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Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation has been described in literature as a rare complication of LMA use. In this report, we describe the case of acute TMJ dislocation that occurred after LMA Supreme use in a 29 year old lady who underwent diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy under general anesthesia. The patient had an unremarkable airway and no history of TMJ subluxation or dislocation in the past. After induction of anesthesia, a size 3 LMA Supreme was successfully inserted in a single attempt after giving jaw thrust. After an uneventful surgical procedure the patient was reversed and the LMA Supreme was removed. After LMA removal, the patient was unable to close her mouth. The bony swelling palpable in the region anterior to bilateral TMJ confirmed the diagnosis of TMJ dislocation. A dental surgeon performed manual reduction of the same and the reduced position was secured using a bandage.

Probiotic species such as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria are known to have a major role in gluten digestion and regulation of proper functioning of gastrointestinal system however these are found to be missing in gluten allergy patients. So, here in this case we aimed to find the effect of probiotic supplementation along with gluten free diet in celiac disease patient. A case of an 8-year-old female child admitted to civil hospital, Faridkot with chief complaints of vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, retarded growth, and malnutrition was studied. When she first visited the hospital, based on her symptoms, she was advised celiac disease workup and was found to be highly tTG IgA positive (10.62). The subject was shifted to a strict gluten free diet along with probiotic supplementation. The subject was regularly followed up for the period of four and half years in order to find improvement in her symptoms. After 4 years, gluten diet was gradually reintroduced in a phased manner; the patient remained well even on full gluten diet. This may be due to probiotic supplementation to the subject along with gluten free diet. Present case report describes the spontaneous recovery of celiac disease patient after strict adherence to gluten free diet and probiotic supplementation for a specified period. It is suggested that there should be a proper monitoring and detailed evaluation of clinical and histological markers of recovery in a patient after strict adherence to gluten free diet and probiotic supplementation in order to evaluate the possible role of probiotic supplements in the management of CD.

Purpose: To study the correlation between thyroid eye disease (TED) with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018, in patients presenting with thyroid eye disease to orbit and oculoplasty clinic of a tertiary eye care hospital. A total of 105 patients were included in the study. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic evaluation and thyroid eye disease workup. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe/sight-threatening TED based on EUGOGO classification. Systemic history of diabetes was noted. RBS was done in all patients. Results: Mild disease was noted 61 patients of which 11 were diabetics, moderate in 26 patients (8 diabetics), and severe disease in 18 patients (14 diabetics). All patients were treated accordingly. Among the TED patients, the percentage of diabetic patients was noted to be in increasing order toward the severity spectrum of TED. The prevalence of severe TED was found to be much higher in diabetic patients accounting upto 77.77% of 18 patients. A statistically significant correlation was noted (P = 0.014) between severe TED and type-2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, early onset of thyroid eye disease was noted in type-2 diabetes patients. Even though female preponderance was noted, severe TED was more in men (66.6%). Conclusion: An autoimmune etiology for the association of thyroid and type-1diabetes has been well established. This study shows that type-2 diabetic patients can have more severity in the clinical presentation of TED. Therefore, the presence of type-2 DM in patients with TED can be a predictive factor for onset, progression, and severity of disease. Hence, a high concern of interest among treating ophthalmologists and endocrinologists regarding this entity would help in early prediction and decreased morbidity among such patients.

Non-model organisms are studied very frequently, as a simple accessible and convenient system to investigate the role of miRNAs in particular aspect of biology or disease. However, the unavailability of the annotated genome and hence miRNA database of these non-model organisms pose a major constraint for using them more efficiently. Here, we describe a new method to identify miRNAs in non-model organisms without complex sequencing strategies and using miRNAs from close relative organisms as proxy/reference sequences.

MicroRNAs are 18-22 bp long non-coding sequences and play a critical role in diverse biological processes, through modulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding at the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNA. Consequent upon the discovery of structural and functional features of miRNA targeting, several molecular methods have been developed to identify miRNA targets. However, these methods suffer several drawbacks, including technical challenges, requirement of high cell volumes, inability to differentiate between direct and indirect targets, cell/tissue as well as experimental-specificity and imprecise binding site information. Alternatively in silico approach enables the exploration of the potential miRNA-mRNA pairs to investigate signature miRNA and proteins involved in the signaling of various diseases. Here, we describe micronome-based standard method for identification of miRNA-mRNA pairs as well as validation of key regulator miRNA.

