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7 results on '"René Laval"'

1. Monochromateur multicouche X-UV à bande passante étroite et faible fond continu

Author

Gwaénäelle Julie, F. Delmotte, P. Troussel, Marie-Françoise Ravet, Françoise Bridou, G. Soullie, C. Remond, R. Barchewitz, Alain Bosseboeuf, Michel Fialin, Jean-Michel André, R. Benbalagh, and René Laval

Subjects
Optics, business.industry, law, Chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, business, Elaboration, Narrow bandwidth, Monochromator, law.invention
Abstract

The principle of a multilayer monochromator with a narrow bandwidth and a low specular background is recalled. The elaboration of such a monochromator obtained from a Mo/Si multilau-yer mirror is briefly described. The performance of the device measured at 1500 and 98 eV is presented. Le principe d'un monochromateur multicouche a bande passante etroite et presentant un faible fond continu est rappele. Nous decrivons brievement la fabrication d'un tel monochromateur obtenu a partir d'un miroir multicouche Mo/Si. Les performances de ce dispositif mesurees a 1500 et 98 eV sont presentees.

Published
2002
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2. Soft x-ray multilayer monochromator with improved resolution and low specular background

Author

Françoise Bridou, Christian Rémond, Alain Raynal, R. Barchewitz, Michel Fialin, F. Delmotte, Alain Bosseboeuf, Jean-Michel André, René Laval, Gwaénäelle Julie, Marie-Françoise Ravet, Gérard Soullié, and Rabah Benbalagh

Subjects
Photon, Fabrication, Chemistry, business.industry, Resolution (electron density), Grating, law.invention, Optics, law, Specular reflection, Photolithography, Reactive-ion etching, business, Spectroscopy, Monochromator
Abstract

A new soft-x-ray multilayer monochromator with an improved resolution and a low specular background is presented. The principles of the device, based on the use of a lamellar multilayer amplitude grating (LMAG), are summarized. The techniques of fabrication of the monochromator (multilayer deposition, UV lithography and reactive ion etching) are given. The performance of this new monochromator at photon energies around 1500 eV is demonstrated. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2001
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3. Fabrication and characterization of a Mo/Si multilayer monochromator with a narrow spectral bandwidth in the xuv domain

Author

R. Barchewitz, Gwaénäelle Julie, P. Troussel, Françoise Bridou, René Laval, Rabah Benbalagh, F. Delmotte, Alain Raynal, Jean-Michel André, Alain Bosseboeuf, and Marie-Françoise Ravet

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fabrication, business.industry, Synchrotron radiation, X-ray optics, Grating, law.invention, Optics, law, Extreme ultraviolet, Optoelectronics, Photolithography, Reactive-ion etching, business, Instrumentation, Monochromator
Abstract

A new kind of xuv multilayer monochromator with a narrow spectral bandwidth is introduced. This monochromator is based on a Mo/Si multilayer mirror etched according to the profile of a lamellar grating. The fabrication of such a device involving multilayer deposition, UV lithography and reactive ion etching is presented. The monochromator has been characterized by means of the synchrotron radiation around the Si–L edge (100 eV). A reduction of the bandwidth has been observed with respect to the unpatterned mirror by a factor close to 3.

Published
2001
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4. X-ray multilayer monochromator with enhanced performance

Author

Françoise Bridou, Christian Remond, Frank Delmotte, René Laval, Alain Raynal, Rabah Benbalagh, G. Soullié, Gwénaelle Julié, R. Barchewitz, Michel Fialin, Jean-Michel André, Alain Bosseboeuf, Marie-Françoise Ravet, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Scop, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation du rayonnement électromagnétique (LURE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-MENRT-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement ( LCPMR ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique ( LCFIO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut d'Optique Graduate School ( IOGS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut d'Optique Graduate School ( IOGS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'électronique fondamentale ( IEF ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), DAM Île-de-France ( DAM/DIF ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation du rayonnement électromagnétique ( LURE ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -MENRT-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Materials Science (miscellaneous), X-ray optics, Grating, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Photon counting, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Business and International Management, Thin film, Reactive-ion etching, Photolithography, business, Diffraction grating, Monochromator
Abstract

International audience; An x-ray multilayer monochromator with improved resolution and a low specular background is presented. The monochromator consists of a lamellar multilayer amplitude grating with appropriate parameters used at the zeroth diffraction order. The device is fabricated by means of combining deposition of thin films on a nanometer scale, UV lithography, and reactive ion etching. The performance of this new monochromator at photon energies near 1500 eV is shown.

Published
2002
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5. Gendered effects of pay for performance among family physicians for chronic disease care: an economic evaluation in a context of universal health coverage

Author

Neeru Gupta, René Lavallée, and James Ayles

Subjects
Medical workforce, Family physicians, Pay for performance, Diabetes mellitus, Gender gap, Health economics, Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Despite increasing popularity among health organizations of pay for performance (P4P) for the provision of comprehensive care for chronic non-communicable diseases, evidence of its effectiveness in improving health system outcomes is weak. An important void in the evidence base is whether there are gendered differences in P4P uptake and in related outcomes amenable to healthcare improvement. This study assesses the gender-specific effects of P4P among family physicians on diabetes healthcare costs in a context of universal health coverage. Methods We use population-based linked longitudinal administrative datasets on chronic disease cases, physician billings, hospital discharge abstracts, and physician and resident registries in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. We estimate the effects of introduction of a P4P scheme on excess public healthcare costs among cohorts of adult diabetes patients using propensity score-adjusted difference-in-differences regressions stratified by physician’s gender. Results We observed greater male physician uptake of incentive payments, seemingly exacerbating gender gaps in professional remuneration. Regression results indicated P4P did not lead to improved outcomes in terms of preventing hospitalization costs among patients, only measurable increases in compensation for both the male and female physician workforce. Conclusions While P4P was not attributed in this study to reduced hospital burden and enhanced sustainability of healthcare financing, incentive payments were found to be related to earning gaps by physician’s gender. Decision-makers should consider that benefits of P4P be monitored not only for patient metrics but also for provider metrics in terms of gender equality especially given feminization of primary care medical workforces.

Published
2019
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6. Improved Multilayer Monochromator for the Soft-X-Ray Domain

Author

Françoise Bridou, Michel Fialin, Jean-Michel André, Christian Remond, Alain Bosseboeuf, Gwénaelle Julié, G. Soullié, Frank Delmotte, R. Barchewitz, Marie-Françoise Ravet, Rabah Benbalagh, and René Laval

Subjects
Soft x ray, Materials science, business.industry, X-ray optics, Condensed Matter Physics, Reflectivity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Domain (software engineering), law.invention, Optics, Reflection (mathematics), Interference (communication), law, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Monochromator
Published
2001
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7. POLARIZATION OF THE LIGHT EMITTED BY A NEODYMIUM‐GLASS LASER

Author

Germain Chartier and René Laval

Subjects
Birefringence, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Isotropy, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, Polarization (waves), Neodymium, law.invention, Resonator, Glass laser, Optics, chemistry, law, business, Anisotropy
Abstract

We study the polarization of the light emitted from a Nd‐glass laser in isotropic or anisotropic Fabry‐Perot resonators. Because of a coupling of orthogonally polarized waves inside the amplifying medium, the laser light is never fully polarized. We describe an experimental arrangement which allows measurements on this coupling during the laser emission. This coupling can be interpreted on the basis of pump‐induced stress birefringence; our data are in agreement with those of other authors.

Published
1968
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