J, and Partanen J
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Genetic Variation, Young Adult, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute genetics, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute therapy, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute immunology, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Killer Cells, Natural metabolism, Receptors, Natural Killer Cell genetics, Receptors, Natural Killer Cell metabolism, Graft vs Host Disease genetics, Graft vs Host Disease immunology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Transplantation, Homologous
- Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and may kill malignant cells via their cell surface receptors. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genotypes of donors have been reported to adjust the risk of relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. To test whether non-KIR NK cell receptors have a similar effect, we screened 1,638 genetic polymorphisms in 21 non-KIR NK cell receptor genes for their associations with relapse and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after HSCT in 1,491 HSCT donors (from Finland, the UK, Spain, and Poland), divided into a discovery and replication cohort. Eleven polymorphisms regulating or located in CD226, CD244, FCGR3A, KLRD1, NCR3, and PVRIG were associated with the risks for relapse and GVHD. These associations could not be confirmed in the replication cohort. Blood donor NK cells carrying alleles showing genetic protection for relapse had a higher in vitro NK cell killing activity than non-carriers whereas those with alleles genetically protective for GVHD had lower cytotoxicity, potentially indicating functional effects. Taken together, these results show no robust effects of genetic variation in the tested non-KIR NK cell receptors on the outcome of HSCT., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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24. A deep learning approach to prediction of blood group antigens from genomic data.
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Moslemi C, Sækmose S, Larsen R, Brodersen T, Bay JT, Didriksen M, Nielsen KR, Bruun MT, Dowsett J, Dinh KM, Mikkelsen C, Hyvärinen K, Ritari J, Partanen J, Ullum H, Erikstrup C, Ostrowski SR, Olsson ML, and Pedersen OB
- Subjects
- Humans, Blood Donors, Finland, Genomics methods, Denmark, Female, Male, Genotype, Neural Networks, Computer, Deep Learning, Blood Group Antigens genetics
- Abstract
Background: Deep learning methods are revolutionizing natural science. In this study, we aim to apply such techniques to develop blood type prediction models based on cheap to analyze and easily scalable screening array genotyping platforms., Methods: Combining existing blood types from blood banks and imputed screening array genotypes for ~111,000 Danish and 1168 Finnish blood donors, we used deep learning techniques to train and validate blood type prediction models for 36 antigens in 15 blood group systems. To account for missing genotypes a denoising autoencoder initial step was utilized, followed by a convolutional neural network blood type classifier., Results: Two thirds of the trained blood type prediction models demonstrated an F1-accuracy above 99%. Models for antigens with low or high frequencies like, for example, C
w , low training cohorts like, for example, Cob , or very complicated genetic underpinning like, for example, RhD, proved to be more challenging for high accuracy (>99%) DL modeling. However, in the Danish cohort only 4 out of 36 models (Cob , Cw , D-weak, Kpa ) failed to achieve a prediction F1-accuracy above 97%. This high predictive performance was replicated in the Finnish cohort., Discussion: High accuracy in a variety of blood groups proves viability of deep learning-based blood type prediction using array chip genotypes, even in blood groups with nontrivial genetic underpinnings. These techniques are suitable for aiding in identifying blood donors with rare blood types by greatly narrowing down the potential pool of candidate donors before clinical grade confirmation., (© 2024 The Author(s). Transfusion published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of AABB.)- Published
- 2024
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25. Disease associations of natural killer (NK) cell KIR gene content variation in 352,783 Finns.
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Ritari J, Koskela S, Hyvärinen K, FinnGen, Ollila H, and Partanen J
- Subjects
- Humans, Finland, Alleles, HLA-C Antigens genetics, Phenotype, Male, Genotype, Female, Cohort Studies, Registries, Genetic Association Studies, Receptors, KIR genetics, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Abstract
Allelic, gene presence/absence, and gene-copy number variations in the KIR genes encoding Natural Killer (NK) cell surface receptors have been reported to be associated in case-control studies with infectious and autoimmune diseases, and relapse after stem cell transplantation. To understand more comprehensively the role of KIR gene presence/absence variation and HLA-KIR interactions in disease susceptibility, we imputed from genome SNP data the presence and absence of 10 KIR genes in the FinnGen cohort. The cohort consists of 352,783 Finns with extensive phenotypes from the national health registries. We tested associations between 762 FinnGen phenotypes and presence/absence variation based on imputation of KIR genes using 5,900 SNPs located in the KIR genomic segment. Our results provide a platform to query HLA-KIR associations in a large population cohort. We found 13 phenotype - KIR gene or KIR - HLA C combination associations with false discovery rate < 0.05. These results differ from the very high number of associations between HLA alleles and diseases reported earlier in the FinnGen cohort. Five of the 13 significant associations included malignant phenotypes, e.g., melanoma, thyroid gland neoplasm, and haematopoietic malignancy, supporting the essential role of NK cells in controlling malignancy., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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26. Female reproductive tract microbiota varies with MHC profile.
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Leclaire S, Bandekar M, Rowe M, Ritari J, Jokiniemi A, Partanen J, Allinen P, Kuusipalo L, and Kekäläinen J
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Vagina microbiology, Adult, Follicular Fluid microbiology, Microbiota, Major Histocompatibility Complex genetics
- Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that a healthy reproductive tract microbiota is crucial for successful reproduction and that its composition is influenced by various environmental and host factors. However, it is not known whether the reproductive microbiota is also shaped by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a family of genes essential to differentiate 'self' from 'non-self' peptides to initiate an adaptive immune response. We tested the association between the follicular fluid microbiome and MHC genes in 27 women. Women with higher MHC diversity had a higher microbiome diversity, characterized by bacteria commonly associated with vaginal dysbiosis. Women with similar MHC genes were also similar in their microbiome composition, indicating that MHC composition may be a key factor in determining the bacterial assemblage in the reproductive tract. Finally, the composition of the follicular fluid microbiome was similar to the vaginal microbiome, suggesting that numerous bacteria of the vagina are true inhabitants of the follicular fluid or that vaginal microbiota contaminated the follicular fluid microbiota during transvaginal collection. Collectively, our results demonstrate the importance of host genetic factors in shaping women's reproductive microbiota and they open the door for further research on the role of microbiota in mediating MHC-related variation in reproductive success.