Non-model organisms are studied very frequently, as a simple accessible and convenient system to investigate the role of miRNAs in particular aspect of biology or disease. However, the unavailability of the annotated genome and hence miRNA database of these non-model organisms pose a major constraint for using them more efficiently. Here, we describe a new method to identify miRNAs in non-model organisms without complex sequencing strategies and using miRNAs from close relative organisms as proxy/reference sequences.

MicroRNAs are 18-22 bp long non-coding sequences and play a critical role in diverse biological processes, through modulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding at the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNA. Consequent upon the discovery of structural and functional features of miRNA targeting, several molecular methods have been developed to identify miRNA targets. However, these methods suffer several drawbacks, including technical challenges, requirement of high cell volumes, inability to differentiate between direct and indirect targets, cell/tissue as well as experimental-specificity and imprecise binding site information. Alternatively in silico approach enables the exploration of the potential miRNA-mRNA pairs to investigate signature miRNA and proteins involved in the signaling of various diseases. Here, we describe micronome-based standard method for identification of miRNA-mRNA pairs as well as validation of key regulator miRNA.

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasingly becoming a concern to public health. Current antibiotics have failed to bring desirable results to many bacterial infections due to multi-resistant strains. So, concerted efforts are being made to curve this with the help of dietary phytohemicals. A number of dietary phytochemical are being put to trials for antimicrobial activity; however it is worthwhile to search such a part of diet that is very frequently used by major population. Keeping this view in mind an effort has been made to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of most common vegetable component Allium cepa. Methanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared from Allium cepa and antibacterial activity was tested on four pathogenic bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram negative) Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus Subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration by the Microtitre well plate method. Conventional antibiotic discs of Tetracycline and Gentamycin were used as positive control. Among the two extracts, methanolic extract exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity on the test organisms Ps. aeruginosa (17.5mm) and B. subtilis (11.3mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration value for Ps. aeruginosa was 500μl and for B. subtilis was 250μl for methanolic extract. The growth of other two bacteria i.e. E. coli and S. aureus were not inhibited by methanolic as well as aqueous extract that indicates non susceptibility to aqueous and methanol extract of Allium cepa. From the study, it was concluded that the commonly used Allium cepa possess potent antibacterial property against Bacillus Subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Levamisole, a wide spectrum antihelminthic has been compared for its, curative effect on condylomata acuminata with podophyhin when given alone or combind with podophylfin topically. A cure rate of83.6% was obtained with podophyllin alone after in average Of 1.6 applications. With combined therapy, comparable good, results- were. Obtained i.e. a cure rate of 79.0% after applications. Levamisole was found to tie completely disappointing and had no effect on warts either given alone or in combination with podophyllin. No serious local or system side effects were noted with podophyllin and levamisole. Perianal and intraameatal warts were found to be relatively resistant to therapy.

We present the case of a 27-year-old woman with end stage renal disease from Diabetes Mellitus type 1 who had been on hemodialysis for a year. Her father, who was otherwise healthy, was evaluated as a possible living donor. Incidentally, during the workup process, he was identified as having Gitelman's syndrome (GS). The transplant proceeded without any complications, following which the recipient developed biochemical abnormalities consistent with GS. Both donor and recipient are doing well at this time. To our knowledge, this is the only known case of kidney donation by a patient with GS either living or deceased.

The present investigation focuses to determine the antimicrobial potential of an Ayurvedic formulation Kutajghan vati. In this study the activity of this formulation was compared with the standard antibiotics like Amikacin and Norfloxacin. Ethanol, methanol and acetone extract of Kutajghan vati demonstrated good antimicrobial activity and thus can form the basis for the development of a novel antibacterial formulation.

The objective was to estimate the prevalence of malignancy or dysplasia in cervical polyps.A convenience sample was identified by retrospectively searching the Hartford Hospital pathology database for cases of endocervical polyps removed from January 1, 1999, through January 31, 2006. The presence of malignancy, dysplasia, atypia, and other modifiers was recorded along with demographic information, including age, race/ethnicity, residence, and the ordering practitioner.The sample size consisted of 2246 polyps obtained from 2100 women, who ranged in age from 16 to 95 years (mean +/- SD, 48.6 +/- 10.9). The women were 82.4% white, 3.4% African American, 5.4% Hispanic, 0.4% Asian, and 8.3% other. The majority of women were from private practices (95.2%), and obstetrics/gynecology providers sent 98.3% of the polyp samples. Malignancy was diagnosed in 0.1% of cases. Polyps showed dysplasia in 0.5% of cases, and reactive atypia was seen in 1.6%. Inflammatory changes were seen in 27.7% of polyps, metaplasia in 13.6%, and microglandular hyperplasia in 6.8%. The recurrence rate was 6.2%.The prevalence of malignancy and dysplasia in cervical polyps removed over a 7-year span was 0.1% and 0.5%, respectively. Cervical polyps can harbor disease from sources beyond the cervix. Because there were no cases of primary malignancy in this large series of cervical polyps, it appears unlikely that cervical polyps progress to malignancy. Additionally, polyp recurrence is not uncommon. This information has significant implications as physicians plan appropriate counseling and management for the common diagnosis of cervical polyps.