- Published
- 2024
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27. Accurate multi-population imputation of MICA, MICB, HLA-E, HLA-F and HLA-G alleles from genome SNP data.
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Tammi S, Koskela S, Hyvärinen K, Partanen J, and Ritari J
- Subjects
- Humans, Genome, Human genetics, HLA-E Antigens, Computational Biology methods, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I genetics, Alleles
- Abstract
In addition to the classical HLA genes, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) harbors a high number of other polymorphic genes with less established roles in disease associations and transplantation matching. To facilitate studies of the non-classical and non-HLA genes in large patient and biobank cohorts, we trained imputation models for MICA, MICB, HLA-E, HLA-F and HLA-G alleles on genome SNP array data. We show, using both population-specific and multi-population 1000 Genomes references, that the alleles of these genes can be accurately imputed for screening and research purposes. The best imputation model for MICA, MICB, HLA-E, -F and -G achieved a mean accuracy of 99.3% (min, max: 98.6, 99.9). Furthermore, validation of the 1000 Genomes exome short-read sequencing-based allele calling against a clinical-grade reference data showed an average accuracy of 99.8%, testifying for the quality of the 1000 Genomes data as an imputation reference. We also fitted the models for Infinium Global Screening Array (GSA, Illumina, Inc.) and Axiom Precision Medicine Research Array (PMRA, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) SNP content, with mean accuracies of 99.1% (97.2, 100) and 98.9% (97.4, 100), respectively., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Tammi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2024
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28. Autoimmune hypothyroidism GWAS reveals independent autoimmune and thyroid-specific contributions and an inverse relation with cancer risk.
- Author
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Reeve M, Kanai M, Graham D, Karjalainen J, Luo S, Kolosov N, Adams C, Ritari J, Karczewski K, Kiiskinen T, Fuller Z, Mehtonen J, Kurki M, Khan Z, Partanen J, McCarthy M, Artomov M, Tuomi T, Pirinen M, Kero J, Xavier R, Daly M, Ripatti S, and Gen F
- Abstract
The high prevalence of autoimmune hypothyroidism (AIHT) - more than 5% in human populations - provides a unique opportunity to unlock the most complete picture to date of genetic loci that underlie systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity. Using a meta-analysis of 81,718 AIHT cases in FinnGen and the UK Biobank, we dissect associations along axes of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity. This largest-to-date scan of hypothyroidism identifies 418 independent associations (p < 5×10
- 8 ), more than half of which have not previously been documented in thyroid disease. In 48 of these, a protein-coding variant is the lead SNP or is highly correlated (r2 > 0.95) with the lead SNP at the locus, including low-frequency coding variants at LAG3, ZAP70, TG, TNFSF11, IRF3, S1PR4, HABP2, ZNF429 as well as established variants at ADCY7, IFIH1 and TYK2 . The variants at LAG3 (P67T), ZAP70 (T155M), and TG (Q655X) are highly enriched in Finland and functional experiments in T-cells demonstrate that the ZAP70 :T155M allele reduces T-cell activation. By employing a large-scale scan of non-thyroid autoimmunity and a published meta-analysis of TSH levels, we use a Bayesian classifier to dissect the associated loci into distinct groupings and from this estimate, a significant proportion are involved in systemic (i.e., general to multiple autoimmune conditions) autoimmunity (34%) and another subset in thyroid-specific dysfunction (17%). By comparing these association results further to other common disease endpoints, we identify a noteworthy overlap with skin cancer, with 10% of AIHT loci showing a consistent but opposite pattern of association where alleles that increase the risk of hypothyroidism have protective effects for skin cancer. The association results, including genes encoding checkpoint inhibitors and other genes affecting protein levels of PD1, bolster the causal role of natural variation in autoimmunity influencing cancer outcomes., Competing Interests: Additional Declarations: Yes there is potential Competing Interest. M.J.D. is a founder of Maze Therapeutics C.A., Z.K. and M.M. are employees of Genentech- Published
- 2024
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29. Oral and non-oral lichen planus show genetic heterogeneity and differential risk for autoimmune disease and oral cancer.
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Reeve MP, Vehviläinen M, Luo S, Ritari J, Karjalainen J, Gracia-Tabuenca J, Mehtonen J, Padmanabhuni SS, Kolosov N, Artomov M, Siirtola H, Olilla HM, Graham D, Partanen J, Xavier RJ, Daly MJ, Ripatti S, Salo T, and Siponen M
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Genetic Heterogeneity, Middle Aged, Lichen Planus genetics, Lichen Planus pathology, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Aged, Adult, Risk Factors, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Autoimmune Diseases genetics, Lichen Planus, Oral genetics, Lichen Planus, Oral pathology, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mouth Neoplasms genetics, Mouth Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease affecting squamous epithelia in many parts of the body, most often the skin and oral mucosa. Cutaneous LP is usually transient and oral LP (OLP) is most often chronic, so we performed a large-scale genetic and epidemiological study of LP to address whether the oral and non-oral subgroups have shared or distinct underlying pathologies and their overlap with autoimmune disease. Using lifelong records covering diagnoses, procedures, and clinic identity from 473,580 individuals in the FinnGen study, genome-wide association analyses were conducted on carefully constructed subcategories of OLP (n = 3,323) and non-oral LP (n = 4,356) and on the combined group. We identified 15 genome-wide significant associations in FinnGen and an additional 12 when meta-analyzed with UKBB (27 independent associations at 25 distinct genomic locations), most of which are shared between oral and non-oral LP. Many associations coincide with known autoimmune disease loci, consistent with the epidemiologic enrichment of LP with hypothyroidism and other autoimmune diseases. Notably, a third of the FinnGen associations demonstrate significant differences between OLP and non-OLP. We also observed a 13.6-fold risk for tongue cancer and an elevated risk for other oral cancers in OLP, in agreement with earlier reports that connect LP with higher cancer incidence. In addition to a large-scale dissection of LP genetics and comorbidities, our study demonstrates the use of comprehensive, multidimensional health registry data to address outstanding clinical questions and reveal underlying biological mechanisms in common but understudied diseases., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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30. Donor genetic determinant of thymopoiesis, rs2204985, and stem cell transplantation outcome in a multipopulation cohort.
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Nihtilä J, Salmenniemi U, Itälä-Remes M, Crossland RE, Gallardo D, Bogunia-Kubik K, Łacina P, Bieniaszewska M, Giebel S, Hyvärinen K, Kekäläinen E, Ritari J, and Partanen J
- Subjects
- Humans, Adult, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Cohort Studies, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genotype, Tissue Donors, Stem Cell Transplantation, Aged, Young Adult, Adolescent, Poland, Treatment Outcome, Spain, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, United Kingdom, Thymus Gland
- Abstract
Background: A genetic polymorphism, rs2204985, has been reported to be associated with the diversity of T-cell antigen receptor repertoire and TREC levels, reflecting the function of the thymus. As the thymus function can be assumed to be an important factor regulating the outcome of stem cell transplantation (SCT), it was of great interest that rs2204985 showed a genetic association to disease-free and overall survival in a German SCT donor cohort. Tools to predict the outcome of SCT more accurately would help in risk assessment and patient safety., Objective: To evaluate the general validity of the original genetic association found in the German cohort, we determined genetic associations between rs2204985 and the outcome of SCT in 1,473 SCT donors from four different populations., Study Design: Genetic associations between rs2204985 genotype AA versus AG/GG and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in 1,473 adult, allogeneic SCT from Finland, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Poland were performed using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. We adjusted the survival models with covariates using Cox regression., Results: In unrelated SCT donors (N = 425), the OS of genotype AA versus AG/GG had a trend for a similar association (p = 0.049, log-rank test) as previously reported in the German cohort. The trend did not remain significant in the Cox regression analysis with covariates. No other associations were found., Conclusion: Weak support for the genetic association between rs2204985, previously also associated with thymus function, and the outcome of SCT could be found in a cohort from four populations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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31. A machine-learning method for biobank-scale genetic prediction of blood group antigens.
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Hyvärinen K, Haimila K, Moslemi C, Biobank BS, Olsson ML, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OB, Erikstrup C, Partanen J, and Ritari J
- Subjects
- Humans, Biological Specimen Banks, Blood Grouping and Crossmatching, Genotype, Blood Transfusion, Blood Group Antigens genetics, Antigens, Human Platelet genetics
- Abstract
A key element for successful blood transfusion is compatibility of the patient and donor red blood cell (RBC) antigens. Precise antigen matching reduces the risk for immunization and other adverse transfusion outcomes. RBC antigens are encoded by specific genes, which allows developing computational methods for determining antigens from genomic data. We describe here a classification method for determining RBC antigens from genotyping array data. Random forest models for 39 RBC antigens in 14 blood group systems and for human platelet antigen (HPA)-1 were trained and tested using genotype and RBC antigen and HPA-1 typing data available for 1,192 blood donors in the Finnish Blood Service Biobank. The algorithm and models were further evaluated using a validation cohort of 111,667 Danish blood donors. In the Finnish test data set, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) balanced accuracy for 39 models was 99.9 (98.9-100)%. We were able to replicate 34 out of 39 Finnish models in the Danish cohort and the median (IQR) balanced accuracy for classifications was 97.1 (90.1-99.4)%. When applying models trained with the Danish cohort, the median (IQR) balanced accuracy for the 40 Danish models in the Danish test data set was 99.3 (95.1-99.8)%. The RBC antigen and HPA-1 prediction models demonstrated high overall accuracies suitable for probabilistic determination of blood groups and HPA-1 at biobank-scale. Furthermore, population-specific training cohort increased the accuracies of the models. This stand-alone and freely available method is applicable for research and screening for antigen-negative blood donors., Competing Interests: I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: M.L.O. is an inventor on patents about Vel blood group genotyping (unrelated to the methods and models presented in this study) and owns 50% each of the shares in BLUsang AB, an incorporated consulting firm, which receives royalties for said patents. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Hyvärinen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2024
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32. Blood donor biobank as a resource in personalised biomedical genetic research.
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Clancy J, Ritari J, Vaittinen E, Arvas M, Tammi S, Koskela S, and Partanen J
- Abstract
Health questionnaires and donation criteria result in accumulation of highly selected individuals in a blood donor population. To understand better the usefulness of a blood donor-based biobank in personalised disease-associated genetic studies, and for possible personalised blood donation policies, we evaluated the occurrence and distributions of common and rare disease-associated genetic variants in Finnish Blood Service Biobank. We analysed among 31,880 blood donors the occurrence and geographical distribution of (i) 53 rare Finnish-enriched disease-associated variants, (ii) mutations assumed to influence blood donation: four Bernard-Soulier syndrome and two hemochromatosis mutations, (iii) type I diabetes risk genotype HLA-DQ2/DQ8. In addition, we analysed the level of consanguinity in Blood Service Biobank. 80.3% of blood donors carried at least one (range 0-9 per donor) of the rare variants, many in homozygous form, as well. Donors carrying multiple rare variants were enriched in Eastern Finland. Haemochromatosis mutation HFE C282Y homozygosity was 43.8% higher than expected, whereas mutations leading to Bernard-Soulier thrombocytopenia were rare. The frequency of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotype was slightly lower than expected. First-degree consanguinity was higher in Blood Service Biobank than in the general population. We demonstrate that despite donor selection, the Blood Service Biobank is a valuable resource for personalised medical research and for genotype-selected samples from unaffected individuals. The geographical genetic substructure of Finland enables efficient recruitment of donors carrying rare variants. Furthermore, we show that blood donor biobank material can be utilised for personalised blood donation policies., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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33. MICA and MICB allele assortment in Finland.