The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence and related risk factors for coronary heart diseases and hypertension in the rural population of Kheda district, Gujarat (India). The observations from the first five years of this ongoing project (May 1987-May 1992) are described in this paper. Out of an initial sample of 750 individuals in the age group 30-62 years, who were selected by stratified random sampling, 714 persons (males = 429; females = 285) were actually studied, after excluding those suffering from coronary heart diseases (CHD). Initially, all the included subjects were examined clinically and appropriate laboratory investigations were done. A detailed socio-economic history was also obtained. Subsequently all of them were followed up and biannual clinical and laboratory investigations were performed. Cases of CHD were diagnosed according to the recommendations of the New York Heart Association. The overall five-year incidence of CHD was 25.17 per thousand persons. The incidence in males was 3 times higher than in females. More males suffered from myocardial infarction (MI), while in the females the incidence of sudden death was higher (33.3%). The average yearly mortality rate due to CHD was 2.46 per thousand persons. CHD was significantly associated with increased blood pressure (both diastolic and systolic), smoking, and family history of heart disease, and was weakly associated with body weight (p = 0.06).

Purified bovine cathepsin B, when incubated with isolated rat islets of Langerhans, completely converts proinsulin to insulin as demonstrated by the incorporation of 14C-leucine into islet proteins, releasing lysine as the only basic amino acid. Cathepsin B antibodies raised in rabbit inhibited the above conversion.

Immunological parameters including the serum levels of major classes of immunoglobulins and complement C3, screening of six commonly encountered autoantibodies (including rheumatoid factor) and screening for circulating immune complexes were carried out in patients with different presentations of seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Compared with 27 controls, the mean serum levels of IgG were significantly elevated (p less than 0.001) in 19 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 15 with Reiter's disease (RD) and nine with 'unclassified' seronegative spondarthritis. Serum IgA was significantly elevated (p less than 0.01) in Reiter's disease but not in the other two groups of patients. One patient with 'unclassified' seronegative spondarthritis showed complete absence of IgA and IgM in his serum. Serum C3 levels were estimated in 26 AS patients, 14 RD patients and nine unclassified seronegative spondarthritis patients. The values did not differ significantly from those in 27 controls. Autoantibodies were not detected in any of 29 patients with AS, 15 with RD and 10 patients with unclassified seronegative spondarthritis. Circulating immune complexes were detected by latex agglutination-inhibition technique in 5.9% of 85 controls, 61% of 18 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (p less than 0.001), 67% of 15 patients with Reiter's disease (p less than 0.05) and 78% of nine patients with unclassified seronegative spondarthritis (p less than 0.001). The findings would suggest an ongoing antigenic challenge in these diseases in which tissues may be damaged by deposits of antigen-antibody complexes.

The acute effect of alloxan on the incorporation of 14C-leucine into isolated rat islets of Langerhans was studied. I.v. administration of alloxan (40 mg/kg body weight) in rats inhibited the subsequent in vitro incorporation of 14C-leucine into (pro-)insulin in the isolated islets. Glucose (750 mg/kg body weight), when administered 5 min prior to alloxan, completely protected the islets against alloxan toxicity. The protective effect of glucose was partly reversed when the concentration of alloxan was raised to 80 mg/kg body weight. Similar results of inhibition of (pro-)insulin biosynthesis by alloxan and its protection by glucose were obtained when isolated rat islets were exposed to alloxan and/or glucose in vitro. Islets exposed to glucose in vitro immediately after alloxan exposure showed a slower rate of inhibition of (pro-)insulin biosynthesis, as compared to islets washed before exposure to D-glucose. In view of these findings, it is suggested that there is a common recognition site on B-cell for alloxan and glucose.