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Koskela S, Tammi S, Clancy J, Lucas JAM, Turner TR, Hyvärinen K, Ritari J, and Partanen J
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- Humans, Alleles, Finland, Gene Frequency, Haplotypes, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic
- Abstract
Genetic variation in the MICA and MICB genes located within the major histocompatibility complex region has been reported to be associated with transplantation outcome and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases and infections. Only limited data of polymorphism in these genes in different populations are available. We here report allelic variation at 2-field resolution and the haplotypes of the MICA and MICB genes in Finland (n = 1032 individuals), a north European population with historical bottleneck and founder effects. Altogether 24 MICA and 18 MICB alleles were found, forming 70 estimated MICA-MICB haplotypes. As compared to other populations frequency differences were found, for example, MICA*010:01 was found to be at an allele frequency of 0.133 in Finland which is higher than in other European populations (0.021-0.077), but close to Asian populations (0.151-0.220). Three novel alleles with amino acid change are described. The results demonstrate a relatively high level of polymorphism and population differences in MICA and MICB allele distribution., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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34. Clinically relevant germline variants in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.
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Lahtinen AK, Koski J, Ritari J, Hyvärinen K, Koskela S, Partanen J, Vettenranta K, Koskenvuo M, Niittyvuopio R, Salmenniemi U, Itälä-Remes M, Jahnukainen K, Kilpivaara O, and Wartiovaara-Kautto U
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Child, Transplantation, Homologous adverse effects, Hematologic Diseases, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects
- Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) provides patients with severe hematologic disease a well-established potential for curation. Incorporation of germline analyses in the workup of HSCT patients is not a common practice. Recognizing rare harmful germline variants may however affect patients' pre-transplantation care, choice of the stem cell donor, and complication risks. We analyzed a population-based series of germline exome data of 432 patients who had undergone HSCT. Our aim was to identify clinically relevant variants that may challenge the outcome of the HSCT. We focused on genes predisposing to hematological diseases, or solid tumors, and genes included in the American College of Medical Genetics secondary findings list v3.0. As population-specific controls, we used GnomAD non-cancer Finns (n = 10,816). We identified in our population-based analysis rare harmful germline variants in disease-predisposing or actionable toxicity-increasing genes in 17.8% of adult and pediatric patients that have undergone HSCT (15.1% and 22.9%, respectively). More than half of the patients with a family member as a donor had not received genetic diagnosis prior to the HSCT. Our results encourage clinicians to incorporate germline genetic testing in the HSCT protocol in the future in order to reach optimal long-term outcome for the patients., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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35. Blood donor biobank and HLA imputation as a resource for HLA homozygous cells for therapeutic and research use.
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Clancy J, Hyvärinen K, Ritari J, Wahlfors T, Partanen J, and Koskela S
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- Genetic Markers, HLA-A Antigens genetics, Homozygote, Humans, Biological Specimen Banks, Blood Donors
- Abstract
Background: Allogeneic therapeutic cells may be rejected if they express HLA alleles not found in the recipient. As finding cell donors with a full HLA match to a recipient requires vast donor pools, the use of HLA homozygous cells has been suggested as an alternative. HLA homozygous cells should be well tolerated by those who carry at least one copy of donor HLA alleles. HLA-A-B homozygotes could be valuable for HLA-matched thrombocyte products. We evaluated the feasibility of blood donor biobank and HLA imputation for the identification of potential cell donors homozygous for HLA alleles., Methods: We imputed HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1 and -DPB1 alleles from genotypes of 20,737 Finnish blood donors in the Blood Service Biobank. We confirmed homozygosity by sequencing HLA alleles in 30 samples and by examining 36,161 MHC-located polymorphic DNA markers., Results: Three hundred and seventeen individuals (1.5%), representing 41 different haplotypes, were found to be homozygous for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles. Ten most frequent haplotypes homozygous for HLA-A to -DQB1 were HLA-compatible with 49.5%, and three most frequent homozygotes to 30.4% of the Finnish population. Ten most frequent HLA-A-B homozygotes were compatible with 75.3%, and three most frequent haplotypes to 42.6% of the Finnish population. HLA homozygotes had a low level of heterozygosity in MHC-located DNA markers, in particular in HLA haplotypes enriched in Finland., Conclusions: The present study shows that HLA imputation in a blood donor biobank of reasonable size can be used to identify HLA homozygous blood donors suitable for cell therapy, HLA-typed thrombocytes and research. The homozygotes were HLA-compatible with a large fraction of the Finnish population. Regular blood donors reported to have positive attitude to research donation appear a good option for these purposes. Differences in population frequencies of HLA haplotypes emphasize the need for population-specific collections of HLA homozygous samples., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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36. HLA-disease association and pleiotropy landscape in over 235,000 Finns.
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Ritari J, Koskela S, Hyvärinen K, FinnGen, and Partanen J
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- Alleles, Finland, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, HLA-DQ alpha-Chains genetics, HLA-DQ beta-Chains genetics, HLA-DRB1 Chains genetics, Haplotypes, Humans, Autoimmune Diseases genetics, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I genetics
- Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the single most important genetic susceptibility factor for many autoimmune diseases and immunological traits. For systematic population-level analysis of HLA-phenotype association landscape we imputed the alleles of classical HLA genes in a discovery cohort of 146,630 and replication cohort of 89,340 Finns of whom SNP genotype data and 3,355 disease phenotypes were available as part of the FinnGen project. In total, 3,649 statistically significant single HLA allele associations in 368 phenotypes were found. Known susceptibility associations clearly dominated the landscape but we discovered also a few previously poorly established HLA associations such as DQA1*01:03 and DQB1*06:03 with mental and behavioural disorders due to cannabinoids (p-value = 10
-5 ; beta = 0.6). As certain HLAs were found to be involved in both autoimmune and infectious diseases, we studied further the independence of their associations and statistical pleiotropy. We found that altogether 11 shared HLA alleles were associated independently with both autoimmune and infectious diseases. The most prominent of these were DQA1*03:01 and DQB1*03:02 both of which associated with three infectious and three autoimmune phenotypes. All the shared HLAs showed risk effects in both disease groups, suggesting that infections can increase the risk for autoimmune diseases. The population-level landscape analysis is an excellent resource for estimating the contribution and genetic models of HLA genes in many different phenotypes and for fine-mapping primary associations., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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37. Sperm Physiological Response to Female Serum-Potential New Insights into the Reproductive Incompatibility Diagnostics.
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Łukasiewicz A, Huhta K, Ritari J, Peräsaari J, Allinen P, Malinen M, Jokiniemi A, Turunen T, Partanen J, and Kekäläinen J
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- Female, Germ Cells, Humans, Male, Reproduction, Spermatozoa physiology, Infertility, Sperm Motility
- Abstract
Infertility is assumed to arise exclusively from male- and female-dependent pathological factors. However, recent studies have indicated that reproductive failure may also result from the reproductive incompatibility of the partners. Selection against such incompatibilities likely occurs via female-derived reproductive secretions, including follicular fluid (FF), that mediate gamete-level mate choice towards the sperm of specific males. To facilitate potential development of diagnostic tests for human reproductive incompatibility, we examined whether sperm physiological response to female serum indicate male-female compatibility in the presence of FF. We performed a full-factorial experiment, in which the sperm of 10 males were treated with the FF and serum of 6 healthy females. We found that sperm motility and viability in both biofluids were highly similar and that in 70% of the males, sperm serum treatment predicted male-female compatibility. We also identified male human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and female (FF and serum) anti-HLA antibodies and tested whether the number of allele-antibody matches predict sperm physiological response to female fluids. However, no association was found between measured sperm traits and the number of allele-antibody matches. Overall, the present results may open novel possibilities for the future development of reproductive incompatibility tests and may pave the way towards more accurate infertility diagnostics and treatments.
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- 2022
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38. KIR gene content imputation from single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the Finnish population.
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Ritari J, Hyvärinen K, Partanen J, and Koskela S
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- Humans, Finland, Receptors, KIR genetics, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics, DNA Copy Number Variations
- Abstract
The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene cluster on chromosome 19 encodes cell surface glycoproteins that bind class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules as well as some other ligands. Through regulation of natural killer (NK) cell activity KIRs participate in tumour surveillance and clearing viral infections. KIR gene gene copy number variation associates with the outcome of transplantations and susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. Inferring KIR gene content from genetic variant data is therefore desirable for immunogenetic analysis, particularly in the context of growing biobank genome data collections that rely on genotyping by microarray. Here we describe a stand-alone and freely available gene content imputation for 12 KIR genes. The models were trained using 807 Finnish biobank samples genotyped for 5900 KIR-region SNPs and analysed for KIR gene content with targeted sequencing. Cross-validation results demonstrate a high mean overall accuracy of 98.5% (95% CI [97.0-99.2]%) which compares favourably with previous methods including short-read sequencing based approaches., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2022 Ritari et al.)
- Published
- 2022
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39. Genomic convergence between Akkermansia muciniphila in different mammalian hosts.
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Geerlings SY, Ouwerkerk JP, Koehorst JJ, Ritari J, Aalvink S, Stecher B, Schaap PJ, Paulin L, de Vos WM, and Belzer C
- Subjects
- Akkermansia classification, Akkermansia genetics, Akkermansia isolation & purification, Akkermansia metabolism, Animals, Feces microbiology, Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology, Genetic Variation, Genomics, Humans, Mammals classification, Mice, Mucins metabolism, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Verrucomicrobia classification, Verrucomicrobia genetics, Verrucomicrobia isolation & purification, Genome, Bacterial genetics, Mammals microbiology
- Abstract
Background: Akkermansia muciniphila is a member of the human gut microbiota where it resides in the mucus layer and uses mucin as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy source. A. muciniphila is the only representative of the Verrucomicrobia phylum in the human gut. However, A. muciniphila 16S rRNA gene sequences have also been found in the intestines of many vertebrates., Results: We detected A. muciniphila-like bacteria in the intestines of animals belonging to 15 out of 16 mammalian orders. In addition, other species belonging to the Verrucomicrobia phylum were detected in fecal samples. We isolated 10 new A. muciniphila strains from the feces of chimpanzee, siamang, mouse, pig, reindeer, horse and elephant. The physiology and genome of these strains were highly similar in comparison to the type strain A. muciniphila Muc
T . Overall, the genomes of the new strains showed high average nucleotide identity (93.9 to 99.7%). In these genomes, we detected considerable conservation of at least 75 of the 78 mucin degradation genes that were previously detected in the genome of the type strain MucT ., Conclusions: The low genomic divergence observed in the new strains may indicate that A. muciniphila favors mucosal colonization independent of the differences in hosts. In addition, the conserved mucus degradation capability points towards a similar beneficial role of the new strains in regulating host metabolic health., (© 2021. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2021
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40. HLA-DQ and HLA-DRB1 alleles associated with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in Finnish pediatric population: a genome-wide association study.
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Koskela M, Nihtilä J, Ylinen E, Kolho KL, Nuutinen M, Ritari J, and Jahnukainen T
- Subjects
- Alleles, Child, Finland, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Haplotypes, Humans, HLA-DQ Antigens genetics, HLA-DRB1 Chains genetics, IgA Vasculitis genetics, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Nephritis genetics
- Abstract
Background: The pathophysiology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is still unclear, but several findings suggest that genetic factors may influence disease susceptibility. We aimed to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in pediatric HSP patients with an emphasis on severe HSP nephritis., Methods: The study included 46 HSP patients, 42 of whom had undergone kidney biopsy. Forty-nine pediatric patients with an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) served as an autoimmune disease control group while Finnish bone marrow and blood donors represented the general reference population (n = 18,757). GWAS was performed for HSP and IBD samples in a case-control manner against the reference population. The analysis also included imputation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles., Results: GWAS analysis in HSP revealed several polymorphisms from the HLA region that surpassed the genome-wide significance level. Three HLA class II alleles were also significantly more frequent in HSP than in the reference population: DQA1*01:01, DQB1*05:01, and DRB1*01:01. Haplotype DQA1*01:01/DQB1*05:01/DRB1*01:01 occurred in 43.5% of HSP patients, whereas its frequency was 8.2% in IBD patients and 15.0% in the reference population. HSP patients with this haplotype showed similar baseline clinical findings and outcome as HSP patients negative for the haplotype. In IBD patients, no polymorphism or HLA allele appeared significant at the genome-wide level., Conclusions: Our results suggest that haplotype DQA1*01:01/DQB1*05:01/DRB1*01:01 is associated with susceptibility to HSP, but not with the severity of the kidney involvement. These HLA associations did not occur in IBD patients, suggesting that they are specific to HSP and not related to susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in general.
- Published
- 2021
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41. Structural dissimilarity of partners' immune genes increases sperm viability in women's reproductive tract.
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Magris M, Jokiniemi A, Kuusipalo L, Ritari J, Koskela S, Partanen J, and Kekäläinen J
- Subjects
- Alleles, Female, Germ Cells, Humans, Male, Reproduction genetics, Spermatozoa
- Abstract
Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genes appear to mediate pre- and post-copulatory mate choice towards HLA-dissimilar ('compatible') partners. However, since genetically distinct alleles often have similar immunogenic properties, genetic dissimilarity is not necessarily an accurate predictor of the functional compatibility of HLA alleles and, hence, may not reflect partners' true compatibility. Furthermore, it has remained unclear whether other genes of the immune system could also play a role in male-female compatibility. We studied whether the immunoglobulin binding regions (eplets) of HLA molecules and the immunoglobulin structural dissimilarity of the partners affect their gamete-level compatibility. We exposed sperm of multiple men to follicular fluid or cervical mucus of multiple women and tested whether sperm viability in these reproductive secretions was influenced by HLA eplet and immunoglobulin structural dissimilarity between partners. We found that eplet dissimilarity positively affects sperm viability in follicular fluid, whereas immunoglobulin dissimilarity enhanced sperm viability in cervical mucus. Together, these findings indicate that structural characteristics of both HLA alleles and immunoglobulins may facilitate cryptic female choice towards immunologically compatible partners. Our results, thus, indicate that partners' genetic compatibility may have wider immunological basis than traditionally has been assumed. Relative contribution of different immunogenetic factors to overall compatibility of the reproductive partners needs to be clarified in future studies., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Evolutionary Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society for Evolutionary Biology.)
- Published
- 2021
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42. Selection and characterization of a SpaCBA pilus-secreting food-grade derivative of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG.
- Author
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Tytgat HLP, Rasinkangas P, Ritari J, Reunanen J, Aalvink S, Lin CW, Palva A, Douillard FP, and de Vos WM
- Subjects
- Bacterial Proteins genetics, Fimbriae Proteins, Fimbriae, Bacterial genetics, Humans, Mucus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus genetics, Probiotics
- Abstract
Many studies have established the functional properties of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, previously known as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, marketed worldwide as a probiotic. The extraordinary capacity of L. rhamnosus GG to bind to human mucus and influence the immune system especially stand out. Earlier, we have shown the key role of its SpaCBA sortase-dependent pili encoded by the spaCBA-srtC1 gene cluster herein. These heterotrimeric pili consist of a shaft pilin SpaA, a basal pilin SpaB, and tip pilin SpaC that contains a mucus-binding domain. Here, we set out to characterize a food-grade non-GMO mutant of L. rhamnosus GG, strain PA11, which secretes its pilins, rather than coupling them to the cell surface, due to a defect in the housekeeping sortase A. The sortase-negative strain PA11 was extensively characterized using functional genomics and biochemical approaches and found to secrete the SpaCBA pili into the supernatant. Given the functional importance and uniqueness of the mucus-binding pili of L. rhamnosus GG, strain PA11 offers novel opportunities towards the characterization and further therapeutic application of SpaCBA pili and their low-cost, large-scale production. KEY POINTS: •Creation of pilus-secreting mutant (PA11) of the key probiotic LGG. •Strain PA11 is defective in a functional housekeeping sortase SrtA. •Strain PA11 opens novel biotherapeutic application avenues. Graphical abstract.
- Published
- 2021
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43. Gamete-level immunogenetic incompatibility in humans-towards deeper understanding of fertilization and infertility?
- Author
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Jokiniemi A, Kuusipalo L, Ritari J, Koskela S, Partanen J, and Kekäläinen J
- Subjects
- Female, Fertilization genetics, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Models, Genetic, Germ Cells immunology, Immunogenetics, Infertility, Spermatozoa immunology
- Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) immune genes play an important role in partner selection, but it has remained unclear if nonrandom pairing with respect to parental HLA genes could occur at the level of the gametes. We tested this possibility by investigating whether the sperm fertilization competence in humans is dependent on HLA genotype combination of the partners. We conducted a full-factorial experiment, in which the sperm physiological preparation for fertilization among multiple males was studied in the presence of follicular fluid (oocyte surrounding bioactive liquid) of several females. All the studied sperm pre-fertilization physiological parameters (motility, hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, and viability) were strongly dependent on male-female combination. In other words, follicular fluids (women) that induce strong sperm physiological response in some males often induce much weaker response in the other(s). Sperm physiological responses were stronger in HLA-dissimilar male-female pairs than in HLA-similar combinations, but none of the measured sperm traits were associated with genome-wide similarity. Together, these findings shed new light on the evolutionary and immunological mechanisms of fertilization. Furthermore, our results raise an intriguing possibility that against currently prevailing WHO's definition, infertility may not represent exclusively a pathological condition, but may also result from immunogenetic incompatibility of the gametes.
- Published
- 2020
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44. Post-copulatory genetic matchmaking: HLA-dependent effects of cervical mucus on human sperm function.
- Author
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Jokiniemi A, Magris M, Ritari J, Kuusipalo L, Lundgren T, Partanen J, and Kekäläinen J
- Subjects
- Humans, Infertility, Male, Reproduction, Cervix Mucus physiology, HLA Antigens physiology, Spermatozoa physiology
- Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that women show pre-copulatory mating preferences for human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-dissimilar men. A fascinating, yet unexplored, possibility is that the ultimate mating bias towards HLA-dissimilar partners could occur after copulation, at the gamete level. Here, we explored this possibility by investigating whether the selection towards HLA-dissimilar partners occurs in the cervical mucus. After combining sperm and cervical mucus from multiple males and females (full factorial design), we found that sperm performance (swimming velocity, hyperactivation, and viability) was strongly influenced by the male-female combination. This indicates that sperm fertilization capability may be dependent on the compatibility between cervical mucus (female) and sperm (male). We also found that sperm viability was associated with partners' HLA dissimilarity, indicating that cervical mucus may selectively facilitate later gamete fusion between immunogenetically compatible partners. Together, these results provide novel insights into the female-mediated sperm selection (cryptic female choice) in humans and indicate that processes occurring after copulation may contribute to the mating bias towards HLA-dissimilar partners. Finally, by showing that sperm performance in cervical mucus is influenced by partners' genetic compatibility, the present findings may promote a deeper understanding of infertility.
- Published
- 2020
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45. Colonic Mucosal Microbiota and Association of Bacterial Taxa with the Expression of Host Antimicrobial Peptides in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis.
- Author
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Jalanka J, Cheng J, Hiippala K, Ritari J, Salojärvi J, Ruuska T, Kalliomäki M, and Satokari R
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Bacteroidetes genetics, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, DNA, Ribosomal, Enterobacteriaceae genetics, Finland, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics, Gene Expression, Humans, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases microbiology, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Lipocalin-2 genetics, Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins genetics, beta-Defensins genetics, Colitis, Ulcerative microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Intestinal Mucosa physiology, Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic debilitating disorders of unknown etiology. Over 200 genetic risk loci are associated with IBD, highlighting a key role for immunological and epithelial barrier functions. Environmental factors account for the growing incidence of IBD, and microbiota are considered as an important contributor. Microbiota dysbiosis can lead to a loss of tolerogenic immune effects and initiate or exacerbate inflammation. We aimed to study colonic mucosal microbiota and the expression of selected host genes in pediatric UC. We used high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing to profile microbiota in colonic biopsies of pediatric UC patients ( n = 26) and non-IBD controls ( n = 27). The expression of 13 genes, including five for antimicrobial peptides, in parallel biopsies was assessed with qRT-PCR. The composition of microbiota between UC and non-IBD differed significantly (PCoA, p = 0.001). UC children had a decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in several family-level taxa including Peptostreptococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, which correlated negatively with the expression of antimicrobial peptides REG3G and DEFB1, respectively. Enterobacteriaceae correlated positively with the expression siderophore binding protein LCN2 and Betaproteobacteria negatively with DEFB4A expression. The results indicate that reciprocal interaction of epithelial microbiota and defense mechanisms play a role in UC.
- Published
- 2020
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46. Characterization of Highly Mucus-Adherent Non-GMO Derivatives of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG.
- Author
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Rasinkangas P, Tytgat HLP, Ritari J, Reunanen J, Salminen S, Palva A, Douillard FP, and de Vos WM
- Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG is one of the best studied lactic acid bacteria in the context of probiotic effects. L. rhamnosus GG has been shown to prevent diarrhea in children and adults and has been implicated to have mitigating or preventive effects in several disorders connected to microbiota dysbiosis. The probiotic effects are largely attributed to its adhesive heterotrimeric sortase-dependent pili, encoded by the spaCBA-srtC1 gene cluster. Indeed, the strain-specific SpaCBA pili have been shown to contribute to adherence, biofilm formation and host signaling. In this work we set out to generate non-GMO derivatives of L. rhamnosus GG that adhere stronger to mucus compared to the wild-type strain using chemical mutagenesis. We selected 13 derivatives that showed an increased mucus-adherent phenotype. Deep shotgun resequencing of the strains enabled division of the strains into three classes, two of which revealed SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in the spaA and spaC genes encoding the shaft and tip adhesive pilins, respectively. Strikingly, the other class derivatives demonstrated less clear genotype - phenotype relationships, illustrating that pili biogenesis and structure is also affected by other processes. Further characterization of the different classes of derivatives was performed by PacBio SMRT sequencing and RNAseq analysis, which resulted in the identification of molecular candidates driving pilin biosynthesis and functionality. In conclusion, we report on the generation and characterization of three classes of strongly adherent L. rhamnosus GG derivatives that show an increase in adhesion to mucus. These are of special interest as they provide a window on processes and genes driving piliation and its control in L. rhamnosus GG and offer a variety of non-GMO derivatives of this key probiotic strain that are applicable in food products., (Copyright © 2020 Rasinkangas, Tytgat, Ritari, Reunanen, Salminen, Palva, Douillard and de Vos.)
- Published
- 2020
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47. Increasing accuracy of HLA imputation by a population-specific reference panel in a FinnGen biobank cohort.
- Author
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Ritari J, Hyvärinen K, Clancy J, Partanen J, and Koskela S
- Abstract
The HLA genes, the most polymorphic genes in the human genome, constitute the strongest single genetic susceptibility factor for autoimmune diseases, transplantation alloimmunity and infections. HLA imputation via statistical inference of alleles based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with alleles is a powerful first-step screening tool. Due to different LD structures between populations, the accuracy of HLA imputation may benefit from matching the imputation reference with the study population. To evaluate the potential advantage of using population-specific reference in HLA imputation, we constructed an HLA reference panel consisting of 1150 Finns with 5365 major histocompatibility complex region SNPs consistent between genome builds. We evaluated the accuracy of the panel against a European panel in an independent test set of 213 Finnish subjects. We show that the Finnish panel yields a lower imputation error rate (1.24% versus 1.79%). More than 30% of imputation errors occurred in haplotypes enriched in Finland. The frequencies of imputed HLA alleles were highly correlated with clinical-grade HLA allele frequencies and allowed accurate replication of established HLA-disease associations in ∼102 000 biobank participants. The results show that a population-specific reference increases imputation accuracy in a relatively isolated population within Europe and can be successfully applied to biobank-scale genome data collections., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of NAR Genomics and Bioinformatics.)
- Published
- 2020
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48. Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association and Gene Expression Studies Implicates Donor T Cell Function and Cytokine Pathways in Acute GvHD.
- Author
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Hyvärinen K, Koskela S, Niittyvuopio R, Nihtinen A, Volin L, Salmenniemi U, Putkonen M, Buño I, Gallardo D, Itälä-Remes M, Partanen J, and Ritari J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Transplant Recipients, Transplantation, Homologous adverse effects, Young Adult, Cytokines metabolism, Gene Expression, Graft vs Host Disease genetics, Graft vs Host Disease immunology, Signal Transduction genetics, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Tissue Donors
- Abstract
Graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) is a major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that causes mortality and severe morbidity. Genetic disparities in human leukocyte antigens between the recipient and donor are known contributors to the risk of the disease. However, the overall impact of genetic component is complex, and consistent findings across different populations and studies remain sparse. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the genes responsible for GvHD, we combined genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from two distinct populations with previously published gene expression studies on GvHD in a single gene-level meta-analysis. We hypothesized that genes driving GvHD should be associated in both data modalities and therefore could be detected more readily through their combined effects in the integrated analysis rather than in separate analyses. The meta-analysis yielded a total of 51 acute GvHD-associated genes (false detection rate [FDR] <0.1). In support of our hypothesis, this number was significantly higher than that in a permutation meta-analysis involving the whole data set, as well as in separate meta-analyses on the GWAS and gene expression data sets. The genes indicated by the meta-analysis were significantly enriched in 277 Gene Ontology terms (FDR < 0.05), such as T cell function and cytokine-mediated signaling pathways, and the results highlighted several established immune mediators, such as interleukins and JAK-STAT signaling, and presented TRAF6 and TERT as potential effector candidates. Altogether, the results support the chosen methodological approach, implicate a role of gene-level variation in donors' key immunological regulators predisposing patients to acute GVHD, and present potential targets for therapeutic intervention., (Copyright © 2020 Hyvärinen, Koskela, Niittyvuopio, Nihtinen, Volin, Salmenniemi, Putkonen, Buño, Gallardo, Itälä-Remes, Partanen and Ritari.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Extended HLA Haplotypes and Their Impact on DPB1 Matching of Unrelated Hematologic Stem Cell Transplant Donors.
- Author
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Linjama T, Räther C, Ritari J, Peräsaari J, Eberhard HP, Korhonen M, and Koskela S
- Subjects
- Humans, Tissue Donors, Haplotypes genetics, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I genetics, Transplantation Conditioning methods
- Abstract
Although HLA-DPB1 has long been considered of lesser importance in the selection of an unrelated donor (URD) hematologic stem cell transplantation, currently in many instances the DPB1 type of the donor is relevant or even critical. At present, however, only a minority of registry donors are DPB1 typed. It is also unclear to what extent the DPB1 alleles are linked to the 5-locus HLA-A-, B-, C-, DRB1, -DQB1 haplotypes. We sought to study whether there is such a linkage by using donors in the Finnish Stem Cell Registry as the study population. The 6-locus HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1, -DPB1 haplotype frequencies were estimated from a group of 43,365 Finnish registry donors using the German National Bone Marrow Registry algorithm. Five-locus haplotype (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1) and HLA-DPB1 allele frequencies were calculated as marginal frequencies of the estimated 6-locus haplotype frequencies. The Finnish average frequency of individual DPB1 alleles was compared with their respective frequencies in association with individual 5-locus HLA haplotypes (haplotype-specific frequencies). Finally, the probability of DPB1 matching in 10/10 matched URD transplants was assessed. Haplotype-specific DPB1 frequencies differed significantly from the average DPB1 frequencies in 81 of 100 most frequent Finnish 5-locus HLA haplotypes, including some infrequent DPB1 alleles that were associated almost exclusively with certain individual 5-locus haplotypes. Five-locus haplotypes that are enriched in Finland but rare among other Europeans carried stronger DPB1 associations than haplotypes that are frequent European-wide. Finally, 10/10 matched transplants from domestic registry donors were significantly more likely to also be DPB1 matched than those from foreign donors. The results indicate an extension of linkage disequilibrium in the MHC complex in the Finnish population. With continuing upfront DPB1 typing of registry donors, it will be possible to perform similar extended 6-locus haplotype frequency estimations also in other registries. The associations are likely to be population specific but may be weaker in more heterogeneous populations. In the future the results might be used to predict the probability of DPB1 match or permissive/nonpermissive DPB1 mismatch for non-DPB1 typed donors in registry donor searches., (Copyright © 2019 American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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50. Computational Analysis of HLA-presentation of Non-synonymous Recipient Mismatches Indicates Effect on the Risk of Chronic Graft-vs.-Host Disease After Allogeneic HSCT.
- Author
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Ritari J, Hyvärinen K, Koskela S, Niittyvuopio R, Nihtinen A, Salmenniemi U, Putkonen M, Volin L, Kwan T, Pastinen T, Itälä-Remes M, and Partanen J
- Subjects
- Genotype, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Histocompatibility immunology, Histocompatibility Testing methods, Humans, Siblings, Tissue Donors, Transplantation, Homologous methods, Graft vs Host Disease immunology, Graft vs Leukemia Effect immunology, Minor Histocompatibility Antigens immunology
- Abstract
Genetic mismatches in protein coding genes between allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipient and donor can elicit an alloimmunity response via peptides presented by the recipient HLA receptors as minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAs). While the impact of individual mHAs on allo-HSCT outcome such as graft-vs.-host and graft-vs.-leukemia effects has been demonstrated, it is likely that established mHAs constitute only a small fraction of all immunogenic non-synonymous variants. In the present study, we have analyzed the genetic mismatching in 157 exome-sequenced sibling allo-HSCT pairs to evaluate the significance of polymorphic HLA class I associated peptides on clinical outcome. We applied computational mismatch estimation approaches based on experimentally verified HLA ligands available in public repositories, published mHAs, and predicted HLA-peptide affinites, and analyzed their associations with chronic graft-vs.-host disease (cGvHD) grades. We found that higher estimated recipient mismatching consistently increased the risk of severe cGvHD, suggesting that HLA-presented mismatching influences the likelihood of long-term complications in the patient. Furthermore, computational approaches focusing on estimation of HLA-presentation instead of all non-synonymous mismatches indiscriminately may be beneficial for analysis sensitivity and could help identify novel mHAs.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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